he_o deliver_v they_o into_o chain_n of_o darkness_n 2_o pet._n 2._o 4._o and_o s_o t_o jude_n v._n 6._o speak_v after_o the_o same_o manner_n hell_n imply_v chain_n and_o that_o those_o who_o be_v in_o that_o place_n be_v bind_v in_o the_o house_n of_o their_o prison_n so_o satan_n be_v say_v to_o be_v bind_v with_o a_o great_a chain_n rev._n 20._o 1_o 2._o i._n e._n he_o be_v confine_v to_o hell_n and_o afterward_o he_o be_v loose_v out_o of_o that_o prison_n v_o 7._o now_o wicked_a and_o ungodly_a man_n be_v deserve_o say_v to_o be_v in_o this_o prison_n even_o before_o they_o be_v actual_o cast_v into_o it_o because_o they_o be_v as_o sure_a to_o be_v there_o i._n e._n to_o be_v damn_v as_o if_o they_o be_v actual_o so_o they_o be_v as_o certain_o to_o be_v shut_v up_o in_o the_o prison_n of_o hell_n as_o if_o they_o be_v now_o in_o it_o in_o this_o sense_n infidel_n and_o unbeliever_n be_v say_v to_o be_v condemn_v already_o john_n 3._o 18._o all_o wilful_a sinner_n be_v clap_v up_o in_o the_o prison_n be_v consign_v as_o it_o be_v to_o hell_n unless_o they_o harken_v to_o the_o preach_v of_o the_o gospel_n and_o repent_v and_o be_v convert_v and_o so_o escape_v the_o damnation_n of_o hell_n from_o all_o these_o particular_n you_o may_v be_v satisfy_v how_o fit_a a_o expression_n this_o be_v how_o apposite_o those_o unbeliever_n and_o idolater_n to_o who_o the_o gospel_n be_v preach_v be_v style_v spirit_n in_o prison_n i_o will_v yet_o further_o observe_v to_o you_o how_o the_o scripture_n delight_v in_o this_o way_n of_o expression_n as_o i_o have_v show_v you_o from_o thence_o how_o sinner_n be_v imprison_v person_n so_o i_o have_v this_o likewise_o to_o take_v notice_n of_o from_o scripture_n that_o the_o convert_v of_o soul_n by_o christ_n come_v and_o preach_v be_v express_o set_v forth_o to_o we_o by_o free_v they_o from_o prison_n which_o confirm_v this_o notion_n and_o the_o use_v of_o this_o phrase_n that_o â—inners_n whilst_o they_o be_v in_o 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this_o epistle_n though_o they_o be_v alive_a when_o they_o be_v preach_v to_o so_o that_o place_n ruth_n 1._o 8._o be_v interpret_v the_o lord_n deal_v kind_o with_o you_o as_o you_o have_v deal_v with_o the_o dead_a i._n e._n my_o son_n and_o your_o husband_n who_o be_v now_o dead_a when_o naomi_n speak_v this_o to_o her_o daughter_n in_o law_n but_o be_v alive_a when_o the_o kindness_n be_v show_v to_o they_o but_o i_o have_v observe_v before_o that_o this_o be_v a_o strain_v sense_n and_o therefore_o where_o a_o more_o natural_a one_o offer_v itself_o we_o ought_v to_o accept_v of_o it_o the_o most_o plain_a and_o proper_a meaning_n of_o the_o dead_n here_o be_v that_o they_o be_v dead_a at_o that_o very_a time_n when_o the_o gospel_n be_v preach_v to_o they_o i_o understand_v it_o of_o spiritual_a death_n which_o bring_v eternal_a death_n with_o it_o without_o repentance_n the_o widow_n that_o live_v in_o pleasure_n be_v dead_a while_o she_o live_v 1_o tim._n 5._o 6._o it_o be_v 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a_o reason_n as_o it_o be_v here_o for_o for_o this_o cause_n etc._n etc._n no_o man_n can_v discover_v and_o therefore_o we_o can_v satisfy_v ourselves_o with_o this_o interpretation_n of_o the_o place_n other_o will_v understand_v it_o thus_o that_o they_o may_v be_v judge_v according_a to_o man_n in_o the_o flesh_n i._n e._n that_o those_o who_o live_v carnal_o and_o wicked_o may_v be_v damn_v and_o live_v according_a to_o god_n in_o the_o spirit_n i._n e._n that_o those_o who_o live_v godly_o and_o righteous_o may_v be_v save_v but_o this_o be_v a_o manifest_a pervert_n of_o the_o word_n turn_v the_o but_o into_o and_o
do_v here_o and_o thereby_o render_v the_o meaning_n of_o the_o word_n full_a and_o entire_a however_o take_v the_o word_n which_o way_n you_o will_v and_o if_o you_o pitch_v upon_o any_o particular_a sense_n i_o hope_v i_o have_v suggest_v that_o which_o will_v give_v light_a to_o it_o i_o here_o adjoyn_v something_o concern_v the_o custom_n of_o cover_v and_o uncover_v the_o head_n among_o the_o different_a people_n and_o nation_n of_o the_o world_n the_o sum_n of_o what_o i_o say_v be_v that_o the_o eastern_a people_n go_v always_o with_o their_o head_n cover_v and_o the_o greek_n be_v always_o â—â—covered_v but_o the_o roman_n take_v a_o middle_a way_n for_o they_o think_v they_o be_v bind_v as_o to_o this_o matter_n to_o distnguish_v between_o the_o time_n of_o worship_n and_o of_o common_a conversation_n and_o that_o the_o behaviour_n which_o be_v use_v in_o the_o one_o ought_v to_o be_v different_a from_o that_o of_o the_o other_o according_o they_o always_o cover_v their_o 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invite_v great_a number_n of_o infidel_n who_o take_v notice_n of_o their_o christian_a behaviour_n to_o lay_v aside_o their_o false_a and_o idolatrous_a religion_n and_o to_o embrace_v the_o faith_n of_o christ_n and_o to_o desire_v to_o be_v admit_v member_n of_o the_o church_n by_o baptism_n by_o reason_n of_o the_o admirable_a carriage_n of_o those_o die_a martyr_n there_o be_v convert_v daily_o gain_v to_o christianity_n many_o jew_n and_o pagan_n be_v stir_v up_o to_o own_o the_o same_o holy_a religion_n which_o they_o see_v they_o defend_v so_o undaunted_o this_o make_v they_o eager_a of_o be_v baptize_v this_o i_o take_v to_o be_v the_o plain_a meaning_n of_o their_o be_v baptize_v for_o the_o dead_a i._n e._n they_o be_v baptize_v and_o become_v christian_n for_o the_o sake_n and_o on_o the_o account_n of_o those_o decease_a saint_n who_o they_o see_v attest_v the_o truth_n of_o christianity_n with_o their_o blood_n how_o probable_a this_o interpretation_n be_v yea_o how_o preferable_a to_o all_o other_o i_o hope_v i_o have_v convince_v the_o reader_n in_o the_o discourse_n itself_o to_o which_o i_o remit_v he_o in_o my_o last_o effort_n where_o i_o undertake_v to_o show_v who_o be_v the_o spirit_n in_o prison_n to_o who_o christ_n preach_v i_o do_v as_o before_o enumerate_v the_o several_a gloss_n which_o have_v be_v make_v upon_o the_o word_n some_o have_v fetsh_v the_o sense_n of_o they_o from_o heaven_n other_o from_o hell_n and_o some_o from_o a_o middle_a place_n as_o they_o fancy_v between_o both_o and_o many_o other_o have_v present_v we_o with_o their_o conjecture_n on_o this_o text._n but_o when_o i_o have_v discover_v the_o invalidity_n of_o they_o i_o proceed_v to_o let_v you_o see_v what_o other_o more_o true_a account_n may_v be_v give_v of_o the_o word_n and_o that_o be_v this_o christ_n by_o his_o spirit_n in_o his_o apostle_n and_o minister_n preach_v the_o gospel_n to_o sinner_n and_o to_o who_o else_o shall_v be_v preach_v it_o to_o vnconvert_v and_o unregenerate_a person_n whither_o jew_n or_o gentile_n and_o hereby_o many_o of_o they_o be_v convert_v to_o the_o faith_n and_o be_v save_v this_o be_v the_o plain_a sense_n of_o this_o text_n which_o have_v be_v so_o different_o handle_v by_o protestant_n and_o papist_n and_o this_o interpretation_n as_o i_o think_v i_o have_v make_v it_o evident_a but_o the_o reader_n be_v to_o judge_n be_v conformable_a to_o the_o scope_n of_o the_o context_n suitable_a to_o the_o phrase_n and_o language_n both_o of_o the_o old_a and_o new_a testament_n and_o most_o agreeable_a to_o the_o thing_n itself_o which_o be_v here_o represent_v by_o the_o apostle_n for_o there_o can_v not_o be_v a_o more_o easy_a and_o yet_o a_o more_o significant_a expression_n to_o set_v forth_o the_o state_n of_o man_n in_o their_o fin_n then_o this_o of_o the_o spirit_n in_o prison_n those_o person_n be_v in_o a_o religious_a and_o spiritual_a way_n of_o speak_v which_o be_v the_o constant_a stile_n of_o the_o holy_a ghost_n in_o the_o write_n of_o the_o prophet_n and_o apostle_n prisoner_n and_o bondman_n shut_v up_o in_o a_o miserable_a durance_n they_o sit_v in_o darkness_n and_o in_o the_o shadow_n of_o death_n be_v bind_v in_o affliction_n and_o iron_n as_o the_o psalmist_n describe_v poor_a captive_n psal._n 107._o 10._o this_o be_v a_o plain_a and_o obvious_a metaphor_n and_o at_o the_o very_a first_o propound_v of_o it_o we_o be_v able_a to_o apprehend_v its_o meaning_n poor_a distress_a soul_n that_o be_v under_o the_o bondage_n of_o sin_n and_o vice_n be_v spirit_n in_o prison_n but_o the_o bless_a jesus_n come_v and_o preach_v to_o they_o by_o the_o ministry_n of_o his_o apostle_n and_o servant_n and_o thereby_o bring_v they_o out_o of_o darkness_n and_o the_o shadow_n of_o death_n and_o break_v their_o bond_n in_o sunder_n as_o the_o same_o divine_a poet_n speak_v in_o that_o place_n certain_o then_o sâ—_n peter_n who_o have_v be_v a_o 16._o prisoner_n and_o bind_v with_o and_o know_v the_o hardship_n and_o misery_n of_o this_o sort_n of_o man_n can_v not_o have_v make_v choice_n of_o any_o similitude_n can_v not_o have_v use_v any_o expression_n whereby_o it_o be_v possible_a to_o give_v we_o a_o more_o compendious_a character_n a_o more_o lively_a and_o natural_a idea_n of_o the_o deplorable_a condition_n of_o vnconverted_a sinner_n than_o this_o here_o do_v which_o make_v it_o somewhat_o strange_a that_o such_o multitude_n of_o expositor_n and_o comment_n ator_n have_v not_o take_v notice_n of_o it_o but_o have_v rather_o choose_v to_o give_v we_o some_o farfetched_a and_o strain_a interpretation_n of_o these_o word_n this_o be_v the_o short_a account_n which_o i_o think_v good_a to_o premise_v before_o the_o follow_a exercitation_n in_o the_o whole_a i_o hope_v i_o have_v faithful_o
they_o may_v have_v the_o credit_n of_o give_v we_o the_o apostle_n true_a meaning_n that_o by_o any_o mean_n they_o may_v attain_v to_o this_o resurrection_n and_o 〈◊〉_d of_o the_o dead_a in_o this_o chapter_n give_v i_o leave_v to_o present_v you_o with_o a_o brief_a account_n of_o their_o several_a endeavour_n and_o different_a deciâ—ions_n in_o the_o case_n with_o a_o free_a and_o impartial_a animadversion_n on_o they_o and_o then_o to_o take_v the_o boldness_n to_o offer_v my_o own_o thought_n in_o the_o controversy_n which_o i_o purpose_v to_o do_v as_o i_o ought_v with_o a_o strict_a veneration_n of_o antiquity_n and_o the_o primitive_a writer_n of_o the_o church_n with_o a_o faithful_a regard_n to_o the_o master_n of_o grammar_n and_o criticism_n with_o a_o due_a respect_n to_o the_o whole_a context_n and_o to_o the_o analogy_n of_o christian_a faith_n i_o think_v it_o will_v not_o be_v amiss_o in_o the_o first_o place_n to_o rank_v the_o expositor_n on_o this_o place_n after_o this_o method_n they_o understand_v it_o of_o baptism_n either_o proper_o or_o improper_o take_v 1._o proper_o for_o a_o real_a and_o outward_a wash_v with_o water_n 2._o improper_o or_o metaphorical_o for_o the_o baptism_n of_o afflction_n and_o suffer_v as_o sometime_o the_o word_n be_v understand_v but_o the_o proper_a baptise_v or_o wash_v will_v engage_v i_o most_o of_o all_o in_o this_o discourse_n and_o that_o be_v threefold_a 1._o sacramental_a which_o be_v no_o other_o than_o that_o holy_a ordinance_n of_o christ_n institution_n whereby_o child_n or_o those_o of_o ripe_a year_n be_v admit_v into_o the_o christian_a church_n by_o the_o action_n of_o outward_a wash_v or_o sprinkle_v with_o water_n 2._o funeral_n wash_v which_o be_v practise_v in_o order_n to_o the_o bury_n of_o the_o dead_a body_n 3._o legal_a or_o ceremonial_a wash_n use_v by_o the_o jew_n as_o often_o as_o they_o be_v defile_v by_o touch_v the_o dead_a and_o this_o be_v do_v either_o in_o their_o own_o person_n or_o by_o another_o for_o they_o in_o case_n they_o die_v before_o they_o be_v cleanse_v i._o begin_v we_o with_o the_o various_a interpretation_n of_o those_o on_o the_o place_n who_o understand_v it_o of_o sacramental_a baptise_v and_o first_o there_o be_v some_o who_o interpret_v it_o of_o those_o who_o at_o their_o baptism_n profess_v themselves_o dead_a to_o sin_n and_o to_o the_o world_n and_o by_o this_o baptismal_a act_n they_o be_v repute_v to_o be_v thus_o spiritual_o dead_a a_o second_o opinion_n be_v of_o those_o who_o imagine_v the_o word_n speak_v of_o baptism_n as_o it_o represent_v the_o bodily_a death_n other_o understand_v it_o of_o baptism_n as_o it_o be_v accompany_v with_o the_o confession_n of_o the_o article_n of_o the_o resurrection_n of_o the_o dead_a a_o four_o sort_n say_v it_o be_v speak_v of_o the_o clinic_n those_o who_o lie_v on_o their_o sick_a bed_n and_o receive_v the_o sacrament_n of_o baptism_n five_o other_o understand_v it_o of_o baptise_v over_o the_o dead_a over_o the_o tomb_n of_o the_o decease_a martyr_n six_o there_o be_v some_o who_o think_v it_o be_v mean_v of_o baptise_v in_o the_o place_n and_o stead_n of_o the_o dead_a seven_o there_o be_v a_o learned_a man_n who_o think_v it_o be_v speak_v of_o a_o annual_a baptise_v for_o the_o benefit_n of_o the_o dead_a eight_o another_o conceve_v in_o refer_v to_o baptise_v with_o the_o imposition_n of_o the_o name_n of_o the_o dead_a last_o there_o be_v a_o learned_a critic_n who_o dissent_v from_o all_o the_o forename_a opinion_n and_o be_v persuade_v that_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d be_v put_v here_o for_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d the_o plural_a for_o the_o singular_a but_o how_o he_o apply_v it_o you_o shall_v hear_v afterward_o 1._o i_o begin_v with_o the_o first_o the_o opinion_n of_o those_o who_o imagine_v these_o word_n be_v speak_v of_o baptise_a christian_n who_o by_o this_o very_a sacrament_n profess_v to_o the_o world_n that_o they_o be_v spiritual_o dead_a so_o that_o to_o be_v baptize_v for_o the_o dead_a be_v as_o much_o as_o to_o be_v repute_v as_o dead_a person_n when_o they_o be_v baptize_v or_o at_o their_o baptism_n to_o be_v like_o dead_a man_n viz._n dead_a in_o respect_n of_o sin_n and_o any_o love_n to_o it_o at_o that_o solemn_a initiate_a themselves_o into_o the_o church_n they_o open_o renounce_v their_o former_a sin_n they_o public_o disown_v their_o past_a vice_n they_o become_v mortify_v person_n and_o betake_v themselves_o to_o a_o severe_a and_o strict_a course_n of_o life_n thus_o mystical_o and_o spiritual_o speak_v they_o be_v dead_a so_o the_o word_n be_v interpret_v by_o some_o sedulius_n ancient_a father_n with_o who_o agree_v a_o few_o of_o the_o etc._n modern_n among_o who_o a_o 10._o late_a writer_n express_v his_o sense_n thus_o baptise_a for_o the_o dead_a be_v they_o who_o when_o they_o be_v baptize_v declare_v that_o they_o be_v ready_a to_o die_v to_o the_o world_n to_o be_v in_o it_o as_o dead_a man_n and_o to_o live_v a_o new_a life_n and_o if_o occasion_n be_v to_o submit_v to_o the_o cross_n and_o die_v for_o their_o religion_n this_o they_o do_v that_o they_o may_v have_v a_o bless_a resurrection_n but_o this_o interpretation_n will_v be_v far_o from_o gain_v our_o consent_n if_o we_o consider_v beside_o what_o i_o shall_v add_v under_o the_o next_o opinion_n but_o these_o two_o thing_n first_o there_o be_v no_o reason_n to_o interpret_v these_o baptize_v for_o the_o dead_a of_o those_o that_o be_v spiritual_o dead_a because_o it_o be_v general_o advise_v by_o all_o sober_a interpreter_n of_o scripture_n that_o we_o shall_v not_o fly_v to_o a_o improper_a and_o metaphorical_a sense_n when_o the_o literal_a and_o proper_a one_o will_v serve_v our_o turn_n but_o i_o shall_v afterward_o prove_v that_o a_o plain_a and_o literal_a meaning_n of_o these_o word_n be_v most_o probable_a and_o reasonable_a second_o the_o context_n itself_o will_v conâ—ute_v this_o interpretation_n for_o if_o the_o spiritual_a death_n be_v here_o meanâ—_n i._n e._n the_o be_v bury_v with_o christ_n in_o baptism_n and_o be_v dead_a to_o sin_n and_o the_o world_n than_o who_o will_v think_v there_o be_v any_o consequence_n in_o the_o apostle_n reason_v while_o he_o argue_v from_o a_o spiritual_a and_o mystical_a death_n and_o resurrection_n of_o which_o baptism_n be_v a_o sign_n unto_o that_o which_o be_v bodily_a and_o external_n which_o be_v the_o subject_n he_o here_o treat_v of_o through_o out_o the_o whole_a chapter_n the_o inference_n be_v so_o foreign_a that_o i_o can_v see_v how_o it_o will_v ever_o be_v admit_v 2._o other_o be_v of_o the_o opinion_n that_o these_o word_n be_v speak_v of_o baptism_n as_o it_o represent_v the_o bodily_a death_n and_o some_o of_o the_o father_n who_o be_v â—_z of_o the_o first_o interpretation_n be_v please_v also_o to_o espouse_v this_o second_o for_o they_o think_v fit_a to_o join_v both_o these_o together_o viz._n the_o spiritual_a and_o the_o bodily_a death_n assert_v that_o the_o representation_n or_o resemblance_n of_o both_o be_v intend_v here_o by_o the_o apostle_n now_o let_v we_o see_v how_o they_o apply_v these_o word_n to_o the_o death_n of_o the_o body_n they_o hold_v that_o the_o apostle_n argument_n in_o the_o text_n be_v of_o this_o sort_n if_o there_o shall_v be_v no_o rise_n of_o the_o dead_a hereafter_o why_o be_v baptism_n so_o significant_a a_o symbol_n of_o our_o die_a and_o rise_a again_o and_o also_o of_o the_o death_n and_o resurrection_n of_o christ_n for_o those_o that_o be_v proselyte_n to_o the_o christian_a religion_n be_v interpret_v to_o make_v a_o open_a profession_n of_o these_o in_o their_o be_v plunge_v into_o the_o baptismal_a water_n and_o in_o be_v there_o overwhelm_v and_o bury_v as_o it_o be_v in_o the_o consecrate_a element_n the_o immersion_n into_o the_o water_n be_v think_v to_o signify_v the_o death_n of_o christ_n and_o their_o come_v out_o denote_v his_o rise_n again_o and_o do_v no_o less_o represent_v their_o own_o future_a resurrection_n on_o which_o account_n the_o minister_n put_v in_o of_o the_o christian_a convert_v into_o the_o sacred_a water_n and_o his_o take_v they_o out_o thence_o be_v style_v by_o saint_n t_o chrysostom_n cap._n the_o sign_n and_o pledge_v of_o descend_v into_o the_o state_n of_o the_o dead_a and_o of_o a_o return_n from_o thence_o and_o thus_o because_o the_o wash_v and_o plunge_v of_o the_o new_o admit_v christian_n be_v a_o visible_a proof_n and_o emblem_n first_o of_o christ_n and_o then_o of_o their_o resurrection_n from_o the_o grave_n the_o forementioned_a father_n have_v be_v induce_v to_o believe_v that_o this_o passage_n of_o our_o apostle_n which_o i_o be_o speak_v of_o have_v a_o particular_a respect_n to_o that_o and_o be_v to_o be_v interpret_v
yearly_o baptise_v themselves_o in_o river_n and_o lake_n on_o epiphany_n day_n and_o i_o can_v add_v from_o a_o late_a author_n that_o the_o bishop_n in_o muscovy_n at_o this_o day_n consecrate_v the_o river_n on_o the_o epiphany_n every_o year_n but_o what_o be_v all_o this_o to_o the_o purpose_n be_v here_o any_o baptise_v for_o the_o benefit_n of_o the_o dead_a no_o assure_o i_o be_o ready_a to_o grant_v also_o that_o baptise_v of_o the_o dead_a be_v use_v heretofore_o by_o some_o christian_n this_o be_v as_o certain_a as_o that_o it_o be_v usual_a to_o give_v the_o other_o sacrament_n to_o the_o dead_a which_o both_o appear_v to_o have_v be_v practise_v from_o the_o six_o canon_n of_o the_o 3_o d_o council_n of_o carthage_n and_o the_o 83_o of_o the_o council_n of_o trullo_n in_o which_o you_o find_v a_o prohibition_n against_o that_o administer_a the_o eucharist_n and_o baptism_n to_o the_o body_n of_o the_o decease_a and_o the_o above_o name_v as_o canonist_n in_o their_o comment_n on_o the_o 18_o the_o canon_n of_o carthage_n acquaint_v we_o with_o the_o ground_n of_o this_o baptise_v the_o dead_a and_o likewise_o of_o the_o baptise_v the_o live_n in_o the_o room_n of_o the_o dead_a namely_o upon_o the_o misunderstand_a these_o word_n of_o the_o apostle_n what_o shall_v they_o do_v that_o be_v baptize_v for_o the_o dead_a the_o jew_n it_o seem_v have_v the_o like_a superstitious_a opinion_n and_o practice_n as_o to_o circumcision_n for_o syâ—agoga_fw-la buxtorf_n acquaint_v we_o that_o the_o infant_n that_o die_v before_o it_o be_v eight_o day_n old_a be_v circumcise_a in_o the_o burying-place_n over_o the_o grave_n and_o that_o be_v yet_o more_o fond_a which_o i_o have_v read_v of_o a_o people_n among_o the_o tartar_n who_o have_v so_o great_a a_o opinion_n of_o matrimony_n that_o if_o their_o son_n and_o daughter_n die_v before_o age_n they_o solemnize_v a_o marriage_n between_o the_o party_n after_o death_n such_o a_o piece_n of_o folly_n be_v the_o baptise_v of_o the_o dead_a which_o be_v practise_v we_o grant_v in_o some_o age_n after_o the_o apostle_n and_o those_o learned_a lawyer_n think_v it_o be_v sound_v on_o the_o text._n yet_o any_o unprejudiced_a man_n may_v see_v that_o there_o be_v not_o the_o least_o foundation_n in_o the_o word_n for_o such_o a_o practice_n for_o it_o be_v impossible_a to_o make_v these_o two_o one_o baptise_v the_o dead_a or_o baptise_v person_n when_o they_o be_v dead_a and_o be_v baptise_a for_o the_o benefit_n of_o the_o dead_a 8._o there_o be_v another_o opinion_n which_o may_v be_v refer_v to_o this_o first_o rank_n of_o interpreter_n and_o that_o be_v that_o the_o apostle_n speak_v here_o of_o the_o custom_n receive_v in_o the_o church_n of_o give_v name_n in_o baptism_n in_o memory_n of_o the_o dead_a this_o say_v locum_fw-la hâ—insiâ—s_o who_o be_v the_o only_a expositor_n that_o go_v this_o way_n be_v in_o use_n among_o the_o old_a christian_n and_o thence_o the_o nominalia_fw-la be_v institute_v and_o so_o lemn_o observe_v by_o they_o which_o be_v festival_n day_n keep_v by_o the_o christian_n yearly_a in_o remembrance_n of_o the_o name_n give_v they_o in_o baptism_n these_o nominalia_fw-la as_o tertullian_n call_v they_o or_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d as_o gregory_n nazianzen_n style_v they_o be_v first_o derive_v from_o the_o jew_n in_o circumcision_n at_o which_o time_n the_o infant_n have_v the_o name_n give_v they_o of_o their_o parent_n or_o nearâ—st_a kindred_n and_o friend_n decease_v which_o be_v conâ—â—â—ed_v in_o the_o evangelical_n history_n by_o that_o dispute_n which_o be_v about_o the_o name_v of_o sâ—_n john_n the_o baptist_n and_o this_o usage_n prevail_v in_o the_o christian_a church_n afterward_o and_o they_o be_v wont_a to_o give_v their_o child_n the_o name_n of_o their_o kindred_n who_o have_v excel_v a_o virtue_n for_o these_o be_v think_v to_o inspite_o they_o by_o theâ—_n worthy_a example_n and_o by_o this_o mean_n also_o the_o name_n of_o their_o depart_a friend_n be_v record_v and_o their_o memory_n preserve_v and_o they_o seem_v to_o survive_v in_o those_o that_o bear_v their_o name_n these_o be_v say_v to_o be_v baptise_a for_o the_o dead_a i._n e._n say_v that_o learned_a critic_n in_o gratiam_fw-la &_o memoriam_fw-la mortuorum_fw-la they_o may_v just_o be_v say_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d to_o raise_v up_o the_o name_n of_o the_o dead_a as_o those_o be_v say_v to_o do_v among_o the_o jew_n who_o be_v next_o of_o kin_n marry_v the_o widow_n of_o the_o decease_a the_o apostle_n than_o be_v think_v by_o he_o to_o refer_v to_o that_o give_v of_o the_o name_n of_o the_o dead_a to_o those_o that_o be_v baptise_a because_o that_o be_v in_o memory_n and_o honour_n of_o the_o expire_v friend_n in_o hope_n of_o their_o resurrection_n and_o in_o belief_n of_o eternity_n for_o though_o they_o be_v dead_a yet_o they_o real_o live_v in_o another_o world_n thus_o therefore_o the_o argument_n be_v suppose_v to_o run_v why_o be_v those_o name_n of_o depart_a parent_n and_o friend_n give_v to_o the_o baptise_a relation_n if_o those_o person_n be_v not_o at_o all_o in_o be_v to_o what_o purpose_n be_v this_o if_o the_o decease_a utter_o perish_v and_o after_o death_n be_v never_o to_o rise_v again_o the_o resurrection_n suppose_v the_o soul_n immortality_n and_o so_o believe_v this_o we_o can_v question_v the_o other_o the_o person_n wear_v the_o name_n of_o those_o that_o be_v dead_a do_v hereby_o tell_v the_o world_n that_o they_o believe_v their_o pious_a parent_n and_o friend_n be_v still_o in_o be_v and_o at_o the_o last_o day_n shall_v rise_v again_o what_o shall_v they_o do_v how_o fond_o do_v they_o act_v who_o be_v thus_o baptize_v themselves_o or_o baptize_v other_o in_o memory_n of_o the_o dead_a if_o they_o believe_v not_o the_o resurrection_n else_o why_o do_v they_o consider_v the_o decease_a as_o yet_o live_v when_o they_o give_v or_o bear_v the_o name_n of_o those_o person_n the_o answer_n to_o all_o this_o in_o short_a be_v 1._o if_o such_o a_o custom_n be_v in_o the_o apostle_n time_n yet_o it_o seem_v to_o be_v too_o particular_a and_o too_o mean_a a_o one_o to_o ground_n so_o great_a and_o general_a a_o matter_n on_o 2._o it_o be_v not_o give_v or_o receive_v a_o name_n that_o be_v here_o speak_v of_o but_o baptise_v which_o be_v another_o thing_n and_o of_o more_o moment_n and_o why_o baptism_n shall_v be_v put_v here_o for_o imposition_n of_o name_n in_o baptism_n i_o see_v no_o reason_n unless_o it_o can_v be_v prove_v that_o a_o improper_a acception_n of_o a_o word_n be_v more_o agreeable_a than_o the_o proper_a and_o native_a one_o 3._o it_o be_v not_o evident_a that_o name_n be_v general_o and_o common_o give_v at_o baptism_n so_o early_o if_o we_o consult_v the_o history_n even_o of_o the_o time_n soon_o after_o christ_n we_o shall_v read_v of_o very_a few_o which_o i_o somewhat_o wonder_v at_o i_o confess_v who_o bear_v the_o name_n either_o of_o the_o evangelist_n or_o apostle_n or_o other_o martyr_n 4._o to_o argue_v from_o the_o imposition_n of_o the_o name_n of_o the_o dead_a to_o their_o certain_a rise_n again_o be_v no_o way_n firm_a and_o solid_a and_o therefore_o it_o be_v not_o probable_a on_o these_o consideration_n that_o this_o be_v the_o sense_n of_o the_o apostle_n 9_o in_o the_o next_o place_n i_o will_v propound_v the_o opinion_n of_o that_o late_a learned_a critic_n alexander_n more_o who_o in_o his_o note_n on_o some_o select_a place_n of_o the_o new_a tostament_n understand_v this_o place_n of_o the_o sacramental_a baptism_n but_o by_o the_o dead_a which_o in_o the_o greek_a be_v in_o the_o plural_a he_o think_v be_v denote_v a_o singular_a person_n and_o that_o person_n be_v christ_n and_o to_o be_v baptize_v for_o the_o dead_a be_v to_o be_v baptize_v for_o christ_n the_o meaning_n of_o which_o you_o may_v find_v in_o that_o author_n i_o will_v only_o here_o take_v notice_n of_o the_o unreasonableness_n of_o his_o interpretation_n so_o far_o as_o he_o understand_v christ_n by_o those_o that_o be_v dead_a it_o be_v true_a i_o grant_v that_o there_o be_v several_a example_n of_o the_o change_n of_o the_o singular_a number_n for_o the_o plural_a in_o holy_a scripture_n this_o syllepsis_n or_o synecdoche_n or_o enallage_n numeri_fw-la call_v it_o as_o you_o please_v be_v frequent_a in_o the_o sacred_a style_n and_o it_o be_v most_o use_v when_o some_o eminent_a person_n or_o thing_n be_v mean_v and_o i_o grant_v that_o christ_n be_v the_o most_o eminent_a person_n and_o his_o death_n the_o most_o signal_n and_o remarkable_a thing_n that_o ever_o be_v but_o i_o can_v think_v that_o the_o apostle_n here_o express_v the_o singular_a by_o the_o plural_a because_o 1._o the_o apostle_n here_o mention_n
the_o main_a difficulty_n of_o the_o text_n lie_v i_o must_v also_o premise_v and_o observe_v this_o to_o you_o 3_o lie_v that_o it_o be_v not_o bare_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d without_o a_o article_n as_o the_o learned_a scaliger_n also_o note_v on_o the_o place_n and_o say_v it_o be_v not_o without_o some_o singular_a emphasis_n the_o praepositive_a article_n o_o be_v frequent_o of_o the_o like_a force_n with_o the_o hebrew_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d and_o the_o english_a that_o which_o be_v note_n of_o emphasis_n and_o specification_n it_o be_v probable_a therefore_o that_o not_o all_o but_o some_o certain_a dead_a be_v here_o mean_v for_o this_o article_n which_o be_v here_o demonstrative_a denote_v something_o that_o be_v certain_a and_o definitive_a it_o be_v true_a it_o be_v sometime_o leave_v out_o and_o other_o time_n insert_v and_o yet_o the_o sense_n be_v neither_o heighten_v not_o impair_v and_o i_o deny_v not_o that_o it_o be_v so_o in_o some_o place_n in_o this_o chapter_n but_o since_o it_o be_v oftentimes_o significant_a and_o emphatical_a and_o become_v a_o relative_n and_o demonstrative_a pronoun_n it_o may_v be_v so_o in_o this_o text_n that_o be_v before_o we_o especial_o the_o article_n be_v express_v twice_o and_o it_o be_v likely_a as_o i_o will_v make_v it_o appear_v that_o it_o particular_o relate_v to_o something_o mention_v before_o in_o this_o chapter_n so_o that_o the_o word_n be_v to_o run_v thus_o what_o shall_v they_o do_v that_o be_v baptize_v by_o reason_n of_o or_o for_o the_o sake_n of_o those_o dead_a viz._n those_o dead_a before_o speak_v of_o and_o now_o that_o you_o may_v understand_v who_o those_o dead_a be_v and_o that_o we_o may_v the_o better_o apprehend_v the_o whole_a argue_n of_o the_o apostle_n in_o the_o text_n and_o at_o the_o same_o time_n give_v the_o confirmation_n of_o the_o sense_n which_o i_o be_o to_o offer_v i_o will_v present_v you_o with_o a_o short_a view_n of_o the_o context_n this_o be_v the_o best_a way_n certain_o to_o enervate_a and_o destroy_v the_o former_a opinion_n and_o to_o establish_v a_o right_a judgement_n of_o the_o text_n by_o set_v before_o you_o the_o scope_n of_o the_o word_n and_o their_o coherence_n with_o and_o relation_n to_o the_o forego_n part_n of_o the_o chapter_n i_o despair_v not_o of_o lead_v you_o to_o the_o true_a mean_v of_o the_o word_n the_o scope_n and_o design_n of_o s_o t_o paul_n in_o this_o chapter_n be_v to_o establish_v the_o doctrine_n of_o our_o resurrection_n that_o so_o weighty_a and_o important_a doctrine_n to_o which_o he_o give_v the_o name_n of_o the_o gospel_n v_o 1._o this_o great_a article_n of_o the_o christian_a faith_n which_o some_o of_o the_o corinthian_n have_v call_v into_o question_n be_v here_o maintain_v by_o several_a argument_n the_o first_o whereof_o be_v christ_n resurrection_n which_o he_o tell_v we_o be_v attest_v by_o above_o five_o hundred_o witness_n some_o of_o who_o he_o say_v be_v fall_v asleep_o v_o 6._o the_o same_o you_o know_v be_v express_o say_v of_o s_o t_o stephen_n by_o the_o evangelist_n s_o t_o luke_n and_o without_o doubt_v our_o apostle_n speak_v here_o of_o s_o t_o stephen_n who_o be_v stone_v to_o death_n act_n 7._o 60._o and_o of_o s_o t_o james_n the_o first_o martyr_n of_o all_o the_o apostle_n who_o be_v behead_v by_o herod_n agripppa_n act_n 12._o 2._o and_o 7._o clemens_n tell_v we_o that_o another_o die_v at_o the_o very_a same_o time_n he_o relate_v how_o the_o person_n that_o carry_v saint_n t_o james_n to_o the_o place_n of_o judgement_n and_o hear_v he_o there_o so_o full_o give_v testimony_n to_o christ_n be_v thereby_o convert_v and_o present_o profess_v himself_o to_o be_v a_o christian_n whereupon_o both_o of_o they_o be_v carry_v together_o to_o execution_n and_o be_v as_o he_o report_v behead_v the_o apostle_n may_v be_v think_v likewise_o to_o speak_v here_o of_o the_o other_o james_n who_o be_v also_o call_v james_n the_o just_a who_o be_v barbarous_o knock_v on_o the_o head_n by_o the_o jew_n in_o nero_n time_n as_o eusebius_n report_v but_o whether_o this_o james_n be_v put_v to_o death_n before_o saint_n t_o paul_n write_v this_o epistle_n to_o the_o corinthian_n i_o will_v not_o confident_o determine_v we_o may_v also_o here_o reckon_v philip_n the_o apostle_n who_o be_v put_v to_o death_n at_o the_o same_o time_n that_o jame_v the_o just_o be_v as_o some_o relate_v whence_o it_o be_v that_o our_o church_n celebrate_v the_o memory_n of_o they_o both_o on_o the_o same_o day_n but_o it_o be_v unquestionable_a that_o john_n the_o baptist_n who_o be_v the_o first_o martyr_n fall_v asleep_a before_o all_o these_o be_v behead_v by_o a_o former_a herod_n in_o the_o first_o year_n of_o our_o saviour_n preach_v and_o there_o be_v many_o other_o who_o be_v crown_v with_o martyrdom_n as_o our_o apostle_n himself_o testify_v act_n 26._o 10._o many_o of_o the_o saint_n do_v i_o shut_v up_o in_o prison_n and_o when_o they_o be_v put_v to_o death_n i_o give_v my_o voice_n against_o they_o there_o be_v many_o that_o suffer_v martyrdom_n who_o be_v therefore_o say_v to_o be_v fall_v asleep_o in_o christ_n v_o 18_o the_o of_o this_o chapter_n still_o he_o mention_n those_o that_o be_v fall_v asleep_o viz._n those_o holy_a man_n that_o sacrifice_v their_o life_n for_o the_o gospel_n those_o be_v the_o dead_a who_o the_o text_n speak_v of_o and_o hence_o he_o frame_v a_o second_o argument_n to_o prove_v the_o absurdity_n which_o will_v follow_v upon_o deny_v the_o resurrection_n then_o they_o also_o which_o be_v fall_v asleep_a in_o christ_n be_v perish_v to_o these_o very_a saint_n who_o be_v thus_o fall_v asleep_a who_o be_v the_o same_o with_o those_o mention_v in_o 1_o thess._n 4._o 14._o they_o which_o sleep_n in_o jesus_n and_o in_o v_o 16._o the_o dead_a in_o christ_n the_o bless_a martyr_n who_o die_v for_o christ_n sake_n to_o these_o my_o text_n have_v relation_n these_o be_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d those_o dead_a for_o who_o sake_n and_o because_o of_o who_o so_o many_o in_o the_o apostle_n day_n become_v convert_v and_o be_v baptise_a these_o martyr_n say_v he_o who_o be_v fall_v asleep_a in_o christ_n be_v perish_v if_o there_o be_v no_o resurrection_n they_o have_v utter_o undo_v themselves_o and_o other_o by_o lose_v their_o life_n for_o christ._n three_o he_o proceed_v to_o argue_v thus_o as_o those_o martyr_n be_v arrant_a fool_n and_o perish_v like_o such_o if_o there_o be_v no_o resurrection_n so_o we_o that_o survive_v be_v the_o wretchede_a creature_n upon_o earth_n if_o that_o be_v true_a if_o in_o this_o life_n only_o we_o have_v hope_n in_o christ_n we_o be_v of_o all_o man_n most_o miserable_a v_o 19_o but_o now_o be_v christ_n rise_v from_o the_o dead_a and_o become_v the_o first-fruit_n of_o they_o that_o sleep_v say_v the_o apostle_n triumphant_o in_o the_o next_o verse_n by_o this_o confident_a assumption_n he_o baffle_v the_o gainsayer_n and_o comfort_v the_o christian_a church_n but_o within_o two_o verse_n after_o he_o break_v off_o this_o argument_n which_o he_o have_v new_o resume_v and_o after_o a_o digression_n about_o the_o manner_n of_o the_o future_a resurrection_n and_o the_o final_a consummation_n of_o the_o world_n which_o reach_v from_o the_o 23._o v_o to_o the_o word_n of_o my_o text_n he_o fall_v into_o a_o fresh_a argument_n thus_o else_o what_o shall_v they_o do_v that_o be_v baptize_v for_o the_o dead_a if_o the_o dead_a rise_v not_o at_o all_o why_o be_v they_o also_o baptize_v for_o the_o dead_a the_o first_o word_n as_o we_o have_v it_o translate_v else_o imply_v that_o this_o verse_n refer_v to_o the_o immediate_o forego_v one_o or_o to_o some_o general_a conclusion_n before_o but_o if_o you_o examine_v both_o you_o will_v not_o find_v any_o connection_n between_o this_o and_o the_o immediate_o precede_v verse_n and_o indeed_o the_o syriack_n leave_v out_o this_o alioquin_fw-la or_o else_o as_o if_o the_o sentence_n be_v entire_a without_o it_o i_o conceive_v then_o that_o the_o greek_a word_n be_v not_o right_o translate_v here_o but_o that_o it_o ought_v to_o be_v render_v moreover_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d signify_v sometime_o so_o in_o the_o septuagint_v version_n as_o in_o 〈◊〉_d psalm_n 78._o 20._o and_o in_o profane_a author_n as_o in_o 2._o herodotus_n and_o publiccolâ_fw-la plutarch_n especial_o in_o this_o latter_a out_o of_o who_o many_o place_n may_v be_v produce_v wherein_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d be_v as_o much_o as_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d deinde_fw-la praeterea_fw-la and_o that_o be_v the_o import_n of_o the_o word_n in_o the_o text._n so_o then_o the_o apostle_n return_v here_o to_o his_o discourse_n about_o the_o resurrection_n and_o tender_v another_o