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ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A71306	Purchas his pilgrimes. part 4 In fiue bookes. The first, contayning the voyages and peregrinations made by ancient kings, patriarkes, apostles, philosophers, and others, to and thorow the remoter parts of the knowne world: enquiries also of languages and religions, especially of the moderne diuersified professions of Christianitie. The second, a description of all the circum-nauigations of the globe. The third, nauigations and voyages of English-men, alongst the coasts of Africa ... The fourth, English voyages beyond the East Indies, to the ilands of Iapan, China, Cauchinchina, the Philippinæ with others ... The fifth, nauigations, voyages, traffiques, discoueries, of the English nation in the easterne parts of the world ... The first part.	Purchas, Samuel, 1577?-1626.	1625 (1625)	STC 20509_pt4; ESTC S111862	1,854,238	887

signes how that we went to Apalachen and by those signes which he made vs it seemed he ment to signifie that hee was an enemy to them of Apalachen and would aide vs against them We gaue him Crownes Bels and such other things and he gaue the Gouernour the skin which he wore vpon him and so turned backe againe and we followed presently after him That euening we came vnto a Riuer which was very deepe and very broad and ran very furiously and not presuming to passe ouer it vpon rafts we made a Canoa and staied one whole day to passe ouer it so that if the Indians would haue iniured vs they might easily haue disturbed our passage and yet although they holped vs the best they could wee had much trouble One of our Horsemen called Iohn Velasquez a natiue of Cuellar because he would not stay tooke the Riuer with his Horse and the current of the Riuer being very strong cast him from his Horse who catching hold on the raines of the bridle drowned himselfe together with the Horse And those Indians of that Lord called Dulcancellin found the Horse and told vs where we should finde him in the Riuer below and so they went to search for him whose death much discontented vs because vntill that time there was not one man of our company wanting The Horse gaue many their suppers that night And so hauing passed that Riuer the day following we came vnto the people of that Lord who sent vs some of their Maiz. The next day we departed the Indians being fled The Gouernour left by the way an ambuscado of certaine Horsemen which as those Indians passed by issued out vpon them and tooke three or foure who before serued vs for guides and they brought vs through a very troublesome Countrey to trauaile and maruelous to behold where were huge Mountaines and very high Trees whereof so many were fallen to the ground that they intangled and stopped the way in such sort that we could not passe without going farre about to our great trouble and of those trees that were fallen the greater part were cleft from one end to the other through the thunderbolts that fall there great tempests being alwayes in that place with this trouble wee marched vntill the six and twentieth day of Iune at which day we came within the sight of Apalachen before they of the Towne perceiued vs. We rendered great thankes vnto God seeing our selues so neere vnto that place and supposing that to be true which had been spoken and hoping we should there end our great trauailes which wee had passed as well for the long and euill iourney as for the great famine which we had sustained Because although we sometimes found Maiz yet for the most part we went six or eight leagues without finding any And there were many amongst vs that through hunger and wearinesse had wounded their shoulders with continuall wearing of their armes besides the other calamities they daily incountered The Gouernour commanded me to take with me nine horse and fiftie foote and enter the towne which the Controler and I did and found none but little children and women because at that time the men were not there but going a little way from those places the Indians came and began to fight and shoot at vs and slew the Controulers horse but in the end they fled and left vs There we found great quantity of Maiz which stood ready to be gathered and had sufficient of which was dry romeining We found there many skinnes of wilde beasts taken by hunting and some garments of thred little and nought worth wherewith the women couer some parts of their person They had many Mils to grinde Maiz. Among these people there were forty little houses low built and in close places for feare of the great tempests to which that Countrey continually is accustomed The houses are made of straw of stubble and compassed about with Mountaynes standing thicke together and great Trees and many Seas of water where so many and so great Trees are falne that they trouble euery thing and cause that no man is able to trauell there without great incumberance The land from the place where we di barked vnto this people of Apalachen for the most part is plaine and the soyle consisteth of hard and solid sand and throughout all the same many great Trees and famous Mountaines are found where Nut trees are and Labrani and other which they call Laquidambares there are also Cedars Sauine-trees Holme-trees Pines Okes and low Palme-trees like those of Castile Throughout all that Countrey there are many great and little Lakes and some are very troublesome to passe as well for the great depth thereof as also by reason of the many trees which are fallen there The ground or bottome of them is sand and those Lakes which we found in the Prouince of Apalachen are much greater then all the other which we had found vntill then There are many fields of their Maiz in this Prouince and the houses are scattered through the Plaine like those of Gerbe The beasts which we saw there are Deere of three sorts Conies Hares Beares and Lions and other among which we saw one that carrieth her young in a bagge which shee hath in her belly where shee carrieth them all the time that they are little vntill they be able to goe and seeke their meate themselues And if by chance the young stand seeking food without the damme and people come vpon them shee flyeth not before she haue gathered them into her bagge The Countrey is very cold there and there are many good pastures for flockes There are also many sorts of Fowle Go●●ings in great abundance Geese Duckes Herons Black-birds and others of diuers sorts and there we saw many Falcons Ger-falcons Sparrow-hawkes and many other sorts of Birds Two dayes after we came to Apalachen the Indians that were fled returned vnto vs in peace demanding their children and we gaue them all except one Cazique of theirs whom the Gouernour retayned which was the occasion to cause them to depart offended who the day following returned as enemies and assailed vs with such fury and suddennesse that they came to set fire to the house where we were but so soone as wee came forth they fled and retired themselues vnto the Lakes which were very neere thereunto Whereupon by reason of them and the Corne which was very thicke there we could not doe them any hurt saue that we killed one man only The day following other Indians of another people which was on the other side came to vs and assailed vs after the same manner that the other had done before and fled likewise and one of them also was slaine We abode there fiue and twentie dayes in the which we caused three to enter within the Land and found it very poorely peopled and hard trauelling in respect of the troublesome passages

are inuited to praise the name of the Lord for hee hath commanded and they were created How much more should the tongue of man be the Pen of a readie writer and as it is called The glory of the man so imploy it selfe in setting forth the glory of God in his Workes of Creation Prouidence Redemption God is a Glorious Circle whose Center is euery where his circumference no where himselfe to himselfe is Circle and Circumference the Ocean of Entitie that very vbique from whom to whom the Centre of vnitie all diuersified lines of varietie issue and returne And although we euery where feele his present Deitie yet the difference of heauenly climate and influence causing such discording concord of dayes nights seasons such varietie of meteors elements aliments such noueltie in Beasts Fishes Fowles such luxuriant plentie and admirable raritie of Trees Shrubs Hearbs such fertilitie of soyle insinuation of Seas multiplicitie of Riuers safetie of Ports healthfulnesse of ayre opportunities of habitation materialls for action obiects for contemplation haps in present hopes of future worlds of varietie in that diuersified world doe quicken our mindes to apprehend whet our tongues to declare and fill both with arguments of diuine praise On the other side considering so good a Countrey so bad people hauing little of Humanitie but shape ignorant of Ciuilitie of Arts of Religion more brutish then the beasts they hunt more wild and vnmanly then that vnmanned wild Countrey which they range rather then inhabite captiuated also to Satans tyranny in foolish pieties mad impieties wicked idlenesse busie and bloudy wickednesse hence haue wee fit obiects of zeale and pitie to deliuer from the power of darknesse that where it was said Yee are not my people they may bee called the children of the liuing God that Iustice may so proceed in rooting out those murtherers that yet in iudgement imitating Gods de●ling with vs wee may remember Mercy to such as their owne innocence shall protect and Hope shall in Charitie iudge capable of Christian Faith And let men know that hee which conuerteth a sinner from the errour of his way shall saue a soule from death and shall hide a multitude of sinnes And Sauiours shall thus come on Mount Zion to iudge the Mount of Esau and the Kingdome of Virginia shall be Lord. Thus shall wee at once ouercome both Men and Deuills and espouse Virginia to one husband presenting her as a chast Uirgin to Christ. If the eye of Aduenturers were thus single how soone and all the body should be light But the louing our selues more then God hath detained so great blessings from vs to Virginia and from Virginia to vs. Godlinesse hath the promises of this life and that which is to come And if wee be carefull to doe Gods will he will be ready to doe ours All the rich endowments of Uirginia her Virgin-portion from the creation nothing lessened are wages for all this worke God in wisedome hauing enriched the Sauage Countries that those riches might be attractiues for Christian suters which there may sowe spirituals and reape temporals But what are those riches where we heare of no Gold nor Siluer and see more impouerished here then thence enriched and for Mines we heare of none but Iron Iron mindes Iron age of the world who gaue Gold or Siluer the Monopoly of wealth or made them the Almighties fauorites Precious perils specious punishments whose originall is neerest hell whose house is darknesse which haue no eye to see the heauens nor admit heauens eye guilty malefactors to see them neuer produced to light but by violence and conuinced vpon records written in bloud the occasioners of violence in the World which haue infected the surface of their natiue earth with deformity and sterility these Mines being fit emblemes of mindes couetous stored with want and euer wanting their owne store her bowels with darknesse damps deaths causing trouble to the neighbour Regions and mischiefe to the remotest Penurious mindes Is there no riches but Gold Mines Are Iron Mines neglected reiected for hopes of Siluer What and who else is the Alchymist and impostor which turnes the World and Men and all into Iron And how much Iron-workes in Warres and Massacres hath American Gold and Siluer wrought thorow all Christendome Neither speake I this as if our hopes were blasted and growne deplorate and desperate this way the Country being so little searched and the remote in-land-Mountaines vnknowne but to shew the fordid tincture and base alloy of these Mine-mindes Did not the Spanish Iron tell me you that contemne Iron-mines draw to it the Indian Siluer and Gold I will not be a Prophet for Spaine from Virginia But I cannot forget the wily apophthegme of the Pilots Boy in the Cacafuego a great Ship laden with treasure taken in the South Sea by Sir Francis Drake who seeing the English Ordnance command such treasure from the Spanish Cacafuego Our Ship said he shall be called the Cacaplata and the English may be named the Cacafuego I will not be so vnmannerly to giue you the homely English it is enough that English Iron brought home the Spanish-Indian Siluer and Gold But let vs consult with the wisest Councellour Canaan Abrahams promise Israels inheritance type of heauen and ioy of the earth What were her riches were they not the Grapes of Eshcol the balme of Gilead the Cedary neighbourhood of Libanus the pastury vale of Ierieho the dewes of heauen fertility of soile temper of climat the flowing not with Golden Sands but with Milke and Hony necessaries and pleasures of life not bottomelesse gulfes of lust the commodious scituation for two Seas and other things like in how many inferiour to this of Virginia What golden Country euer nourished with her naturall store the hundreth part of men in so small a proportion of earth as Dauid there mustered being 1100000. of Israel and 500000. of Iuda not reckoning the Tribes of Leui and Beniamin all able men for warres And after him in a little part of that little Iehoshaphat More I dare say then the Spaniards can finde in one hundred times so much of their Mine lands and choose their best in Peru New Spaine and the Ilands the Scriptures containing an infallible muster-booke of 1160000. able Souldiers in his small territories That then is the richest Land which can feede most men Man being a mortall God the best part of the best earth and visible end of the visible World What remarkeable Gold or Siluer Mines hath France Belgia Lumbardy or other the richest peeces of Europe what hath Babylonia Mauritania or other the best of Asia and Africke What this our fertile Mother England Aske our late Trauellers which saw so much of Spaine the most famous part of Europe for Mynes of old and inriched with the Mynes of the New World if an Englishman needs to enuy a Spaniard or prefer a Spanish life and happinesse to his owne Their old

without hauing any remedie of cure §. II. Of their manner of killing and eating of humane flesh and of their creating Gentlemen OF all the honours and pleasures of this life none is so great for this people as to kill and get a name on the heads of their Aduersaries neither are there among them any Feasts comparable to those which they make at the death of those which they kill with great Ceremonies which they doe in this manner Those which beeing taken in the Warre are appointed to die came presently from thence with a token which is a small coard about his necke and if hee bee a man that may runnne away he hath one hand tied to his necke vnder his chinne And before they come to the Townes that are by the way they paint their eie-lids eie-browes and their beards polling them after fashion and enpluming them with Yellow feathers so well placed that yee can see no haire which makes them so gallant as the Spaniards in their rich Apparell and so they goe sharing their victorie whereby soeuer they passe When they come to their owne Countrie the women came out to receiue them showting altogether and striking themselues on the mouth which is a common entertainment among them without any other vexation or imprisonment except that they weare about the necke a round collar like a coard of a good bignesse as hard as a sticke In this collar they beginne to weaue a great manie fathomes of small coard as long as a womans haire fastened aboue with a certaine knot and loose vnderneath and so it goeth from eare to eare behind the backe horrible to looke on And if it be on the Frontier where hee may runne away they put him in stead of shackels below the knees a string of threed twisted verie hard which is too weake for any Knife but that they haue Keepers that goe not one moment from him whether he goe about the houses to the Woods or by the Fields for he hath libertie for all this and commonly the keeper is one that is giuen him for wife and also for to dresse his meate with the which if his Masters doe giue him no meate as the custome is he taketh a Bow and Arrowes and shooteth at the first Henne he seeth or at a Ducke be it whosesoeuer and none doth contradict him and so he waxeth fat neither breaking therefore his sleepe his laughter or his pleasure as the rest and some are as contented though they are to bee eaten that in no wise they will consent to be ransomed for to serue for they say that it is a wretched thing to die and lie stinking and eaten with Wormes These women are commonly faithfull in their charge for they receiue honour thereby and therefore manie times they are young and daughters of the chiefe especially if their brothers are to be the slaiers For those which haue not this interest manie times affect them in such manner that not onely they giue them leaue to runne away but they also doe goe with them neither haue the women any other punishment if they bee taken againe then a few strokes and sometimes they are eaten of those same to whom they gaue life The time when he shall die being determined the women beginne to make vessels that is Bowles Traies and Pots for the Wines so great that euerie one will hold a pipe This being readie as well the principall as the rest doe send their Messengers to inuite others from sundrie places against such a Moone about tenne or twelue leagues compasse or more for the which none doth excuse himselfe The guests doe come in Mogotes or troupes with their wiues and children and all of them doe enter the Towne with Dancers and all the time the people are a gathering together there is Wine for the guests for without it all the other entertainments are nothing worth The people being assembled the Feasts beginne some daies before according to the number and certaine ceremonies preceding and euerie one lasteth a day First they haue for this certaine coards of Cotton-wooll of a reasonable bignesse not twisted but wouen of a verie faire worke it is a thing among them of great esteeme and none hath them but some principall men and according to their finenesse and workmanship and their taking pleasure it is to be beleeued that they are not made in a yeere These are alwaies verie safely kept and are carried to the place with great feast great noise in certain traies where a Master of these things doth tie two knots within from that which one of the points do run in such maner that in the midst there remaineth a noose These knots are so fine that few are found that can make them for some of them haue ten casts about fiue crossing ouer the other fiue as if one should crosse the fingers of the right hand ouer the left after they die them with thewater of a white clay like lime let them drie On the second day they bring a great number of burdens of wilde Canes or Reeds as long as Lances or more and at night they set them on fire in a round heape the points vpward leaning one to another and so they make a great and faire high bone-fire round about the which are men and women dancing with sheaues of arrowes at their backe but they goe very swiftly for hee that is to die which seeth them better then hee is seene because of the fire catcheth hold of all that he can and catcheth them and they beeing many hee misseth few times At the third day they make a dance of men and women all of them with pipes of Canes and all of them at once doe stampe on the ground now with one foot then with the other all together without missing a stroke and obseruing the same measure they play on their pipes and there is no other singing nor speaking they being many and the Canes some bigger and some smaller besides the resounding in the Woods they make a Hel-seeming harmonie but they abide it as if it were the sweetest Musicke in the World And these are their feasts besides others which they intermingle with many graces and soothsayings On the fourth day they carrie the captiued enemie as soone as the day breakes to wash him at a Riuer and they while the time that when they doe returne it may be broad day light comming i 〈…〉 o the Towne the Prisoner goeth presently with a watchfull eye for hee knoweth not out of what house or doore a valiant man is to come out to him that is to catch hold of him behind For as all their happinesse doth consist in dying valiantly and the ceremonie that followeth is now the neerest vnto death as he which is to lay hold of him doth shew his forces in ouer-comming him himselfe alone without any other helpe so he will shew courage and force in resisting him and sometimes he doth

attend and thereunto euery man came duely vpon his watch tooke the Bucket or Pumpe for one houre and rested another Then men might be seene to labour I may well say for life and the better sort euen our Gouernour and Admirall themselues not refusing their turne and to spell each the other to giue example to other The common sort stripped naked as men in Gallies the easier both to hold out and to shrinke from vnder the salt water which continually leapt in among them kept their eyes waking and their thoughts and hands working with tyred bodies and wasted spirits three dayes and foure nights destitute of outward comfort and desperate of any deliuerance testifying how mutually willing they were yet by labour to keepe each other from drowning albeit each one drowned whilest he laboured Once so huge a Sea brake vpon the poope and quarter vpon vs as it couered our Shippe from stearne to stemme like a garment or a vast cloude it filled her brimme full for a while within from the hatches vp to the sparre decke This source or confluence of water was so violent as it rusht and carried the Helm-man from the Helme and wrested the Whip-staffe out of his hand which so flew from side to side that when he would haue ceased the same againe it so tossed him from Star-boord to Lar-boord as it was Gods mercy it had not split him It so beat him from his hold and so bruised him as a fresh man hazarding in by chance fell faire with it and by maine strength bearing somewhat vp made good his place and with much clamour incouraged and called vpon others who gaue her now vp rent in pieces and absolutely lost Our Gouernour was at this time below at the Capstone both by his speech and authoritie heartening euery man vnto his labour It strooke him from the place where hee sate and groueled him and all vs about him on our faces beating together with our breaths all thoughts from our bosomes e●●e then that wee were now sinking For my part I thought her alreadie in the bottome of the Sea and I haue heard him say wading out of the floud thereof all his ambition was but to climbe vp aboue hatches to dye in Aperto coelo and in the company of his old friends It so stun'd the ship in her full pace that shee stirred no more then if shee had beene caught in a net or then as if the fabulous Remora had stucke to her fore-castle Yet without bearing one inch of saile euen then shee was making her way nine or ten leagues in a watch One thing it is not without his wonder whether it were the feare of death in so great a storme or that it pleased God to be gracious vnto vs there was not a passenger gentleman or other after hee beganne to stirre and labour but was able to relieue his fellow and make good his course And it is most true such as in all their life times had neuer done houres worke before their mindes now helping their bodies were able twice fortie eight houres together to toile with the best During all this time the heauens look'd so blacke vpon vs that it was not possible the eleuauation of the Pole might be obserued nor a Starre by night not Sunne beame by day was to be seene Onely vpon the thursday night Sir George Summers being vpon the watch had an apparition of a little round light like a saint Starre trembling and streaming along with a sparkeling blaze halfe the height vpon the Maine Mast and shooting sometimes from Shroud to Shroud tempting to settle as it were vpon any of the foure Shrouds and for three or foure houres together or rather more halfe the night it kept with vs running sometimes along the Maine-yard to the very end and then returning At which Sir George Summers called diuers about him and shewed them the same who obserued it with much wonder and carefulnesse but vpon a sodaine towards the morning watch they lost the sight of it and knew not what way it made The superstitious Sea-men make many constructions of this Sea-fire which neuerthelesse is vsuall in stormes the same it may be which the Graecians were wont in the Mediterranean to call Castor and Pollux of which if one onely appeared without the other they tooke it for an euill signe of great tempest The Italians and such who lye open to the Adriatique and Tyrrene Sea call it a sacred Body Corpo sancto the Spaniards call it Saint Elmo and haue an authentique and miraculous Legend for it Be it what it will we laid other foundations of safety or ruine then in the rising or falling of it could it haue serued vs now miraculously to haue taken our height by it might haue strucken amazement and a reuerence in our deuotions according to the due of a miracle But it did not light vs any whit the more to our knowne way who ran now as doe hood winked men at all aduentures sometimes North and North-east then North and by West and in an instant againe varying two or three points and sometimes halfe the Compasse East and by South we steered away as much as we could to beare vpright which was no small carefulnesse nor paine to doe albeit we much vnrigged our Ship threw ouer-boord much luggage many a Trunke and Chest in which I suffered no meane losse and staued many a Butt of Beere Hogsheads of Oyle Syder Wine and Vinegar and heaued away all our Ordnance on the Starboord side and had now purposed to haue cut downe the Maine Mast the more to lighten her for we were much spent and our men so weary as their stengths together failed them with their hearts hauing trauailed now from Tuesday till Friday morning day and night without either sleepe or foode for the leakeage taking vp all the hold wee could neither come by Beere nor fresh water fire we could keepe none in the Cookeroome to dresse any meate and carefulnesse griefe and our turne at the Pumpe or Bucket were sufficient to hold sleepe from our eyes And surely Madam it is most true there was not any houre a matter of admiration all these dayes in which we freed not twelue hundred Barricos of water the least whereof contained six gallons and some eight besides three deepe Pumpes continually going two beneath at the Capstone and the other aboue in the halfe Decke and at each Pumpe foure thousand stroakes at the least in a watch so as I may well say euery foure houres we quitted one hundred tunnes of water and from tuesday noone till friday noone we bailed and pumped two thousand tunne and yet doe what we could when our Ship held least in her after tuesday night second watch shee bore ten foote deepe at which stay our extreame working kept her one eight glasses forbearance whereof had instantly sunke vs and it being now Friday the fourth morning it wanted little but