points and circumstances easily to be gathered and understood Deut. XI 26 30. and XXVII 12 26 This was done in the first year of their coming over Jordan Josh. VIII 32 35. when and where were read likewise all the words of the Law of Moses before all the Congregation of Israel With ships Ships besides the Ark of Noah chapter XXVIII verse 68 are first mentione in Jacobs blessing of Zebulun Gen. XLIX 13. and in Moses his threatning the Israelites in this place Not given Gods hand in giving and working of Grace chapter XXIX verse 4 See Ch. XXX 6. Jer. XXIV 7. and XXXI 33. and XXXII 39. Ezek. XI 19 20. and Ch. XXXVI 26 27. Heb. VIII 10 11. John VI. 44 45 65 Phil. I. 29. and II. 13. Ephes. II. 8. 2. Tim. II. 25. And he gives grace to the remnant which is according to the election of Grace Matth. XI 25. and XIII 11. Mark IV. 11 12 John XII 39. Rom. XI 7. Ephes. I. 5. 2 Chron. XXX 12. Mount This Mount Hor chapter XXXII verse 50 where Aaron died Num. XX. 25 26. was South of Judea And Mount Hor on the North-bounds of Judea Num. XXXIV 7. are far differing and distant mountains King in Jeshurum Moses King in Ieshurum chapter XXXIII verse 5 25. in Blessing the twelve Tribes doth omit Simeon if we accompt him not included in Iudah as his Lot in the division of Canaan fell within the Lot and Tribe of Iudah and their expeditions against their enemies in conquering their own shares were joynt and undertaken together Iosh. XVIII and XIX Iudg. I 3. Dwell between his shoulders That is verse 12 In Ierusalem For though the Southerne and Superior part of Ierusalem where Mount Sion was and which was called the City of David did belong to the Tribe of Iudah yet the Northerne and inferior part of it where Mount Moriah was whereon the Temple was built belonged to the Tribe of Benjamin The huge deep valley of Mello between the two Mountains being filled up and levelled by Solomon so that thence afterward Sion and Moriah might be called two tops of one Mountain Sion the higher top and Moriah the lower Died The time of Moses his death was in the fourtieth year chapter XXXIV verse 5 twelfth moneth seventh day of their coming out of Egypt and one hundred and twentieth year of his age See upon Aarons death Num. XXXIII 38. No man knoweth The reason of concealing the place of the Burial of Moses verse 6 And Michael the Archangel his contending with the Devil and disputing about the body of Moses Iude ver 9. was not revealed in the Scripture of the Old Testament And this dispute might be lest the Israelites knowing it might carry it with them as Iosephs bones into Canaan into which God had said That he should not enter or rather That the people might not idolize it Joshua THE Book of Joshua was not probably written by him though of and concerning him For besides some things contained in it which are deemed by some to be done after his death As that concerning Caleb and his daughter Achsah Ch. XV. 16 19. And most surely the Conquering of Leshem or Laish by the Danites Ch. XIX 47. Iudg. XVIII 7. 29. And those things recorded Ch. XXIV 29 33. Some other things seeme to plead That it was written by some Prophet Long after his death Whence that phrase remaines unto this day is so frequently used Ch. IV. 9. and Ch. VI. 25. and VII 26. and VIII 29 and IX 27. and X. 27. and XIII 13. and XIV 14. and XV. 63. And the Book of Iasher is named Ch. X. 13. which seemes written at soonest in Davids time as recording an Act of his 2 Sam. I. 18. unlesse we say This Book of Iasher in Ioshua's time to be continued on and enlarged in after-times by adding and inserting memorable acts in after-ages And so in Davids time And further the Mountains of Iudah and the Mountains of Israel are mentioned Iosh. XI 21. Which many possibly seeme to intimate the Book to be written after the division of the Nation into the two Kingdomes of Iudah and Israel Ioshua was the Tribe of Ephraim Num. XIII 8. 1 Chron. VII 27. And he lived one hundred ten years Ch. XXIV 29. and was six full years in conquering the Land and in the seventh fell to the Dividing of it by Lot as is gathered out of the age of Caleb Iosh. XIV 7 10. And divers years Ioshua lived and governed after that time but how many it doth not appear out of this Book yet is gathered out of other places to be ten years more and so this Book to containe an History of seventeen years from the Beginning of his Government to his Death The truth of this account stands upon this computation from the coming out of Egypt to the fourth of Solomon are four hundred and eighty years 1 King VI. 1. which are made up thus fourty years in the Wildernesse seventeen of Ioshua two hundred ninety nine of the Iudges counting in the twenty of Sampson as coincident and concurring with the first twenty years of Eli twenty years more of Eli twenty of Samuel fourty of Saul fourty of David four of Solomon In all 480. Within three dayes This Edict and Proclamation of three dayes chapter I verse 2 for preparation to passe over Iordan set down here doth begin and commence after the History of the two Spies and their returne to Ioshua which History yet is recorded after in the Chapter following And thereupon the mention of the said three dayes is taken up again the second time Ch. III. 2. when new directions are given for their Passage and the manner of it Rahab Rahab chapter II verse 1 an Harlot because at least she had been so though now a beleeving Convert ver 9 10 11. Heb. XI 31. Iames II. 25. She had her house on the wall of Iericho ver 15. which fell not when the rest of wall fell Ch. VI. 20 22. In framing her excuses for the Spies sake she bewrayes her infirmity in making equivocations or untruths rather ver 4 5. In transacting with the Spies some speeches seeme to passe between them after they were let down the wall ver 18. In pleading for her family she makes no mention of an Husband ver 13. and Ch. VI. 23. She was after married to Salmon eldest sonne of Nahshon which Nahshon was great-grand-childe to Hezron or Esrom that went down with Iacob into Egppt Gen. XLVI 12. And was Prince of Iudah at the numbring of the people Num. I. 7. at the marshalling of the Camps Num. II. 3. at the Dedication of the Altar Num. VII 12. and at the setting forward in their journeys Num. X. 14. But died in the Wildernesse Num. XIV 29. This marriage of Rahab to Salmon now Prince of Iudah is not recorded in the Old Testament But mentioned Matth. I. 5. in the Genealogy of our Saviour wherein as Rachab so Thamar Ruth
of birth or Circumcision V. 9. Mocking Laughing to scorne mocking him as their young Master and he that must forsooth be heire of all And likely his mother Hagar had some hand in it as being not free from an envious eye and repining at the jollity of this feast and therefore she is cast out too So ch 19. 14. Ezech. 23. 32. Nehem. 2. 19. 4. 1. This mocking here was in some malignant bitter way which so highly incensed Sarahs wrath St. Paul calls it a persecution Gal. 4. 29. So C ham his mothers Progenitor derided his own father ch 9. 22. V. 10. She said By the Spirit of God and God confirmes it v. 12. And Paul saith not that Sarah but the Scripture speaks it Gal. 4. 30. Her saying was not only passionate but prophetical this bondwoman and her sonne Gal. 4. 22 23 24 25 30 31. not be heire Under this inheritance Heaven was figured Gal. 3. 18 29. V. 12. And God said By night v. 14. God approves Sarahs minde and Will it was not then only her passion that ruled her the lad Ishmael was now about seventeen or eighteen years old chap. 17. 24. 25. 21. 5. in Isaac shall thy seed be called And not from Ishmael The promised seed and spiritual prerogatives shall be entailed upon him Rom. 9. 7 8. V. 14. Bottle of water Scant in those dry deserts and the childe See Annot. on v. 12 wandered Lost her way in those deserts towards Egypt of Beersheba So first called v. 31. V. 15. Cast the childe Being sick and fainting for thirst V. 16 The death Such extremity they were come unto in the wildernesse V. 17. And God heard In accomplishment of his Promises ch 16. 10 12. 17. 20. where he is Though he be cast out of his fathers house and here in such misery V. 18. And â—old him in thy hand Not lay him on thy back V. 19. Opened her eyes Withheld before from seeing it by grief or some other reason or as it was with the two disciples going to Emmaus Luke 34. 16 31. and Elishaes servant and the Aramites 2 Kings 6. 17 18 20. V. 20. Dwelt in the wildernesse Ch. 16. 12. archer And so a Warriour shooting with the bowe being used in war ch 48. 22. 49. 23 24. Psal 44. 6. Josh. 24. 12. 2 Sam. 1. 22. 1 Kings 22. 34. V. 21. Paran Nigh to Sinai through which the Israelites went Numb 10. 12. A part of thâ—t wildernesse is called Kedar from one of Ishmaels sons of that name ch 25. 13. Ps. 83. 6. his mother The mothers right in marrying her childe she chose an Egyptian as her self was one V. 22. At that time While Abraham dwelt at Gerar ch 20. 1. and after Isaacs weaning that Abimelech Ch. 20. 2. V. 23. If thou shalt lie unto me Gen. 14. 23. An imperfect speech implying an imprecation if he should deal deceitfully with him For an oath calls God both as a witnesse of the truth and an avenger of the untruth This imprecation is sometimes expressed as Ruth 1. 17. 2 Cor. 1. 23. V. 24. I will swear Heâ— 6. 16. Abrahams right to the land of Canaan was but for the future after foure generations ch 15. 13 16. V. 25. A Well of water Of great use in that dry Southerne part of Canaan And therefore such strife about them v. 30. ch 26. 15 18 19 20 21 22 2â— 32. V. 27. And Abraham took sheep Likely gifts were in use at the making of Covenants Or he did it in requital of Abimelechs gifts ch 20. 14. V. 30. That they may be a witnesse To prevent future controversie about this Well v. 25. so an heap of stones is made a witnesse ch 31. 46 48. V. 31. Beersheba The Well of the oath or of seven with relation to the seven lambes It was afterward in the Southerne part of the lot of the tribe of Judah toward the coast of Edom Josh. 15. 21 28. 1 Xings 19. 3. Nehem. 11. 25 27. yet seemes to be allowed to the tribe of Simeon which was within the inheritance of the tribe of Judah Josh. 19. 1. 2. 1. ch 4. 24 28. It is oft opposed to Dan as to the Northerne part of Canaan There is a Well Wildernesse and City of this name all joyning together As Abraham dwelt here and made this Covenant and digged this Well so after Isaac dwells there makes a Covenant and digs again the Well and renewes the name chap. 26. 23 33. And Jacob dwelling there with his father went thence to Laban in Haran and going into Egypt with all his family comes thither there sacrificeth and hath a vision And yet at last in the dayes of King Uzziah or sooner it became a seat of some solemn idolatry Amos 8. 14. 5. 5. V. 32. a Covenant Such Covenants lawful with Heathens and Idolaters so ch 31. 44. V. 33. Grove Of Oakes as intending long to dwell here Abraham dwelt under the shadow of trees in the Plaine of Mamre ch 18. 4 8. Here it seems he intends it for a religious use for the place of prayer and exercise of Gods Worship as not being a thing yet forbidden But after in Moses time when God had chosen a place of Worship God strictly forbids this not to planâ— a grove of any trees near the Altar of the Lord and commands such groves to be cut down and threatens grievously such offenders yet hardly were Gods people kept from this sin and idolatry but they planted groves placed their idols served them even as the Canaanites and other Heathens did Deut. 12. 2. Thus it was in the times of the Judges ch 3. 7. In the times of the Kings of Israel throughout 2 Kings 17. 16. specially in the reignes of Joroboam 1 Kings 14. 15 and of Ahab whose Queen Jezabel had foure hundred Prophets of the groves that did eare meat at her table yea and in the reignes of some Kings of Judah specially of Ahaz and Manassâ—h But the godly Kings of Judah cut them down pluck't them up or burnt them as Jehoshaphat Hezekiah and Josiah And Asa put down his Grandmother Maachah from being Queen because she had made an idol in a grove V. 34. Many dayes Till Isaac was offered ch 22. 19. And how long after we know not CHAP. XXII Verse 1. AFter these things How long a time it is not certain But that Isaac was then able to bear the wood of the burnt-offering v 6. I know not why any can fix it upon the thirty third yeare of Isaacs age God did tempt Abraham Not by seeking to seduce him to evil so God tempts no man Jam. 1. 13. But so our own lusts and Satan do Jam. 1. 14. 1 Cor. 7. 5. who is therefore called the Tempter Mat. 4. 3. 1 Thes. 3. 5. God doth it to try by experiment what is in man what faith in Gods Promises what obedience to his Will as men sometimes use to make experiments of the faithfulnesse of their friends Not yet
and 29 9. Exod. 2. 16. V. 17. Ran to meet her v. 13. but had removed a little aloof off to give way â—o Rebekah and to mark her V. 22. Took a golden ear-ring To give her as taking or receiving Psal. 68. 19. is expounded giving Eph. 4. 8. He puts the ear-ring upon her face v. 47. after he had asked whose daughter she was Shekel See Annotat. on ch 20. 16. and on ch 23. 15. Half a shekel is called Bekah Ex. 38. 26. V. 26. Worshipped v. 52. ch 22. 5. Exod. 4. 31. This is more then kneeling or bowing of the head This is a prostrating of the whole body a falling down upon the face to the ground Psal. 95. 6. Luke 5. 12. compared with Mat. 8. 2. V. 27. Brethren Kinsfolk v. 48. ch 13. 8. V. 28. Mothers house It seems the custome of those times and places was for the women to dwell in tents and houses apar by themselves v. 67. ch 31. 33. V. 32. And he ungirded i. e. Laban and water to wash Ch. 18. 4. 1 Tim. 5. 10. In those hot countreys men used to go barefoot or with sandals open above V. 33. I will not eate Eph. 6. 5 6 7 8. V. 47. Upon her face Some were worne in the eare some on the forehead which hanged down to the nose Ezech. 16. 12. Esay 3. 21. V. 48. Daughter Grandchilde V. 49. Kindly and truly Mercy and truth joyned ch 47. 29. Josh. 2. 14. Prov. 3. 3. Psal. 85. 10. V. 50. Then Laban and Bethuel The sonne set before the father as having the chief managing of all by reason of his fathers age v. 55. bad or good Nothing at all against it chap. 31. 24 29. V. 51. At the Lord hath spoken As we plainly see by the whole carriage of this businesse v. 15. 2 Sam. 16. 10. V. 57. At her mouth About this motion for her sudden departure V. 59. Her nurse Deborah ch 35. 8. Great is the tendernesse of the affections of nursing fathers and nursing mothers Numb 11. 12 13. 1 Thes. 2. 7. Esay 49 22. 2 Sam. 4. 4. V. 61. And followed the man Psal. 45. 10. V. 62. Lahai-roi Ch 16. 14. 12. 9. 25. 11. in the wildernesse of Beersheba ch 21. 14 33 34. â—e dwelt Not apart from his father but with him That Well was not far from Beersheba where Abraham dwelt ch 21. 14 33 34. V. 63. To meditate Or pray or both so the word signifieth Psal. 77 3 6. 12. 119. 15. V. 65. A Veile A signe of modesty and subjection 1 Cor. 11. 5 6 10. The custome was to bring the spouse veiled to her husband The face was covered sometimes for grief and mourning as in Davids mourning for Absalom Sometimes by others in token of wrath and judgement as when Hamans face was covered Sometimes in way of feare and reverence as Elias covered his face 1 Kings 19. 13. V. 67. Sarahs Tent Women it seems had their tents apart ch 31. 33. And Sarahs Tent and furniture it seems was reserved for Isaacs wife and took Rebekah By solemnity of marriage in the fourtieth yeare of his life ch 25. 20. loved her Eph. 5. 25 28. after his mothers death Three yeares before ch 17. 17. 23. 1. Dear and durable was his affection toward his mother CHAP. XXV Ver. 1. THen again Whether in Sarahs life-time cannot certainly be determined The sacred story mentions nothing of Keturab or her children till now after Sarahs death And the words here seem to give it to be after her death And Sarah in her life-time not enduring Hagar and Ishmael would hardly have endured another And Isaac when offered is called his only son And yet on the other side Keturab is called a Concubine implicitely v. 6. and expresly 1 Chron. 1. 32 And though a Coucubine be called a wife yet I finde not that a legitimate wife as she should be after Sarahs death or a second wife is called a Concubine And the words of Abrahams servant seeking a wife for Isaac ch 24. 36. compared with v. 5 6. of this chapter seem to reflect on Keturahs sonnes in Sarahs life-time And which is most of all if Abraham did not take her to wife till after Sarahs death then he must be one hundred thirty eight and likely one hundred and fourty yeares old when he married her and after that begat six sonnes of her whereas the Apostle saith that fourty yeares before that time his body was dead for begetting of children Rom. 4. 19. Gen. 17. 17. 18. 12. If then it were after Sarahs death it must be said that God did renew unto him that masculine strength and vigour of body after fourty yeares by an extraordinary blessing in a marvellous if not miraculous manner and that to make good his Promise of multiplying Abrahams seed ch 17. 5. in others also though principally in Isaac V. 2. Medan Ch. 37. 36. Midian Numb 25. 6 17. Shuah Job 2. 11. V. 3. Sheba Job 1. 15. V. 4. Midian Numb 31. 18. Judg 7. 25. 8. 5. children of Keturah And Grandchildren V. 5. To Isaac As being his only heire and childe of Promise ch 21. 12. a figure of Christ and Christians ch 24. 36. V. 6. Concubines Hagar and Keturah and sent them away from Isaac Because he was to be the heire of Canaaâ— Eastward Arabia Syria Job 1. 3. Job likely came of Keturah Judg. 6. 3. 7. 12. V 7. One hundred seventy five yeares Ch. 15. 15. Heber of whom he was called an Hebrew ch 14. 13. out-living him And Jacob and Esau were then fifteen yeares old v. 26. ch 21. 5. V. 8. Gathered unto his people V. 17. which implies the immortality of the soule and so the phrase of gathering to their fathers Judg. 2. 10. Heb. 12. 23. V. 9. Isaac and Ishmael Ishmael though never received again into Abrahams family yet dwelt not so far off but might heare of his fathers death and come to his burial V. 11. Blessed Isaac Entailed the blessing and Promises made to Abraham on him ch 17. 19. Lahai-roi See ch 24. 62. V. 12. Generations of Ishmael ch 16. 10 12. 17. 20. much exceeded Isaacs 1 Cor. 15. 46. Nebaioth He and his brethren seated in Arabia Esay 21. 13. 60 7. Ezech 27. 21. Jer. 49. 28. V. 15. Tema Job 2. 11. V. 16. Twelve Princes Ch. 17. 20. Like the twelve sonnes of Jacob. V. 18. Havilah Ch. 2. 8. an ample region in Arabia not that Havilah in India Shur Ch. 16. 7 Ex. 15. 22. died in the presence His brethren surviving him ch 16. 12. V. 20. The Syrian So Luke 4. 27. Aramite is translated Syrian by our Saviour Padan-Aram Called Aram-Naharaim ch 24. 10. sometime Padam only ch 48. 7. This is Mesopotamia of Syria distinguished from Aram-Zobah Ps. 60 tit V. 21. Intrcated Often no doubr barren Twenty yeares v. 20 26. many good women in Scripture barren a long time V. 22. Strugled A misery to her and a mystery in her v. 23. if
others Adam chapter V verse 3 Adam lived to the 243 year of Methuselah Seth Seth was borne in the 130 th year of Adams age And so likely soone after the murder of Abel by Cain In which space of near 130 years so many might be borne as might justly occasion that speech of guilty Cain Every one that findeth me shall slay me Enoch Enoch lived so many years before his Translation verse 23 as we have dayes in our year viz. 365. And his Prophecie mentioned Jude v. 14 15. is not intimated in the Old Testament Methuselah Methuselah lived to the 98 year of Shem. verse 27 Methuselah Methuselah the longest liver verse 27 died in the beginning of the year of the Flood as appears by the Chronology of the times and years of those ten Patriarchs Ch. V. and VII 6. Noah Of Noah's sonnes verse 32 Japhet was the eldest Shem the second and C ham the youngest Gen. VII 1. and IX 24. and X. 21. and XI 10. Shem Shem was two years younger then Japhet verse 32 Ch. V. 32. and VII I. and Ch. XI 10. and lived to the fiftieth year of Isaac And so Shem is the onely person in Scripture that lived to see his posterity of the tenth generation And seemes to be Melchizedech Gen. XIV 18. Heb. VII I. c. These 120 years verse 3 c. VI. 3. begin 20 years before Noah had any children Cubits Of Cubits chapter VI verse 15 which measure the Ark see my Annotations on Ezek. XL. 5. Flood These 150 dayes c. chapter VII verse 24 VII 24. from the begnning of the Flood on the second moneth 17 day c. VII 11. to the Resting of the Ark on the seventh moneth 17 day XIII 4. do shew those moneth to consist of 30 dayes apiece And the number of the moneths cannot be doubted of Here is mention made of the 1 2 7 10. Which shews the year to differ little from ours now Noah Noah lived 950 years chapter IX verse 29 c. IX 29. being born in the 1056 year of the World and dying in the year 2006. two years before Abraham was born He so lived to see his children or posterity of the ninth generation Iles Iles are taken chapter X verse 6 not onely for Ilands properly compassed about with Sea or water but for Countreys also lying on the Sea-coasts as Jer. XXV 22. Ezek. XXXVII 3 15. Esay XX. 6. And sometimes for Ilands likewise being remote and transmarine parts as Esay XLII 1 5. and XLII 4 10. and XLIX 1. and LI. 5. and LX. 9. Babel See my observations on Dan. verse 10 IV. 30. Sidon Sidon in Hebrew Tsidon verse 19 called the great City Josh. XI 8. and Ch. XIX 28. Ancienter by much then Tyre See my Annotations on Zech. IX 2. Arphaxad Mans life halfed chapter XI verse 13 or thereabouts at the time of the flood XI 11. c. compared with Ch. V. And again shortened about another half at the building of the Tower of Babel X. 25. and XI 19. And well-nigh the third time between the times of Abraham and Moses XXV 7. Psal. XC 10. Abram Abram borne verse 26 not in the 70 but in the 130. year of Terah Gen. XI 32. and XII 4. Acts VII 4. Ur Ch. XI 31 32. verse 31 and Acts VII 2 3 4. shew Ur to be in Mesopotamia and Abram to be called there And after Terahs death at Haran then he had a new Call Gen. XII 1. And else the Hebrew Perasha upon Terahs death Ch. XI 32. had been unfit Egypt Egypt chapter XII verse 10 In Hebrew Mitzrajim or Misraim So called from the sonne of Ham of that name Gen. X. 6. whence also it is called the Land of Ham Psal. CV 27. and CVI. 22. It is called also Rahab Esay LI. 9. from her pride and power Esay XXX 7. Ezek. XXX 6. It is the ancientest Kingdom that we read of except it be the Kingdome of Assyria by Cush the other sonne of Ham Gen. X. 8. 12. The Kings of Egypt mentioned in Scripture are Pharaoh which after seemes to be a common name to their Kings as Ptolomie whence Bartholomew that is Bar-Ptolomie the son of Ptolomie was to them in the times of the Macedonian or Greekish divided Empire or many Pharaohs as in the dayes of Abraham Gen. XII 15. Of Jacob and Joseph Gen. XXXVII 36. and Ch. XLI 1. and XLVI 5. L. 4. Of Moses Exod. I. 11. and Ch. XVIII 10. Heb. XI 24. Of Solomon 1 King III. 1. Shishak is the name of the King of Egypt in Solomons time and in Rehoboams time 1 King XI 40. and Ch. XIV 25. 2. Chron. XII 2 9. So a Kings name of Egypt in Hoshea's time 2 King XVII 4. Pharaoh in Ezekiah's time 2 King XVIII 21. Pharaoh Necho deemed to be the sonne of Psammetichus in Josias his time and in Jehojakims time 2 King XXIII 29. and Ch. XXIV 7. Jer. XLVI 2. Pharaoh and Pharaoh-Hophra in Zedekiahs and in the Prophet Ezekiels time Jer. XXXVII 5 7 11. and XLIV 30 Ezek. XXIX 2 3. and Ch. XXX 21. and Ch. XXXI 2. and Ch. XXXII 2 31. Sarai Sarai fair verse 11 and the more accounted so going among the Egyptians XII 11 12. And she the onely woman whose whole age is recorded in Scripture XXIII 1. That Prophetical promise chapter XV verse 13 Gen. XV. 13. makes not the Israelites to be 400 years in Egypt But rather is thus rightly understood That Abrahams Seed that is Isaac and Jacob should be strangers in a Land that was not theirs that is in Canaan 190 years from the birth of Isaac to Jacobs going down into Egypt XXV 26. and XLVII 9. And Jacobs posterity were strangers in Egypt from his going down thither till their bringing forth by Moses 210 years not 400 years there Moses himself being the sonne of Jochebed the daughter of Levi Num. XXVI 59. and grandchilde of Kohath And Levi and Koath went down into Egypt with Jacob XLVI 11. And Machir the sonne of Manasseh And Jair the grandchilde of Hezrom living in Moses his time Num. XXXII 40 41. And Achan the third from Zarah living in Joshuahs time Josh. VII 1. 18. 1 Chron. II. 6 7. And thus 190 and 210 make up those 400 years in this Prophetical promise mentioned And the Samaritan Bible or Text here and the LXX in Exod. XII 40. do thus declare this point though their insertion and addition there be of their own minde and meaning and no part of the sacred Text. Name Names changed chapter XVII verse 5 as Abrams and Sarai's here so Jacobs Josephs Naomies Pashurs and others See the Annotations on Esay LXII 4. and on Jer. XXIII 6. and XXXIII 16. Abram Abram signifies an high or lofty Father Abraham a Father of a great multitude He is called The Friend of God 2 Chron. XX. 7. Esay XLI 8. Jam. II. 23. Sarai Sarai signifies my Lady verse 15 or my Princesse Sarah a Lady or Princesse without restriction The Title being
of the children of Machir had their inheritance in Gilead Josh. XIII 31. which is here blamed ver 17. yet the other half of Machirs children had their inheritance within Canaan West of Jordan Josh. XVII 1 2. who are here commended Barak Not of Issachar verse 15 but of Naphtali dwelling in Kedesh of Naphtali Ch. IV. 6. Divisions of Reuben Divided among themselves touching this warre or divided from the other Tribes and deserting them in it Megiddo Megiddo an eminent City which Manasseh had in Issachar verse 19 Josh. XVII 11. not farre from Jezreel and the river Kishon Joshua slew the King of it Josh. XII 21. And Josiah was slaine or had his deaths wound in the valley of it 2 King XXIII 29 30. 2 Chron. XXXV 34. Taanach Taanach a royal City near Megiddo Josh. XII 21. Took no gaine Took none of Jabin nor got any gaine by this fight with Israel The Staâ—s The Stars in their stations verse 20 by extraordinary influences at Gods appointment raising stormy Meteors did help to ruine them As it was in Ioshua's time Iosh. X. and in Samuels time 1 Sam. VII Or frighting them with dreadful noises as in Iehorams time 2 King VII 6. Rest fourty years from that eightieth year mentioned verse 31 Ch. III. 30. See the Annotations on Ch. III. 11. and the Observations on the beginning of this Book Midian See the Annotations on Hab. chapter VI verse 1. 11. 14. III. 7. Angel Christ the Angel of the Covenant ver 14 15 16 22 23. Thy might Which I now give thee with my promise to assist thee as ver 16. My Present Not Sacrifice verse 18 or meat-offering but for thy food and repast As Abraham entertained the Angels Gen. XVIII and Manoab Iudg. XIII 15. Fire Here fire comes out of a rock verse 2. 25. as water did Exod. XVII 7. Of seven years old The same age that the tyranny and oppression of the Midianites had arrived to And build an Altar Gideon had Gods warrant and command for all verse 26 for his building the Altar and for his sacrificing upon it And this is that Altar mentioned ver 24. That he may die Their idolatrous zeale verse 30. 32. Ierubbaal Gideon so called by his father not in way of reproach but of honour rather In 2 Sam. XI 21. he is called Ierubbosheth And so Eshbaal and Meribbaal the sonne and grandchilde of Saul 1 Chron. VIII 33 34. are called Ishbosheth and Mephibosheth 2 Sam. II. 8. and IV. 4. Iezreel As here in Iezreel the Midianites pitched verse 33 so did both the Philistines and Israelites in Sauls time 1 Sam. XXIX 1 11. And hence came the newes of Sauls death 2 Sam. IV. 4. who was slaine in Mount Gilboa on the North-side of Iezreel This Iezreel was not that in the Tribe of Iudah Iosh. XV. 56. But in Manasseh towards Issachar about twelve miles Northward from Samaria Ahab from Carmel rode hither and Elijah did run before his Chariot 1 King XVIII 45 46. Here Ahab gets Naboths Vineyard and came from Samaria in the Tribe of Ephraim hither to take possession 1 King XXI 18. having his habitations and Palaces in both Cities And besides Gods judgement upon Ahab himself ver 19. both Ioram and Iezebel the sonne and wife of Ahab were slaine here by Iehu and also all that belonged to Ahab in Iezreel And the heads of Ahabs seventy sons were brought from Samaria to Iezreel 2 King IX and X Chapters Messengers The Tribes here named were the next to Gideon verse 35 and to Iabin Fleece of wooll Herein is Gods great condescension to Gideon verse 37 working a miracle forward and backward as it were yea many miracles for the strengthening of his faith in his vocation and in Gods promise From Mount Gilead Or towards Mount Gilead chapter VII verse 3 Haply to be there in a readinesse against the enemies flight that way The people The three hundred lappers verse 8 took the trumpets of them that were dismissed Fled The places named here were in that half Manasseh where the overthrow was given verse 22 And Abelmeholah was the habitation of the Prophet Elizaeus in after-ages 1 King XIX 19. Succoth And so of Penuel chapter VIII verse 5 ver 8. See Gen. XXXIII 17. and XXXII 30. They and Karker were in the tribe of Gad. Ishmaelites Midianites and Ishmaelites seeme confounded together verse 24 as being intermingled one with another So Gen. XXXVII 25 27 28. Golden ear-rings The weight and multitude of them verse 26 And chaines about their Camels necks Of ear-rings see Exod. XXXII 2. and XXXV 22. Ephod See the Observations on 1 Sam. verse 27 XXIII 9. and on Hos. III. 4. Ophrah In the East border of this Westerne half Manasseh near Jordan Baalim Baalim in the Plural number verse 33 signifying Lords seemes to be a very common name to their He-gods and Idols among the Moabitts Ammonites Canaanites Philistines Sidonians Phenicians and other neighbouring Nations and the idolatrous Israelites themselves as Ashtaroth of the plural number and feminine gender seemes to be so to their She-goddesses Iudg. II. 13. and X. 6. And there are sundry specifications of Baal As Berith and Baal-Berith here and Ch. IX 4 46. the God of the Shechemites Peor and Baal-Peor the idol-god of the Moabites and Midianites Num. XXV 3 17 18. Baal-Zebub called also Beelzebub or Beelzebul the god of Ekron 2 King I. 2. And from Baal were names imposed both upon persons and places as we read of Ethbaal the King of Sidon Iezebels father 1 King XVI 31. of Esh-baal 1 Chron. VIII 32. of Baal-hanan Gen. XXXVI 38. of Jerubbaal Judg. VI. 32. of Merib-baal the other name of Mephibosheth 1 Chron. VIII 34. As also of Baal-Zephon Exod. XIV 2. and Baal-Meon Josh. XVII 17. And from other particular Idols specially among the Babylonians were like denominations takeâ— Whether Bel be a contraction or in a diverse dialect the same with Baal is not so certaine God himself also was called Baal But refused after to be so stiled because the name had been so commonly given to Idols Hos. II. 16. Of Bel see the Annotations on Esay XLVI 1. Ashteroth or Ashtoreth or Ashtaroth is more specificaly the goddesse of the Sidonians 1 King XI 5 33. 2 King XXIII 13. and of the Philistines 1 Sam. XXXI 10. Take also these other names of Idol-gods in Scripture Chemosh of the Moabites and Ammonites Iudg. XI 24. 1 King XI 5 7 33. 2 King XXIII 13. Dagon of the Philistines Iudg. XVI 23. 1 Sam. V. 2 7. 1 Chron. X. 10. Moloch or Molech or Milchom of the Ammonites 1 King XI 5 7 33. 2 King XXIII 13. Bel and Nebo and Belteshazzar and Merodach and Succoth-Benoth of the Babylonians Esay XLVI 1. Dan. IV. 8. 2 King XVII 30. Ier. L. 2. Nishrosh of the Assyrians and Sennacherib 2 King XIX 37. Rimmon of the Syrians 2 King V. 18. 2 King XVII 30 31. Nergal of the men of Cuth Ashimah
Iehoshaphat 2 Chron XVII 6. and XX. 33 1 King XXII 43 The meaning is They took away those High places which were for Idols and strange gods not those which were for Gods worship or they laboured in the Reformation of these later also but through the peoples waywardnesse could not therein fully prevaile In the Reformation of Manasseh upon his Repentance it is said That neverthelesse the people did sacrifice still in the High places yet unto the Lord their God only 2 Chron XXXIII 17 But zealous Hezekiah and Iosiah went through-stitch with all Gibeon The Tabernacle was never at any one of the Cities of the Levites verse 4 except here at Gibeon only Askeâ— Gods proffer to Solomon verse 5 in that night after he had offered up those numerous Sacrifices at Gibeon 2 Chron. I. 7. And his large Petition thereupon for Wisdome 1 King III. 6 7 8 9. And Gods ample Grant thereunto and further Largesse partly added partly upon Condition promised ver 11 12 13 14. were transacted all whiles Solomon was asleep as appears by ver 5. and 15. Though in this same History 2 Chron. I. 7 12. of Sleep or Dreame there is no mention made at all a little childe In that sleep Solomon calls himself a little childe verse 7 And a little before that David testifies the like of him 1 Chron. XXII 5. and chap. XXI 1. with an eye had to his grear charge at that age not unlike to that Jer. I. 6. Yet then David calls him a Wise-man 1 King II. 9. even before that wonderful increase of wisdome added to him after Davids death And then Solomon being indeed about seventeen years old had Rehoboam his son as appears by the age of Rehoboam at the beginning of his reigne 1 King XIV 21. 2 Chron. XII 13. Harlots The King knew not likely verse 16 that the women were Harlots haply open Inne-keepers and close Harlots sonne of Nathan chapter IV verse 5 The Prophet Nathans two sons highly honoured and advanced by Solomon Spake Solomon chosen by God to be King verse 32 1 Chron. XXVIII 5. and XXIX 1. and chap. XXII 9 10 spake three thousand Proverbs And he spake of all Trees 1 King IV. 32 33. Not that the Text saith he writ them or of them And his Songs were one thousand and five Hiram Hiram chapter V verse 1 or Huram King of Tyre and Sidon too ver 6. having Lebanon in his possession Both father and son of that name 2 Chron II. 3 13. And again Hiram the workman father and sonne at the same time of the said Kings both it seemes of the same name likewise 1 King VII 13 14. 2 Chron. II. 14. and IV. 11. and both wrought to Solomon 2 Chron. IV. 16. The sonnes mother was of Dan 2 Chron. II. 14. His father of Naphtali though inhabiting in Tyre 1 King VII 14. The House of the Lord This House chapter IV verse 1 called the Temple ver 3. the Throne of Gods glory Jer. XIV 21. a Glorious high throne Jer. XVII 12. our Holy and Beautiful House where our fathers praised thee Esay XLVI 11. the Beauty of Holinesse 1 Chron XVI 29. was built in Jerusalem on Mount Moriah or Sion on the Threshing-floore of Araunah or Ornan the Jebusite 2 Chron. III. 1. 1 Chron. XXII 1. Very wonderful riches acquired and laid up and other preparations made by David and others towards the building of the Temple 2 Sam. VIII 11 12. 1 Chron. XXII 14. and ch XXIX And the Patterne or Platforme of it given to David by the Spirit 1 Chron. XXVIII 21. he set down in writing particularly and gave it to his sonne 1 Chron. XXVIII 11 18. This was such like an help as Moses had Exod. XXV 40. The Preparations for the second Temple were very small Huge stones and costly and precious stones used in Solomons Buildings 1 King VII 9 12. and chap. X. 2 10 11. 1 Chron. XXIX 2 8. 2 Chron. III. 6. The Brazen Altar for Sacrifice was in the Court next the Temple in the open aire The Lavers likewise in that Court between the Brazen Altar and the Temple fixt and placed before the Temple in the inmost Court viz. five Bases and Lavers upon them on the right hand and five on the left as one was to go from the East into the Temple To wash in them such things as they Offered for the Burnt-offerings and Sacrifices The great molten Sea standing on twelve Oxen or Brazen Buls which were by and beside not under the Bases and Lavers as the word is rendered Jer. LII 20. This Sea was placed on the right hand or North-side over against the South For the Priests to wash in 2 Chron. IV. 6 10. In most other places in Scripture the Right hand is taken for the South and the Left hand for the North as supposing a mans posture with his face towards the East Going on from the East towards the West and passing by the Altar Lavers and Sea Entrance was so made into the Porch of the Temple This Porch being the entrance and East-end of the Temple was in length twenty Cubits from North to South In breadth ten Cubits from East to West and in height as high as the Temple and thrice as high above it one hundred and twenty Cubits in all 1 King VI. 3. 2 Chron. III 4. In the middle betweene the walls not joyning to the walls stood on each side of the entrance or Porch the two Pillars of Jachin on the right hand and Boaz on the left eighteen sacred Cubits apiece high 1 King VII 15. or thirty five common Cubits besides the Basis or Pedestal of one Cubit 2 Chron. III. 15. Although some would have this thirty five to be the number arising from the height of both Pillars or the shafts of them And a Chapiter on the top of each five sacred Cubits high 1 King VII 16. 2 Chron. III. 15. to a part whereof are assigned three Cubits 2 King XXV 17. And they being four fingers thick of brasse and hollow within Jer. LII 21. a line of twelve sacred Cubits did compasse either of the Pillars about 1 King VII 15. Some divide the Pillars into five parts or rather into six thus a square Table on the bottome a Rundle or round Basis upon that the shaft and maine body of the Pillars round and above that a square Border upon which the Pomegranates were a Head or Chapiter or Belly and a Crowne or Powel both round All the three parts above the Shaft are called by the name of Chapiter and are said to be five Cubits high 1 King VII 16. Jer. LII 22. And the four Cubits 1 King VII 19. is to be understood of some parts of them And the thâ—ee Cubits 2 King XXV 17. of the other or the four Cubits relate to the Lilie-work and the three Cubits to the Net-work The whole Chapiters had Nets of Checker-work and wreaths of Chain-work seven on either 1 King VII 17.
XVIII 9 10. or Enemessar Tobit l. 2 15. Sennacharib who came against Hezekiah 2 King XVIII 13. Esarhaddon or Asnapper Esay XXXVII 38. 2 King XIX 37. Ezra IV. 2 10. called also Sarchedonus Tobit I. 22. And another King of Assyria against whom Pharaoh-Necho King of Egypt fights at Carchemish by Euphrates in the last year of King Josiah 2 King XXIII 29. 2 Chron. XXXV But many leave out Iareb as no proper name of a King and make Sargon to be the same with Senna harib And some place Iareb before Pul and Sargon after Shalmanesar And no doubt there were many Kings of Assyria it being the first Monarchy before Pul though their names be not in Scripture Though the Assyrians take the name from Ashur the sonne of Shem Gen. X. 22. 1 Chron. I. 17. yet the Kingdome seemes to be raised among them by the posterity of Cush the sonne of Cham Gen. X. 6 11. a Singer Heman chapter VI verse 33 of Kohath stood in the middest Asaph of Gershom on the right hand Ethan of Merari on the left ver 38 39 44 47. See more of the Singers 1 Chron. XV. ver 16 22. All their Cities The Kohathites had twenty three Cities verse 60 63. The Gershonites thirteen The Merarites twelve In all fourty eight Cities reckoned Issachar a numerous Tribe chapter VII Ephraim The line from Ephraim to Ioshuah verse 5 is Num. verse 20 I. 10. and chap. XXVI 35 1 Chron. VII 20 26 27. Shephuphan verse 5 and Huram chapter VIII verse 33 Either of these had three names Ner Ner had Kish the father of Saul and another sonne Ner the father of Abner 1 Sam. XIV 50 51. genealogies This Chapter chapter IX verse 1 and chap. III. 19 24. are some parcels of the last passages for History of the Old Testament See more on Neh. XII 10 11. David and Samuel David and Samuel the Seer though he died in the time of Sauls reigne ordained and ordered the Priests verse 22 and Levites Singers and Porters in their set Offices and Courses See ver 10 14 22 and Chapters XXIII XXIV XXV XXVI as the Lord God of Israel had commanded him 1 Chron. XXIV 19. by the Spirit and by God and Nathan 1 Chron. XXVIII 12 19. 2 Chron. XXIX 25. and VIII 14. and XXXV 4 15. And Solomon did according to him 2 Chron. XXXV 4. Neh. XII 45. day and night verse 33 verse 9 The Singers imployed in that work day and night tydings unto their Idols Idolaters ascribe their Victories chapter X and prosperous successes to their Idols so Iudg. XVI 23 24. 1 King XX. 23. 2 Chron. XXVIII 23. Hab. I. 11. They bring their Idols to their Camps 1 Chron. XIV 12. As the Israelits the Ark 1 Sam. IV. 3. castle of Zion David took the Castle chapter XI verse 5 or strong hold of Zion dwelt in it built round about it called it the Citie of David And Ioab repaired the rest of the Citie 2 Sam. V. 9. came to David There came to David to Ziklag a great hoast chapter XII verse 1 like the hoast of God And to Hebron to make him King over all Israel 340822. And among them very many Priests and Levites ver 26 27 28. besides others intimated ver 32. Jehoiada verse 27 the Leader of the 3700. Aaronites that came to David to Hebron to make him King over all Israel 1 Chron. XII 27. Jehoiada a chief Priest 2 Chron. XXIV 6. married Iehoshabeath or Iehosheba the daughter of King Iehoram and sister of King Ahaziah 2 King XI 2 3. 2 Chron. XXII 11. He caused usurping and murthering Athaliah the daughter of Ahab and Iezebel and wife of King Iehoram and mother of King Ahaziah 2 Chron. XXI 6. and XXII 1 2. to be murtheredher self 2 King XI 16. And caused Ioash grand-childe of Athaliah and his wives nephew and sonne and heir of Ahaziah to be crowned King when he was seven years old 2 King XI 11 12 21. 2 Chron XXIII 11. Of whom see more on 2 King XI 4. Iehoiada the sonne of Benaiah Davids Counseller next to Ahitophel 1 Chron. XXVII 34. bring again the Ark David so soone as ever he was setled upon his throne over all Israel chapter XIII verse 3 taketh the strong Fort of Zion from the Jebusites brings the Ark of God with all solemnity yet not after the due maner from Kiriath-jearim and the house of Abinadab And upon the death of Uzza by the way at the threshing floore of Nachon or Chidon he carries it aside into the house of Obed-Edom where it remained three moneths 1 Chron. XIII Hiram sends to David messingers workmen and materials to build him an house in Zion And David takes more wives at Jerusalem and obtaines two victories against the Philistines chap. XIV And with great solemnity in the due maner he brings the Ark from Obed-Edoms house and sets it in the middest of the Tabernacle or Tent which he had prepared for it in the Citie of David in Zion chap. XV. where he offers Sacrifices Orders a Quire gives them a Psalme of Thanksgiving and appoints Ministers Porters Priests and Musicians to attend on the Ark continualy ch XVI In 2 Sam. V. David takes the strong Fort of Zion builds dwels in it hath messingers sent to him from Hiram King of Tyre with materials workmen for his building growes great takes moe wives and concubines at Jerusalem gets two victories over the Philistines in two set battels chap. V. And he brings up the Ark from Kiriath-Jearim and carries it aside into the house of Obed-Edom and after three moneths he brings it thence into the Citie of David with great solemnity and joy 2 Sam. VI Now whether the things contained in 1 Chr. XIV and 2 Sam. V. after the taking of Zion did intervene in that three moneths space while the Ark was in the house of Obed-Edom or were acted before the Ark was removed from Kiriath-Jearim is a matter of conjectural probabilities on either side yet I rather incline to the later opinion from Shihor of Egypt This Shihor chapter XIII verse 5 or Shichor or Sihor hath a notion of blacknesse in it And is not that rill or drill of water called by forraine writers Rhinocolura but is much rather the same with Nilus otherwise not once named in Scripture anciently by the Ethiopians called Siris by the Greeks Melas by the Latines Melo from the blacknesse of the water or rather of the mud and slime that it brings downe with it or the black colour of the grounds and soils it passeth through It is called by way of excellencie the River Esay XXIII 3. Ezek. XXIX 3 9. and the river or flood of Egypt Amos VIII 8. and chap. IX 5. This River rising in the South from unknown heads runs in one intire streame Northward to the Head Delta in Egypt where it divideth it self into two maine Channels and afterwards brancheth into seven several streames Esay XI 15. Emptying themselves
Ophir 1 Kings IX 28. Uphaz Jer. X. 9. This is the chiefest gold Dan X. 5. Job XXVIII 15. Psal. CXIX 72. See the Observations on Esay XIII 12. great reward Which reward yet is of grace verse 11 not of merit Rom. VIII 3. through Gods free grace and bounty not the merit of our works The Apostle doth thus distinguish of merit Rom. IV. 4 5. and XI 6. There is no merit properly if the work be not properly out own and not otherwise due debt and justly equal to the reward They are justly due out of his true and free promise who can Where then is that possibility verse 12 and facility of fulfilling the Law even unto works of Supererogation whereof Papists do so much brag dominion over me There are sinnes reigning and not reigning but rebelling verse 13 Rom. VI. 12 22. and VII 15 20. The Lord hear thee This Psalme chapter XXI verse 1 and the next are composed by David for a publike forme of a Prayer in the one of a Thanksgiving in the other to be used by the people for himself the King They seeme to stretch this Psalme too farre and that without ground who make it to be a Prophesie of Christs Sufferings and his deliverances out of them for which the Church with him triumpheth As also the next Psalme to gratulate the victory and Salvation of Christ. Save Lord verse 9 let the King hear us Most here understand God or the Messias Some David The LXX not observing or keeping the Hebrew distinction Athnach render it thus Lord save the King and hear us when we call upon thee for ever and ever Psal. chapter XXI verse 4 LXXXIX 29 36 37. and LXI 6 7. David lived but seventy years yet in his royal posterity for many ages and in Christ the Sonne of David Matth. XXII 42. for ever and ever eternaly Rom. VI. 9. Apoc. I. 18. Heb. VII 25. See the Observations on Deut. XV. 17. Thine hand King Davids hand chapter XXII verse 8 In some Psalmes there are passages that properly and literaly belong to David and to Christ only as David was a Type of him But in this Psalme are some Passages as ver 16 17 18. besides many other which are applied to Christ in the New Testament as ver 1 7 8 22 27. which literaly and properly belong to Christ and are appliable to him only or to him more then to David Then here is no place left for that question of the Eunuch Acts VIII 34. The allegations out of this Psalme Matth. XXVII 46 35 43. Heb. II. 12. and the body of the Psalme it self do shew that little of it can be applied to David as a Type most of it is proper and peculiar to Christ alone as I formerly said 1 Pet. I. 11 12. my God Jesus on the Crosse little before his death verse 1 about the ninth hour cryed out these words with a loud voice Matth. XXVII 46. Heb. V. 7. upon the weight of Gods wrath under the burden of our sinnes The Deity by a special providence and dispensation withdrawing and suspending its influence from the Humanity for this time God withdrawing all sense of his favour from him Not that the hypostatical union of both natures was then or ever severed or dissolved But yet he suffered chiefly in his soul all the paines pangs and agonies of a justly angry and punishing God even more then can either be expressed or imagined even so farre above the measure of ordinary sufferings as himself was above ordinary men without any influence or joy or comfort streaming from the Vision of God upon his mind and wil for that time So that he suffered as in body so in soul in his whole man as in his sensual part so in his intellectual also in his whole soul and body and in all the parts powers and faculties of them And the greatest sufferings as was said that could be sustained in this life Lam. I. 12. yet without any derogation to the integrity purity innocencie dignity of the person of Christ our Surety and Saviour These words then are not a complaint out of impatience ignorance disobedience or diffidence They are the words of sense not of infidelity See ver 24. Luke XXIII 46. He strongly calls him his God even in that instant of these suffering so expressing his firme faith in him But they are a Protestation of the bitternesse of his Passion so stricken smitten of God and afflicted and so farre prevailing on him in whom the spirit of fortitude had his residence forsaken me This sense of dereliction and carencie of Divine favour for the time as it was the Fathers pleasure to have it so so the Sonnes office called him unto it and he did not contract it by any fault of his but did voluntarily undertake it for our sinnes and the expiation of them as he did the death it self So that in this then there could not be any defect or defanlt of faith and hope requisite in him And likewise that Prayer and Speech Matth. XXVI 39. bewrayes the sense of the flesh but joyned with the obedience of the Spirit in him A double Will in him against Monothelites but joyned both in one holy obedience and subjection All which shew the nature of sinne the infinite wrath of God against it the infinite Love of the Father and the Sonne towards the children of men and the verity of Christs Humane Nature both in body and soul. roaring Like that of Lions Psal. XXXII 3. and XXXVIII 8. Matth. XXVI 38. Marke XIV 33. Luke XXII 44. so that he had need of an Angel for his Comforter Yet he so wrestles and prevailes that no signe of halting was left remaining after no signe or voice of despair as some are shamelesly wronged to charge upon him All the agonies of Christs soul ceased with his death but thou hearest not We read that God ever heard him verse 2 ver 24. John XI 42. Heb. V. 7. But here this Prayer was only conditional a signification of a natural desire not an absolute and plenary Prayer inhabit the praises of Israel Whose praise thou art verse 3 Deut. X. 21. And they praise thee in thy House and Sanctuary Thou art still praised by them for thy benefits to them and acknowledged their holy one Our fathers And shall I be so forsaken verse 4 not heard nor holpen nor delivered Thus he aggravates his complaint rouzeth up his faith bowes and moves God to mercie Cried Crying or clamor verse 5 and Prayer are oft conjoyned Psal III. 4. and XVIII 7. Jer. VII 16. Jonas III. 8. Micah III. 4. a worme So vile and contemptible in the eyes of men verse 6 Esay LIII 2 3. as Job XXV 6. Esay XLI 14. Not only made lower then the Angels Psal. VIII 5. Heb. II. 7. but disesteemed more then Barrabas or the two theives All they that see me This verse verse 7 and the next we see fulfilled in the History of Christs Passion
another Rom. XI 34. No good in them verse 12 but c. To enjoy things present and to do good here and so have good hereafter Psal. CXXVIII 2. 1 Tim. VI. 18 19. it shall be for ever His doing and counsel shall stand verse 14 Esay XLVI 10 11. Jer. 44. 28. And is perfect and holy unalterable by man Job XXXVIII 31 c. We should therefore with willingnesse and contentment submit to him and his doings acquiesce in him and dread and adore him though our blear eyes cannot see the bright Sun-shine of his actions His decrees must not drive us to despair or to a neglect of using the means but from deifying our selves and our own wisdome in the use of meanes still depending upon his blessing And moreover Having formerly shewed the vanitie and vexation of Knowledge verse 16 and of Pleasures and of humane Labours in many regards together with the Remedies of them He now proceeds to shew more vanities and vexations and yet to vindicate Gods Providence in them the place of judgement That should be a Sanctuarie and Citie of Refuge for wronged Innocencie That wickednesse and oppression should be and reigne there was a great vexation and a great tentation too against Gods righteous Providence I said That God shall judge and right all verse 17 at least and last in that great Assizes to be held by his Sonne at the last day Acts XVII 31. Some he judgeth here lest his Providence but not all lest his patience and promise of judgement might be called into question Therefore this vanitie and vexation ought not to dismay the innocent or hearten the oppressors seeing God will amend all that God might manifest them Men in place and power verse 18 though they carry themselves as beasts to their brethren yet will hardly know themselves their own fraile and base condition and that as to outward respects they are but as the beasts that perish Psal. XLIX 20. God must manifest it to them And this should humble them and staine their pride This shewes and should cure this vanitie Prov. XXX 2. For that which befalleth Psal. verse 19 XLIX 10. chap. II. 15 16. hunger thirst diseases c. all turne to dust againe Expire alike verse 20 and the body turnes to dust alike Gen. III. 19. Job XXXIV 15. This still in relation to the body only Who knoweth the spirit of man No man can by sense discerne the ascent of the one verse 21 or the descent of the other But he can who hath the minde of Christ who hath seen the insides of Nature and Grace Who is spiritual 1 Cor. II. 14 15 16. See chap. XII 7. of this book And Solomons scope throughout this Book is to shew the vanitie of earthly things and of humane actions in order unto things under the Sunne as to satisfie the heart of man in the acquiring of true felicitie Of his immortal or heavenly condition he speaks not purposely But as he makes Pietie the Only Remedy against all these earthly vanities and vexations and so concludes his Book in the two last verses We need not here then to make these passages to be speeches taken up in the Person of the â—picure or Atheist Wherefore I perceive He resumes his Assertion verse 22 verse 13. and ch II. XXIV and V. 18. after him What shall become of his goods how used and disposed and by whom all the oppressions More vanities and vexations in the Civil State no Comforter Doubled here This addes to their miserie This was Jobs case chap. VI. 14 15. and chap. XVI 2. and chap. XIX 21. he crieth and calleth for this pitie and commiseration It was Davids case Psal. LXIX 20. And Jerusalems Lam. I. 2 9 16. God cals for it towards Jerusalem Esay XL. 1 2. And himself doth it Esay LI. 3 12. See Nahum III. 7. praised the dead He preferreth the ease and quietnesse of death before the miseries of such a dying life See Job chap. III. throughout Jonah IV. 3. 1 Kings XIX 4. He speaks here according to the judgment of men under oppression without relation to the wickednesse of men whose state after death is in those terrours and torments that shall either mend or end and they be never able to abide or avoid Matth. XXVI 24. not yet been Job III. verse 3 10. and chap. X. 18 19. envied For his eminent worth and works verse 4 his ingenious Acts and Parts As the Courtiers of Persia did Daniel See Prov. XXVII 4. foldeth his hands The foolish sluggard so described verse 5 Prov. VI. 6. See the Explanations there And chap. XXVI 15. and chap. XIX 24. eateth his own flesh Prov. X. 4. maketh many an hungry meale Better is an handful The sluggards plea. verse 6 Sinners will have their shifts saw vanitie Another vanitie contrary to the former Fools whiles they shun the sands do rush upon the rocks yet no end of all his labour This matchlesse miser verse 8 and fellow that hardly hath a fellow is never satisfied as Prov. XXX 15. toiles without end Esay V. 8. Hab. II. 5. and to no end trusts he can draw up Jordan into his mouth Job XL. 23. and yet knows he hath none to whom he may leave his goods so toiled for This is worse then that of Psal. XXXIX 6. neither is his eye satisfied with riches Indeed the eye only hath the use of riches with such covetous men Two are better then one In a natural verse 9 and in a Moral sense Jer. XLI 13 14. 2 Sam. X. 11. And spiritualy next to Communion with God is the Communion of Saints Psal. XVI 2. Heb. X. 24. he cometh to reigne The poor and wise child verse 14 I considered Another vanitie and vexation if this be not an exemplification of the old foolish King dethroned and the poor wise child standing up in his stead all the living All the present generation of men living under a present Prince or Government the multitude many-headed given to change falling off from the falling Sun and adoring the rising Sunne with the second child The Successor sonne or who ever he be joyning to him and following him as thinking they must live by the living and not by the dead and so expecting protection and preservation by and under him Such is the vanitie and vexation of Princes that if they live long they outlive their own glorie and are looked upon by their own subjects as faling sinking bending to the grave And such is the vanitie and levitie of people that they are weary of present government and even sick for a change prove the change what it will 1 Sam. VIII 5 18 19 20. and XII 12. 2 Sam. XV. 12 13. and chap. XX. 2. 1 Kings II. 15. Prov. XXIV 21. no end of all the people Infinitely discontented verse 16 and restlesse in their desires of change never contented with their present state The people put no end or stop to this vanitie to this their epidemical
of me of my Word of truth without mixture of hay or stubble 1 Cor. III. 12. Make haste See chap. II. verse 14 9 17. They then waited for the consolation of Israel Here is the Churches last speech and prayer like that Apoc XXII 17 20. She loves and longs and looks for his second Advent 2 Pet. III. 12. As the espoused Virgin doth after the day of marriage like to a Roe In nimblenesse and swiftnesse Come with all speed quickly cut off of delaies Yet his coming seemes long to us because we are short we set the Sun by our Dyal upon the mountaine of spices Where Christ is and whence the Church expects him and whither she longs to be brought by him Those high and heavenly those sweet and precious pleasures Ps. XVI 11. are the issue and upshot of all and the end of this spiritual heavenly Song THe Great and Small Prophets according to the Times wherein they lived and prophesied may seeme to stand in this ranck and Order viz. Jonah Esay Hosea Joel Amos Micah Nahum Habakkuk Zephanie Ieremy Daniel Ezekiel Obadiah Haggai Zechariah Malachi In the LXX the Lesser Prophets are placed before the Greater Esay ESAY Prophesies of the Destruction of the Kingdomes of Syria and Samaria shortly to be accomplished by the Assyrian And of the Kingdome of Iudah afterwards by the Babylonian And of the Neighbouring Kingdomes round about by them both And of the Ruine of the Assyrian Empire by the Babylonian And of the Babylonian by the Mede and Persian Intermixing sharp accusations of sins severe threatnings of judgments and comfortable Promises chiefly to the Jewes and Israelites And extending his Evangelical Prophecies and Promises to Christ and his glorious spiritual Kingdome And the Vocation of the Gentiles to the Communion of it And all in a stately stile and lofty language The time of his Prophesying must needs be 46. years from the first of Iotham to the 14th of Hezekiah Besides the Times that the Prophesied in the dayes of Vzziah and after the 14th of Hezekiah which for the number of years are uncertaine Yet it is recorded that he writ the Acts of Uzziah first and last 2 Chron. XXVI 22. though that Book seeme not extant now as not so necessary for the use of the Church As neither that of Iasher 2 Sam. I. 18. Nor that of Ieremy 2 Chron. XXXV 25. The Times in Esay may seem to be thus distinguished viz. In the dayes of King Uzziah Chapter I. 5. whos 's reigne is mentioned chap. I. 1. and his Death chap. VI. 1. Wherein some things most Prophetickly be spoken and understood both of sinnes and Punishments which otherwise are fitting rather to the times of Ahaz In the dayes of Iotham chap. VI. In the dayes of Ahaz Chap. VII XIV ver 28. whose reigne is mentioned chap. VII 1. And his Death chap. XIV 28. And the rest may seeme most if not all to be in the dayes of Hezekiah wherein there is a special notation of time in chap. XX. mentioning the year that Tartan 2 Kings XVIII 17. came to Ashâ—od or Azotus and took it when Sargon next Predecessor to Sennacharib or Sennacharib himself King of Assria sent him which seems to be about the eighth or ninth year of Hezek And in the XXXVI XXXVII chap. mentioning the 14th year of Hezekiah and the Histories contained in it And in chap. XXXVIII XXXIX containing Histories that fell out in the later end of that fourteenth year of Hezekiah without any other or further Notation of Times to the end of all the Book In this Prophecie are chiefly contained manifold Evangelical Promises and Prophecies of Christ of his Person and Offices his Gospel and Kingdome more Particularly of his Incarnation and Birth His Breeding Calling Teachings Sufferings Life Death Rising again Glory ensuing Kingdomes Length and Extent That Esay is well called an Evangelical Prophet or Prophetical Evangelist Concluding with the destruction of Babylon and the Deliverance of Gods People thence the glorious restauration of the Church and Numerous Vocation of the Gentiles And by reason of the Premises it is That this Book is so often cited in the New Testament As in the Table ensuing may appear Esay Alledged or Alluded to in 1. 9. Rom. 9. 29 6. 9 10 Mat. 13. v 14 15 Â Joh. 12. 39 40 41 Â Act. 28. 25 26 27 7. 14 Mat. 1. 22 23 8. 14 Rom. 9. 33 15 1 Pet. 2. 8 Â Mat. 21. 44 17 Luke 20. 18 18 Heb. 2. 13 14 9. 2 Mat. 4. 14 15 16 7 Luke 1. 32 33 10. 22 23 Rom. 9. 27 28 11 1 Mat. 2. 23 10 Rom. 15. 12 13. 10 Mat. 24. 29. 21. 9 Apoc. 14. 8 22. 13 1 Cor. 15. 32. 22 Apoc. 3. 7 25. 8 1 Cor. 15. 54. 28. 11 Apoc. 11. 7 17 Â 1 Cor. 14. 21 16 1 Pet. 2. 6 7 8 Â Rom. 9. 33 29. 10 Rom. 11. 8 13 Mat. 15. 7 8 9 Â Mar. 7. 6 14 1 Cor. 1. 19 33. 18 1. Cor. 1. 19 20 34. 4 Apoc. 6. 13 14 35. 5 6 in many places 40. 3 Matth. 3. 3 Â Mark 1. 3 Â John 1. 23 3 4 5 Luke 3. 4 5 6 6 7 8 1 Pet. 1. 24 25 13 Rom. 11. 34 Â 1 Cor. 2. 16 41. 4 Ap. 1. 17 22. 13 8 James 2. 23 42. 1 2 3 4 Mat. 12. 17 18 Â 19 20 6 Acts 13. 47 43. 19 2 Cor. 5. 17 44. 3 John 7. 38 39 45. 9 Rom. 9. 20 23 Rom. 4. 11 Â Phil. 2. 10 11 47. 8 Apoc. 18. 7 49. 6 Luke 2. 32 Â Acts 13. 47 8 2 Cor. 6. 2. 10 Apoc. 7. 16 50. 6 Luk. 22. 64 Â John 18. 22 8 Rom. 8. 30 34 52. 5 Rom. 2. 24 7 Rom. 10. 15 10 Luke 3. 6 11 2 Cor. 6. 17 15 Rom. 15. 21. 53. 1 John 12. 38 Â Rom. 10. 16 3 Mark 9. 12 4 Matth 8. 17 5 1 Cor. 15. 3 53. 5 6 1 Pet. 2. 24 25 7 8 Mark 15. 3 c. Â Acts 8. 32 9 1 Pet 2. 22 12 Mark 15. 28 Â Lu. 22 37 23 34 54. 1 Gal. 4. 27 13 John 6. 45 55. 1 John 7. 37 3 Acts 13. 34 Â Psal. 89. 35 56. 7 Matth. 21. 13 Â Mark 11. 17 Â Luk 19. 46 59. 7 Rom. 3 15 17 Eph. 6. 17 Â 1 Thes. 5. 8 20 Rom. 11. 26 60 3 Apoc. 21. 24. 11 Apoc. 21. 25 19 Ap. 21. 23. 22. 5 61 1 2 Lnk 4. 17 21 62. 11 Matth. 21. 5 63 2 3 Apoc. 19. 13 15 64 4 1 Cor. 2. 9. 11 65. 1 2 Rom 10. 20 21 17 2 Pet. 3. 13. 66 1 Acts 7. 48 49 21 1 Pet. 2. 5 9 Â Apoc 1. 6. 24 Mark 9. 44 Chap. VII ver 16. hath reference to Shear-jashub Chap. VIII ver 18. hath reference to Shear-jashub and Mahershalah-hash-baz Chap. XXXVIII ver 5. Ezekiah's tears among other causes might chiefly be because at that time he had no sonne Manasseh being borne
as a bud or sprout from the root of Jesse Esay XI 1 10. And so from David Apoc. V. 5. and XXII 16. Psal. CXXXII 11 17. Acts XIII 23 32. called the Righteous Branch in this Text and chap. XXXIII 15. springing from a withered stock and stump sprouting at first in a mean and despicable maner Esay XXXIII 2 3 4. Yet after branching out beautifully retaining its verdure perpetualy spreading and growing flowering and flourishing to all eternity Dan. II 44 45. A man See the Annotations on Esay II. chapter XXX verse 6 9. uncles sonne Sonne omitted in the Original chapter XXXII verse 12 haply for brevity fake as well knowne to be supplied out of verse 7. preceding As likewise the word Sister seemes to be omitted 2 Sam. XXI 8. And the word Brother Verse 19. of that Chapter Funeral Burnings chapter XXXIV among the Heathen were of the dead bodies But among the Jewes not of the bodies but of sweet odours and divers kinds of spices prepared by the Art of the Apothecaries burned in the Tombe where the embalmed body was to lie 2 Chr. XVI 14. This was denied to the wicked King Jehoram 2 Chron. XXI 19. yet granted here to Zedekiah in Babylon And that burning of the Flesh of Saul and his sonnes 1 Sam. XXXI 12. was a case extraordinary and as their present condition and that exigent seemed to require when they cut the calf in twaine chapter XXXIV verse 18 c. The maner of making Covenants whence the Hebrew phrase is to Cut a Covenant that is from the right of Cutting a beast in twaine sometime for Sacrifice sometime for Feasting and the Covenanters passing through betweene the Parts of it implying it seemes and that by way of execration Themselves to be alike cut in sunder in case of violating the Conditions of the Covenant Matth. 24. 51. Though some make the Cutting to relate to the strict and exact cutting out of Articles agreed upon for mutual performance by both parties Gen XV. 9 10 17. Deut. XXIX 12. Of Covenants see more betweene man and man and betweene God and man Gen. IX 9 17. Gen. XXI 27 32. and chap. XXVI 28 31. and chap. XXXI 44 55. Exod. XXIV 4 8. Deut. V. 2 3. whence the two tables are called the Tables of the Covenant and the Ark the Ark of the Covenant And the Tabernacle The Tabernacle of the Covenant the Book of the Law the Book of the Covenant Josh. XXIV 24 25 26 27. Neh. IX 38. 1 Sam. XVIII 3 4. and XXIII 18. 1 Kings V. 12. and XX. 34. 2 Kings XI 17. and XXIII 3. Ezra X. 3. Esay LIX 21. Jer. L. 5. And God promises to make a New Covenant with his people Jer. XXXI 31 32 33 34. cited Heb. VIII 8 9. which yet is not simply New in regard of the substance of it for the maine matter and substance of the former Covenant is there verse 33. And Gen. XVII 7. Deut. XXVI 17 18. and XXIX 13. And both Covenants ratified by the blood of the Messias But as Love is called a New Commandment John XIII 34. So this a New Covenant in that it is ratified by the death of our Saviour exhibited in that the Doctrine of the Gospel is now more fully and clearly revealed in that this runneth wholly upon the spiritual and celestial Blessings in that the Ceremonials are removed and the more Spiritual Service substituted for it in that it is more generaly dilated and enlarged to all Nations in that a large measure of Spiritual Gifts and efficacie of the Spirit is now vouchsafed in that the continuance of it without change is to be to the end of the world hath sworne by himself Having no greater to swear by chapter LI verse 14 Heb. VI. 13. So Gen. XXII 16. Jer. XXII 5. Amos VI. 8. By his soul So is the Hebrew in this text and chap. LI. 14. By the excellency of Jacob Amos VIII 7. By his Holinesse Amos IV. 2. And againe the Forme of his Oath is thus expressed As I live Heb. I. live so Jer. XXII 24. and XLVI 18. Ezek. V. 11. And I live for ever Deut. XXXII 40. So men use to swear The Lord liveth Jer. IV. 2. and V. 2. As the Lord liveth that made us this soul Jer. XXXVIII 16. Gods oath shall undoubtedly be fulfilled Psal. CX 4. and CXXXII 11. Heb. VI. 17 18. Of Oaths see more in the Annotations on Hos. IV. 15. and Gen. XXIV 3. carried away captive chapter LII verse 28 Five captivities into Babylon are mentioned in Scripture Lamentations THese are not those of Jeremie for Josiah 2 Chron. XXXV 25. No more then those were for him Ezek. XIX 1 14. which indeed were commanded to be taken up by Ezekiel for Jehoachaz and Jehojakim But these were written by Jeremie in the time of the Babylonish captivity after the Temple of the Lord and Citie of Jerusalem were burnt and destroyed by Nebuchadnezzar Lamenting here those more then lamentable miseries As the whole Matter and Contents of this Book doth declare And particularly that very passage it self chap. IV. 20. which is appliable properly to King Zedekiah and not to King Josiah The LXX and Jerome doth expresse this very time in the beginning of the Book it self These Lamentations are full of Pathetical expressions And for the weight of the Matter and the Help of Memorie The first second and fourth Chapters do containe twenty two verses apiece according to the number of the Letters of the Hebrew Alphabet and do begin each verse with one of them in their order methodicaly And chap. III. contains 66. verses treble the former number And begins each three of them with one letter of the Hebrew Alphabet in the order methodicaly The last Chapter only is without this Art Many Signes of Lamentations are expressed here Which from hence and other Scriptures may more fully be gathered thus Sighing Mourning mournful Songs weeping howling Fasting changing of the garments mourning women Ier. IX 17. 2 Chron. XXXV 25. Amos V. 16. rending of the Cloathes wearing black and sack cloth sitting on the ground and keeping silence lying prostrate upon the ground sitting lying covering rowling wallowing in ashes in dust and ashes casting up dust ashes earth upon them and their heads spreading and wringing the hands laying the hands upon the head smiting with the hand stamping with the feet hanging down the head uncovering the head and bare and againe in some ages the covering the head covering head and face too as our close mourners covering the upper lip bare-foot shaving the head and beard making baldnesse plucking off the haire beating the breast printing marks upon the flesh tearing it cutting it Amongst other places see these viz. Lam. II. 10. and III. 16. Lev. X. 6. and XIII 45. and XIX 27 28. and XXI 5 10. Deut. XIV 1. Iosh. VII 6. 1 Sam. IV. 12. 2 Sam. I. 2. and XIII 19. and XIV 2. and XV. 30 32. and XIX 4. 2 Chron. XXXV