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death_n	charles_n	duke_n	king_n	5,276	5	4.2655	3	false

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ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A28933	The history of the Vaudois. Wherein is shewn their original; how God has preserved the Christian religion among them in its purity, from the time of the Apostles to our days; the wonders he has done for their preservation, with the signal and miraculous victories that they have gained over their enemies; how they were dispersed, and their churches ruined; and how at last they were re-established, beyond the expectation and hope of all the world. / By Peter Boyer ... ; and newly translated out of French by a person of quality.; Abrégé de l'histoire des Vaudois. English	Boyer, P. (Pierre), 1619-ca. 1700.; Boyer, Abel, 1667-1729.; Person of quality.	1692 (1692)	Wing B3918A; ESTC R5697	97,378	276

revoke his Edict though he was most earnestly sollicited to do it by the Protestant Princes retired out of the Marquisate with only what they could carry and went to dwell in Places where they might enjoy a free exercise of there Religion Victor Amadeus his Son and Successor did likewise make no open war upon the Vaudois of the Valleys he was hindered from it by the Wars he had with his Neighbouring Princes especially the Spaniard he notwithstanding permitted the Inquisitors of Rome and the Monks to persecute them under the colour and cloak of Justice and so many of them that fell into their hands either were put to Death or else condemned to the Galleys or perpetual Prison because they would not go to Mass and conform to the Romish Religion CHAP. X. Of the abominable methods that the Dutchess of Savoy and the Counsel of Propagation took to destroy the Vaudois of Piemont AFter the Death of Amadeus the Dutchess his Lady was left Regent of his Dominions because his Son Charles Emanuel II. was very young The Court of Rome having erected a Congregation as it was called for the Propagation of Faith and Extirpation of Heresy there were established such like Councils and Congregations in the Dominions of all Princes that professed the Roman Religion That of Turin was established in the Year 1650. and was divided into two Bodies the one was called the Council of men and the other the Council of women the Archbishop was President of the first and the Marchionesse de Pianesse of the second the women made great enquiry for all those that they called new Converts and made very much of them the men entertained Spies through all the Valleys to give them an account of the Vaudois that were poor or of those that had Suits at Law to the poor they offered exemption from Taxes and to free them from the quartering of Souldiers for many Years To those that had Suits at Law at Turin or other places they promised them good Success provided they would turn Roman Catholicks and by this traffick they gained several But the Council of the Propagation seeing that notwithstanding all the Care and Pains they and the religious Orders took for to convert the Vaudois to the Romish Religion that they could draw none but some poor or wicked people they bethought themselves of an abominable Stratagem to destroy them all at once and make their Throats be cut by the King of France's Army that was then in Italy and was commanded by the Marshal de St. Grance in the Year 1653. the King having assign'd for the winter-quarters of his Army the Provinces of Delphinate Province Languedoc and Burgundy these Provinces offered to the Marshal very considerable summs to exempt them from effectual quartering of Souldiers and he was the more contented with it because the Dutchess of Savoy proffered to quarter a part of the Army in Savoy for a share of the Money proffered The bargain being struck the Marshal marched his Army towards the Valleys which was the place that the Dutchess had assigned for their winter-quarters In the mean time although the Council of the propagation knew full well of the bargain made between the Dutchess and the Marshal they ordered the Capuchins and some Gentlemen of the Valleys and even some of the chief ministers of the Court to perswade the Vaudois and make them believe that it was not the intention of the Dutchess that those strangers should quarter there and by their artificial discourse full of malice and fraud they stirred up the Vaudois to take up Arms and oppose the Army of the King which was already entred into the Valley of Lucerne and in a condition to force these poor people to receive them threatning nothing but Fire and Sword and this had been done if a Minister of the Gospel had not gone and cast himself at the feet of the Marshal and discovered to him the diabolical malice of their Enemies and desired him to shew one billet for quartering and as soon as the billet of the Dutchess should be shown about he was certain that all the Inhabitents of the Valleys would submit without the least resistance To which proposition the Marshal accorded and at the same time sent to Turin to have the billet for quartering of Souldiers as the Minister desired and it coming in a short time the Vaudois submitted without the least difficulty We must consider that the Army of the King was very powerful and made up of expert Troops and that the Marshal was fully resolved to gain the great sum of Money that he was to draw from the foresaid Provinces and to have his bargain to the full of the Dutchess and that the Vaudois that were in arms had let his army enter into the Valley of Lucerne without any oppsition and that they were not prepared for a long defence neither had entrenched themselves in their usual Fastnesses and so it 's not to be doubted but that they must have been conquered by the French who being enraged at their Boldness and the at the Contempt of their great Army would have put all to the Sword without distinction of Sex or Age if God had not made use of the Zeal and Prudence of this Minister to frustrate the Designs and crafty Contrivances of those Enemies of God and his Church CHAP. XI Of another wicked Stratagem of the Dutchess of Savoy and her Son Charles Emanuel II. for the Destruction of the Vaudois of Piemont and establishing the Irish there that were driven out of their Country IN the year 1655. the Dutchess of Savoy and her Son the Duke being sollicited by the Court of Rome and the Council of Propagation to destroy the Protestants of the Valleys and to establish in their places the Irish who served the King of France in his Royal Army in Italy and were driven out of their Country by Cromwel these Irish were of the number of those that had plaid such pranks in Irelend against the poor Protestants in the year 1642. and the last that had laid down their Arms in that Kingdom after the Death of King Charles I. to give these Valleys to the Irish the Protestants who were the true and natural Inhabitants of these Valleys were all to be extirpated for so it was resolved in the Council of the Propagation and after in the Duke's which was for the greater part composed of the former To bring this wicked design to effect they must make use of some specious pretence they could not make their pretence to be the affair of the house of the Capuchins of Villar which some Protestants privately pushed on by their Enemies the Papists had burnt to the ground this affair had been accommodated many years and the Accomplices severely punished they took therefore another way they obtained from the Duke a Commission by Gastaldo his Counseller in his Chamber of accounts to drive out all the Protestants that were in the Valleys of Lucerne

defend themselves against so many subtilties and crafty policies of their Adversaries of the Propagation if God who holds the hearts of Princes and Kings in his hand had not changed the heart of Charles Emanuel the Second to favour the Vaudois This Prince having examined the conduct of all their doings began to know that it was without any good ground that the Vaudois were made so odious and calling to mind the great zeal they had testified on divers occasions for his service and particularly in 1638 and 1640 when the greatest part of his Estate was revolted against him and that the Cardinal of Savoy and Prince Thomas his Unkle had made themselves Heads of the Revolt being assisted by the Troops of Spain had seized almost all Piemont and even of the City of Turin it self and besieged Madam Royal his Mother in the Cittadel whither she had fled to save her self and that without the succours of Lewis the XIII his Unkle by the Mothers side and the help of the Vaudois it was probable that this Prince had been deprived of all his Principality In the year 1672. the Duke of Savoy made War upon the Genoeses and the Vaudois served him with so much zeal and courage that this Prince was not content only to praise their Conduct Courage and Fidelity by a Letter which he writ to them the fifth of November the same year but he gave them many sensible marks of his esteem and good-will towards them even to his death which hapned towards the end of the year 1678. Madam Royal his Widow treated them likewise not only with a great deal of sweetness and goodness but she also engaged her self to the Protestant Cantons by a Letter writ the 28th of Ianuary 1679. to maintain the Vaudois in the free exercise of their Religion and in all other priviledges and immunities CHAP. XX. The Ninth War against the Vaudois by Lewis the XIV King of France and Victor Amadeus II. Duke of Savoy with the perfidious treacheries of their Enemies which was the cause of the ruine and dispertion of these poor Churches THE sweetness of peace which the Vaudois enjoyed after the war against Genoua till the death of Charles Emanuel II. and after the death of this Prince under the Regency of Madam Royal his Widow till the year 1685. made them hope to enjoy a durable tranquility under the reign of Victor Amadeus II. who is at present Duke of Savoy and that which flattered them with this hopes was the considerable services they had done him in the year 1684. in the war against those of Mondovi in which they had signalized their courage and zeal for his service This very Prince had given them authentical assurances of his great satisfaction by a Letter that he writ to them on this occasion But they quickly lost their hopes when the Governour of the Valleys made Proclamation about the end of the year 1685 That no Stranger should come and stay in the Valleys above 3 days without his permission and that any that should entertain them any longer should be most severely punished The Vaudois had intelligence of the great violences that were made use of in France to force the Protestants there to change their Religion they had likewise news that that King had cancelled the Edict of Nants and they judged very well that the prohibition that was made them of giving a safe retreat to their Brethren of France was of a dangerous consequence but they did not foresee all the misery that hapned to them since nor all the evils that were prepared for them They were strangely surprized when there was published in the Valleys an order of the Duke of Savoy on the 31st of Ianuary 1686. which did generally forbid the exercise of the Protestant Religion under pain of death and confiscation of all their Goods and their Churches to be demolished and all their Ministers to be sent into banishment all Infants born hereafter to be baptised and brought up in the Roman Religion under penalty of condemning their Fathers to the Gallies it 's impossible to express the grief and fears of the Vaudois at the sight of so surprizing vigorous and unjust order so contrary to their rights and priviledges the for●…er orders only tended to the restraining them in narrower bounds but the Ordinance of the 31st of Ianuary entirely deprived them of the exercise of their Religion and liberty of Conscience In this sad condition into which they were plunged by the malice of their Enemies they had recourse to submissions and supplications according to their custom they addressed the Duke of Savoy four times to revoke the Order but they could obtain nothing but some delay that he might be the better prepared to execute the order they saw their misfortune was without remedy and of this they were the more certain when they understood that the King of France who for reasons of state and interest had always protected them and had declared himself the Warrantee of the Patents of 1655 and 1664. had now not only obliged the Duke to pass this Order but had also made his Troops advance towards Piemont for to see the execution of the Order performed The Protestant Cantons being informed of this Order and of the measures that were taken for the execution of it thought themselves obliged not to forsake a people persecute●… upon the score of Religion and that they ought to appear on their behalf on this occasion as well as they had done on the former therefore they resolved in an Assembly held at Basil in the month of February 1686. to send a splendid Embassy to the Duke of Savoy to interceed for the Vaudois These Ambassadors arrived at Turin the beginning of March and made to the Duke their Proposals for the revoking of the late Orders of the 31st of January they shewed the Duke that they were interested in this affair not only as Brethren of the Vaudois making profession of the same Religion but because also the Patents of 1655 and 1664. which this last Order destroyed was the fruits of their former Mediation and they supported their demand with many strong and solid considerations The Court of Turin did not impugn these reasons but thought it was sufficient to tell the Ambassadors that the engagements that the Duke had entred into with the King of France opposed the success of their negotiation This Answer obliged the Ambassadors to give in a Memorial to the Duke to this purpose That the Predecessors of his Royal Highness having engaged their Royal Word to many Soveraign Princes and particularly to the Protestant Cantons for the due observing of the Patents granted the Vaudois such formal and authentical engagements ought to stand good for that the Patents were not meer tolleration for a time but perpetual grants and irrevocable Laws and besides the Patents were granted at the intercession of many Soveraign Princes and according to the Laws of Nations they are eternal

put in Prison making use of the secular power to this end and when they had them there they either let them perish there or else condemned them to Death The Inquisitors likewise by threatnings forced Margarite de Foix Soveraign Lady of the Marquesate of Saluzzo to persecute the Vaudois that were in her Marquisate the Persecution was so great and so cruel that these poor Protestants were forced to leave house and home and to save themselves in the Valely of Lucerne without carrying any thing off but their precious Souls there they stayed five years in this miserable Condition during which time they perpetually plyed the Duke of Savoy with humble Supplications that he would be pleased to mediate for them that they might berestored to their own Country and that the unjust Usurpers of their Lands and Goods might be forced to restore But at last seeing all Prayers and Submissions did serve to no purpose because of the opposition of the Pope the Clergy and above all of the Inquisitors they resolved to take up Arms and to endeavour to repossess themselves of their Lands and Goods and that which gave them the greater courage and boldness to do it was because they were chased out by Force without any order of their Soveraign Lady This Enterprize was attended with a happy Success on a sudden they invaded the Usurpers of their Goods they chased them away and frighted them so that they never attempted more a return and these poor Vaudois after this happy Exploit for at least a hundred years after enjoyed a profound Peace and Liberty of their Religion through all the Marquisate CHAP. VI. Of the Second War against the Vaudois of Piemont by Charles I. Duke of Savoy PHilip VII Duke of Savoy being dead Charles his Son succeeded him This Prince was mightily importuned by the Archbishop and Inquisitor of Turin to deliver over to the secular power his Subjects of the reformed Religion he gave commission to Don Pentaleon Bressour Lord of Rocheplate to war against them in the Year 1534. This Nobleman having chosen 1500. select men out of all the Troops of the Duke when the Vaudois thought themselves most secure having not the least Suspition of their Enemies Intention he suddenly attacqued them surprizing killing and massacring all that came in his way without sparing Age or Sex which caused a great consternation in these Valleys but at last these people resuming their innate courage mustered together and put themselves in so good order that the day following as their Enemies thought of marching on and continuing their Butcheries all along the Valley of Lucerne they charged them so couragiously in the Rear and in the Front and in the Flank that a great number of these Massacrers were killed upon the field others saved themselves by flight leaving behind them the booty and the Prisoners they had taken from the Vaudois When the Duke of Savoy saw that the Skin of a Vaudois cost him twenty Roman Catholicks he would not permit they should be any more persecuted by open force of Arms but that more secret means should be taken as less dangerous to bring this about he established certain Troops of Highway-men and Assassins who laid in Ambuscado in places proper for their design and when the Vaudois descended from the Mountains or went out of the Valleys about their affairs they were presently seized on many for a long time fell into these Snares and became the Prey of those Villains who after they had ransomed them notwithstanding took away their lives by most exquisite torments Catalan Gerard of St. John in the Valley of Lucerne was one of those who fell into their hands he was burnt alive at Revel a City of Piemont and suffered death with an admirable constancy CHAP. VII Of the third War against the Vaudois of Piemont and the Persecution that they suffered from the Parliament of Turin FRancis the First King of France having made himself Master of Piemont and dispoiled the Duke of Savoy of his Principality in the year 1536. as well he as the Pope incited the Parliament of Turin to proceed against the Vaudois as against Pernicious Hereticks in obedience to whom they raised a great persecution imitating in that the Parliaments of France who persecuted those of the Reformed Religion These poor people had recourse to the King presenting him an Humble Petition hoping to obtain some favour from this their new Lord and Master and so much the more because it 's the custom among Princes to pretend a great kindness and tenderness for their new subjects to engage them the more in their service But this did but worsen their condition for the King commanded them to live according to the Laws of the Roman Church telling them that if they did not obey his Order he would severely punish them as obstinate Hereticks telling them that he did not burn them in France to suffer them in the Alpes The Parliament of Turin being encouraged by this severe Answer presently enjoyned the Vaudois to put away from them their Ministers and to receive in their places Priests who should come and say Mass to them They answered it was impossible to obey Orders so contrary to the Word of God that they were willing to give Caesar what appertained to Caesar as they had always done but that they would likewise give to God the things that belong to God and that in this case they were resolved according to the examples of the Apostles rather to obey God than man and rather hold themselves to the Word of God than the traditions of man The King then having many affairs upon his shoulders the Parliament judged it not proper to undertake an Open War against them but they contented themselves to give Orders to the Judges and Magistrates to assist vigorously the Monks and Inquisitors and to burn all the Vaudois that should fall into their hands many laid down their lives this way but with admirable constancy above all Bartholomew Hector who was publickly burnt at Turin in the year 1555. who by an edifying death drew a flood of tears even from the multitude of the Papists and not content only with tears they greatly murmured and made sharp invectives against the cruelty of the Monks and Inquisitors In the year 1557. Mr. Varaille an excellent Minister of Angrougne unfortunately falling into their hands was publickly burned in the Castle-yard singing with a loud voice the praises of God in the middle of the flames even to the last breath This same year Nicholas Sartoris Student in Divinity at Geneva having a mind to visit his Country was taken in the Valley of Auste and accused of Heresie and the enemies of the truth seeing they could not draw him by flattery nor shake him by threats ordered him to be burnt alive and so he died a glorious death CHAP. VIII Of the fourth War against the Vaudois of Piemont by Emanuel Philibert Duke of Savoy after the General Peace in