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A48734 A sermon preached in Lent-assizes, holden for the county of Bucks, at Alesbury, March 8th 1671/2 being Ash-Wednesday by Ad. Littleton ... Littleton, Adam, 1627-1694. 1671 (1671) Wing L2570; ESTC R21353 20,489 39

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by which men are to be judged and those both Political and Ecclesiastical in the making of which particular Common-wealths and Churches are left by Divine Wisdom to their own Liberty God himself having provided nothing in that kind for us only left us a Model of his own Government amongst his own people in the Jewish State and Church to wit the Judicial and Ceremonial Law As to Church affairs though those Ceremonies being only Types and Shadows of Christ had their end and completion at his coming and so we are obliged against them yet seeing God cannot be worshiped without some ceremony 't is not to be imagined that publick Authority should want power for the ordering of Externals in the worship of God But as to matters of Politie that frame of government which God with his own hand set up deserves our veneration sure and Calvin further acknowledges that many of those Rules and Methods may by any Christian State be safely imitated and fairly transcribed into practice I shall not here start that question which Sir Thomas Moor once Chancellour of England and the ornament of his country in his Vtopia doth why we punish Theft with death and not as the Judicial Law prescribes because I have already answered it and the late success has justified the severity Only having spoken so much of the Law of Nature let me add one word I beg the Lawyers pardon if I speak in alieno foro concerning our Municipal or Common Law neither Law nor Prayer is ere a whit the worse for being Common that there is not any Law extant either in Books or Practice which comes so near the Jus Naturale as Ours does being a kind of unwritten Law grounded upon Custom and built up by long experience of its Vsefulness and Convenience having been long before the Conquerours time who only put it into a French dress and livery as a cognizance of his conquest practised here among the Saxons and as 't is more then probable among the antient Britans too whose Druids as they were learned men so were able Lawyers yet would never commit any thing to writing I have done with the Office a word or two of his Patent and Residence III. His Patent was signed for him durante vitâ he was a Judge all the days of his life nor was his Judiciary power extinguished or superseded by the super-induction of the Regal as may appear by his giving Orders to Saul and his calling him to account for his neglect and his hewing Agag in Gilgal so that Saul one might think were till Samuels death only the General administer belli to execute the orders of War Yet Saint Paul having said that God had given the Jews Judges for about the space of 450 years till Samuel the Prophet adds that then he gave them King Saul 40 years in which account he includes Samuels time too Wherefore some thus explain it all the days of his Life from Eli's death till Saul's being made King One of the Rabbins asks how this could be how he could be Judge all the days of his life and answers himself as that sort of people are full of fancy and confidence that Samuel while he was 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 in his mothers belly was made a Judge and chosen into the Sanhedrim However he was the last of this Order of the Judges and the power expired with him his Sons having been as faulty in State as Eli's had been in the Church as corrupt Judges as they were scandalous Priests wherefore as the lewdness of Hophni and Phineas turned old Eli's Family out of the Priesthood so Samuel's Sons by their misdemeanours outed themselves out of the Civil Government IV. Lastly His constant Residence was Ramah a City of Benjamin where his house was and where his Father and Mother had dwelt before Here he built an Altar for publick worship which the Jewish Masters tell us was lawful even for any private man to do at that time when the Tabernacle at Shiloh was pulled down and destroyed after the taking of the Ark. Once we read that when David came to him from Court they went and dwelt together at Naioth which was hard by I suppose for more privacy in his College there And here at last he laid his bones Ramah was his Dwelling his Retirement his Seat of Justice his Sepulchre Hither as long as he liv'd all the people of Israel came up for Justice for it was a place of high situation the name imports For though there might be Inferiour Courts in other Cities at least deputations elsewhere yet here was the supreme Court of Appeals which afterwards in David's time was translated to Jerusalem Psal. 122. Thither the Tribes go up for there are the seats of Judgment seats of the house of David And now 't is time for me to leave Ramah and set my face towards Bethel and Gilgal and Mizpeh where I must having so little time left me make but a short Circuit where first we shall take a vJew of the Places and then consider the necessity and reasons of this Itinerant Justice I. The Places where Samuel kept his Assizes were eminent and remarkable in story large Shire-Towns yet at no great distance neither from one another lying in as narrow a compass perhaps as this County we are now in Indeed whole Jewry was no large piece of ground being as I am told by one that undertakes to correct AdrichomJus no more then seventy miles long where 't is longest and but eighteen over in breadth yet very populous it was because very fruitful 1. Beth-el a City of Benjamin Here Jacob saw the vision of the Ladder gave it its name the House of God and set up a Pillar at his return was himself here named Israel and built an Altar Here the Ark of the Covenant was before it was removed to Shiloh and Phineas Eleazar's son stood before it 2. Gilgal a City in the plains of Jericho belonging to Ephraim Here the children of Israel were circumcised having neglected that Sacrament ever since their coming out of Egypt and therefore 't was called Gilgal because the Lord that day rolled away the reproach of Egypt from off them Here the twelve Stones after their passage over Jordan were pitched Here Samuel hewed Agag in pieces before the Lord because Saul had forborn the execution 3. Mizpeh a City of Judah in the valley as we read Josh. 15. but in the 18. 't is reckoned among the Cities of Benjamin with Ramah and Bethel 'T is likely it might stand in the confines of both Tribes It was I take it Laban's heap of stones which he and Jacob had raised and called Mizpah that is a Beacon or Watch-Tower saying the Lord watch between thee and me Here was the Israelites constant Rendezvous Here they encamped against the Ammonites when Jephtha was their Leader Here they all gathered together unto the Lord against the Benjamites Here lastly at the 6 verse of this