from Roan two from Vernon and one from the River Seyne It stands upon a little Hill in so agreeable a Place that the former Kings of France as Francis I. and Charles IX have delighted to make some stay at it Gainsborongh a large well built Market-Town in Lincolnshire in the Division of Lindsey and Hundred of Gartree upon the River Trent It is memorable for the Death of King Swaine or Sweno the Dane here by an unknown Hand stabbed It drives a considerable Trade and gives the Title of Earl to the Family of the Noels Gaino Gongo Gannum a City of Thrace upon the Propontis three German Miles from Rudisto to the South and twelve from Gallipoli to the North about nineteen South from Constantinople by Sea Gaiola Euploea a small Island upon the Coast of Terra di Lavoro between Naples and Puteoli Gaivo Gagecome a River of Phrygia in the Lesser Asia There is also a Town of the same Name Galata Gallita Calathe Galata an Island upon the Coast of Numidia almost opposite to the Bay of the same Name It lies over against Sardinia West of Tunis East of Algier or Argiers West of Cape Negro and is about ten Miles in Circumference Galata or Galatta Chrysoceras Cornu Byzantii a noble Suburb on the North of Constantinople towards the Black Sea which is strongly fortified to the North. This was first if not built yet beautified by the Genouese Mr. Wheeler our Country-man thus describes it Galata is situate saith he upon the South side of a considerable steep Hill setting out into a Promontory on the North side of the Harbour and comprehending the Suburbs on the East West and North sides of it it may be counted a good large City and very populous yet the Circumference of the Wall takes up no great space of ground but the Houses are thick and the Streets narrow and the whole very populous On the top of the Hill is a round spired Tower covered with Lead and on the Walls are some Arms and modern Inscriptions which belonged to the Genoese who before the taking of Constantinople were Masters of this Place It is more inhabited by Christians and Jews than by Turks Here is the Scale of the Merchants who have a good Kan covered with Lead for the Sale of their Woollen Cloaths and other Merchandize There are five Religious Houses of the Latin Christians established in this Place Otherwise called Pera See Pera. Galati Galata once a City now a Village in Sicily in the Valley of Demona twenty Miles from Patti South-West thirty five from Catania North-West Galatia is a Province of the Lesser Asia called by the ancient Geographers Gallo-Graecia from the Galls which are stiled Galatae by the Grecians who after the burning of Rome and laying Italy desolate went thither and possessed it making a mixture with the Grecians and the South Part of it was nam'd Galatia Salutaris This Province is bounded on the North by Paphlagonia sometimes taken for a Part of it on the East by Cappadocia on the South by Pisidia and Liaconia on the West by Phrygia Magna Bithynia and Asia properly so taken The Turks call this Province now Chiangare under whom it is The principal Cities are Ancyra which is even now in a more flourishing State than any of the rest and Pessinus This Colony of the Galls is said to have settled here under Brennus A. M. 3671. They were subdued by the Romans under Cn. Manlius Vulso in the year of the World 3760. 187 years before the Birth of our Saviour but not made a Roman Province till the year 3925. 23 years before Christ They were converted to Christianity by S. Paul who honoured them with an Epistle They did not fall into the Hands of the Mahometans till 1524. when Solyman the Magnificent took Alsbeg Prince of the Mountains of Armenia by Treachery and possessed himself of Cappadocia Armenia and Galatia Galaure Galabar a small River in the Dauphinate which falls into the Rhosne at S. Valerie six Miles beneath Vienne to the South Galazo Galesus Eurotas is a River which ariseth from the Appennine in the Province of Hydruntum La Terra di Otranto near Oria and running West falls into the Bay of Taranto five Miles South of Taranto but not taken notice of in our later Maps Gale a strong Town and Port in the Island of Zeilan in the East-Indies which the Hollanders have ravished from the Portuguese in whosetime it was a flourishing Place frequented by abundance of Vessels from Japan China the Islands of the Sound Malaca Bengala and other Eastern Parts though the Rocks about the Port render it very dangerous to enter without Pilots The Portuguese before they quitted it and the Siege together destroyed most of the Principal Buildings which are yet unbuilt Galera Gallera Gallora a Village and a River near Rome La Galevisse Ager Valicassi a Region upon the Marne a River of France Galfanacar Gichehis a Town in Mauritania Galgala See Meroe § Also a Village in Palestine in the Tribe of Benjamin on this side the River Jordan three Leagues from Jericho Now inhabited by Arabians and call'd Galgal by them A Place heretofore sanctified by a Number of admirable Actions and defam'd again by as many Idolatries S. Jerom in Ose The Circumcision of all that had been born in the Wilderness Joshua ordered to be performed here Galibes a Nation of Indians in Guiana along the River Courbo towards the North Sea in America bounded by the Rivers Suriname and Marauvini to the West and the River and Island of Cayenne to the East Other Maps place them in New Andalusia to the North of the River Orenoque Galicia Gallaecia is a Province of Spain called by the Natives Galizia by the Portuguese Galiza by the French Galice and by the Italians Galicia of a large Extent about fifty Leagues long and forty broad and once a Kingdom but now a Part of the Kingdom of Leon Bounded on the North and West by the Atlantick Ocean on the South by Portugal but parted from it by the River Douero and on the East by Asturia and the Kingdom of Leon. Compostella is the Capital of this Province Orensi Auria Baiona Corufia Lugo Mondoefiedo and Tuy are the other Cities and principal Places The Groyne or Coronna is the most famous of its Ports besides which it has forty others This Province is Mountainous enclined to Barrenness destitute of Water but abounding with Mines of Silver Gold Iron and well stored with Wood and good Wines it hath also great plenty of Cattle Game and excellent Horses The Iron they dig out of these Mountains is thought the best in the World especially for Edge-Tools nor are their Seas less stored with Fish This Country was never Conquered by the Moors though they at times made some Progress into it and after in 985. they had repelled Almanassor with the Loss of 70000 of his Moors they were never in any danger of Conquest from that
or rather the most Northern Branch of the River Niger which falls into the Atlantick Ocean on the North of Cape Verde and in its passage gives name to the Kingdom of Gambay on its Southern Bank not far from its first Division from the River Niger to the East of the Kingdom of Jalost Gamelara Aethusa an Island of Africa Gammacorura a flaming Mountain in the Island of Ternate amongst the Moluccaes In the year 1673. it suffered a violent Rupture out of which it vomited vast quantities of Smoak and Ashes Ganabara Januarius a vast River in Brasil so called by the Natives it falls into the Atlantick Ocean near St. Sebastian where it makes a good Harbor Gand or Gant Gandavum Clarinea called by the Inhabitants Ghent by the French Gand by the Germans Gent by the Spaniards Gante is the Capital of the Earldom of Flanders upon the River Schelde which there takes in the Lyse and Lieue made a Bishop's See under the Archbishop of Mechlin by Pope Paul IV. in 1559. in the Reign of Philip 2. King of Spain This is a vast strong City and was once as rich and populous as unquiet and seditious as any in the Low Countries Erasmus saith of it in his time that he did not think there was any one City in Christendom that could be compared to this for Greatness Power Government and the ingenuity of the Inhabitants But the Wars and other Calamities which have ever since lain heavy upon this Country have exhausted both its Wealth and Inhabitants and brought this City particularly into a very languishing condition The Strength and Situation of it have hitherto supported it It has a Castle built by Charles V. in 1539 who was born here in 1500 and converted an old Abbey which it had into a Cathedral Church And when he built the said Castle spared not to put to death about thirty of the principal Burghers proscribe others confiscate all the publick Buildings take away their Artillery Arms and Privileges and condemn them in a Fine of twelve hundred thousand Crowns for offering to put themselves under the Protection of Francis I. King of France by a Revolt that year of which Francis generously rejecting their Plot had as generously advertised him In the Reign of Philip II. being injuriously treated by the Spaniards this City was one of the first that expelled the Roman Rites in 1578 and admitted the Prince of Orange in 1579. and having cast out the Garrison of Spanish Soldiers levelled the Citadel and fortified the City though then three German Miles in compass It maintained its Liberty till in 1585. seeing the Prince of Orange murthered and no hopes of succor from the Dutch it submitted to the Prince of Parma who rebuilt the Citadel but the Inhabitants being wasted the French took it in 1678 in six days and after restored it to the Spaniards who are now in possession of it This City stands at the equal distance of four Leagues from Antiverp Brussels and Mechlin The learned Hostius Sanderus and Jodocus Badius were Natives of it It s ancient Inhabitants are mentioned by Caesar under the name of Gorduni There are a great many Religious Houses adorning it and seven Parishes besides the Cathedral There is also a strong Castle called the Sas van Ghent or Castle of Gant four Miles from hence to the North built by the Spaniards and taken by the Hollanders in 1644. is still in their Possession Gandia a small Town in the Kingdom of Valentia upon the Coast of the Mediterranean Sea upon the Bay of Valentia eight Leagues from Xativa Setabis to the East It is honoured with the Title of a Dukedom which belongs to the ancient Family of Borgia and has also a College which bears the name of an University of the Foundation of Francis Borgia a General of the Jesuits who was lately Canonized and born here and was Duke of it Gangara A Kingdom in Nigritia in Africa situated between the Lake and Kingdom of Borno the Kingdom of Cassena and the River Niger Rich in Gold and commanded by a King who is absolute The Capital City bears its own name Gangarides an ancient People whose Name Curtius mentions towards the Mouth of the Ganges It is conjectured they might have their Dwelling in the Country we now call the Kingdom of Bengale Ganges the greatest River in the East-India which divides that Continent into two parts called Ganga by the Inhabitants and the Gange by the Europeans it ariseth from Mount Imaus Dalanguer in the Confines of the Great Tartary in the Province of Kakeres and running Southward through the Empire of the Great Mogul it watereth Sirinar Holobassa and Gouro and is augmented by the Streams of Perselus Sersily and Tziotza and many other Rivers in the Mogui's Kingdom In the Kingdom of Bengala it is divided into many Branches and dischargeth it self by five Outlets into the Bay of Bengala giving its name to a Kingdom in its Passage It is full of Islands covered with lovely Indian Trees which afford Travellers great delight The Water is esteemed Sacred by the Inhabitants the Great Mogul will drink no other because it is lighter than that of any other River the Europeans boil it before they drink it to avoid those Fluxes which otherwise it enclines them to This River receiveth from the North-East and West an innumerable number of Brooks and dischargeth it self into the Gulph of Bengala at the height of 23 deg or thereabouts Said by Pliny to be two Miles where it is narrowest and five where it is broadest having Spangles of Gold and precious Stones mixed with its Sands yet not therefore the Phison of Genesis as some mistake because it springs at the distance of twelve hundred Leagues from the Euphrates Gangra an Archiepiscopal City in Paphlagonia in the Lesser Asia in the inland Parts now called Cangria Castomoni and by the Turks Kiengara In this City was a famous Synod of sixteen Bishops celebrated in 324 against Eustathius the Monk for his condemning the Marriage-State Dioscorus the Eutychian was banished to this City by Martian the Emperor in 451. after he had been condemned by the Council of Chalcedon and likewise Timotheus Aelurus a Monk of that Faction in 457. by the Emperor Leo this Monk having been chosen Patriarch of Alexandria Stephanus saith there is another City of the same name in Arabia Foelix Ganhay a Town of War by the Chinese therefore called a Fort in the Province of Fochien in China to the South-East It is magnificently built a Town of great Trade full of People and particularly remarked for a stately Stone Bridge 250 paces long Gani the Mine or Quarry of Diamonds near Coulour in Malabar See Coulour Ganking a great and populous City in the Province of Nanking in China with a Territory belonging to and denominated from it having Jurisdiction over five other old Cities It is the Seat and Government of a Viceroy distinct from the Viceroy of the Province being the more
be the Bormanicum of Pliny Others the ancient Alaunicum or Machaovilla There are divers Religious Houses there Manresa Manrese Minorissa a small City in Catalonia in Spain upon the River Cardoner which a little lower falls into the Lobregat ten Leagues from Barcellona to the North. Once a Bishops See Man 's Vrbs Cenomanorum Cenomanum a great rich populous City in the Duchy of Maine in France of old called Vindinum seated upon the River Sartre where it takes in the Huisne ten Leagues from Alenson to the South sixteen from â—ours to the North and the same distance from Vendosine to the North-West It is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Tours the Capital of Le Maine and heretofore one of the most flourishing Cities of Gallia Celtica Mansfeldt an Island in Hudson's Bay in the Terra Arctica of America discovered some time since by the English Mansfeld Mansfeldensis Comitatus is a County or Earldom in the Vpper Saxony in the Landtgravate of Thuring between the Principality of Anhalt to the North the Territory of Mersburgh in Misnia to the East and Thuring properly so called to the East and West It is now sequestred in the Hands of the Elector of Saxony but was before under a Count of its own whose Family being now divided into four Branches each of them has the Right of Living Hunting and Fishing in this County with that of Patronage and two thousand Florins yearly Income the Government is in the Hands of the Electors for their security and payments The chief Town is Mansfeld which stands nine Miles from Maegdeburgh to the South and Erfurd to the North and sixteen from Gottingen to the East Mansfield a good large well built and inhabited Market Town in the County of Nottingham in the Hundred of Broxtow It stands in the Forest of Sherwood Mantale an ancient Castle in the Territory of Vienne in Dauphine remarkable upon the account of a Council called Concilium Monotalense in 879. for the Election of Boson King of Provence Arles and Burgundy Mante Medunta commonly Epitheted la Jolie a City or great Town in the Isle of France which has a Stone-Bridge over the Seyne in the very Borders of le vexin twelve Leagues beneath Paris to the West and sixteen above Roan to the South-East Philip II. King of France died here in 1223. It heretofore enjoyed the Honour of the Title of an Earldom and had a Cittadel which was destroyed by Henry IV. In 1376. Charles V. King of France Founded a Monastery of the Celestines in it besides which it is adorned with a Collegiate Church Mantonea a City in the Morea in Arcadia famous for the Death of Epaminondas the celebrated Thebean General in the year of Rome 391. It lies at the Foot of the Mountain Parthenius twenty five Miles from Megalopolis to the North and seven from Misitra to the North-West Now called Mandi or Mundi Mantoua Mantua a very ancient City in Lombardy in Italy built three hundred years before Rome It is the Capital of a Dukedom and a Bishops See under the Patriarch of Aquileja but exempt from his Jurisdiction ever since 1453. A great and a magnificent City seated within the Bosom of a Lake of the same Name made by the River Menzo which contributes very much to its strength and security In 1629. it was taken by the German Imperial Forces and miserably impoverished but soon after restored to its Duke by the Interposition of the French Court It stands forty five Miles from Modena to the North twenty from Verona to the South and forty from Cremona to the East This was the Country of Virgil the great Latin Poet who Celebrates the Fertility of its Fields in his Georg. 2. And of Tasso the Italian In the year 1064. the Election of Pope Alexander II. to the See of Rome was confirmed in a Council here against Honorius II. an Antipope set up by the Emperor Henry IV. The Dukedom of Mantoua is bounded on the East by that of Ferrara on the North by the Territories of Verona and Brescia on the West by Cremona and the Dukedom of Milan on the South by the Dukedoms of Modena and Mirandola Said to be equal together with Montisferat which belongs to this Duke to the Dukedom of Florence in extent but not in Revenue yet it is fruitful and abounds in Cattle This Dukedom fell first into the Family of Gonzaga which now possesseth it in 1328. Lewis I. of this Line then slaying Passavino the last of the Bonocelsi's in the Market-Place and assuming the Government into his own Hands as Lord of Mantoua John Francisco the Fifth of the Line was made Marquess of Mantoua by Sigismond the Emperor in 1433. Frederick II. the ninth of them was Created Duke by Charles V. in 1530. Charles III. is the eighteenth of this House and succeeded his Father Charles II. This Dukedom is thirty five Miles from North to South and fifty from East to West Manata the same with la Mancha Mar a County in the North-East part of Scotland extending in length from East to West sixty Miles partly mountainous and barren partly fruitful on the North it has Murray and Buchan on the East the German Ocean on the South Mern and Angus and on the West Athole The River Dee enricheth the South and the Done the North side of this County yet is there in it no Town of great Note Maracaibo or Marecaye a City in the Province of Venezuela in Castile d' Or in the South America upon a vast Lake of the same Name well built rich populous well traded and enjoying the Benefit of an excellent Port wherein the Spaniards build their Ships Maragnan Marahim Maranania an Island on the Coast of Brasil at the Mouth of the River Mirary which gives Name to the next Province to it This was once planted with French but in 1641. taken by the Hollanders and since retaken by the Portuguese There is in it a Town called S. Lewis with a Castle and altho but a small Place yet it is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of S. Salvador Long. 332. 40. Southern Lat. 02. 10. § The River Xauxa in Peru is also called El Vio Maragnon See Xauxa Marans a Town upon the River Sicur Niortoise in the pais d' Aulnis in France two Leagues from the Sea and four from Rochelle It stands in a Marsh hath a Castle and been often taken in the Wars by the Roman Catholicks and Huguenots Marasso C. Delle Cacca Haermaeum the most Western Cape in the Island of Sardinia lying Long. 32. 10. Lat. 41. 15. Marata a small Kingdom in North America placed by Sanson near the New Kingdom of Mexico and the Vermiglian Ocean Marathon Marason Marathona an ancient City of Attica in Greece famous in History for the Defeat given by Miltiades with his Army of twelve thousand Athenians to five hundred thousand Persians in the year of Rome 264. and the third of the seventy second Olympiad Marca
him Lionel Brother of James in whom it died Middleham a Market Town in the North Riding of Yorkshire in the Hundred of Hangwest upon the River Youre Midhurst a Corporation in the County of Suffolk in Chichester Rape which returns two Members of Parliament Midlewich a Market Town in Cheshire in the Hundred of Northwich upon the River Croke near its fall into the Dane Midour Midorius a River in Gascogne in France which ariseth in the County of Armagnac and floweth Westward through Marsan the Capital of which it washeth then takes in the Douse and beneath Tartas sixteen Miles from Bourdeaux to the South falls into the Adour Mignone Minio Magnone a River of Italy which ariseth in Sabatina and flowing through S. Peter's Patrimony falls into the Tyrrhenian Sea between Civita Vecchia and Cornetto Milan Milano Mediolanum by the Germans called Meilandt one of the greatest and most noble Cities in Italy built by the Galls in the year of Rome 345. three hundred and fifty seven years before the Birth of our Saviour others say it was built Anno Mundi 2488. which is above one thousand years sooner The Romans first took it in the year of Rome 531. Marcellus their General Triumphing for the Slaughter of Viridomare the Prince of it and the taking this City This City however joined with the Carthaginians in the Second Punick War and was not reduced without the loss of six thousand of her Inhabitants In the times of Christianity being converted by S. Barnabas it became an Archbishop's See and suffered very much from the Arrian Princes though in the end it preserved the Catholick Faith Attila King of the Huns took and spoiled this and several Neighbouring Cities particularly Florence and Verona in the year of Christ 452. The next that became Masters of it were the Lombards who possess'd themselves of it about 570. It continued under this Nation till 774. under a Succession of twenty three Princes Only it is said Aribert the seventeenth King gave the Duchy of Milan to the Church of Rome But the Successors of this Prince not agreeing with the Popes Adrian I. procured Charles the Great to destroy this Kingdom who took Desiderius carried him Prisoner into France and put an end to the Kingdom of the Lombards in the year of Christ 774. It continued under this Family and the Emperors of Germany till 1161 when it took part with Pope Alexander III. against Frederick Barbarossa and was for it rased to the ground but it recovered and outing the Emperors about 1221. became a Republick and continued so till 1277. when it fell under Otho by the Title of Visconti but as subject to the Emperors of Germany John Galeazo the eighth of these was made a Duke by Wenceslaus I. Emperor in 1395. It continued under Dukes till Lewis XII in 1501. by the Conquest of Lewis an usurping Duke got it Maximilian got it from the French in 1513. Francis a Brother of this Maximilian the seventeenth Duke succeeded him in 1529. Francis I. King of France won and lost it again in 1521. And being taken Prisoner by the Forces of Charles V. in the Battel of Pavia in 1525 he was forced for his Liberty to renounce all his Pretences to this Duchy upon the death of Francis Sforze in 1535. it was by Charles V. united for ever to the Crown of Spain under which it still is At this day after all these Sufferings it is the greatest and most beautiful City in Lombardy the most populous too its Inhabitants being thought to be two hundred thousand Souls It s Trade is equal to its Greatness and the Inhabitants very rich It is seven Miles in compass has one of the strongest Cittadels in the World with an University It stands upon the River Olona three hundred and twenty five Miles from Rome one hundred and sixty five from Venice and two hundred and thirty from Lyons Long. 31. 30. Lat. 44. 40. In the years 344. and 350 two Councils were here Congregated against the Arrians In 355. the Arrians carried it against the adverse Party and sent a great number thereof into Banishment In 390. there was another celebrated against Jovinian In 451. the Doctrine of the Incarnation of the Word as expressed in the Epistle of Pope Leo to Flavianus Bishop of Constantinople received the approbation of a Council at this place In 679. they held another against the Menethelites And divers since of inferior note § The Dukedom of Milan is a part of Lombardy bounded on the North by Switzerland and the Grisons on the East by the Republick of Venice and the Dukedom of Placentia on the South by the States of Genoua and on the West by Montisferat and Piedmont The Soil is extreamly fruitful plain well watered very full of People and consequently well improved It especially abounds with Vines and Barley Heretofore much greater than now It contained twenty nine Cities which are now reduced to ten Alessandria Bobbio Como Cremona Lodi Milan Novara Pavia Tortona and Vigevan Of the Fate and History of this Dukedom I have spoken in the Description of the City and I need add nothing here but that it is accounted the richest and noblest Dukedom in Christendom as Flanders is the noblest Earldom Milel Lethon a River in Africa in Cyrene Mileto Melita See Melito Miletus one of the most considerable antient Cities of Ionia in the Lesser Asia with a Port to the Aegean Sea upon the Frontiers of Caria and near the River Meander Founded in the year of the World according to Eusebius 2779 and in the beginning famous above the rest of Greece for Naval Forces They built the Town Naucratis in Egypt and made War with Sadyatus King of Lydia Alexander M overcame them next the Romans Thales the eldest Philosopher Anaximander and Anximenes were Natives of this City Milebum Milevis or Mela an ancient City in the division of Numidia in Africa Aurelius Archbishop of Carthage assembled a Council here in 402. There was another in 416. at which S. Augustine assisted The latter condemned the Principles of Pelagius and Caelestius touching Grace and Infant-Baptism Milford Haven a Celebrated Sea-Port in the County of Pembroke in South Wales upon the Irish Sea Milau a Territory in Rovergue in France Ager Aemilianus Milaud Milhaud Millialdum Amilhanum a City of France in the Province of Rovergue in the Borders of Languedoc upon the River Tarn which watering Alby falls into the Garonne Its Fortifications were razed in 1629. This City is seated in Givaudan seven Leagues from Lodeve to the North and eight from Rhodez to the North East heretofore very strong Mildenhall a large and populous Market Town in the County of Suffolk and the Hundred of Lackford upon the Banks of a River running into the Ouse adorn'd with a fair Church Milli Milliacum commonly called Milli en Gatinois is a Town in the Territory of Gastinois in the Isle of France upon the Rivulet of Escolle five Leagues from Melun and twelve
County is bounded on the North by the Curlew Mountains dividing it from Slego on the East by the River Shannon dividing it from the Counties of Lotrim Longford West-Meath and Kings County on the South by Kings County and Galloway and on the West by the River Suck which parts it from Galloway and Mayo It is of a considerable length viz. sixty English Miles from North to South but not above nineteen where broadest the Soil is level and extremely fruitful so that it abounds with Grass and Corn produced by very little Husbandry Roscomen the principal Town which gives name to it stands upon the River Suck towards the Western Border but near the middle of the County twelve Miles from Athlone to the North-West and thirty three from Galway to the North-East Rosas Rhoda Rhode Rodopolis once a City now only a Castle and a small Town in the County of Roussillon in Catalonia in Spain which has a large Harbour on the Mediterranean Sea very strongly and well fortified taken by the French in 1645. but restored by the Pyrenean Treaty to Spain It stands ten Spanish Leagues from Perpignan to the South This place was first fortified by Charles V. before which it was only a Monastery though in the time of the Romans it had been one of the most considerable Cities in Spain supposed to have been built by the Rhodians before the Romans were Masters of this Kingdom and from them to have taken this name Rosetto Metelis a City of Egypt called by the Turks Raschit by the Italians Rosetto it stands with a Port upon the Mediterranean Sea upon the Mouth of that Branch of the Nile which was anciently called Canopicum now one of the principal Cities of that Kingdom Monsieur Thevenot who travelled from Alexandria hither tells us that it is sixty short Miles This City saith he was anciently called Canopus it lies five Miles up the River from the Sea and is next to Cairo one of the best Cities in Egypt and still encreasing being a place of great Traffick very pleasant surrounded by lovely Gardens and full of well-built tall Houses and in which there is great plenty of Victuals very cheap but in the Months of July and August they have none but Cistern-waters to drink Many pieces of ancient Money have been found in the Sand betwixt Alexandria and this City The Country about it yields Sugar-Canes in plenty Long. 60. 45. Lat. 31. 6. Roseveque a small Town in Flanders famous for a Battel which Charles V. won against the Rebellious Gante-men of whom were slain forty thousand and their General Philip d' Artevill taken and hanged Rosieme Rosima a City in Poland the Capital of Samogithia upon the River Dubissa twelve Polish Miles from Corona to the North thirty from Riga to the South and twenty seven from Vilna to the West this place is little and ill peopled Baudrand writes Rosienie Rosâ— Russia a County in the North of Scotland bounded on the North by Naverina and Sutherland on the South by Murray and Abria on the East by the German and on the West by the Irish Sea Charles I. was Earl of this County in the Life of his Father Rossano Roscianum Ruscianum a City in the Hither Calabria in the Kingdom of Naples which is an Archbishops See and a Principality built upon a Rock incompassed on all sides by Rocks and seated scarce three Miles from the Shoars of the Bay of Taranto sixteen from Bisignano to the East thirty five from Cosenza to the South-East and twelve from Thurium to the South which last being an old City was formerly the Bishops See This Place is great well peopled and was the Birth-place of Pope John VII Rosse Rossa a Town anciently in the Province of Mounster in the County of Cork and a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Cashell it stands upon the British Channel at the Mouth of a small River called Fin thirty Miles from Cork to the South-West and twenty two from Kinsale to the West The Bishops See in 1618. was united to that of Cork the Town being reduced to a meer Village § There is a Market Town of this name in Herefordshire in the the Hundred of Greytree upon the River Wyc Rossetto See Rosetto Rossillon Ruscinonensis Comitatus a County of Catalonia called by the French Roussillon by the Spaniards Rossillon bounded on the East by the Mediterranean Sea on the North by Languedoc on the West by Ceretania and on the South by Catalonia The Capital of it is Perpignan There are besides in it Leucate Villa Franca Rodes Eâ—na and some other Places of note it extending from East to West eighteen Spanish Leagues This Country was anciently a part of Gallia Narbonensis annexed to Spain in the Times of the Goths had then Earls which were Sovereign Princes of it and on the Death of Gerard the last of them under Alphonsus II. added to Arragon By James I. annexed to the Kingdom of Majorca and recovered back again to that Crown by Pedro IV. By King John II. sold to Lewis XI of France in 1462. and by Charles VIII of France returned back freely to Ferdinando on condition he should not obstruct his Conquest of the Kingdom of Naples in 1493. It continued under that Crown till 1659. when Lewis XIII retook it by his Arms. and had the Possession confirmed by the Pyrenean Treaty There are three considerable Rivers watering it the Tet the Tech and the Egli Rostock Rostocium Rostochium Raciburgum Rhodopolis Rosarum or Rosarium Vrbs a City in the Lower Saxony upon the Baltick Sea in the Dukedom of Meckleburg in Germany which is a Free Imperial City and has an Harbour made by the River Warna on which it stands eight Miles from Wisemar to the East and eleven from Stralsundt to the West It is under the Protection of the Dukes of Meckleburg by whose Ancestors it was built about 329. and walled by another about 1160. It s Ancient Name was Rostzoch or Rotzoch which signifies a Miry Ground Ericus King of Denmark conquered this Territory about 1286. Christopher III. his Successor in 1322. restored it to the Duke of Meckleburg Waldemarus IV. granted this City and its Territory to Albert Duke of Meckleburg in 1360. Aâ—bert another Duke in 1416. founded an University here which was opened three years after It is about five Miles in compass and almost equal to Lubeck A Sedition arising in this City in 1573. against the Duke he entred it in Arms and treated the Senate with great severity In 1629. it was with the whole Dutchy of Mecklenburg taken by the Imperialists out of whose hands it was recovered by the Swedes Octob. 16. 1631. Long. 34. 20. Lat. 54 20. Rostow Rostovia a great City in Russia which is the Capital of a Dukedom of the same Name and an Archbishops See It stands upon the River Cotorea having a Fortress of Wood twenty six Miles from the Wolga to the South and thirty four from Mosco to the
negligence of the Spaniards grew so strong and numerous that all their after Attempts signified nothing Their Sugars which at first were coarse and would quickly melt if not spent are now improved to a great Perfection This Island is not well Watered with Rivers or fresh Springs yet lying now they want not that Element being supplied by Pools Ponds and Cisterns It is very fruitful and enjoys a perpetual Summer Hot but cooled by the Briezes which rise with the Sun and blow fresher as the Sun gets higher The chief Town of this Island is S. Michaels situate at the bottom of Carlisle Bay in the Southern part of the Island where Ships have a very secure Harbor Barbara a small Village in the Island of Sicily but once a City of great Fame and much taken notice of by Greek and Latin Writers under the several names of Aegesta Egesta Acesta and Segesta c. It lies 22 Miles from the Promontory and City of Drepanum now called Trapano to the North-West and 40 from Palermo upon the Western Shoar of the Island near it runs a small River which now beareth the name of S. Bartholomew Barbary Barbaria a large Country in the Western part of Africa lying a considerable length from East to West but not of equal breadth it is bounded on the North by the Mediterranean Sea on the East by Egypt on the West by the Atlantick Ocean and on the South by the Atlantick Mountains which separate it from Biledulgeridia In the times of the Roman Empire this vast Tract of Land was divided into divers Provinces viz. Mauritania Tingitana Casariensis Sitifensis Numidia Africa propria Byzacena Tripolitana Marmorica and Cyreniaca it is now divided into the Kingdoms of Fez Morocco Algiers Constantine antiently Cirta Tunis and Tripoly with the Territory of Barcana This Country was in antient times subject to the Commonwealth of Carthage and the great Kings of Mauritania and Numidia after it fell into the Romans Possession I have shew'd how they divided it Here was a most flourishing Church till the 5 Century in the begining of which the Vandals then Arians entered it and brought in their Heresie with them but that which more effectually contributed to the ruin of Christianity here was the Conquest of it by the Moors in 647 when one Hucha a famous General whom Osmen the Third Caliph of the Saracens imployed to that purpose finally expell'd the Romans and ever since the Moors have possessed it who being the most enraged Enemies of Christianity that ever professed the Mahometan Law have so far extirpated Christianity that there is very few if any of the Inhabitants of this vast Tract of Land which profess it Barbela a River in the Kingdom of Congo in Africa which falls into the River Zaire which washeth the Walls of S. Saviour or Banza the Capital of this Kingdom Barbenzon Barbentio a Principality in Hainaut Barberino Barberinum a small Town in Tuscany in Italy from whence the Noble Family of the Barberines receive their name of which Family Pope Vrban VIII was who succeeded Gregory XV. and sate 21. Years viz. from 1623. to 1644. This small Town is built upon an Hill in the Road between Florence and Siena 16 Miles from the former toward the South Barbowyna Berbis a Village of the lower Hungary where the Ruins of an antient Roman Town are yet seen upon the Drave 3 German Miles from Quinque Ecclesiae towards the South Barbuda or Barbada one of the Caribby Islands in America under the English but of no very great Account It is in length 15 Miles Lat. North 17. d. â— Barca Marmorica a small Kingdom in Africa on the West of Egypt and the Mediterranean Sea under the Empire of the Turks But there is no Town of any note in it there is adjoining to it a Desart called by the same name Barceâ— Barcetum a Castle in the Dukedom of Parma between the Rivers of Parma and Taro and the Apennine 22 Miles from Parma toward the South and 16 from Pentremoli There was antiently a very famous Monastery built here by the Kings of the Lombards Barcelona Barcino a City of Catalonia in Spain which is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Tarragona and an University it has an excellent Port upon the Mediterranean Sea well Traded and also a Castle This City is the Capital of that Province and esteemed one of the best Cities of Spain Built by Hamilcar a Carthaginian and called by his Punick Sirname of Barca In the Year of our Lord 805. it was recovered out of the hands of the Moors by S. Lewis King of France it is seated between the outlet of the River Badelona Baetulo which runs on the Eastern sides and that of Lobregat Rubicatus which at the distance of 2 Miles on the Eastern side falls into the Mediterranean Sea It stands 12 Leagues from Tarragona East and 16 from â—â—rona towards the South and 13 from Ossuna Taken by the French in 1640 but returned under the Spaniard in 1652 after a very sharp Siege This City was Honored with the Title of an Earldom by Lewis the Good after he had taken it from the Saracens Charles the Gross gave this Earldom to Godfrey d'Arria for his Service against the Normans and his Heirs after the Death of Raimond the last Earl it was united to the Kingdom of Arragon in 1162. There were 3 small Councils celebrated in this City one in 540. one in 603. and the last in 1064. James II. King of Arragon died here in 1327 Alfonsus IV. in 1336. and John II. in 1479. Barcelonette a Town and Valley in Provence heretofore now in the Dominions of the Duke of Savoy Built or rebuilt by Raimond V. Earl of Provence in 1231 who called it by this name in memory that his Ancestors came into Provence from Barcelona in Spain Barcelor a City of the East-Indies under the Dominion of the King of Bisnagar upon the Sea Shoar between Goa and Canora It lies in almost 15 d. of Northern Lat. and Long. 105. This City was some time under the Portuguese but is now recovered bythe King of Bisnagnar a potent Indian Prince It was also heretofore the Capital of a distinct Kingdom Barcelos Celiobriga a small Town in Portugal Honored with the Title of a Dukedom It lies in the County of Entre Douro é minho upon the River Cavado which not far from thence falls into the Atlantick Ocean 6 Leagues North of Porto and 4 West of Braga Barcena Coloe a Marsh in Aethiopia out of which ariseth the River of Astapus as Ptolomy saith Bardewic a most antient City in Saxony within a Mile of Lunenburg said to be built 990 Years before the coming of our Saviour Bardi a People amongst the antient Gauls in very great Esteem with them for Poetry and Musick supposed to dwell about Montbard or Mont-Barri in Latin Mons Bardorum a Mountain in the Territory of Auxois in Burgundy which still retains their Name Bardt a
of Poland called by the Natives Poconk or Pocouth It is a part of the Territory of Halitz between the River Tyra now the Neister and the Borders of Transylvania and Walachia the principal Town is Sniatim upon the Pruth the rest Colomey and Martinow Podgarim Babylonia a Province in Asia Podolia Bodeni Budini Patzinacae Populi a Province of the Kingdom of Poland comprehended under the Red Russia of which it is a part and subject to a Palatine of its own Bounded on the North by Volhinia on the East by the Palatinate of Braslaw on the South by Wallachia and on the West by Russia properly so called or the Black Russia This Country extends Eastward through vast uninhabited Countries as far as the Euxine Sea They divide it ordinarily into the Vpper Podolia to the West and the Lower to the East The people are Russians by their Original conquered by the Poles and in the year 1434. admitted to the same Privileges with the rest of Poland by Vladislaus then King of Poland It is fruitful to a wonder yet more accommodated to the life of Beasts than Men. Could it enjoy a steady Peace it should not need to envy the Fertility of Italy or any other Country but being a Frontier against the Turks and Tartars and always exposed to their devouring Incursions it is but meanly inhabited and not much improved In the year 1672. it was yielded to the Turks a part of it has been retrieved since The principal place is Caminieck in the Vpper Podolia the rest are Tzudnow Bratzlaw in the Lower and Orczakow which last is in the hands of the Tartars Poictiers Pictavium Augustoritum Pictava Pictavorum Vrbs a City which is the Capital of the Province of Poictou in France a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Bourdeaux and a celebrated University founded by Charles VII in 1431. It stands upon the River Clain at its Confluence with another small River which there makes a large Lake fourteen Leagues from the Loyre to the South thirty from Saintes to the North and thirty five from Bourges to the West Famous for many Battels sought near it especially that of the Black Prince in the year 1356. In which John King of France was taken Prisoner together with many Lords and two thousand Knights and Esquires Fifty two Lords one thousand seven hundred Knights and Gentlemen were slain of the French Three French Battalions the least of which exceeded the English were intirely routed and in great part destroyed In the Reign of Charles VII King of France whilest the Victorious English were Masters of the Capital of the Kingdom the Parliament of Paris for some years sat here The old Castle by the Gate of S. Lazare is thought to have been the Work of the Romans who built besides an Amphitheatre and other Edisices yet apparent in their remains This City contains twenty four Parishes five Abbeys and divers Monasteries The Episcopal See became famous in the Primitive Times by the Person of S. Hilary Divers Councils have been celebrated at it In one Anno 1075. Berengarius appeared whilst the Doctrine of the Presence in opposition to his was received recognized and established Another under Pope Paschal II. excommunicated Philip I. King of France The Roman Catholicks took Poictiers from the Huguenots and plundered it in 1562. In 1569. the Huguenots under Admiral Coligny besieged it but were forced to rise without success Poictou Pictaviensis Provincia is a large Province in France which was a part of Aquitain whilest under the Romans and called by the Italians Poitu It s greatest extent is from East to West being bounded on the East by Touraine and la Marche on the North by Anjou and Bretagne on the West by the Bay of Aquitain or the British Sea and on the South by Saintonge and Angoulesme This Province was pillaged in the fifth Century by the Vandals Huns and Germans The Romans in the Reign of the Emperour Honorius left it to the Wisigoths whom Clovis the Grand expelled about the year 510. Then from the time of Charlemaigne it was under Sovereign Counts of its own till 1271 when upon a failure of the Line it was united to the Crown of France These Counts had for about nineteen several Successions attained the Title of Dukes of Guyenne Not to omit the the Descent of the Provinces of Guyenne and Poictou upon the Crown of England in 1152. by Eleanour Wise to Henry II. Nor the attempt made in 1242. though without success by Richard Earl of Cornwall Brother to King John to reduce Poictou under the Obedience of England again after the French pretended K. John had forfeited his Rights by the Death of Arthur The principal Towns next Poictiers are Chastelleraud Thouars S. Maxient Fountenay Loudun Niort Parthenay and Richelieu Poissy Pisciacum a Town in the Isle of France which has a Stone Bridge over the Seine six Leagues above Paris to the East S. Lewis King of France was born here in 1215. The heart of King Philip le Bel was interred in a Church here of his own foundation It has divers Religious Houses And in the last Age was more especially famous upon the account of a Conference of Religion betwixt the Roman Catholicks and Huguenots from September 4. 1560. to November 25. held in the presence of Charles IX King of France and Catherine de Medicis the Queen Regent assisted with the Princes of the Blood a great number of Cardinals Bishops Counsellors and Grandees of the Kingdom and Learned Men of both Religions Beza as the Head of the Reformed chiefly managing and bending his utmost force against the Doctrine of the Presence Pola Polia Julia Pietas a City and Colony in Istria mentioned by Strabo and Pliny still called by the same Name being one of the strongest Cities in Istria and a Bishops See under the Patriarch of Aquileja Seated on a Hill near the Shoars of the Adriatick Sea upon which it has a large Haven twenty eight Miles from Parenzo to the South sixty from Trieste and an hundred from Ancona to the North. Said to have been built by the Colchi Now under the States of Venice but small and not much inhabited it having not above seven or eight hundred Inhabitants The Venetians send a Governour however to it who takes the Title of a Count. It has a small Cittadel In the time of the Roman Empire this City as a Free State dedicated a Statue to Severus the Emperour it has several other noble Remains which speak its Greatness and Antiquity as Mr. Wheeler acquaints us in his Travels pag. 5. Long. 37. 00. Lat. 45. 04. Polan Bollia a River of Stiria Polana Monalus a River in the North of Sicily written in Baudrand Polina Poland Polenia is one of the principal Kingdoms in Europe called by the Natives Poloska by the Germans die Polen by the French Pologne by the Spaniards and Italians Polonia by the English Poland A part of the old Salmatia Europaea and has its
of Somerset Rochford a Market Town in the County of Essex The Capital of its Hundred Rochitzerbergh Claudius a Mountain in Stiria called by various names Rockingham a Market Town in Northamptonshire in the Hundred of Corby upon the River Weland giving the Title of Baron to the Right Honorable Edward Watson Lord Rockingham to whom belongs the Castle here which hath lost its strength long since Rocroy Rupes Regia a strong Town in Champagne in Retelois in the Borders of Hainault twelve Leagues from Retel to the North four from Mariebourgh to the South Near this Place the Spaniards received a great Defeat from the French under the Duke D'Anguien May 19. 1643. six days after the death of Lewis XIII King of France But afterward the Spaniards took this Town under the Prince of Conde's Conduct in 1653. It is since returned under the Crown of France Rodaun Erodanus a River in Prussia in Poland which riseth out of a Lake twenty five Miles above Dantzick and falling into the Vistula not much above this City a little beneath it enters the Baltick Sea Roden a small River in Shropshire Rodez or Rhodes Segodunum Rhuteni Rutenae Segodunum Retunorum a City of Aquitain the Capital of the County of Rovergne and a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Bourges The Bishop takes the Title of an Earl a great and beautiful City seated upon the River Veronium fifteen Leagues from Mende to the West thirty two from Narbone to the North and twenty two from Cahors to the East A very ancient City and mentioned by Julius Caesar The Goths Saracens and Franks successively ruined it in their times It served heretofore under its own Counts till it became united with the Crown of France in the Person of Henry IV. Roding a Stream in the County of Essex Rodosto Redcestum a City of Thrace which is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Heraclea it stands upon the Propontis twenty Miles from Heraclea to the South at the foot of an Hill by a Bay of the same name which affords it a convenient and very large Haven so that it is now a Place of considerable Trade and reasonably populous Pliny calls this City Resiston It is beautified with many great Mosques some Grecian Churches and two Synagogues and much frequented by the Merchants of Romania the Sea of Marmora and the Black Sea Roer Rura in Trithemius Rera Adrana a River of Germany called by the French Roure It ariseth in Eifel in the Dukedom of Juliers and watering Juliers and Linnich at Roermonde it falls into the Maes Roermonde Ruremunda a City of the Low Countries in the Province of Guelderland called by the French Ruremonde It stands upon a River of the same name and the Maes having the first to the South of it the second to the West three Leagues from Venlo to the South twelve from Liege to the North Cologne to the West and Wesel to the East Made a Bishops See by Pope Paul IV. under the Archbishop of Mechlin in 1559 he changing its Collegiate Church into a Cathedral and was an Hanse Town till 1635 when it fell into the Hands of the Hollanders from whom it is since recovered by the Spaniards In 1665. it suffered much by a Fire Rohaczow Rohaczovia a considerable Town the Capital of a Territory of the same name in Lithuania upon the Nieper where it takes in the Odrucz twenty Polish Miles from Mohilow to the South and forty from Kiovia to the North. Roham-Thaura Antitaurus a Mountain in the Lesser Armenia which lies to the North of the Great Taurus between the Euphrates and the Arsanius separated from the said great Mountain and therefore by the Ancients called Antitaurus In the Valleys beneath it stands the City of Comdna now called Tabachasa Roia Rodium a City of France in the Province of Picardy upon the River Auvergne in the Territory of Santerre four Leagues from Noyon to the West nine from Amiens and seven from Compeigne to the North. A small City but populous Roll-rich-stones a Monument of vast unwrought Stones circularly set near Ensham in Oxfordshire supposed to have been erected in Commemoration of some great Victory in ancient Times Rom one of the Names of the Lesser Asia Rom Roma a small Island in the Baltick Sea upon the Coast of the Dukedom of Sleswick about two English Miles from the Shoar under the King of Denmark Romagna Romandiola a great Province in Italy in the States of the Church of old called Aemilia Regio Bounded on the West by Bononia on the North by the Dukedom of Ferrara on the South by the Dukedom of Vrbino and on the East by the Adriatick Sea a small part of it towards the Appennine is subject to the Duke of Florence and therefore called Romandiola Florentina The rest which is the far greatest part is under the Pope as a Temporal Prince The principal Places in it are Ravenna the Capital Faenza Imola Forli Bertinoro Rimini Cervia Cesena Sarsina and some others Romania the same with Thrace Romania Argia the Eastern Province of the Morea the Capital of which is Napoli di Romania The other Places are of small importance Romans Romantium Romanis a spruce fine City in Dauphine in France seated in a pleasant Plain upon the River Iseure over which it has a Bridge four Leagues from Valence to the South-East toward Grenoble ten Miles and the same distance from Vienne to the South It is thought to represent Jerusalem in its Situation and Figure insomuch that in 1520. there was a Building added to it made in the fashion of the Holy Sepulchre that stands upon Mount Calvary Francis I. King of France himself laying the first Stone And also a Convent founded under the Name of the House of Mount Calvary now in the possession of the Recollects but first given to the Religious of the Order of S. Francis The Huguenots sacked and ruined this City in 1562. It has been often taken and retaken in the Civil Wars Rome Roma the Capital City of Italy once the Sovereign and Mistriss of the whole World the more immediate Capital now of Campagna di Roma The Emperour Commodus desired to fasten his own Name upon it by calling it Commodiana as a Gothish King called it Gothia and other Princes the like But the Name of Rome still has been always preserved by it This City is seated upon the Tyber twelve Miles above its fall into the Tyrrhenian Sea to the North-East one hundred and twenty from Naples to the North three hundred from Genoua to South one hundred thirty five from Ancona and one hundred and forty from Florence Long. 36. 30. Lat. 40. 40. Though there are great Controversies concerning the Time and the Founder of it yet the most received opinion is that it was built by Romulus and Remus in the first year of the seventh Olympiad Anno Mundi 3198. seven hundred and fifty years before the Birth of our Saviour Its Foundations were small and
Alba Regalis called by the Inhabitants Ekekes Fesarwar by the Germans Stoel-Weissemburg Is a City of the Lower Hungary once the Capital of that Kingdom famous for the Coronation and Burial of the Kings of Hungary It stands in a Marsh upon the River Sarwitz Taken by the Turks Anno 1543 retaken by the Christians in 1601. taken again by the Turks in 1602. surrendred again to the Imperialists upon Articles May 9. in the beginning of the Campagne of the Year 1688. The Imperialists found 84 Pieces of Cannon in it with almost an incredible quantity of Ammunition and small Arms. It is 45 Miles from Buda West and 60 from Comorra South Long. 41. 10. Lat. 47. 8. S. Albans Verulamium is the fairest and the best Town in the County of Hertford It arose out of the Ruins of Verulam a Town more strong and antient seated on the opposite side of the River Ver. This new Town took its Name from one Alban a Citizen of Verulam who in the Dioclesian Persecution suffered Death for the Christian Religion and is esteemed the first of the British Martyrs To whose memory the Britains built a fair Church which being ruin'd in the Wars between them and the Saxons Offa King of the Mercians built here a Monastery to his honor An. Chr. 795. the Abbot of which obtained from Pope Adrian the Precedency of all English Abbots to which an end was put Dec. 5 1539. by the surrender of the said Abby to Hen. VIII Near this place Richard Duke of York overthrew Henry VI. and took him Prisoner Anno Dom. 1455. who four Years after was restored to his liberty again by a Victory obtained here too This Town had the Honor of an Earldom bestowed upon it by Charles II. April 27. 1660. in the person of Henry Jermin then Baron of S. Edmondsbury in Suffolk Since raised to a Dukedom by the same King This Town lies upon the River Ver 10 Miles from Hertford to the South-West The Old Town I shall speak of in its proper place Albarazin Albarazinum a City and a Bishops See in Arragon in Spain under the Archbishop of Saragossa Albasequia a City of Sarmatia in Asia supposed to be the Ampsulis of Ptolomy Albegna Albania Almiana a River in Tuscany which falls into the Gulph of Telamont Albemarle called by the French Aumale is a Town in Normandy in France near the Head of the River Bâ—ssine in the Confines of Picardy It is memorable for giving the Title of an Earl to the Noble Family De fortibus And of Duke to Edward Earl of Rutland after Duke of York Given with the same Title to the Loyal Wise and Valiant George Monk by Charles II. July 7. 1660. who died Jan. 3. 1669. It stands 14 Leagues from Roven East Alben Albins a Mountain of Carniola remarkable for Mines of Quicksilver § Also a River Alpis in Corinthia which runs into the Save Albenga a City and Port in the Republick of Genoua antient large handsom but not very healthful In 1175. it was burnt by those of Pisa Pope Alexander 3. made it a Bishops See in 1179. Titus Alius Proculus the Emperor was a Native of it § Over against it stands an Islet of the same Name Alberg a City and Bishops See in Jutland It lies not far from the Baltick Sea in 58. deg of Lat. Alberton a Town and Port in Barbary Albigeois a small Territory in Languedoc in France with a City in it call'd Alby This Province is divided by the River Tarn and very much taken notice of in Church-History for those great Oppositions the Albigenses its Inhabitants made long since against the Church of Rome Albila Mercë an Island made by the Nile in Aethiopia before it enters Egypt Albion the antient Name of Great Brittain New Albion See New Albion Albon a Territory in the Province of Vienne in Dauphine giving the Title of a Count. Albona Albonea a River in the Dutchy of Milan in Italy which passes by the Province of Novara to the Po. Alboran or Albusama Erroris Insula a small Island with some Villages in it and a Castle upon the Coasts of the Kingdom of Fez. Alborg Aeâ—burgum a City and a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Lunden in the Province of Jutland in Denmark upon the Bay of Limfort Alborno Alburnus a Mountain in the Kingdom of Naples mentioned by Virgil now call'd Monte di Postiglione and Montagna della Petina by the Italians Albret a City County and Dutchy in Gascony the Original of the late Royal Family of Navar. Albs the same with Savio a River of Italy Albufera Amaenum Stagnum a Lake in the Kingdom of Valencia in Spain Albula the antient Name of Tiber. Albuquerque a City and Dutchy in the Province of Estremadura in Portugal Alby Albia Albiga a City of Languedoc in France upon the River Tarn the Capital of Albigeois of great Antiquity Sometime an Episcopal See under the Archbishop of Bourges but by P. Innocent Xâ— at the instance of the present French King Lewis XIâ— translated into an Archbishoprick The famous Albigenses took their Name from hence § Also a small City in the States of the Duke of Savoy betwixt Annecy and Aix upon the declension of a Mountain Alcairo Memphis a famous City of Egypt seated a little above the Delta where the Nile is first divided it is call'd in Scripture Noph and Migdol Now wholly desolate Alcala Complutum is a City of the Kingdom of Castile in Spain seated upon the River Henarez It was heretofore a Bishops See but belongs now to the Archbishops of Toledo One of which Franciscuâ— Ximenius Cisnâ—rus Archbishop of Toledo and a Cardinal in the year 1517. in the time of Alphonsus Sapiens opened here an University it is 6 Leagues from Madrid and â— from Toledo Long. 17. 30. Lat. 41. 00. Alcantara Norba Caesarea Pons Trajani Turobrica a City of the Kingdom of Leon upon the River Tajo It is a small City and of late years has been sortified to preserve it from the Incursions of the Portugueze being but 3 Leagues distant from the Borders of that Kingdom It is ennobled by a Bridge built over the River of 670 foot in length and 28 foot wide which is generally attributed to Trajan it stands upon 6 Pillars This City was taken from the Moors by Alphonsus VIII Anno 1013. Alcay a fertile Mountain well inhabited twelve Leagues from Fez. Alcazar-Quivir the capital City of the Province of Asgar upon the Coast of Barbary Built by Jacob Almansor King of Fez. Taken by Alphonsus V. K. of Portugal in 1448. Alcazer-Zeguer a Town in the Province of Habat in the Kingdom of Fez upon the Streights Built by Jacob Almansor K. of Fez. Taken by Alphonsus V. King of Portugal 1458. Abandoned by John III. K. of Portugal in 1540. yet now under the K. of Portugal Alcmaer a Town in the Northern parts of Holland besieged by the Spaniards in 1573. without success Alcozar d'Osal Salacia a small City
Prince of the Empire Coisnon Coetus a River of France Colachz Araxes a River of Armenia Colalto a Town and Castle in the Marcha Trevisana in Italy dignified with the Title of an Earldom Colan See Coulan Colberg a Town or small City in the Dukedom of Pomerania upon the shoars of the Baltick Sea having a strong Castle at the Mouth of the River Persant six German Miles from Coslin to the West and three from Treptow to the East This Town was taken from the Swedes in 1641. by the Duke of Brandenburg after a tedious Siege and confirmed to him since by the Treaty of Westphalia The making of Salt here has rendred it considerable Long. 38. 12. Lat. 54. 20. Colchester Colonia Colcestria a considerable Town or City in Essex mentioned by Antoninus by the Name of Colonia Seated on the Ascent of a steep Hill upon the Southern Bank of the River Colne from whence it takes its Name It has had fifteen Churches within the Wall and one without which Eudo Sewer to Henry I. built in 1105. There is also a Castle built by Edward Son of Alfred The Inhabitants pretend that Helen the Mother of Constantine the Great was born and brought up here and that she was the Daughter of an imaginary King Coel who lent his Name to their Town Being fallen into great Poverty and Decay in the Reign of Queen Elizabeth She settled the Bays-Trade here which has infinitely enriched and peopled it It was first seized by the Royal Party June 13. 1648. then besieg'd by the Parliaments Forces till Aug. 28. following and forced to surrender by Famine when not contented to sine the Inhabitants 14000. l. to which the Factious contributed nothing they shot Sir Charles Lucas and Sir George Lisle to death under the Castle who were the Chief Commanders Many of the Churches also were ruined in the Siege which now stand as sad Monuments of Fanatick Fury and Rebellious Rage The Right Honorable Thomas Savage Earl of Rivers is Vicount of Colchester § There is another Town called Colchester in Northumberland Coldingham Coldana a small Town in Merch or Mers in Scotland in the South-East Part of that Nation famous for the Chastity of its Nuns in the times of the Danish Wars mentioned by Bede if the same with Cold-stream And no less famous for the Encampment of the late Duke of Albemarle there when with the Forces of Scotland he marched for the Redemption of England from Anarchy and Slavery Colebrook a Market-Town in Buckinghamshire in the Hundred of Stock upon the River Coln Coleshill a Market-Town in Warwickshire in the Hundred of Hemlingford upon the River Cole The Lord Digby has a Seat near this place Colford a Market-Town in Glocestershire in the Hundred of Briavells Coligni a Town in the Franche Comté adorn'd with the Title of an Earldom and giving name to a Family of Honour there It is epitheted Coligni the Old to distinguish it from Coligni the New in the Province of Bresse Some believe it was one of the Colonies that the Romans established amongst the ancient Gauls Colla◠a rich and trafficking Town of the Kingdom of Peru in the South America two Leagues from Lima to which it serves as a Port properly wherein a large Fleet rides in safety Colli a small City in the Dukedom of Florence in Italy with a Bishop's See under the Archbishop of Florence So called from its Situation upon a little Hill about fifteen Miles from Sienna Collo Ampsaga Alcol a great River in Mauritania now the Kingdom of Algier the Mouth of which is at Culhu in Africa Collorede a Gastle in the Province of Friuli in Italy giving its Name to an honourable Family Colmar Colmaria a City of Alsatia Superior which is the Capital of that Country It sprung out of the Ruins of an old Roman Town called Colonia Argentuaria and stands upon the Rivers Lauch Durus Fetcht and Illa two German Miles from Brisach to the West Once an Imperial Free City fine and strong but now in the Hands of the French who in 1673. dismantled it It is situate in a fruitful Plain Colmars Colmartium a strong Town in Provence upon the River Verdon eight Leagues from Digne to the East and as many from Sens to the North-East This Town suffered very much by Fire in 1672. Colme a River of Flanders which runs by St. Vinox Colne a Market-Town in Lancashire in the Hundred of Blackburn upon a little Hill § Also a River of Buckinghamshire which severs part of that County from Middlesex Colochina a Sea-Port-Town on the South of the Morea about ten Italian Miles South of Misiera or Sparta which gives Name to the Eastern Bay next Cape Matapan Colocza Colocia ad Statuas Colossas a City and Archbishoprick in the Kingdom of Hungary upon the Danube about ten Miles from Buda eighteen from Segedin This Town has been in a ruinous condition but being recovered by the Emperor from the Turks in 1686. it is hoped it may in time return into its ancient Prosperity Cologne Colonia Agrippina Colonia Vbiorum called by the Inhabitants Coln is an Archbishop's See in the Empire of Germany whose Bishop is an Elector yet the City an Hanse Town and one of the biggest in Germany sixteen Miles South of Maestricht The Name of Agrippina comes from the Mother of Nero who being born here sent a Colony to it as a Testimony of her Greatness It is not only a great and strong but a rich and populous City and lies in the Form of an Half-Moon upon the Rhine Therefore sometimes entituled the Rome of Germany They reckon 365 Churches great and small in it amongst which you see the Tombs of the three pretended Kings that vifited our Saviour in his Cradle by the Guidance of a Star Commonly called the three Kings of Cologne because of these their Relicks brought hither from Miban and to Milan from Constantinople as they tell you The famous S. Brunb the Carthusian was born here Divers small Councils have been assembed at it Pope Vrban VI. in 1388. erected here an University It was under the French from the Expulsion of the Romans to the Reign of Otho I. since when it has been under its Archbishops Of very ancient times it was a great Favourer of the Reformation And in the last Age two of its Archbishops embraced that Church The Learned Dr. Edward Brown has given it a noble Description in his Travels pag. 113. and to him I must refer the Reader Of the Election of the Cardinal of Furstemburgh to this See vide Bonne Long. 28. 31. Lat. 50. 55. Colomey Coloma a City of the Black Russia in the Province of Pokutiae upon the River Prat towards the Confines of Moldavia nine Leagues from Halitz to the South Having suffered very much from the Rebellious Cossacks it is now become a Village remarkable for nothing but its making Salt Colomiers or Columiers Colomeria a small Town in the Province of Brie in France
on the top c. but none comely or convenient yet are there footsteps of a better condition divers simple Roofs being supported by goodly Pillars of Parian Marble some plain some curiously carved and others broken in pieces to serve for Thresholds c. of almost every beggarly Cottage He tells us also Baldwin III. King of Jerusalem having in 1145. expelled the Saracens he in 1148. built here a Castle That there lives here a Sangiack That the Port is decayed and unsafe and of no great benefit to the Inhabitants There is here one ancient Church frequented by the Coptic Christians whether it be great or small he saith nothing but very rich it plainly is not This City was taken from the Kings of Jerusalem by Salladine in 1171. This and all Palestine was recovered back to the Christians by Frederick Emperor of Germany in 1228. Retaken by the Turks in 1234. It stands about two Miles from the Sea and was anciently very Illustrious as appears by its Ruines and Marble Tombs of which there are many The Castle is near the Town and has four Towers at each corner one it is kept in good order and has but a small Circuit and two Iron Gates hard by it is the Seraglio for the Bassa's Wives and not far off are the Ruins of a Roman Castle The Town is very little but has a Besestein a Market-Place in good Order and a pretty large Greek Church Without the Town are several goodly Mosques faced with Marble which I believe saith Mr. Thevenot belonged to the Old City Long. 65. 26. Lat. 31. 45. Gazaria the Peninsula to the Crim Tartars Gebel Caph. See the Mountains of the Moon Gebel Tarif Calpe a Mountain in Andalusia at the entrance of the Streight of Gibraltar which the Ancients called one of Hercules's Pillars Gebel Tor Melani Mountains in Arabia Petraea supposed to be the Sinay and Horeb mentioned in the Books of Moses they are said to extend from Petra Aelana a City of Arabia to the Red Sea at the distance of an hundred and eighty Miles from Jerusalem to the South called by the Arabians now Gibel Mousa by the Europeans who see them when they Sail upon the Red Sea Sinay See Eltor a City from whence they have the name of Gebel Tor. Gebelel Hadich Herculis Promontorium Phocra a Mountain and Promontory in the Kingdom of Morocco now called Cape Cantin in Lat. 32. 15. Gedrosia See Formipt Geetruydenberg Gertrudenberga and S. Gertruchii Mons a City in Holland small but well fortified called by the Inhabitants Guytrenberg or Geetruydenberg it stands in South Holland two Leagues from Breda to the North and three from Dort to the South-East upon the River Dunge This City takes its name from St. Gertrude who was a Daughter of Pepin King of France and for her great Sanctity in much honor in these Countries It is saith Guicciardin a considerable Place seated on the South Bank of the Mereuwe at the equal distance of three Leagues from Dort Heusden and Breda the Possession of it is now in the Prince of Orange but the Brabantines and Hollanders do both equally pretend to the Right of it The Hollanders surprized it in 1573 and divers times since it has been taken and retaken Gehan-Abad or Jehan-Abad See Delly Geichon Oxus call'd by the Arabs Ghaion Gihon Tihun and now commonly Gieihun or Gieihoun is a River of Persia it ariseth from the Mountains of Badachzan and running Northward through the borders of Balch it watereth the Cities of Termid Zemum and Chovarzim Also sometimes called Balch thus Gollius describes in part the Course of this River Our later Maps make it to arise from the Mountains of Caibocoran in the Eastern borders of the Kingdom of Persia to water Candahar and Belgis on the Eastern Bank Meder Thalan and Badaschian on the Western at which last it takes in from the East the great River Oboengir which comes from Balch by Vervalin and Talecan then turning Westward it takes in a River from the South out of the Desarts of Bigul beneath which it watereth the City of Bigul and so passeth to Bichend above which it takes in a River from the East out of Zagathay and beneath it on the same side another from the Lake of Vsbeck which passeth by Bochara and another on the South side from Mareuwe and at Deristan a great River from the South called Margab beneath which it falls into the South-Eastern Angle of the Caspian Sea at Zahaspan by four Mouths saith Gollius but our Maps take notice of but one Geila 1 River of Transylvania called by Jornandes Gilfil Geivise Astacus a Maritim City of Bithynia in the Lesser Asia now ruined it lies fifteen German Miles South-West of Nicomedia on the Helespont Gelas. See Galatia Gelderland Sicambri Geldria one of the Seventeen Provinces in the Low-Countries which has the Title of a Dukedom the Seat as all agree of the Old Sicambri This Province has on the North Friesland and the Zuyder Sea on the East Cleves on the South the Dukedom of Juliers and on the West Brabant and Holland It is a flat level Country without any Mountains much beautified with Woods and Forests abounding with all things especially Corn and yet as good for Pasturage and Grazing so that they fetch lean Cattel from Denmark and fat them here Three great Rivers water it the Maes the Rhine and the Wael Nimeguen in the Territory of Betawe is the Capital of this Dukedom besides which it has twenty one walled Cities and Towns and three hundred Villages This Country was first granted by Henry III. Emperor of Germany to Otho of Nassaw with the Title of Earl in 1079. Rainold II. the ninth Earl was Created Duke by the Emperor Lewis of Bavaria in 1339. Arnold XV. in the Descent sold this Dukedom to Charles Duke of Burgundy being offended with his lewd Son Adolph Charles another Son of this Arnold left it at his death in 1538. to Charles V. as Heir of the House of Burgundy This Country in 1577. all but a very few Towns revolted from Spain and joined with the States of Holland from which time till this they have maintained their Liberty only they were over-run by the French in 1672. But the next year recovered themselves again The City Gueldres or Geldre which some will have to be originally derived from the Gelduba of Tacitus took its name from an ancient Castle seated upon the River Niers four Miles North of Venlo and six East of Nimeguen where the ancient Counts or Governors of this Province chose their Residence by which means it grew to a fine City and being in the hands of the Spaniards was by them so well fortified that an attempt made upon it by Henry Frederick Prince of Orange in 1139. miscarried The Castle is esteem'd almost impregnable In 1627. the Spaniards of Venloo and Ruremonde attempted to bring the Rhine into the Meuse at this City But their design did not take effect § There
is also a Fort of this name built by the Hollanders on the Coast of Coromandel in the Kingdom of Narfinga on the Bay of Bengala in the East-Indies Geliboli See Gallipoli Geluchalat Mantiana a Lake in the greater Armenia Minadoio saith it is now called Astamar it receives eight great Rivers and sends none out of it and is eight days Journey in compass Long. 80. Lat. 40. Gelise Gelisa a River in Aquitain in France which washeth the City of Eusse and falls into the Losse which falls into the Garonne five Miles beneath Agen to the West Geloni an ancient People of Scythia Europaea Neighbours to the Agathyrsi described to fleay their Enemies and make themselves Cloths of their Skins Mel. Alex. ab Alex. Gemblours Gemblacum a Town in Brabant upon the River Orne in the Borders of Namur five Miles from Brussels to the South four from Charleroy to the East and five from Lovain This Town has a Monastery in it and saw a bloody Fight near it between the Dutch and Spaniards in 1578. Baudrand Gemen Arabia Foelix Gemona Glemona a small Town in Friuli under the State of Venice Gemunder a Lake in Austria Genamani an Island in the Red Sea on the Coast of Aethiopia called Gythites by the Ancients in Lat. 25. 20. Genep or Gennep Gennepium a fortified but small Town in the Dutchy of Cleves in Germany two or three Leagues from Cleves upon the River Niers which there falls into the Meuse It belongs to the Elector of Brandenbourg tho the Hollanders keep a Garrison in it too who retrieved it from the Spaniards in 1641. Geneva Civitas Genevensium Januba Genabum Jenoba is the most Eastern City belonging to the Allobroges or Savoyards which together with its Bridge over the Rhosne is mentioned by Julius Caesar in his Commentaries It is great populous well fortified and built with a good Cathedral and Arsenal the Capital of the Province of Genevois and seated at the West end of the Lake of Lemane on the South side of the Rhosne in that place where this River comes out of the Lake seventeen Miles from Lion to the East and twenty six from Basil to the South upon the borders of Switzerland heretofore a very famous Mart which is long since removed to Lion and a Bishop's See under the Archbishop of Vienna and an University founded by the Emperor Charles IV. in 1368. The French call this City Geneve the Germans Genff about nine hundred years since in an ignorant and an unlearned Age it was called Gebenna the Italians call it Geneura Mercator believes it built in the Year of the World 2994. in the times of Asa King of Judah by Leman the Father of the Germans there is no need of pretences which can never be proved Caesar's Testimony and the Roman Inscriptions that are found here are sufficient proofs of its Antiquity by the latter it appears this was a Roman Colony It was indeed the last Town Northward in the Provincia Romana according to the ancient Division of Gallia We should have had more Roman Antiquities than we have too if this City had not in the course of so many Ages suffered very much from Enemies and Fire In the Reign of Aurelius Antoninus it was almost all burnt which Prince contributed so much to the rebuilding and bestowed such Privileges on it that it was called Aurelia for some time from him but upon his death reassumed its ancient name In the irruption of the Barbarous Nations into the Roman Empire it suffered the same Calamities with other Cities something sooner as being nearer the Frontiers but then it met with an early Restorer in Genebald King of Burgundy About three hundred and fifty years since it was burnt twice in seven years It has had the Counts of Geneva and the Dukes of Savoy at all times the great Pretenders to the Sovereignty over it and has always defended its Privileges manfully against them In 1412. when Amadaeus Duke of Savoy endeavoured to obtain a Title to this City by an exchange Joannes à Petra Scissa then Bishop and the Inhabitants agreed that if any Person should consent to the Alienation of its Liberty he should be treated like a Traytor These and the like Traverses of their Neighbour Princes forced them in 1535. to enter into a League with the Canton of Bearn which was to last for ever the change of Religion having then heightned their Neighbours Rage against them In 1584. having suffered a very sharp Siege and a miserable Famine by the help of the Canton of Zurich they prevailed so far as to force the Duke of Savoy and their Bishop to renounce all their Pretences They reaped no less glory from their defeating the Nocturnal Scalado of Charles Emanuel Duke of Savoy in 1602. This City rejected the Ch. of Rome in 1535. Whereupon they applied the Revenue of the Bishoprick with the Tithes of the Territory of Gex to the maintenance of their own Ministry of the Reformation There has been a Roman Catholick Titular Bishop of Geneva ever since continued who resides at Anneci and with other the Titular Beneficiaries within this District obtain'd a Decree from the Parliament of Dijon Anno 1687. to be restored to their ancient Possessions But without success as for any effect it had upon the Government here who though they enter into no Alliance during the present War with the Confederate Princes yet stand upon their Defence against France The Preaching of Calvin Beza and Farellus the retreat of some English Protestants hither during the Reign of Q. Mary and of others in divers times from several Countries have distinguished the zeal of this place for the Reformation The Province of Genevois which derives its name from it is bounded by the Provinces of Chablais and Fossigny to the East the Rhone to the West and in part also to the North and with Savoy properly so called to the South There is lately published an exact History of this City by M. Spon and therefore I need add no more § The Lake of Geneva See Lemane Genezareth Genesara a Lake in Palestine between the Tribes of Zabulon to the West and the half Tribe of Manasseh to the East also called the Sea of Tiberias and Galilee which Lake is entered by the River Jordan at Capernaum and left at Sythopolis it is eighteen Miles long and seven broad on the Western Shoar stand Capernaum Tiberias and Bethsaida on the Eastern Corasain and Gersa The many Miracles our Blessed Saviour wrought upon and about this Lake have made it famous to all Ages and Nations Gengen or Giengen Rhiusiavia a small City in Schwaben near the Danube others say it is Rosenfield in the Dukedom of Wirtenburgh to which this ancient name mentioned by Ptolomy belongs The City Gengen lies between Vlm and Norlingen five Miles from each the second not above four Miles from Tubingen to the South but Giengen is not the same Town with Giesâ—ingen but lies about four Miles
which it sprung A Bishops See under the Archbishop of Regio from which it lies twenty seven Miles to the North-East Giera-petra Hiera-petra Hyerpytna a City of Candia or Creet which has a Castle and an Haven such as it is and heretofore a Bishops See it lies on the South side of the Island in the Territory of Sitia near Mount Malaura sixteen Miles from Setia to the West now under the Dominion of the Turks Giessen Giessa a small but very strong City in Hassia in Germany upon the River Lhone four Leagues from Marpurg to the South It was of late years made an University and is the strongest Town in this Province under the Landtgrave of Darmstadt in part and of Cassel in part Giffhorn a Town in the Dutchy of Lunenburg in the Lower Saxony upon the River Allere three or four Leagues from Brusnwick and a little more from Zell Gigel Gigeri Gigari Igiti a City of Africa heretofore a Bishops See but now a small Village in the Province of Bugia in the Kingdom of Algier twenty seven Miles from Algier to the East upon the Shoars of the Mediterranean Taken by the French in 1664. and afterwards deserted There was another City which Ptolemy calls Colops and placeth in the Province of Zeugitania which is now called Giger Giglio Igilium Iginium Egilium a small Mountainous Island in the Tyrrhenian Sea which has in it one Village and a Castle and belonged heretofore to the Republick of Sienna with which it came into the hands of the Duke of Tuscany It lies about a Mile from the nearest Coast of Italy between 34. and 35. deg of Long. in Lat. 41. 55. Gihon one of the four Rivers springing from the Paradise of Adam and Eve Gen. 2. 13. Josephus makes it the same with the Nile others with the Araxes See Nilus Gilan Gelae Gilania a Province of Persia upon the South side of the Caspian Sea which from it is often called the Sea of Gilan The chief City of this Province is Gilan and stands upon the River Abisirni twenty five German Miles from the Caspian Sea in Long. 90. 13. and Lat. 40. Gilboa a Chain of Mountains in the Holy Land extended the length of ten or twelve Leagues from the City Jezrael to Jordan along the Tribe of Issachar and the Vpper Galilee Famous in the Jewish History for the encampment defeat and death of King Saul and his three Sons here in a Battel with the Philistines and for David's cursing these Mountains with Barrenness for Jonathan's sake They are almost all covered with Stones Taking their Name some suppose from an ancient City Gilboa As at this time we are told of a considerable Town called Gilbus standing amongst them Gilead The Mount properly in the Region of Trachonitis in Palestine whereat Jacob and Laban passed a Covenant with each other Gen. 31. But afterwards extended to express the Cities and Country adjacent which were given by Moses to the Tribe of Gad Josh 13. 25. Gillesland a Tract in the North parts of the County of Cumberland from whence the Earl of Carlisle receives the title of Baron Dacre of Gillesland Gilolo an Island in the East Indian Ocean to the west of the Moluccaes and East of the Terra des Papaous in 165. deg of Long. It has four Points of Land shooting forth into the Sea as many different ways One about twenty another fifty Leagues Long. The Capital of it is called Gilolo also Gindes a River springing from the Martian Mountains of Armenia and ending in the Tigris In which course it retarding the passage of Cyrus's Army to the Siege of Babylon he broke it into three hundred and sixty Channels Gingi Gingis a great City in the Promontory of Malabar in the East-Indies which gives Name to a Province This City was heretofore under the King of Bisnagar but has now a Prince of its own it is very strong and has a Castle built upon a Rock The Province or Kingdom of Gingi has Bisnagar to the North the Gulph of Bengala on the East the Mountains of Malabar on the West and the Kingdom of Tanjaour to the South Gingiro a Kingdom in the Lower Aethiopia towards Melincle Zanguebar and the Eastern Ocean Ginopoli Gemanopolis Jonopolis a City of Paphligonia which is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Gangra It lies upon the Black Sea ten German Miles West of Carambis the most Northern Cape of the Lesser Asia Giordano Jordan Giorgiana Georgia Giovenazzo Juvenacium a Maritim City of Apulia Pucetia now Terra di Lavoro upon the Gulph of Venice between Bari to the North and Trani to the South welve Miles from the first and a little morefrom the latter In Long. 40. 50. Lat. 41. 12. This is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Bari It stands upon an Hill and is almost incompassed with the Sea Giovenco Juvencus Invectus a River of Italy in the Kingdom of Naples which falls into the Lake of Celano at the foot of the Appennine forty five Miles West of Rome in the Province of Abruzzo Heretofore it passed through the Lake without mixing with it but whether it passeth into any other River or is swallowed up by the subterraneous passages which carry away the waters of that Lake Leandro has not informed us Gir a River of Africa which rising in Biledulgerida not far from the Atlantick Ocean runs Eastward and passing under several Chains of Hills and Mountains at last falls into Nile above the Cataracts of Egypt It is a vast and wonderful River in all things and deserves a more particular description if the Counties through which it passes were so known to us as to enable us to give it Girgia See Hyrach Girigo Girgium a City of the Vpper Egypt near the Nile the Capital of a Province which takes its Name from this City betwixt Barbanda and the Sahid Otherwise written Girgilo Girmasti Caicus a River of the Lesser Asia which rising by a City of the same Name washeth Judai Pergama Caristo and Stinga then falls into the Archipelago over against the Isle of Metellino The City of Girmasti was of Old called Hierogerma and is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Cyzioeno called only Germa in the Councils being attributed by some to Mysia Minor by others to Phrygia Minor it lies between Balichstria to the East and Pergama to the West Giro or Palmacia Venaria a small Island on the Eastern Coasts of Genoua Girona Gerunda a City of Catalonia in Spain built by Gerion a celebrated Hero who is said to have lived Anno Mundi 2840. and to have been Contemporary with Hely the Judge of Israel It is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Tarragona of a large extent seated partly upon the descent of a Hill partly upon a Plain ennobled with two Bridges one in the City over the River Oingar and the other without the City on the North side over the River Ter and besides is very well fortified and honoured with the
a Market Town in the County of Suffolk in the Hundred of Risbridg not far from the head of the River Stower Havessen Cimmeriorum Populi a Province in Georgia upon the Caspian Sea as Ortelius conjectures from the Description of Haiton the Armenian But not being called by this Name by our later Travellers it can be no further described here Havre de Grace Portus Gratiae a strong Sea-Port Town in Normandy in France which has a well fortified Castle and an excellent Haven Seated at the Mouth of the Seyne in the Païs de Caux eighteen Leagues beneath Roan to the West fifteen from Caudebec and almost twenty from Dieppe to the South upon the Shoars of the British Seas over against Shorham in Sussex This Town was in 1563. put into the hands of Q. Elizabeth by the Protestants of France then ingaged in War against their King as a Cautionary Place a Peace was soon after concluded without any regard taken of that Princess or her Interest by those she succoured And not contented with this both Parties joyning against the English then commanded by the Earl of Warwick besieged the Town which being surrounded with Enemies without and wasted by the Plague within was forced in a short time to surrender to the French It is now one of the Keys of that Kingdom Haut-Combe a Village in the Principality of Savoy one League distant from Bellay where there is an Abbey of Cistercians and a remarkable Fountain which twice in an hour ebbs and flows Haut-Riue Alta-Ripa a Town in Languedoc upon the River Auriege Alburacis which ariseth in de Foix from the Pyrenean Hills and falls into the Guaronne four Miles from Tolouse to the South Haux Halla See Hall in Hainault Hawkeshead a Market Town in Lancashire and the Hundred of Loynsdale in a hilly and wooddy Country Hay a Market Town in the County of Brecknock in Wales in the Hundred of Talgarth La Haye Haga Com. See Hague Haye du Routol Haga Brotona a Village in the Forest of Routal in France La Haye en Touraine Haga Turonica a Town in Touraine upon the River Crausia Creuse ten Leagues from Tours to the South in the Confines of Poictou three Miles from Noyers to the East where the Creuse falls into the Vienne This Town gave Birth to des Cartes the famous modern Philosopher who died at Stockholm in Sweden in 1650. And it is besides remark'd with the Title of a Barony Hayâ—sham A Market Town in the North Riding of Yorkshire in the Hundred of Bulmer Haynan or Hainan an Island upon the Coast of the Province of Quangtung in China abounding with fine Woods Forests and Fruits and Mines of Gold and Silver It s capital City is Kiuncheu which with twelve other Cities lying upon the Sea Coast belongs to the Emperor of China whilst the inland parts remain under the possession of the Natives Upon the Northern Coast of this Island they find much Pearl Hayne See Haisne Haynburgh by corruption Hamburgh Comagenum a small Town in the Lower Austria on the Confines of Hungary upon the Danube six German Miles from Vienna to the East and three from Presburg West near which are the Mountains of Kâ—â—nberg called heretofore Comagenus Mons. This Town is remarkable for nothing but its Antiquity having been a Roman Town Hea a Province of the Kingdom of Morocco in Barbary bounded by the River Ecifelmeli to the East the Mountain Atlas to the South and the Ocean to the North and West Headon or Heydon an antient Borough Town in the East Riding of Yorkshire in the Hundred of Holderness upon a small River near its fall into the Humber and a few Miles East of Hull whose rise has occasioned the decay of this place It has the Election of two Parliament Men. Hebal or Ebal a Mountain of Palestine in the Tribe of Ephraim from whence Joshua pronounced a multitude of Curses upon the Violaters of the Jewish Law Some make it to be but a part of Mount Gerizim Hebrides the same with the Ebudae Hebron an antient and famous City of the Holy Land in the Tribe of Juda near to which the Patriarch Abraham did abide It was the Capital of the Country of the Philistines and afterwards taken by Joshua and given to Caleb his General David retiring to it after the death of Saul came to be elected King here and made it his residence seven years till the taking of Jerusalem It had the honour to be advanced to an Episcopal See when Christianity was re-established in Palestine but now almost ruined Hecatompylis a Name antiently given to the Cities Thebes Haspaam c. from their having 100 Gates Hecâ—a a burning Mountain in Island near the City Schalholt in the South part of the Isle The Natives call it one of the mouths of Hell It vomits Floods and Rivers of Fire like Aetna and Vesuvius notwithing its nearness to the Polar Circle Hegow Hegovia a small Territory in the Circle of Schwaben between the Lake of Zell or the Zeller Sea to the East and Schwartzwaldt or the Black Wood to the West not above six German Miles in length In part under the House of Austria and in part under the Duke of Brandenburgh Heidelburgh Edelberga Budoris Heidelberga The chief City of the Palatinate of the Rhine seated in a Plain at the foot of an Hill upon the River Necker which is covered here with a woodden Bridge This is a great well peopled place and the usual Residence of the Elector Palatine who has here a noble and magnificent Castle built upon an Hill It stands three Miles from Spires to the North-East ten from Franckfort upon the Main to the South and twenty from Vlm to the North-West Said to be a Fee of the Bishoprick of Worms and that it was granted to Lewis Count Palatine in 1225. by Henry Bishop of VVorms Robert Count Palatine afterwards Emperor in 1392. as Marquardus Freherus saith much enlarged it and joined the Village of Berghimb to it as a Suburb Rupertus Count Palatine in 1346. opened here an University and endowed it with great Privileges In 1622 this City was taken by the Spaniards and plundered and the Noble Library which the Princes Palatine had collected was sent to Rome In the long Swedish War it was taken and retaken several times till at last in 1649. by the Treaty of Munster it was restored to its former Master In 1688. October 25. both the City and Castle were surrendred to the French This City is supposed to be the Budoris of Ptolemy and was in ancient times the Seat of the Vangiones Heiden Heida a Town in Holstein Heidenheim Ara Flavia a Town in Schwaben Herâ—a Hela a Town in Prussia Polonica upon the Bay of Pautzkerwick almost encompassed by the Baltick Sea It stands four German Miles from Dantzick to the North burnt in 1572. by an accidental Fire but since rebulit Heilichlandt Actania Saxonum Insula a small Island belonging to the Duke of Holstein six Miles
Nations as Pliny saith was by Philip and Alexander his Son reduced first into one great and formidable body which spread its Conquests not only over all the rest of Greece but passing the Hellespont Alexander the Great overthrew the Persian Empire and became Lord of all those Countries between the Caspian and Euxine Seas to the North Mount Imaus to the East the Persian Sea Red Sea the Cataracts of Nile to the South the Desarts of Lybia and the Adriatick Sea to the West which Empire at his death became divided into four great Kingdoms whereof Macedonia was the least Philip of Macedon the two and twentieth King of the first Race began in the year of the World 3155. which ended in Alexander the Great in 3642. or thereabouts Cassander extirpated the first Family and began a second in 3648. which ended in Perseus XI in that Succession subdued by the Romans in 3789. But it became not intirely subject till the Turks first entered this Province under Bajazet their fourth King who took Nicopolis a Town upon the Bay of Thessalonica in 1392. The Conquest thereof was finished by Amurath II. their sixth King in 1429. by the Conquest of Thessalonica and all the other places in this Kingdom considered without Albania Now governed by a Turkish Sangiack under the Beglerbeg of Greece who has 8000. Crowns the year Revenue and finds in Peace only one hundred Horse for the defence of the Country in times of War four hundred All the ancient Cities are ruined except Thessalonica and Larissa Macerata a City in the Dominions of the Pope in the Marcha Anconitana which is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Fermo it stands upon a Hill near the River Chiento and is thought one of the best places in this Marquisate being therefore chosen for the Residence of the Governour Built about 410. as Blondus avers The University was opened here by Pope Nicolas IV. in 1290. restored by Pope Paul III. in 1322. united to this See for ever in 1586. It lies fifteen Miles from Loretto and the Shoars of the Adriatick Sea to the West There was a Synod here assembled in 1615. Machere Machera or Macheronta a Castle upon the River Jordain and the Banks of the Dead Sea in Palestine five or six Leagues from Jerusalem where according to Josephus S. John Baptist was beheaded by the order of Herod Machian one of the Molucco Isles Machynleth a Market Town in the County of Montgomery in Wales and the Hundred of Kyfilog Machlyes an ancient People that dwelt near the Magna Syrtes of Africa mentioned by Aristotle Maclena Cydarus a small River of Thrace which falls into the Black Sea a little above Constantinople Macoco a vast Kingdom in the middle of Africa towards the Vpper Aethiopia and the River Zaire the Prince of which has ten Kingdoms under him on the North he has the Kingdom of Muaco which is ever in War with him to the South-East that of Giringbomb This Kingdom lies two hundred and seventy Spanish Miles from the Kingdom of Congon to the South Jerome Lobus mentions it in his History of Ethiopia Mensol is the Capital City of it Macran or Makeran Caramania a Province of Persia towards the Indian Ocean and the Confines of Indostan which is a part of the ancient Caramania It has on the North Sigestan on the South the Indian Ocean on the West Caramania properly so called and on the East Sinda It is under a Prince of its own who is a Tributary to the King of Persia It s principal City is Macran and its best Port is called Guadel Macre a Gulph of the Mediterranean Sea betwixt Lycia in Asia Minor and the Island Rhodes said by some to be the Glaucus Sinus of Caria Macrobii the ancient people of the Island of Meroe in Aethiopia so called from an observation of their living to a great age Not but that this Name in the Writings of the old Geographers and Historians is communicated to the Hyperborei Macedonii and others where the same Longaevity occurred Macrocephali an ancient people towards the Bosphorus Thracius in the account of P. Mela so named from an observation that they had extraordinary long heads But Stephanus places them near Colchis in the Lesser Asia and Pliny in the neighbourhood of the City Cherasonda in Cappadocia Macuf Mosceus a River of Persia which falls into the Bay of Persia Macyn India Vlterior one of the Provinces of Asia called the further Indies or India beyond Ganges Maczua Orine an Island in the Gulph of Arabia near Africa over against the City of Mazzuan in 17 deg Lat. In the Maps called Mazuan and sometimes Macaria under the Turks since 1557. Madagascar Cerne Menuthias Madagascaria Delphina a vast Island on the Eastern Coast of Africa called by the Inhabitants Madecase by the French l' Isle de Dauphiné by the Portuguese S. Lorenzo by the English Madagascar and S. Laurence by the Arabians Sarandib Ptolemy calls it Menuthias Pliny Cerne Aethiopica It is near one hundred Miles from the Coast of Africa to the East and one of the greatest Islands in the World extentending from 1 to 25 deg of Southern Latitude but its breadth much less as not exceeding one hundred and thirty English Miles Discovered by the Portuguese in 1506. on S. Laurence's day There was no Cities in it the French have of late settled some Colonies on the Southern Shoars Stephen Flacourt a Frenchman has given a large account of this Island The Inhabitants are large of Stature exceeding black Warlike much addicted to Fishing great Eaters Nature has accordingly provided them with plenty of Cattle Fish Fowl Fruits and what ever is necessary for the life of Man which they use without Labour or Care regarding neither Silver nor Gold nor any thing but Beads and Bracelets for Ornament Musick and Dancing for their Recreation And the utmost Number they can tell is Ten. Herbert 'T is also related there is a mixture of Whites amongst them who being circumcised and using the Names of Moses Aaron Esther and the like may be thought to descend from the transmigrations of some of the ten lost Tribes of the Jews About two hundred years ago the Caliph of Meccha dispatched a Mission of Arabians hither to teach Arabick and the Alcaron which altogether missed not of its effect The Northern Provinces are yet unknown to the Europeans As for Capes Ports and Roads Rivers and fruitful Mountains Mines of Iron and Steel Precious Stones and Woods Madagascar hath them But no Mines of Brass Tin Lead Silver or Gold And the Natives are divided into divers Herds and Tribes under a Chief like the Tartars Madaura an ancient City betwixt Lambesa and Hippo in Barbary remarkable for being the Birth-place of Apuleius thence intiuled Madaurensis It had the honour heretofore of a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Carthage and likewise of an Academy of note at which S. Austin studied Maday See Media Madera an Island on the Western
took this City and was therefore called BRITANNICVS He made it a Roman Colony planting in it a Regiment of old Soldiers and ordered Money to be Coined with this Inscription COL CAMALODVN Cambden saith from this Money it is Collected this Expedition was in the twelfth Year of his Reign fifty two years after the Birth of Christ Certain it is this City soon felt the fury of the Britains under Boadicia Qu. of the Iceni who took and burnt it and put all the Romans to the Sword about the Year of Christ sixty three Yet the Romans rebuilt it as appears by Antoninus Edward the Son of Alfred a Saxon King finding it much ruined by the Danes repaired and fortified it with a Castle William the Conqueror had here one hundred and eighty Houses in the Tenure of the Burgesses and eighteen wasted In Mr. Cambden's time it was a well inhabited Town consisting of one Street of a Mile in length built on the ridge of an Hill and having a convenient Haven Now not only a Corporation which sends two Burgesses to Parliament but also made a Viscounty the thirteenth of Charles II. and given to the late Earl of Essex The Maleas are a People which live in the Mountains of Malabar towards the Confines of Coromandel near the Dominions of the King of Madura Amongst them there live many Christians of the old Conversion called the Christians of S. Thomas Maleg a River of the Vpper Aethiopia which ariseth in the Kingdom of Damut and receiving the River Anquet after a Course of eighty Leagues falls into the Nile in Nubia below the Province of Fasculon Malaguette Mallaguete or Managuete the Western part of Guiney in Africa called by the Dutch Tand-Cust by the French Cote des Graives about 60 Leagues long extending from the River Sanguin to the Cape of Palmes which Cape separates it from Guinea propria It hath the reputation of a considerable place for the Pepper trade First planted with some Colonies of French and afterwards by the Portuguese English and Dutch Malemba a Kingdom of Africa betwixt the Kingdom of Angola and the Lake of Zembre Malespine a Marquisate and Souereignty in Tuscany in Italy near the States of Genoua The same properly with the ancient principality or now Dukedom of Massa belonging formerly to the Family of the Malespini which since has been incorporated with the House of Cibo Malfi Amalphis or Amalphi a City in the Kingdom of Naples in the Hither Principato honoured with an Archbishops See and a Dukedom but little and not well inhabited It lies on the North side of the Bay of Salerno eleven from Salerno to the West and twenty two from Naples to the South The Emperor Lotharius II. in the War he undertook in the behalf of Pope Innocent II. against Roger K. of Sicily and Anacletus an Antipope mastered and plundered this City They pretend that here are the Bones of St. Andrew the Apostle brought from Judea about the Year 1206 and that the Seaman's Compass was invented here by Flavio Gioïa an Italian in 1300. P. Nicholas II. celebrated a Council here in 1059. in which the Dukedoms of Puglia and Calabria were confirmed to Robert Guichard the Valiant Norman for his Services in the expulsion of the Saracens Long. 38. 35. Lat. 40. 52. Malines See Mechelen Maliapur Maliapura a City on the Coast of Coromandel commonly called St. Thomas as being the place of the Martyrdom of that Apostle and an Archiepiscopal City written also Meliapor it was taken by the French in 1671. and deserted two years after Long. 108. 50. Lat. 13. 12. Malling West a Market Town in the County of Kent in Aylesford Lath. Mallorca See Majorca Malmesbury Maldunense Caenobium a Town built on the Western Bank of the River Avon the Capital of its Hundred on the Confines of the County of Glocester in the County of Wiltshire which took its name and rise from Maidulph a Learned Irish Scot who being highly admired both for his Piety and Learning erected here a School and a Monastery which Adelme his Scholar much improved becoming after his death the Tutelar Saint of Athelstane King of England who died in 938. after he had much enriched this Monastery by his Princely Donations this Adelme was the first who taught the Saxons the Latin Poetry No less honor is due to this Place on the score of William of Malmesbury a Learned Historian for the Times in which he lived which was about 1143. The Monastery thrived so well that at the suppression of it by Henry VIII its Revenue was above eight hundred and three pounds the year Whether its late Philosopher Thomas Hobbs has added to the Honor of this Place by being born here is left to the Judgment of Posterity The Town is now a Corporation represented by its Burgesses in Parliament and in a tolerable Condition by reason of its Clothing Trade It has six Bridges over the River being almost encircled therewith A Synod was held at it in 705. or 707. Malmugon Malmoe Malmogia a City in Scania in the Kingdom of Sweden called by the Hollanders Elbogon because it represents the Bent of the Elbow of an Arm. It was built in 1319. and has a safe Harbor over against Coppenhagen on the Sound In 1434. here was a strong Castle built by Ericus King of Denmark the first Encourager of lasting Architecture in this Kingdom In 1658. it first came into the hands of the Swedes in 1676. the Danes endeavoured the recovery of it by a Siege but without success they did the like the year following with the like event It stands four Danish Miles from Coppenhagen to the East Malpas a Market Town in Cheshire in the Hundred of Broxton Malta Melita and Island belonging to Africa in the Mediterranean Sea by some taken for the Place where S. Paul suffered Shipwrack in the Year of Christ 58. It s length is twenty Miles breadth twelve circuit about sixty which is its distance too from Pachyno the most South-Eastern Cape of Sicily one hundred and ninety from the nearest Coast of Africa Taken from the Saracens by Roger the Norman Earl of Sicily in 1089. And was under the Kings of Sicily till Charles V. granted it to the Knights of Saint John of Jerusalem now called Knights of Malta from it after they were beaten out of Rhodes in 1530 that he might the easier protect Sicily from the Incursions of the Moors In 1566 they began to build the Bourg or principal City after Solyman the Magnificent had in 1565. reduced the greatest part of the old Town into Dust by a Siege of five Months managed by Dragut his General with the loss of twenty four thousand Men spent to no purpose on this small Island There are sixty Villages in it and three Cities all seated at the East end within the distance of eight Miles which have two large Havens divided by a Rock on the Point stands the Castle of S. Hermes to defend the entrance
in the Province of Languedoo in the Territory of Givaudan upon the River Colange towards the Borders of Rouergne seven Leagues from S. Flour in Auvergne to the South and almost four from Mende the Capital of Givandan to the West some write it Marologium Maryland a considerable Country and Colony of the English in the North America in forty deg of Latitude Bounded with Pensylvania New-England and New York to the North with the Atlantick and De la Ware Bay to the East the River Potomeck which divides it from Virginia to the South and the Indian Territories to the West It contains ten Counties The Capital Town of all is S. Maries which is well built and provided with a convenient Harbour for Shipping Masandran Hyrcania a Province of the Kingdom of Persia upon the Caspian Sea which is called the Masandran Sea also from this Province as it was before the Hyrcanian Sea There is a City in this Province of the same Name Masano Massalia a River in the Isle of Candy or Crete Masay Misauci Pagus Mosanus a Canton amongst the Grisons called by the Inhabitants Maeslandt Masbate one of the Philippine Islands which is under the Spaniards Mascalate a City in Arabia Foelix about sixty Miles from the Shoars of the Persian Gulph which is the Capital of a Kingdom of the same Name Long. 85. 10. Lat. 24. 10. Mascate a City together with a Sovereign Principality on the South-Eastern Shoar of Arabia Foelix upon the Gulph of Ormus which has a convenient Haven and a strong Castle built by the Portuguese who for a long time were Masters of it but some few years since were beaten out by the King of Mascate Long. 94. 00. Lat. 24. 27. Mascon Matiscona Matisco a City of France in the Dukedom of Burgundy which is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Lyon and has a Territory belonging to it of the same Name It stands upon a rising ground upon the River Saone in the Borders of the Province of Bresse and it has a Stone Bridge over the Saone Eleven Miles saith Baudrand from Lyon to the North and Challon to the South Long. 26. 07. Lat. 46. 00. according to the newest Maps Le Masconois is a small Territory in the South part of the Dukedom of Burgundy to which it is annexed for ever whereas heretofore it had Counts of its own it lies between the Territory of Challon to the North Beaujolois to the South La Bresse to the East and Foretz to the West Maseyck See Maeseyck Masfa a City in Arabia Foelix in the inland parts three hundred Miles from Ormus and two hundred from Mascate to the West The same with that which was called of old Maspha as some think and now the Capital of a Kingdom of the same Name Long. 90. 00. Lat. 23. 00. Masham a Market Town in the North Riding of Yorkshire in the Hundred of Hangeast upon the River Youre Masiers Maderiacum a strong City in the Province of Champaign seated upon the East Side of the Maes which almost surrounds it about half a League from Charleville to the South-East four from Sedan to the West six from Bouillon to the North and fifteen from Namur to the South It is now in a thriving state Masotto the same with Masano a River in Candy Masovie Mazovia a Province in the Kingdom of Poland the Capital of which is Warsaw called by the Poles Mazowskie by the Germans Masaw and by the French Masovie On the East it has Lithuania on the North Prussia on the West the Greater Poland and on the South the Lesser Poland It is divided into four Palatinates which have their Names from the Cities of Mazow Ploczko Dobrin and Podlach This was once a separate and independent Dukedom which submitted to the Crown of Poland under Casimir the Great but continued under its own Duke till the year 1526. when upon the Death of John and Stanislaus the two last Dukes it was united under Sigismond I. King of Poland to that Kingdom Massa or Massa di Carrara Massa Carraiae a Town in Italy between the Dukedom of Florence and the State of Genoua great and well peopled lately adorned with the Title of a Dukedom it being also a small Sovereignty twelve Miles from Sarasana to the South-East twenty five from Lucca to North-West and three from the Shoars of the Tyrrhenian Sea Most famous for its excellent Quarries of Marble Massa di Sorriento Massa Lubrensis a City in the Kingdom of Naples in the Terra di Lavoro which is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Sorriento small and not much inhabited It stands twenty Miles from Naples to the South on the opposite Shoar of the Bay of Naples and about nine from the Town of Capri to the North-East Built in 1465. in a place of great height and natural Strength Massa Massa Veternensis a small City in the Territory of Siena in Italy within five Miles of the Tyrrhenian Sea thirty five from Siena to the South-West and twenty from Piombino to the North-East made a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Siena in the stead of Populonium a ruined City on this Shoar called Porto Barbato yet it is very small Built upon a Hill under the Dominion of the Duke of Florence The Dukedom of Massa is a small Territory between the States of Genoua to the West the Dukedom of Florence to the North the States of Lucca to the East and the Tyrrhenian Sea to the South under its own Duke who is of the House of Cibo whereas before it was but a Principality The principal places are Massa and Cararia which last though very small is a Marquisate and lies five Miles from Sarasana to the South thirty from Pisa to the North. Massagetae an ancient Scythian people Some place them about the Palus Moeotis and the Euxine Sea Others towards the Mountain Imaus and the Country now called Zagathai in Tartary They dwelt in Tents and sacrificed to the Sun Masserano Massoranum a small Town in Piedmont upon a Hill sixteen Miles from Iurea to the East and eight from Vercelli to the North. This is the Capital of a Principality under its own Prince who is under the Protection of the Pope He has Crevacore and some other places of small importance Masulepatan Musulepatanum a City and Sea-Port in the Hither East-Indies on the Shoars of the Bay of Bengala in the Kingdom of Golconda which has a convenient Harbour and a Castle heretofore in the hands of the Portuguese Mataca a Bay on the North side of the Island of Cuba in America where all the Spanish Galeons in their return to Spain touch for Water and where the Dutch defeated a Fleet of those Galeons richly laden in 1627. Mataman a Kingdom of Africa to the West of the Aethiopick Ocean betwixt Caffreria and the Kingdom of Angola and towards the River Verte Matan one of the Philippine Islands in the East-Indian Ocean where the famous Magellan some say died It
before the Popes Legate to answer to the disorders objected against him Mont le Herry a Town in the Isle of France upon a Hill with a Castle built in 1015 and a Chastellaine belonging thereunto together with the title of an Earldom near Paris by the banks of a little River falling soon after into the Orge In the Year 1465. Jul. 16. Lewis XI King of France and Charles Duke of Berry his Brother whom the Dukes of Bretagne and others of the Nobility had set up against King Lewis fought a very equal Battel here Mont de Marsan Mons Martiani the Capital Town of a Territory of the same name in the Province of Gascoigne in France upon the River Midon where it receives the Douse in an excellent soil for Corn. The Huguenots were Masters of this Town in 1569. before the Battel of Moncontour But the Roman Catholick Party forced it soon after See Marsan Mont Martre a Mount near Paris on the North side where there is a remarkable Abbey so called either from the adoration of Mars or Mercury in ancient times there as some or from the Martyrdom of S. Dennis and his Companions upon it as others say Montmelian a strong Castle in Savoy the only place the Duke had left him by the French in Savoy in the Year 1630. In vain attempted by the French in 1690 but taken the year after Montone Bedesis a River of Romandiola in Italy commonly called il Bedese or Ronco It springeth from the Apennine and running through the Dominions of the Church watereth Meldola and some other Castles then falls into the Gulph of Venice beneath Ravenna Montone Vitis a River in Italy which riseth out of the Apennine and watering Forli falls into the Gulph of Venice beneath Ravenna Upon the Banks of this River five Miles above Ravenna Lewis XII King of France slew eighteen thousand Spaniards in a set Battel in 1512. Montpellier See Mompellier Montpensier a small Town in the Lower Auvergne in France upon an Hill betwixt Aigueperce and Gannat adorned with the title of a Dukedom and Peerdom by K. Francis I. in 1538. It had formerly a Castle But this was destroyed in the Reign of Lewis XIII Lewis X. dyed here in 1226. Montreali See Monreale an Archbishops See in Sicily § Petra Deserti in Arabia has sometimes gone by this name and also a Town in Spain where Alphonsus VI. K. of Spain established the order of the Knights Templars Montrevil l' Argille Monasterium Argille a strong Town in Picardy in the County of Ponthieu seated upon an Hill two Leagues from Eastaple to the East upon the River Canche three from Hesdin to the West and the same distance from the British Sea It has a strong Castle belonging to it and two ancient Abbeys of the Order of S. Benedict for Men and Women Philip I. K. of France after his divorce from Queen Berthe his Wife banish'd her to this place where she dyed in the Year 1093. It is also called Montreuil sur le Mer to distinguish it from § Montreuil-Bellay a Town in the Province of Anâ—ou upon the frontiers of Poictou at the conjunction of the Touay and the Thon Montrose Mons Rosarum a small Town in the North of Scotland in the County of Angus twenty five English Miles from S. Andrews to the North-East upon the Mouth of a River which there falls into the German Ocean This place tho small deserves to be remembred on the account of James Graham Earl of it who did Wonders for Charles I. in the lowest of his Misfortunes and suffered Death for Charles II. with the same undaunted Bravery in 1650. Whose dispersed Limbs by the Order of that Prince were Collected May 11. 1661 and decently Buried in the Monument of his Ancestors and the Head of the Marquess of Argile his bitter Enemy set up in the same place where his had stood Mont-Saint-Marie Mons Sanctae Mariae a Territory in the Diocese of Soissons in France otherwise called Nostre Dame de Tartenois and mentioned by the French Geographers upon the account of two Synods there assembled in 97â— and 983. Montserrat a small Island in the North America in the Possession of the English so call'd by the Spaniards from the Mountain of that name near Barcelona in Spain it is about ten Miles long and nine broad in 17. Deg. Lat Monza a small Town in the Milaneze in Italy upon the River Lambro towards the Lake of Coma in a great Plain ten Miles from Milan The Emperors heretofore used to receive the Iron Crow here Mopsuestia an ancient City of Caramania in the Lesser Asia which has formerly born the honour of a Bishops See and likewise of an Archbishops under the Patriarch of Antioch Pliny Ptolemy and Strabo mention it A small Synod was assembled at it in 550. against Theodorus the Bishop of the place Now called Malmistra Morat Murat or Mourat Muratum Moratum a small Town in Switzerland in the Canton of Friburgh and the County of Romont two Leagues from Friburgh to the North and three from Bern to the West called by the Germans Murten it stands upon a Lake of the same Name In this place the Swiss first overthrew the Forces of Charles the Hardy Duke of Burgundy in 1476. then besieging it In memory whereof they in a Chappel upon the banks of the Lake advanced this Inscription Invictissimi atque fortissimi Caroli Ducis Burgundiae Exercitus Muratum obsidens contra Helvetios pugnans hiâ— sui Monumentum reliquit Anno 1476. Morato Tigris Morava Moravus Morus Marus a River in the Kingdom of Bohemia heretofore called Marus â—ow by the Inhabitants Morawa by the Germans Marh It ariseth in the Confines of Bohemia near Altstadt and bending Southward watereth and divideth the Province of Moravia which takes its Name from it and the City of Olmutz then in Austria falls into the Danube over against Haynburg five German Miles beneath Vienna towards Presburg Morave Moravus Margus Margis a River of Servia which ariseth in the Borders of Macedonia towards the Fountains of Orpheus and being augmented with many smaller Rivers falls into the Danube beneath Senderinum eighty Miles from Belgrade to the East There is another called by the same Name which falls into this beneath Nissa Which last is called Morava in Bulgaria to distinguish it from the former Moravia a well peopled Province in the Kingdom of Bohemia called by the Inhabitants Morawa Morawska Zemia by the Slavonians Mahren by the Germans Moravie by the French It lies between Silesia to the North and East Bohemia properly so called to the West Austria and Hungary to the South in the form of a triangle about forty five Leagues from East to West and thirty from North to South under the Emperor as King of Bohemia This was anciently the Seat of the Quadi a warlike People and the Marcomani It bore the honour for some time of the title of a Kingdom afterwards of a Dukedom and
then a Marquisate It now makes a part of the Kingdom of Bohemia and is supposed to take its name from the River Morawi Morave or die Mahr Morus or Marus arising near to Altstadt in Bohemia and joyning with the Danube at Haynbourg in Austria being the same River with the precedent Morava The Capital of it is Olmutz and the other principal Towns are Brin Iglaw and Znaim It is a fruitful and pleasant Country extremely well improved Morbiban Morbibanum a large Haven on the North side of the Lesser Bretagne in France seven Leagues from Port Lovis to the East and near Vannes Above thirty small Islands lye in the Gulph of this harbour The Morduates a Province in the North-Eastern Parts of the Empire of Russia towards the River Rha between the Czeremisses to the East and Wolodimera to the West It is a Country of great Extent and made terrible by its vast unpassable Woods and Forests More or Moore an Episcopal City in the County of Mayo in Connaught in Ireland Morea Peloponnesus a celebrated great and fruitful Peninsula of Greece of about five hundred and fifty Miles in circuit It s extent from Corinth in the North-East to Cape Sapienza in the South is one hundred and fifty Miles its breadth from Cape di Schilli to Cape Tornese on the West one hundred and seventy five Containing the Provinces of Romania Sacania Belvedore and Clarentia and the famous Cities of Corinth Coron Clarenza Patras Misitra Nauplia c. It s principal Rivers are the Orfea and the Iris or Basilipotamo Its Mountains Mynthe Stymphalis Pholoe Lyceus c. are mentioned in the Writings of the Ancients This Country was first intirely conquered by the Macedonians after the Death of Alexander the Great then by the Romans under L. Mummius about one hundred and forty six years before the Birth of our Saviour when Corinth the then Capital of this Province was intirely ruined In the later times of the Greek Empire it had Despotes or Princes of its own who were subject to the Emperors of Constantinople the last of which Thomas Palaeologus was driven out of his Dominions by Mahomet II. in 1543. Ever since it has been in the Hands of those Destroyers of Mankind But in 1685 the Venetians began the Reconquest and in 1687 were intirely possessed of it excepting only Malvasia by a wonderful Revolution And in September 1690. they recovered Malvasia also Moret Murittum a Town in the Territory of Gastinois in the Isle of France upon the River Loing adorned with the title of an Earldom A Synod was held there in 850. Morgaâ— Margus a River of Bactria a Province of Persia which springing from the Mountains of Chorazan and flowing through the Country called by their Name falls into the River Obengir which ends in the Caspian Sea Morin Muera a River of France in the Province of Le Brie which watereth Colomiers Coâ—lumbaria and Cressy then falls into the Marne beneath Meaux this is called the Great Morin to distinguish it from another which falls into the Marne in the same Province beneath La Ferte sous Jovare to the West of Meaux Morini a People of Gallia Antiqua mentioned by Pliny and Virgil. The latter styles them Extremique hominum Morini c. It is supposed with greatest probability that they dwelt in the now Dioceses of S. Omer Boulogne and Ypres Morlaix Morlaeum Mons relaxus a City in the Province of Bretagne upon a River of the same Name which has a Harbor on the North Shore of that Province It stands about two Leagues from the British Sea and forty from Rennes to the West over against Plymouth There is â— Fort built to secure the Passage of the River in an Island of the River The Town stands upon an Hill betwixt two Plains and shows the Ruines of an old Cittadel Mormandes Milmandra a River of France in Le Berry Morpeth a considerable Market and Borough Town in the County of Northumberland upon the River Wensbeck The Capital of its Ward fortified with a Castle returning two Members of Parliament and giving the Title of Viscount to the Earl of Carlisle Mortagne Moritania a small Town in the Territory of Tournaysis in Flanders at the Confluence of the Rivers Escaut and Scarpe towards Valenciennes two or three Leagues from Tournay It has formerly been fortified § Also a large handsome and populous Town in the Vpper Perche in France towards the borders of Normandy upon a Stream which there begins to form the River Huisne This Mortagne is now adorned with a Castle § There is a third of the Name in the Province of Poictou towards the Confines of Bretagne at the reception of the Loing by the River Seâ—â—re Nantoise Mortain Moritonium Moritolium a small Town in Normandy near the River Ardee towards the Confines of La Mayne betwixt Auranches and Domfront which by Henry I. King of England and Duke of Normandy was given with the Title of an Earldom to his Nephew Stephen Blois afterwards in 1135. King of England whose second Son william enjoy'd the same Title in the next Succession But William died without Issue This Town by ancient Custom in publick Processions carries a naked Sword in the place of a Standard Mortanâ— Mortana a River in Lorain Mortara or Mortare Mortaria Pulchra Sylva a strong great populous Town in the Dukedom of Milan upon the River Gogna four Miles from Vigevano to the North-West ten from Novara to the South-East and twenty four from Pavia to the West Anciently called Bella or Pulchra Sylva the Beautiful Wood but upon the great Slaughter of the Lombards by the Forces of Charles the Great when he took Desiderius their King Prisoner in 774 it took the Name of Mortara which signifies Slaughter or Death This Town was taken by the French in 1658. and put under the Duke of Modena In 1660. it was upon a Peace restored back to the Spaniards It is the Capital of the Territory of Lumellina Le Moruan Morundia Morvinus tractus a mountainous Tract or Territory in the Dukedom of Burgundy of small extent and its Limits not well known Mor Verridh the Welsh name of the Irish Sea Mosa the Meuse See Maes Mosambich Mosambica a City of Zanguebar on the Eastern Coast of Africa in an Island near the Continent at the Mouth of a River of the same name which there falls into the Aethiopick Ocean To this City belongs a strong Castle and a safe Harbour all in the Possession of the Portuguese Long. 63. 40. South Lat. 14. â—â— Moscow Moscoua Moschia the Capital of the Empire of Moscovy or Russia called by she Inhabitants Mosqua by the European Strangers Moscow by the Poles Moscouf by the Germans Moscaw One of the greatest Cities in Europe extremely frequented on the score of Trade and the common Residence of the Great Duke or Czar of Moscovy It stands upon a River of the same name which a little more to the East falls into the Occa or
or Wedge containing in length from North to South about forty Miles in breadth where it is the broadest thirty in the whole four hundred and sixty Parishes and only six Market Towns The Air is cold and sharp the Soil barren and rugged but much improved by the Industry of its Inhabitants and chiefly towards the Sea fertile The Bowels of the Earth are full of Coal Mines whence a great part of England â—s supplied with that Fewel The principal Places in â—â— are Newcastle and Berwick George Fitz-Roy a Natural Son of Charles II. was created Duke of Northumberland in 1674. Which Title had been once before enjoyed by John Dudley Earl of Warwick created Duke of Northumberland by K. Edward VI. in 1551. and beheaded by Q. Mary After the death of the said John the Title of Earl of Northumberland returned to the Percies in whose Family as it had heretofore belong'd to them from the Year 1337 when Henry Piercy Lord Constable possessed it under K. Richard II. and was succeeded in it by five of his Name and Family with little interruption so it continued till the Year 1670 when Joceline Piercy died at Turin without Issue Male. North-Curry a Market Town in Somersetshire upon the River Tone and the Capital of its Hundred Northwich a Market Town in Cheshire upon the River Dane which runs into the Weeve the Capital of its Hundred Its Salt-pits render it remarkable Norway Norvegia Nerigon Basilia is a Kingdom of great extent on the North-Western Shoar of Europe called by the Inhabitants Norricke and by Contraction Norke by the Germans Norwegen Heretofore esteemed the Western part of Scandinavia and called Nerigon as Cluverius saith it reaches from the Entrance of the Baltick Sea to almost the North Cape but not of equal breadth On the East a long Ridge of Mountains always covered with Snow called Sevones separate it from Sweden Barren and Rocky or overgrown with vast and unpassable Woods It s length is about one thousand and three hundred English Miles and two hundred and fifty its breadth Divided into five Provinces Aggerhus Bergensus Dronthemhus VVardhus and Bahus The Inhabitants traffick abroad with Dryed Fish Whales Grease and Timber Of the same Religion with the Danes and some of them enclined to Magick like the Laplanders The Glama is the only River in this Kingdom that is sufficient to carry Vessels of great burden In 1646. a discovery was made of a golden Mine near Opslow which was quickly exhausted Bahus was resigned to the King of Sweden in 1658. There depend upon this Kingdom several Islands as Iseland Groenland Spitzberg the Isles of Feroe and those of Orkney the latter whereof were resigned to James VI. of Scotland The principal Cities are Drontheim and Berghen This had Kings of its own from very ancient times but in 1326. it was first united to Denmark in the Person of Magnus III. In 1376. they became so united that they were never since separated Norwich Nordovicum Norvicum is a rich populous neat City in the middle of the County of Norfolk seated at the confluence of the Venster or Vensder and the Yare over which it hath several Bridges This City sprung up out of the Ruins of Venta Icenorum now called Caster in which not many years since was found a vast number of Roman Urns. When or by whom Norwich was built is not known it seems to be a Saxon City it was certainly the Seat of some of the Kings of the East-Angles In its Infancy Sueno a Dane burnt it in 1004. In the Reign of VVilliam the Conqueror it was besieged and taken by Famine Herbert Bishop of this Diocese contributed to its growth by removing the Bishops Chair from Thetford hither about 1096. In the seventeenth year of King Stephen's Reign it was refounded and made a Corporation The Castle is thought to have been built in the Reign of Henry II. Taken by the French in the Reign of King John In the Reign of Edward I. it was walled by the Citizens Henry IV. in 1403. granted them a Mayor Afterwards it began to decay till Queen Elizabeth sent the Dutch Stuff Weavers who sled over into England from the cruel Government of the Duke d'Alva hither whereupon it grew very populous and rich There was great need of this supply one Kett a Tanner of VVindham having almost ruined this City about 1548. in the Reign of Edward VI. The present Bishop of Norwich is the seventy first from Bedwinus of Elmham the seventy fifth from Foelix the first Bishop of the East-Angles who began the Bishoprick in 636. Long. 24. 55. Lat. 52. 40. This City being about a Mile and a half in length and half as much in breadth contains twenty Parishes well walled with several Turrets and twelve Gates for Entrance and so pleasantly intermixt with Houses and Trees that it looks like an Orchard and a City within each other It gives the Title of Earl to the Duke of Norfolk whose Palace with that of the Bishop the Cathedral the Hospital c. are the principal Ornaments of its Buildings Noto Netum Nea Nectum Neetum a City of Sicily of great Antiquity and at this time great well inhabited the Capital of the Province called by its name It is incompassed with high Rocks and sleep Valleys being seated on the South side of Iseland Eight Miles from the Sea fifteen from Pachy no to the South-West and twenty five from Syracuse to the South Il Val di Noto Netina Vallis the Province in which the last mentioned City stands is the second Province of Sicily and lies on the South side of the Island On the North it has Il Valle di Demona on the West il Val di Mazara and on the South the African Sea Notteberg Notteburgum a Town in Ingria in Sweden seated on an Island in the Lake Ladoga towards the Confines of Moscovy Called Oreska by the Russ A very strong Town by its Situation yet Gustavus Adolphus King of Sweden took it from the Moscovites in 1614. It takes its name from Nutts Nottinghamshire Nottinghamia is bounded on the North and West by Yorkshire on the East by Lincolnshire divided from it by the Trent on the South by Leicestershire on the West by Darbyshire It is in length thirty eight English Miles from North to South in breadth from East to West not above nineteen and in Circuit about an hundred and ten containing 168 Parishes and nine Market Towns The Air is good and pleasing the Soil rich Sand and Clay so that for Corn or Grass it may compare with any County of England it abounds equally with Wood and Coals and is watered with the Rivers Trent and Iddle besides several small Streams This County takes its name from its principal Town Nottingham Rhage a delicate pleasant Town seated on a high Hill full of fine Streets and good Buildings upon the River Line towards the South Borders of this County and about a Mile from the Trent to the West
middle between Tours to the North and S. Maxence to the South six Leagues from each Parthen Alisus a City of Pomerania towards the Shoars of the Baltick Sea under the Dominion of the Swedes near the River Bart two German Miles from the Borders of the Dukedom of Magdeburg to the East and four from Gripswald Partherberg the German Name of the Apennine Hills in Italy Parthia a Kingdom of the Ancient Persia established about the year of Rome 508 of the World 3808 two hundred and fifty years before Christ in the person of Arsaces from whom all the succeding Kings were called Arsacides and ended with the Death of Artabanus King of Parthia slain by Artaxerxes King of Persia about two hundred twenty seven years after Christ when it had enjoyed a Duration of above four hundred years It rendered it self sometime so puissant as to dispute the Empire of the East with the Romans Situated betwixt Hircania Media Aria Carmania and the Modern Province of Fars i. e. Persia properly so called A Country not at all fruitful yet nevertheless then inhabited by a fierce warlike indefatigable People particularly famous for a Dexterity in shooting one way behind them as they fled another Ptolemy reckons in his time in this Kingdom twenty five Cities whereof the Capital was Hecatompolis which is understood to be the Modern Haspaam in the Province of Hierach Arach or Erak-Atzem in Persia as that Province together with Khoemus and a part of Corasan are understood to comprehend now the ancient Parthia Le Partois Pagus Pertensis a Tract in the Province of Champagne in France between Champagne to the West and the Dukedom de Bar to the East towards the River Marne The principal Town of which is Vitri le Francois Pas a Town and Bailywick in the Earldom of Artois upon the River Authie which gives Name to one of the ancientest and best Families there It had heretofore a Castle and a Collegiate Church The Bailywick is of a considerable Extent adorned with the Title of a Barony and united to the Crown of France by the Treaty of the Pirenees Pas de Calais Fretum Britannicum the Streight between Calais and Dover Passage a Port Town in Biscay Passarvan a City and Port on the East of the Island of Java in the East-Indies betwixt the Cities Panarucan and Jortan towards the Cape of Balambuam Heretofore the Capital of a Kingdom of its Name there Passaw Patavia a City of the Lower Bavaria in Germany which is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Saltsburg of old called Batava Castra It stands at the Confluence of the Inn and the Danube by which it is divided into three paâ—ts called Paslaw Ilnstat and Innstat An Imperial and Free City but under the Protection of its own Bishop whose Revenue is about forty thousand Crowns with the Territory about it which lies between the Dukedom of Bavaria to the West and the Vpper Austria to the East having the strong Castles of Obernberg and Ebersberg standing in it This City suffered very much by a Fire of late in 1661 being mostly built of Wood Over against it lies Oberhuis the Residence of the Bishop That which makes this City most regardable is the Peace of Religion here Established by Ferdinand I. Emperor of Germany in 1552 whereby the free Profession of Lutherainsm in Germany upon equal Terms with the Roman Catholick Religion was declared and confirmed Passava a Fort in the Province of Laconia in the Morea upon the Cape Matapan near the Banks of the Bay of Colochina taken and demolished by General Morosini in 1685 because of a narrow Passage hard by where a handful of Men might make head against an Army Passo di Cane Climax a Mountain of Phoenicia twenty Miles from Tripoli to the South Pastrana a Town in Old Castile upon the River Taio thirteen Miles from Madrid to the East and eighteen from Toledo Honored with the Title of a Dukedom Pata a City and Kingdom upon the Borders of Zanguebar in Africa Les Patagons Patagones a People of Magellanica near the Shoars of the North Sea towards Brasil This County was first discovered by F. Magellane and yet not much known Patane Patana a City and Kingdom in the Further Indies under the King of Siam and near the Kingdom of Malaca in a healthful and fruitful Clime The City stands upon the Bay of Siam Les Patans a Mahometan People possessing the Mountains about the River Ganges in the Empire of the Great Mogul They heretofore dwelt toward the Kingdom of Bengale whence making a Transplantation of themselves into Delly they became so puissant there as to render many Princes and Places tributary to them But when the Tartars conquered India about the year 1401 being no longer able to maintain their Power or Residence in the open Country they took Refuge in the Mountains fortifying and abiding in them ever since Patay en Beausse Patavium a Town in Beausse in France seated five Leagues from Orleans to the North towards Chartres nine to the South Near this Place the French under the Command of John Duke of Alanzon got a great Victory over the English under Talbot the Terror of the French Nation Patera Patara or Paterea a City of Lycia in the Lesser Asia once called Arsinoe as Strabo saith it stands upon a Hill at the Mouth of the River Xanthus now called Il Scamandro eighty Miles from Rhodes to the East a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Myra Famous in the person of S. Nicholas who was both a Bishop and a Native here Apollo had an Oracle in this City in the Times preceding Christianity which observed to make its Responses the space of six Months in the year Pathmos or Patmos an Island in the Aegean Sea of signal Fame for the Banishment of S. John the Evangelist and his Writing the Book of the Apocalypse there Now called variously by Writers Palmosa and Petina Patras Patrae a City of the Morea in the Duchy of Clarentia of great Antiquity called by the Turks Badra and Balisbadra that is the Old Patrae as Leunclavius expounds their Name The Italians used to call it Neopatria It is an Archbishops See and now in a flourishing Condition Seated at the Entrance of the Gulph of Lepanto about seven hundred Paces from the Shoars of the Gulph of Patras to the East and ninety from Corinth to the West Chosen by Augustus for a Station for his Fleets and on that account much honored by him Under the latter Greek Emperors it had Dukes of its own till the year 1408 when the last of them resigned it to the Venetians not being able to defend it against the Turks When it came first into the Hands of the Turks I do not find but Mahomet III. received a great Defeat near this Place in the year 1602. Doria the Christian Admiral took it from the Turks in 1533. They then soon after recovered it but in the year 1687 it sell again into
born in this City It stands three Miles from Brisach to the West and two from Mulhuse to the North. Ruffec Rufeacum Roffiacum a small Town in the Diocese of Poictiers five or six Leagues from Angoulesme in France pleasantly situated and honor'd with the Title of a Marquisate Pope Clement V. before his elevation to the Pontificate presided at a Council here in 1304. There have been others celebrated at it in other times Rugby a Market Town in Warwickshire in the Hundred of Knightlow upon the River Avon Rugen Rugenlandt Rugia an Island in the Baltick Sea upon the Coast of Pomerania which has the Title of a Principality about seven German Miles square but the Sea breaks in and covers a considerable part of the middle of it from the West and almost divides it into several Islands This was caused by an Outragious Tempest in 1309. A part of this Island at the same time which lay to the South-East as far as the Isle of Ruden then conjoyned with this was torn away and sunk so deep into the bottom of the Sea that the greatest Ships may Sail over it what remains affords Corn and Cattle in great plenty serving as a granary to the parts adjacent The best Town in it is Bergen the others of note are Sogart Hick and Bingst This Island is able to Arm about seven thousand Men in case of necessity About 1066. it was subject to Buthen Son of Godescalck King of the Heruli Christopher II. King of Denmark in 1322. subjected it to that Crown VVratislaus IV. Duke of Pomcrania in 1325. becoming Heir of it by the death of VVizlaus the last Prince drove out the Danes and became Master of it after this the Danes regained the Possession of it Erick King of Denmark in 1438. resigned it the second time to the Duke of Pomerania and under them it was in 1630. when Gustavus Adolphus began the German War with the Conquest of this Island By the Treaty of Munster in 1648. it was confirmed to the Swedes In 1678 the Danes attempting to recover it out of the Hands of the Swedes received at first a great overthrow but in a second attempt in the same year prevailed and kept the Island till the Peace of S. Germane in 1679 by which it was restored to the Swedes who now have it The Christian Faith was first Preached in it by the Monks of Corby in Saxony in 875. They built a Chappel here for the Service of God which was after abused to the Pagan Idolatry till VVaidemarus a Dane about 1161 destroyed the Idol they Worshipped and thereupon they became generally Christians Rugoso the same with Rubicon See Pisatello Rulia Rhodope one of the greatest and best known Mountains in Thrace out of which the River Hebrus ariseth it stretcheth from West to East at this day little Inhabited the Turks call it Rulia that is the Queen of Mountains the Italians Argentario the Greeks Basilissa it divides Thrace and ends at the City of Apoâ—loma Rumelia See Greece Rumford a Market Town in the County of Essex in the Hundred of Havering Rumney a Market Town and Corporation in the County of Kent in Sheway Lath which returns two Members of Parliament § Also a River in Monmouthshire falling into the Severn Rumsey a Market Town in Hampshire in the Hundred of Kingsomborn upon the River Test Rupel Rupera Rupela a small River in the Dukedom of Brabant made by the Demera Dila Senna and Neth which falls into the Scheld at Rupelmonde Rupelmunda a Town and ancient Castle in Brabant which has its name from the last mentioned River between the Scheld and Rupel two Miles from Antwerp to the South Mercator the great Geographer was born in this Town in 1512. Ruremond See Roermond Russ Vrsa a River in Switzerland which ariseth from the Alpes and Mount S. Godard and running Northward by Altorff and the Lake of Lucern watereth the City of Lucern and being improved by some smaller Rivers finally buries it self in Aa Russe Rusna a River of the Ducal Prussia which has been call'd Chronus It ariseth in Lithuania where it is called Niemen and entertaining the Sezara and Vilia it watereth the Southern parts of Samogitia after which it takes the name of Russe and at last ends in the Bay of Memel by five Out-lets having watered Grodno and Kowna two considerable Cities of Poland in his Progress Russia a vast Country in the North-East part of Europe called by the Inhabitants Rusz by the Germans Russandt by the English Russia and Muscovy by the Poles Moskwa and Russenlandt by the Turks Russ to the Ancients known by no other name than that of Sarmatia Europaea It is bounded on the North by the frozen Ocean on the East it is separated from the Asiatick Tartars by the Rivers of Obb and Jaickz on the South it is divided from the Crim Tartars by the Tanais Minor or the Donetz as it is now called on the West the Nieper and Narva divide it from Poland It s length from North to South is three hundred and eighty German Miles its breadth from East to West three hundred of the same So that it is by far the greatest Kingdom in Christendom if it were equally Civiliz'd Fertil and Peopled as it is not For the dispatch of Business and the Management of Affairs it is divided into forty Provinces the names of which and of about thirty three Cities that are to be found in it would take more room than this small Work will allow This Nation in 861. made an Invasion into Greece and besieged Michael the Emperor in Constantinople but could not take it The Captives they carried home with them and made them partakers of a greater blessing by teaching them the Christian Religion which was after this in 866. promoted by Bâ—siâ—ius the Emperor In 944. they made a second attempt upon Constantinople which miscarried also In 980. Viodomir Duke of Russia Marrying Anna Daughter to Basilius Emperor of Greece embraced the Christian Religion and settled it intirely in this Country from whence it comes to pass that they embrace the Tenets Rites and Ceremonies of the Greek Church and have the utmost Aversion for the Latin Church and Service About 1058. Boleslaus King of Poland Conquered Russia which was reduced to obedience after a Revolt by another Boleslaus in 1123. In after-times they had frequent Wars with the Poles who prevailed so far as about 1342 they intirely Conquered the red Russia the Nobility of which in 1434 were received into the same state with the Nobility of Poland allowing them at the same time the Exercise of the Greek Religion which they from their first Conversion to this day follow They are as well by Interest as Conquest united to that Crown and never to be separated from it but by another Conquest About 1205. the black Russia now called Muscovy was Invaded by Batton Son of Ghangius King of the Tartars who lived to the North-East of this Country
entered upon the See by the Regal Authority against the Consent of the Metropolitan and the Bishops of the Province which Decree drew upon the Authors of it a fevere Prâ—secution from the Crown Saintonge or Xaintonge Santonia a great and fruitful Province of France bounded on the North by Poictou on the East by Angoumois on the South by the Garonne which separates it from Guienne and on the West by the Bay of Aquitain This was the Seat of the Santones an ancient Nation of the Galls its Capital is Saintes the other Cities of Note are Brouges S. Jean de Angely and Taillebourg The Rivers Garonne Charante Seudre c. water it They make great quantities of Salt in this Province The Romans had their Colonies in it who often deride the short Cloaks or Gowns worn by the ancient Gauls here as Martial Gallia Santonico vestit te Bardocucullo Cercopithecorum penula nuper erat The same habit towards the Sea Coasts is in use with the common People to this day This Province fell to the Crown of England together with Gascoigne Guienne c. by the Marriage of Eleanor of Guienne with K. Henry II. of England Sala the same with Saal Salado Salsum a River of Spain in Anddlusia called Guadajox which between Sivil and Corduba falls into the Guadalquivir Salamanca Salmantica a City in Spain called Vrbs Vettonum by Ptolemy and perhaps the same with Polybius his Elmantica it stands in the Kingdom of Leon upon the River Tormes a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Compostella and an University founded by Alfonsus IX King of Leon in the year 1200 which is one of the most considerable in that Kingdom adorned with noble Schools and a large Library About ten Leagues from Zamora to the South fourteen from the Borders of Portugal to the East and two and twenty from Valladolid to the South-West upon several Hills in a very unequal Situation of a small circuit ill built worse repaired most of the Houses being falling down and besides its Churches Monasteries and Colleges has nothing that deserves Regard Long. 14. 45. Lat. 41. 15. Salamis Salamine an ancient Archiepiscopal City in the Island of Cyprus which boasted of the honour of having its Church founded by the Apostle S. Barnabas whose Body was discovered to lye here in 485. It afterwards took the name of il Porto Costanzo or Constantia The Philosopher Anaxarchus suffered in this City the pounding to death in a mortar by the order of Nicocreon King of Cyprus with a singular constancy It is now utterly ruined Salamis an Island See Coluri Saâ—andra Salandrilla or Aâ—alandra a River in the Basilicate in the Kingdom of Naples passing by Risetto and thence called also Piume di Rosetto to the gulph of Taranto Salawar Zalawar or Zalad a County in the Lower Hungary upon the Borders of Stiria with the Drave to the South and the County of Vesprin to the North. Kanisa stands in this County upon the River Sala But the Capital Town of it bears the same name of Salawar Sale Sala a City ascribed in ancient time by Ptolemy to Mauritania Tingitana seated at the Mouth of a River of the same Name on the Shoars of the Kingdom of Fez on the Atlantick Ocean A place of great Trade and has a noble Habor but it is an infamous Nest of Piratâ— It was heretofore a Common-Wealth now under the King of Fez who is Master of the Castle It stands one hundred Miles from Fez to the West and Tangier to the South Almanesor one of the Moorish Kings much beautified it and was after buried in it The Spaniards took it in 1287 who lost it in ten days again in 1632. King Charles I. sent a Fleet against this City which blocked it up by Sea whilst the King of Morocco besieged it by Land and by this means brought it under the Works being levelled and those Rogues Executed for which King Charles had three hundred Christian Captives sent him as a Recompence a Reward worthy of that Holy King Long. 6. 40. Lat. 33. 50. Sale the same with Saal Sale Sala a River in Quercy a Province of France Sale Sala a Province of the Kingdom of Bosnia Salefica Saleucia a City in Cilicia in the Lesser Asia which is a Bishops See under the Patriarch of Antioch It stands seventy Miles from Tarsus to the West and twelve from the Shoars of the Mediterranean Sea to the North called by Niger Seleschia Long. 64. Lat. 38. 40. Salentini the ancient Inhabitants of Terra di Otranto in the Kingdom of Naples in the Roman times Salerno Salernum Salerna a City in the Kingdom of Naples which was a Roman City and Colony called by Strabo and Livy Vrbs Picentinorum Now an Archbishops See a Principality and the Capital of the Hither Principato It stands upon the River Busanola upon the Shoars of the Tyrrhenian Sea upon which it has a Bay called by its own Name and a safe and large Haven twenty four Miles from Naples to the South-East and thirty from Benevento to the South Long. 38. 44. Lat. 40. 33. This Archbishoprick was founded by Pope Boniface VII in 974. The Body of S. Matthew the Apostle is said to be in this Place Pope Gregory VII died here in 1085. It has a Castle and many Antiquities which are the Remainders of the Roman Works When Naples had distinct Kings the Title of this place belonged to the eldest Son of that Kingdom In the years 1615. and 1579. there were two small Councils held at it Salettes a Carthusian Nunnery of great note and quality upon the frontiers of Dauphine in France toward la Bresse Salfeâ—â—d an Abbey in Thuringia in Germany Salii an ancient People of Provence in France who as we find in Strabo Mela c. extended themselves from about Aix as far as to Nice § There was another Nation of the Salii in the Tract now called Sallant from them in Overyssel in the Low Countries Saline Didyme one of the Liparee Islands belonging to Sicily twelve Miles in circuit and fruitful in Allum Near this place the Dutch received a great Defeat from the French at Sea in 1676. Baudrand The Italians call it Didimo Salino Suinus a River in the Kingdom of Naples which springeth out of the Apâ—â—hine and â—inning through the Further Abruzzo watering Pennâ— a City of that Province and Pescara falls into the Gulph of Venice Salingstede Salinâ—stadium a Town in Franconia upon the Maine four Miles above Franck fort to the East By Charles the Great made a Bishap's See but in 780 this Chair was removed to Hailbâ—une It was then a very great City since become subject to the Bishop of Mentz Salins Salinae a strong City in the Franche Comté upon the River Forica eight Loagues from Dole to the East and fifty eight from Geneva to the North. It is seated in a fruitful Valley betwixt two Mountains called Scoding which has been the reason why this City in the Latin
Territory of Padoua in Italy Sclavonia the Southern Province of the Lower Hungary called by the Italians Schiavonia by the Germans die Sclavinien by the Poles Slovienska Ziemia The middle Ages under this Name comprehended Illyricum Dalmatia Croatia Bosnia and this which is now called Sclavonia On the North it has the Drave a great River which parts it from the Lower Hungary on the East the Danube on the South the Save which divides it from Croatia Bosnia and Servia and on the West Carniola and Stiria The length of it from the Town of Kopranitz in the West to the fall of the Drave into the Danube in the East is fifty German Miles its breadth from the Drave to the Save twelve This Country was first possessed by the Pannonians after that by the Goths about 386 who were Conquered by the Sclaves about 550. About 1200. these People became Tributaries to the Kings of Hungary About 1544. this Country was first subdued by Solyman the Magnificent In 1687. after the Battel of Mohats the Turkish Army mutining against the Prime Vizier all this Country except Gradisca submitted to the Emperor the Turks deserting it without any blows The German̄s upon their return were very well pleased with the Fertility of it The Chief Towns in it are Gradisca Esseck and Possega which is the Capital City The Inhabitants are great lovers of War and pray for nothing more earnestly than that they may die with their Arms in their Hands Scodra a City of Illyricum attributed by Livy and Ptolemy to Dalmatia and in those times the Seat of the Kings of Illyricum Now the Capital City of Albania and a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Antivari great and populous it stands upon the River Boiana Barbana twenty four Miles from the Adriatick Sea and eighty from Ragusa to the North East Twice besieged by the Turks under Mahomet II. without success and in 1478. resigned to them for a Peace by the Venetians The Inhabitants call it Scadar the Turks Iscodar and the Italians Scutari The Lake Labeatis out of which the Boiana Springs takes the name now of the Lake of Sclitari Long. 44. 20. Lat. 42. 24. Scone Scona a celebrated Abbey in the County of Perth upon the Tay three Miles from S. Johnston to the North West in which the Kings of Scotland for many Ages were Crowned Scopia Scapi a City of the Vpper Moesia and the Capital of Dardania in the Borders of Macedonia in the times of Ptolemy now called Scopia by the Italians and Vschub by the Turks It is a great populous City in Servia an Archbishop's See and the Seat of the Sangiack of Servia feated in a fruitful Plain upon the River Vardar over which it has a Stone Bridge of twelve Arches one hundred Miles from Thessalonica to the North-West ten from Sophia to the West and about the same distance from Giustandil to the South The River upon which it stands falls into the Bay of Thessalonica Scotland Scotia is the second Kingdom in Great Britain called by the French l' Escosse by the Italians Scotia by the Germans Schottlandt On the East it is bounded by the German Ocean on the North by the Deucalidonian Sea and the Isles of Orkney on the West by the Vergivian Ocean and the Irish Sea on the South by the River Tweed the Cheviot Hills and the adjacent Tract to Solway Sands whereby it is separated from England Solway Fyrth lies in deg 56. of Latitude and the most Northern point lies in 60 30. by which it should be three hundred and fifteen English Miles in length Polydore Virgil reckons four hundred and eighty its breadth is no where above sixty and its form Triangular with many great Inlets and Arms of the Ocean which indent both the Eastern and Western sides of it The Soil especially towards the North is generally barren affords little Timber and no Fruit Trees The Southern parts are more fruitful the Air in both sharp and cold It is divided into two parts the Southern and the Northern by Dunbritain and Edenburgh Fyrth The South part called the Low-Lands is fuller of Cities and great Towns the People are more rich and better civilized as not only Inhabiting a better Country but driving a Trade at Sea The Northern or High-Lands are more barren and poor the Inhabitants accordingly patient of want and hunger and very temperate in their Diet without which Virtues they could not subsist South Scotland is divided into twenty one North Scotland into thirteen Counties For the Ecclesiastical Government they have two Archbishops S. Andrews who has eight and Glascow who has three Suffragan Bishops under him In the times of the Romans this Country was called Caledonia and Albania the People Picts from their custom of Painting their Bodies The Romans never extended their Conquests beyond the South of Scotland because they thought the Northern and barrener parts not worth their pains The remaining Inhabitants after the withdrawing of the Roman Garrisons from the Northern parts of Britain became very troublesome to the Britains and forced them to call in the Saxons about 449 who Conquered the South parts of Scotland and possess it to this day The Scots or Irish about the same time entered the Western parts of Scotland and by degrees united first with the Picts or Highlanders by their assistance Conquered the Saxons and gained the Sovereignty of that whole Kingdom But there being no Letters here the Story of these times is very dark which has occasioned great Controversies concerning the time of the Scots coming out of Ireland About 839 the Picts were intirely subdued by Kenneth II. first sole King of all Scotland This Line continued under twenty three Princes to 1285. When Alexander III. dying without Issue there began a tedious and bloody contest about the Succession which was referred to Edward I. of England who adjudged the Crown to John Baliol an Englishman He Rebelling against his Benefactor was defeated by that Prince who following his blow made himself Master of Scotland and kept it to his death In 1307. Robert Bruce the other Competitor overthrew the English established himself King of Scotland and Reigned till 1332 when the Kingdom divided again between Edward Baltol and David Bruce which latter prevailed at first against his Competitor but fell under the power of the English where he was many years a Prisoner In 1371. Rob. II. Surnamed Steward descended from the eldest Daughter of David Bruce succeeded In 1602. James VI. the ninth in this Line succeeded after Queen Elizabeth to the Crown of England as Descended both by Father and Mother from Margaret the eldest Daughter of Henry VII King of England the whole Line of Henry VIII being extinguished The Christian Religion was Planted here by different Persons and at several times The Saxon Scots were Converted by Aidan the first Bishop of Lindisferne about 635. The South-Eastern by Nimas Bishop of Candida Casa or White Herne about 555. The Highlanders or
Course piece of Cloth with a fine List Besides the Thames here is the VVay the Mole and the Wandle whose head springs from Croydon all emptying themselves in the Thames It has many Noble and Princely Houses but few Towns or Places of any considerable greatness the Principal Town in it being Kingston upon Thames The Regni an old British Tribe were the first Inhabitants of this County In the times of the Saxon Heptarchy it was a part of the Kingdom of the South Saxons The first Earl of it was VVill. de VVarren Created by VVilliam the Conqueror in 1067. VVilliam the third of this Line succeeded in 1135. who was followed by VVilliam de Blois Son of King Stephen first Husband of Isabel de VVarren in 1148. and by Hameline Plantagenet base Son of George Earl of Anjou half Brother to Edward III. second Husband of the said Isabel in 1163. His Posterity enjoyed it in four descents till 1347 when the Male Line failing Richard Fitz Alan Lord Treasurer was Earl of Surrey In 1398. Thomas Holland was Earl of Kent and Duke of Surrey afterwards Beheaded Thomas Fitz Alan Son of the former Richard died Earl of Surrey in 1414. In 1451 John Lord Mowbray was Created Earl of VVarren and Surrey and after Duke of Norfolk In 1475. Richard a second Son of Edward IV. was the thirteenth Earl of Surrey In 1483. Thomas L. Howard L. Treasurer after Duke of Norfolk was Created Earl of Surrey in which Family it is at this day Surunga a City and Kingdom in Japan in the Island of Niphon Sus Susa or Susum a Kingdom in Biledulgerida in Africa so called from a River of the same Name It is bounded on the North by the Kingdom of Morocco on the East by Darha on the South by Tesseta and on the West by the Atlantick Ocean Divided into seven Provinces the principal Cities in it are Tarudant the Regal City Teseut and Sancta Cruz. This is a pleasant rich fruitful Kingdom yields Wine Grain Fruits Pasturage Indico Alum c. has a great Quantity of Gold which is a perpetual cause of War amongst them and many Castles and Villages well fortified by the Natives since the Portuguese abandoned this Country in the last Century Now subject to the Kingdom of Fez tho it has been a distinct Kingdom and the Inhabitants are for the most part Mahometans and some of the best Soldiers in Africa Susa one of the principal Cities in the Principality of Piedmont upon the Doria at the foot of the Cottian Alps which separate Piedmons from Dauphine and the Capital of a Marquisaâ—e of its own Name belonging to the Duke of Savoy but taken by the French Forces under Monsieur Cattinat November 1690. Nineteen Miles from Pignerol The French call it Suse This City shews an Inscription upon a Triumphal Arch from which Learned Men conclude that the Emperor Augustus erected his Trophy hereabouts for the Conquest of the Alpine Nations in the year of Rome 740 fourteen Years before our Saviour For tho others place that Trophy about the Foot of le Col de Tende or the Maritime Alpes near Nice and Monaco from a part of the words Gentes Alpinae Devictae seen there upon a Fragment of a stone yet these two Opinions are reconcilable by supposing that Augustus set up this Trophy at the foot of both the Maritime and Cottian Alpes for the greater glory § Susa was also the Capital of the ancient Country Susiana in Asia at the entrance of a spacious Plain which the River Choaspes watered The Kings of Persia used to pass the Spring at it Darius repaired it says Pliny Alexander the Great took it It is now in a flourishing state if the same Souster See Souster Susdal Susdalia a City of Muscovy the Capital of a Province of the same Name and a Bishop's See under the Archbishop of Rostow It stands eighty Miles from Moscow to the South-East and one hundred and thirty from Novogorod Nisi to the North-West Susiana an ancient Country of Asia betwixt Syria Persia and Chaldaea whereof Susa was the Capital City and Melitene one considerable Province It had the honour to be a Kingdom which after the death of Abradatus King of Susiana submitted to the power of Cyrus Sussex Sussexia one of the Southern Counties of England Bounded on the North by Surrey and Kent on the East by Kent on the South by the British Sea and on the West by Hampshire It s Length from East to West is sixty Miles the broadest part from North to South not above twenty and its Circumference about one hundred and fifty wherein are contained one hundred and twelve Parishes with eighteen Market Towns The Air is good but subject to great Fogs and Mists out of the neighbour Sea which recompenceth this Inconvenience with plenty of Fish and Fowl There are few Harbors upon this Coast the Soil is rich and fruitful but the Roads miry and unpleasant the Middle of the Country has excellent Meadows the Sea-coasts are Hilly but afford plenty of Corn and Grass the North-side full of Woods and Groves The principal River is Arun. The chief City in it is Chichester which is a Bishop's See the next to it Lewes The Regni were the ancient Inhabitants of this County who were subdued by Aulus Plautius in the reign of Claudius the Roman Emperor In 478 Ella erected here the Kingdom of the South-Saxons from whence this County has its Name The first Earl of it was William de Albeney Earl of Arundel who married Adelizia the Relict of Henry I in 1178. He was succeeded by VVilliam his Son it continued in this Family for five Descents In 1243 John Plantagenet Earl of Surrey succeeded In 1305 John a Son of the former followed In 1529 Robert Ratcliffe was Created by Henry VIII Earl of Sussex whose Posterity enjoyed this Honor six Descents In 1644 Thomas Lord Savil was Created the fourteenth Earl of Sussex whose Son succeeded and in him that Family ended This Honor in 1674 was conferred upon Thomas Leonard Lord Dacres who married Anne Fitz-Roy eldest Daughter to the Duchess of Cleavland by Charles II. Sutherland Sutherlandia a County in the North of Scotland Bounded on the North by Caithness and Strathnavern on the West by Assint on the South by Rosâ— and on the East by the German Ocean The principal Town in it is Dornock Sutri Sutrium Colonia Julia Sutrina a City in the States of the Church in S. Peters Patrimony upon the River Pozzolo which is a Bishops See but for ever united to the See of Nepi from whence it stands four Miles to the West and twenty four from Rome to the South-West It is little and incompassed with Rocks on all sides Livy says of it that Camillus when it had revolted against the Romans went with an Army to reduce it In the year of Christ 1046. the Emperor Henry III. assembled a Council here which deposed Pope Gregory VI. who had intruded into the Roman
good Harbor on its South side The usual place where the Dutch Fleet rendezvouz in times of War Near it the Illustrious General Monk afterwards Duke of Albemarle beat the Dutch Fleet July 31. 1653 slew their famous Admiral Van Trump burnt and sunk twenty six of their Men of War with the loss of only two small English Ships and drove the rest into the Texel Which being seen by the People from the Shore prevented the usual Ceremony of a Thanksgiving for being beaten Teyder-Aa Teydera a River of Livonia in Litland which watereth Adzal and Wolmer then falls into the Bay of Livonia Teysterbandt Testerbantum a small County in the Dukedom of Cleves towards the Maes the Wael and the Rhine in the North of Cleves and on the Southern Border of Guelderland which has been united to Cleves seven hundred years Thabor a celebrated Mountain in Galilee in Palestine six Miles from Nazareth to the East near the Plain of Esdrelon and the Valley of Iesreel having the Brook of Endor springing from its foot Josephus gives it the Height of thirty Greek Stadia and the Plain upon the top of it the compass of two thousand five hundred Paces where the Wind blows very to hard and cold in the hottest Seasons Here our Saviour honoured S. Peter James and John with the View of his glorious Transfiguration in memory whereof Helena the Mother of Constantine the Great built upon the place a stately Church with three small Chapppels representing the three Tabernacles in S. Peter's Wish which Chappels now are almost buried under the Ruines of the Church saving one Altar used sometimes for Mass by the Religious of Nazareth Alexander Jannaeus King of Judah who began his Reign one hundred and three years before Christ built a Fortress upon this Mountain which probably continued till the time of our Saviour and was the same with that taken by Composition in the year after Christ 82 by Vespasian when the Church and Chappels were demolished These latter were re-established in 1099 by Godfrey of Bouillon and divided betwixt the Greek Calcyers and the Benedictine Monks under a Bishop a Suffragan to the Patriarch of Jerusalem In 1187 Saladine took the Mountain and ruined its Works In 1253 the Christians retook it and Pope Alexander gave it to the Templars But in 1290 it was finally lost from the Christians to the Sultan of Egypt It stands in a round conical figure with its sides to the West and South full of Shrubs and Greens Thamar Rha the same with Wolgha Thame a Market Town in Oxfordshire upon the Borders of Buckinghamshire which takes its Name from the River Thame one of the Fountains of the Thames joining with the Isis at Dorchester whose Branches almost encompass it and are here covered with a Bridge leading into Buckinghamshire It is the Capital of its hundred and enjoys the Benefit of a Free-School and a Hospital founded by the Lord Williams of Thame Thames Thamesis Tamesis Jamissa the principal River of England Which has this Name from the Thame and Isis two smaller Rivers its Fountains The first of these arises in Buckinghamshire the second in VViltshire The second is far the greater receives the VVindrush and the Evenclods before it arrives at Oxford beneath that City the Charwell a noble Flood and at Dorchester it takes the Thame Then sporting it self with vast turns it watereth VVallingford Reading and Henly dividing Buckinghamshire from Surrey it watereth VVindsor so passeth to Stanes in Middlesex above which it takes in the Colne and watering Hampton-Court Kingston Brentford and Chelsey it gently glides between Westminster and London on the North and Southwark on the South where it is covered by one of the noblest Bridges in the World More to the East it receives the Lea out of Essex being now able to bear vast Ships it hasteth by Graves End into the German Ocean between Essex to the North and Kent to the South Thanet Tanâ—tos Thanatos Athanatos in Solinus a small Island on the Eastern Coast of Kent surrounded on the South by the Sea and on the West by the River Stoure here called the Yenlade about eight Miles long and four broad In this Island the Saxons first landed and also S. Augustine the Monk In 1628 Nicolas Lord Tufton was created Earl of Thanet by Charles I. Richard the fifth of this Family succeeded in 1680. Thaurn Taurus Thaxted a Market Town in the County of Essex in the hundred of Dunmow Theaco Ithaca an Island in the Ionian Sea betwixt Cephalonia Sancta Maura and the Curzolari under the Venetians The Italians call it Val di Compare It reckons about fifteen thousand Inhabitants a great part banished persons from Zante Cephalonia and Corfu It hath a spacious and safe Haven but no City or good Town only some Villages and it pretends to shew the ruins of Penelope's House supposing Vlysses to have been a Native of this Ithaca Thebe Thebae two celebrated Cities in Antiquity in Egypt and Greece That in Egypt received its ruin from Cornelius Gallus Governour of Egypt But the marks of its former Opulence the number of its Inhabitants its Conquests the tribute and imposts it paid to the King and to the Temples remained engraved in Egyptian Characters upon Obelisks in Germanicus's time who visited as Tacitus says the ruins of this City in his Travels It contained one hundred and forty Stadia in Circuit one hundred Gates and according to those Obelisks seven hundred thousand fighting Men. See Diospolis § The other in Bâ—eotia in Greece hath ever pretended to challenge the ancient Cadmus for its Founder about the year of the World 2620 nigh one thousand four hundred years before the coming of Christ During which Interval it was first adorned with the Title of a Kingdom Next changed into a Republick of great Puissance which maintained War against both the Athenians and Lacedaemonians and over the latter gained a signal Victory by the conduct of their General Epaminâ—ndâ—s at the Battel of Leuctra when both hâ— and Cleombrotus General of the Lacedaemonians were slain Philip K. of Macedon Conquered this City and Garrisoned it with Macedoâ—ians whose yoak they regretted till they revol ed upon the death of that King And refusing to submit to his Son Alexander He by â—orce reconquering them entirely â—uined this City saving the single House of the Poet Pindar and divided the Lands amongst his Soldiers â—bout the year of Rome 419. and the CXI Olympaid Cassander the Son of Antipater King of Macedonia twenty years after rebuilt it and his work is parâ—ly standing at this day in the quality of a Village under the Turks but before those desâ—royers of Mankind possess'd it it was the See of an Archbishop See Stives Thebes See Stives Theobalds a Palace Royal of the Kings of England in Hâ—â—fordshire in the Hundred of Hartford not â—ar â—rom Hodsdon on the Lea and less from Waltham Abbey in Essex It is delightfully situated amongst Groves and Springs
into the Mediterranean Sea in the Kingdom of Valentia over against Yvia a small Island Xuicheu a City in the Province of Quansi in China Xuncking a City in the Province of Suchuen in China Xunte or Xuntien Xunta a City in the Province of Pekim in China Y A YAcohdal a Royal House of Pleasure belonging to the Kings of Sweden one League and a half from Stockholm in the Province of Vpland Yamato a small Province in Japan Yamaxiro Yamaium a Kingdom in Japan towards the Bay of Noaco The Capital of which is Meaco a vast City Yancheu Yancheum a City in the Province of Nankim in China Yarmouth Gariannonum a great rich and a very populous Sea-Port Town in the County of Norfolk on the Borders of Suffolk at the Mouth of the River Yare from which it hath its Name This River riseth in Norfolk near Hingham and running East watereth Norwich a little above which it takes in the Cringle and at it the Winder becoming navigable by these accessions it hasteth by Bucknam-Ferry to Burg where it takes in the Waveny another navigable River from Beccles a little above Yarmouth the Thyrn all which Rivers form here a convenient Harbour on the German Ocean This was a Roman Town Cerdick the first King of the West Saxons landed first in this place about the year 507. And not fir ding it worth his while to settle went to Sea again and founded the VVest Saxon Kingdom Between this and the Conquerours times this Town was rebuilt by the Saxons In Edward the Confessor's times it had seventy Burgesses about 1340. the Inhabitants walled it Henry II. gave it the first Charter After this they had a VVar with the Town of Lowestoft between which two there was a quarrel which has lasted to our times In the year 1652. there being a VVar with the Hollanders and the Merchants of London oppressing them in the Herring Trade they began to send Ships to Legorne in Italy and by degrees inlarged their Trade to all parts so that it became one of the best traded Towns on the East of England and the Key of this Coast But the two following Dutch VVars fell heavy on them to their great loss In the year 1684. Charles II. made this a Mayor Town not long before his death It has but one Church though a very large one founded by Herbert the first Bishop of Norwich in the Reign of VVilliam Rufus Charles II. advanced the Honour of this place when in the year 1673. he created William Paston Viscount Yarmouth and in the year 1679. Earl of Yarmouth whose Son now enjoys that Title The Corporation returns two Parliament Men. § There is another Yarmouth upon the North VVest Coast of the Islè of VVight in the Hundred of VV. Medine well built with Free Stone fortified with a Castle and VVorks The second Town of Note next to Newport in that Island Yarum a Market Town in the North Riding of Yorkshire in the Hundred of Langbarg upon the River Tees here covered with a fair Stone Bridge Yaxley a Market Town in Huntingdonshire in the Hundred of Normancross Yencheu a City in the Province of Xanton in China Yenne Etanna a Town of France upon the Rosne Yeovil a Market Town in Semersetshire in the Hundred of Stone upon a River of its own name Yer or Jerre Edera a small River of France which falls into the Seyne in la Brie Five Miles above Paris to the East Yesd Yesda a great City in the Province of Airach in the Kingdom of Persia one hundred and thirty Miles from Hispahan to the East Yglesias See Villa de Chiesa Ygnos the same with Eno. Yla See Ila Yocheu a City in the Province of Huquam in China Yonne Icauna Jauna Junna a River of France which ariseth in the Dukedom of Burgundy near Autun from the Mountains de Morvant and passing by Clamecy in Nivernois receives the Cure So passeth to Auxerre where it is first Navigable Then admitting the Serine and the Armancione it falls below Sens into the Seyne Seventeen Leagues above Paris and seven above Melun to the East York Eboracum Eburacum Brigantium the Capital City of Yorkshire and an Archbishops See in the North Riding Called by the British Caer Effroc by Ninius Caer Ebrauc by the English York Seated upon the River Ver or Vre which is since by the Saxons called Ouse from Ouseburne a small River that falls into it It is in Honour Wealth and Greatness the second City of England and the far greatest not only in that Shire but in all the North. Having thirty Parish Churches besides the Cathedral and governed by a Lord Mayor like London A pleasant well built strong and beautiful City and the most ancient Archbishops See in this Island The Vre or Ouse having with a gentle stream entered it from the North-West divides it into two unequal parts united by a Stone-Bridge The West part tho much less peopled is incompassed with a sair Wall the other which is greater more populous and close built is fortified also with strong Walls with Turrets upon them and a muddy Dike Herein William the Conqueror built a strong Castle now ruined by time on the North-East side of this part stands the Cathedral Church dedicated to S. Peter which is a stately and a venerable Fabrick This City was built by the Romans about the times of Hadrian the Emperour and had the honour of a Roman Colony bestowed on it in the Reign of Severus who died in his Palace here in the year of Christ 210. In the year 306 Flavius Valerius Constantius Surnamed Clorus the Virtuous Father of Constantine the Great ended his life in this City Constantine his Son took upon him here the Government of his Fathers share of the Empire who became afterwards the first Christian Emperour the deliverer of the Church and the Establisher and Exalter of the Cross In the times that followed though she had the Honour to be an Archbishops See and Eborius Bishop of this City in the year 313. subscribed to the Council of Arles before Restitutus Bishop of London yet the Barbarous Nations in the next Century breaking in upon the Roman Empire this City suffered from the Picts and Saxons all the miseries of VVar. So that about the year 627. when Paulinus was to Baptize Edwin King of Northumberland they were forced to build a little Oratory of VVood for that purpose all the ancient Churches being entirely ruined Hereupon that Prince began the building of the present Cathedral which was finished by his Successor Oswald From this time forward this Church and City began to revive and flourish again The Archbishops had under them not only all the North of England but all the Kingdom of Scotland till 1471 or as others 74 In 740 Egbert Archbishop of York opened here a noble Library which a contemporary Historian calls the Cabinet of all liberal Arts from whence Alcuinus the Preceptor of Charles the Great and