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A42798 A new voyage to the East-Indies containing an account of several of those rich countries, and more particularly of the kingdom of Bantam : giving an exact relation of the extent of that monarch's dominions, the religion, manners and customs of the inhabitants, their commerce, and the product of the country, and likewise a faithful narrative of the kingdom of Siam, of the isles of Japan and Madagascar, and of several other parts, with such new discoveries as were never yet made by any other traveller / by Mr. Glanius. Glanius, Mr. 1682 (1682) Wing G793; ESTC R40478 75,780 191

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the greatest Princes of His Empire by His Wives and Concubines who are in great numbers all very richly clothed by Land upon Elephants and by Water in Barges all guilt without and within From the Palace to the place where the Emperour goes the Life-Guard stands in a row on each side all well apparelled and mounted to advantage principally the chief Officers who are upon Elephants whose Houses are of Gold and Silver All along the way nothing is to be heard but Fifes Drums Flutes and other Instruments which make a passable Harmony And assoon as the Emperour appears every one upon pain of Death is obliged to come out before him prostrate ' emselves and adore him wherein they are so rigorous that if one waits never so little to acquit himself of this Devoir he is punished at that instant which I have seen with my own eyes This Custom is quite contrary to what is practised in Peru for in all places where the King goes with his Wives and Concubines the People must shut their Doors and Windows and remain as in Prison until all is gone by Those who happen to be in the Emperours way are obliged to dislodge and make way for His Attendants which often occasions people to die of Hunger and Cold especially when the Order comes by night those who give it being so punctual or rather so hard-hearted as they force obedience without giving the People time to provide themselves with Clothes and Food A hard extremity in all particulars since besides the inconveniency which they receive from this surprize they have likewise the displeasure of leaving their Houses to be plundered Gold is so common in this Court that their Cattle are served in Vessels of no other Metal The Elephants and especially the White Ones are there treated like Princes and of this last sort there is always one in so great Veneration that they attribute to his presence the Prosperity of the Empire Those Creatures have in all times served for a pretext to Wars of long continuance betwixt the Neighbouring Kings for besides that they are rarely of that colour they reverence 'em in memory of Xaca whose Mother being with Child of him once dream't that a White Elephant came out of her mouth and at another time out of her left side It was upon the account of these Animals that in the Year 1548 the Kings of Ava and Pegu made a League against the Emperour of Siam in whose Territories they had made a great Progress before he was in a condition to resist ' em At length with the Aid of His Generals He got in the Head of two Hundred Thousand Men with whom he went to encamp within Half a League of His Enemies Those who thought to have surprized him seeing so strong a Barrier opposed to their Design made shew of preparing ' emselves for a Battel but whether their Forces were unequal or they began to abate in their good intelligence among ' emselves three Moneths passed without making any attempt at the end of which those Kings seeing their Armies perish for want of Victuals abandoned the ground and left by that means the Emperour of Siam the peaceable possessour of the two White Elephants which they pretended to seize on What at first delayed his March was that he had neither Souldiers nor Ships to go to the place where he was to joyn the Enemy and he caused above Twenty Thousand Vessels to be built which required some time Besides the two Hundred Thousand Men which he brought with him he left upon the Frontiers Fifty Thousand Citizens who were obliged to guard 'em at their own costs Some were amazed he did not take advantage of His Enemies weakness but he said That he had gained more by destroying them after that manner than if he had constrained 'em to end the quarrel by a Battel the issue whereof was uncertain He pretended to have conquered 'em more cunningly and more happily for His Subjects whose Lives and Estates he preserved without costing 'em one drop of bloud So that he was received in Triumph in His Metropolis as if he had made the greatest Conquests After the death of the King if he has left no Male Infant or his Son has not attained the Age of 15 Years this Son loses His Right to the Crown to which the eldest Brother of the deceased becomes the Legitimate Successor And as for the Offices possessed by the Grandees of the Court they are all Hereditary at least if he who enjoys 'em does not oblige the Prince to declare his Heir uncapable of succeeding him Sect. VI. THE great number of Strangers who trade at Siam help much to increase the Treasures of the King there is continually a coming in and going out of His Kingdom a prodigious quantity of Merchandizes on which there are considerable Imposts His Mines of Gold Lead and Pewter do contribute very much thereunto as likewise great Forests of as fine wood of Japan as that of Brasile The Trade of this Wood lies along the Coasts of Coromandel Dabul ' China Japan and all the Neighbouring Islands Add to this that all His Subjects being His Slaves He inherits all their Estates or at least two Thirds leaving out of favour the other Third to the Relations of the Defunct A Custom so advantageous as this Prince extends it even to Strangers whose Heir he is as well as those that are born in His Country and as there is ever an incredible multitude of 'em 't is certain His Finances are thereby much augmented The greatest Expence of this Prince is the great number of Pagods Convents Hospitals and Towers which he causes incessantly to be built and what it costs him in raising 'em does surpass the Idea People have conceived thereof After having applied Himself to what concerns Religion he takes care His Arsenals be largely provided with all that is requisite for War and indeed all things there are in a surprising abundance and so neatly kept that it would be very difficult to imitate them therein As for His Forces they consist almost all in Infantry which is very good the Pay of the Souldiers is but a little Rice the rest they have occasion for they are to gain it from the Enemy or by labouring very hard at any kind of Work for they are treated as Slaves and they give a blind Obedience to whatsoever they are commanded As for the Citizens their condition is little better than that of the Souldiers for besides the Subsidies with which they are excessively oppressed and that they have nothing in Propriety they are obliged to work on the Fortifications and to work as well as the Souldiers in occasions of necessity Notwithstanding this they are so supple and so tractable that they are never heard to complain or murmur tho the Government is severe they live contented and happy because they desire nothing From that soft and tractable Humour they easily proceed to Devotion which is as
never forget the Dagger or Poniard under their Girdle They ever go with a numerous Train of slaves one amongst them carrying the Bettel Bottel another the Chamber pot and a third the Vmbrello They all go bare-footed it being thought a disparagement among 'em to walk with Shooes thro the Town In their Houses many wear 'em they are made at Achim Malacca and China and the Isle of Sumatra where are also made most part of the Vmbrello's used in the Indies The Bantamites are haughty self-conceited perfidious mischievous and cruel who never fail to make an end of such they get advantage of and having once committed a Murder they kill all in their power for knowing Death to be their inevitable reward their discharge their fury indifferently on all they encounter without consideration of Sex or Age so as sometimes they are constrained to kill them in the place instead of taking them to be delivered up into the Hands of Justice They generally wear long Hair are of a Chesnut Complexion having great Jaw Bones flat Faces great Eyebrows little Eyes thin Beard and being of a middle stature well set and strongly limb'd They are naturally addicted to Theft and so vindicative that to be revenged of an Enemy they stick not to turn upon his Weapon and choose an assured Death to take away anothers Life Of which there was an example during the King of Bantam's besieging Batavia in the Year 1659. a Dutch Souldier lying in Ambushcade in a Marsh a Bantamite little dreaming that any body had been there came to the same place to discover the Enemy and was by the Dutchman thrust with his Pike into his body Upon which the Bantamite finding himself wounded did not strive to pull the Pike out of his body but thrust himself further upon it to the end he might come at his Enemy whom he stabb'd to the heart as soon as he got within his reach This bloudy disposition shews they have courage and would make good Souldiers were they but as dexterous at Fire Arms as they are at their usual weapons which are the Pike the Battle-Axe and the Broad Sword but above all the Dagger or Poniard Their Bucklers are of Wood or boyled Leather stretch'd upon a Hoop and for their Bodies they have Cuinasses the pieces being fastned together with Na●ls of Iron Souldiers in times of Peace have no Pay but in time War they have Arms and Cloths and Rice and Fish for Provision They are all Slaves and not only such as belong to the King but likewise to other Lords who are obliged to enroll them for their Princes service They are seldom or never idle but imploy themselves most commonly in making Sheaths for Poniards of Sandal Wood made hollow or polishing their Arms which they generally poyson keeping 'em so well that no Razor can be sharper than their Swords The Bantamites as indeed all the rest of the Indians hold their Daggers so dear to them that they will not speak to any Man without that by their side not one Brother with another and at Night they lay it under their Bolsters Some use Trunks thorow which they blow little poysoned Arrows so bearded that pulling it out the Head remains in the Wound which by these means becomes incurable and mortal Amongst such a multitude of Villains there are notwithstanding some honest People but the number is very small for except some that inhabit near Bantam upon the Streight of Sunda at the foot of the Mountain Gonon Bezar who were transplanted thither from Pasarvan all the rest are depraved The People not able to live under the Tyranny of the King of Pasarvan put themselves on certain conditions under the protection of the King of Bantam and have built the Town of Sura which has a peculiar King but subordinate notwithstanding to the King of Bantam they living peaceably and persevering in the exercise of the Pagan Religion The Soil is cultivated either by free People who take it of their King or other Lords at a certain Rent and are not bound to labour longer than by their Bargain and may afterwards do what they please or by Slaves who cultivate their Pepper Rice and Cocoes breed Poultry and Cattel for their Masters profit and supply his Kitchin Some Slaves take the Cocoes at 1000 Caxaes the Tree Others work by the day and get Eight Hundred Caxaes the day which is to their Masters profit Others are not maintain'd by their Masters but serve them six days and the six days following work for themselves and so get their Livelihood The Women-Slaves keep Market where they sell their Masters Pepper and other Commodities or else imploy themselves in scouring or making Cloth that they might not live unprofitably When they have a mind to be cas'd of them they lead 'em from Port to Port and sell them to him who will give most The ordinary price for one of an able body is five Fardoes that is about a Pistol a piece The Children of a Slave belong to the Master who disposes of 'em as he thinks best but he hath not power over the life of his Slave without the express consent of the King or Governour The Pepper which the Bantamites sell to Strangers is usually mix'd with Ordure black Sand or Gravel or they adulterate it some other way either in quality or weight as they do all their other Commodities They keep a Trade amidst all the neighbouring Islands with notable advantage At the Towns of Macasser and Surubya they fetch Rice which there they buy for one Sata de Caxa the Gantan and sell it for double the Price At Balambuam they buy Cocoes a thousand Caxaes the Hundred and venting 'em by retail at Bantam they sell eight Cocoes for two Hundred Caxaes there they likewise buy the Oyl of the same Fruit. At Joartam Gerrici Pati and Juama they fetch Salt at a Hundred and fifty thousand Caxaes the eight Hundred Gantans and at Bantam three Gantans are worth a thousand Caxaes They carry Salt to Sumatra where they truck for Lacque Pepper Benjamin Cotton Tortoyse-shells and divers other Commodities from Jacatra Jappara Cravaon Timor and Palimbaon they fetch Honey Wax Sugar c. Salt-fish from Cravaon and Bender-messing Iron from Crimata in the Isle of Borneo Copper and Lead from Pepa and Gusebun upon the Coast of Malacca from Bali and Cambaya Cotton and Cotton-Cloth c. Rich Merchants make no Voyages themselves but venture the greatest part of their Money for more or less profit as the Voyages are long and dangerous and near upon the like Conditions we do here in Europe Obligations as all other Instruments are written upon the Bark of a Tree the Letters ingrav'd with a Bodkin and they make it up in a Roll or fold it four-square betwixt two Boards which they tye together with a Pack-thread very neatly sometimes they use China Paper which is very fine and of all colours As yet they know not the