CXXI booke CAssius who had in commission from the Senate to pursue by force of armes Dolabella iudged an enemie to the commonweale being borne out by the authoritie and warrant of the State possessed himselfe of Syria and became maister of three armies which were in that province He besieged Dolabella within the citie of Laodicaea and did him to death C. Antonius was likewise taken prisoner and by commaundement from M. Brutus slaine Of the CXXII booke MArcus Brutus had but bad successe in fight against the Thracians After that all the provinces beyond-sea and the armies were under his hands and Caius Cassius they complotted both together at Smyrna what course to take for the future warre Publicola the brother of M. Messala they vanquished and yet by common consent they pardoned him Of the CXXIII booke SExtus Pompeius the sonne of Magnus assembled together out of Epirus a number of outlawes and banished persons and having a long time with this armie robbed only by way of piracie and setled as yet upon the possission of no peece upon the land first seized Messana a towne in Sicilie and afterwards the whole province And after that A. Pompeius Bithynicus the Pretour there was by Pompeie slaine he the said Pompeie in a battaile at sea vanquished Q. Salvidienus a lieutenant of Caesar. Caesar and Antonie with their armies sailed over into Greece with intent to wage warre against Brutus and Cassius Quintus Cornificius in Africke over came in plaine fight T. Sestius the captain of the Cassian faction Of the CXXIIII booke CAius Caesar together with Antonie fought at Philippi with variable fortune against Brutus and Cassius in such sort as the right points of both battailes had the better ech of them woon the others campe But the death of Cassius was it that turned the ballance made the difference who being in that point that reculed and went downe supposed that the whole armie and maine battaile was discomfited and so killed himselfe In another conflict afterwards M. Brutus also was overcome and there ended his life for hee intreated Strato that accompanied him in his flight to set his swords point toward him and so hee ran upon it The same did some fortie more of the principall Romanes among whom was Q. Hortensius likewise slaine Of the CXXV booke CAius Caesar left Antonie for to his share fell the empire of some provinces beyond-sea returned into Italie He divided lands among his old souldiours The mutinies of his owne armie by occasion that the souldiours were seduced by Fulvia the wife of M. Antonius and rose against their Generall be repressed with exceeding daunger and ieopardie L. Antonius the Consull and brother to M. Antonius by the ungracious counsell and persuasion of the said Fulvia made warre upon Caesar and having procured those nations to side and take part with him whose lands had bene made over and assigned to the old souldiours aforesaid and withall discomfited M. Lepidus who with an armie had the government and guard of the cittie entred perforce by way of hostilitie into Rome Of the CXXVI booke CAius Caesar when hee was but three and twentie yeeres of age besieged L. Antonius in the towne Perusia when he made sundrie offers to sallie out break forth he repelled chased him back yea and for very hunger forced him to yeeld and come under his obeysance As for Antonie himself and all his souldiours he pardoned but Perusia he rased and destroied Finally after hee had brought all the armies of the adverse side to submit and to stand to his mercie he finished the warre without effusion of any bloud Of the CXXVII booke THe Parthians under the conduct of Labienus who had taken part with Pompeie and that side invaded Syria evercame Didius Saxa the lieutenant of M. Antonius and held all that province to their owne use M. Antonius being sollicited by the instigation of his wife Fulvia to make war against Caesar put her away because she should be no let nor hinderance to the accord and agreement of the three rulers in their Triumvirate Then made hee a peace with Caesar and tooke to wife his sister Octavia Q. Salvidienus who complotted mischiefe against Caesar he detected and bewraied who being thereupon condemned wrought his owne death P. Ventidius a lieutenant under Antonius overcame the Parthians in battaile and chased them forth of Syria having before slaine their leader Labienus When as Sextus Pompeius held Sicilie and being a neere enemie and ill neighbour to Italie staied the transporting of corne and victuals by sea upon request Caesar and Antonie made peace with him for this consideration that he should governe Sicilie as his province Also herein are set forth the troubles and warres of Africke Of the CXXVIII booke VVHen Sext. Pompeius infested the sea againe with roverie and piracie and would not make good maintein that peace which he had accepted of Caesar he was forced upon necessitie to undertake war against him and in two navall battailes sought with doubtfull event L. Ventidius a lieutenant of M. Antonius vanquished the Parthians in Syria and slew their king The Iewes also were by Antonies lieutenant subdued Herein besides is set downe the preparation for the Sicilian warre Of the CXXIX booke SVndrie battailes were fought at sea against Sex Pompeius with variable issue so as of Caesars two fleets the one which was conducted by Agrippa got the better hand but the other led by Caesar himselfe had the overthrow and the souldiours being set a shore were in exceeding great daunger But afterwards Pompeius was defeated and thereupon fled into Sicilie Marcus Lepidus crossed the seas from out of Africke pretending to take part with Caesarin his warres to bee made against Sex Pompeius But when Caesar warred upon him also he was abandoned of his armie and being content to resigne up the honour and dignitie of the Triumvirat obteined life M. Agrippa was by Caesar rewarded with a navall crowne an honour to no man ever graunted before him Of the CXXX booke MArcus Antonius in his rioting time with Cleopatra entred into the province of Media with eighteen legions and sixteene thousand horsemen levied warre upon the Parthians and after he had lost two of his legions seeing nothing chieve well on his side he retired back But efisoons the Parthians followed him in chase whereupon in exceeding fearfull hast and great perill of the whole armie he returned into Armenia so as in 27 daies he fled three hundred myles About 8000 men hee lost by tempesteous weather But he was himselfe the occasion that he suffered these daungerous tempests over and besides the Parthian warre which unfortunately he enterprised because he would not winter in Armenia for hast he made to his love Cleopatra Of the CXXXI booke SEx Pompeius having once submitted whiles he was in the protection of M. Antonius went about to levie warre against him in Asia but by his lieutenants he was surprised and slain Caesar staied
and plainely foretold that it should be the cheese castle of the Empire and the capitall place of the whole world To this effect prophested the wisards as well they of the cittie as those whom they sent for out of Tuscane to know their opinion and iudgement Thus was the kings mind all wholly set upon sumptuous building and spared for no cost So that the pillage taken at Pometia which was laid by for the accomplishment of the whole worke would hard and seant serve for the very foundation And therfore I would rather give credite unto Fabias Pictor to say nothing that he is the more nuncient authour of the twaine that there were but 40 talents and no more than to Piso who writeth that there was 40000 pound weight of silver set by for that use Which summe of masse of mony could never be looked for to arise out of the saccage of one only citie in those daies must needs exceed the charges of the foundation of any of these stately and magnificent buildings in this our age The king being thus wholly minded and bent to the finishing of the temple and sending for Carpenters Masons and other workemen out of all parts of Tuscane emploited not only the citties monie and stocke thereabout but also had the worke and labour of the common people withall Which was no small toile of theirs considering the travell of warfare besides yet were they lesse agreeved and discontented therewith so long as they founded and reared with their owne hands the temples of the immortall gods But afterwards were they emploied and set to other works which as they were lesse in shew so were they more painfull of greater trouble namely the making of scaffolds of standing places in the Cirque of Theatre and to the conueiance of a mightie great sinke or vault under the ground for to receive and carrie away all the silth and corruption of the citie To which two peeces of worke scarcely is the magnificence of our new modern buildings in any respect comparable Having in this wise held the commons in continuall labour because hee thought that a multitude of a people would but overcharge and pester the cittie when they were not emploied some way or other and also minded by erecting Colonies to inlarge the confines of his dominions he therefore sent part of them to inhabite and people Signia and Circeij two strong forts and frontier townes for the defence of the cittie by sea and land Whilest he was busied in these affaires there appeared unto him a strange and fearefull sight namely a serpent gliding downe a pillar of wood which having put the beholders in great fright and caused them to slie into the kings pallace did not so much amase the kings heart with suddaine and momentanie seare for the present as fill his head with perplexed cares what the thing might portend Whereas therefore the manner was to use the Calchars and wise men of Tuscane about publicke prodigious tokens onely he being much troubled in spirit and terrified at this fearfull sight being domesticall and as it were touching and concerning his own person purposed to send out as far as Delphi to the most famous and renowned Oracle in the world And for that the durst not put any other in trust with the answered that should be delivered by the fatall lots he addressed two of his sonnes to take a voiage through vnknown lands in those daies and more unknowen seas into Greece Titus and Aruns were they that went this journie having to beare them companie all the way L. Iunius Brutus This Brutus was the sonne of Tarquinia the kings sister a yoong gentleman of a farre other nature and disposition than he seemed in outward shew and semblance He hauing heard say that certain principall citizens and his own brother among had been by this his uncle put to death to the intent that himselfe might have nothing left eyther in the parts of his mind for the king to feare or in his outward state for him to couet and desire resolved under the cloake of base contempt to save himselfe since that in right or justice he might repose small or no safegard at all And therfore composing and framing himselfe of purpose to counterfeit a noddie and a verie innocent as suffering himselfe and all that he had to fall into the kings hands as an eschear he refused not to be misnamed Brutus a name appropriate to unreasonable creatures that under the shadow and colour of that surname that courage of his lying close hid which should one day set free the citie of Rome might abide the full time and appeare in due season This Brutus beeing by the Tarquines brought to Delphi as their laughing stock to make them pastime by the way rather than a meet mate to accompany them caried with him as men say for to offer and present unto Apollo a golden rod within a staffe of cornell wood made hollow for the purpose the very type and resemblance by secret circumstances of his naturall disposition Thither beeing arrived the yong men having done their fathers commission accordingly were very desirous and earnest to inquire and learne of the Oracle which of them should be king of Rome And from the bottome of the deepe vault this answere as men say was deliuered in their hearing WHICH OF YOU O YONG MEN SHAL FIRST KISSE YOUR MOTHER HE SHAL BEAR CHIEFE AND SOVERAIGNE RVLE IN ROME The Tarquines then intending that Sextus their brother who was left behind at Rome might neither know the answer nor yet obtaine the kingdome willed the matter should by all possible means be carried so secret as might be concealed from him They themselues agreed upon this together to draw lots whether of them twaine when they were returned to Rome should first kisse his mother But Brutos supposing the speech of Apollo his priest tended to another sence made as though he stumbled forward and took a fall and so touched the ground with his mouth and kissed the earth thinking this with himselfe that she was common mother of all mortall men Then returned they to Rome Where they found great preparations for warre against the Rutilians The Rutilians then were lords of Ardea A people on those parts and for those times very rich and wealthie and that was it that gave the very occasion and was the first motive of warre The Romane king was desirious both to enrich himselfe as having about the sumptuous building of publicke works emptied his coffers and also by some spoile to mollifie win againe the hearts of his naturall all subjects being much discontented besides their generall mislike of his pride otherwise at this maner of government and disdaining greatly that they were by the king made labourers to serue carpenters and masons and held so long to servile toile and painefull labour The Romanes assaied at the beginning to surprise and win Ardea by assault but
the fortune of a battell Aâ— those three gates that stood toward the enemie he raunged his forces devided into three battaillons gave order that all the cariages should follow after and that the lackies launders other camp-followers together with the feeble and sickly persons should carie stakes and pales for the rampier At the middle gate he placed the flour strength of the legions together with the Romane Cavallerie at the two gates of either hand he bestowed the new souldiours the light armour and the auxiliarie horsemen of allies The Nolanes were by streight commaundement forbidden to approch the gates or the wals As for the baggage carriages the ordinarie guard was appointed to attend thereupon for feare least while the Legions were busie in fight there should bee some assault made upon them In this order and array marshalled they were within the gates Anniball who likewise readie arraunged stood with banner displaied as hee had done for certaine daies together untill it was well toward noone first wondered at it that neither the Romane armie issued out of the gates nor any souldiours appeared upon the wals supposing afterwards that their usuall complors and conventicles were discovered and revealed and that for very feare they kept within and sat still sent backe part of his souldiours into the campe with commaundement in all speed to bring abroad into the open field before the vaunt guard all the ordinance and artillerie for to batter the cittie walls with assured confidence that if hee came hotely upon them and gave an assault whiles they thus lingered and issued not forth the Commons would make some tumult and stirre within the cittie But anon as every man was busily occupied running to and fro in hast about his owne charge before the vaunt guard and forefront of his battaile even at the point when hee advaunced forward to the walls all upon suddaine a gate was set open and Marcellus caused the trumpets to sound the al'arme and the souldiours to set up a shout commaunding the footmen first and then the horse to sallie out and with all the might and force they could to charge upon the enemie Soone had they terrified their main battell sufficiently made disorder there when at the two gates of each side P. Valerius Flaccus and Caius Aurelius two Lieutenants generall issued forth upon their flanckes and wings The horse-boies skullions and the other multitude abovesaid which was set to guard the carriages arose up and made a new outcrie shouted so as to the Carthaginians who contemned them before for their small number especially they represented all at once a shew of a mightie armie I dare not avouch that which some Authours sticke not to write that of enemies were slaine in this medley 2300 and that the Romanes lost but one onely man But what victory soever it was either so great or smaller surely a doubtie peece of service was that day atcheeved and I wot not whether I may truly say of the greatest consequence that any ever was during the time of that warre For as the time was then it was a greater matter for the Romanes albeit they were the conquerors not to be vanquished of Anniball than it was afterwards to vanquish him Anniball disappointed of his hope to win Nola retired to Acerre And Marcellus immediately having shut the gates and placed the guards and warders to keepe the same that no man might goe forth sat judicially in the market place to examine those that had used secret conference and parling with the enemies finding above seventie guiltie of this action pronounced sentence of death upon them as in case of treason Those he cut shorter by the head commaunded their goods to be confiscate And thus leaving the governement of the cittie to the Senat thereof he departed with all his forces and above Suessula encamped himselfe and there abode Anniball being come before Acerre first summoned the cittie to surrender voluntarily and without constraint but seeing them obstinate and not willing to relent he made preparation to lay siege unto the towne and to assault it But the Acerranes had better heart and courage than might and strength to resist him Therefore when they saw themselves like to bee entrenched all about and were past hope to defend and keepe the towne before the enemies had brought all ends of their trenches and sconces together they got between the trenches rampiers where they were not finished and stood not close together in the dead time of the night and escaped through the sentinels and watches that were slenderly looked unto and as well as they could making shift through by waies and blind lanes over hedge ditch as either their wits guided them or their feare carried them recovered those citties of Campania which they knew for certaine were not revolted but persisted true and fast unto the Romanes Anniball after he had put Acerra to the sacke and set it on fire having intelligence that the Romane Dictatour and the Legions were received at Casilinum and fearing least while the enemie lay so neere encamped some should have recourse also into Capua led his armie to Casilinum At the same time Preneste was held by 500 Prenestines with a few Romans and Latines who upon the newes of the overthrow at Cannae were retired thither These Prenestines by occasion that they were not levied and mustered at Preneste by the day appointed set out from thence somewhat too late and were come as farre as Casilinum before the rumour was bruited of the defeature before Cannae where they joined themselves with other Romanes and Confederates set forward from Casilinum and marched together with a good great companie but meeting by the way with the tidings of that unfortunat field turned back again to Casilinum And after they had spent certain daies there as well fearing the Campanes as suspected of them againe for they devised on both sides how to entrap one another and how to avoid each others trains having received also certain intelligence That in Capua there was treating about a revolt and that Anniball was there received they in one night set upon the townesmen of Casilinum killed them and got that part of the cittie which is on this side Vulturnus a river that runneth through it and devideth it into two parts and kept it still Their number was well encreased by the comming of a cohort of foure hundred and sixtie Perusines who likewise were driven to Casilinum by the same report and news which a few daies before had turned the Prenestines thither And surely there was sufficient almost of armed souldiers to man defend the wals of that part being of so small a circuit as they were considering the towne was flanked on the one side with the river And againe for the proportion of corne whereof they had small store they were men but too many Anniball being now not farre from thence sent before him the
supplications Every mans dore was set open and they feasted and made good cheare generally through the citie in the open street and a high holliday this was solemnised with all kind of ceremonies that could be devised But to returne againe to Anniball who was about Tarentum and both Consuls remaining in Samnium but readie as it seemed to besiege Capua it fell out that the Campanes alreadie were distressed with hunger and famine a calamitie that usually followeth long and continuall siege and the reason was because the armies of the Romanes had impeached and hindred their seednesse Therefore they dispatched Embassadors to Anniball beseeching him that he would take order for graine to be brought into Capua from all parts neere adjoining before that the Consuls were come abroad with their legions into their territorie and all the waies beset and passages stopped by the guards and companies of the enemies Whereupon Anniball gave direction to Hanno that he should remove out of the countrie of the Brutij and passe over with his forces into Campania and endevourso that the Campanes might bee provided of sufficient store of corne Then Hanno dislodged anone and departed with all his power out of the Brutians countrey purposing to avoid the leaguer of his enemies and namely the Consuls who lay in Samnium and when he approached neere to Beneventum hee pitched his tents three miles from the citie it selfe upon a high ground After which he commaunded that the corne should be brought to him into his campe out of all the associate and confederate cities thereabout into which it had been caried in the summer afore allowed a good guard for the safe convoy thereof After this he sent a messenger to Capua to give them notice upon what day they should attend and be in readinesse to receive their corne and against the time provide out of the countrey for the cariage carts waines and draught-beasts and packehorses of all sorts But the Campanes like as they caried themselves in all things else idlie and negligently so in this they were very flacke and retchlesse for they sent little above fortie carres and some few beasts for cariage besides For which they had a checke given them and were rebuked by Hanno because that hunger which causeth the very dumbe beast to bestirre it selfe and make hard shifts was not able to pricke them forward to be more carefull about their owne businesse So there was a farther day appointed for to fetch their corne and to come more furnished and better provided for cariage All this being reported to the men of Beneventum with the circumstances and particulars as it was they addressed with all speed ten Embassadours to the Romane Consuls encamped then about Bovianum Vpon which intelligence given of the affaires at Capua they tooke order and agreed betweene themselves that one of them should conduct an armie into Campania And Fulvius who undertooke that charge marched by night to Beneventum and put himselfe within the walls of the towne And there he was advertised by them that dwelt neer hand That Hanno was gone out with part of his forces for to purvey corne that there were 2000 carts come with a rude and disorderly multitude besides of people without armor that all that they did was in hurrie in hast and great feare and finally that the camp was out of forme and fashion and all good militarie order cleane gone by reason of a rable and multitude of countrey clownes come out of those quarters and entermingled amongst them The Consull I say being enformed forcertaine by credible persons of these things gave his souldiours warning to make readie against the next night ensuing nothing but their ensigns weapons for that they were to charge upon the campe of the Carthaginians And so they set forward at the releese of the fourth watch leaving their packes and trusses with all their bag and baggage behind them at Beneventum and presenting themselves before the campe somewhat before day they put them into such a bodily feare and so terrified them that if it had beene pitched upon a plaine ground no doubt it had been woon at the first assault But the height of the place and their rampiers and fortifications besides which could not possiblie bee entered upon without climing upon the steepe hill with much difficultie were a defence unto it By day light there was a lustie assault given and a hot skirmish begun but the Carthaginians not onely defended and kept their rampier but also as having the vauntage of the ground they chased and thrust the enemies backe as they mounted up the hill Howbeit resolute hardinesse overcame all hardnesse and difficulties whatsoever For in diverse places at once they advaunced as farre as the banckes and trenches but it cost bloudie blowes first and the death of many a souldiour The Consull therefore calling the Coronels and Marshals together said it were not amisse to give over that rash and headie attempt and as he thought it were the safer course for that day to retire the armie to Beneventum and on the morrow to encampe themselves afront the enemie to the end that neither the Campanes might get foorth nor Hanno returne and enter into the towne againe And that this might bee the sooner effected and with a great deale more ease hee would send for his Colleague also with his armie and both of them jointly bend their forces that way But these devises of the captaine generall were soone dasht For as he was about to found the retreat the souldiers with a loud voyce cryed out that they could not away with such faint captaines they skorned to be commaunded in so cold and slothfull service they would none of that and so put the Consull out of his hent It hapned that next unto the gate entring into the enemies campe there served a cohort or companie of the Peligni led by Captaine Vibius who caught the banner out of the bearer his hand and flung it over the rampier and with that fell to cursing himselfe and his companie both wishing a plague light upon him and them to if the enemies went away with that banner and therewith led himselfe the way and brake first through the trench and over the pallaisado into their campe Now by this time the Peligni fought within the rampier and then Valerius Flaccus a Coronell of the third legion from another side fell to upbraid the Romanes and hit him in the teeth with their beastly cowardise for suffering their allies to have the honor of entring taking the camp Whereupon T. Pedanius a centurion of the regiment called Principes and serving in the first place thereof took likewise an ensigne from him that caried it and withall Now shall quoth he this ensigne and this Centinere meaning himselfe presently be within the rampier of the enemies let me see who dare follow and save it from being taken by the enemie At first his owne band and companie followed him
Aulus Manlius two Colonels also L. Arennius and M. Aulius two captaines of the allies Some authors have set down in writing that Marcellus the Cos. sacrificed that day and when the first beast was killed the liver was found without an head howbeit in the second all things appeared that were wont to be seen But in the head of that liver there shewed I wot not how a kind of extraordinarie excâ—escence which the Soothsaier had no liking to because after those inwards which seemed before short unperfect misliking now those againe were seen too well fed and overgrowne But the Consull Marcellus was so hote and desirous to fight with Anniball that he thought himselfe never encamped neere enough unto him And even then also as he went forth out of the campe he gave order to his souldiours to be readie at a short warning have their eie upon the place that presently if he liked the hill for which they went to view they should dislodge trusse up bag and baggage follow presently Now there was a litle flat and plaine ground before the camp from whence the way that led unto the said hill was on every side very open and evident to the eye where there lay a skout or spie set of purpose to discover any of the enemies gone farre from the camp stragling ranging abroad either for fewell or forage that they might be intercepted not for any hope of so great effect as fell out This fellow gave a signe unto the Numidians that all at once they should arise out of their lurking and starting holes And they that from the top and ridge of the hill were to rise and shew themselves affront never appeared made head before that they had fet a compasse about for to shut up the passage at the back of the Romans And then from all parts they began to start up and with a maine shout charged and ran upon them The Consuls now were in that valley from whence they neither could possibly get up to the pitch of the hill possessed aforehand by the enemie nor had any place of safe retreat behind for that they were invironned and hemmed in on every side Howbeit they might have mainteined skirmish and held out a good while but that the Tuskanes began to run away and put all the rest in a bodily fright Yet the Fregellanes forsaken as they were of the Tuskanes gave not over but fought manfully so long as the Consuls stood on foot unhurt and received the charge of the enemies encouraging their people and fighting themselves right valiantly But when they saw once both their Consuls wounded and Marcellus also run through with the push of a lance and falling from his horse redie to die then they also and few of them God wot remained alive togither with the Consull Crispinus who was wounded with two javelines and young Marcellus who was himselfe also sore hurt fled away and escaped There were slain in this skirmish A. Manlius a Colonell of the two captaines of allies M. Aulus was killed out-right and L. Arenius taken prisoner As for the Lictours belonging to the Consuls five of them then fell alive into the hands of the enemies the rest were put to the sword or escaped with the Consull So there were three and fortie horsemen died either in the conflict or in the flight and eighteen taken prisoners In the campe there was much ado and crying out for to go and succor the Consuls when they saw one of them and the other his sonne grievously hurt and the poore remnant of that unfortunate expedition comming toward the campe The death of Marcellus was much pittied and lamented in many other respects but for this especially that he a man of that age for he was now above threescore years old and who should have had more wit an old captaine leader I say that should have had more wisedome forecast so unadvisedly had brought both his colleague togither with himselfe and also in manner the whole common-wealth into so desperat a daunger I should make much circumstance and fetch many turnes and compasses about one point if I would rehearse all that writers have diversly set downe as touching the death of Marcellus But to let all others go L. Caelius delivereth the thing three manner of waies the one by hearesay onely and a generall report the other extant in an Oration of the praise of Marcellus penned by his owne sonne that was himselfe present at the action the third which Caelius himselfe alleadgeth upon his owne knowledge and after diligent enquirie into the matter But howsoever the voice and fame varieth in some circumstances most of them jump in the occasion That he went forth of the camp to view the place and all agree of the event That he was entrapped and so slaine Anniball supposing that the enemies were mightily terrified as well by the death of the one Consull as the hurt of the other because he would take all advantage omit no good opportunitie offered forthwith removeth his campe and pitcheth upon the very hill where hee had fought There hee found the corps of Marcellus and caused it to be enterred Crispinus affrighted both at the death of his companion in governement and also at his own hurt received dislodged in the dead time of the night following and in the very next mountains that he could come unto encamped and fortified himselfe upon an high ground and surely fensed on every side There the two Generals of both parts beat their braines and occupied all their wits contriving the one to lay traines and the other to avoid them Anniball together with the bodie of Marcellus had gotten his ring or signe manuell Crispinus fearing that Anniball might practise some craftie fetch and beguile some bodie by the meanes of that signet sent messengers to all the cities next adjoining giving them notice that his brother Consull was slaine and that the enemie had gotten his seale ring and warning them that they should give no credite to any letters written in his name or signed with his seale This message was not so soon brought to Salapia but streight after there came letters thither from Anniball framed endited in the name of Marcellus to this effect That he would the next night that immediately followed that present day be in person at Salapia willing the garrison soldiors to bee in readinesse for to bee emploied in some service that should be thought needfull The Salapians perceived whereabout he went and supposing that it was a perrillous plot whereby Anniball sought some opportunitie to bee revenged of them and to punish them for anger not onely that they were revolted from him but because they had killed his horsemen they therefore sending the messenger backe againe who was a Romane fugitive and renegate and had fled from them to Anniball to the end that their souldiors might effect that which they were minded to doe without the knowledge of
Ponant or Westerne sea reacheth through Aetolia to the Levant or Easterly Ocean and is so full of rocks rough crags betweene that no whole armies no nor so much as single travailers lightly appointed can find but hardly and with much adoe the waies and paths to passe through the utmost browes and the hils of this mountain bending toward the East they call Oeta and the highest pitch knap therof is called Callidromos at the foot whereof lyeth the vally leading toward the gulfe of Mallea wherein the plaine is not above threescore paces broad And this is the only high and port-way by which an armie may march if it be not otherwise empeached And hereupon it is that the passage is called * Pylae and of some because there are found therein certaine naturall hote waters of baines Thermopylae even that verie place which is so famous and renowmed for the memorable death of the Lacedaemonians more than for any worthie battaile against the Persians Here lay encamped Antiochus at this present carrying nothing that mind nor resolution as those Lacedaemonians did within the gates as it were of the streights where he enclosed and stopped the passage besides with strong defences And when he had cast a double rampire and trench yea and raised a mure and wall where need was which to doe the place affoorded him great plentie of stone lying every where and had made all sure presuming confidently that the Romane armie would never venture nor be able to breake through those barricadoes that way he sent of those four thousand Aetolians for so many were met togither some to keepe a garrison in Heraclea situate even before the very gullet and streight and others to Hypata for that he made no doubt but the Consull would assaile Heraclea and many posts brought word that all about Hypata was alreadie wasted Now the Consull having spoiled the territorie of Hypata first and then of Heraclea where the Aetolian aids did no good and served to no purpose in the one place or the other pitched his campe over-against the king even in the verie mouth of the gullet neere the fountaines of the hot waters aforesaid both those regiments abovenamed of the Aetolians wer gotten within the towne Heraclea and there kept themselves sure Antiochus who before he saw his enemies thought all was fast enough and sufficiently fensed began then to feare least the Romane souldiours would find out some privie pathes and waies wherby they might passe and get over those high hils that commaunded his campe for a rumour ran that the Lacedaemonians in times past were so enclosed by the Persians and of late daies also king Philip was likewise compassed and environed by these very same Romans Whereupon he dispatched a messenger to the Aetolians in Heraclea willing them to doe him thus much service yet in these his warres as to seize the tops of those hills and to keepe them that the Romanes might have no passage that way Vpon this message received there arose some dissention among the Aetolians Some were of mind to obey the king his will and commaundement and to goe accordingly but others thought better to tarrie Hill at Heraclea to attend upon fortune and see what would happen to the end that if the king should chaunce to be vanquished by the Consull they might have in readinesse their forces fresh and in heart to succour and aid their owne cities neere at hand or if his lucke were to defeat the Consull then they might follow the Romanes in chase when they were disbanded and scattered asunder Both parts thus divided as they were not onely persisted still in their severall designments but also put the same in execution by themselves For two thousand of them remained at Heraclea the other two thousand parted themselves three waies namely to Callidromus to Rhoduntia and Tichius these are the names of three principall high hills and each companie tooke and held one The Consull when hee saw that the Aetolians were possessed of these higher places sent M. Porcius Cato and L. Valerius Flaccus two of his lieutenants who both had beene Consuls with two thousand chosen men against these holds of the Aetolians to wit Flaccus against Rhoduntia and Tichius and Cato against Callidromus himselfe before that hee advaunced his battaile against his enemies made a briefe speech unto his souldiers in this manner My souldiours I see that the most part of you even of everie qualitie and degree are they that in this very province somtime served under the conduct charge and governance of T. Iuintius in the Macedonian war The streights of that passage then neere the river Aous were far more difficult to gaine and get over than this is for here are verie gates yea and one naturall way as it were to passe through as if all els were stopped up between two seas There were more stronger defences and skonces against them at that time and those planted in places more convenient and commodious The armie of the enemies then was both for number greater for men and soldiers much better for therein were the Macedonians the Thracians and the Illyrians all most fierce and warrelike nations in this are Syrians and Asiatike Greekes or halfe Asians the vainest kind of people of all others borne to serve The king there namely Philip a most noble warriour exercised and inured ever from his youth in the neighbour-wars of the Thracians and Illyrians and all the nations bordering upon him but this Antiochus to say nothing of all his life besides is he who being come out of Asia into Europe for to make war upon the people of Rome hath done all the long winter time nothing more memorable than this That for to please his wanton lust hee hath taken to wife the daughter of a privat person a man I say of low degree base qualitie among other citizens and this new married man fed fat and franked as I may so say with daintie suppers and delicate bride bankets is come forth forsooth to fight a battaile His whole strength and all his hope hath beene in the Aetolians a people of all others most vaine unconstant and unthankfull as yee have tryed heretofore and Antiochus findeth true at this present For neither assembled they in great number nor possible was it to keepe them togither in the campe nay which more is they mutine among themselves and having demaunded and required the guard of Hypata and Heraclea they have defended neither the one nor the other Some of them are fled to the tops of the mountaines others have shut themselves within Heraclea The king himself hath confessed plainly that he was never so hardie as to meet in plaine field and affront the enemie no nor so much as to pitch his campe in open ground in that abandoning all that countrie before him which hee vaunted and bragged that hee had taken from us and Philip hee hath hidden himselfe among the rockes Hee hath
condition To as many as had beene tributaries to king Antiochus and yet sided with the people of Rome in affection they graunted franchise and immunitie but as many as tooke part with Antiochus or were tributaries unto king Attalus those were commaunded to pay their customes and duties to king Eumenes Moreover they freed and exempted from all taske and tallage expressely by name the Colophomans inhabiting Notium together with the Cymeans and the Milesians Vnto the Clazonemians over and besides the same freedome they ga ve the Iland Drymusa To the Mislesians also the territorie called Sacer to the Ilians they annexed Rhaeteum and Gergithus not so much for any fresh and late deserts as in memoriall of their auncient beginning and foundation which was the cause also that they set Dardanus free Semblably the Chians Smyrneans and Erythraeans for their singular loyaltie and devoir which they shewed in that warre they not only indued with faire lands and territories but also graced with all kind of honour and reputation above the rest Moreover the Phocaeans had both their owne lands restored unto them which they enioyed before the war and also libertie to live under their auncient lawes As for the Rhodians they had those things now confirmed and established unto them which by a former decree were granted and to better their estate Lycia and Caria were bestowed upon them as farre as the river Maeander all save the citie Telmessus Vnto the dominion of king Eumenes they laid Chersonesus in Europe and Lysimachia with all the castles villages and lands thereto belonging in as large tearmes and ample manner as Antiochus held the same also within Asia the one and the other Phrygia as well that which consineth upon Hellespont as the other which they call the Greater Moreover they restored unto him Mysia which king Prusias had taken from him over and besides Lycaonia Mylias and Lydia together with these cities by special name Tralleis Ephesus and Telmessus As touching Pamphylia some debate there was betweene the agents of Eumenes and the Embassadors for Antiochus because one part thereof is situate on this side the mount Taurus and the other lyeth beyond The decision of this controversie was wholly referred to the arbitrement of the Senate Manlius having set downe these covenants and decrees departed with the ten Legates and all his armie toward Hellespont and when he had caused the princes of the Gau les thither to repaire before him he declared unto them in what tearmes under what conditions they should entertaine peace with Eumenes and therwith he gave them warning to leave their manner of roding and roving in hostile wise by force of armes and to containe themselves within the precints and bounds of their owne territories After this having gathered into one-place all the vessels from the sea coasts together with the entire flore of king Eumenes which by his brother Achaeneus was brought from Elea he transported all his forces into Europe From whence hee marched through Chersonnesus by short and easie journies because his armie was heavily charged with prises and booties of all sorts and encamped at Lysimachia purposing there to rest a while to the end that his travelling beast of draught and cariage might be fresh and in good heart to passe through Thracia which was a voiage and journey commonly feared and abhorred The same day that he dislodged from Lysimachia he came to the river which they cal Melas from thence the next day to Cypsela When they were past Cypsela they had for ten miles almost no other way but through wild woods narrow streights and those rough withall and uneven underfoot For the difficultie of which passage the armie was devided into two parts The one hee commaunded to march before the other to come behind in the rereward a great distance after and in the middest betweene he bestowed the carriages with bag and baggage amongst them were waggons and waines loden with the publicke treasure and other pillage of great price As he thus marched through the streight passe there were about ten thousand and not above raised out of foure nations of Asia to wit the Astians Caenians Maduarenes and Coeleres who be set the streights to debarre them of passage It was supposed that king Philip of Macedonie his hand was herein and that they entred not into this action without his privitie and fraudulent practise who as he knew that the Romanes could returne no other way but by Thracia so he was ware and wist well ynough what a masse of money they carried with them The Romane Generall himselfe was in the vaward careful only troubled aboutthe difficultie of the way All this while the Thracians sat still and stirred not until the armed souldiours were passed by But when they perceived once that the vauntguard was gotten out of the streights and that the rereward was farre ynough behind they fel in hand with the packes and coffers of the carriages and after they had killed the guards some of them ransacked and risted that which was in the waggons others led away the packe horses and other sumpter beasts with their lode and burden on their backes Hereupon arose a crie and alarme and was first heard of those that followed but afterwards of them also in the foreward and so from both ends they ran to the middest and at one time in diverse places skirmished without all order confusedly The Thracians heavily charged and encombered with pillage and most of them without any weapon at all because they might have the use of their hands more nimble and deliver to snatch and catch unto them their prises were by this meanes more exposed to receive hurt and soone killed The Romanes againe were much distressed and annoied through the disadvantage of the ground and the waies which the barbarous people were well ynough acquainted with and out of them would issue forth to encounter and otherwhiles lurke within hollow blind caves and not bee seene The very packes likewise and the waggons standing and lying untowardly in the way sometime of one and sometime of other as it happened troubled and hindered their much in their fight So as here in one place lay the theese dead there in another the true man that pursued him And according as the plot of ground was good or bad as well for the one sort as the other as their hearts and courages served or failed them and as the number was more or lesse so the medley and fight was variable and in one word of both sides many a man lay in the dust and lost his life By which time the might approched and the Thracians departed out of the conflict not so much to avoid wounds and for feare of death as for that they had sped themselves sufficiently of prizes The Romance vaward encamped without the forrest in the open ground about the temple of Bendis The rereward remained still behind in the middlest of the woods
be caried away with rumors brutes of the common sort it is not possible for any thing to go well forward and come to good effect For his own part according to the dutie and devoir of a captain Generall he would endeavor provide to give them the occasion and opportunitie of brave exploits as for them they were not to enquire after any future thing but so soon as the signall is given then every man to performe the service of a doubtie soldior and valiant warrior After these good precepts and instructions he dismissed the assembly and the old souldiors themselves confessed commonly in plaine tearms that they had taken forth a lesson that day as yong and raw novices yea and learned in militarie profession that which they never knew before neither shewed they only by these and such like words with what consent and generall liking they heard the Consull his speech but also testified the same by present deed and visible effect For immediately you should not have seene over all the campe one man idle and doing nothing some fell to whet and sharpen their swords others surbushed their headpeeces busses and beavers some skoured their shields and bucklers others their cuiraces and corslets some fitted and buckled their harnesse to their bodies and tried how they could bestine their limmes and rule their joints under it some shooke their pikes and couched their javelins others brandished their swords and lookt that they were sharpe at point So as a man might easily perceive by them that upon the first occasion presented of encounter with the enemie they would enter into conflict either to atchieve a brave victorie or to die an honourable death Perseus also on the other side perceiving that upon the arrivall of the Consull and the beginning of the spring togither the Romane camp refounded and rung again with their stirring and rustling of armour as if there had beene some new warre toward that they were dislodged from Phylla and encamped upon the banke just over against him and that now their leader and commaunder rode up and downe to view and behold his fortifications and workes to spie no doubt some way or other for passage ********* This encouraged the Romans hearts and daunted not a litle the Macedonians and their king At the first Perseus endeavoured to suppresse secretly and stop the bruit and same thereof by sending out certein of purpose to Pantaucus as he came from thence to forbid him in anywise to approach the campe But by this time were certein children seen brought by their owne parents among the Illyrian hostages and looke how much more carefull order was taken to conceale al so much the sooner was every thing set abroad and blurted out by the prattle and babble of the kings servitours attending about his person About the same time the Rhodian embassadors came into the Romane campe with the very same charge and commission as touching peace which at Rome had set the LL. of the Senat in exceeding heat and choller but farre worse audience had they in the councell of the camp and with greater discontentment And therefore when some advised that they should be thrust out by head and shoulders without any answer at all the Consul pronounced That he would shape them an answere after fifteene daies and not before Meane while that it might appeare what a goodly reckoning was made of these Rhodian peace makers who came about a pacification he began in steed therof to debate in councell as concerning the means and maner of making war Some were of opinion and principally the elders and auncients to give the assault and force the munitions and defences planted upon the bank of the river Enipeus for that the Macedonians were never able to resist if they came upon them lustily and charged them by thicke troups for why no longer ago say they than the yeer before disseized they had ben of so many holds both higher and better fortified and the same holden with strong garisons Others were of mind that Octavius the admirall should with the fleet saile to Thessalonica and by laying wast the maritime coasts to cut off and weaken the kings forces to the end that upon another warre shewed from behind at their backes the K. might be withdrawen and trained about to defend the heart of his realme and thereby forced in some sort to open and lay naked the passage over the river Enipeus And Octavius himselfe was of this judgement that the banke as well by the naturall site thereof as for the sconses made upon it by mans hand was unsuperable and not to be gained and besides the engins planted every where thereupon hee heard say that the enemies had the slight and skill to discharge all kind of shot farre better and shoot more dead sure but the intention of the Generall Aemylius was wholly bent another way and after he had dissolved the assembly of his councell he called unto him two merchants of the Perrhaebians namely Schanus and Menophilus men of approoved fidelitie and wisdome and of them in great secret enquired What kind of passages there wereover into Perrhaebia when they answered That the wayes were nothing difficult and daungerous but ' onely that they were kept and beset by the kings guards he conceived some hope that if he assailed them by night with a valiant companie and tooke them sodainly at unawares before they looked for him hee might chase those garrisons from their holds for darts arrowes and all other shot served to little or no purpose in the darke when a man cannot see his marke a farre off before him but close sword-fight hand to hand pell mell was it that must doe the deed wherein the Romane souldior had no fellow Minding therefore to use those two as guides he sent for Octavius the Pretour and when he had declared unto him the effect of his designment he commaunded him to saile with his fleet to Heraclea and to have with him victuals baked and dressed to serve a thousand souldiours ten daies Himselfe sent out P. Scipio Nasica and Q. Fabius Maximus his owne sonne with five thousand select souldiors to Heraclea as if they were to be embarked for to wast the maritime coast of Macedonie lying farre within the countrey according as it had been before debated in councell and secretly under-hand they were given to wit that there were viands and victuals in the fleet prepared for them to the end that nothing should stay their expedition Then the guides who were to conduct them in their way had commaundement so to cast their gifts and journies that by three of the clocke in the morning the third day they might assaile Pythoum Himselfe in his owne person the next morrow with intent to amuse the king and keepe him from all regard of other enterprises earely by the breake of day began to skirmish with the enemies guards in the very mids of the channell and place of the current
Verrius for in the time of Paule the third Pope of Rome the fragments of the said stones were digged out of the ground betweene the Roman Forum and the broad street Via Sacra brought forth also laid abroad in the capitol to the view of the world To which as the true touch-stone certain learned men of late daies have laid to their owne labours in that kind namely Bartholomew Marliau of Millaine Onuphrius Panvinius of Verona Charles Sigonius of Modena and Francis Robortellus of Vdine comparing the same as also the annales gathered by Henry Glareanus before time with the foresaid antiquities of Verrius late found have recovered much light to the his torie of Livie and supplied his wants in that behalfe I thought it not amisse therefore to gratifie my countriemen in some measure this way also and deliver the same in English which I found annexed to the best editions in Latine as followeth A CHRONOLOGIE TO THE HISTORIE OF T. LIVIVS COMPILED ACCORDING TO THE TABLES AND RECORDS OF VERRIVS FLACCVS IN THE CAPITOLL AND SET OUT VVITH MOST PROFITABLE notes shewing the varietie and disagreement of Authors about the names of the Romane Consuls The causes of dissent and repugnance in Historiographers as touching the computation and relating of the yeeres from the foundation of the citie of Rome SInce wee entend to setfoorth a Kalender or Register of the Consuls mentioned in the historie of Livius which by reason of uncerteintie obscuritie and discordance of the times is so darke and intricate that not onely the learned and most experienced Historians of our age but the best writers of the Romane storie in auncient time estsoones complained thereof we thinke it not impertinent to our purpose briefely to search into the causes of this dissent which beeing once knowne wee may follow that account of the times which seemeth to accord best with the historicall truth and to be grounded upon the authoritie and testimonie of the most authenticall and approoved writers For seeing that an historie as Cicero hath most truly said is the witnesse of times what is more unfitting for it than to misse and want that which is the chiefest point therein and without due and diligent reckoning made to be ignorant what was first and what was last done It seemeth therefore that of this diversitie in the account and computation of the Romane Consuls there be three especiall causes The first is for that the yeere in which the first Consuls entred into that magistracie is by the Romane Historiographers not after one sort but diversly set downe For Dionysius a most diligent writer of the acts of Romans in his first booke in the end of the fourth and beginning of the fifth reporteth that the KK reigned 244 yeeres which also is collected out of the yeerely computation gathered by Varro and approoved by the authoritie of others For Messala reporteth how upon the expulsion of the KK which hapned in the 244 yeer after the foundation of the citie the Romans were ruled under the yeerly government of Consuls To which opinion Livie also subscribeth in the end of his first booke saying that the regiment of KK continued 244 yeeres from the foundation of the citie unto the freedome and libertie thereof But Eutropius in his 1 booke writeth that the seven Kings reigned in Rome 243 yeers which account agreeth with Sex Ruffus in his abridgement In which varietie this is to be observed that these two last named reckon the yeeres onely of every kings raigne and out of the whole and grosse summe leave out the yeere of the interreigne which Dionysius Livius Messala and the rest insert betweene and that right truly and upon good reason for after the death of Romulus the interreigne continued one yeere Consider then and examine the thing diligently and yee shall find that in reckoning the yeeres of every kings reigne in severall Eutropius and Sextus Ruffus both attribute as many yeeres to the kings government as Denis Livie and the rest so that this difference is not much But others there be as Eusebius hath delivered in his Chronicles who write that the KK reigned but 243 yeeres and take the interregencie withall whose judgement Orosius Iornandes and Bede seeme to follow For Orosius in the 5. chap. of his second booke recordeth that Brutus the Consull in that very yeere namely the 244 put his owne sonnes to death the KK reigned not precisely so many yeeres just but for that some and namely Romulus went over some months and daies Dionysius and Livius reckoned them for a full yeere and laid it to Tarquinius Priscus but the other above named together with Eusebius left out those odde months and daies because they made not up a complet yere and assigned but onely seven and thirtie yeres to the raign of king Priscus To this may be added another reason of the like nature namely that as divers authours have doubtfully reported the yeere so they are no more certain of the month and day on which the first Consuls began their government For Plutarch in his problemes writeth that they entred upon the first day of Ianuary but Macrobius in the first book of his Saturnalia and seventh chapter seemeth to imply that they tooke their Consuls place the first of Iune saying according to the opinion of others That Iune tooke the name of Iunius Brutus for thaâ— in this month and namely upon the first day thereof according to a vow wherto he was obliged by the banishment of Tarquine hee solemnized a sacrifice to the goddesse Carnea upon mount Coelius Others againe write how this hapned the foure and twentieth of Februarie grounding herein upon the old antiquities and records of stone together with the testimony of Ovid who in the second booke of his Kalender thus writeth King Tarquine with his sonnes then fled The Consuls yeerly beare The soveraigne rule at Rome since that no king ever reign'd there Some there are besides of opinion that they entred the first day of Iulie and of their mind seemeth Ioachimus Perionius to be in his third booke of the Greeke magistrates In this repugnancie therefore of opinions very doubtfull it is which to follow As for that of Plutarch it hath long since bene clearly and learnedly confuted by two great and excellent clerkes Onuphrius Panvinius and Sigonius since it is plaine that it was the sixe hundred yeere from the foundation of the cittie and not before that the Consuls began their government the first of Ianuarie But in setting downe the certaine day they themselves are not well agreed For Sigonius after Marlianus inclineth this way and saith That the first day of the Consuls government was the sixe and twentieth day of May. But Panvinius thinketh that the first Consuls were created the 26 day of Februarie And this diversitie is found not onely in the day when the first Consuls tooke their government but also in the time after ensuing What was the usuall day of any
d Cassadraâ— valiantly defended against the Romanes and E\`umenes ibid. Cassignatus slaine in a skirmith with Perseus 1149 b. Spu. Cassius secketh to be king 71 e. â—â— dieth ibid. Castor his temple 72 b. Castulo betraied to the Romanes 683 d Castulo acitie in Spaine revolteth to the Romanes 538 g. Cataphracti equites 968 g Catapults 337 c Marcus Forcius Cato his oration to his souldiours and gallants 861 f M. Por. Cato discomfiteth the Spaniards 864.a.his praises for martiall feats 864 k M.P. Cato subdueth the Lacetanes 865 e M.P. Cato forceth Vergium 866 g M.P. Cato triumpheth over Spaine 879 c M.P. Cato his praise 826 m M.P. Cato his commendation 1049 e M.P. Cato created Censour against the will of the nobilitie 1050 i Causies made about Rome 348 g Celeres 12 h Celtiberians leave Scipio in the plaine field 373 f Censi first instituted 30 i Censoâ—â— chosen out of the commons 264 i Censours first created at Rome 145 b Censours call to account all that had trespassed in maners 320 i Centenius Penula for his overboldnesse slaine 563 a Centuries first appointed 11 a Cereales ludi 768 i Ceres 123 e Ceres sacrifices overlet at Rome upon the overthrowe at Cannae 466 k Cesâ—â—osphendonâ— 1154 i Cetrati 1145 b Charilaus yeeldeth Palaepolis unto the Romanes 300 h Chaelcis besieged 671 e Chalcis forced and sacked by the Romanes 786 h Chalceis yeelded to Antiochus 918 b Chalcaeicos 910 i Charopus the Epirote friend to the Romanes 815 b Clâ—â—lius Generall of the Volscians taken prisoner 146 h Circus Maximus 26 l Cisâ—â—phori nummi 972 g Cloelia her rare adventure 53 a Clastidium betraied to Anniball for money 420 m Claudia law 429 c Clondicus captaine of the Gaules 1187 a Claudius Censour would not at the time give over his place 337 f Claudius Nero checked by Marcellus 520 b Claudius hurt before Capua 587 c Claudius suborned to lay claime to Virginia 117 b Claudius condemned and confined 128 h Claudius Marcellus winneth the third Opima spolia 329 g Claudius Asellus provoked to single fight by Iubellius Taurea 506 h Claudius pulcher his irreligion 391 b He goeth into his province disorderly 1102 h He triumpheth 1104 g Claudia his sister fined for her intemperate tongue ibid. c Cleomenes first tyrant of Lacedemon 869 a Cleonymus vanquished by Aemilius 352.k He forraieth the coasts of Italie ibidem Cluvia delivered to the Samnites 336 g Horatius Cocles his valour 50 b Cohorts of foure hundred men 254 g Colcas and Luscinus rebell in Spaine 837 d Colonels for legions chosen by the people 335 c Colophon assaulted by Antiochus 959 â— Colonie planted at Cales 293 c Colonies placed at Alba and Sora. 351 d Collinae gate 122 i Combat betweene Corbis and Orsua 684 g Combate betweene a Gaule and Valerius Corvinus 266 k Cominium woon 384. i. burnt ibid. m Pontius Cominius his valour 209 d Comitium covered over head 655 d Commons lost their bold in the Consulship 261 e Commons of Rome take the mount Sacer. 65 a Commotion in Area by occasion of a marriage 145 e Temple of Concord dedicated 350 g Conference betweene king Perseus Martius and Philip. 1137. f. Conference betweene Nabis and T. Quintius 833. c. 871. e. Conference betweene Anniball and Scipio at Ephesus 896. k. Conference betweene Antiochus and the Romane delegate 846. m. Congiaries 980 i Consa delivered unto Anniball 473 b Consentia rendred to Anniball 494 k Conspiracie of Brutus the Consuls sonnes and others 45. e. Conspiracie of bondslaves detected 168 i Conspiracie detected at Syracusae and the conspiratourâ—s put to death 565 e Conspiracie of slaves detected at Setia 826 h Conspiracie at Capua 332 h Conspiracie of nobles detected at Rome ibid k Cookes begin to be in request at Rome 1027 a Consultations in Perseus Counsell whether to warre or accept peace 1144 i Consualia first instituted 8 g Consuls first created 42 l Corbio rased 108 k C. Martius Coriolanus 66. l. accused before the people 67 e banished ibid. c. C.M. Coriolanus leadeth an armie against Rome 69. c. reclaimed by his mother and wife 70. m. his end ibid. Cn. Cornelius allowed to triumph 838 h Cn. Cornelius Lentulus triumpheth 840 g Pub. Cornelius Ruffinus displaced from the Senat. 380 d L. Cornelius Merula wasteth the Boians countrie 891. i. he fought with them neere Modennae ibidem l. hee is secretly accused by his lieutenant M. Claudius 892 g Pub. Cornelius Scipio Nasica discomfiteth the Boians 440. i. pleadeth for his triumph 941 a. triumpheth ibidem L. Cornelius Scipio setteth forward against Antiochus 946. l. Aulus Cornelius Cossus killeth Lars Tolumnius king of the Veientians 152. h. offereth the second opima spolia ibidem k. M. Cornelius executeth iustice in Tuscane 797 c Cornelius rideth ovant into Rome 784 l C. Cornelius fell into a palsey and died 1105 d Corolamus defeiteth the Romanes 845 g Corona Civica 386 k Corinth besieged by T. Quintius king Attalus and the Achaeans 824. h. the siege raised by Philocles 825 b Cornmudgions fined at Rome 1004 k Cossanes receive new colonies 838 m K. Cotis his embassage to Rome 1231 a Crispinus performeth his devoire upon Badius the challenger 526 g Croton woon by the Carthaginians 494. k. assaulted by the Brutij 509. d. woon all but the castle 510 i Crotoniates translated to Locri. ibid. l. Curia 113 a Curiatij and Horatij enter combat 18 g Curia Romana first ordeined 11 a Curia Max. 630. m Curtius his lake 10 m Curtius Lacus why so called 253 a Curtius his valourous resolution ibidem Cybele brought from Pessinus to Rome 717 c Cycliades Pretor to the Athaeans a politique man 788. h Cynosarges burned by Philip. 787 d D DAmes of Rome part with their gold and iewels for an holy use 196 l Damocles other conspiratours killed in Argos by the garison 868 g Damocritus Pretour of the Aetolians 792. l. imprisoned at Rome 946 i Damocritus delivered to Acilius Glabrio 933. f. his proud answere to Quintius 908. h. he killeth himselfe 972 h Debate betweene Decius Fabius Consuls for their province 368 k Debate betweene the Aegians Lacedemonians 1002 c Debts at Rome the occasion of sedition 239 b Debtor priviledged against his creditor 301 c Debts cleered at Rome 263 f Debts or privie seales duly paied by the state of Rome 721. a. Debts for lone-money how discharged 781 a Decemvirs agris dividundis 775 b Decemvirs created for making of laws 109. d. soveraigne and onely magistrates ibid. their forme of good government ibid. f. they affect tyrannie 111 d Decemvirs for the bookes of Sybilla 267. c. 429 a Decia law for wardens of the ports chosen 335 c P. Decius his valour and pollicie 273. b. his speech to the souldiours ibid. f. he is praised and rewarded 275 b P. Decius devoweth himselfe for the safetie of the armie 287. c. P. Decius the sonne deieth for his armie 372. l. solemnely burned 373 f Oration of P. Decius Mus. 355 d
find in his heart to expend c. 1178.48 betweene Perseus and Eumenes 1179.3 nor hee tooke 1180.21 to content 54. image of Vertumnus 1196.9 owne ranke 40. as they did 47. him quite 1205.49 faithfully 54. frailesie of man 1206.8 considently trust 9. yet before night 1208.36 he had assigned 1209.50 person to due 55. to a benesite 1210.39 the tribe Esquilina 1214.52 Lycia and Caria 1215.2 during this warre 1216.17 Oratour and agent 1226.9 If by nothing 1234.10 read a hundred thirtie six and a hundred thirtie seven 1266.17 no kingraign'd ever there Romulus â—â— Numa Pompilius 2. Tullus Hostilius 3. Ancus Martius 4. Tarquinius Priâ—cus 5. Seruius Tullius 6. Tarquinius Superbus 7 〈…〉 Venetians at this day descended from Henetiâ— a people of Paphlagoniâ— and the Trojanes un â—en the conduct of Antenor Aeneas and the Trojanes arrive in Italie King Latinus Aeneas esposeth Lavinia Lavinium built Afeanius borne Turra s Latinus slaine Mezentjus The Latines The death and sepulture of Acneas Iupiter Iudiges The wife governmenent Lavinia Queene Mother Tulus or Aseanius The familie of the Iulij Long Alba 〈◊〉 Aâ—canius The kingdome of Alba. Albula or Tybris Latinus Silvius Tiberinus Aventinus Procas Numitor and Amulius Rhea Sylvia Romulus and Remus borne Romulus and 〈…〉 〈◊〉 Faustulus Laurentia Lupercal Evander Pan Lycaeus or Inuus Remus taken prisoner Amulius the userpet slaiae 〈…〉 of ◠〈…〉 〈◊〉 betweene 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 ◠〈◊〉 king of Rome The 〈…〉 Evander the inâ—enter of 〈◊〉 letters Carmenta mother of Evander Ara maxima dedicated to Hercules Potitij Pinary Romulus maketh lawes Roiall robes Iictours Chaire of estate called Sella curulis The purple role called Toga prâ—texia The Asylum first erected The institution of a Senate Patris Patriâ—â— The Embassage of Romulus treating for marriage The games Consualia The Sabine maldens ravished Thalasio 〈…〉 〈◊〉 king of the Sabines The Ceninians defeated Their king slain Romulus 〈◊〉 unto Iupiter Feretrius the spoile 〈◊〉 the King of the Cenitians By Cornel Cossus and M. Marcellus The Antemnate overthrown and their cittie forced Hersilia wise to Romulus Colonies of Romanes first planted The Sabines make warre The castle of Rome betrained to the Sabines 〈…〉 〈…〉 〈◊〉 and Sabines Metivs Curtius Hostius Hostilius The praier of Romulus to Iupiter stator The 〈◊〉 womâ—n to their 〈◊〉 〈…〉 theâ—â— Quirites Curtius Lacus Curiâ— 301 Centuries Tatius murdered A stratageâ— of Romulus The Veientians 〈◊〉 by Romulus Truce betweene Romanes and Veientians for an hundred yeares The commentation of Romulus Celeres Romulus his 〈◊〉 The speech of Proculus Iulius 〈◊〉 betweene the Romans and Sabines for the 〈◊〉 The Interrogencie Numa Pompilius Numa Pompilius declared and inaugurat king 〈…〉 〈…〉 〈…〉 〈…〉 〈…〉 〈…〉 called 〈◊〉 Romulus * 〈…〉 〈◊〉 Anciliaâ— Iupiter Elicius Aegeria The temple of Faith Tullus Hostilius 〈…〉 of the Albanes to 〈◊〉 Tullus * 〈…〉 〈…〉 The Oration of Metius unto Tullus Curiatijâ— Horatij The cruell 〈◊〉 between the brethren Curiatij and 〈◊〉 Horatius killeth his sister The iudgement of Horatius P. Horatius the father to the people The Oration of Tullus 〈…〉 〈◊〉 with the 〈◊〉 The Sabines defeited by the Romanes 〈◊〉 Tullus consume I with lightening Ancus Martius king of Rome * Venus 〈◊〉 of Ancus 〈…〉 * 〈◊〉 maximus The forme of succeeding a 〈◊〉 Tanaquil the Queene in to king Tanaquinius L. Tarquinius the king killed Tanaquil to Servius Tanaquil to the people Servius Tullius 〈…〉 town 〈…〉 〈…〉 〈…〉 * 〈…〉 * 〈…〉 * 〈…〉 * 〈…〉 * 32 bb 5. 〈◊〉 * 6 â—b 5. shi Pomocrie what it is Tullia to her husband L. Tarquinins his speech to the senatours â—ervius Tullius â—ilied Tarnus Herdonius his orations against Tarquinius Superbus Tarquinius against Turnus Herdonius Turnus herdonius put to death Tarquinius to the Arâ—cines Suessa Pometia wonne by the Romanes * 1070 lib â—terl Ser Tarquinins saying That now to the Gabians The Gabines to Sextus Tarquinius Sex = Terquinius to the Senators of the Gibinsâ— The 〈◊〉 of 〈…〉 to 〈◊〉 Terminâ—s the 〈…〉 â—ounds and Meâ—rs Tarquinius Priscus foundeth the temple of the Capitoll * I070 bb sterl * 125000 lib. ster Iun. Brutts cornteriaicech a icole 〈…〉 〈…〉 of 〈◊〉 Lucretia Lucretia forced by Tarquinius Sextus The pittifull plaines of chaâ— Lucrece Lucretia killeth herselfe The â—emonstrancâ—◠〈…〉 Brutus 〈◊〉 the people against the king and his bâ—ood Tâ—â—quinius the king banished Conâ—â—ls first created Brutus the Consul persuadeth Tarquinius to give over the Consulship and depart A conspiracie of yoong gentlemen of the Nobilitie The conspiracie 〈◊〉 Campus Maritus The traitors executed Brutus putteth to death his owne children * i. ' The men of Tarquinij The speech of Tarquinius Superbus to the Tuskans The Veientians defeited by the Romanes P. Valerius the Consull unto the people Valerius surnamed Publicola or Poplicola Porsena before geth Rome The 〈…〉 Horatius 〈◊〉 The valiant resolution of C. Munus 〈◊〉 his speech to king Poâ—ena 〈◊〉 his 〈◊〉 to Mutius Maâ—ius to Porâ—â— Mâ—rius suâ—named Sâ—â—rolâ— Peace betweene Poâ—â—â—nâ— and the Romaner The comâ—tendâ—bledeed of Clocâ—a Rizza 〈…〉 Appâ—â—â— Claudâ—us 〈…〉 Tribe Appia The 〈◊〉 of 〈…〉 Dictator first created at Rome 〈…〉 〈…〉 Pâ—lastrina Orâ—â— Tâ—usâ—ulo The famous battell aâ— the lake Regilâ—us Temple of Satura dedicated Saturnilia instituted Tarquinius Supeâ—bus dieth Wards 2 â— * 15 of May. Compagna dâ—â—oma A dangerous sedâ—tion in Rome Divers opinions in the Senate house Appius his inuective against his fellow Consul * 〈◊〉 17 yeares 〈◊〉 to 47. A sedition betâ—â—ene the Consuls and the pâ—oâ—â— The Oration of Appius Clâ—udius in the Senate 〈◊〉 * 〈…〉 The speech of 〈◊〉 the 〈◊〉 in the Senate They first revolt of the commons of Rome into mount dancer Agr. Menenius his Oration to the commons Tribunes of the common people first created 〈…〉 〈…〉 * 〈…〉 〈…〉 The murmuring of the 〈◊〉 against Coâ—â—olanus Accius Tullius to the Romane Consuls Accius Tullius to his countrimen * Monte Cirâ—ello * Civitâ— indorinâ— vique Coriolanus beseegeth Rome The answere of 〈◊〉 to the 〈◊〉 Orators The speech of Veturia unto her so â— Martius Cotiolanus Fertuna Mulâ—re bâ—ir The law Agraria first published concerning the division of wast lands among the commons Virginius against the law Agraria Sp. Cassius put to death for seeking to be king * Treasurers of the cittiâ— * 〈…〉 of a Tâ—â—ple 〈…〉 The disobedience of soldiers to â—â—eir captainâ— The pollâ—ricke practise of Appius Claudius to abate the Tribunes auctorine The speeches of the Tuscane priâ—ces in their Counsels The speech of Fabius to his brother Consull 〈…〉 〈…〉 Caeso Fabius the Consull in the Lords of the Senate The linage of the Fabii offer to maintaine waâ—e with the Veienâ—â—ens in their 〈◊〉 persons and at their proper charges * At thiâ— day 〈…〉 The Fabij all slaine * Hope 〈…〉 * 〈…〉 Sp. Servillius 〈…〉 Sâ—â—inâ—s and 〈◊〉 vanquished L. 〈◊〉 and 〈…〉 Thâ—ir â—eâ—onstrance to the same Nobles Geâ—â—tius a Tribune of the common people murdered in his