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ii_o the_o enemy_n set_v upon_o the_o winter_v camp_n galba_n overthrow_v they_o the_o council_n be_v dismiss_v caesar_n they_o have_v scarce_o time_n to_o put_v in_o execution_n such_o thing_n as_o be_v agree_v upon_o for_o their_o defence_n but_o the_o enemy_n at_o a_o watchword_n give_v assault_v the_o camp_n on_o all_o side_n with_o stone_n and_o dart_n and_o other_o cast_a weapon_n the_o roman_n at_o first_o when_o their_o strength_n be_v fresh_a valiant_o resist_v the_o brunt_n of_o the_o charge_n neither_o do_v they_o spend_v in_o vain_a any_o weapon_n which_o they_o cast_v from_o the_o rampire_n but_o what_o part_n soever_o of_o their_o camp_n seem_v to_o be_v in_o great_a danger_n and_o want_v of_o help_n thither_o they_o come_v with_o succour_n and_o relief_n but_o herein_o they_o be_v overmatch_v for_o the_o enemy_n be_v spend_v and_o weary_v with_o fight_n whensoever_o any_o of_o they_o give_v place_n and_o forsake_v the_o battle_n there_o be_v always_o fresh_a combatant_n 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to_o flight_n not_o suffer_v they_o to_o stay_v upon_o the_o hill_n near_o about_o they_o have_v thus_o overthrow_v the_o enemy_n whole_a strength_n and_o take_v their_o arm_n they_o draw_v again_o into_o their_o quarter_n observation_n which_o strange_a alteration_n lively_o describe_v the_o force_n of_o novelty_n battle_n and_o the_o effectual_a power_n of_o unexpected_a adventure_n for_o in_o the_o first_o course_n of_o their_o proceed_n wherein_o the_o roman_n defend_v the_o camp_n and_o the_o gall_n charge_v it_o by_o assault_n the_o victory_n hold_v constant_a with_o the_o gall_n and_o threaten_a death_n and_o mortality_n to_o the_o roman_n neither_o have_v they_o any_o mean_n to_o recover_v hope_n of_o better_a success_n but_o by_o try_v another_o way_n which_o so_o much_o the_o more_o amaze_v the_o gall_n in_o that_o they_o have_v vehement_o apprehend_v a_o opinion_n of_o victory_n
consulship_n which_o obtain_v he_o carry_v himself_o in_o it_o with_o that_o reputation_n that_o his_o co-consul_n bibulus_n leave_v all_o to_o his_o managery_n to_o maintain_v the_o authority_n he_o have_v get_v he_o himself_o take_v to_o wife_n calpurnia_n the_o daughter_n of_o lucius_n piso_n who_o be_v to_o succeed_v he_o in_o the_o consulate_a and_o bestow_v his_o own_o daughter_n julia_n on_o pompey_n and_o so_o take_v in_o crassus_n they_o make_v a_o league_n and_o be_v equal_o ambitious_a conspire_v to_o invade_v the_o commonwealth_n caesar_n choose_v for_o his_o province_n the_o gall_n or_o france_n crassus_n asia_n pompey_n spain_n whither_o they_o go_v with_o three_o puissant_a army_n as_o if_o the_o world_n have_v be_v to_o be_v trichotomize_v among_o these_o three_o what_o caesar_n do_v in_o his_o province_n what_o battle_n he_o fight_v what_o people_n he_o subdue_v what_o valour_n policy_n success_n follow_v he_o every_o where_o may_v be_v see_v in_o his_o own_o commentary_n of_o that_o war_n approve_v by_o his_o very_a enemy_n as_o modest_a and_o impartial_a and_o attest_v by_o cicero_n plutarch_n suetonius_n appianus_n alexandrinus_n lucan_n paulus_n orosius_n florus_n eutropius_n too_o great_a a_o testimony_n against_o one_o censorious_a asinius_n pollio_n by_o this_o war_n caesar_n get_v the_o reputation_n of_o the_o great_a captain_n that_o ever_o be_v subdue_a all_o france_n from_o the_o pyrenean_n hill_n to_o the_o alps_o and_o so_o to_o the_o rhine_n but_o to_o forbear_v particular_a instance_n as_o that_o he_o conquer_v the_o suisser_n and_o tigurin_n who_o be_v according_a to_o plutarch_n 300000._o man_n whereof_o 19000._o be_v well_o discipline_v this_o be_v most_o worth_a our_o remark_n that_o during_o these_o so_o great_a war_n he_o omit_v not_o both_o by_o intelligence_n and_o present_n to_o endear_v his_o friend_n both_o at_o rome_n and_o elsewhere_o do_v many_o thing_n without_o the_o senate_n leave_n upon_o the_o score_n of_o the_o league_n with_o pompey_n and_o crassus_n nay_o his_o court_v of_o all_o sort_n of_o people_n both_o soldier_n and_o citizen_n be_v none_o of_o his_o least_o masterpiece_n by_o which_o mean_n he_o have_v supplant_v pompey_n in_o matter_n of_o esteem_n before_o he_o perceive_v it_o to_o this_o purpose_n have_v pliny_n observe_v lib._n 33._o cap._n 3._o that_o in_o the_o time_n of_o his_o aedility_n that_o be_v to_o say_v his_o shrievedome_n he_o be_v so_o prodigal_a that_o all_o the_o utensil_n and_o arm_n that_o he_o make_v use_v of_o at_o public_a sport_n and_o combat_n be_v all_o of_o silver_n which_o yet_o afterward_o be_v bestow_v among_o the_o people_n and_o that_o he_o be_v the_o first_o that_o ever_o bring_v forth_o the_o beast_n in_o chariot_n and_o cage_n of_o silver_n this_o it_o be_v make_v some_o suspect_v he_o guilty_a of_o rapine_n and_o that_o he_o plunder_v temple_n and_o city_n saepius_fw-la ob_fw-la praedam_fw-la quam_fw-la ob_fw-la delictum_fw-la but_o this_o 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thessaly_n egypt_n asia_n and_o africa_n through_o all_o which_o after_o it_o have_v ravage_v 5._o year_n the_o controversy_n be_v decide_v in_o spain_n that_o ambition_n the_o imperfection_n only_o of_o the_o great_a mind_n may_v have_v be_v the_o occasion_n of_o so_o inveterate_a a_o war_n have_v be_v the_o opinion_n of_o divers_a other_o who_o charge_v not_o pompey_n with_o so_o great_a discovery_n of_o it_o as_o caesar_n to_o who_o they_o assign_v a_o great_a than_o the_o empire_n as_o if_o their_o mutual_a distrust_n and_o jealousy_n of_o one_o another_o shall_v be_v able_a to_o cause_v so_o many_o tragedy_n through_o so_o many_o country_n beside_o caesar_n have_v his_o enemy_n at_o rome_n and_o among_o other_o cato_n who_o threaten_v to_o impeach_v he_o when_o he_o be_v once_o out_o of_o command_n what_o bandy_n there_o be_v against_o he_o we_o find_v somewhat_o in_o the_o late_a end_n of_o the_o eight_o commentary_n to_o this_o purpose_n lentulus_n and_o marcellus_n both_o of_o pompey_n faction_n be_v consul_n it_o be_v move_v in_o the_o senate_n that_o caesar_n may_v be_v call_v home_o and_o another_o send_v to_o supply_v his_o command_n of_o the_o army_n then_o in_o gallia_n since_o that_o he_o have_v write_v for_o the_o consulship_n shall_v according_a to_o law_n have_v be_v personal_o in_o rome_n caesar_n demand_v to_o be_v continue_v in_o commission_n and_o government_n and_o that_o he_o may_v demand_v the_o consulship_n absent_a this_o pompey_n oppose_v though_o he_o himself_o as_o much_o contrary_n to_o law_n have_v have_v the_o consulship_n and_o other_o dignity_n before_o he_o be_v at_o full_a age._n this_o deny_v caesar_n propose_v that_o he_o will_v come_v to_o rome_n as_o a_o private_a man_n and_o give_v over_o his_o command_n so_o that_o pompey_n quit_v his_o employment_n in_o spain_n about_o this_o the_o senate_n be_v much_o divide_v cicero_n propose_v a_o mediation_n but_o pompey_n party_n prevail_v it_o be_v decree_v that_o caesar_n shall_v by_o a_o certain_a time_n quit_v his_o command_n and_o shall_v not_o pass_v his_o army_n over_o the_o river_n rubicon_n which_o bound_v his_o province_n declare_v he_o a_o enemy_n to_o the_o roman_a state_n in_o case_n of_o refusal_n c._n curio_n and_o m._n antonius_n the_o tribune_n of_o the_o people_n out_o of_o their_o affection_n to_o caesar_n endeavour_v to_o oppose_v this_o decree_n be_v thrust_v disgraceful_o out_o of_o the_o senate_n which_o occasion_v they_o to_o repair_v to_o caesar_n whereby_o they_o endear_v the_o affection_n of_o the_o soldiery_n to_o he_o the_o office_n of_o the_o tribune_n be_v ever_o hold_v sacred_a and_o unviolable_a caesar_n understanding_n how_o thing_n stand_v at_o rome_n march_v with_o 5000._o foot_n and_o 300._o horse_n to_o ravenna_n have_v command_v the_o legion_n to_o follow_v come_v to_o the_o fatal_a passage_n of_o rubicon_n he_o enter_v into_o a_o deep_a deliberation_n consider_v the_o importance_n and_o misery_n that_o may_v ensue_v that_o passage_n at_o last_o in_o the_o midst_n of_o his_o anxiety_n he_o be_v animate_v to_o a_o prosecution_n of_o his_o design_n by_o the_o apparition_n of_o a_o man_n of_o a_o extraordinary_a stature_n and_o shape_n sit_v near_o unto_o his_o army_n pipe_v upon_o a_o reed_n the_o soldier_n go_v down_o to_o the_o river_n side_n to_o hear_v he_o and_o approach_v so_o near_o that_o he_o catch_v one_o of_o their_o trumpet_n and_o leap_v into_o the_o river_n begin_v with_o a_o mighty_a blast_n to_o sound_v and_o so_o go_v to_o the_o bank_n of_o the_o other_o side_n this_o resolve_v caesar_n who_o cry_v out_o let_v we_o go_v whither_o the_o god_n and_o the_o injurious_a deal_n of_o our_o enemy_n call_v we_o with_o which_o he_o set_v spur_n to_o his_o horse_n and_o past_o the_o river_n the_o army_n follow_v who_o will_v be_v more_o particular_o inform_v may_v be_v satisfy_v out_o of_o appianus_n alexandrinus_n suetonius_n plutarch_n in_o the_o life_n of_o caesar_n cato_n and_o cicero_n st._n augustine_n l._n 3._o de_fw-fr c._n d._n caesar_n himself_o in_o his_o commentary_n florus_n livy_n paulus_n orosius_n eutropius_n lucan_n pliny_n de_fw-fr viris_fw-la illustribus_fw-la valerius_n maximus_n etc._n etc._n have_v pass_v the_o river_n and_o draw_v the_o army_n together_o the_o tribunes_z come_v to_o he_o in_o those_o dishonourable_a garment_n wherein_o they_o have_v flee_v from_o rome_n whereupon_o he_o make_v a_o excellent_a oration_n to_o the_o soldiery_n open_v to_o they_o his_o cause_n which_o be_v answer_v with_o general_a acclamation_n and_o promise_n of_o duty_n and_o obedience_n to_o all_o command_n this_o do_v he_o seize_v ariminum_n and_o divers_a other_o town_n and_o castle_n as_o he_o pass_v till_o he_o come_v to_o corfinium_n where_o domitius_n who_o be_v to_o succeed_v he_o in_o his_o command_n be_v garrison_v with_o 30._o cohort_n caesar_n advance_n and_o intention_n astonish_v rome_n senate_n and_o people_n nay_o
shore_n of_o the_o aegaean_a sea_n where_o meet_v accidental_o with_o a_o certain_a merchant_n ship_n of_o rome_n he_o embark_v himself_o in_o she_o and_o sail_n to_o mitylene_n where_o his_o wife_n and_o family_n be_v have_v take_v they_o with_o he_o and_o get_v together_o what_o man_n and_o ship_n a_o shatter_v fortune_n can_v furnish_v he_o with_o he_o depart_v thence_o in_o very_o great_a doubt_n and_o perplexity_n not_o able_a to_o resolve_v whither_o to_o dispose_v of_o himself_o he_o be_v advise_v by_o some_o to_o march_v into_o africa_n and_o shelter_v himself_o with_o juba_n who_o friendship_n and_o affection_n towards_o he_o he_o have_v receive_v testimony_n of_o but_o very_o late_o other_o be_v of_o opinion_n his_o best_a course_n be_v to_o retire_v among_o the_o parthian_n but_o at_o last_o by_o his_o own_o wilfulness_n it_o be_v vote_v he_o shall_v go_v into_o egypt_n which_o he_o be_v the_o more_o incline_v to_o out_o of_o a_o consideration_n of_o the_o friendship_n and_o correspondence_n which_o he_o have_v have_v with_o king_n ptolemey_n father_n to_o he_o who_o then_o reign_v and_o so_o touch_v at_o cyprus_n he_o sail_v towards_o egypt_n and_o arrive_v at_o alexandria_n thus_o be_v the_o controversy_n for_o no_o less_o than_o the_o know_a world_n decide_v in_o one_o day_n caesar_n be_v master_n of_o the_o field_n and_o victory_n of_o pompey_n side_n there_o be_v slay_v fifteen_o thousand_o if_o you_o will_v take_v it_o upon_o caesar_n credit_n and_o of_o his_o own_o not_o two_o thousand_o caesar_n have_v intelligence_n of_o pompey_n flight_n pursue_v he_o without_o any_o stay_n with_o the_o swift_a and_o light_a of_o his_o army_n so_o to_o give_v he_o as_o little_a breath_n as_o he_o can_v afford_v that_o he_o may_v not_o meet_v with_o any_o mean_n or_o opportunity_n to_o recover_v or_o repair_v himself_o reduce_v all_o city_n as_o he_o pass_v he_o come_v to_o the_o sea_n side_n and_o take_v up_o all_o the_o ship_n and_o galley_n he_o can_v meet_v with_o and_o such_o as_o cassius_n who_o be_v receive_v into_o his_o favour_n can_v furnish_v he_o with_o he_o embark_v such_o troop_n as_o he_o can_v and_o pass_v into_o asia_n the_o less_o where_o understanding_n that_o pompey_n have_v be_v at_o cyprus_n he_o easy_o presume_v that_o he_o be_v go_v for_o egypt_n he_o thereupon_o resolve_v to_o take_v the_o same_o course_n and_o take_v with_o he_o only_o two_o legion_n of_o his_o old_a soldier_n he_o safe_o arrive_v at_o alexandria_n where_o he_o soon_o understand_v that_o pompey_n be_v arrive_v upon_o a_o confidence_n as_o be_v say_v before_o there_o may_v have_v remain_v some_o sense_n and_o memory_n in_o young_a ptolemey_n of_o the_o entertainment_n and_o favour_n he_o have_v do_v his_o father_n but_o he_o be_v as_o much_o mistake_v in_o this_o as_o he_o have_v be_v elude_v by_o fotune_n in_o the_o war_n for_o he_o find_v that_o the_o friendship_n of_o great_a man_n and_o prince_n seldom_o outlive_v their_o prosperity_n and_o that_o adversity_n make_v they_o the_o great_a stranger_n that_o may_v be_v be_v by_o this_o king_n ptolemey_n invite_v into_o protection_n and_o upon_o that_o confidence_n come_v towards_o the_o shore_n in_o a_o small_a boat_n he_o be_v ere_o he_o can_v reach_v the_o land_n murder_v by_o the_o same_o king_n commandment_n by_o septimius_n and_o achillas_n who_o think_v by_o that_o mean_n to_o purchase_v caesar_n favour_n this_o be_v do_v by_o the_o contrivance_n of_o photinus_n a_o eunuch_n who_o authority_n both_o with_o king_n and_o court_n be_v very_o great_a caesar_n receive_v also_o news_n that_o pompey_n wife_n and_o his_o son_n sextus_n pompeius_n be_v flee_v from_o that_o port_n in_o the_o same_o vessel_n wherein_o they_o come_v be_v land_v and_o receive_v into_o the_o city_n he_o be_v soon_o present_v with_o the_o head_n of_o the_o great_a pompey_n which_o out_o of_o a_o consideration_n of_o the_o horridnesse_n of_o the_o fact_n he_o will_v not_o by_o any_o mean_n see_v his_o ring_n also_o and_o his_o seal_n with_o his_o coat_n of_o arm_n upon_o it_o be_v present_v to_o he_o which_o cause_v he_o to_o reflect_v on_o the_o great_a success_n adventure_n and_o prosperity_n of_o that_o great_a and_o glorious_a man_n beside_o that_o he_o be_v to_o look_v on_o he_o as_o his_o son_n in_o law_n it_o draw_v tear_n from_o he_o to_o compare_v they_o with_o his_o unfortunate_a end_n thus_o be_v he_o who_o have_v three_o time_n triumph_v be_v so_o many_o time_n consul_n be_v the_o most_o eminent_a and_o the_o most_o concern_v person_n that_o rome_n have_v for_o so_o many_o year_n together_o one_o who_o have_v be_v acquaint_v with_o all_o the_o dignity_n so_o great_a a_o commonwealth_n can_v confer_v upon_o a_o deserve_a citizen_n most_o inhumane_o and_o perfidious_o assassinate_v to_o the_o great_a regret_n of_o he_o who_o be_v look_v on_o as_o most_o desirous_a of_o it_o this_o in_o the_o mean_a time_n conclude_v that_o opinion_n erroneous_a that_o caesar_n be_v so_o extreme_o overjoy_v at_o the_o news_n of_o pompey_n death_n that_o he_o cause_v upon_o that_o very_a place_n where_o he_o have_v order_v his_o head_n to_o be_v inter_v a_o temple_n to_o be_v build_v to_o the_o goddess_n nemesis_n which_o some_o interpret_v a_o most_o unnatural_a revengefulnesse_n a_o horrid_a insultation_n over_o a_o clamitous_a virtue_n and_o a_o profanation_n of_o divine_a worship_n to_o abuse_v the_o name_n of_o a_o goddess_n for_o to_o immortalize_v the_o memory_n of_o his_o vengeance_n and_o to_o authorise_v the_o injustice_n of_o it_o but_o it_o be_v as_o easy_a to_o give_v the_o title_n of_o barbarism_n and_o cruelty_n to_o magnanimity_n and_o height_n of_o courage_n as_o to_o say_v the_o contrary_a and_o therefore_o caesar_n certain_o can_v not_o be_v guilty_a of_o so_o great_a a_o hypocrisy_n as_o to_o shed_v tear_n over_o his_o enemy_n head_n when_o he_o be_v inward_o surprise_v with_o joy_n caesar_n upon_o his_o arrival_n into_o egypt_n find_v it_o embroil_v in_o civil_a war_n arise_v from_o some_o difference_n between_o young_a ptolemey_n and_o his_o sister_n cleopatra_n about_o the_o division_n and_o inheritance_n of_o the_o kingdom_n wherein_o caesar_n as_o consul_n of_o rome_n think_v sit_v to_o be_v a_o mediator_n photinus_n and_o achillas_n the_o plotter_n and_o practiser_n of_o pompey_n death_n fear_v from_o caesar_n a_o reward_n of_o vengeance_n proportion_v to_o so_o horrid_a a_o crime_n and_o perceive_v his_o inclination_n to_o favour_n cleopatra_n take_v such_o order_n by_o their_o great_a influence_n over_o king_n and_o court_n that_o they_o bring_v what_o army_n the_o king_n have_v near_o the_o city_n which_o consist_v of_o about_o 20000._o able_a man_n and_o this_o they_o do_v out_o of_o a_o design_n to_o entrap_v caesar_n and_o act_v the_o same_o perfidious_a butchery_n upon_o he_o as_o they_o have_v do_v upon_o pompey_n by_o this_o mean_n there_o begin_v between_o what_o force_v caesar_n have_v bring_v with_o he_o and_o those_o of_o the_o egyptian_n within_n and_o about_o the_o city_n as_o also_o between_o the_o ship_n and_o galley_n in_o harbour_n the_o hot_a dispute_n and_o sharp_a encounter_n he_o ever_o meet_v with_o which_o we_o shall_v not_o particularize_v here_o because_o it_o be_v the_o proper_a work_n of_o a_o complete_a history_n one_o thing_n our_o observation_n can_v balk_v in_o these_o hot_a and_o occasional_a engagement_n that_o caesar_n himself_o be_v personal_o engage_v in_o most_o dispute_n both_o within_o the_o city_n and_o among_o the_o ship_n and_o that_o to_o the_o great_a hazard_n of_o his_o person_n as_o may_v appear_v by_o that_o one_o adventure_n when_o he_o be_v force_v to_o leap_v out_o of_o the_o boat_n wherein_o he_o be_v into_o the_o sea_n and_o by_o swim_v to_o recover_v one_o of_o his_o galley_n and_o be_v in_o this_o great_a extremity_n if_o you_o will_v believe_v suetonius_n he_o carry_v his_o commentary_n in_o one_o hand_n above_o the_o water_n and_o his_o robe_n in_o his_o tooth_n that_o it_o may_v not_o fall_v into_o the_o enemy_n hand_n in_o these_o conflict_n be_v there_o nine_o month_n spend_v at_o which_o time_n caesar_n receive_v his_o force_n out_o of_o asia_n make_v a_o end_n of_o the_o controversy_n with_o the_o same_o attendance_n of_o fortune_n and_o victory_n which_o have_v wait_v on_o he_o every_o where_o else_o have_v caesar_n be_v acquaint_v with_o no_o war_n but_o this_o he_o may_v just_o challenge_v the_o title_n of_o the_o great_a captain_n in_o the_o world_n so_o much_o personal_a valour_n wisdom_n conduct_n circumspection_n and_o policy_n do_v he_o express_v in_o all_o passage_n thereof_o though_o encompass_v with_o all_o the_o inconvenience_n and_o disadvantage_n imaginable_a egypt_n be_v thus_o quiet_v the_o murderer_n of_o pompey_n punish_v and_o cleopatra_n by_o who_o caesar_n
make_v use_n of_o a_o javelin_n or_o pike_n as_o well_o as_o mars_n but_o it_o be_v to_o be_v conceive_v this_o be_v more_o for_o the_o convenience_n of_o his_o travel_n which_o be_v afoot_a and_o that_o many_o time_n in_o the_o winter_n haply_o over_o the_o alps_n according_a to_o the_o custom_n of_o most_o of_o the_o great_a captain_n and_o general_n of_o rome_n as_o livy_n and_o plutarch_n abundant_o attest_v the_o ten_o medal_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d caiazzo_n julii_fw-la caesaris_fw-la imperatoris_fw-la dictatoris_fw-la the_o effigy_n of_o caesar_n crown_v with_o a_o thick_a crown_n of_o laurel_n which_o close_v before_o the_o better_a to_o cover_v his_o baldness_n the_o hair_n be_v thrust_v forward_o to_o help_v it_o the_o reverse_n have_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d iliensium_fw-la bis_fw-la neocororum_fw-la aeneas_n carry_v his_o father_n and_o the_o palladium_n at_o their_o quit_n of_o troy_n the_o little_a julus_n go_v before_o with_o his_o hat_n in_o his_o hand_n that_o which_o in_o this_o fall_v under_o question_n be_v first_o to_o know_v the_o situation_n of_o this_o ilium_n wherein_o strabo_n have_v spend_v more_o sweat_n than_o all_o the_o geographer_n affirm_v it_o be_v not_o the_o ilium_n of_o his_o time_n a_o town_n well_o know_v nor_o any_o thing_n build_v upon_o the_o ruin_n of_o the_o old_a one_o so_o ill-entreated_n by_o the_o greek_n as_o be_v distant_a from_o this_o thirty_o stadia_fw-la that_o in_o that_o place_n there_o be_v only_o a_o small_a village_n bear_v up_o the_o name_n that_o it_o be_v build_v up_o by_o alexander_n from_o a_o small_a town_n that_o it_o be_v before_o have_v a_o little_a temple_n of_o minerva_n much_o ruin_v and_o receive_v from_o he_o divers_a privilege_n and_o immunity_n with_o a_o promise_n after_o his_o victory_n over_o darius_n of_o a_o magnificent_a temple_n and_o the_o toleration_n and_o set_v up_o of_o game_n and_o exercise_n this_o be_v partly_o execute_v after_o his_o death_n by_o lysimachus_n who_o enlarge_v the_o city_n by_o a_o wall_n of_o forty_o stadia_fw-la dispose_v thither_o many_o out_o of_o the_o neighbour_a city_n that_o be_v ruin_v after_o which_o it_o be_v ruin_v and_o restore_v diverse_a time_n but_o last_o it_o receive_v great_a favour_n from_o sylla_n which_o be_v conceive_v to_o be_v the_o reason_n that_o it_o declare_v against_o caesar_n in_o the_o civil_a war_n whence_o it_o may_v be_v infer_v that_o those_o of_o that_o city_n know_v not_o at_o that_o time_n that_o caesar_n pretend_v to_o be_v of_o the_o race_n of_o venus_n and_o anchises_n which_o be_v only_o find_v out_o after_o his_o victory_n but_o at_o length_n caesar_n receive_v they_o into_o favour_n restore_v and_o confirm_v their_o ancient_a privilege_n and_o immunity_n and_o imitate_v alexander_n do_v they_o many_o courtesy_n in_o the_o second_o place_n the_o understanding_n of_o these_o word_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d or_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d iliensium_fw-la neocororum_fw-la the_o word_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d be_v translate_v common_o aedituorum_fw-la which_o we_o can_v render_v proper_o in_o english_a but_o by_o overseer_n supervisor_n and_o those_o that_o be_v entrust_v with_o the_o charge_n of_o the_o temple_n and_o dispose_v of_o all_o thing_n sacred_a or_o in_o some_o sort_n they_o be_v such_o as_o we_o call_v churchwarden_n in_o our_o church_n but_o they_o be_v not_o those_o neocori_n of_o the_o temple_n that_o this_o medal_n and_o divers_a other_o represent_v unto_o we_o but_o the_o word_n be_v analogical_o apply_v to_o whole_a nation_n as_o also_o to_o city_n and_o body_n corporate_a to_o who_o the_o king_n and_o afterward_o the_o emperor_n give_v commission_n to_o make_v panegyric_n and_o encomiastic_a oration_n upon_o their_o statue_n pomp_n religious_a worship_n public_a recreation_n and_o exercise_n to_o the_o honour_n of_o their_o god_n and_o prince_n which_o be_v do_v out_o of_o the_o public_a stock_n or_o by_o the_o contribution_n of_o the_o corporation_n as_o therefore_o the_o neocori_n that_o belong_v to_o the_o temple_n be_v disposer_n and_o guardian_n of_o the_o thing_n sacred_a that_o be_v in_o their_o sanctuary_n nay_o haply_o entertain_v the_o people_n or_o stranger_n with_o the_o rarity_n and_o antiquity_n of_o their_o worship_n and_o mystery_n so_o these_o national_n neocori_n have_v the_o superintendency_n over_o the_o pomp_n and_o solemnity_n panegyricall_a celebration_n exercise_n sacrifice_n and_o ceremony_n which_o be_v to_o be_v observe_v upon_o the_o more_o festival_n day_n whereof_o they_o have_v the_o absolute_a disposal_n this_o i_o build_v upon_o the_o conjecture_n of_o the_o great_a and_o learned_a selden_n who_o be_v the_o first_o cut_v this_o gordian_a knot_n upon_o a_o passage_n of_o the_o act_n of_o the_o apostle_n chap._n 19_o there_o we_o have_v demetrius_n and_o those_o of_o his_o profession_n raise_v a_o tumult_n and_o accuse_v st._n paul_n and_o other_o for_o preach_v that_o the_o statue_n make_v with_o the_o hand_n of_o man_n be_v not_o go_n the_o town-clark_n or_o the_o churchwarden_n have_v appease_v the_o tumult_n tell_v they_o that_o it_o be_v wellknown_a that_o the_o city_n of_o ephesus_n be_v then_o neocore_n in_o the_o english_a translation_n worshipper_n of_o the_o great_a goddess_n diana_n and_o of_o the_o image_n fall_v from_o jupiter_n and_o that_o therefore_o there_o be_v no_o contradiction_n in_o that_o they_o ought_v not_o to_o do_v any_o thing_n rash_o for_o these_o man_n faith_n he_o be_v neither_o sacrilegious_a nor_o blasphemous_a person_n and_o therefore_o have_v do_v nothing_o against_o the_o majesty_n of_o diana_n but_o if_o they_o have_v any_o matter_n against_o any_o man_n the_o law_n be_v open_a but_o in_o case_n it_o be_v something_o else_o relate_v to_o their_o goddess_n whether_o by_o blasphemy_n impiety_n or_o sacrilege_n the_o cognizance_n whereof_o do_v of_o right_o belong_v to_o the_o ephesian_n in_o body_n as_o be_v then_o neocori_n they_o shall_v have_v satisfaction_n in_o a_o full_a assembly_n convocate_v for_o thing_n of_o that_o nature_n now_o those_o silver_n shrine_n which_o demetrius_n be_v say_v to_o make_v be_v conceive_v to_o have_v be_v model_n of_o that_o magnificent_a temple_n which_o the_o ephesian_n be_v neocori_n cause_v out_o of_o magnifice_fw-la to_o be_v make_v of_o that_o rich_a metal_n have_v this_o controversy_n between_o the_o apostle_n and_o the_o goldsmith_n come_v to_o a_o decision_n they_o have_v proceed_v thus_o they_o will_v have_v have_v some_o to_o make_v public_a panegyric_n of_o their_o goddess_n in_o the_o first_o place_n then_o if_o paul_n and_o his_o companion_n shall_v not_o rest_v satisfy_v this_o neocorean_a people_n will_v have_v punish_v they_o according_a to_o their_o manner_n now_o that_o the_o neocori_n of_o the_o temple_n be_v use_v to_o commend_v to_o all_o comer_n especial_o traveller_n the_o greatness_n and_o power_n of_o their_o god_n and_o that_o the_o neocori_n of_o city_n imitate_v they_o but_o do_v it_o with_o great_a pomp_n employ_v person_n eminent_a for_o learning_n and_o eloquence_n as_o poet_n and_o orator_n for_o the_o honour_n of_o their_o god_n as_o also_o their_o king_n monarch_n emperor_n founder_n and_o that_o upon_o day_n in_o stituted_a and_o ordain_v for_o that_o purpose_n may_v be_v learn_v from_o horace_n who_o lib._n 2._o ep._n 1._o writing_n to_o augustus_n call_v those_o poet_n aidituos_a who_o shall_v immortalize_v the_o virtue_n of_o that_o emperor_n or_o rather_o those_o who_o be_v charge_v to_o choose_v such_o as_o shall_v do_v it_o in_o these_o verse_n sed_fw-la tamen_fw-la est_fw-la operae_fw-la pretium_fw-la cognoscere_fw-la quale_fw-la be_v aedituos_fw-la habeat_fw-la belli_fw-la spectata_fw-la domique_fw-la virtus_fw-la indigno_fw-la non_fw-la committenda_fw-la poetae_fw-la but_o beside_o selden_n have_v well_o observe_v that_o there_o be_v none_o of_o these_o medal_n in_o the_o time_n of_o the_o commonwealth_n for_o that_o the_o city_n of_o greece_n be_v not_o yet_o arrive_v to_o that_o esteem_n of_o the_o roman_a greatness_n by_o the_o fabric_n of_o their_o money_n and_o other_o sign_n of_o veneration_n which_o they_o have_v come_v to_o since_o it_o become_v a_o monarchy_n this_o be_v the_o opinion_n of_o that_o great_a judicious_a man_n which_o yet_o be_v not_o absolute_o true_a for_o there_o be_v find_v the_o mark_n of_o this_o magnificence_n under_o the_o title_n of_o neocori_n abundant_o among_o the_o medal_n of_o alexander_n the_o great_a whereof_o goltzius_n reckon_v above_o 20._o with_o this_o inscriptionâ—_n koinon_n make_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d whence_o may_v be_v observe_v that_o the_o people_n of_o macâ—donia_n be_v general_o neocori_n have_v cause_v these_o coin_n to_o be_v stamp_v in_o the_o honour_n of_o alexander_n have_v upon_o the_o reverse_n the_o figure_n of_o statue_n chariot_n temple_n column_n etc._n etc._n nay_o the_o maronean_n in_o
those_o late_a and_o fresh_a injury_n for_o that_o they_o have_v attempt_v to_o pass_v through_o the_o province_n by_o force_n of_o arm_n sack_v and_o pillage_v the_o heduan_o ambaâ—s_n and_o allobrogian_o that_o do_v so_o insolent_o vaunt_v of_o their_o victory_n admire_v that_o these_o injury_n be_v suffer_v so_o long_a time_n to_o rest_v unrevenged_a come_v all_o in_o the_o end_n to_o one_o pass_n for_o the_o immortal_a god_n be_v go_v sometime_o to_o give_v happiness_n and_o long_a impunity_n to_o man_n that_o by_o the_o great_a alteration_n of_o thing_n the_o punishment_n shall_v be_v the_o more_o grievous_a for_o their_o offence_n howbeit_o if_o they_o will_v give_v hostage_n for_o the_o performance_n of_o those_o thing_n which_o be_v to_o be_v agree_v upon_o and_o satisfy_v the_o heduan_o and_o allobrogian_o together_o with_o their_o ally_n for_o the_o injury_n they_o have_v do_v unto_o they_o he_o will_v be_v content_a to_o make_v peace_n with_o they_o divico_n reply_v that_o they_o be_v teach_v by_o their_o ancestor_n to_o take_v hostage_n rather_o than_o to_o give_v they_o whereof_o the_o people_n of_o rome_n be_v witness_n and_o thereupon_o depart_v the_o next_o day_n they_o remove_v the_o camp_n and_o the_o like_a do_v caesar_n send_v all_o his_o horse_n before_o to_o the_o number_n of_o four_o thousand_o which_o he_o have_v raise_v in_o the_o province_n and_o draw_v from_o the_o heduan_o and_o their_o associate_n to_o understand_v which_o way_n the_o enemy_n take_v who_o prosecute_n the_o rearward_n overhot_o be_v force_v to_o undertake_v the_o helvetian_a cavalry_n in_o a_o place_n of_o disadvantage_n and_o thereby_o lose_v some_o few_o of_o their_o company_n the_o enemy_n make_v proud_a with_o that_o encounter_n have_v with_o five_o hundred_o horse_n beat_v so_o great_a a_o multitude_n do_v afterward_o make_v head_n with_o more_o assurance_n and_o sometime_o stick_v not_o to_o â—ally_v out_o of_o the_o rearward_n and_o assault_v our_o party_n caesar_n keep_v back_o his_o man_n from_o fight_v and_o hold_v it_o enough_o for_o the_o present_a to_o keep_v the_o enemy_n from_o spoil_v and_o harry_v the_o country_n and_o go_v on_o for_o fifteen_o day_n together_o in_o such_o manner_n as_o there_o be_v but_o five_o or_o six_o mile_n between_o the_o first_o troop_n of_o our_o army_n and_o the_o rearward_n of_o they_o observation_n this_o example_n of_o the_o helvetian_o may_v lesson_n a_o commander_n not_o to_o wax_v insolent_a upon_o every_o overthrow_n which_o the_o enemy_n take_v but_o due_o to_o weigh_v the_o true_a cause_n of_o a_o victory_n get_v or_o a_o overthrow_n take_v that_o apprehend_v the_o right_a current_n of_o the_o action_n he_o may_v neither_o vaunt_v of_o a_o blind_a victory_n nor_o be_v dismay_v at_o a_o casual_a mishap_n and_o herein_o let_v a_o heedful_a wariness_n so_o moderate_a the_o sequels_fw-fr of_o victory_n in_o a_o triumph_a spirit_n that_o the_o care_n and_o jealousy_n to_o keep_v still_o that_o sweet-sounding_a fame_n on_o foot_n may_v as_o far_o surpass_v the_o industry_n which_o he_o first_o use_v to_o obtain_v it_o as_o the_o continuance_n of_o happiness_n do_v exceed_v the_o beginning_n of_o good_a fortune_n for_o such_o be_v the_o nature_n of_o our_o soul_n that_o although_o from_o her_o infancy_n even_o to_o the_o manhood_n of_o her_o age_n she_o never_o find_v want_n of_o that_o which_o she_o lust_v after_o yet_o when_o she_o meet_v with_o a_o counterbuff_n to_o check_v her_o appetite_n and_o restrain_v her_o affection_n from_o their_o satisfaction_n she_o be_v as_o much_o trouble_v in_o that_o want_n as_o if_o she_o have_v never_o receive_v any_o contentment_n at_o all_o for_o our_o will_n to_o every_o object_n which_o it_o seek_v after_o beget_v always_o a_o new_a appetite_n which_o be_v not_o satisfy_v with_o a_o former_a quittance_n but_o either_o seek_v present_a payment_n or_o return_v discontentment_n unto_o the_o mind_n and_o as_o our_o soul_n be_v of_o a_o everlasting_a be_v and_o can_v think_v of_o a_o end_n to_o her_o beginning_n so_o she_o seek_v a_o perpetual_a continuance_n of_o such_o thing_n as_o she_o lust_v after_o which_o he_o that_o mean_v to_o hold_v fortune_n his_o friend_n will_v endeavour_v to_o maintain_v chap._n vi_o caesar_n send_v to_o get_v the_o advantage_n of_o a_o hill_n and_o so_o to_o give_v the_o helvetian_o battle_n but_o be_v put_v off_o by_o false_a intelligence_n the_o opportunity_n be_v lose_v he_o intend_v provision_n of_o corn._n in_o the_o mean_a time_n caesar_n press_v the_o heduan_o from_o day_n to_o day_n to_o bring_v in_o corn_n caesar_n according_a to_o their_o promise_n for_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o cold_a temperature_n of_o gallia_n which_o lie_v to_o the_o northward_o it_o happen_v not_o only_o that_o the_o corn_n be_v far_o from_o be_v ripe_a but_o also_o that_o there_o be_v scarce_o forage_v for_o the_o horse_n and_o the_o provision_n which_o be_v bring_v along_o the_o river_n arar_n stand_v he_o in_o small_a stead_n at_o that_o time_n forasmuch_o as_o the_o helvetian_o have_v take_v their_o journey_n clean_o from_o the_o river_n and_o he_o will_v by_o no_o mean_n forsake_v they_o the_o heduan_o put_v it_o off_o from_o one_o day_n to_o another_o give_v out_o still_o it_o be_v upon_o come_v but_o when_o caesar_n find_v the_o matter_n so_o long_o delay_v and_o that_o the_o day_n of_o meet_v out_o corn_n to_o the_o soldier_n be_v at_o hand_n call_v before_o he_o the_o chief_a prince_n of_o the_o heduan_o of_o who_o he_o have_v great_a number_n in_o his_o camp_n and_o among_o they_o divitiacus_n and_o liscus_n who_o for_o that_o time_n be_v the_o sovereign_a magistrate_n which_o they_o call_v vergobret_n be_v yearly_o create_v and_o have_v power_n of_o life_n and_o death_n he_o do_v great_o blame_v they_o that_o he_o be_v not_o supply_v with_o corn_n from_o they_o the_o enemy_n be_v so_o near_o and_o in_o so_o needful_a a_o time_n that_o it_o can_v neither_o be_v buy_v for_o money_n nor_o have_v out_o of_o the_o field_n especial_o when_o for_o their_o sake_n and_o at_o their_o request_n he_o have_v undertake_v that_o war_n whereat_o he_o be_v the_o rather_o grieve_v because_o he_o find_v himself_o forsake_v of_o they_o at_o length_n liscus_n move_v with_o caesar_n speech_n discover_v which_o before_o he_o have_v keep_v secret_a that_o there_o be_v some_o of_o great_a authority_n among_o the_o commons_o and_o can_v do_v more_o be_v private_a person_n than_o they_o can_v do_v be_v magistrate_n these_o by_o seditious_a and_o bad_a speech_n do_v defer_v the_o people_n from_o bring_v corn_n show_v it_o better_o for_o they_o since_o they_o can_v not_o attain_v to_o the_o empire_n of_o gallia_n to_o undergo_v the_o sovereignty_n of_o the_o gall_n than_o the_o roman_n for_o they_o be_v not_o to_o doubt_v but_o if_o the_o roman_n vanquish_v the_o helvetian_o they_o will_v bereave_v the_o heduan_o of_o their_o liberty_n with_o the_o rest_n of_o all_o gallia_n by_o these_o man_n be_v our_o deliberation_n and_o counsel_n or_o whatsoever_o else_o be_v do_v in_o the_o camp_n make_v know_v to_o the_o enemy_n â—hat_n they_o be_v not_o able_a to_o keep_v they_o in_o obedience_n that_o he_o know_v well_o withal_o what_o danger_n he_o fall_v into_o by_o acquaint_v caesar_n with_o these_o thing_n which_o be_v the_o cause_n he_o have_v keep_v they_o from_o he_o so_o long_o caesar_n perceive_v that_o dumnorix_n divitiacus_n brother_n be_v shoot_v at_o by_o this_o speech_n of_o liscus_n but_o forasmuch_o as_o he_o will_v not_o have_v those_o thing_n handle_v in_o the_o presence_n of_o so_o many_o he_o speedy_o braâ—e_v off_o the_o council_n &_o retain_v liscus_n ask_v private_o after_o those_o thing_n which_o he_o have_v deliver_v in_o the_o assembly_n whereunto_o he_o speak_v more_o free_o and_o bold_o then_o before_o and_o inquire_v secret_o of_o other_o he_o find_v it_o to_o be_v true_a that_o dumnorix_n be_v of_o great_a courage_n &_o singular_o favour_v for_o his_o liberality_n of_o the_o common_a people_n desirous_a of_o novelty_n and_o change_n and_o for_o many_o year_n have_v keep_v at_o a_o low_a rate_n the_o tax_n and_o imposition_n of_o the_o heduan_o forasmuch_o as_o no_o man_n dare_v contradict_v what_o he_o will_v have_v do_v by_o which_o course_n he_o have_v increase_v his_o private_a estate_n and_o get_v great_a mean_n to_o be_v liberal_a for_o a_o great_a number_n of_o horseman_n do_v only_o live_v upon_o his_o entertainment_n and_o be_v continual_o about_o he_o be_v not_o only_o powerful_a at_o home_n but_o abroad_o also_o among_o divers_a of_o the_o neighbour_n state_n and_o for_o this_o cause_n have_v marry_v his_o mother_n to_o a_o great_a rich_a man_n and_o of_o a_o noble_a house_n in_o the_o country_n of_o the_o bituriges_n himself_o have_v take_v a_o wife_n of_o
the_o province_n which_o be_v speedy_o dispatch_v as_o soon_o as_o the_o time_n of_o the_o year_n will_v permit_v he_o he_o come_v into_o gallia_n the_o veneti_n and_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o confederacy_n understand_v of_o caesar_n arrival_n and_o consider_v how_o heinous_a a_o fact_n they_o have_v commit_v in_o detain_v the_o ambassador_n and_o cast_v they_o into_o iron_n who_o name_n be_v hold_v sacred_a and_o inviolable_a among_o all_o nation_n prepare_v according_o to_o answer_v so_o eminent_a a_o danger_n and_o especial_o such_o necessary_n as_o pertain_v to_o ship_v and_o sea-fight_n the_o observation_n from_o hence_o i_o may_v take_v occasion_n brief_o to_o touch_v the_o reverend_a opinion_n which_o all_o nation_n ambassador_n how_o barbarous_a soever_o have_v general_o conceive_v of_o the_o quality_n and_o condition_n of_o ambassador_n and_o what_o the_o ground_n be_v of_o this_o universal_o receive_v custom_n which_o in_o all_o age_n and_o time_n have_v hold_v authentical_a and_o first_o we_o be_v to_o understand_v that_o all_o mankind_n as_o endue_v with_o the_o same_o nature_n and_o property_n be_v so_o link_v together_o in_o the_o strict_a alliance_n of_o humane_a society_n that_o albeit_o their_o turbulent_a and_o disagree_a passion_n which_o in_o themselves_o be_v unnatural_a as_o proceed_v from_o corruption_n and_o defect_n drive_v they_o into_o extreme_a discord_n and_o disunion_n of_o spirit_n and_o break_v the_o bond_n of_o civil_a conversation_n which_o otherwise_o we_o do_v natural_o affect_v yet_o without_o a_o necessary_a intercourse_n and_o traffic_n of_o society_n we_o be_v not_o able_a to_o keep_v on_o foot_n the_o very_a discord_n itself_o in_o term_n of_o reason_n and_o orderly_a proceed_n but_o all_o part_n will_v be_v blend_v with_o disorder_a confusion_n and_o go_v to_o wrack_n for_o want_v of_o these_o mutual_a office_n perform_v by_o messenger_n so_o straight_o be_v the_o bond_n of_o nature_n and_o so_o powerful_a be_v the_o law_n which_o she_o enact_v and_o therefore_o if_o it_o be_v for_o no_o other_o end_n which_o may_v sort_v to_o the_o benefit_n of_o either_o party_n as_o there_o be_v many_o good_a use_n thereof_o yet_o to_o hold_v up_o the_o quarrel_n and_o keep_v it_o from_o fall_v make_v war_n according_a to_o the_o ground_n of_o reason_n the_o intercourse_n of_o messenger_n be_v not_o to_o be_v interrupt_v nor_o their_o person_n to_o be_v touch_v with_o hateful_a violence_n but_o that_o which_o the_o common_a reason_n of_o nation_n have_v madâ—_n a_o law_n aught_o as_o religious_o to_o be_v observe_v as_o a_o oracle_n of_o our_o own_o belief_n second_o forasmuch_o as_o the_o end_n of_o war_n be_v or_o at_o the_o least_o shall_v be_v peace_n which_o by_o treaty_n of_o mutual_a messenger_n be_v principal_o to_o be_v confirm_v to_o the_o end_n that_o no_o people_n may_v seem_v so_o barbarous_a as_o to_o maintain_v a_o war_n which_o only_o intend_v blood_n and_o propose_v as_o the_o chief_a object_n the_o death_n and_o mortality_n of_o mankind_n no_o way_n respect_v peace_n and_o civil_a government_n such_o as_o refuse_v the_o intercourse_n of_o messenger_n as_o the_o mean_n of_o amity_n and_o concord_n be_v just_o condemn_v in_o the_o judgement_n of_o all_o nation_n as_o unworthy_a of_o humane_a society_n last_o of_o all_o it_o be_v a_o injury_n of_o great_a dishonour_n and_o deserve_v the_o reward_n of_o extreme_a infamy_n to_o revenge_v the_o master_n his_o quarrel_n upon_o a_o servant_n and_o punish_v ambassador_n for_o the_o fault_n of_o their_o state_n consider_v that_o their_o chief_a duty_n consist_v in_o the_o faithful_a relation_n of_o such_o mandate_n as_o they_o have_v receive_v which_o may_v as_o well_o tend_v to_o the_o advancement_n and_o honour_n of_o that_o city_n to_o which_o they_o be_v send_v as_o to_o the_o dishonour_n and_o ruin_n of_o the_o same_o whereof_o the_o messenger_n take_v no_o notice_n and_o therefore_o whether_o we_o desire_v war_n or_o peace_n the_o free_a liberty_n &_o holy_a order_n of_o ambassador_n be_v reverent_o to_o be_v respect_v and_o defend_v from_o brutish_a and_o unnatural_a violence_n chap._n v._n the_o proceed_n of_o either_o party_n in_o the_o entrance_n of_o this_o war_n the_o veneti_n conceive_v great_a hope_n of_o their_o enterprise_n caesar_n by_o reason_n of_o the_o strength_n of_o their_o situation_n forasmuch_o as_o all_o the_o passage_n by_o land_n be_v break_v and_o cut_v off_o with_o arm_n and_o creek_n of_o the_o sea_n and_o on_o the_o other_o side_n navigation_n and_o entrance_n by_o sea_n be_v so_o troublesome_a and_o dangerous_a in_o that_o the_o roman_n be_v altogether_o unacquainted_a with_o the_o channel_n and_o shelf_n of_o the_o coast_n and_o there_o be_v so_o few_o port_n neither_o do_v they_o think_v that_o the_o roman_a army_n can_v long_o continue_v there_o without_o corn_n which_o be_v not_o to_o be_v have_v in_o those_o quarter_n and_o if_o it_o happen_v that_o the_o course_n of_o thing_n be_v carry_v contrary_a to_o this_o probable_a expectation_n yet_o they_o themselves_o be_v strong_a in_o ship_v whereas_o the_o roman_n have_v none_o at_o all_o neither_o have_v they_o knowledge_n of_o the_o flat_n and_o shallows_o port_n and_o island_n of_o that_o coast_n where_o they_o be_v to_o fight_v and_o to_o conclude_v they_o shall_v find_v the_o use_n of_o navigation_n in_o that_o narrow_a sea_n to_o be_v far_o different_a from_o that_o which_o they_o be_v accustom_v unto_o in_o the_o vast_a and_o open_a ocean_n in_o this_o resolution_n they_o fortify_v their_o town_n lendriguer_n store_v they_o with_o provision_n lisieux_n and_o bring_v all_o their_o ship_n to_o vannes_n nantes_n against_o who_o caesar_n as_o it_o be_v report_v will_v begin_v to_o make_v war_n be_v take_v the_o osismi_n leâ—â—doâ—â—_n lexovii_n britain_n nannete_n ambialite_n morini_n menapii_n diablintre_n as_o consort_n and_o partaker_n in_o this_o quarrel_n notwithstanding_o these_o difficulty_n many_o motive_n stir_v up_o caesar_n to_o undertake_v this_o war_n as_o namely_o the_o violent_a detain_v of_o the_o roman_a knight_n their_o rebellion_n after_o they_o have_v yield_v themselves_o by_o rendry_a and_o give_v hostage_n of_o their_o loyalty_n the_o conspiracy_n of_o so_o many_o city_n which_o be_v now_o neglect_v may_v afterward_o incite_v other_o nation_n and_o state_n to_o the_o like_a insolency_n and_o therefore_o understand_v that_o almost_o all_o the_o gall_n be_v incline_v to_o novelty_n and_o alteration_n and_o of_o their_o own_o nature_n be_v quick_a and_o ready_a to_o undertake_v a_o war_n and_o further_o consider_v that_o all_o man_n by_o nature_n desire_a liberty_n and_o hate_v the_o servile_a condition_n of_o bondage_n he_o prevent_v all_o further_a insurrection_n of_o the_o other_o state_n with_o the_o presence_n of_o the_o roman_a force_n in_o several_a place_n at_o once_o and_o send_v titus_n labienus_n with_o the_o cavalry_n unto_o the_o trier_n treviri_n that_o border_v upon_o the_o rhine_n to_o he_o he_o give_v in_o charge_n to_o visit_v the_o man_n of_o rheims_n and_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o belgae_n to_o keep_v they_o in_o obedience_n and_o to_o hinder_v such_o force_n as_o may_v peradventure_o be_v transport_v over_o the_o river_n by_o the_o german_n to_o further_o this_o rebellious_a humour_n of_o the_o gall_n he_o command_v likewise_o pub._n crassus_n with_o twelve_o legionary_a cohort_n and_o a_o great_a part_n of_o the_o horse_n to_o go_v into_o aquitane_n lest_o there_o may_v come_v any_o aid_n from_o those_o nation_n &_o such_o considerable_a force_n join_v together_o he_o send_v also_o q._n titurius_n sabinus_n with_o three_o legion_n unto_o the_o lexovii_n curiosolitae_n and_o unelli_n to_o disappoint_v any_o practice_n which_o rebelliok_n mind_n may_v intend_v and_o make_v d._n brutus_n chief_a admiral_n of_o the_o navy_n &_o of_o those_o french_a ship_n which_o he_o have_v get_v together_o from_o the_o pictones_n santones_n &_o other_o province_n which_o continue_v quiet_a &_o obedient_a he_o give_v he_o in_o charge_n to_o make_v towards_o vannes_n with_o what_o speed_n he_o can_v and_o he_o himself_o march_v thitherward_o with_o the_o foot_n force_n the_o observation_n in_o the_o first_o book_n i_o observe_v the_o authority_n which_o the_o roman_a leader_n have_v to_o undertake_v a_o war_n without_o further_a acquaint_v the_o senate_n with_o the_o consequence_n thereof_o in_o this_o place_n let_v we_o observe_v the_o care_n and_o circumspection_n which_o the_o general_n have_v who_o do_v not_o undertake_v a_o troublesome_a and_o dangerous_a war_n upon_o a_o humour_n or_o any_o other_o flend_a motion_n but_o diligent_o weigh_v the_o circumstance_n thereof_o and_o measure_v the_o peril_n and_o hazard_n of_o the_o war_n with_o the_o good_a and_o consequence_n of_o the_o effect_n inform_v their_o judgement_n of_o the_o importance_n of_o that_o action_n and_o so_o try_v whether_o the_o benefit_n will_v answer_v their_o
flight_n yet_o have_v some_o thirty_o horse_n which_o comius_n of_o arras_n have_v carry_v with_o he_o at_o his_o come_n into_o brittany_n he_o imbattel_v his_o legion_n before_o his_o camp_n and_o so_o give_v they_o battle_n the_o enemy_n not_o be_v able_a to_o bear_v the_o assault_n of_o the_o roman_a soldier_n turn_v their_o back_n and_o flee_v the_o roman_n follow_v they_o as_o far_o as_o they_o can_v by_o run_v on_o foot_n and_o after_o a_o great_a slaughter_n with_o the_o burn_a of_o their_o town_n far_o and_o near_o they_o return_v to_o their_o camp_n the_o same_o day_n the_o britan_n send_v messenger_n to_o caesar_n to_o entreat_v for_o peace_n who_o he_o command_v to_o double_v their_o number_n of_o hostage_n which_o he_o command_v to_o be_v carry_v into_o gallia_n and_o forasmuch_o as_o the_o aequinoctium_n be_v at_o hand_n he_o think_v it_o not_o safe_a to_o put_v himself_o to_o the_o sea_n in_o winter_n with_o such_o weak_a ship_n and_o therefore_o have_v get_v a_o convenient_a time_n he_o hoist_a sail_n a_o little_a after_o midnight_n and_o bring_v all_o his_o ship_n safe_a unto_o the_o continent_n two_o of_o these_o ship_n of_o burden_n not_o be_v able_a to_o reach_v the_o same_o haven_n put_v in_o somewhat_o low_a into_o the_o land_n the_o soldier_n that_o be_v in_o they_o which_o be_v about_o three_o hundred_o be_v set_v on_o shore_n and_o march_v towards_o their_o camp_n the_o morini_n with_o who_o caesar_n at_o his_o go_v into_o brittany_n have_v make_v peace_n in_o hope_n of_o a_o booty_n first_o with_o a_o few_o of_o their_o man_n stand_v about_o they_o command_v they_o upon_o pain_n of_o death_n to_o lay_v down_o their_o weapon_n and_o as_o the_o roman_n by_o cast_v themselves_o into_o a_o orb_n begin_v to_o make_v defence_n at_o the_o noise_n and_o clamour_n among_o they_o there_o be_v sudden_o gather_v together_o about_o six_o thousand_o of_o the_o enemy_n which_o thing_n be_v know_v caesar_n send_v out_o all_o the_o horseman_n to_o relieve_v they_o in_o the_o meantime_n the_o roman_n sustain_v the_o force_n of_o the_o enemy_n and_o fight_v valiant_o about_o the_o space_n of_o four_o hour_n and_o receive_v themselves_o only_o some_o few_o wound_n they_o slay_v many_o of_o the_o enemy_n as_o soon_o as_o the_o roman_a horseman_n come_v in_o sight_n the_o enemy_n cast_v away_o their_o weapon_n and_o flee_v and_o a_o great_a number_n of_o they_o fall_v by_o the_o horseman_n observation_n of_o all_o the_o figure_n which_o the_o tactici_fw-la have_v choose_v to_o make_v use_n of_o in_o military_a affair_n the_o circle_n have_v ever_o be_v take_v for_o the_o fit_a to_o be_v apply_v in_o the_o defensive_a part_n as_o enclose_v with_o a_o equal_a circuit_n on_o all_o part_n whatsoever_o be_v contain_v within_o the_o circumference_n of_o that_o area_n and_o therefore_o geometry_n term_v a_o circumference_n a_o simple_a line_n forasmuch_o as_o if_o you_o alter_v the_o site_n of_o the_o part_n and_o transport_v one_o arch_n into_o the_o place_n of_o another_o the_o figure_n notwithstanding_o will_v remain_v the_o same_o because_o of_o the_o equal_a bend_n of_o the_o line_n throughout_o the_o whole_a circumference_n which_o property_n as_o it_o prove_v a_o uniformity_n of_o strength_n in_o the_o whole_a circuit_n so_o that_o it_o can_v be_v say_v that_o this_o be_v the_o beginning_n or_o this_o be_v the_o end_n this_o be_v front_n or_o this_o be_v flank_n so_o do_v that_o which_o euclid_n do_v demonstrate_v in_o the_o three_o of_o his_o element_n concern_v the_o small_a affinity_n between_o a_o right_a line_n and_o a_o circle_n which_o be_v draw_v to_o touch_v the_o circumference_n do_v touch_v it_o but_o in_o a_o point_n only_o show_v the_o greatness_n of_o this_o strength_n in_o regard_n of_o any_o other_o line_n by_o which_o it_o may_v be_v break_v which_o howsoever_o they_o seem_v as_o speculative_a quality_n conceive_v rather_o by_o intellectual_a discourse_n then_o manifest_v to_o sensible_a apprehension_n yet_o forasmuch_o as_o experience_n have_v prove_v the_o strength_n of_o this_o figure_n in_o a_o defensive_a part_n above_o any_o other_o manner_n of_o imbattel_v let_v we_o not_o neglect_v the_o knowledge_n of_o these_o natural_a property_n which_o discover_v the_o cause_n of_o this_o effect_n neither_o let_v we_o neglect_v this_o part_n of_o military_a knowledge_n be_v so_o strong_a a_o mean_n to_o maintain_v valour_n and_o the_o sinew_n of_o all_o our_o ability_n for_o order_v correspondent_a to_o circumstance_n be_v the_o whole_a strength_n and_o power_n of_o a_o army_n neither_o aught_o there_o any_o action_n in_o a_o wel-ordered_n discipline_n to_o be_v irregular_a or_o void_a of_o order_n and_o therefore_o the_o roman_n do_v neither_o eat_v nor_o sleep_v without_o the_o direction_n of_o the_o consul_n or_o chief_a commander_n otherwise_o their_o valour_n may_v rather_o have_v be_v term_v fury_n then_o virtue_n but_o when_o their_o courage_n be_v range_v with_o order_n and_o dispose_v according_a to_o the_o occurrence_n of_o the_o time_n it_o never_o fail_v as_o long_o as_o the_o say_a order_n continue_v perfect_a it_o appear_v therefore_o how_o important_a it_o be_v for_o a_o commander_n to_o look_v into_o the_o diversity_n of_o order_n for_o imbattel_v and_o to_o weigh_v the_o nature_n thereof_o that_o he_o may_v with_o knowledge_n apply_v they_o to_o the_o quality_n of_o any_o occasion_n the_o roman_n term_v this_o figure_n orbis_n which_o signify_v a_o round_a body_n both_o with_o a_o concave_n and_o a_o convex_a surface_n in_o resemblance_n whereof_o i_o understand_v this_o orb_n of_o man_n imbattel_v to_o be_v so_o name_v which_o may_v peradventure_o consist_v of_o five_o or_o more_o or_o few_o rank_n enclose_v one_o another_o after_o the_o nature_n of_o so_o many_o circle_n describe_v about_o one_o centre_n so_o that_o either_o the_o midst_n thereof_o remain_v void_a or_o otherwise_o contain_v such_o carriage_n and_o impediment_n as_o they_o have_v with_o they_o in_o their_o march_n this_o form_n of_o imbattel_v be_v never_o use_v but_o in_o great_a extremity_n for_o as_o it_o be_v the_o safe_a of_o all_o other_o so_o it_o give_v suspicion_n to_o the_o soldier_n of_o exceed_a danger_n which_o abate_v much_o of_o their_o heat_n in_o battle_n as_o will_n hereafter_o appear_v by_o the_o testimony_n of_o caesar_n himself_o in_o the_o five_o commentary_n upon_o the_o occasion_n which_o happen_v unto_o sabinus_n and_o cotta_n chap._n xiiii_o the_o next_o day_n caesar_n send_v titus_n labienus_n a_o legate_n caesar_n with_o those_o legion_n which_o he_o have_v bring_v out_o of_o brittany_n against_o the_o revolt_a morini_n who_o have_v no_o place_n of_o refuge_n because_o their_o bog_n and_o fen_n be_v dry_v up_o where_o they_o have_v shelter_v themselves_o the_o year_n before_o they_o all_o fall_v under_o the_o power_n of_o his_o mercy_n q._n titurius_n and_o a._n cotta_n the_o legate_n who_o have_v lead_v the_o legion_n against_o the_o menapii_n after_o they_o have_v waste_v their_o field_n cut_v up_o their_o corn_n burn_v their_o house_n for_o the_o menapii_n be_v all_o hide_v in_o thick_a wood_n return_v to_o caesar_n these_o thing_n be_v thus_o end_v caesar_n place_v the_o winter_v camp_n of_o all_o his_o legion_n among_o the_o belgae_n to_o which_o place_n two_o only_a of_o all_o the_o city_n in_o brittany_n send_v hostage_n unto_o he_o the_o rest_n neglect_v it_o these_o war_n be_v thus_o end_v upon_o the_o relation_n of_o caesar_n letter_n the_o senate_n decree_v a_o supplication_n for_o the_o space_n of_o twenty_o day_n observation_n in_o the_o end_n of_o the_o second_o commentary_n we_o read_v of_o a_o supplication_n grant_v by_o the_o senate_n for_o fifteen_o day_n which_o be_v never_o grant_v to_o any_o man_n before_o that_o time_n since_o the_o first_o building_n of_o the_o city_n but_o forasmuch_o as_o in_o this_o four_o year_n of_o the_o war_n in_o gallia_n it_o be_v augment_v from_o fifteen_o unto_o twenty_o day_n i_o think_v it_o fit_a to_o refer_v the_o handle_n thereof_o unto_o this_o place_n we_o be_v therefore_o to_o understand_v that_o whensoever_o a_o roman_a general_n have_v carry_v himself_o well_o in_o the_o war_n by_o gain_v a_o victory_n or_o enlarge_n the_o bound_n of_o their_o empire_n that_o then_o the_o senate_n do_v decree_v a_o supplication_n to_o the_o god_n in_o the_o name_n of_o that_o captain_n and_o this_o dignity_n be_v much_o seek_v after_o not_o only_o because_o it_o be_v a_o matter_n of_o great_a honour_n that_o in_o their_o name_n the_o temple_n of_o their_o god_n shall_v be_v open_v and_o their_o victory_n acknowledge_v with_o the_o concourse_n and_o gratulation_n of_o the_o roman_a people_n but_o also_o because_o a_o supplication_n be_v common_o the_o forerunner_n of_o a_o triumph_n which_o be_v the_o great_a honour_n in_o the_o roman_a
his_o timorousness_n fly_v always_o to_o extremity_n make_v he_o rash_a in_o consultation_n peremptory_a in_o opinion_n and_o base_a in_o case_n of_o peril_n all_o which_o be_v enemy_n to_o good_a direction_n and_o the_o only_a instrument_n of_o mischieving_a fortune_n chap._n xvi_o ambiorix_n haste_v to_o besiege_v cicero_n and_o stir_v up_o the_o aduatici_n the_o nervii_n and_o so_o raise_v a_o great_a power_n ambiorix_n take_v such_o spirit_n unto_o he_o upon_o this_o victory_n caesar_n that_o with_o his_o horseman_n he_o go_v immediate_o unto_o the_o aduatici_n be_v the_o next_o borderer_n upon_o his_o kingdom_n without_o intermission_n of_o night_n or_o day_n command_v his_o footman_n to_o follow_v he_o the_o aduatici_n upon_o his_o open_v the_o matter_n be_v stir_v up_o to_o commotion_n the_o next_o day_n after_o he_o come_v to_o the_o nervii_n exhort_v they_o not_o to_o let_v slip_v this_o occasion_n of_o recover_v to_o themselves_o perpetual_a liberty_n and_o revenge_v they_o of_o the_o roman_n for_o the_o wrong_n they_o have_v receive_v he_o tell_v they_o that_o two_o legate_n be_v already_o slay_v and_o a_o great_a part_n of_o the_o army_n overthrow_v it_o be_v now_o no_o great_a matter_n sudden_o to_o surprise_v the_o legion_n that_o winter_v with_o cicero_n to_o the_o performance_n whereof_o the_o offer_v himself_o to_o be_v their_o assistant_n these_o remonstrance_n easy_o persuade_v the_o nervii_n and_o therefore_o they_o dispatch_v speedy_a messenger_n to_o the_o centrones_n grudii_n levaci_n pleumosii_n and_o gorduni_n who_o be_v all_o under_o their_o dominion_n and_o raise_v very_o great_a force_n and_o â—ith_v they_o they_o haste_v to_o the_o camp_n where_o cicero_n winter_v before_o any_o inkling_n of_o the_o death_n of_o titurius_n be_v bring_v unto_o he_o observation_n the_o ambitious_a and_o work_a spirit_n of_o ambiorix_n that_o can_v attempt_v to_o raise_v the_o baseness_n of_o a_o small_a and_o ignoble_a state_n to_o so_o high_a a_o point_n of_o resolution_n that_o they_o dare_v adventure_v upon_o the_o roman_a legion_n be_v settle_v in_o the_o strength_n of_o their_o empire_n by_o the_o memory_n of_o so_o many_o victory_n in_o gallia_n want_v now_o no_o mean_n to_o make_v a_o overture_n to_o a_o universal_a commotion_n propound_v liberty_n and_o revenge_n to_o the_o gall_n two_o the_o sweet_a condition_n that_o can_v happen_v to_o a_o subdue_a people_n if_o they_o will_v but_o stretch_v out_o their_o hand_n to_o take_v it_o and_o follow_v that_o course_n which_o his_o example_n have_v prove_v sure_a and_o easy_a which_o may_v serve_v to_o show_v that_o he_o that_o will_v attempt_v upon_o doubtful_a and_o unsafe_a principle_n will_v take_v great_a advantage_n from_o a_o probable_a entrance_n and_o make_v a_o small_a beginning_n a_o sufficient_a mean_n for_o his_o great_a design_n chap._n xvii_o cicero_n defend_v his_o camp_n from_o the_o surprise_n of_o the_o nervii_n and_o prepare_v himself_o against_o a_o siege_n it_o happen_v to_o cicero_n also_o as_o it_o can_v not_o otherwise_o choose_v that_o many_o of_o the_o soldier_n that_o be_v go_v into_o the_o wood_n for_o timber_n and_o munition_n caesar_n be_v cut_v off_o by_o the_o sudden_a approach_n of_o the_o enemy_n horseman_n these_o be_v circumvent_v the_o eburones_n nervii_n and_o aduatici_n with_o all_o their_o confederate_n and_o client_n begin_n to_o assault_v the_o camp_n the_o roman_n betake_v they_o speedy_o to_o their_o weapon_n and_o get_v upon_o the_o rampâ—er_n with_o much_o ado_n they_o hold_v out_o that_o day_n for_o the_o gall_n trust_v much_o upon_o celerity_n hope_v if_o they_o speed_v well_o in_o that_o action_n to_o be_v victor_n ever_o after_o cicero_n dispatch_v letter_n with_o all_o speed_n to_o caesar_n promise_v great_a reward_n to_o he_o that_o â—â—ould_v carry_v they_o but_o all_o the_o way_n be_v so_o fore-laied_n that_o the_o messenger_n be_v take_v in_o one_o night_n there_o be_v build_v in_o tâ—e_v camp_n one_o hundred_o and_o twenty_o tower_n of_o such_o timber_n as_o be_v bring_v in_o for_o fortification_n and_o whatsoever_o want_v of_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o work_n be_v perfect_v the_o enemy_n the_o next_o day_n with_o a_o far_o great_a power_n assault_v the_o camp_n and_o fill_v up_o the_o dâ—tch_n â—he_v roman_n make_v the_o like_a defence_n as_o they_o have_v do_v the_o day_n before_o the_o like_a be_v continue_v divers_a day_n after_o the_o roman_n make_v no_o intermission_n of_o their_o work_n at_o any_o part_n of_o the_o night_n nor_o give_v any_o rest_n either_o to_o the_o sick_a or_o the_o wounded_a whatsoever_o be_v needful_a for_o the_o next_o day_n assault_n be_v provide_v in_o readiness_n the_o night_n before_o a_o great_a number_n of_o stake_n harden_v in_o the_o fire_n be_v prepare_v and_o many_o mural_a pile_n be_v make_v the_o tower_n be_v 〈◊〉_d in_o their_o story_n pinnacle_n and_o parapet_n â—ere_z set_v up_o of_o hurdle_n and_o cicero_n himself_o be_v sickly_a and_o of_o a_o weak_a constitution_n take_v not_o so_o much_o leisure_n as_o to_o rest_v himself_o in_o the_o night_n time_n so_o that_o the_o soldier_n of_o their_o own_o accord_n compel_v he_o by_o entreaty_n to_o spare_v himself_o observation_n this_o q._n cicero_n be_v say_v to_o be_v the_o brother_n of_o marcus_n 〈◊〉_d the_o famous_a orator_n and_o to_o he_o be_v the_o letter_n send_v which_o be_v find_v in_o his_o â—pistles_n direct_v quinto_fw-la fratri_fw-la in_o this_o action_n 〈◊〉_d carriage_n deserve_v as_o great_a reputation_n in_o the_o true_a censure_n of_o honour_n as_o ever_o his_o brother_n do_v for_o his_o eloquence_n pro_fw-la rostris_fw-la and_o if_o it_o have_v be_v the_o 〈◊〉_d fortune_n to_o hâ—ve_v perform_v the_o like_a service_n 〈…〉_z â—ave_n make_v it_o the_o great_a exploit_n that_o everâ—_n 〈◊〉_d have_v achieve_v by_o arm_n wherein_o particular_o may_v be_v commend_v the_o diligence_n and_o industry_n which_o be_v use_v in_o raise_v so_o many_o 〈◊〉_d in_o so_o small_a a_o time_n for_o provide_v the_o 〈◊〉_d before_o such_o thing_n as_o be_v necessary_a for_o the_o next_o day_n defence_n for_o make_v so_o many_o stake_n harden_v in_o the_o end_n with_o fire_n for_o the_o defence_n of_o the_o rampire_n and_o for_o the_o store_n of_o these_o mural_a pâ—les_n which_o resemble_v the_o form_n of_o the_o ordinary_a pile_n but_o be_v far_o great_a and_o weighty_a in_o regard_n they_o be_v to_o be_v cast_v from_o the_o rampire_n which_o give_v they_o such_o advantage_n by_o reason_n of_o the_o height_n that_o be_v cast_v by_o a_o strong_a and_o well_o practise_v arm_n they_o be_v very_o effectual_a and_o of_o great_a terror_n chap._n xviii_o the_o nervii_n propound_v the_o same_o thing_n to_o cicero_n which_o ambiorix_n have_v do_v to_o sabinus_n but_o be_v reject_v then_o the_o prince_n and_o chief_a commander_n of_o the_o nervii_n caesar_n which_o have_v any_o entrance_n of_o speech_n and_o cause_n of_o acquaintance_n with_o cicero_n signify_v their_o desire_n to_o speak_v with_o he_o which_o be_v grant_v they_o propound_v the_o same_o thing_n which_o ambiorix_n have_v use_v to_o deceive_v sabinus_n all_o gallia_n be_v in_o arm_n the_o german_n be_v come_v over_o the_o rhine_n caesar_n and_o the_o rest_n be_v besiege_v in_o their_o wintering-camp_n sabinus_n and_o his_o man_n be_v cut_v in_o piece_n and_o for_o the_o more_o credit_n to_o it_o they_o show_v he_o ambiorix_n they_o say_v they_o be_v much_o deceive_v if_o they_o expect_v any_o help_n from_o those_o who_o be_v at_o present_a scarce_o able_a to_o help_v themselves_o notwithstanding_o they_o carry_v this_o mind_n to_o cicero_n and_o the_o people_n of_o rome_n that_o they_o refuse_v nothing_o but_o their_o winter_v among_o they_o which_o they_o will_v not_o suffer_v to_o be_v make_v a_o common_a practice_n they_o may_v depart_v in_o safety_n whither_o they_o will_v without_o disturbance_n or_o fear_n of_o danger_n cicero_n only_o make_v this_o answer_n that_o it_o be_v not_o the_o custom_n of_o the_o people_n of_o rome_n to_o take_v any_o article_n or_o condition_n from_o a_o arm_a enemy_n but_o if_o they_o will_v lay_v their_o arm_n aside_o let_v they_o use_v his_o furtherance_n in_o the_o matter_n and_o send_v some_o to_o negotiate_v it_o with_o caesar_n there_o be_v great_a hope_n in_o regard_n of_o his_o justice_n and_o equity_n that_o they_o shall_v not_o return_v unsatisfied_a observation_n the_o first_o attempt_n which_o ambiorix_n make_v upon_o the_o camp_n of_o sabâ—nus_n and_o cotta_n be_v but_o short_a but_o here_o what_o with_o the_o pride_n of_o the_o former_a victory_n and_o the_o great_a multitude_n of_o the_o assailant_n they_o continue_v it_o long_o in_o hope_n to_o carry_v it_o by_o assault_n for_o the_o first_o assault_n of_o a_o place_n especial_o when_o it_o come_v by_o way_n of_o surprise_n be_v of_o great_a hope_n to_o the_o assailant_n and_o
merchandise_n and_o gain_n of_o money_n next_o unto_o he_o they_o prefer_v apollo_n mars_n jove_n and_o minerva_n and_o of_o these_o they_o carry_v the_o same_o opinion_n as_o other_o nation_n do_v apollo_n to_o be_v powerful_a in_o heal_a disease_n minerva_n in_o find_v out_o artificial_a work_n jove_n rule_v the_o celestial_a empire_n and_o mars_n for_o war_n when_o they_o be_v to_o encounter_v with_o a_o enemy_n they_o vow_v all_o the_o spoil_n unto_o he_o and_o such_o beast_n as_o be_v take_v they_o sacrifice_v other_o thing_n they_o lie_v up_o in_o some_o one_o place_n and_o many_o such_o heap_n of_o thing_n so_o take_v be_v to_o be_v see_v in_o the_o holy_a place_n of_o diverse_a of_o their_o city_n neither_o do_v it_o often_o happen_v that_o any_o man_n neglect_v his_o religion_n in_o that_o point_n dare_v either_o keep_v back_o any_o thing_n so_o take_v or_o take_v away_o aught_o lay_v up_o in_o their_o repository_n for_o they_o incur_v a_o heavy_a punishment_n and_o torture_n for_o that_o offence_n the_o gall_n do_v all_o boast_v themselves_o in_o the_o stock_n from_o whence_o they_o be_v descend_v understand_v by_o the_o druid_n that_o they_o come_v of_o the_o god_n dis._n and_o therefore_o they_o end_v the_o space_n of_o all_o their_o time_n by_o the_o number_n of_o night_n rather_o than_o by_o the_o number_n of_o day_n observe_v the_o day_n of_o their_o nativity_n the_o begining_n of_o their_o month_n and_o their_o year_n in_o such_o sort_n as_o the_o day_n do_v always_o follow_v the_o night_n and_o herein_o they_o differ_v from_o other_o nation_n that_o they_o suffer_v not_o their_o child_n to_o come_v open_o unto_o they_o but_o when_o they_o be_v grow_v fit_a for_o war_n think_v it_o shameful_a and_o dishonest_a that_o a_o son_n in_o his_o childhood_n shall_v in_o public_a place_n stand_v in_o the_o sight_n of_o his_o father_n to_o the_o portion_n which_o they_o have_v with_o their_o wife_n they_o add_v as_o much_o more_o of_o their_o own_o good_n and_o the_o use_n of_o this_o money_n thus_o add_v together_o be_v keep_v apart_o and_o the_o long_a liver_n have_v both_o the_o principal_a and_o the_o interest_n for_o all_o the_o former_a time_n the_o man_n have_v power_n of_o life_n and_o death_n both_o over_o their_o wife_n and_o their_o child_n and_o when_o a_o man_n of_o great_a place_n and_o parentage_n shall_v happen_v to_o decease_n his_o kinsfolk_n assemble_v themselves_o together_o to_o inquire_v of_o his_o death_n if_o there_o be_v any_o occasion_n of_o suspicion_n they_o put_v his_o wife_n to_o torture_v after_o the_o manner_n of_o a_o servant_n and_o if_o it_o be_v find_v she_o die_v torment_v with_o fire_n and_o all_o other_o torture_n as_o may_v be_v imagine_v their_o funeral_n according_a to_o the_o rest_n of_o their_o life_n be_v magnifical_a and_o sumptuous_a bury_v with_o the_o dead_a corpse_n all_o that_o he_o take_v delight_n in_o while_o he_o live_v not_o spare_v living_n creature_n and_o not_o long_o out_o of_o memory_n the_o custom_n be_v to_o bury_v with_o the_o body_n such_o client_n and_o servant_n as_o be_v favour_v by_o he_o in_o his_o life-time_n such_o state_n as_o be_v careful_a in_o the_o government_n of_o their_o common-weal_n do_v prohibit_v by_o a_o special_a law_n that_o no_o man_n shall_v communicate_v a_o rumour_n or_o report_n touch_v the_o state_n to_o any_o man_n save_v a_o magistrate_n forasmuch_o as_o it_o have_v be_v often_o find_v that_o rash_a and_o unskilful_a man_n be_v so_o terrify_v with_o false_a report_n and_o move_v to_o such_o desperate_a attempt_n that_o they_o enter_v into_o resolution_n touch_v the_o main_a point_n of_o state_n the_o magistrate_n do_v keep_v secret_a such_o thing_n as_o they_o think_v fit_a and_o that_o which_o they_o think_v expedient_a they_o publish_v but_o it_o be_v not_o lawful_a to_o speak_v of_o matter_n of_o state_n but_o in_o assembly_n of_o state_n the_o first_o observation_n concern_v the_o beginning_n of_o day_n and_o time_n observe_v which_o caesar_n note_v in_o this_o place_n to_o be_v observe_v by_o the_o gall_n after_o sunsetting_a whereby_o it_o happen_v that_o in_o the_o natural_a day_n of_o four_o and_o twenty_o hour_n the_o night_n always_o precede_v the_o day_n time_n contrary_a to_o the_o use_n of_o italy_n where_o the_o day_n begin_v at_o sunrising_n and_o the_o night_n follow_v the_o artificial_a day_n as_o the_o second_o part_n of_o the_o day_n natural_a we_o be_v to_o understand_v that_o as_o all_o time_n and_o the_o distinction_n of_o the_o part_n thereof_o depend_v upon_o the_o two_o motion_n of_o the_o sun_n the_o one_o as_o it_o move_v in_o its_o own_o orb_n from_o west_n to_o east_n beget_v the_o revolution_n of_o year_n and_o the_o season_n of_o summer_n and_o winter_n the_o spring_n and_o the_o autumn_n with_o the_o measure_n of_o month_n as_o it_o pass_v through_o the_o sign_n of_o the_o zodiac_n and_o the_o other_o as_o it_o be_v carry_v from_o east_n to_o west_n by_o the_o first_o move_v sphere_n make_v the_o distinction_n of_o night_n and_o day_n hour_n and_o minute_n so_o the_o beginning_n of_o these_o time_n and_o season_n be_v diverse_o take_v among_o diverse_a people_n and_o nation_n of_o the_o earth_n the_o jew_n have_v the_o same_o computation_n touch_v the_o beginning_n of_o the_o day_n as_o the_o gall_n have_v but_o upon_o other_o ground_n and_o reason_n than_o can_v be_v allege_v for_o this_o custom_n in_o gallia_n for_o they_o begin_v their_o day_n in_o the_o evening_n at_o sunne-setting_a as_o appear_v by_o many_o place_n of_o the_o scripture_n and_o moses_n in_o the_o repetition_n of_o the_o first_o seven_o day_n work_n upon_o the_o accomplishment_n of_o a_o day_n say_v the_o evening_n and_o the_o morning_n be_v one_o day_n give_v the_o evening_n precedency_n before_o the_o morning_n as_o though_o the_o day_n have_v begin_v in_o the_o evening_n the_o bohemian_n in_o like_a manner_n do_v observe_v the_o beginning_n of_o their_o day_n in_o the_o evening_n and_o do_v herein_o follow_v the_o use_n of_o the_o jew_n other_o nation_n do_v begin_v at_o sunrising_n and_o take_v the_o computation_n of_o their_o day_n natural_a from_o the_o first_o appear_v of_o the_o sun_n in_o the_o east_n the_o greek_n begin_v and_o end_v their_o day_n at_o midnight_n observe_v the_o certainty_n of_o that_o time_n and_o the_o correspondence_n between_o the_o equal_a and_o planetary_a hour_n in_o the_o meridian_n circle_n whereas_o otherwise_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o inequality_n of_o the_o day_n and_o the_o night_n out_o of_o a_o right_a sphere_n there_o be_v always_o some_o difference_n between_o the_o say_a hour_n and_o this_o use_n also_o be_v observe_v by_o we_o in_o england_n this_o god_n dis_n who_o he_o name_v for_o the_o father_n of_o that_o nation_n be_v the_o same_o who_o the_o heathen_a call_v pluto_n the_o god_n of_o hell_n and_o darkness_n and_o for_o that_o cause_n they_o put_v darkness_n before_o light_n touch_v the_o beginning_n of_o their_o natural_a day_n but_o forasmuch_o as_o this_o circumstance_n give_v occasion_n to_o speak_v of_o day_n and_o time_n give_v i_o leave_v to_o insert_v the_o reformation_n of_o the_o year_n which_o caesar_n so_o happy_o establish_v that_o succeed_a time_n have_v have_v no_o cause_n to_o alter_v the_o same_o and_o although_o it_o neither_o concern_v the_o art_n of_o war_n nor_o happen_v within_o the_o compass_n of_o these_o seven_o summer_n yet_o forasmuch_o as_o it_o be_v do_v by_o caesar_n and_o deserve_v as_o often_o memory_n as_o any_o other_o of_o his_o noble_a act_n it_o shall_v not_o seem_v impertinent_a to_o the_o reader_n to_o take_v thus_o much_o by_o the_o way_n concern_v that_o matter_n there_o be_v no_o nation_n of_o any_o civil_a government_n but_o observe_v a_o course_n or_o revolution_n difference_v with_o time_n and_o season_n in_o such_o manner_n as_o may_v be_v answerable_a to_o the_o motion_n of_o the_o sun_n in_o the_o circuit_n which_o it_o make_v through_o the_o sign_n and_o degree_n of_o the_o zodiac_n but_o forasmuch_o as_o the_o government_n of_o a_o civil_a year_n do_v not_o well_o admit_v any_o other_o composition_n of_o part_n to_o make_v it_o absolute_a and_o complete_a then_o by_o natural_a day_n and_o on_o the_o other_o side_n the_o sun_n require_v odd_a hour_n and_o minute_n to_o finish_v his_o race_n and_o return_v again_o to_o the_o goal_n from_o whence_o it_o come_v there_o have_v always_o be_v find_v a_o difference_n between_o the_o civil_a and_o the_o solar_a year_n before_o caesar_n time_n the_o roman_n use_v the_o ancient_a computation_n of_o the_o year_n have_v not_o only_o such_o uncertainty_n and_o alteration_n in_o month_n and_o time_n that_o the_o sacrifice_n and_o yearly_a feast_n come_v by_o little_a and_o little_a to_o season_n contrary_a
soldier_n to_o be_v send_v he_o with_o all_o speed_n he_o rate_v every_o city_n what_o proportion_n of_o arm_n they_o shall_v have_v ready_a and_o special_o he_o labour_v to_o raise_v great_a store_n of_o horse_n to_o extraordinary_a diligence_n he_o add_v extraordinary_a severity_n compel_v such_o as_o stand_v doubtful_a by_o hard_a and_o severe_a punishment_n for_o such_o as_o have_v commit_v a_o great_a offence_n he_o put_v to_o death_n by_o fire_n and_o torture_n lesser_a fault_n he_o punish_v with_o the_o loss_n of_o their_o nose_n or_o their_o eye_n and_o so_o send_v they_o home_o that_o by_o their_o example_n other_o may_v be_v terrify_v by_o these_o practice_n and_o severity_n have_v speedy_o raise_v a_o great_a army_n he_o send_v lucterius_n of_o cahors_n a_o man_n of_o great_a spirit_n and_o boldness_n with_o part_n of_o the_o force_n towards_o the_o rutheni_n and_o he_o himself_o make_v towards_o the_o bituriges_n upon_o his_o come_v the_o bituriges_n send_v to_o the_o hedui_n in_o who_o protection_n they_o be_v in_o require_v aid_n against_o vercingetorix_n the_o hedui_n by_o the_o advice_n of_o the_o legate_n which_o caesar_n have_v leave_v with_o the_o army_n send_v force_n of_o horse_n and_o foot_n to_o the_o aid_n of_o the_o bituriges_n who_o come_v to_o the_o river_n loire_n which_o divide_v the_o bituriges_n from_o the_o hedui_n after_o a_o few_o day_n stay_v not_o dare_v to_o pass_v over_o the_o river_n return_v home_o again_o bring_v word_n to_o our_o legate_n that_o they_o dare_v not_o commit_v themselves_o to_o the_o bituriges_n and_o so_o return_v for_o they_o know_v that_o if_o they_o have_v pass_v over_o the_o river_n the_o bituriges_n have_v inciose_v they_o in_o on_o the_o one_o side_n and_o the_o arverni_n on_o the_o other_o but_o whether_o they_o do_v return_v upon_o that_o occasion_n or_o through_o perfidious_a treachery_n it_o remain_v doubtful_a the_o bituriges_n upon_o their_o departure_n do_v present_o join_v themseleves_fw-la with_o the_o arverni_n observation_n it_o be_v observe_v by_o such_o as_o be_v acquaint_v with_o matter_n of_o government_n soldier_n that_o there_o ought_v to_o be_v always_o a_o proportion_n of_o quality_n between_o he_o that_o command_v and_o they_o that_o obey_v for_o if_o a_o man_n of_o sardanapalus_n condition_n shall_v take_v upon_o he_o the_o charge_n of_o marius_n army_n it_o be_v like_a to_o take_v no_o better_a effect_n then_o if_o manlius_n have_v the_o lead_n of_o lascivious_a cinaedes_fw-la mariani_n and_o as_o we_o may_v observe_v in_o economical_a policy_n a_o dissolute_a master_n may_v as_o soon_o command_v hair_n to_o grow_v on_o the_o palm_n of_o his_o hand_n servant_n as_o to_o make_v a_o virtuous_a servant_n but_o the_o respect_n of_o duty_n between_o such_o relative_n do_v likewise_o infer_v the_o like_a respect_n of_o quality_n so_o in_o all_o sort_n and_o condition_n of_o command_n there_o must_v be_v sympathize_v mean_n to_o unite_v the_o diversity_n of_o the_o part_n in_o the_o happy_a end_n of_o perfect_a government_n in_o this_o new_a empire_n which_o befall_v vercingetorix_n we_o may_v observe_v a_o double_a proportion_n between_o he_o and_o his_o people_n the_o first_o of_o strength_n and_o ability_n and_o the_o other_o of_o quality_n and_o resemblance_n of_o affection_n upon_o the_o assurance_n of_o which_o proportion_n he_o ground_v the_o austerity_n of_o his_o command_n for_o it_o appear_v that_o his_o first_o beginning_n be_v by_o persuasion_n and_o entreaty_n and_o will_v endure_v no_o direction_n but_o that_o which_o be_v guide_v by_o a_o loose_a and_o easy_a rein_n hold_v it_o neither_o safe_a nor_o seemly_a but_o rather_o a_o strain_n of_o extreme_a madness_n first_o to_o punish_v or_o threaten_v and_o then_o to_o want_v power_n to_o make_v good_a his_o judgement_n but_o be_v strengthen_v by_o authority_n from_o themselves_o and_o back_v with_o a_o army_n able_a to_o control_v their_o disobedience_n he_o then_o add_v punishment_n as_o the_o ensign_n of_o magistracy_n and_o confirm_v his_o power_n by_o rigorous_a command_n which_o be_v as_o necessary_a a_o demonstration_n of_o a_o well-settled_n government_n as_o any_o circumstance_n belong_v thereunto_o touch_v the_o resemblance_n and_o proportion_n of_o their_o quality_n it_o be_v manifest_o show_v by_o the_o sequel_n of_o this_o history_n that_o every_o man_n desire_v to_o redeem_v the_o common_a liberty_n of_o their_o country_n in_o that_o measure_n of_o endeavour_n as_o be_v fit_v so_o great_a a_o cause_n among_o who_o vercingetorix_n be_v their_o chief_a commander_n summae_fw-la diligentiae_fw-la as_o the_o story_n say_v add_v summam_fw-la severitatem_fw-la liâ—ie_n to_o great_a diligence_n great_a severity_n as_o well_o assure_v that_o the_o great_a part_n will_v approve_v his_o justice_n and_o condemn_v the_o uncertainty_n of_o doubtful_a resolution_n desire_v no_o further_a service_n at_o their_o hand_n then_o that_o wherein_o himself_o will_v be_v the_o foremost_a in_o imitation_n of_o valerius_n corvinus_n factamea_n non_fw-la dicta_fw-la vos_fw-la milites_fw-la sequi_fw-la volo_fw-la nec_fw-la disciplinam_fw-la modo_fw-la sed_fw-la exemplum_fw-la etiam_fw-la à _fw-la i_o petere_fw-la i_o will_v have_v you_o o_o my_o soldier_n do_v as_o i_o do_v and_o not_o so_o much_o mind_n what_o i_o say_v and_o to_o take_v not_o your_o discipline_n only_o but_o your_o pattern_n also_o from_o i_o and_o therefore_o the_o party_n be_v like_a to_o be_v well_o uphold_v forasmuch_o as_o both_o the_o prince_n and_o the_o people_n be_v so_o far_o engage_v in_o the_o matter_n intend_v as_o by_o the_o resemblance_n of_o a_o earnest_a desire_n may_v answer_v the_o measure_n of_o due_a proportion_n chap._n iu._n caesar_n come_v into_o gallia_n and_o by_o a_o device_n get_v to_o his_o army_n these_o thing_n be_v tell_v caesar_n in_o italy_n caesar_n assoon_o as_o he_o understand_v that_o the_o matter_n in_o the_o city_n be_v by_o the_o wisdom_n of_o pompey_n bring_v into_o better_a state_n he_o take_v his_o journey_n into_o gallia_n and_o be_v come_v thither_o he_o be_v much_o trouble_v how_o to_o get_v to_o his_o army_n for_o if_o he_o shall_v send_v for_o the_o legion_n into_o the_o province_n he_o understand_v that_o they_o shall_v be_v certain_o fight_v withal_o by_o the_o way_n in_o his_o absence_n if_o he_o himself_o shall_v go_v unto_o they_o he_o doubt_v how_o he_o may_v safe_o commit_v his_o person_n to_o any_o although_o they_o be_v such_o as_o be_v yet_o in_o peace_n in_o the_o mean_a time_n lucterius_n of_o cahors_n be_v send_v against_o the_o rutheni_n do_v easy_o unite_v that_o state_n to_o the_o arverni_n and_o proceed_v further_o against_o the_o nitiobrige_n and_o the_o gabali_n he_o receive_v hostage_n of_o both_o of_o they_o and_o have_v raise_v a_o great_a power_n he_o labour_v to_o break_v into_o the_o province_n and_o to_o make_v towards_o narbo_n which_o be_v know_v caesar_n resolve_v by_o all_o mean_n to_o put_v he_o by_o that_o purpose_n and_o go_v himself_o to_o narbo_n at_o his_o come_n he_o encourage_v such_o as_o stand_v doubtful_a or_o timorous_a and_o place_v garrison_n among_o the_o rutheni_n the_o volsci_n and_o about_o narbo_n which_o be_v frontier_n place_n and_o near_o unto_o the_o enemy_n and_o command_v part_n of_o the_o force_n which_o be_v in_o the_o province_n together_o with_o those_o supply_n which_o he_o have_v bring_v out_o of_o italy_n to_o go_v against_o the_o helvii_n which_o be_v adjoin_v upon_o the_o arverni_n thing_n be_v thus_o order_v lucterius_n be_v now_o suppress_v and_o remove_v hold_v it_o to_o be_v dangerous_a to_o enter_v among_o the_o garrison_n he_o himself_o go_v towards_o the_o helvii_n and_o albeit_o the_o hill_n gebenna_n which_o divide_v the_o arverni_n from_o the_o helvii_n by_o reason_n of_o the_o hard_a time_n of_o winter_n and_o the_o depth_n of_o the_o snow_n do_v hinder_v their_o passage_n yet_o by_o the_o industry_n of_o the_o soldier_n make_v way_n through_o snow_n of_o six_o foot_n deep_a they_o come_v into_o the_o confine_n of_o the_o arverni_n who_o be_v sudden_o and_o unaware_o suppress_v little_o mistrust_v a_o invasion_n over_o the_o hill_n gebenna_n which_o enclose_v they_o in_o as_o a_o wall_n and_o at_o that_o time_n of_o the_o year_n do_v not_o afford_v a_o path_n to_o a_o single_a man_n alone_o he_o command_v the_o horseman_n to_o scatter_v themselves_o far_o and_o near_o to_o make_v the_o enemy_n the_o more_o afraid_a these_o thing_n be_v speedy_o carry_v to_o vercingetorix_n all_o the_o arverni_n full_a of_o fear_n and_o amazement_n flock_v about_o he_o beseech_v he_o to_o have_v a_o care_n of_o their_o state_n and_o not_o to_o suffer_v themselves_o to_o be_v sack_v by_o the_o enemy_n especial_o now_o at_o this_o time_n when_o as_o all_o the_o war_n be_v transfer_v upon_o they_o upon_o their_o instant_a entreaty_n he_o remove_v his_o camp_n out_o of_o the_o territory_n
a_o knowl_n exceed_o fortify_v and_o hard_o to_o be_v come_v unto_o on_o all_o side_n which_o if_o our_o man_n can_v get_v they_o be_v in_o hope_n to_o hinder_v the_o enemy_n both_o of_o a_o great_a part_n of_o their_o water_n and_o also_o from_o free_a forage_n but_o the_o place_n be_v keep_v with_o a_o strong_a garrison_n notwithstanding_o caesar_n go_v out_o of_o his_o camp_n in_o the_o silence_n of_o the_o night_n and_o before_o any_o help_n can_v come_v out_o of_o the_o town_n he_o put_v by_o the_o garrison_n possess_v himself_o of_o the_o place_n leave_v two_o legion_n there_o to_o defend_v it_o and_o draw_v a_o double_a trench_n of_o twelve_o foot_n in_o breadth_n from_o the_o great_a camp_n to_o the_o less_o that_o single_a man_n may_v go_v safe_a to_o and_o fro_o from_o any_o sudden_a incursion_n of_o the_o enemy_n observation_n first_o we_o may_v observe_v his_o manner_n of_o pass_v over_o the_o river_n elaver_n elaver_n without_o any_o impediment_n from_o the_o enemy_n notwithstanding_o the_o care_n which_o vercingetorix_n have_v to_o hinder_v his_o passage_n which_o be_v plot_v with_o as_o great_a dexterity_n as_o can_v be_v devise_v in_o such_o a_o matter_n and_o to_o shadow_v his_o purpose_n the_o better_a that_o the_o number_n of_o legion_n march_v up_o the_o river_n may_v appear_v to_o be_v the_o same_o he_o take_v the_o four_o part_n of_o every_o cohort_n which_o in_o the_o whole_a amount_v to_o two_o legion_n cohortibus_fw-la for_o as_o i_o have_v already_o deliver_v in_o my_o former_a observation_n a_o legion_n consist_v of_o ten_o cohort_n and_o every_o cohort_n contain_v three_o maniple_n and_o every_o maniple_n have_v two_o company_n which_o they_o call_v order_n so_o that_o every_o cohort_n have_v six_o company_n the_o four_o part_n of_o a_o cohort_n be_v a_o company_n and_o a_o half_a and_o in_o a_o legion_n come_v to_o fifteen_o company_n and_o in_o eight_o legion_n to_o one_o hundred_o and_o twenty_o company_n which_o be_v reduce_v make_v threescore_o maniple_n which_o be_v equal_a to_o two_o legion_n and_o prove_v that_o which_o i_o have_v already_o note_v the_o fit_a and_o convenient_a disposition_n of_o their_o troop_n to_o take_v out_o at_o all_o time_n competent_a force_n for_o any_o service_n without_o seem_v to_o lessen_v any_o part_n second_o i_o observe_v the_o phrase_n which_o he_o use_v in_o this_o place_n quintis_n castris_fw-la gergoviam_fw-la pervenit_fw-la he_o come_v to_o gergovia_n at_o five_o encamp_n which_o imply_v their_o infallible_a custom_n of_o encamp_v every_o night_n within_o a_o ditch_n and_o a_o rampire_n for_o as_o we_o usual_o say_v that_o to_o such_o a_o place_n be_v so_o many_o day_n journey_n because_o a_o ordinary_a traveller_n make_v so_o many_o journey_n before_o he_o come_v thither_o so_o the_o roman_n reckon_v their_o journey_n with_o their_o army_n by_o their_o encamp_n which_o be_v as_o due_o keep_v as_o their_o journey_n and_o be_v the_o most_o signal_n part_v of_o their_o day_n journey_n chap._n xviii_o convictolitanis_n move_v the_o hedui_n to_o a_o revolt_n whilst_o these_o thing_n be_v a_o do_v at_o gergovia_n caesar_n convictolitanis_n the_o heduan_n to_o who_o the_o magistracy_n be_v adjudge_v by_o caesar_n be_v wrought_v upon_o by_o the_o arverni_n with_o money_n break_v the_o matter_n to_o certain_a young_a man_n among_o who_o litavicus_n be_v chief_a and_o his_o brethren_n be_v youth_n of_o a_o great_a house_n with_o they_o he_o treat_v at_o first_o and_o wish_v they_o to_o remember_v that_o they_o be_v not_o only_o bear_v freeman_n but_o also_o to_o empire_n and_o government_n the_o hedui_n be_v the_o only_a state_n which_o keep_v gallia_n from_o a_o most_o assure_a victory_n for_o by_o their_o authority_n and_o example_n the_o rest_n will_v be_v conclude_v which_o be_v fetch_v over_o there_o will_v be_v no_o place_n in_o gallia_n for_o the_o roman_n to_o abide_v in_o touch_v himself_o he_o have_v receive_v a_o good_a turn_n from_o caesar_n but_o in_o such_o sort_n as_o he_o have_v but_o his_o right_n but_o he_o owe_v more_o to_o the_o common_a liberty_n for_o why_o shall_v the_o hedui_n rather_o dispute_v of_o their_o custom_n and_o law_n before_o caesar_n than_o the_o roman_n come_v before_o the_o hedui_n these_o young_a man_n be_v quick_o persuade_v as_o well_o by_o the_o speech_n of_o the_o magistrate_n as_o by_o reward_n insomuch_o as_o they_o offer_v themselves_o to_o be_v the_o author_n of_o that_o counsel_n but_o now_o the_o mean_n be_v to_o be_v think_v on_o forasmuch_o as_o they_o be_v persuade_v that_o the_o state_n will_v not_o easy_o be_v draw_v to_o undertake_v that_o war_n they_o determine_v at_o last_o that_o litavicus_n shall_v have_v the_o lead_n of_o those_o ten_o thousand_o man_n that_o be_v to_o be_v send_v to_o caesar_n and_o that_o his_o brethren_n shall_v be_v send_v before_o to_o caesar_n and_o conclude_v likewise_o in_o what_o sort_n they_o will_v have_v other_o thing_n carry_v litavicus_n have_v receive_v the_o army_n when_o he_o be_v about_o thirty_o mile_n from_o gergovia_n call_v the_o soldier_n sudden_o together_o and_o weep_v whither_o do_v we_o go_v say_v he_o fellow_n soldier_n all_o our_o horseman_n and_o our_o nobility_n be_v slay_v the_o prince_n of_o our_o state_n eporedorix_n and_o viridomarus_n be_v false_o accuse_v of_o treason_n be_v put_v to_o death_n by_o the_o roman_n without_o call_v they_o to_o their_o answer_n understand_v these_o thing_n from_o they_o that_o be_v escape_v from_o the_o slaughter_n for_o i_o myself_o my_o brethren_n and_o kinsman_n be_v slay_v be_o hinder_v with_o grief_n from_o tell_v you_o what_o have_v happen_v present_o those_o be_v bring_v forth_o who_o he_o have_v teach_v beforehand_o what_o he_o will_v have_v say_v who_o verify_v to_o the_o multitude_n those_o thing_n which_o litavicus_n have_v speak_v that_o all_o the_o horseman_n of_o the_o hedui_n be_v slay_v forasmuch_o as_o they_o be_v say_v to_o have_v have_v speech_n with_o the_o arverni_n for_o themselves_o they_o be_v hide_v among_o the_o multitude_n of_o soldier_n and_o be_v escape_v out_o of_o the_o midst_n of_o the_o slaughter_n the_o hedui_n cry_v out_o all_o together_o and_o do_v beseech_v litavicus_n to_o look_v to_o himself_o and_o to_o they_o also_o as_o though_o say_v he_o the_o matter_n need_v any_o advice_n or_o counsel_n and_o that_o it_o be_v not_o necessary_a for_o we_o to_o go_v direct_o to_o gergovia_n and_o to_o join_v ourselves_o with_o the_o arverni_n for_o do_v we_o doubt_v but_o that_o the_o roman_n have_v begin_v so_o wicked_o will_v run_v present_o upon_o we_o to_o take_v away_o our_o life_n and_o therefore_o if_o there_o be_v any_o courage_n at_o all_o in_o we_o let_v we_o persecute_v their_o death_n that_o have_v perish_v so_o undeserved_o and_o let_v we_o kill_v these_o thief_n he_o show_v they_o divers_a roman_a citizen_n that_o be_v in_o the_o troop_n for_o safety_n of_o convoy_n and_o forthwith_o he_o seize_v upon_o a_o great_a quantity_n of_o corn_n and_o other_o provision_n and_o torture_v they_o cruel_o to_o death_n he_o send_v out_o messenger_n throughout_o all_o the_o state_n of_o the_o hedui_n continue_v the_o same_o false_a suggestion_n touch_v the_o slaughter_n of_o the_o horseman_n and_o the_o prince_n persuade_v they_o to_o revenge_v their_o injury_n in_o like_a manner_n as_o he_o have_v do_v the_o first_o observation_n this_o treacherous_a practice_n of_o convictolitanis_n who_o a_o little_a before_o as_o we_o may_v remember_v have_v receive_v so_o great_a a_o benefit_n from_o caesar_n prove_v true_a the_o say_n of_o cornel._n tacitus_n that_o man_n be_v ready_a to_o revenge_v a_o injury_n then_o to_o requite_v a_o good_a turn_n habetur_fw-la forasmuch_o as_o gratia_n oneri_fw-la ultio_fw-la in_o quaestu_fw-la habetur_fw-la a_o good_a turn_n be_v as_o a_o burden_n and_o a_o debt_n to_o a_o man_n whereas_o revenge_n be_v reckon_v a_o gain_n the_o debt_n of_o loyalty_n and_o good_a affection_n wherein_o convictolitanis_n stand_v engage_v to_o caesar_n for_o confirm_v that_o right_a unto_o he_o which_o civil_a dissension_n have_v make_v doubtful_a together_o with_o the_o respect_n of_o the_o general_a cause_n make_v he_o so_o willing_a to_o revolt_v from_o the_o roman_n and_o in_o lieu_n of_o thankful_a acknowledgement_n to_o requite_v he_o with_o hostility_n a_o part_n so_o odious_a and_o detestable_a that_o virtue_n grieve_v to_o think_v that_o a_o man_n shall_v be_v capable_a of_o any_o such_o wickedness_n or_o be_v stain_v with_o the_o infamy_n of_o so_o horrible_a a_o crime_n other_o vice_n be_v fault_n in_o special_a and_o be_v brand_v with_o the_o several_a mark_n of_o ignominy_n but_o ingratitude_n be_v equal_a to_o the_o body_n of_o evil_a and_o do_v countervail_v the_o whole_a nature_n of_o hateful_a affection_n seneca_n according_a to_o that_o of_o the_o
he_o propound_v to_o the_o world_n as_o a_o absolute_a pattern_n both_o of_o military_a and_o civil_a virtue_n chap._n xxiii_o the_o roman_n continue_v the_o assault_n and_o be_v beat_v off_o with_o loss_n the_o contention_n be_v not_o indifferent_a to_o the_o roman_n â—â—â—sar_n neither_o in_o place_n nor_o in_o number_n of_o combatant_n be_v weary_v withal_o both_o with_o the_o long_a race_n which_o they_o have_v run_v and_o with_o the_o continuance_n of_o their_o fight_n whereby_o they_o do_v not_o so_o easy_o bear_v the_o enemy_n be_v whole_a and_o fresh_a caesar_n see_v the_o fight_n to_o be_v in_o a_o unequal_a place_n and_o the_o enemy_n still_o to_o increase_v their_o force_n fear_v his_o people_n he_o send_v to_o t._n sextius_n the_o legate_n who_o he_o have_v leave_v to_o command_v the_o lesser_a camp_n to_o bring_v out_o the_o cohort_n speedy_o and_o to_o place_v they_o at_o the_o foot_n of_o the_o hill_n on_o the_o right_a side_n of_o the_o enemy_n to_o the_o end_n that_o if_o our_o man_n be_v force_v to_o forsake_v their_o place_n yet_o the_o enemy_n may_v be_v terrify_v from_o follow_v they_o over_o free_o he_o himself_o remove_v a_o little_a out_o of_o that_o place_n where_o he_o stand_v with_o the_o legion_n attend_v the_o event_n of_o the_o battle_n and_o as_o they_o fight_v at_o hand_n very_o fierce_o the_o enemy_n trust_v in_o the_o place_n and_o in_o the_o multitude_n and_o our_o man_n in_o their_o valour_n the_o hedui_n sudden_o appear_v on_o the_o open_a side_n of_o our_o man_n who_o caesar_n have_v send_v up_o by_o another_o ascent_n on_o the_o right_a hand_n to_o keep_v off_o part_n of_o the_o enemy_n these_o by_o the_o likeness_n of_o their_o armour_n do_v wonderful_o astonish_v our_o man_n who_o although_o they_o see_v their_o right_a arm_n show_v or_o put_v forth_o which_o be_v a_o sign_n of_o peace_n yet_o they_o doubt_v lest_o the_o enemy_n have_v use_v that_o policy_n to_o deceive_v they_o at_o the_o same_o instant_a l._n fabius_n the_o centurion_n and_o those_o that_o climb_v up_o upon_o the_o wall_n with_o he_o be_v slay_v be_v cast_v down_o from_o the_o wall_n again_o and_o m._n petreius_n a_o centurion_n of_o the_o same_o legion_n as_o he_o be_v about_o to_o cut_v down_o the_o gate_n be_v oppress_v with_o the_o multitude_n and_o despair_v of_o his_o own_o life_n have_v receive_v many_o wound_n forasmuch_o say_v he_o to_o his_o soldier_n that_o follow_v he_o as_o i_o can_v save_v myself_o and_o you_o too_o i_o will_v certain_o provide_v for_o your_o safety_n who_o i_o have_v bring_v into_o danger_n whilst_o i_o thirst_v after_o honour_n you_o while_o you_o may_v shift_n for_o yourselves_o and_o withal_o he_o break_v through_o the_o thick_a of_o the_o enemy_n and_o with_o the_o slaughter_n of_o a_o couple_n he_o remove_v the_o rest_n from_o the_o gate_n and_o as_o his_o soldier_n go_v about_o to_o help_v he_o in_o vain_a say_v he_o do_v you_o endeavour_v to_o save_v my_o life_n which_o blood_n and_o strength_n have_v already_o forsake_v and_o therefore_o get_v you_o hence_o while_o you_o have_v mean_n and_o betake_v yourselves_o to_o the_o legion_n and_o so_o fight_v fall_v down_o dead_a but_o save_v his_o man_n our_o man_n be_v overcharge_v do_v all_o side_n with_o the_o loss_n of_o six_o and_o forty_o centurion_n be_v beat_v down_o from_o the_o place_n but_o the_o ten_o legion_n which_o stand_v for_o a_o rescue_n in_o a_o more_o equal_a place_n hinder_v the_o gall_n from_o follow_v over_o eager_o and_o again_o the_o cohort_n of_o the_o thirteen_o legion_n which_o sextius_n have_v bring_v out_o of_o the_o camp_n second_v that_o legion_n have_v get_v the_o advantage_n of_o the_o upper_a ground_n the_o legion_n assoon_o as_o they_o come_v into_o the_o plain_a stand_v still_o and_o turn_v head_n to_o the_o enemy_n vercingetorix_n draw_v back_o his_o man_n from_o the_o foot_n of_o the_o hill_n and_o bring_v they_o into_o their_o camp_n that_o day_n few_o less_o than_o seven_o hundred_o soldier_n be_v want_v observation_n and_o this_o be_v the_o end_n of_o presumptuous_a rashness_n when_o man_n be_v become_v so_o pregnant_a as_o to_o take_v upon_o they_o more_o than_o be_v require_v but_o as_o they_o say_v of_o fair_a weather_n that_o it_o be_v pity_v it_o shall_v do_v hurt_v so_o be_v it_o great_a pity_n that_o valour_n and_o resolution_n shall_v prove_v disadvantageous_a for_o this_o over_n of_o a_o service_n be_v but_o the_o spirit_n of_o valiant_a carriage_n and_o the_o very_a motion_n of_o prowess_n and_o courage_n memorable_a in_o the_o offender_n themselves_o as_o we_o may_v see_v by_o this_o particular_a report_n of_o fabius_n and_o petreius_n and_o much_o to_o be_v pity_v that_o virtue_n shall_v at_o any_o time_n be_v overquell_v with_o a_o great_a strength_n at_o this_o service_n the_o roman_n stand_v in_o these_o term_n they_o be_v overmatch_v in_o number_n they_o have_v spend_v their_o strength_n in_o speedy_a run_v to_o the_o place_n which_o in_o itself_o be_v not_o favourable_a unto_o they_o but_o almost_o as_o great_a a_o enemy_n as_o the_o gall_n only_o they_o trust_v in_o their_o valour_n and_o think_v by_o virtue_n to_o clear_v all_o difficulty_n the_o gall_n have_v the_o favour_n of_o the_o place_n a_o far_o great_a number_n of_o fight_a man_n they_o come_v fresh_a to_o the_o battle_n and_o be_v always_o second_v with_o fresh_a supply_n caesar_n see_v the_o two_o army_n engage_v one_o with_o another_o can_v neither_o part_v they_o nor_o recall_v his_o soldier_n but_o set_v such_o force_n as_o be_v free_a in_o such_o convenient_a place_n as_o may_v rescue_v his_o people_n in_o the_o retreat_n and_o keep_v the_o gall_n from_o follow_v the_o chase_n or_o make_v any_o great_a slaughter_n of_o the_o roman_a soldier_n whereby_o it_o happen_v that_o in_o so_o great_a a_o inequality_n where_o there_o be_v so_o many_o sword_n draw_v to_o make_v way_n to_o death_n there_o be_v not_o seven_o hundred_o man_n lose_v of_o the_o roman_a army_n and_o yet_o it_o happen_v to_o be_v the_o great_a loss_n that_o ever_o he_o receive_v in_o those_o war_n in_o his_o own_o presence_n when_o the_o issue_n of_o the_o conflict_n give_v the_o enemy_n the_o better_a of_o the_o day_n chap._n xxiiii_o caesar_n rebuke_v the_o rashness_n of_o his_o soldier_n and_o make_v light_a but_o successful_a skirmish_n upon_o the_o enemy_n caesar_n the_o next_o day_n call_v the_o army_n before_o he_o caesar_n rebuke_v the_o temerity_n and_o cupidity_n of_o the_o soldier_n forasmuch_o as_o they_o have_v take_v upon_o they_o to_o judge_v how_o far_o they_o be_v to_o go_v or_o what_o they_o be_v to_o do_v neither_o will_v they_o stay_v upon_o the_o sound_n of_o a_o retreat_n nor_o hearken_v to_o the_o tribune_n nor_o the_o legate_n that_o will_v have_v keep_v they_o back_o he_o lay_v open_a unto_o they_o how_o available_a the_o inequality_n of_o the_o place_n be_v and_o what_o he_o himself_o think_v of_o it_o when_o at_o avaricum_n he_o take_v the_o enemy_n without_o a_o general_n and_o without_o cavalry_n yet_o do_v forgo_v a_o most_o assure_a victory_n lest_o in_o the_o buckle_v he_o may_v have_v receive_v a_o small_a loss_n through_o the_o inequitie_n of_o the_o place_n how_o admirable_a be_v the_o greatness_n of_o their_o spirit_n who_o neither_o the_o fortification_n of_o the_o camp_n the_o height_n of_o the_o hill_n nor_o the_o wall_n of_o the_o town_n can_v stop_v or_o hinder_v wherein_o he_o blame_v their_o licentious_a arrogancy_n the_o more_o forasmuch_o as_o they_o have_v take_v upon_o they_o to_o judge_v better_o of_o the_o victory_n and_o the_o success_n of_o that_o service_n than_o the_o general_n himself_o neither_o do_v he_o so_o much_o desire_v to_o find_v courage_n and_o virtue_n in_o his_o soldier_n as_o modesty_n and_o sobriety_n this_o speech_n be_v deliver_v and_o in_o the_o end_n confirm_v their_o mind_n that_o they_o may_v not_o be_v discourage_v at_o the_o matter_n nor_o attribute_n that_o to_o the_o worth_n of_o the_o enemy_n which_o indeed_o be_v in_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o place_n keep_v his_o former_a purpose_n of_o departure_n he_o bring_v the_o legion_n out_o of_o the_o camp_n imbattel_v they_o in_o a_o convenient_a place_n and_o find_v that_o vercingetorix_n will_v not_o be_v draw_v into_o a_o indifferent_a place_n after_o a_o light_a skirmish_n of_o horse_n wherein_o the_o roman_n have_v the_o better_a he_o carry_v his_o army_n back_o again_o into_o the_o camp_n and_o do_v the_o like_a the_o next_o day_n think_v it_o sufficient_a to_o abate_v the_o pride_n of_o the_o gall_n and_o to_o strengthen_v the_o courage_n of_o his_o soldier_n he_o remove_v his_o camp_n into_o the_o state_n of_o the_o hedui_n the_o enemy_n refuse_v to_o make_v after_o he_o observation_n
he_o have_v overcome_v by_o his_o valour_n chap._n xxxi_o vercingetorix_n send_v away_o the_o horse_n caesar_n enclose_v alesia_n with_o a_o strong_a wall_n vercingetorix_n think_v it_o best_a to_o dismiss_v all_o the_o horse_n caesar_n and_o send_v they_o away_o in_o the_o night_n before_o the_o fortification_n be_v perfect_v by_o the_o roman_n at_o their_o departure_n he_o command_v they_o that_o every_o man_n shall_v repair_v unto_o his_o own_o state_n and_o send_v all_o to_o the_o war_n that_o be_v able_a to_o bear_v arm_n he_o lay_v open_v his_o desert_n towards_o they_o and_o do_v adjure_v they_o to_o have_v regard_n to_o his_o safety_n and_o not_o to_o suffer_v he_o to_o be_v deliver_v over_o to_o the_o torture_n of_o the_o enemy_n that_o have_v so_o well_o deserve_v of_o the_o common_a liberty_n wherein_o if_o they_o shall_v prove_v negligent_a fourscore_o thousand_o choose_a man_n will_v perish_v with_o he_o in_o that_o place_n and_o look_v into_o their_o provision_n he_o find_v that_o they_o have_v corn_n scarce_o for_o thirty_o day_n but_o by_o spare_v and_o good_a husbandry_n it_o may_v be_v make_v to_o serve_v long_o with_o these_o mandate_n he_o send_v out_o the_o horseman_n in_o silence_n about_o the_o second_o watch_n of_o the_o night_n at_o that_o part_n of_o the_o town_n where_o the_o work_n be_v not_o perfect_v he_o command_v all_o the_o corn_n to_o be_v bring_v unto_o he_o upon_o pain_n of_o death_n the_o cattle_n he_o distribute_v to_o the_o soldier_n by_o pole_n whereof_o there_o be_v great_a store_n bring_v out_o from_o the_o mandubii_fw-la the_o corn_n he_o begin_v to_o measure_v out_o very_o spare_o all_o the_o force_n which_o he_o have_v place_v before_o the_o town_n he_o receive_v within_o the_o wall_n and_o so_o he_o purpose_v to_o attend_v the_o supply_n of_o gallia_n which_o be_v know_v by_o therunne-awayes_a and_o captive_n caesar_n appoint_v to_o make_v these_o fortification_n he_o draw_v a_o ditch_n of_o twenty_o foot_n in_o breadth_n and_o depth_n with_o straight_a side_n as_o broad_a at_o the_o bottom_n as_o at_o the_o top_n the_o rest_n of_o the_o work_n he_o make_v forty_o foot_n short_a of_o that_o ditch_n which_o he_o do_v for_o these_o reason_n that_o the_o whole_a body_n of_o the_o roman_n may_v not_o easy_o be_v enclose_v about_o with_o a_o army_n of_o soldier_n which_o he_o think_v to_o prevent_v by_o take_v in_o so_o great_a a_o circuit_n of_o ground_n and_o second_o lest_o the_o enemy_n sally_v out_o upon_o a_o sudden_a shall_v in_o the_o night_n come_v to_o destroy_v the_o work_n or_o in_o the_o daytime_n trouble_v the_o soldier_n with_o dart_n and_o cast_a weapon_n as_o they_o be_v busy_v about_o the_o work_n this_o space_n of_o forty_o foot_n be_v leave_v he_o make_v two_o ditch_n of_o fifteen_o foot_n in_o breadth_n and_o depth_n the_o innermost_a whereof_o be_v carry_v through_o the_o field_n and_o the_o low_a ground_n he_o fill_v with_o water_n draw_v out_o of_o the_o river_n behind_o they_o he_o make_v a_o ditch_n and_o a_o rampire_n of_o twelve_o foot_n and_o strengthen_v it_o with_o a_o parapet_n and_o pinnacle_n and_o with_o great_a bough_n of_o tree_n cut_v in_o cag_n like_a unto_o a_o heart_n horn_n which_o he_o set_v where_o the_o hovel_n be_v join_v to_o the_o rampire_n to_o hinder_v the_o enemy_n from_o climb_v up_o and_o make_v tower_n round_o about_o the_o whole_a work_n in_o the_o distance_n of_o fourscore_o foot_n one_o from_o another_o at_o the_o same_o time_n the_o roman_a soldier_n be_v both_o to_o get_v stuff_n for_o the_o fortification_n to_o go_v a_o harve_n for_o provision_n of_o corn_n and_o to_o make_v such_o great_a work_n our_o force_n be_v much_o weaken_v and_o be_v to_o seek_v corn_n and_o stuff_n far_o off_o from_o the_o camp_n the_o gall_n also_o oftentimes_o attempt_v to_o destroy_v the_o work_n and_o to_o sally_v out_o of_o the_o town_n at_o divers_a port_n therefore_o caesar_n think_v it_o fit_a to_o add_v thus_o much_o more_o to_o the_o foresay_a work_n that_o the_o fortification_n may_v be_v make_v good_a with_o the_o less_o number_n of_o man_n he_o make_v ditch_n round_o about_o the_o work_n of_o five_o foot_n deep_a and_o in_o they_o he_o plant_v either_o the_o body_n of_o tree_n or_o great_a firm_a bough_n sharpen_v into_o many_o pike_n and_o snag_n be_v bind_v together_o at_o the_o bottom_n that_o they_o may_v not_o be_v easy_o pluck_v up_o and_o spread_v themselves_o at_o the_o top_n into_o very_o sharp_a cag_n there_o be_v of_o these_o five_o rank_n so_o combine_v and_o enfold_v one_o in_o another_o that_o which_o way_n soever_o the_o enemy_n shall_v enter_v upon_o they_o he_o will_v necessary_o run_v himself_o upon_o a_o sharp_a stake_n these_o they_o call_v cippi_n before_o these_o in_o oblique_a course_n after_o the_o manner_n of_o a_o quincunce_n be_v dig_v hole_n of_o three_o foot_n deep_a narrow_a at_o the_o bottom_n like_o a_o sugar_n loaf_n these_o they_o set_v with_o round_a stake_n of_o the_o bigness_n of_o a_o man_n thigh_n with_o a_o sharp_a harden_a point_n in_o such_o sort_n that_o they_o stick_v not_o above_o four_o finger_n out_o of_o the_o earth_n and_o for_o the_o better_a fasten_n of_o they_o they_o stick_v all_o a_o foot_n within_o the_o ground_n the_o rest_n of_o the_o hole_n for_o the_o better_a order_n of_o the_o matter_n be_v hide_v with_o osier_n and_o spread_v of_o these_o be_v eight_o course_n three_o foot_n distant_a one_o from_o another_o and_o these_o they_o call_v lily_n from_o the_o resemblance_n they_o have_v to_o the_o figure_n of_o that_o flower_n before_o these_o be_v galthrop_n of_o a_o foot_n long_o fasten_v in_o the_o earth_n and_o head_v at_o the_o top_n with_o barb_a hook_n of_o iron_n sow_v up_o and_o down_o in_o all_o place_n in_o a_o reasonable_a distance_n one_o from_o another_o and_o these_o they_o call_v stimuli_fw-la the_o inner_a fortification_n be_v thus_o perfect_v he_o follow_v the_o even_a and_o level_a ground_n as_o much_o as_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o place_n will_v give_v he_o leave_v and_o take_v in_o fourteen_o mile_n in_o circuit_n and_o make_v the_o like_a fortification_n in_o all_o point_n against_o the_o enemy_n without_o as_o he_o have_v do_v against_o the_o town_n to_o the_o end_n that_o if_o he_o be_v drive_v upon_o occasion_n to_o depart_v and_o leave_v the_o work_n it_o may_v be_v no_o danger_n for_o he_o to_o leave_v the_o camp_n forasmuch_o as_o a_o few_o man_n will_v defend_v it_o he_o command_v every_o man_n to_o have_v forage_n and_o provision_n of_o corn_n for_o thirty_o day_n the_o first_o observation_n i_o promise_v in_o my_o former_a observation_n to_o speak_v somewhat_o touch_v the_o roman_a work_n and_o to_o show_v the_o use_n they_o make_v of_o they_o in_o their_o great_a occasion_n but_o this_o description_n of_o the_o work_n at_o alesia_n do_v so_o far_o exceed_v the_o enlargement_n of_o comment_v word_n that_o it_o have_v drown_v the_o eloquence_n of_o great_a historian_n and_o in_o stead_n of_o exposition_n and_o enforcement_n have_v draw_v from_o they_o speech_n express_v great_a admiration_n than_o belief_n circa_n alesiam_n say_v paterculus_n tantae_fw-la res_fw-la gestae_fw-la quantas_fw-la audere_fw-la vix_fw-la hominis_fw-la perficere_fw-la nullius_fw-la nisi_fw-la dei_fw-la fuerit_fw-la so_o great_a thing_n be_v do_v at_o alesia_n that_o they_o may_v seem_v too_o great_a for_o any_o man_n to_o attempt_v or_o any_o but_o a_o god_n to_o effect_v to_o enclose_v a_o town_n with_o a_o ditch_n and_o a_o rampire_n of_o eleven_o mile_n in_o circuit_n be_v a_o matter_n worthy_a the_o roman_a army_n but_o to_o add_v such_o variety_n of_o work_n and_o to_o make_v such_o strange_a trape_n and_o opposition_n against_o a_o enemy_n be_v admirable_a to_o the_o hearer_n and_o not_o that_o only_a but_o to_o make_v the_o like_a work_n without_o to_o keep_v the_o gall_n from_o raise_v the_o siege_n do_v double_a the_o wonder_n by_o which_o work_n he_o do_v besiege_v and_o be_v besiege_v take_v the_o town_n and_o overthrow_v the_o enemy_n in_o the_o field_n such_o as_o since_o that_o time_n have_v imitate_v this_o industry_n only_o by_o a_o small_a ditch_n and_o a_o rampire_n for_o i_o think_v no_o man_n ever_o make_v such_o work_n have_v wrought_v wonder_n in_o matter_n of_o war_n castruccio_n get_v the_o name_n of_o renew_v the_o ancient_a military_a discipline_n in_o italy_n chief_o for_o that_o he_o besiege_v pistoia_n and_o with_o the_o help_n of_o a_o double_a trench_n according_a to_o the_o example_n of_o caesar_n he_o keep_v in_o the_o pistoyans_n on_o the_o one_o side_n and_o keep_v out_o a_o army_n on_o the_o other_o side_n of_o thirty_o thousand_o foot_n and_o three_o thousand_o horse_n in_o such_o manner_n as_o in_o the_o end_n he_o
first_o so_o he_o ask_v he_o what_o be_v he_o that_o be_v dead_a and_o bury_v there_o but_o straight_o fetch_v a_o great_a sigh_n alas_o say_v he_o perhaps_o it_o be_v pompey_n the_o great_a then_o he_o land_v a_o little_a and_o be_v straight_o take_v and_o slay_v this_o be_v the_o end_n of_o pompey_n the_o great_a not_o long_o after_o caesar_n also_o come_v into_o egypt_n that_o be_v in_o great_a war_n where_o pompey_n head_n be_v present_v unto_o he_o but_o he_o turn_v his_o head_n aside_o and_o will_v not_o see_v it_o and_o abhor_v he_o that_o bring_v it_o as_o a_o detestable_a murderer_n then_o take_v his_o ring_n wherewith_o he_o seal_v his_o letter_n whereupon_o be_v grave_v a_o lion_n hold_v a_o sword_n he_o burst_v out_o a_o weep_v achillas_n and_o photinus_n he_o put_v to_o death_n king_n ptolemy_n himself_o also_o be_v overthrow_v in_o battle_n by_o the_o river_n of_o nilus_n vanish_v away_o and_o be_v never_o hear_v of_o after_o theodotus_n the_o rhetorician_n escape_v caesar_n hand_n and_o wander_v up_o and_o down_o egypt_n in_o great_a misery_n despise_v of_o every_o man_n afterward_o marcus_n brutus_n who_o slay_v caesar_n conquer_a asia_n meet_v with_o he_o by_o chance_n and_o put_v he_o to_o all_o the_o torment_n he_o can_v possible_o devise_v at_o the_o length_n slay_v he_o the_o ash_n of_o pompey_n body_n be_v afterward_o bring_v unto_o his_o wife_n cornelia_n who_o bury_v they_o in_o a_o town_n of_o she_o by_o the_o city_n of_o alba._n and_o have_v in_o this_o manner_n pay_v the_o tribute_n which_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n do_v exact_a est_fw-la the_o law_n of_o the_o twelve_o table_n do_v free_a his_o sepulchre_n from_o any_o further_a disturbance_n mortalium_fw-la ubi_fw-la corpus_fw-la demortui_fw-la hominis_fw-la condas_fw-la sacer_fw-la esto_fw-la let_v that_o place_n be_v sacred_a â—_o where_o the_o body_n of_o a_o dead_a man_n be_v bury_v only_o this_o may_v be_v add_v 100_o that_o as_o fabius_n be_v call_v maximus_n scipio_n magnus_n and_o pompey_n magnus_n which_o title_n they_o carry_v as_o mark_n of_o special_a nobleness_n to_o raise_v they_o above_o the_o common_a worth_n of_o man_n so_o their_o end_n make_v they_o even_o with_o the_o low_a of_o the_o state_n according_a to_o that_o of_o seneca_n intervallis_fw-la distinguimur_fw-la exitu_fw-la aquamur_fw-la here_o we_o be_v distinguish_v by_o distance_n but_o death_n make_v we_o all_o equal_a chap._n xxxvii_o prodigious_a accident_n happen_v upon_o the_o battle_n in_o pharsalia_n caesar_n come_v into_o egypt_n caesar_n come_v into_o asia_n stile_n find_v t._n ampius_n go_v about_o to_o take_v the_o money_n out_o of_o the_o temple_n of_o diana_n at_o ephesus_n and_o for_o that_o cause_n to_o have_v call_v together_o all_o the_o senator_n that_o be_v in_o the_o province_n that_o he_o may_v use_v they_o as_o witness_n in_o the_o matter_n but_o be_v interrupt_v by_o caesar_n arrival_n he_o flee_v away_o so_o that_o two_o several_a time_n the_o money_n be_v save_v at_o ephesus_n by_o caesar_n mean_n it_o be_v further_o find_v very_o certain_a that_o in_o the_o temple_n of_o minerva_n at_o elis_n a_o just_a calculation_n of_o the_o time_n be_v take_v the_o same_o day_n that_o caesar_n overthrow_v pompey_n the_o image_n of_o victory_n which_o stand_v before_o minerva_n and_o look_v towards_o her_o portraiture_n do_v turn_v itself_o towards_o the_o portall_n and_o the_o temple-gate_n and_o the_o same_o day_n likewise_o there_o be_v such_o a_o noise_n of_o a_o army_n twice_o hear_v at_o antioch_n in_o syria_n and_o such_o sound_n of_o trumpet_n that_o the_o city_n run_v in_o arm_n to_o keep_v the_o wall_n the_o like_a happen_v at_o ptolemais_n and_o likewise_o at_o pergamus_n in_o the_o remote_a and_o hide_a place_n of_o the_o temple_n which_o be_v call_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d into_o which_o it_o be_v not_o lawful_a for_o any_o man_n to_o enter_v but_o the_o priest_n be_v bell_n hear_v to_o ring_n beside_o at_o tralles_n in_o the_o temple_n of_o victory_n where_o they_o have_v set_v up_o a_o statue_n to_o caesar_n there_o be_v show_v a_o palmtree_n which_o in_o those_o day_n be_v grow_v from_o between_o the_o joint_n of_o the_o stone_n out_o of_o the_o pavement_n caesar_n stay_v a_o few_o day_n in_o asia_n hear_v that_o pompey_n be_v see_v at_o cyprus_n and_o conjecture_v he_o go_v into_o egypt_n for_o the_o amity_n and_o correspondency_n he_o have_v with_o that_o kingdom_n beside_o other_o opportunity_n of_o the_o place_n he_o come_v to_o alexandria_n with_o two_o legion_n one_o that_o he_o command_v to_o follow_v he_o out_o of_o thessaly_n and_o another_o which_o he_o have_v call_v out_o of_o achaia_n from_o fusius_fw-la a_o legate_n together_o with_o eight_o hundred_o horse_n ten_o galley_n of_o rhodes_n and_o a_o few_o ship_n of_o asia_n in_o these_o legion_n be_v not_o above_o three_o thousand_o two_o hundred_o man_n the_o rest_n be_v either_o wound_v in_o the_o sight_n or_o spend_v with_o travel_n and_o the_o length_n of_o the_o journey_n but_o caesar_n trust_v to_o the_o fame_n of_o his_o great_a exploit_n do_v not_o doubt_v to_o go_v with_o these_o weak_a force_n think_v every_o place_n will_v entertain_v he_o with_o safety_n at_o alexandria_n he_o understand_v of_o pompey_n death_n memphis_n and_o as_o he_o be_v go_v out_o of_o the_o ship_n he_o hear_v a_o clamour_n of_o the_o souldâ—ers_n which_o the_o king_n have_v leave_v to_o keep_v the_o town_n and_o see_v a_o concourse_n of_o people_n gather_v about_o he_o because_o the_o bundle_n of_o rod_n be_v carry_v before_o he_o all_o the_o multitude_n cry_v out_o that_o the_o king_n authority_n be_v diminish_v this_o tumult_n be_v appease_v there_o be_v often_o uproar_n and_o commotion_n of_o the_o people_n for_o every_o day_n after_o and_o many_o soldier_n be_v slay_v in_o divers_a part_n of_o the_o city_n whereupon_o caesar_n give_v order_n for_o other_o legion_n to_o be_v bring_v he_o out_o of_o asia_n which_o he_o raise_v and_o enrol_v of_o pompey_n soldier_n he_o himself_o be_v staâ—ed_v by_o the_o wind_n call_v etesiae_n which_o be_v against_o they_o that_o sail_n from_o alexandria_n in_o the_o mean_a time_n forasmuch_o as_o he_o conceive_v that_o if_o the_o controversy_n between_o the_o king_n and_o his_o sister_n do_v appertain_v to_o the_o people_n of_o rome_n then_o consequent_o to_o he_o as_o consul_n and_o so_o much_o the_o rather_o it_o concern_v his_o office_n for_o that_o in_o his_o former_a consulship_n there_o be_v a_o league_n make_v by_o the_o decree_n of_o senate_n with_o ptolemey_n the_o father_n in_o regard_n hereof_o he_o signify_v that_o his_o pleasure_n be_v that_o both_o the_o king_n and_o his_o sister_n cleopatra_n shall_v dismiss_v their_o army_n and_o rather_o plead_v their_o cause_n before_o he_o then_o to_o decide_v it_o by_o arm_n there_o be_v at_o that_o time_n one_o photinus_n a_o eunuch_n that_o have_v the_o administration_n of_o the_o kingdom_n during_o the_o minority_n of_o the_o child_n he_o first_o begin_v to_o complain_v among_o his_o friend_n &_o to_o take_v it_o in_o scorn_n that_o the_o king_n shall_v be_v call_v out_o to_o plead_v his_o cause_n and_o afterward_o have_v get_v some_o assistance_n of_o the_o king_n friend_n he_o draw_v the_o army_n secret_o from_o pelusium_n to_o alexandria_n and_o make_v achillas_n former_o mention_v general_n of_o all_o the_o force_n incite_v he_o forward_o as_o well_o by_o his_o own_o promise_n as_o from_o the_o king_n and_o instruct_v he_o by_o letter_n and_o messenger_n what_o he_o will_v have_v do_v ptolemey_n the_o father_n by_o his_o last_o wâ—ll_n and_o testament_n have_v leave_v for_o heir_n the_o elder_a of_o two_o son_n and_o likewise_o the_o elder_a of_o two_o daughter_n and_o for_o the_o confirmation_n thereof_o have_v in_o the_o same_o will_n charge_v and_o require_v the_o people_n of_o rome_n by_o all_o the_o god_n &_o by_o the_o league_n he_o make_v at_o rome_n to_o see_v this_o accomplish_a for_o which_o purpose_n he_o send_v a_o copy_n of_o his_o will_n to_o rome_n to_o be_v keep_v in_o the_o treasury_n which_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o public_a occasion_n that_o admit_v no_o such_o business_n for_o the_o present_a be_v leave_v with_o pompey_n and_o the_o original_a sign_v and_o seal_v up_o be_v bring_v to_o alexandria_n while_o caesar_n be_v handle_v these_o thing_n be_v very_o desirous_a to_o end_v these_o controversy_n by_o arbitrement_n it_o be_v tell_v he_o on_o a_o sudden_a that_o the_o king_n army_n and_o all_o the_o cavalry_n be_v come_v to_o caesar_n force_n be_v not_o such_o that_o he_o dare_v trust_v upon_o they_o to_o hazard_v battle_n without_o the_o town_n only_o it_o remain_v that_o he_o keep_v himself_o in_o such_o place_n as_o be_v most_o fit_a and_o convenient_a for_o he_o within_o
the_o town_n and_o to_o learn_v what_o achillas_n intend_v howsoever_o he_o command_v all_o the_o soldier_n to_o arm_n and_o exhort_v the_o king_n that_o of_o those_o which_o be_v near_a unto_o he_o and_o of_o great_a authority_n he_o will_v send_v some_o to_o achillas_n to_o know_v his_o meaning_n dioscorides_n &_o serapion_n be_v depute_v thereunto_o have_v be_v both_o ambassador_n at_o rome_n and_o in_o great_a place_n about_o ptolemey_n the_o father_n they_o come_v to_o achillas_n who_o as_o soon_o as_o they_o be_v come_v into_o his_o presence_n and_o before_o he_o will_v hear_v or_o understand_v what_o they_o will_v have_v he_o command_v to_o be_v take_v away_o and_o slay_v of_o who_o one_o have_v receive_v a_o wound_n be_v carry_v away_o by_o his_o own_o people_n for_o dead_a the_o other_o be_v slay_v outright_o whereupon_o caesar_n wrought_v to_o get_v the_o king_n into_o his_o own_o hand_n think_v that_o his_o name_n and_o title_n will_v prevail_v much_o among_o his_o people_n as_o also_o to_o make_v it_o appear_v that_o this_o war_n be_v rather_o move_v by_o the_o private_a practice_n of_o some_o seditious_a thief_n then_o by_o order_n and_o commandment_n from_o the_o king_n observation_n the_o multiplicity_n of_o occasion_n and_o trouble_n which_o happen_v to_o such_o as_o have_v the_o order_n of_o any_o business_n of_o import_n do_v make_v that_o of_o pliny_n often_o remember_v 8._o veteribus_fw-la negotâ—â—s_fw-la nova_fw-la accrâ—scunt_fw-la nec_fw-la tamen_fw-la priora_fw-la peraguntur_fw-la tot_fw-la nexibus_fw-la tot_fw-la quasi_fw-la catenis_fw-la majus_fw-la indy_n occupationum_fw-la agmen_fw-la extenditur_fw-la new_a business_n come_v in_o the_o neck_n of_o old_a and_o yet_o the_o first_o be_v not_o dispatch_v with_o so_o many_o tie_n and_o chain_n as_o it_o be_v be_v the_o troup_n of_o business_n every_o day_n make_v long_a and_o long_o for_o albeit_o pompey_n have_v now_o spend_v his_o malice_n and_o be_v no_o more_o to_o appear_v in_o arm_n against_o caesar_n yet_o his_o hap_n be_v by_o sly_v to_o draw_v he_o as_o it_o be_v by_o way_n of_o revenge_n into_o a_o place_n where_o he_o be_v necessary_o to_o be_v entangle_v in_o a_o dangerous_a war_n to_o thâ—se_a prodigy_n here_o mention_v may_v be_v add_v that_o of_o aulus_n gellius_n 18._o that_o the_o same_o day_n the_o battle_n happen_v there_o fall_v out_o a_o strange_a wonder_n at_o 〈◊〉_d where_o a_o certain_a priest_n call_v cornelius_n of_o noble_a race_n and_o holy_a life_n sudden_o fall_v into_o a_o ecstasy_n and_o say_v he_o see_v a_o great_a battle_n afar_o off_o dart_n and_o pile_n she_o thick_a in_o the_o air_n some_o sly_v and_o some_o pursue_v great_a slaughter_n accompany_v with_o many_o lamentable_a groan_n and_o cry_n and_o in_o the_o end_n cry_v out_o that_o caesar_n have_v get_v the_o victory_n for_o which_o he_o be_v mâ—â—ked_v for_o the_o present_a but_o afterward_o hold_v in_o great_a admiration_n pliny_n make_v the_o small_a increase_n of_o nilus_n to_o be_v a_o fore-teller_n of_o pompey_n death_n 9_o minimumque_fw-la pharsalico_n bello_fw-la veluti_fw-la necem_fw-la magni_fw-la prodâ—gâ—â—_n quodam_fw-la slumine_fw-la aversante_n the_o least_o increase_n of_o nilus_n be_v at_o the_o time_n of_o the_o pharsaliaâ—â—_n battle_n the_o very_a river_n prodigious_o show_v as_o it_o be_v a_o detestation_n of_o the_o murder_n of_o the_o great_a pompey_n chap._n xxxviii_o caesar_n land_v his_o force_n take_v pharus_n and_o cause_v photinus_n to_o be_v slay_v the_o force_n that_o be_v with_o achillas_n be_v neither_o for_o their_o number_n or_o fashion_n of_o man_n or_o use_v and_o experience_n in_o war_n to_o be_v contemn_v for_o he_o have_v twenty_o two_o thousand_o man_n in_o arm_n these_o troop_n consist_v of_o the_o gabinian_a soldier_n which_o be_v now_o grow_v into_o a_o custom_n of_o life_n and_o liberty_n of_o the_o egyptian_n and_o have_v forget_v the_o name_n and_o discipline_n of_o the_o people_n of_o rome_n have_v there_o marry_v wife_n and_o most_o of_o they_o have_v child_n to_o these_o be_v add_v such_o as_o be_v gather_v from_o the_o thief_n and_o robber_n of_o syria_n the_o province_n of_o cilicia_n and_o other_o finitimate_a region_n beside_o many_o banish_a man_n and_o other_o condemn_v to_o die_v that_o flee_v thither_o and_o for_o all_o our_o fugitive_n there_o be_v ever_o a_o sure_a and_o certain_a receipt_n at_o alexandria_n and_o a_o certain_a condition_n of_o life_n for_o upon_o give_v up_o of_o his_o name_n he_o be_v present_o enrol_v a_o soldier_n and_o if_o one_o chance_v to_o be_v take_v and_o apprehend_v by_o his_o master_n he_o be_v present_o rescue_v by_o the_o concourse_n of_o soldier_n who_o be_v all_o in_o the_o same_o condition_n do_v strive_v for_o he_o as_o for_o themselves_o these_o require_v the_o king_n friend_n to_o be_v slay_v these_o be_v accustom_v to_o rob_v rich_a man_n of_o their_o good_n to_o better_a their_o pay_n to_o besiege_v the_o king_n house_n to_o expel_v some_o out_o of_o the_o kingdom_n and_o to_o send_v for_o other_o home_n according_a to_o a_o old_a custom_n and_o privilege_n of_o the_o alexandrian_a army_n there_o be_v beside_o two_o thousand_o horse_n that_o have_v be_v of_o ancient_a continuance_n in_o many_o of_o the_o war_n hold_v at_o alexandria_n and_o have_v bring_v back_o ptolemy_n the_o father_n and_o restore_v he_o to_o his_o kingdom_n have_v slay_v bibulus_n two_o son_n and_o have_v make_v war_n with_o the_o egyptian_n and_o this_o use_n and_o knowledge_n they_o have_v of_o war_n achillas_n trust_v to_o these_o force_n and_o contemn_v the_o small_a number_n of_o caesar_n troop_n do_v take_v and_o possess_v alexandria_n and_o further_o assault_v that_o part_n of_o the_o town_n which_o caesar_n hold_v with_o his_o man_n do_v first_o of_o all_o endeavour_n to_o break_v into_o his_o house_n but_o caesar_n have_v dispose_v the_o cohort_n in_o the_o street_n and_o way_n do_v bear_v out_o the_o assault_n at_o the_o same_o time_n they_o seek_v likewise_o at_o the_o port_n and_o it_o come_v at_o length_n to_o a_o very_a forcible_a encounter_n for_o have_v draw_v out_o their_o troop_n the_o fight_n begin_v to_o be_v â—ot_n in_o divers_a street_n and_o lane_n and_o the_o enemy_n in_o great_a troop_n go_v about_o to_o possess_v themselves_o of_o the_o galley_n of_o which_o there_o be_v 50._o find_v there_o that_o be_v send_v to_o serve_v pompey_n and_o return_v home_o again_o after_o the_o battle_n in_o thessalia_n these_o be_v all_o triremes_n and_o quinqueremes_n rig_v and_o ready_a to_o go_v to_o sea_n beside_o these_o there_o be_v twenty_o two_o which_o be_v always_o accustom_v to_o be_v the_o best_a for_o the_o defence_n of_o alexandria_n and_o be_v all_o furnish_v with_o deck_n which_o if_o they_o have_v take_v together_o with_o caesar_n ship_n they_o will_v have_v have_v the_o haven_n and_o the_o sea_n at_o their_o command_n and_o by_o that_o mean_n hinder_v caesar_n from_o succour_n and_o provision_n of_o victual_n in_o regard_v whereof_o they_o fight_v hard_o on_o both_o side_n achillas_n expect_v victory_n and_o our_o man_n for_o their_o safety_n but_o caesar_n obtain_v his_o purpose_n and_o because_o he_o be_v not_o able_a to_o keep_v so_o many_o several_a thing_n with_o so_o small_a force_n he_o set_v they_o all_o on_o fire_n together_o with_o those_o that_o be_v in_o the_o road_n and_o present_o land_v some_o soldier_n at_o pharus_n which_o be_v a_o tower_n in_o a_o island_n of_o a_o great_a height_n &_o build_v with_o strange_a workmanship_n take_v that_o name_n from_o the_o island_n this_o island_n lie_v over_o against_o alexandria_n and_o so_o make_v it_o a_o haven_n but_o former_a king_n have_v enlarge_v it_o nine_o hundred_o pace_n in_o length_n by_o raise_v great_a mount_n in_o the_o sea_n and_o by_o that_o mean_n have_v bring_v it_o so_o near_o to_o the_o town_n that_o they_o join_v they_o both_o together_o with_o a_o bridge_n in_o this_o island_n dwell_v divers_a egyptian_n and_o make_v a_o village_n of_o the_o bigness_n of_o a_o town_n and_o what_o ship_n soever_o have_v fall_v off_o their_o course_n either_o by_o tempest_n or_o error_n be_v there_o rob_v by_o those_o egyptian_n for_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o narrow_a entrance_n no_o ship_n can_v come_v into_o the_o haven_n but_o by_o the_o favour_n and_o leave_v of_o they_o that_o hold_v pharus_n caesar_n be_v afraid_a of_o this_o while_o the_o enemy_n be_v busy_a in_o fight_n land_v his_o soldier_n take_v the_o place_n and_o there_o put_v a_o garrison_n whereby_o he_o bring_v it_o to_o pass_v that_o both_o corn_n and_o succour_n may_v safe_o come_v by_o sea_n to_o supply_v he_o for_o he_o have_v send_v to_o all_o the_o confine_a region_n for_o aid_n in_o other_o place_n of_o the_o town_n they_o so_o fight_v that_o they_o give_v over_o at_o length_n upon_o
among_o the_o rude_a people_n as_o one_o that_o be_v ever_o a_o beginner_n of_o new_a design_n take_v with_o his_o own_o and_o drape_n his_o force_n a_o town_n call_v uxellodunum_n which_o have_v be_v former_o in_o his_o tuition_n a_o place_n excellent_o well_o fortify_v by_o the_o natural_a situation_n thereof_o and_o cause_v the_o townsman_n to_o join_v with_o he_o to_o this_o town_n caninius_n forthwith_o come_v and_o perceive_v that_o all_o part_n of_o the_o same_o be_v fortify_v with_o craggy_a cliff_n insomuch_o that_o though_o no_o man_n be_v there_o to_o defend_v it_o yet_o be_v it_o a_o haâ—d_a matter_n for_o man_n in_o their_o armour_n to_o get_v up_o know_v also_o that_o the_o moveable_n of_o the_o townsman_n be_v great_a which_o if_o they_o shall_v go_v about_o to_o carry_v privy_o away_o they_o can_v not_o escape_v either_o our_o horseman_n or_o footman_n he_o divide_v his_o cohort_n into_o three_o part_n and_o make_v three_o camp_n upon_o a_o very_a high_a ground_n from_o which_o by_o degree_n as_o his_o army_n be_v able_a he_o determine_v to_o draw_v a_o rampire_n and_o trench_n round_o about_o the_o town_n the_o townsman_n perceive_v that_o and_o remember_v the_o miserable_a condition_n of_o alexia_n fear_v the_o like_a siege_n luterius_fw-la especial_o who_o have_v taste_v the_o smart_n of_o that_o misfortune_n advise_v they_o to_o lay_v for_o corn_n beforehand_o whereupon_o they_o determine_v by_o general_a consent_n that_o leave_v a_o part_n of_o the_o army_n for_o the_o defence_n of_o the_o town_n luterius_fw-la and_o drape_n with_o the_o best-provided_n shall_v go_v forth_o to_o fetch_v in_o corn_n this_o counsel_n be_v approve_v of_o the_o next_o night_n drape_n and_o luterius_fw-la leave_v two_o thousand_o arm_a man_n behind_o they_o draw_v the_o rest_n out_o of_o the_o town_n after_o a_o few_o day_n be_v abroad_o they_o bring_v in_o a_o great_a quantity_n of_o grain_n out_o of_o the_o country_n of_o the_o cadurci_n who_o partly_o be_v willing_a to_o help_v they_o therewith_o and_o partly_o dare_v not_o withstand_v their_o take_n it_o as_o not_o be_v able_a to_o make_v their_o part_n good_a against_o they_o oftentimes_o also_o they_o will_v fly_v out_o in_o the_o night_n and_o assault_v the_o castle_n of_o our_o camp_n upon_o which_o consideration_n c._n caninius_n stay_v the_o make_n of_o fortification_n round_o about_o the_o town_n lest_o he_o shall_v not_o be_v able_a to_o defend_v the_o circumvallation_n when_o it_o be_v finish_v or_o else_o shall_v be_v force_v to_o set_v but_o weak_a watch_n in_o so_o many_o place_n at_o once_o when_o they_o have_v get_v together_o a_o great_a quantity_n of_o grain_n drape_n and_o luterius_fw-la take_v up_o their_o stand_n not_o above_o ten_o mile_n from_o the_o town_n the_o better_a at_o time_n to_o convey_v it_o in_o and_o they_o part_v the_o charge_n between_o they_o drape_n tarry_v behind_o with_o part_n of_o the_o army_n to_o keep_v the_o camp_n luterius_fw-la drive_v the_o beast_n with_o their_o carriage_n towards_o the_o town_n and_o set_v guard_n there_o for_o his_o defence_n about_o ten_o of_o the_o clock_n in_o the_o night_n purpose_v by_o narrow_a way_n through_o the_o wood_n to_o convey_v the_o corn_n into_o the_o town_n the_o watchman_n of_o our_o camp_n hear_v the_o noise_n of_o their_o foot_n and_o the_o scout_n which_o be_v send_v out_o report_v what_o be_v a_o do_v caninius_n cause_v his_o cohort_n to_o arm_v themselves_o quick_o and_o about_o break_v of_o day_n make_v attempt_v out_o of_o the_o next_o castle_n upon_o the_o forager_n who_o be_v fright_v with_o the_o suddenness_n of_o the_o mischief_n flee_v to_o their_o guard_n which_o as_o soon_o as_o our_o man_n perceive_v they_o fly_v more_o fierce_o upon_o they_o and_o suffer_v none_o to_o be_v take_v alive_a luterius_fw-la flee_v from_o thence_o with_o a_o few_o but_o return_v not_o to_o his_o camp_n after_o this_o good_a success_n caninius_n understand_v by_o his_o prisoner_n that_o part_n of_o the_o army_n be_v behind_o in_o the_o camp_n with_o drape_n not_o above_o twelve_o mile_n off_o which_o when_o he_o have_v learn_v by_o many_o to_o be_v truth_n believe_v that_o one_o of_o the_o general_n already_o put_v to_o flight_n the_o remnant_n of_o the_o army_n be_v terrify_v may_v easy_o be_v overthrow_v he_o think_v it_o a_o great_a piece_n of_o happiness_n that_o none_o escape_v from_o the_o slaughter_n into_o the_o camp_n to_o carry_v tiding_n of_o the_o mishap_n to_o drape_n and_o forasmuch_o as_o he_o see_v there_o be_v no_o danger_n in_o put_v the_o matter_n to_o trial_n he_o send_v all_o his_o horseman_n and_o the_o german_a footman_n swift_a and_o nimble_a fellow_n before_o to_o the_o camp_n of_o his_o enemy_n one_o of_o his_o legion_n he_o leave_v in_o his_o camp_n and_o the_o other_o ease_v of_o all_o carriage_n he_o take_v with_o he_o when_o he_o come_v near_o his_o enemy_n his_o scout_n that_o he_o have_v send_v before_o bring_v word_n that_o as_o the_o custom_n of_o the_o barbarous_a nation_n common_o be_v they_o have_v abandon_v the_o high_a ground_n &_o encamp_v themselves_o by_o the_o river_n side_n &_o that_o our_o horse_n and_o the_o german_n have_v fly_v upon_o they_o sudden_o ere_o they_o be_v aware_a and_o charge_v they_o upon_o the_o receipt_n of_o this_o news_n he_o haste_v forward_o with_o his_o legion_n well_o arm_v and_o well_o appoint_v and_o so_o the_o sign_n be_v give_v sudden_o on_o all_o side_n the_o high_a place_n be_v take_v by_o our_o man_n at_o the_o do_v whereof_o the_o german_n and_o our_o cavalry_n see_v the_o ensign_n of_o our_o legion_n fight_v very_o stout_o and_o by_o and_o by_o all_o our_o cohort_n charge_v upon_o they_o round_o so_o that_o in_o the_o conclusion_n they_o be_v all_o either_o slay_v or_o prisoner_n and_o a_o great_a booty_n take_v drape_n himself_o be_v also_o take_v in_o the_o same_o conflict_n caninius_n have_v do_v his_o work_n successful_o without_o almost_o any_o hurt_n at_o all_o to_o his_o soldier_n return_v to_o besiege_v the_o town_n and_o have_v now_o destroy_v his_o enemy_n without_o for_o fear_v of_o who_o he_o can_v not_o before_o divide_v his_o garrison_n nor_o environ_v the_o town_n with_o fortification_n he_o command_v the_o work_n to_o be_v carry_v on_o round_o about_o the_o town_n the_o next_o day_n come_v thither_o c._n fabius_n with_o his_o force_n and_o take_v another_o part_n of_o the_o town_n to_o besiege_v chap._n ix_o caesar_n have_v punish_v guturvatus_n for_o the_o revolt_n of_o the_o carnutes_n join_v with_o caninius_n and_o fabius_n before_o vxellodunum_n upon_o his_o deprive_v they_o of_o water_n the_o town_n yield_v caesar_n cut_v off_o their_o right_a hand_n in_o the_o mean_a time_n caesar_n leave_v m._n antonius_n the_o quaestor_n with_o fifteen_o cohort_n among_o the_o bellovaci_n to_o prevent_v any_o new_a confederacy_n among_o they_o for_o the_o future_a and_o he_o himself_o visit_v the_o other_o state_n charge_v they_o with_o mo_z hostage_n and_o with_o comfortable_a word_n raise_v the_o fearful_a heart_n of_o they_o all_o when_o he_o come_v among_o the_o carnutes_n in_o who_o country_n as_o caesar_n have_v declare_v in_o his_o former_a commentary_n the_o war_n first_o of_o all_o begin_v inasmuch_o as_o he_o perceive_v they_o to_o be_v chief_o afraid_a as_o be_v conscious_a to_o themselves_o of_o their_o fault_n to_o the_o intent_n he_o may_v the_o more_o speedy_o deliver_v the_o rest_n of_o the_o state_n from_o fear_n he_o demand_v guturvatus_n the_o ringleader_n of_o that_o mischief_n and_o raiser_n of_o the_o rebellion_n to_o be_v deliver_v unto_o he_o to_o be_v punish_v who_o albeit_o he_o trust_v not_o himself_o with_o his_o own_o countryman_n yet_o all_o man_n make_v so_o diligent_a search_n for_o he_o that_o he_o be_v soon_o find_v out_o and_o bring_v to_o the_o camp_n caesar_n contrary_a to_o his_o own_o nature_n be_v compel_v to_o punish_v he_o whether_o he_o will_v or_o no_o by_o the_o importunity_n of_o his_o soldier_n who_o impute_v all_o the_o danger_n and_o loss_n that_o they_o have_v sustain_v by_o this_o war_n unto_o guturvatus_n insomuch_o that_o his_o body_n after_o it_o be_v in_o a_o manner_n whip_v to_o death_n be_v behead_v while_o caesarâ—arried_v â—arried_z here_o he_o be_v advertise_v by_o several_a letter_n from_o caninius_n what_o be_v do_v to_o drape_n and_o luterius_fw-la and_o how_o the_o townsman_n persevere_v in_o their_o resolution_n the_o small_a number_n of_o who_o although_o he_o despise_v yet_o he_o deem_v their_o wilfulness_n worthy_a of_o severe_a punishment_n lest_o they_o may_v give_v occasion_n to_o all_o gallia_n to_o think_v that_o they_o want_v not_o strength_n but_o constancy_n and_o resolution_n to_o withstand_v the_o roman_n or_o leâ—â—_n by_o their_o example_n other_o city_n of_o gallia_n
by_o a_o set_a fight_n continue_v the_o space_n of_o six_o hour_n without_o any_o likelihood_n of_o contrariety_n or_o alteration_n which_o practice_n of_o frustrate_v a_o design_n intend_v by_o a_o indirect_a and_o contrary_a answer_n serve_v the_o roman_n oftentimes_o to_o great_a advantage_n as_o beside_o this_o present_a example_n in_o this_o commentary_n we_o shall_v afterward_o read_v how_o titurius_n sabinus_n defeat_v the_o unelli_n with_o the_o same_o stratagem_n and_o overthrow_v they_o by_o eruption_n and_o sally_v out_o when_o they_o expect_v nothing_o but_o a_o defensive_a resistance_n from_o the_o rampire_n from_o whence_o a_o commander_n may_v learn_v to_o avoid_v two_o contrary_a inconvenience_n according_a as_o the_o quality_n of_o the_o war_n shall_v offer_v occasion_n first_o if_o other_o thing_n be_v answerable_a which_o a_o judicious_a eye_n will_v easy_o discover_v that_o a_o sally_n make_v out_o at_o divers_a port_n of_o a_o hold_n will_v much_o mitigate_v the_o heat_n of_o a_o charge_n and_o control_v the_o fury_n of_o a_o enemy_n and_o on_o the_o other_o side_n he_o that_o besiege_v any_o place_n what_o advantage_n soever_o he_o have_v of_o the_o defendant_n may_v much_o better_o assure_v himself_o of_o good_a fortune_n if_o he_o appoint_v certain_a troop_n in_o readiness_n to_o receive_v the_o charge_n of_o any_o eruption_n that_o the_o rest_n that_o be_v busy_o employ_v in_o the_o assault_n may_v provide_v to_o answer_v it_o without_o disorder_n or_o confusion_n which_o order_n if_o the_o gall_n have_v take_v they_o have_v not_o in_o likelihood_n so_o often_o be_v deceive_v chap._n iii_o galba_n return_v into_o the_o province_n the_o vnelli_n give_v occasion_n of_o a_o new_a war_n after_o this_o battle_n caesar_n galba_n unwilling_a to_o try_v fortune_n any_o further_a and_o consider_v that_o he_o have_v meet_v with_o business_n which_o he_o never_o dream_v of_o when_o first_o he_o come_v thither_o to_o quarter_n especial_o find_v himself_o in_o want_n both_o of_o corn_n and_o forage_n have_v first_o burn_v the_o town_n the_o next_o day_n he_o return_v towards_o the_o province_n and_o without_o let_v or_o resistance_n bring_v the_o legion_n safe_a into_o the_o nantuates_n and_o from_o thence_o to_o the_o savoyard_n allobroges_n and_o there_o he_o winter_v after_o these_o thing_n be_v dispatch_v caesar_n suppose_v for_o many_o reason_n that_o all_o gallia_n be_v now_o in_o peace_n and_o that_o there_o be_v no_o further_a fear_n of_o any_o new_a war_n the_o belgae_n be_v overthrow_v the_o german_n thrust_v out_o and_o the_o seduni_n among_o the_o alps_o subdue_v and_o vanquish_v in_o the_o begin_n of_o the_o winter_n be_v go_v into_o illyricum_n have_v a_o great_a desire_n to_o see_v those_o nation_n but_o there_o grow_v a_o sudden_a tumult_n and_o dissension_n in_o gallia_n upon_o this_o occasion_n pub._n crassus_n winter_v with_o the_o seven_o legion_n in_o anjou_n near_o unto_o the_o ocean_n and_o find_v scarcity_n of_o corn_n in_o those_o part_n he_o send_v out_o the_o prefect_n of_o the_o horseman_n and_o tribune_n into_o the_o next_o city_n to_o demand_v corn_n and_o other_o provision_n for_o his_o legion_n of_o who_o titus_n terrasidius_n be_v send_v unto_o the_o perche_n unelli_n marcus_n trebius_n to_o the_o 〈◊〉_d curiosolitae_n q._n velanius_n and_o titus_n silius_n to_o the_o vannes_n veneti_n these_o veneti_n be_v of_o great_a authority_n among_o all_o the_o maritime_a nation_n in_o that_o coast_n by_o reason_n of_o their_o great_a store_n of_o ship_v with_o which_o they_o do_v traffic_v in_o brittany_n and_o exceed_v all_o their_o neighbour_n state_n in_o skill_n and_o experience_n of_o seafaring_a matter_n have_v command_n of_o as_o many_o port_n as_o lay_v to_o those_o sea_n and_o the_o most_o part_n of_o such_o as_o use_v those_o sea_n tributary_n to_o their_o state_n these_o veneti_n first_o adventure_v to_o retain_v silius_n and_o velanius_n hope_v thereby_o to_o recover_v their_o hostage_n which_o they_o have_v give_v to_o crassus_n the_o finitimate_a city_n induce_v by_o their_o authority_n and_o example_n as_o indeed_o the_o resolution_n of_o the_o gall_n be_v sudden_a and_o hasty_a for_o the_o same_o reason_n lay_v hold_v upon_o trebius_n and_o terrasidius_n and_o send_v speedy_a ambassage_n one_o unto_o another_o conjure_v by_o their_o prince_n and_o chief_a magistrate_n to_o do_v nothing_o but_o by_o common_a consent_n and_o to_o attend_v all_o the_o same_o event_n of_o fortune_n solicit_v also_o other_o city_n and_o state_n rather_o to_o maintain_v that_o liberty_n which_o they_o have_v receive_v of_o their_o ancestor_n then_o to_o endure_v the_o servile_a bondage_n of_o a_o stranger_n the_o first_o observation_n the_o circumstance_n in_o this_o history_n which_o note_v the_o sudden_a break_v out_o of_o war_n 〈…〉_z when_o the_o course_n of_o thing_n make_v promise_v of_o peace_n show_v first_o what_o small_a assurance_n our_o reason_n have_v of_o her_o discourse_n in_o calculate_v the_o nativity_n of_o after-chance_n which_o so_o seldom_o answer_v the_o judgement_n we_o give_v upon_o their_o beginning_n that_o when_o we_o speak_v of_o happiness_n we_o find_v nothing_o but_o misery_n and_o contrariwise_o it_o go_v often_o well_o with_o that_o part_n which_o our_o art_n have_v condemn_v to_o ill_a fortune_n and_o therefore_o i_o do_v not_o marvel_v if_o when_o almost_o all_o nation_n be_v at_o odds_o and_o in_o our_o best_a conceit_n threaten_v destruction_n one_o to_o another_o there_o happen_v a_o sudden_a motion_n of_o peace_n or_o if_o peace_n be_v in_o speech_n soothe_v the_o world_n with_o please_a tranquillity_n and_o through_o the_o uncertainty_n of_o our_o weak_a probability_n promise_v much_o rest_n after_o many_o trouble_n there_o follow_v great_a war_n in_o the_o end_n then_o the_o former_a time_n can_v true_o speak_v of_o which_o be_v well_o understand_v may_v humble_v the_o spirit_n of_o our_o haughty_a politician_n that_o think_v to_o comprehend_v the_o conclusion_n of_o future_a time_n under_o the_o premise_n of_o their_o weak_a project_n and_o predestinate_a succeed_a age_n according_a to_o the_o course_n of_o the_o present_a motion_n when_o a_o accident_n so_o little_o think_v of_o shall_v break_v the_o main_a stream_n of_o our_o judgement_n and_o falsify_v the_o oracle_n which_o our_o understanding_n have_v utter_v and_o it_o may_v learn_v they_o withal_o how_o much_o it_o import_v a_o wise_a commander_n to_o prevent_v a_o evil_a that_o may_v cross_v his_o design_n how_o unlikely_a soever_o it_o be_v to_o happen_v by_o handle_v it_o in_o such_o manner_n as_o though_o it_o be_v necessary_o to_o confront_v the_o same_o for_o then_o a_o thing_n be_v well_o do_v when_o it_o have_v in_o itself_o both_o the_o cause_n of_o his_o be_v and_o the_o direct_a mean_n to_o resist_v the_o repugnancy_n of_o a_o contrary_a nature_n and_o so_o hap_v what_o will_v it_o have_v great_a possibility_n to_o continue_v the_o same_o the_o second_o observation_n this_o practice_n of_o the_o veneti_n may_v instruct_v a_o circumspect_a prince_n in_o case_n of_o this_o nature_n to_o have_v a_o more_o watchful_a eye_n over_o that_o province_n or_o city_n which_o shall_v be_v find_v most_o potent_a and_o mighty_a among_o the_o rest_n then_o of_o any_o other_o inferior_a state_n of_o the_o same_o nature_n and_o condition_n for_o as_o example_n of_o itself_o be_v of_o great_a authority_n example_n make_v improbability_n seem_v full_a of_o reason_n especial_o when_o the_o intention_n shall_v sympathize_v with_o our_o will_n so_o when_o it_o shall_v happen_v to_o be_v strengthen_v with_o powerful_a mean_n and_o grace_v with_o the_o act_n of_o superior_a personage_n it_o must_v needs_o be_v very_o effectual_a to_o stir_v up_o man_n mind_n to_o approve_v that_o with_o a_o strong_a affection_n which_o their_o own_o single_a judgement_n do_v no_o way_n allow_v of_o and_o therefore_o equality_n bring_v this_o advantage_n to_o a_o prince_n which_o difference_n can_v afford_v that_o albeit_o example_n do_v set_v on_o foot_n any_o rebellious_a motion_n yet_o no_o supereminency_n shall_v authorise_v the_o same_o chap._n four_o caesar_n have_v advertisement_n of_o these_o new_a trouble_n haste_v into_o gallia_n and_o prepare_v for_o the_o war_n all_o the_o maritime_a state_n be_v by_o this_o mean_v draw_v into_o the_o same_o conspiracy_n caesar_n they_o send_v a_o embassage_n unto_o crassus_n in_o the_o name_n of_o they_o all_o that_o if_o he_o will_v have_v his_o man_n again_o he_o must_v deliver_v up_o the_o hostage_n which_o he_o have_v take_v from_o they_o whereof_o caesar_n be_v certify_v by_o crassus_n inasmuch_o as_o he_o be_v then_o a_o great_a way_n distant_a from_o his_o army_n he_o command_v galley_n and_o ship_n of_o war_n to_o be_v build_v upon_o the_o river_n ligâ—ris_fw-la loire_n which_o run_v into_o the_o ocean_n and_o that_o gallie-man_n mariner_n and_o ship-master_n shall_v be_v muster_v in_o
each_o other_o life_n in_o such_o sort_n as_o it_o be_v not_o to_o be_v judge_v which_o of_o they_o deserve_v great_a honour_n observation_n caesar_n insert_v this_o accident_n of_o the_o two_o centurion_n as_o worthy_a to_o be_v relate_v among_o the_o deed_n of_o arm_n contain_v in_o these_o commentary_n wherein_o we_o be_v first_o to_o observe_v the_o ground_n of_o this_o quarrel_n which_o be_v their_o continual_a strife_n for_o place_n of_o preferment_n which_o they_o seek_v after_o by_o show_v their_o valour_n in_o time_n of_o danger_n and_o approve_v their_o worth_n by_o the_o greatness_n of_o their_o desert_n a_o contention_n worthy_a the_o roman_a discipline_n &_o may_v serve_v for_o a_o pattern_n of_o true_a honour_n full_a of_o courage_n accomplish_v with_o virtue_n for_o these_o simultates_fw-la which_o desire_v of_o honour_n have_v cast_v between_o they_o bring_v forth_o emulation_n which_o be_v the_o spurr_n of_o virtue_n far_o from_o enmity_n or_o hateful_a contention_n for_o the_o difference_n between_o these_o two_o quality_n be_v that_o enmity_n hunt_v after_o destruction_n &_o only_o rejoice_v in_o that_o which_o bring_v to_o our_o adversary_n utter_v ruin_n dishonour_n or_o ill_a achievement_n but_o emulation_n contend_v only_o by_o well_o deserve_v to_o gain_v the_o advantage_n of_o another_o man_n fame_n that_o use_v the_o same_o â—eans_n to_o attain_v to_o the_o like_a end_n and_o be_v always_o mix_v with_o love_n in_o regard_n of_o the_o affinity_n of_o their_o affection_n and_o the_o sympathy_n of_o their_o desire_n not_o seek_v the_o overthrow_n of_o their_o competitour_n but_o succour_v he_o in_o time_n of_o danger_n and_o defend_v he_o from_o foul_a and_o unfortunate_a calamity_n that_o he_o may_v still_o continue_v to_o show_v the_o greatness_n of_o his_o worth_n by_o the_o opposition_n of_o inferior_a action_n which_o be_v as_o a_o lesser_a scantling_n of_o desert_n to_o measure_v the_o estimation_n of_o the_o other_o honour_n a_o virtue_n rare_a and_o unknown_a in_o these_o day_n and_o will_v hardly_o find_v subject_n to_o be_v resident_a in_o if_o she_o shall_v offer_v she_o help_v in_o the_o course_n of_o our_o affair_n or_o sue_v to_o be_v entertain_v by_o the_o crooked_a disposition_n of_o our_o time_n for_o we_o can_v no_o soon_o conceive_v the_o thought_n that_o breed_v emulation_n but_o it_o turn_v present_o to_o hatred_n which_o be_v follow_v to_o the_o uttermost_a of_o our_o malice_n and_o rest_v better_a satisfy_v with_o the_o miserable_a end_n of_o our_o oppose_a partner_n then_o with_o thousand_o of_o trophy_n deserve_o erect_v to_o our_o honour_n which_o make_v i_o wonder_v when_o i_o look_v into_o the_o difference_n of_o these_o and_o those_o age_n whether_o it_o be_v the_o discipline_n of_o that_o time_n which_o bring_v forth_o such_o honest_a effect_n of_o virtue_n to_o their_o glory_n and_o our_o ignominy_n have_v learn_v better_a rule_n than_o be_v know_v unto_o they_o or_o whether_o the_o world_n weaken_v with_o age_n want_v strength_n in_o these_o time_n to_o bring_v forth_o her_o creature_n in_o that_o perfection_n as_o it_o do_v in_o those_o day_n or_o what_o other_o cause_n have_v make_v our_o worst_a affection_n so_o violent_a and_o our_o better_a faculty_n so_o remiss_a and_o negligent_a that_o virtue_n have_v no_o part_n in_o we_o but_o word_n of_o praise_n our_o whole_a practice_n be_v consecrate_v to_o action_n of_o reproach_n the_o injury_n murder_n scandalous_a carriage_n of_o one_o towards_o another_o which_o in_o these_o day_n be_v so_o ready_o offer_v and_o so_o impatient_o digest_v will_v admit_v no_o satisfaction_n but_o private_a combat_n which_o in_o the_o first_o monarchy_n be_v grant_v only_o against_o stranger_n &_o foreign_a enemy_n as_o the_o only_a object_n of_o arm_n and_o wrath_n and_o capable_a of_o that_o justice_n which_o the_o private_a sword_n shall_v execute_v for_o they_o well_o perceive_v that_o these_o single_a battle_n be_v as_o sparkle_v of_o civil_a discord_n and_o intestine_a war_n although_o not_o so_o apparent_a in_o the_o general_a view_n of_o their_o state_n yet_o as_o odious_a in_o particular_a and_o as_o dishonourable_a to_o good_a government_n and_o if_o there_o be_v a_o true_a record_n of_o such_o as_o have_v be_v either_o slay_v or_o wound_v within_o these_o forty_o year_n either_o in_o this_o kingdom_n or_o in_o france_n or_o in_o germany_n by_o this_o licentious_a and_o brutish_a custom_n i_o make_v no_o question_n but_o they_o will_v amount_v to_o a_o number_n capable_a of_o that_o fearful_a stile_n which_o be_v attribute_v to_o civil_a war_n neither_o be_v there_o any_o law_n how_o rigorous_a or_o hard_a soever_o that_o can_v give_v relief_n to_o this_o disorder_n but_o the_o restraint_n will_v draw_v on_o as_o great_a enormity_n and_o as_o intolerable_a in_o a_o good_a government_n 〈◊〉_d king_n of_o the_o lumbards_n forâ—ade_n his_o subject_n this_o manner_n of_o combat_n but_o short_o after_o he_o be_v constrain_v to_o recall_v the_o edict_n for_o the_o avoid_n of_o great_a evil_n although_o he_o protest_v the_o thing_n to_o be_v both_o inhuman_a and_o barbarous_a the_o like_a edict_n be_v publish_v in_o france_n by_o philip_n the_o fair_a but_o be_v within_o two_o year_n revoke_v again_o at_o the_o instant_a request_n of_o his_o subject_n in_o regard_n of_o the_o murder_n and_o assasinat_n commit_v in_o that_o kingdom_n the_o only_a remedy_n that_o i_o find_v to_o take_v effect_n in_o this_o case_n be_v that_o of_o late_a time_n which_o the_o prince_n of_o melphe_n in_o piâ—moâ—t_n invent_v to_o prevent_v this_o evil_a for_o perceive_v how_o ordinary_a quarrel_n and_o bloodshed_n be_v in_o his_o camp_n he_o assign_v a_o place_n between_o two_o bridge_n for_o the_o performance_n of_o the_o duâ—ilum_fw-la with_o this_o charge_n that_o he_o that_o have_v the_o wâ—â—st_n shall_v always_o be_v slay_v &_o cast_v from_o the_o bridge_n into_o the_o water_n the_o danger_n join_v with_o dishonour_n which_o by_o this_o decree_n attend_v such_o as_o undertake_v private_a combat_n make_v the_o soldier_n wise_a in_o their_o carriage_n and_o put_v a_o end_n to_o their_o sedition_n and_o civil_a discord_n but_o that_o which_o be_v yet_o worst_a of_o all_o be_v that_o custom_n have_v now_o make_v it_o so_o familiar_a that_o every_o 〈◊〉_d seem_v sufficient_a to_o call_v the_o matter_n to_o a_o private_a combat_n a_o cross_a look_n call_v another_o man_n honour_n in_o question_n but_o the_o word_n lye_n be_v of_o as_o great_a consequence_n as_o any_o stab_n or_o villainy_n whatsoever_o whereat_o we_o may_v well_o wonder_v how_o it_o happen_v that_o we_o feel_v ourselves_o so_o much_o exasperate_v at_o the_o reproach_n of_o that_o vice_n which_o we_o so_o ordinary_o commit_v for_o in_o the_o custom_n of_o these_o time_n to_o cast_v upon_o we_o the_o lie_n be_v the_o great_a in_o jury_n that_o word_n can_v do_v unto_o we_o and_o yet_o there_o be_v nothing_o more_o frequent_a in_o our_o mouth_n it_o may_v be_v a_o property_n in_o our_o nature_n to_o stand_v chief_o in_o the_o defence_n of_o that_o corruption_n unto_o which_o we_o be_v most_o subject_a i_o speak_v not_o this_o to_o qualify_v the_o foulness_n of_o this_o vice_n for_o i_o hold_v a_o liar_n to_o be_v a_o monster_n in_o nature_n one_o that_o contemn_v god_n and_o fear_v man_n as_o a_o ancient_a father_n say_v but_o to_o show_v the_o crookedness_n of_o our_o disposition_n in_o disdain_v to_o acknowledge_v that_o fault_n which_o we_o so_o common_o commit_v but_o i_o will_v fain_o learn_v when_o honour_n first_o come_v to_o be_v measure_v with_o word_n for_o from_o the_o beginning_n it_o be_v not_o so_o caesar_n be_v often_o call_v to_o his_o face_n thief_n and_o drunkard_n without_o any_o further_a matter_n and_o the_o liberty_n of_o invective_n which_o great_a personage_n use_v one_o against_o another_o as_o it_o begin_v so_o it_o end_v with_o word_n and_o so_o i_o think_v our_o lie_n may_v too_o for_o i_o take_v he_o that_o return_v the_o lie_n and_o so_o let_v it_o rest_n until_o further_a proof_n to_o have_v as_o great_a advantage_n in_o the_o reputation_n of_o honour_n as_o the_o former_a that_o first_o give_v the_o disgrace_n chap._n xxi_o ciâ—â—ro_n find_v mean_n to_o advertise_v caesar_n of_o this_o accident_n who_o haste_v raise_v the_o siege_n and_o put_v the_o enemy_n to_o a_o great_a â—laughter_n as_o the_o siege_n grow_v daily_o hot_a aâ—d_o sharp_a caesar_n and_o special_o for_o that_o a_o great_a part_n of_o the_o soldier_n be_v lay_v up_o with_o wound_n and_o the_o matter_n bring_v into_o a_o few_o man_n hand_n that_o be_v able_a to_o make_v any_o defence_n so_o they_o send_v out_o letter_n and_o messenger_n the_o more_o often_o to_o caesar_n of_o who_o some_o be_v take_v and_o in_o the_o sight_n of_o our_o soldier_n torture_v to_o death_n there_o
be_v one_o within_o the_o place_n besiege_v of_o the_o nation_n of_o the_o nervii_n call_v vertico_n of_o honest_a parentage_n who_o in_o the_o begin_n of_o the_o siege_n have_v flee_v to_o cicero_n and_o carry_v himself_o faithful_o in_o that_o service_n this_o man_n do_v cicero_n choose_v persuade_v he_o with_o hope_n of_o liberty_n and_o other_o great_a reward_n to_o carry_v letter_n to_o caesar_n which_o he_o take_v and_o have_v tâ—ed_v they_o up_o in_o his_o dart_n travel_v as_o a_o gall_n among_o the_o gall_n without_o any_o suspicion_n and_o so_o come_v to_o caesar_n of_o who_o he_o understand_v how_o dangerous_o cicero_n and_o the_o legion_n be_v beset_v caesar_n have_v receive_v those_o letter_n about_o the_o eleven_o hour_n of_o the_o day_n dispatch_v present_o a_o messenger_n to_o m._n câ—assus_n the_o treasurer_n in_o the_o country_n of_o the_o bellovaci_n twenty_o five_o mile_n off_o command_v the_o legion_n to_o set_v out_o at_o midnight_n and_o speedy_o to_o come_v unto_o he_o crassus_n set_v out_o and_o come_v along_o with_o the_o messenger_n he_o send_v another_o post_n to_o câ—ius_n fabius_n the_o legate_n to_o bring_v that_o legion_n to_o the_o confine_n of_o the_o atrebates_n through_o which_o he_o be_v to_o pass_v and_o write_v in_o like_a manner_n to_o labienus_n that_o if_o it_o stand_v with_o the_o conveniency_n of_o the_o state_n he_o shall_v bring_v his_o legion_n to_o the_o territory_n of_o the_o nervii_n for_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o army_n that_o be_v further_o off_o he_o think_v good_a not_o to_o expect_v he_o draw_v four_o hundred_o horse_n or_o thereabouts_o from_o the_o near_a wintering-camp_n and_o be_v advertise_v about_o the_o three_o hour_n by_o the_o forerunner_n of_o crassus_n come_v he_o march_v that_o that_o day_n twenty_o mile_n he_o make_v crassus_n governor_n of_o samarobrina_n cambray_n &_o give_v he_o one_o legion_n for_o the_o defence_n thereof_o in_o regard_n that_o the_o baggage_n of_o the_o whole_a army_n the_o hostage_n of_o the_o province_n the_o public_a transaction_n and_o letter_n together_o with_o all_o the_o corn_n which_o he_o have_v get_v for_o the_o provision_n of_o the_o winter_n be_v leave_v in_o that_o place_n fabius_n according_a to_o his_o direction_n without_o any_o delay_n meet_v he_o with_o his_o legion_n labienus_n understanding_n of_o the_o death_n of_o sabinus_n and_o the_o slaughter_n of_o the_o cohort_n &_o know_v also_o that_o the_o whole_a force_n of_o the_o treviri_n be_v march_v towards_o he_o doubt_v that_o if_o his_o set_n forward_o out_o of_o his_o winter_n station_n shall_v seem_v as_o a_o steal_n away_o he_o shall_v not_o be_v able_a to_o undergo_v the_o charge_n of_o the_o enemy_n who_o a_o late_a victory_n have_v make_v insolent_a and_o therefore_o inform_v caesar_n by_o his_o letter_n what_o danger_n it_o will_v be_v to_o draw_v the_o legion_n from_o their_o wintering-camp_n relate_v what_o have_v happen_v among_o the_o eburones_n &_o how_o that_o all_o the_o force_n of_o the_o treviri_n both_o horse_n and_o foot_n lay_v but_o three_o mile_n distant_a from_o his_o camp_n caesar_n allow_v of_o these_o reason_n howsoever_o his_o hope_n of_o three_o legion_n be_v fall_v unto_o two_o yet_o his_o whole_a trust_n be_v in_o celerity_n as_o the_o only_a mean_n of_o all_o their_o safety_n and_o so_o by_o great_a journey_n come_v into_o the_o confine_n of_o the_o nervii_n where_o he_o understand_v by_o the_o captive_n how_o matter_n pass_v with_o cicero_n and_o what_o danger_n he_o be_v in_o at_o what_o time_n he_o persuade_v a_o certain_a horseman_n of_o the_o gall_n by_o great_a reward_n offer_v unto_o he_o to_o carry_v a_o letter_n unto_o cicero_n which_o he_o send_v write_v in_o greek_a character_n lest_o his_o purpose_n shall_v be_v discover_v if_o the_o letter_n have_v be_v intercept_v advise_v that_o if_o he_o can_v not_o come_v to_o his_o presence_n he_o shall_v tie_v it_o to_o the_o string_n of_o a_o dart_n and_o so_o cast_v it_o into_o the_o fortification_n he_o advertise_v they_o by_o his_o letter_n that_o he_o be_v on_o the_o way_n with_o the_o legion_n and_o will_v be_v there_o instant_o to_o raise_v the_o siege_n exhort_v he_o to_o persevere_v in_o his_o wont_a gallantry_n the_o gall_n fear_v some_o danger_n followed_z the_o directions_z and_o cast_v it_o into_o the_o work_n by_o a_o dart_n which_o fall_v by_o chance_n upon_o a_o turret_n and_o there_o stick_v two_o day_n before_o it_o be_v perceive_v the_o three_o day_n a_o soldier_n find_v it_o take_v it_o down_o and_o bring_v it_o to_o cicero_n who_o read_v it_o public_o in_o the_o assembly_n of_o the_o soldier_n and_o put_v they_o all_o into_o exceed_v great_a joy_n and_o at_o the_o same_o time_n the_o smoke_n of_o their_o fire_n begin_v a_o far_o off_o to_o be_v discover_v which_o put_v they_o out_o of_o all_o doubt_n of_o the_o approach_n of_o the_o legion_n the_o gall_n be_v advertise_v thereof_o by_o their_o discoverer_n leave_v the_o siege_n and_o make_v towards_o caesar_n with_o all_o their_o power_n which_o consist_v of_o 60000_o man_n or_o thereabouts_o cicero_n find_v himself_o at_o liberty_n seek_v out_o the_o same_o vertico_n before_o mention_v to_o carry_v letter_n to_o caesar_n advise_v he_o to_o be_v wary_a and_o diligent_a in_o his_o passage_n signify_v by_o those_o letter_n that_o the_o enemy_n have_v leave_v the_o siege_n &_o turn_v all_o his_o force_n towards_o he_o which_o letter_n be_v bring_v unto_o caesar_n about_o midnight_n he_o certify_v his_o party_n of_o the_o content_n thereof_o and_o prepare_v they_o by_o encouragement_n to_o fight_v the_o next_o day_n as_o soon_o as_o it_o begin_v to_o be_v light_a he_o remove_v his_o camp_n &_o have_v march_v about_o four_o mile_n he_o discover_v the_o multitude_n of_o the_o enemy_n beyond_o a_o great_a valley_n and_o a_o river_n it_o be_v a_o matter_n of_o exceed_a danger_n to_o give_v battle_n to_o so_o great_a a_o number_n in_o a_o place_n of_o disadvantage_n and_o forasmuch_o as_o he_o know_v that_o cicero_n be_v free_v of_o the_o siege_n he_o think_v he_o may_v the_o better_o forbear_v to_o make_v such_o haste_n and_o thereupon_o sit_v down_o and_o in_o as_o indifferent_a a_o place_n as_o he_o can_v choose_v fortify_v his_o camp_n which_o be_v of_o itself_o very_o little_a as_o not_o have_v scarce_o seven_o thousand_o man_n and_o those_o without_o any_o carriage_n yet_o he_o lessen_v it_o as_o much_o as_o he_o can_v by_o narrow_a the_o usual_a street_n there_o of_o to_o the_o end_n he_o may_v the_o better_o defend_v it_o if_o happy_o the_o enemy_n may_v be_v draw_v to_o engage_v himself_o serious_o in_o any_o attempt_n upon_o the_o same_o in_o the_o mean_a time_n have_v send_v out_o discoverer_n into_o all_o part_n he_o inform_v himself_o which_o way_n he_o may_v most_o convenient_o pass_v over_o the_o valley_n the_o same_o day_n after_o small_a encounter_n of_o the_o cavalry_n at_o the_o water_n either_o party_n contain_v themselves_o within_o their_o fortification_n the_o gall_n as_o expect_v great_a force_n which_o be_v not_o yet_o come_v and_o caesar_n that_o by_o a_o counterfeit_a fear_n he_o may_v draw_v the_o enemy_n to_o the_o place_n where_o he_o be_v lodge_v on_o this_o side_n the_o valley_n and_o so_o strike_v the_o battle_n before_o his_o camp_n and_o if_o he_o can_v not_o bring_v it_o so_o about_o then_o upon_o discovery_n of_o the_o way_n to_o pass_v the_o valley_n and_o the_o river_n with_o less_o danger_n as_o it_o begin_v to_o be_v daylight_n the_o cavalry_n of_o the_o enemy_n come_v near_o unto_o the_o camp_n and_o begin_v to_o skirmish_v with_o our_o horseman_n caesar_n of_o set_a purpose_n command_v the_o horseman_n to_o fall_v back_o and_o to_o betake_v themselves_o into_o the_o camp_n and_o withal_o to_o fortify_v their_o camp_n on_o all_o side_n with_o a_o high_a rampire_n to_o stop_v up_o the_o gate_n and_o in_o do_v of_o these_o thing_n to_o carry_v themselves_o tumultuous_o and_o with_o a_o feign_a show_n of_o great_a fear_n with_o which_o inducement_n the_o enemy_n be_v so_o draw_v on_o that_o he_o bring_v over_o all_o his_o force_n and_o imbattel_v they_o in_o a_o unequal_a and_o disadvantageous_a place_n our_o man_n be_v draw_v from_o the_o rampire_n to_o make_v the_o matter_n more_o apparent_a they_o be_v embolden_v to_o come_v near_o and_o to_o cast_v weapon_n from_o all_o part_n into_o our_o work_n send_v herald_n round_o about_o with_o proclamation_n that_o if_o any_o gall_n or_o roman_n will_v come_v over_o unto_o they_o before_o the_o three_o hour_n he_o shall_v be_v take_v into_o their_o safe_a protection_n but_o after_o that_o time_n there_o be_v no_o hope_n of_o any_o such_o reception_n and_o they_o do_v so_o contemn_v our_o party_n that_o whereas_o the_o port_n be_v shut_v