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ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A16264	The new-found politicke Disclosing the secret natures and dispositions as well of priuate persons as of statesmen and courtiers; wherein the gouernments, greatnesse, and power of the most notable kingdomes and common-wealths of the world are discouered and censured. Together with many excellent caueats and rules fit to be obserued by those princes and states of Christendome, both Protestants and papists, which haue reason to distrust the designes of the King of Spaine, as by the speech of the Duke of Hernia, vttered in the counsell of Spaine, and hereto annexed, may appeare. Written in Italian by Traiano Boccalini ... And now translated into English for the benefit of this kingdome.; De' ragguagli di Parnaso. English	Boccalini, Traiano, 1556-1613.; Vaughan, William, 1577-1641.; Florio, John, 1553?-1625.; Scott, Thomas, 1580?-1626. Newes from Pernassus.; Boccalini, Traiano, 1556-1613. Pietra del paragone politico.	1626 (1626)	STC 3185; ESTC S106274	157,616	256

iust disdaine of the French Monarchy presently put to death and burnt in the very same flames which with so great sedition and treacherous infidelitie they nourished in the heart of their owne Countrey And the Spaniards were not only chased from that worke but by sound of Trumpet publikely proclaimed to be a company of false hearted hypocrites And by an especiall Edict of the French Monarchy all men were giuen to vnderstand that if euer there were any man found that would beleeue that any sparke of charity towards the French could lodge in the breast of a Spaniard he should be held esteemed and reputed an egregious Gull And that if after the first warning he should persist in his errour he should be tossed in a blanket as a factious and seditious fellow It was a thing worthy of admiration to see that so soone as the Spaniards and the foresaid vnnaturall French gaue ouer their worke that fire which before was so great that the most iudicious doe affirme it was in all humane reason inextinguible on a sudden ceased of it selfe Whereupon the eternall and farre renowmed Flower de Luces whilom so hurried and trampled vnder foot sprung vp againe more gloriously flourishing and resplendent than euer they were And France which through the immoderate ambition of some turbulent spirits had most barbarously bin tormented and molested more than full forty years to the great wonderment of all in the twinkling of an eye became quiet and in peace Whereby all the world came to know that the Spaniards had beene the first Authors of that euer deplorable French combustion which they vnder most specious shewes and pretences of Religion and christian Charity had laboured to make the world beleeue that they sought to quench Some report that the Spanish Monarchy vpon this retired her selfe into her royall Palace and that for many daies shee would not admit any body to see her hauing giuen her selfe ouer vnto so great melancholy that with floods of teares trilling downe her blubred cheeks shee loudly exclaimed that shee would much rather haue lost two of her best kingdomes than to see those her holy and hypocriticall pretexts so scoft at so derided and so laid open to all the world wherewith she remembred to haue diuers times to her infinite profit sold vnto the world most stinking Assa-fetid● in stead of Muske Ziuet and Amber-greece It seeming vnto her to be depriued of her richest treasure and to haue lost her inexhaust mynes of gold and siluer in Peru yea and of the new world besides seeing her selfe so vnluckily depriued of the hope and benefit to be at any time more able to depaint vnto the silly credulous people white for blacke or chalke for cheese deeming it a very hard case to see herselfe brought vnto the wretched and dreadfull condition in which she hath euer seene the French to be inforced to purchase kingdomes and dominions with the onely force of the point and dint of the Sword and not as heretofore she hath done with the onely semblances of her false-holy pretexts which haue sometimes stood her in stead of flourishing and strong Armies She knowes that she hath put the world into combustion and hath euer loued to fish in troubled waters And it grieueth her beyond measure that she hath so lost the good opinion of most Nations that shee is in some danger that none will hereafter beleeue her though she chance to speake the truth whereas heretofore the stimulation of false pretexts and of most apparent hypocrisie were held in credit and in lieu of thrice sacred verity most absolute zeale and perfect deuotion The Spanish Monarchie arriueth in Parnassus She intreateth Apollo to be cured of a Cauterie Shee is dismissed by the politike Physitians Rag. 4. 3 Part. IT is now foure months since the renowmed Maiestie of Spain ariued at this Court vnto whom Apollo forthwith assigned a day for her puklike solemn entrance which by the consent of the whole Consistory of the learned was appointed to be in the royal Audience Chamber in the presence and with the assistance of the Soueraigne Muses which solemnity for some vrgent occasions was not performed but two daies since The reason is because she hath spent the full time of foure moneths in consultation with the Poet Princes about the Titles which shee should mutually giue and receiue from others as also in agreeing about the manner how to receiue them and how they would receiue her in their reciprocall visitations The consideration whereof hath made all the vertuous of this Colledge to stand amazed and bitterly to bewaile the hard condition of these moderne times infected with the contagion of so many complemental vanities And the grieuances of the vertuous were so much the more increased for so much as diuers learned Princes openly refused to bee visited by that great Queene saying that they feared to receiue some insult or affront from her for they had lately receiued letters from Italy wherein they were by their louing friends forewarned to be circumspect and vigilantly stand vpon their guard it being peculiar vnto the Spaniards to goe visit others with intention rather to iniu●y than to honour them And that they thought it an egregious folly in lieu of auoiding of affronts abroad to expect them with bended knees and cap in hand at home in their owne houses And although that so potent a Monarchie to the great admiration of all hath shewed her selfe much more nigardly in giuing others satisfaction of Titles than in distributing of her Duckats shee hath notwithstanding receiued from these Poet Princes and from all vertuous Potentates who concerning this titular circumstance stand rather vpon reall substance than on the vanity of things the greatest gust and contentment she could desire True it is that one thing hath much empaired the reputation of so great a Queene in this Court which is that albeit shee stand in extreme need of trusty friends shee neuerthelesse sheweth herselfe so procliue and foreward to alienate those from her who expect for nothing at her hands but satisfaction in words Yea some haue noted as a remarkable thing that the Master of the Ceremonies hath forewarned her Maiestie that those precise punctilio● shee so nicely stands vpon are most odious and onely proper to barbarous Kings and right worthy her royall Maiestie And that a great Queen in Europe her equall hath in great passion and anger plainly told him to his teeth that she much maruelled both at him and all his ceremonials since hee seemed not to know how a Prince without grauity and State may rightly be compared to a peacocke without a traine It is impossible to set downe with what longing curiosity and earnest desire so renowmed a Princesse hath bin expected by all the learned of this Court for from the vtmost bounds of all Apollo's Dominions an infinite number of all sorts and sexes haue flocked hither to view the countenance of that mightie Queene who with a

might with great facility suppresse and bring vnder With wondrous reposednesse of minde and gentle words Reputation answered those vertuous men her louing friends who so comforted her that shee exceedingly valued and loued the ready good will which she perceiued in them all but she could neither commend nor follow the counsell they gaue her And that they should call to minde that the whole of the power of her authoritie and greatnesse being founded not on the forces of strong-armed Armies nor on the strength and securitie of inexpugnable cittadels but on the bare opinion of men a thing most inconstant and variable So as it behoued her in this her aduersitie to proceed with great caution and admirable dexteritie And that betweene her and Force there was a monstrous great disparitie for if Force were once vanquished shee might easily recouer her selfe and with greater impetuofitie attempt a second battell so much the more dangerous for her for to her ordinarie power shee might ioyne the violence of Disdaine and the shame of her first ouerthrow But if it should happen that at the first shock shee did not quell her enemy either with the maiestie of her presence or with the authoritie of her looke so that as an Elephant which being once fallen to the gound can neuer rise againe she might destroy her shee should wholly be depriued of that greatnesse and awfull respect which the publike veneration of the common people bred in her Considerations so much the more necessarie in her as she had experienced that nothing is more perillous for her than by force of Armes to seeke to maintaine that auctoritie great and that reputation on foot which shee seeth to bee founded but on the bare opinion of the vulgar popular And that shee hoped to prouide for the indemnitie of her authoritie with her wonted remedies and would with her accustomed weapons buckle with Force not doubting but to conquer her She said moreouer that Force did now vse those extraordinarie termes of insolencie towards her not because her power was any whit increased but by reason of some disorders of hers shee perceiued the ancient decorum her wonted maiestie and the peoples veneration towards her to be greatly diminished Reputation hauing vttered these kinde words went away and shortly after retired her selfe into her lodging whence for diuers moneths space shee was neuer seene to come abroad but with great seueritie gaue her selfe to reforme and correct her selfe for euer banishing all self-respects and priuate interesses to which because shee had yeelded ouermuch and too openly abandoned her selfe shee euidently perceiued her honour and credit to be much impaired And then with the beesom of a rigid reformation in her selfe she wholly imployd her time in cleansing her house and ●●milie from all manner of filthinesse pollution and basenesse from which she also chased and expelled griping Auarice daring Ambition and all other priuate dishonest vnlawfull or scandalous passions This Princesse hauing thus reformed her priuate disorders being one morning to be present at some solemne and publike Act she extraordinarily embellished and adorned her selfe all ouer with honestie of minde with vprightnesse of spirit with singlenesse of heart with vngrudging liberalitie and with all her other most esteemed vertues And hauing put on the rich robe of righteousnesse and affectionate loue towards all well-deseruing creatures and of publike charitie she came forth with so awfull a maiestie and comely a grauitie where shee was expected by all the other most excellent Vertues in whom shee stirred vp so great respect and regardfull veneration that euen the Lady Force her selfe so great was the deuotion that possessed her minde was seene to tremble and stand amazed and in that occasion not only with her accustomed reuerence to grant her her due precedence on the right hand but with a kinde of seruile submission to beg as a singular fauour at her hands the prerogatiue in that solemnitie to carry vp her traine The Prouince of Focides by her Ambassadors complaineth vnto Apollo that his Maiesties officers doe not permit her to enioy her priuiledges whose request is not only reiected but they haue a most sharp and vnpleasant answer Rag. 1. 2 Part. THe most populous Prouince of Focides which some yeares since rebelled from the Ignorant and voluntarily did subiect it selfe vnto Apollo's Dominion of whom she obtained so ample priuiledges and large immunities as it might truly be said that the Focenses liued in a kinde of free libertie hath now sent her Ambassadors to this Court to complaine against his Maiesties officers that they will not permit them to enioy those priuiledges which by his sacred Maiestie were granted them And therefore doe instantly require him to command the due obseruation of them This businesse which somewhat distasted Apollo was by him referred vnto his Royall Councell of State from whom the Ambassadors two daies since had for a finall answer that the Lords of the Councell did greatly wonder and rested much scandalized that the people of Focides seemed to be so ignorant of the affaires of the world as they knew not that Priuiledges Liberties Franchises Exemptions and Immunities granted vnto people newly conquered were like vnto those cherries that were giuen to children when they cryde and puled to make them hold their peace but were afterwards taken from them when they lay still and quiet To whom the chiefe of the Ambassadors stoutly replied that if in Parnassus they vsed so fouly to abuse sillie well-meaning people Focides would ere long fall to whining againe to the end it might be stilled with cherries of new priuiledges To this companion Francis Guicciardin Lord President of the Royall Counsell suddenly answered that if the F●censes did well consider the present state wherein they were they should finde that with the Cittadels which in times of peace they had suffered to be built vpon their necks they were reduced vnto such termes of bondage and thraldome as if they fell to whining againe they might very well without any danger or preiudice vnto Apollo's state be stilled and made to hold their peace with smarting lashes and bloudy stripes Socrates hauing this morning beene found dead in his bed Apollo vseth all possible diligence to discouer the true occasion of his sudden death Rag. 32. 2 Part. THis present morning great Socrates who yesternight went to bed in perfect good health hath beene found starke dead in his bed and forsomuch as his corps was all swolne and puft vp most men doe vehemently suspect that there hath beene some machination of poyson practised vpon him And the Peripateticks cruell enemies to the Socratike Sect haue beene much questioned and blamed for it And so much the more because it is well knowne to all men that the most detestable armes of poysoning are very familiar vnto Aristotle Prince of that great Sect. All Socrates his houshold hath this morning beene imprisoned from whom no other light or confession can be wrested but that some

vp the water the which to all mens wonder was found to haue only the vertue to blot and cancell out of his minde those iniuries which he had receiued of his inferiours in condition and that the iniuries which were done vnto him by greater persons than himselfe had inflamed and exasperated his minde rather with an euerlasting memory of them than any way caused him to forget them Whereat many began to murmur that the famous water of Lethe had lost that pretious vertue which the Poets had blazed of it But his Maiestie gaue them to vnderstand that the water of Lethe had euermore the same vertue which it had in the beginning And in that it did not worke the expected effect in that Gentleman the reason was because persons nobly descended and of great spirits had euer this custome proper vnto their natures to write in the sand these iniuries which they receiued of base people but in solid marble with eternall characters those aboue-handed blowes which were giuen them by their equalls or superiours it being the propertie of a noble mind to remit wrongs by magnanimitie but not to pardon them of necessitie CHAP. 16. Apuleius his golden Asse and Plautus his Asse doe complaine vnto Apollo of the great seueritie which their Masters vsed in beating them But they are sent away with no pleasing answer ABout the eight of the Current Apuleius his famous Asse accompanied with Plautus his Asse appeare before Apolloes Maiestie who in the name of all the sort of Mules Asses and Pack-horses said that if any kinde of beasts subiect to mankind which were of small expence and of much profit had deserued better vsage than others they had most reason aboue all other beasts to grieue at their Masters rough and rigorous dealings And although they bare the whole burthen of their Lords houses and maintained them both day and night by their perpetuall labours and were content to feed ordinarily on sedge straw and water and to keepe their Shrouetide with branne and such poore prouender all this notwithstanding they were ingratefully cruelly and with great indiscretion entreated by their Masters and being the most vnhappie of all creatures they were now become the miserable spectacle of all drudgery For as much as they could not by their prostrate and humble seruices mollifie the passionate minds of their Lords they petitioned his Maiestie in most lowly manner to commiserate their Asinine miseries if not to conclude and end them yet at least to order the matter so that by his Maiesties command their Patrons would thenceforth vse them though not gratefull respects for their great seruices yet with moderation of passion and with more hmanitie Vnto these Apollo answered that the seuerity which Masters vsed towards their pack-horses whereof they so bitterly complained proceeded not out of their Masters naturall crueltie since that it is plaine that no man yet hated the vtilitie and benefit of his heritage but rather from their monstrous sloth and stupendious stupiditie of the pack-horses through which most brutish defaults their Masters were enforced furiously with whips and goads to pricke them on to doe that labour which otherwise for want of quickness they had not spirit enough of themselues to performe And whosoeuer would exactly iudge and determine of any mans cruell and rigorous dealings he had need not only to haue regard vnto the genius and nature of him that exerciseth and vseth this correction as to the qualitie and manners of him that complaines he is hardly dealt with CHAP. 17. A generall Reformation of the world by the seuen wise men of Greece and by other Learned men is published by expresse Order from Apollo IVstinian the Emperor that great Composer of the Codes and Pandects some few dayes since brought a new Law vnto Apollo to haue the same approoued of his Maiestie whereby it was straightly forbidden that any man should waxe so cruell against his owne person as to be the Authour of his owne death Apollo seeing this Law had it in so great horrour that with a sigh which proceeded from the bottome of his heart he brake forth into these speeches Is the good gouernment of Mankinde precipated into such disorder O Iustinian that they will now a dayes voluntarily attempt their owne deathes because they will not liue any longer as they ought And wheras I haue hitherto hired a great number of the wisest morall Philosophers to the end that with their tognes and writings they should Minister vnder mee graue and ciuill conceits vnto others which might make Death seemed lesse terrible are things now reduced to that great calamity that men wil no longer liue not yet learn to accommodate thēselues to die well And do I carelesly sleep while these disorders abound among my learned Fraternitie To these words of Apollo Iustinian answered that this Law was very necessary and that many notorious effects hauing happened by these desperate courses more inconueniences would yet ensue if his Maiestie did not in time prouide some conuenient remedy to salue the wilfull disorders of these Franticke fellowes Whereupon Apollo tooke diligent Information of that manner of life which the world lead and found that it became extraordinarily depraued with euill customes the which to reforme hee resolued to create a Congregation of some notable Personages the most prudent and ingenuous Polititians of his Empire But in the very beginning of this serious talke he met with inuincible difficulties for being come to the point to appoint a number of subiects among his Morall Philosophers and those innumerable Vertuous Spirits which attended his Court he could not light on any to his absolute liking sufficiently enabled for so great a businesse by reason that his Maiestie knew that the sanctitie of life and the good example of the Reformer wrought a greater force and power in them which were to be reformed then the best Rules which the wisest State could enact and publish In this penurious exigent Apollo referred the charge of the Worlds vniuersall reformation to the seuen wise men of Greece men that are held and reputed to be in the chiefest credit at Parnassus was those which in all mens conceit haue learnt the receit and way to make straight the Dogs leg which with so much paines yet alwayes in vaine Antiquity hunted after The rumour of these newes being come to the Grecians eares it reioyced them exceedingly for the honour which his Maiestie vouchsafed vnto their Nation as on the other side it much troubled the Latines it seeming vnto them that they herein had singular great wrong offered vnto them to be excluded Apollo perceiuing that this emulation might much hinder the generall Reformation to take away all impediments and to yeeld some satisfaction to the discontented Romans to those Grecian Sages he adioyned Marcus Cato and Annaus Seneca and in fauour of the Italian Philosophers hee constituted Iacobus Mazzon Secretary of the Congregation whom he graced with a consultiue voyce Vpon the ninteenth

turbulent humors and seditious deuises of the peeuish people who with their sicklenesse and instabilitie doe so worke as it is impossible to purchase and obtaine the vniuersall peace of mankind with any other instrument than with sowing those discords diuisions seditions and factions among Nations whereof you so much and so grieuously complaine for long experience hath made Princes to know that the huge and vnweldie machine of raigning securely is all built and reared vpon the firme foundation of equally-contributing and iustly-distributing And it is a thing most manifest that the people without Princes to sway and gouerne them would of themselues precipitate into more cruell seditions and bloudy quarrels than those which for the publike peace and generall good of all others sowe and breed among them All mischiefs oh you my most beloued very necessarie Although it grieuously grieueth mee to see that the infirmitie of those vniuersall iarrings and discords which now reigne in mankinde cannot be cured with any more soueraigne remedy and ready antidote than with the bitter medicine which you say is now so nastie vnto you Antonio Perez of Aragon hauing presented the Booke of his Relations vnto Apollo his Maiesty doth not onely refuse to accept it but commandeth the same to be presently burnt Rag. 60. 2. Part. ANtonio Perez whilom principall Secretary to the most mighty King of Spaine Philip the second knowing the bad opinion that that Secretary purchaseth vnto himselfe among all Nations who with distaste parteth from his Prince within a while after he had recouered himselfe in France for his owne discharge published vnto the world those his vnhappy Relations which haue so heauily laden him with infamy and blame For whilest he with all manner of art and skill should haue procured to conceale them vpon Thursday morning last dared to present them to Apollo who as soone as hee saw the Booke and was informed of the contents thereof fell into such indignation against him that euen then hee caused the same to be burnt in the publike chiefe Market-place and said vnto Perez That he had giuen vnto his Relations that place in Parnassus which he and they deserued And that to the end other Secretaries his equals might take example and learne to preferre secrecie and faithfulnesse of silence before the charity to ones proper life itselfe yea and before the loue of a mans owne selfe for euen as he deserueth the name of a treacherous and proditorious villaine that vpon any casuall distaste or conceiued vnkindnesse reuealeth the secrets committed to his trust in times of former friendship so a thousand times most shamefull infamous and euer to bee detested is that Secretary who for whatsoeuer hard vsage he may haue receiued from his Prince publisheth those secrets which by his Lord and Master haue beene imparted vnto him in forepassed confidence not onely voluntarily much lesse by any kinde of cruell racke or sharpe torture ought neuer to be published or disclosed to any creature whatsoeuer The Monarchie of Spaine is much agrieued that her falshoods and treacheries are discouered Rag. 2. 3 Part. IT is not yet well knowne whether it were by chance or by the malice of some Frenchmen or as many haue vehemently suspected by the machination of that Nation which is so implacable an enemy vnto the French some few yeares since a fire tooke hold of the Royall Palace of the Monarchie of France and so great was the flame and so dreadfull the blaze that the neighbouring Monarchies entred into feareful suspition that so huge a fire could hardly be quenched but with the ruine of their states so that euery man for the safety of his owne ranne speedily to quench the fire in an others house The English albeit naturall enemies vnto the French with all diligence brought thither the waters of their Thames The Germanes those of Mose and Rhine The Venetians did in a manner empty all their Fennes and Marishes The prudent Dukes of Tuscanie in great haste ran with all sorts of weapons to helpe to extinguish that consuming flame which wise men greatly feared was likely to end in an vniuersall desolation And truely it was wondrous strange to see that the Monarchy of Spaine knowne to be so deadly an enemy vnto the French shee also among the chiefe friends of France laboured with might and maine to extinquish that fire at which most men supposed that she would rather run merily to warme her selfe whereat all men stood amazed especially when they saw that shee with all solicitude and externall charity brought vnto it not onely the waters of her golden Tagus and Iberus but also of the vast Ocean of which when the English and the Hollanders please shee is absolute Mistris Since those Politicians sinisterly interpreting the Spaniards charity declared publikely that it was a most pernicious thing in the necessities of the French to admit the aides of those Spaniards who being knowne to be eternall foes capitall enemies vnto France ought rather to be esteemed the Architects of the vtter ruine of the French than zealous of the greatnesse and prosperitie of their kingdome as they who measuring all the Actions and proceedings of those which reigne among Princes by the onely compasse of priuate interesse doe seldome admit any manner of piety towards God much lesse of charity towards men And so much the more were such Polititians become abominable to most Nations as it manifestly appeares that the Spaniards in their forwardnesse diligence and charity to bring water vnto that fire did not equall onely but exceed whatsoeuer best friend vnto the French And that which increased the wonder and that among the simpler sort caused great reputation vnto the Monarchy of Spaine was that Flanders and Austria her ancient Patrimonies burning in a most cruell combustion of warre she had preferred the welfare and safety of the French before the charity of her owne preseruation But for so much as no humane endeuour nor store of water was sufficient to quench the least sparkle of so frightfull a fire And that notwithstanding all the diligence and remedies that were vsed the deuouring flames of those most fierce and bloody ciuill warres increasing daily more and more the wel-meaning and best affected simpler sort of men began to listen vnto the Polititians aduertisements and to suspect that the charity of the Spanish Monarchy was altogether priuate interesse and peculiar Spanish charity which made them resolue no longer to giue credit vnto outward apparences but inwardly to view what matter the Spaniards brought in their Caske and found that in lieu of water to quench fire they had filled them with pitch tarre rosen oile and turpentine and also with diabolicall dissentions to foment and increase the same Which treachery was likewise found to bee fauoured by certaine French Barons who more than others professing to bee charitable made vse both of the barrels and of the matter lent them by the Spaniards Whereupon they were by the

the world in the case as we see it The correction then consisteth in insusing of Charitie in mens hearts and the sacred loue towards their Neighbours which is one of the Precepts of God We must now imploy the whole engine of our ablest wits to take away the occasions of Hatred which make them so sauage and implacable I haue to the vttermost of my vnderstanding diued into the mysticall cause of this Hatred and I finde it to proceed of the inequalitie of worldly goods by that hellish vsage of Mine and Thine among our worldlings the very rock of all scandals And it is manifest that mens mindes depraued by Ambition Couetousnesse and Tyrannie haue occasioned this inequality and disproportioned Diuision And seeing that is true which all must confesse that this world is no other than an inheritance left by one Father and one Mother vnto mankind from whom as Brothers we all descend what Iustice is there but that euery one of vs should not haue share and share like throughout all the wide world the one as well as the other But now it falls out otherwise that the Good and Vertuous haue the least part and the wicked the greatest part The honest man a begger the dishonest by a preposterous order haue gotten their right and will not communicate the same no not to their owne flesh and bloud and neerest kinne Now I haue discouered vnto you the wound it is easie to apply the medicine The best aduise which I can giue is to come vnto a new diuision of the world and to let euery man haue his share and by this meanes there will be enough for euery one of vs without troubling one another Though Tyrants and Lawyers may for a time grudge at this equalitie yet true Iustice requires it for the pacifying of this vnnaturall hurly-barly And further to take away all disorders in time to come let there bee a Law enacted to forbid all chopping and changing all buying and selling to the worlds end A long time this opinion of Solon was canuased the which although it was esteemed necessary but not altogether good by Bias Periander and Pittacus was reproued notwithstanding by the rest of the Philosophicall Lords whiles that the iudgement of the wise Seneca preuailed who with most liuely reasons made all the Lords of the Congregation to vnderstand that if now they should come to a new diuision of the world againe there would ensue a very great disorder that too great a part would fall into the share of Gluttons and too little among braue Spirits who hold Sobriety Temperance and Reason the chiefe meanes to distinguish them which beare the image of God in their soules from bestiall Satanicall creatures and that the Plague Famine and Warre were not as many thought the most rigorous scourges wherewith God in his anger afflicts mankind but that the sorest and most grieuous whip wherewith he may torment them is to enrich villaines and base minded misers whose pelfe will at last worke the ruine of their dearest and better part being their Soules As soone as Solons opinion was refelled Chilon produced his Which of you quoth he most wise Philosophers knowes not That the insatiable thirst of Gold and Siluer hath not occasioned such mischiefes in the world as wee all see and many of vs haue felt What impietie what wickednesse what vnnaturall act is there which men will not commit and that with all diligence to rake together a masse of money and wealth Conclude yee then all couragiously with me that to root those vices out of the world wherewith this Age is corrupted there is no better way than to exterminate and vtterly to abolish the vse of those pestiferous mettals Gold and Siluer the true prouocations of all these miseries Irrimenta malorum Very goodly and specious in apparance seemed the sentence of Chilon but when it came to the scanning and triall it proued not solid at the stroke of the hammer of liuely reasons Because it was answered that men had brought the vse of Gold and Siluer that it might stand for the measure and counterpoyse of all bargains commerce betwixt party and party And if Gold and Siluer were prohibited they must of force imploy some other mettall or commoditie to supply their necessities which likewise would replenish the world with the same greedinesse of minde as before As in some part of the Indies they vse shels as currant as wee doe money And Cleobulus in particular with a kinde of Ironicall scoffe said My Lords we may as well banish out of the world Iron seeing that it is also a mettall which hath wrought infinite confusion among men Gold and Siluer for the vse destinated of God to be the balancing proportion of all things whereas Iron produced of Nature to make Ploughs Spades Harrowes necessarie tooles for tillage and gardens as for buildings hath beene maliciously peruerted toswords poniards and other instruments of war to destroy mankind With this opinion of Cleobulus albeit most true it was neuerthelesse concluded by all the Lords of the Reformation that it being a thing impossible to conuert Iron from men without peruerting Iron it should be no prudence to multiply their miseries and to heale the wound with more blowes Vnanimously it was resolued and concluded that men should still retaine the mettals of Gold and Siluer but to admonish the Refiners to take care for the well purifying of them not to lift them off from the fire vntill they were throughly assured that they had cleansed them from that clammie and fast clinging Turpentine which these kinde of mettals haue in them which caused that their Coines stucke exceeding fast to mens hands yea sometimes to their hands whom the world reputes for honest men After this with extraordinary grauity Pitiacus began thus The world most learned Philosophers is fallen into deplorable miseries because this moderne generation of mankind haue relinquished the beaten way of Vertue and haue chose to walke through those crooked by-paths of Vice whereby they steale away those Rewards due onely to the Vertuous Things are now reduced Lords to this passe that no man enters into the house of Dignities of Honors of Rewards as in old time through the Gate of Merit true desert and by vertuous paines but by the windowes they clammer like vnto filching theeues which climbe to peare-trees with their back-sides turned to the true owners Yea and we haue known some with the force of fauours and Violence of Bribes haue not beene ashamed to enter through the tops of Chimneyes and by casting downe the tiles haue through the very roofe come into the house of Honour To amend this corrupted course of behauiour the best way in my iudgement is to decree vpon paine of Death that no man hereafter be so hardy as to get into any well-deseruing place whether it be of Honor or Gaine but by the Royall high-way of Desert and to shut vp all other darke

and damnable wayes onely fit for Scritchowles and Sauage Beasts This is a great disheartning of our Learned rancke Wherehence many of our best vnderstanding Spirits doe verily beleeue that those Hypocrites haue ioyned vnto their Craft the Spels of the Magicke Art and thereby like Zoroastres they bewitch enchant an taint the mindes of some Princes yea and those of the wiser sort All the Reforming Lords admired this speech of Pittacus and were about to conclude with him if Periander had not thus opposed The disorder specified by Pittacus most prudent Lords is very true but for what cause a iudicious and wise Prince refuseth to preferre vertuous and learned men so pleasing to God so honourable and profitable for his State and wherefore in their stead hee serues himselfe being the life and fountaine of all goodnesse or at least seeming so to be with debauched vnworthy and base-minded wretches is a point of great import and to be considered of vs. I know the common opinion is that the Prince chuseth men which are like to humour and sooth him vp in his affections before the best deseruing Creature And I acknowledge that it is a Rule of State for a wise Prince to aduance no man to any degree but either for his wisedome or valour This foundamentall Rule of State is well knowne vnto him yet experience sheweth that few Princes practise it and mocke at such as shall tell them that they doe the contrary by a carelesse respect to the honour of their place But the truth is they promote ignorant persons new fellowes and of small desert before learned and vertuous men not by any default of their side but by errors I am sorry to speake it of the learned and vertuous themselues I confesse with you that Princes haue need of such and of braue minded Commanders for the warres But none of you will deny but they stand in more need of loyall and faithfull Ministers of State who with the gift of Secrecie may stead them as much as all their Treasure And now it is more than apparant that if honourable personages and valiant Souldiors had bin as true Secret to their Countrey as they ought we should not behold the infinite disorders which we see and obserue to our great griefe in this present age euen Pigmeyes in foure dayes to shoot vp as tall as Giants and all these vnworthy spectacles to happen for want of Fidelity and firme regard to the interest of State So corrupted is the mind of many men that forgetting their owne worths and valorous magnamities they will bee tempted with gold and ambition yea and after sufficient promotion by their natiue Prince some haue turned so vnthankfull as to become mercenary slaues to another Prince Which disasters Princes distrusting they are faine to confer Honour and Offices vnto vnworthy persons who might serue them with their Secrecie and Fidelity and proue more thankefull for their fauours As soone as Periander had ended his Opinion Bias spake in this wise There is not any among vs here but knowes most wise Lords that the world is become so much depraued because Mankind is departed from those sacred Lawes of a contented state the which God from the beginning allotted vnto euery Nation hauing assigned seuerall stations out of which they ought not to breake out The Britaines diuisos orbe Britannos he hath placed in Albion as in another world by themselues the Gothes in France the Spaniards in Spaine the Dutch in Germany the Italians in Italy and so other Nations in other habitations And because euery one of them should not trespasse or like a Deluge breake out vpon their bordering Neighbours His foreseeing Maiestie framed the fearefull Ocean to compasse about Great Britaine the Pyrenaean Mountaines as a wall betwixt France and Spaine and the Alpes betweene the Germanes and Italy as some part of them deuides this from France also The like wary diuision the Diuine Maiestie hath set betwixt Europe Africke as the Mediterranean Seas The which hee did of purpose that none should encroch vpon the other and not mingle one with anothers language as heretofore fell out at Babel nor subiect the other to forraigne Lawes and Customes whereby each one liuing at home with their neerest kinne might agree the better together without innouations or Tyrannies and not like Drones intrude into other mens liues to purloyne the sweet which others wrought Now for as much as the world is infected with the company and customes of strange Nations let euery Nation be ordered to returne into his proper limitation and for feare of the like sodaine and violent intrusions in time to come let it be also enacted that no ships be suffered to passe for the space of many yeares to come nor any to be built and if any Bridges lie betwixt seuerall Principalities to sunder them the better that these Bridges be pulled downe If this course be taken people shall liue more peaceably in their owne natiue soile With wondefull great attention this Declaration of Bias was heard the which notwithstanding it was subtilly examined by the profound wits of the Congregation at the last seemed not expedient to be put in practise by reason that they knew that the hatred though excessiue which reigned amogst diuers Nations are not naturall as some very simply haue coniectured but occasioned either by the artificiall sleights of some Princes or at least by the cunning tricks of some of their principall Ministers to busie their Princes and States braines while they enriched their Cofers with part of the Treasures which were to be laid out for the warres or casually brought into the Kingdome from the warres as prizes and booties Besides some Princes are skilfull masters to put in execution that old Maxime of policie Diuide Impera Diuide and command As for Bias his counsell to forbid Nauigation who knowes not but among all Nations vnited together that harmonicall perfection is pickt out for politicall Gouernment which cannot be found in any one particular States and this is gotten by peregrination into forreine countries so that an expert Traueller returnes home like the grand Vlysses hauing bettered his vnderstanding facultie by noting the diuersities of Spirits manners Lawes and Customes To this may be added the other exceeding great benefits as arise by Nauigation as the establishing of Plantations where their owne countrey ouerswarmes with multitudes of people the transportation of Commodities and the ciuilizing of Sauage Nations They obserue the wonderfull difference of Climates the seuerall natures of the cold the temperate and the Torrid Zones with many other remarkeable euents to the glory of our Creatour and their vnspeakeable pleasure Then Cleobulus desired leaue to speake who boldly thus began As farre I see we proceed like those light-headed fellowes who make publike Languages with new conceits and curious fancies to the outside beautifull but not with matter of profit as might edifie and reforme the world the onely cause of our