and_o the_o precede_a king_n ethelbert_n son_n to_o ethelred_n he_o be_v treacherous_o murder_v by_o offa_n the_o great_a king_n of_o the_o mercian_n invite_v to_o his_o court_n upon_o pretence_n of_o marriage_n with_o his_o daughter_n elfrid_n after_o echelbert_n the_o east-angle_n for_o a_o long_a time_n become_v a_o prey_n to_o the_o mercian_n westsaxon_n &_o kentish_a saxon_n without_o king_n or_o mention_v in_o author_n by_o great_a egbert_n with_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o heptarchy_n they_o become_v subject_a to_o the_o english_a name_n and_o monarchy_n under_o a_o substitute_v king_n of_o their_o own_o not_o name_v by_o huntingdoniensis_n my_o author_n as_o neither_o be_v any_o other_o of_o their_o prince_n until_o edmund_n descend_v from_o anna_n succeed_v about_o the_o year_n 780._o saint_n edmund_n the_o last_o saxon_a king_n of_o the_o east-angle_n substitute_v or_o govern_v under_o the_o westsaxon_n invade_v by_o hunger_n and_o hubba_n two_o pagan_a danish_a captain_n and_o after_o sundry_a torment_n with_o great_a constancy_n sustain_v for_o his_o faith_n &_o profession_n tie_v to_o a_o stake_n and_o shoot_v to_o death_n with_o their_o arrow_n canonize_v for_o a_o saint_n and_o martyr_n who_o rich_a and_o much_o honour_a shrine_n give_v occasion_n of_o the_o name_n of_o saint_n edmundsbury_n in_o suffolk_n saint_n edmund_n thus_o martyr_v after_o 9_o year_n vacancy_n and_o spoil_v by_o the_o dane_n guthrum_n or_o godrun_n a_o danish_a captain_n succee_v in_o the_o kingdom_n hereof_o &_o of_o the_o eastsaxons_a to_o who_o eohric_n of_o the_o same_o nation_n succee_v by_o edward_n the_o first_o monarch_n of_o the_o english_a saxon_n the_o dane_n be_v last_o drive_v out_o and_o the_o country_n be_v immediate_o unite_v to_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o english_a empire_n the_o kingdom_n of_o mercia_n etc._n it_o be_v so_o wigorniensem_fw-la name_v after_o our_o best_a antiquary_n from_o the_o word_n mearc_n signify_v with_o the_o dutch_a or_o english_a a_o bounder_n call_v thus_o since_o confine_v in_o a_o manner_n withal_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o saxon_a kingdom_n lie_v in_o the_o heart_n and_o middle_a part_n of_o the_o island_n better_a etymology_n we_o know_v not_o it_o contain_v in_o its_o great_a extent_n the_o country_n of_o the_o dobuni_n catycâ—chlani_n coritani_n and_o cornavij_fw-la of_o ptolemy_n with_o part_n of_o the_o iceni_n and_o silures_n or_o after_o malme_n buriensis_fw-la the_o modern_a country_n of_o lincoln_n nottingham_n rutland_n leicester_n huntingdon_n bedford_n northampton_n buckingham_n oxford_n gloucester_n warwijck_n stafford_n derby_n worcester_n hereford_n chester_n and_o shropshire_n with_o part_n of_o hartfordshire_n the_o large_a of_o all_o the_o seven_o kingdom_n bound_v upon_o the_o east_n with_o the_o eastsaxons_a and_o east-angle_n with_o part_n of_o the_o german_a ocean_n betwixt_o the_o metaris_n or_o the_o washes_n of_o lincolnshire_n and_o the_o mouth_n of_o humber_n upon_o the_o south_n with_o the_o river_n thames_n from_o the_o westsaxon_n upon_o the_o west_n with_o offa's-ditch_n from_o the_o welsh_a with_o part_n of_o the_o irish_a ocean_n betwixt_o the_o dee_n and_o mersey_n and_o upon_o the_o north_n with_o the_o river_n mersey_n and_o humber_n from_o the_o kingdom_n of_o northumberland_n it_o comprehend_v the_o north_n &_o south_n mercia_n the_o river_n of_o trent_n part_v these_o two_o devision_n after_o mat._n of_o westminster_n it_o be_v begin_v by_o crida_n 585._o or_o creodda_n a_o saxon_a captain_n in_o the_o year_n 585_o after_o my_o author_n descend_v from_o prince_n woden_n enlarge_v by_o the_o victory_n of_o wibba_n penda_n and_o offa._n by_o great_a egbert_n it_o be_v subject_v to_o the_o vassalage_n of_o the_o west-saxon_a monarch_n about_o the_o year_n 886_o end_v in_o burdred_a a_o substitute_n of_o the_o westsaxon_n tire_v with_o long_a war_n and_o molestation_n of_o the_o dane_n &_o depart_v unto_o rome_n after_o who_o the_o dane_n who_o have_v now_o 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by_o oswy_n king_n of_o northumberland_n upon_o the_o marriage_n of_o alkfled_a his_o natural_a daughter_n set_v over_o the_o part_n of_o mercia_n lie_v south_n of_o the_o river_n trent_n with_o condition_n that_o he_o shall_v become_v christian_n the_o first_o christian_a king_n of_o the_o mercian_n the_o part_n of_o mercia_n upon_o the_o north_n of_o trent_n oswy_n join_v to_o the_o immediate_a government_n of_o the_o northumbrian_n he_o be_v slay_v after_o beda_n by_o the_o treason_n of_o his_o wife_n alkfle_v after_o other_o by_o his_o mother_n kinswith_n wife_n to_o penda_n after_o peada_n the_o mercian_n shake_v off_o the_o yoke_n of_o the_o northumbrian_n and_o wulfhere_o be_v advance_v to_o the_o kingdom_n wulfhere_o son_n to_o penda_n and_o brother_n to_o peada_n oswy_n &_o the_o northumbrian_n thrust_v out_o king_n of_o the_o mercian_n by_o his_o great_a valour_n &_o happy_a exploit_n after_o oswy_n he_o obtain_v the_o sovereignty_n or_o chief_a rule_n of_o the_o saxon_n continue_v in_o his_o successor_n until_o kenelm_n and_o the_o monarchy_n of_o egbert_n and_o the_o west_n saxon_n the_o eleven_o monarch_n of_o the_o english_a he_o found_v the_o church_n &_o monastery_n of_o medesham_n or_o peter_n borough_n begin_v by_o his_o brother_n peada_n convert_v to_o christianity_n by_o holy_a chad_n the_o apostle_n or_o first_o bishop_n of_o lichfield_n and_o the_o mercian_n he_o decease_v in_o the_o year_n 674._o among_o other_o issue_n he_o have_v wereburg_n a_o profess_a nun_n in_o the_o monastery_n of_o elye_n appoint_v afterward_o by_o king_n ethelred_n visitour_n of_o all_o the_o monastery_n in_o the_o kingdom_n of_o mercia_n which_o charge_v she_o undergo_v with_o great_a zeal_n and_o opinion_n of_o sanctity_n who_o dead_a corpse_n or_o relic_n remove_v afterward_o to_o the_o city_n of_o chester_n occasion_v there_o the_o church_n of_o saint_n wereburg_n since_o the_o cathedral_n of_o that_o diocese_n found_v by_o leofrike_a earl_n of_o chester_n in_o her_o honour_n ethelred_n brother_n to_o peada_n and_o wulshere_v and_o son_n to_o penda_n king_n of_o mercia_n and_o the_o twelve_o monarch_n of_o the_o english_a he_o found_v the_o monastery_n of_o bardney_n in_o lincolnshire_n where_o relinquish_a the_o kingdom_n himself_o become_v monk_n and_o afterward_o abbot_n kenred_n son_n to_o wulfhere_o ethelred_n resigne_v king_n of_o mercia_n and_o monarch_n of_o the_o english_a have_v reign_v four_o year_n he_o likewise_o give_v over_o the_o kingdom_n and_o with_o offa_n king_n of_o the_o eastsaxons_a go_v to_o rome_n where_o constantine_n the_o first_o be_v pope_n they_o together_o put_v on_o the_o cowl_n &_o habit_n of_o religion_n chelred_n son_n to_o ethelred_n king_n of_o mercia_n and_o monarch_n of_o the_o english_a he_o have_v war_n with_o ina_n king_n of_o westsaxons_a grow_v great_o through_o his_o late_a victory_n over_o the_o kentish_a and_o southsaxons_a and_o aspire_v to_o the_o monarchy_n manage_v with_o equal_a fortune_n ethelbald_n of_o the_o blood_n royal_a of_o the_o king_n of_o mercia_n descend_v from_o crida_n king_n of_o the_o mercian_n &_o monarch_n of_o the_o english_a in_o the_o time_n of_o s_o t_o winifrid_n or_o boniface_n the_o apostle_n of_o the_o german_n and_o archbishop_n of_o mentz_n reprehend_v by_o he_o for_o his_o unmarried_a yet_o most_o lascivious_a and_o unchaste_a life_n he_o be_v slay_v by_o his_o mutinous_a subject_n stir_v up_o by_o bernred_n aim_v hereby_o at_o the_o kingdom_n offa_n descend_v from_o wibba_n after_o some_o vacancy_n &_o the_o death_n of_o the_o tyrant_n bernred_n who_o he_o slay_v in_o battle_n king_n of_o mercia_n and_o monarch_n of_o the_o english_a renown_v for_o his_o great_a victory_n archieve_v against_o the_o border_a welsh_a &_o saxon_n he_o draw_v offaes_n ditch_n before_o describe_v the_o bounder_n betwixt_o he_o &_o the_o welsh_a and_o subject_v his_o english_a to_o attribute_n of_o the_o sea_n of_o rome_n call_v romscot_n and_o peter-pence_n he_o likewise_o found_v the_o great_a
here_o ever_o since_o their_o succession_n and_o english_a language_n and_o occasion_v the_o name_n of_o little_a england_n beyond_o wales_n by_o the_o earl_n of_o chester_n warren_n and_o mortimer_n with_o other_o about_o the_o same_o time_n the_o part_n of_o flint_n &_o denbigh_n together_o with_o caeretica_fw-la and_o the_o land_n of_o ggo_v now_o cardigan_n &_o monmouthshire_n be_v likewise_o take_v in_o and_o subdue_v the_o valour_n or_o fortune_n of_o king_n edward_n the_o first_o put_v a_o end_n to_o this_o languish_a estate_n of_o the_o welsh_a after_o some_o year_n war_n vanquish_a and_o kill_v lhewelyn_n ap_fw-mi gruffith_n their_o last_o prince_n and_o annex_v the_o whole_a wales_n to_o the_o english_a subiect_v the_o people_n to_o his_o english_a law_n king_n henry_n the_o eight_o of_o late_a year_n descend_v from_o the_o welsh_a by_o the_o father_n side_n incorporate_v the_o country_n with_o the_o kingdom_n of_o england_n invest_v the_o welsh_a with_o all_o the_o right_n and_o privilege_n of_o his_o english_a subject_n in_o which_o rank_n and_o union_n they_o now_o remain_v the_o prince_n hereof_o from_o more_o certain_a &_o clear_a time_n follow_v with_o that_o truth_n which_o their_o history_n will_v afford_v roderique_n surname_v the_o great_a monarch_n of_o the_o welsh_a son_n to_o meruyn_n vrych_n a_o nobleman_n of_o wales_n &_o esylht_a daughter_n to_o conan_n tindaethwy_n son_n to_o roderique_n molwynoc_n son_n to_o edwal_n son_n to_o cadwallader_n the_o last_o king_n of_o the_o briton_n part_v wales_n into_o the_o division_n before_o mention_v he_o allot_v guynedh_n or_o north-wales_n unto_o anarawde_n his_o elder_a son_n and_o unto_o cadelh_n &_o mervyn_n deheubarth_n or_o southwales_n &_o powy_n with_o condition_n that_o the_o two_o young_a brethren_n &_o their_o successor_n shall_v be_v liegeman_n &_o acknowledge_v the_o sovereignty_n of_o anarawd_n &_o the_o king_n of_o north-wales_n confirm_v afterward_o by_o the_o law_n of_o howel_n dha_n he_o decease_v in_o the_o year_n 876_o slay_v by_o the_o english_a anarawd_n prince_n of_o guynedh_n or_o north-wales_n sovereign_a or_o chief_a king_n of_o the_o welsh_a elder_n son_n to_o roderique_n the_o great_a the_o order_n of_o the_o king_n of_o southwales_n &_o lord_n of_o powy_n for_o thus_o be_v they_o call_v and_o of_o the_o many_o inferior_a lord_n or_o prince_n in_o each_o division_n for_o as_o before_o every_o son_n after_o the_o custom_n of_o the_o present_a german_n have_v a_o share_n of_o his_o father_n possession_n i_o have_v omit_v in_o regard_n of_o their_o number_n edwal_n voel_n prince_n of_o guynedh_n &_o chief_a king_n of_o wales_n son_n to_o anarawd_n succeed_v about_o the_o year_n 913._o in_o the_o reign_n hereof_o athelstan_n king_n of_o england_n force_v a_o tribute_n upon_o the_o welsh_a of_o 20_o pound_n of_o gold_n and_o 300_o of_o silver_n with_o 200_o head_n of_o cat-tail_n remit_v afterward_o by_o king_n edgar_n for_o a_o tribute_n of_o wolf_n howel_n dha_n prince_n of_o deheubarth_n or_o southwales_n &_o powy_n sovereign_a king_n of_o wales_n succeed_v in_o the_o year_n 940_o descend_v from_o cadelh_n brother_n to_o anarawd_n the_o son_n of_o edwal_n voel_n the_o right_a heir_n exclude_v he_o make_v law_n for_o the_o welsh_a observe_v by_o the_o nation_n until_o their_o subjection_n to_o the_o english_a james_n and_o jevaf_a son_n to_o king_n edwal_n voel_n joint_a prince_n of_o guynedh_n and_o chief_a king_n of_o wales_n succeed_v after_o the_o decease_n of_o howel_n dha_n owen_n with_o other_o the_o son_n of_o howel_n lord_n of_o southwales_n and_o powy_n contend_v with_o they_o for_o the_o sovereignty_n be_v overthrow_v by_o they_o in_o battle_n and_o their_o elder_a brother_n meyric_n omit_v as_o unfit_a for_o government_n unto_o these_o prince_n edgar_n the_o king_n of_o england_n forgive_v the_o tribute_n of_o money_n impose_v by_o athelstan_n exchange_v for_o a_o certain_a number_n of_o wolf_n constant_o bring_v in_o by_o the_o welsh_a after_o my_o author_n until_o they_o be_v all_o destroy_v the_o relation_n i_o leave_v to_o the_o censure_n of_o the_o reader_n these_o afterward_o fall_v out_o jevaf_n be_v take_v prisoner_n and_o james_n remain_v sole_a king_n overcome_v not_o long_o after_o and_o chase_v out_o by_o howel_n son_n to_o jevaf_n howel_n prince_n of_o guynedh_n &_o chief_a king_n of_o wales_n son_n to_o jevaf_n succeed_v about_o the_o year_n 973_o his_o father_n free_v by_o he_o and_o set_v at_o liberty_n but_o not_o restore_v to_o the_o sovereignty_n he_o be_v slay_v fight_v against_o the_o english_a without_o any_o male_a issue_n cadwalhon_n prince_n of_o guynedh_n &_o sovereign_a king_n of_o wales_n son_n to_o jevaf_n and_o brother_n to_o howel_n succeed_v about_o the_o year_n 984._o he_o be_v slay_v in_o battle_n with_o meiryc_a he_o brother_n by_o meredith_n son_n to_o owen_n king_n of_o southwales_n meredith_n prince_n of_o guynedh_n and_o chief_a king_n of_o wales_n have_v slay_v cadwalhon_n &_o meyric_n son_n to_o owen_n king_n of_o deheubarth_n or_o south-wales_n after_o the_o decease_n of_o his_o father_n he_o likewise_o get_v seize_v of_o southwales_n he_o afterward_o lose_v guynedh_n or_o north-wales_n unto_o edwal_n son_n to_o meyric_n the_o elder_a son_n of_o edwal_n voel_n the_o right_a heir_n in_o his_o absence_n set_v up_o by_o the_o inhabitant_n edwal_n prince_n of_o guynedh_n &_o chief_a king_n of_o wales_n son_n to_o meyric_n elder_a son_n to_o edwal_n voel_n succeed_v in_o the_o year_n 992._o he_o be_v slay_v in_o fight_n by_o the_o dane_n leave_v behind_o he_o a_o young_a son_n named_z james._n in_o the_o year_n 998_o die_v also_o meredith_n aforesaid_a king_n of_o southwales_n leave_v one_o only_a daughter_n name_v angharat_n marry_v to_o llewelin_n ap_fw-mi sitsylht_n by_o mean_n hereof_o for_o want_n of_o heir_n or_o fit_a to_o goyerne_v conan_n ap_fw-mi howel_n &_o aedan_n ap_fw-mi blegor_v contend_v for_o the_o government_n when_o come_v to_o battle_n conan_n be_v slay_v and_o aedan_n usurp_v the_o kingdom_n aedan_n ap_fw-mi blegor_v prince_n of_o guynedh_n and_o sovereign_a king_n of_o wales_n succeed_v in_o the_o year_n 1003._o he_o be_v slay_v with_o his_o four_o son_n in_o the_o year_n 1015_o by_o llewelin_n ap_fw-mi sitsylht_n husband_n to_o angharad_n llewelin_n ap_fw-mi sitsylht_n descend_v from_o king_n anarawd_n and_o angharad_n his_o wife_n daughter_n to_o meredith_n king_n of_o southwales_n after_o the_o decease_n of_o aedan_n the_o usurper_n sovereign_a king_n of_o wales_n he_o be_v slay_v in_o the_o year_n 1021_o by_o howel_n &_o meredith_n son_n to_o edwin_n son_n to_o eneon_n brother_n to_o king_n meredith_n leave_v a_o son_n name_v gruffith_n ap_fw-mi llewelin_n after_o the_o death_n of_o llewelin_n ap_fw-mi sitsylht_n james_n son_n to_o king_n edwal_n take_v upon_o he_o the_o government_n of_o north-wales_n as_o right_a heir_n james_n the_o second_o prince_n of_o guynedh_n &_o chief_a king_n of_o wales_n son_n to_o king_n edwal_n he_o be_v overthrow_v &_o slay_v in_o the_o year_n 1037_o by_o gruffith_n son_n to_o llewelin_n &_o angharad_n gruffith_n prince_n of_o guynedh_n &_o chief_a king_n of_o wales_n son_n to_o llewelin_n ap_fw-mi sitsylht_n &_o angharad_n he_o also_o subdue_v southwales_n slay_v by_o treason_n blethyn_n &_o rywalhon_n son_n to_o angharad_n aforesaid_a &_o conwyn_n ap_fw-mi gueristan_n her_o second_o husband_n prince_n of_o guynedh_n and_o chief_a king_n of_o wales_n after_o the_o decease_n of_o king_n gruffith_n rywalhon_n be_v slay_v in_o the_o year_n 1068_o in_o a_o battle_n fight_v betwixt_o these_o &_o meredith_n and_o idel_n son_n to_o king_n gruffith_n blethyn_n by_o this_o mean_n remain_v sole_a king_n of_o north-wales_n he_o be_v slay_v in_o the_o year_n 1073_o by_o the_o treason_n of_o rees_n ap_fw-mi owen_n ap_fw-mi edwin_n trahern_n ap_fw-mi caradoc_n prince_n of_o guynedh_n or_o north-wales_n and_o chief_a king_n of_o wales_n cousin_n german_a to_o king_n blethyn_n he_o be_v slay_v in_o battle_n by_o gruffith_n son_n to_o conan_n son_n to_o king_n james_n the_o second_o gruffith_n ap_fw-mi conan_n prince_n of_o north-wales_n &_o chief_a king_n of_o wales_n in_o the_o year_n 1079_o after_o my_o author_n and_o the_o reign_v of_o gruffith_n ap_fw-mi conan_n &_o rhees_n ap_fw-mi theodor_n king_n of_o southwales_n william_n the_o conqueror_n king_n of_o england_n take_v the_o homage_v of_o the_o welsh_a prince_n not_o long_o after_o under_o william_n rufus_n by_o the_o good_a leave_n hereof_o morganwc_n brechiniauc_v and_o the_o country_n where_o now_o be_v cardiganshire_n part_n of_o deheubarth_n or_o southwales_n with_o some_o part_n of_o north-wales_n neighbour_a unto_o chester_n be_v subdue_v by_o robert_n fitzhamon_n bernard_n de_fw-fr neumarck_n &_o other_o valiant_a norman_a adventurer_n and_o add_v to_o the_o english_a government_n in_o regard_n hereof_o matthew_n paris_n make_v william_n rufus_n the_o
and_o rich_a monastery_n of_o s_o t_o alban_n in_o honour_n of_o that_o first_o british_a martyr_n a_o citizen_n of_o the_o neighbour_a verulamium_n put_v to_o death_n here_o by_o the_o emperor_n dioclesian_n and_o now_o canonize_v at_o his_o cost_n he_o decease_v in_o the_o year_n 796._o egfriâ—_n son_n to_o great_a offa_n king_n of_o mercia_n and_o monarch_n of_o the_o english_a decease_a within_o the_o year_n kenwolf_n descend_v from_o wibba_n king_n of_o mercia_n and_o monarch_n or_o chief_a king_n of_o the_o english_a decease_a in_o the_o year_n 819._o after_o this_o prince_n the_o mercian_n lose_v the_o sovernignety_n or_o chief_a rule_n of_o the_o english_a to_o egbert_n and_o the_o westsaxon_n happen_v through_o the_o feeble_a &_o unripe_a year_n of_o kenelm_n his_o next_o successor_n the_o quarrel_n and_o devision_n hereof_o for_o the_o crown_n and_o the_o power_n of_o egbert_n grow_v mighty_a through_o the_o access_n of_o the_o east_n and_o southsaxons_a and_o kentish_a kingdom_n kenelm_n son_n to_o kenwolf_n at_o the_o age_n of_o seven_o year_n succeed_v in_o the_o kingdom_n of_o mercia_n murder_v by_o his_o sister_n quendrid_n ambitious_a of_o the_o government_n ceolwulf_n king_n of_o mercia_n uncle_n to_o kenelm_n and_o brother_n to_o kenwolf_n after_o one_o year_n troublesome_a reign_n drive_v out_o by_o his_o seditious_a subject_n and_o through_o the_o treason_n and_o faction_n of_o bernulf_n bernulf_n king_n of_o the_o mercian_n usurp_v the_o kingdom_n against_o ceolwulfe_n he_o contend_v with_o great_a egbert_n for_o the_o chief_a rule_n or_o sovereignty_n of_o the_o english_a by_o who_o he_o be_v overcome_v in_o fight_n &_o be_v last_o slay_v against_o the_o east-angle_n ludecan_n king_n of_o mercia_n intrude_a the_o bernulf_n overcome_v &_o slay_v by_o egbert_n &_o the_o east-angle_n withlafe_a king_n of_o mercia_n usurp_v after_o ludecan_n subdue_v afterward_o &_o make_v tributary_n &_o substitute_v by_o egbert_n berthulf_n king_n of_o mercia_n after_o withlafe_v substitute_v by_o the_o westsaxon_n he_o be_v drive_v out_o by_o the_o bloody_a &_o all-conquering_a dane_n burdr_v appoint_v by_o ethelwolf_n the_o west-saxon_a or_o english_a monarch_n after_o two_o and_o twenty_o year_n reign_n weary_v out_o with_o continual_a war_n &_o fresh_a invasion_n of_o the_o dane_n &_o leave_v england_n unto_o fortune_n about_o the_o year_n 886_o he_o take_v sanctuary_n in_o rome_n where_o in_o a_o private_a state_n he_o die_v the_o last_o prince_n of_o the_o long_a languish_a mercian_n kingdom_n after_o who_o &_o some_o few_o year_n revel_v 4._o of_o the_o dane_n the_o country_n hereof_o by_o alfred_n the_o dane_n bring_v under_o be_v unite_v to_o the_o english_a or_o west-saxon_a monarchy_n the_o kingdom_n of_o northumberland_n weston_n it_o be_v wigorn._n thus_o call_v from_o the_o more_o famous_a river_n or_o creek_n of_o humber_n upon_o who_o north_n it_o lay_v it_o contain_v the_o brigantes_n of_o ptolemy_n with_o other_o part_n of_o north_n britain_n extend_v from_o hence_o unto_o the_o bodotria_n &_o glota_n of_o the_o same_o author_n now_o the_o frith_n of_o edinburgh_n and_o dunbriton_n on_o after_o malme_n buriensis_fw-la the_o present_a country_n of_o yorkshire_n lancashire_n durham_n westmoreland_n cumberland_n &_o northumberland_n we_o add_v tweedale_n merch_n lauden_n carict_a &_o galloway_n with_o other_o part_n of_o modern_a scotland_n unto_o the_o glota_n and_o bodotria_n for_o thus_o far_o after_o malmesburiensis_fw-la the_o empire_n of_o the_o english_a who_o north_n this_o be_v short_o upon_o their_o invasion_n &_o conquest_n extend_v it_o have_v upon_o the_o south_n the_o river_n of_o mersey_n and_o humber_n from_o the_o kingdom_n of_o the_o mercian_n upon_o the_o east_n the_o german_a ocean_n upon_o the_o west_n the_o irish_a sea_n and_o upon_o the_o north_n the_o two_o frith_n before_o mention_v part_v it_o from_o the_o scot_n and_o pict_n it_o be_v divide_v into_o two_o 1._o province_n more_o ancient_o command_v a_o part_n by_o their_o king_n of_o 3._o deira_n which_o be_v the_o part_n intercept_v betwixt_o humber_n and_o the_o river_n of_o tees_n and_o ib._n bernicia_n lie_v betwixt_o the_o tee_n and_o frith_n of_o edinburgh_n the_o kingdom_n be_v occasion_v by_o otha_n and_o ebusa_n the_o brother_n and_o son_n of_o hengist_n short_o after_o the_o come_n of_o the_o first_o saxon_n the_o better_a to_o strengthen_v their_o party_n send_v for_o out_o of_o germany_n by_o hengist_n and_o by_o the_o good_a leave_n of_o vortigern_n king_n of_o the_o briton_n arrive_v and_o plant_v in_o those_o northern_a part_n pretend_v their_o guard_n against_o the_o injurious_a and_o ill_o neighbour_a pict_n and_o scot_n who_o successor_n the_o truce_n and_o amity_n betwixt_o the_o two_o nation_n quick_o break_v in_o continuance_n of_o time_n subdue_a the_o country_n thus_o limit_v and_o govern_v the_o same_o with_o the_o title_n of_o duke_n under_o the_o right_n and_o sovereign_a command_n of_o the_o king_n of_o kent_n about_o the_o 60_o and_o 72_o year_n after_o the_o death_n of_o hengist_n change_v their_o stile_n into_o the_o name_n of_o king_n of_o bernicia_n and_o deira_n for_o thus_o the_o part_n hereof_o as_o before_o then_o be_v call_v unite_n again_o not_o long_o after_o into_o one_o only_a kingdom_n and_o common_a name_n of_o northumberland_n call_v thus_o in_o regard_n of_o the_o northern_a situation_n thereof_o unto_o that_o famous_a river_n the_o northumbrian_n after_o ethelred_n and_o the_o year_n 794_o be_v much_o distress_v through_o their_o civil_a dissension_n and_o the_o invasion_n of_o the_o dane_n by_o the_o advantage_n hereof_o the_o scot_n and_o pict_n get_v seize_v of_o the_o part_n of_o bernicia_n situate_v upon_o the_o north_n of_o the_o river_n tweed_n and_o solway_n frith_n the_o ordinary_a bounder_n afterward_o of_o the_o english_a and_o scottish_a kingdom_n the_o briton_n before_o this_o inhabit_v the_o part_n where_o now_o lie_n cumberland_n and_o westmoreland_n with_o fournesse_n fels_n in_o lancashire_n subject_a ancient_o to_o the_o saxon_a king_n of_o northumberland_n about_o the_o year_n 685_o revoult_v 26._o from_o under_o the_o government_n hereof_o begin_v the_o kingdom_n of_o the_o cumbri_n or_o cumberland_n continue_v after_o the_o heptarchy_n of_o the_o english_a expire_v in_o this_o manner_n the_o kingdom_n of_o northumberland_n stint_v towards_o the_o north_n with_o the_o frith_n of_o solway_n and_o the_o river_n tweed_n about_o the_o year_n 827_o and_o some_o 33_o year_n after_o the_o decease_n of_o ethelred_n before_o mention_v overcharge_v with_o foreign_a and_o domestic_a war_n submit_v to_o the_o protection_n of_o great_a egbert_n and_o his_o westsaxon_n by_o who_o it_o be_v last_o unite_v to_o the_o west-saxon_a or_o english_a monarchy_n the_o prince_n hereof_o be_v ida_n the_o first_o king_n of_o northumberland_n after_o mat._n of_o 560._o westminster_n elect_v by_o the_o victorious_a dutch_a or_o english_a of_o these_o northerly_a part_n in_o the_o year_n 548_o and_o about_o the_o 60_o year_n after_o the_o death_n of_o hengist_n by_o floretinus_fw-la 559._o monk_n of_o worcester_n he_o be_v style_v only_o king_n of_o bernicia_n ida_n decease_a the_o northumbrian_n in_o the_o year_n 560_o after_o mat._n of_o westminster_n first_o become_v divide_v into_o the_o two_o kingdom_n of_o deira_n usurp_v with_o this_o title_n by_o ella_n son_n to_o duke_n iffus_n and_o bernicia_n the_o portion_n remain_v unto_o adda_n son_n and_o successor_n unto_o ida_n succeed_v unto_o in_o bernicia_n during_o the_o long_a reign_n of_o ella_n by_o clappa_n theodulphus_n freothulfus_fw-la theodoricus_n and_o ethelricus_fw-la all_o son_n to_o ida_n and_o brethren_n to_o adda_n adda_n clappa_n theodulphus_n freothulfus_fw-la theodoricus_n and_o ethelricus_fw-la king_n of_o bernicia_n and_o son_n to_o ida_n successive_o reign_v one_o after_o another_o &_o ella_n king_n of_o deira_n son_n to_o duke_n iffus_n after_o the_o decease_n of_o ella_n king_n ethelricus_fw-la edwin_n thrust_v out_o son_n to_o ella_n obtain_v the_o sovereignty_n of_o the_o whole_a northumberland_n ethelricus_fw-la son_n to_o ida_n edwin_n son_n to_o ella_n exclude_v king_n of_o northumberland_n or_o of_o both_o province_n of_o deira_n and_o bernicia_n ethelfrid_n king_n of_o northumberland_n son_n to_o ethelricus_fw-la he_o confirm_v and_o much_o enlarge_v the_o kingdom_n of_o the_o northumbrian_n through_o his_o conquest_n and_o victory_n against_o the_o scot_n and_o weak_a remainder_n of_o the_o briton_n he_o be_v slay_v in_o battle_n by_o redwald_n king_n of_o the_o east-angle_n and_o monarch_n of_o the_o english_a in_o the_o quarrel_n of_o edwin_n king_n of_o deira_n expulse_v by_o ethelricus_fw-la edwin_n king_n of_o deira_n son_n to_o ella_n after_o ethelfrid_n succeed_v in_o both_o province_n of_o deira_n and_o bernicia_n the_o first_o christian_a king_n of_o the_o northumbrian_n convert_v by_o the_o mean_n of_o his_o queen_n ethelburga_n daughter_n to_o ethelbert_n the_o first_o
&_o some_o 470_o year_n after_o their_o first_o invasion_n hereof_o by_o c._n julius_n caesar._n the_o province_n at_o this_o time_n after_o beda_n extend_v northwards_o beyond_o the_o wall_n of_o severus_n unto_o the_o frith_n of_o edinburgh_n &_o dunbriton_n for_o thus_o we_o interpret_v the_o two_o arm_n of_o the_o east_n 12._o and_o western_a sea_n mention_v by_o my_o author_n the_o bounder_n then_o of_o the_o pict_n and_o scot_n from_o the_o roman_a or_o southern_a briton_n britain_n recover_v by_o the_o native_n the_o annal_n roman_n have_v quite_o abandon_v the_o island_n the_o dominion_n of_o the_o southern_a part_n under_o their_o king_n vortigern_n return_v unto_o the_o native_a briton_n these_o become_v lazy_a &_o effeminate_a through_o their_o long_a ease_n and_o disuse_v of_o arm_n under_o the_o roman_a government_n and_o be_v unable_a to_o withstand_v the_o fury_n of_o the_o scot_n and_o pict_n press_v upon_o they_o with_o great_a violence_n from_o the_o north_n at_o their_o earnest_a suit_n a_o new_a legion_n be_v send_v from_o the_o emperor_n honorius_n and_o the_o roman_n not_o now_o so_o much_o their_o lord_n as_o confederate_n by_o who_o the_o enemy_n be_v beat_v back_o by_o the_o mean_n and_o persuasion_n hereof_o with_o better_a advantage_n to_o exclude_v these_o forager_n a_o four_o trench_n or_o wall_n of_o turf_n be_v raise_v upon_o or_o near_o unto_o the_o wall_n of_o lollius_n vrbicus_n betwixt_o the_o two_o sea_n of_o edinburgh_n and_o dunbriton_n so_o often_o before_o mention_v they_o return_v home_o and_o the_o scot_n and_o pict_n fall_v to_o their_o wont_a spoil_n and_o outrage_n another_o roman_a legion_n under_o gallio_n of_o ravenna_n be_v obtain_v from_o the_o emperor_n valentinian_n the_o three_o by_o who_o again_o with_o great_a slaughter_n the_o enemy_n be_v repulse_v and_o a_o five_o more_o firm_a wall_n of_o stone_n erect_v more_o southwards_o upon_o the_o old_a trench_n of_o the_o emperor_n severus_n famous_a &_o almost_o entire_a in_o the_o time_n of_o beda_n my_o author_n which_o do_v the_o legion_n depart_v again_o into_o the_o continent_n busy_v in_o the_o defence_n of_o gaul_n invade_v by_o attilas_n and_o the_o huns._n after_o this_o time_n the_o western_a empire_n miserable_o languish_v and_o draw_v towards_o its_o last_o period_n the_o distress_a briton_n destitute_a of_o their_o roman_a succour_n although_o with_o tear_n and_o much_o importunity_n desire_v anglorum_fw-la of_o they_o implore_v the_o aid_n of_o the_o neighbour_a saxon_n and_o english_a inhabit_v the_o opposite_a shore_n of_o germany_n with_o who_o valour_n through_o their_o long_a piracy_n upon_o the_o eastern_a coast_n hereof_o they_o former_o have_v be_v well_o acquaint_v in_o the_o year_n 449_o and_o reign_v of_o the_o emperor_n valentinian_n the_o three_o in_o the_o i_o will_v of_o thanet_n under_o two_o brethren_n hengist_n and_o horsa_n their_o captain_n arrive_v first_o those_o dutch_a rover_n who_o the_o common_a enemy_n the_o scot_n &_o pict_n beat_v home_n &_o suppress_v by_o they_o after_o the_o manner_n of_o foreign_a aide_n when_o they_o grow_v too_o strong_a for_o their_o friend_n turn_v their_o sword_n hereagainst_a by_o force_n and_o agreement_n with_o king_n vortigern_n get_v seize_v of_o the_o country_n of_o kent_n which_o under_o hengist_n they_o erect_v into_o a_o kingdom_n reenforced_v and_o follow_v by_o sundry_a new_a colony_n of_o the_o same_o nation_n plant_v in_o other_o part_n of_o the_o island_n encourage_v by_o the_o good_a fortune_n of_o those_o first_o intruder_n the_o weakness_n of_o the_o native_n and_o the_o riches_n and_o fertility_n of_o the_o land_n not_o long_o after_o this_o first_o inroade_o his_o brother_n otha_n and_o son_n ebusa_n be_v send_v for_o by_o hengist_n by_o the_o good_a leave_n of_o vortigern_n take_v possession_n of_o the_o northern_a part_n beyond_o humber_n pretend_v their_o defence_n against_o the_o pict_n &_o scot_n occasion_v afterward_o the_o kingdom_n of_o northumberland_n about_o the_o year_n 488_o by_o ella_n another_o saxon_a captain_n be_v begin_v the_o kingdom_n of_o the_o southsaxons_a name_v thus_o from_o their_o situation_n in_o the_o year_n 519_o by_o cerdicus_fw-la the_o kingdom_n of_o the_o westsaxon_n by_o erchenwin_n about_o the_o year_n 527_o the_o kingdom_n of_o the_o east-angle_n by_o vffa_n in_o the_o year_n 575_o the_o kingdom_n of_o the_o eastsaxons_a last_o by_o crida_n in_o the_o year_n 582_o the_o kingdom_n of_o the_o mercian_n in_o this_o manner_n the_o more_o eastern_a &_o plain_a country_n be_v subdue_v by_o the_o saxon_n the_o dominion_n of_o the_o briton_n after_o stout_a &_o long_a resistance_n become_v straighten_a within_o the_o severne_n and_o the_o western_a mountain_n which_o after_o florilegus_n happen_v by_o the_o reign_n of_o caretius_n their_o king_n succeed_v in_o the_o year_n 586_o some_o 4_o year_n after_o the_o begin_n of_o the_o mercian_n kingdom_n oppress_v and_o drive_v over_o 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