time_n rufus_n william_n rufus_n and_o after_o his_o death_n william_n rufus_n his_o son_n in_o like_a sort_n continue_v those_o law_n during_o his_o life_n until_o he_o be_v slay_v in_o new_a forest_n as_o he_o be_v in_o hunt_v and_o after_o the_o death_n of_o the_o say_a william_n rufus_n without_o issue_n of_o his_o body_n king_n henry_n the_o first_o his_o brother_n succeed_v he_o as_o next_o heir_n unto_o the_o crown_n of_o this_o realm_n first_o henry_n the_o first_o by_o his_o charter_n do_v confirm_v all_o the_o say_a law_n of_o the_o forest_n of_o saint_n edward_n the_o confessor_n as_o it_o do_v appear_v in_o the_o red_a book_n in_o the_o excheker_fw-mi call_v libre_fw-la rubus_fw-la cap._n 1._o 1._o libre_fw-la rubrus_fw-la cap._n 1._o legum_n suarum_fw-la and_o also_o in_o the_o second_o charter_n of_o the_o say_a book_n of_o the_o law_n of_o the_o forest_n in_o these_o word_n forestas_fw-la vero_fw-la communi_fw-la assensu_fw-la omnium_fw-la baronum_fw-la meorum_fw-la in_o manu_fw-la mea_fw-la sic_fw-la retinuo_fw-la sicut_fw-la pater_fw-la meus_fw-la eas_fw-la retinuit_fw-la and_o then_o afterward_o in_o the_o 18_o chapter_n of_o the_o say_a book_n the_o plea_n of_o the_o forest_n be_v there_o specify_v and_o rehearse_v in_o these_o word_n placita_fw-la quoque_fw-la forestarum_fw-la satis_fw-la sunt_fw-la in_o commoditat_v '_o valliat_v '_o sicut_fw-la de_fw-la assertis_fw-la de_fw-fr cessione_n de_fw-fr venatione_fw-la de_fw-fr cumbustione_fw-la etc._n etc._n which_o law_n of_o the_o forest_n afterwards_o do_v more_o and_o more_o increase_n and_o so_o do_v continue_v during_o all_o the_o life_n of_o the_o say_a king_n henry_n the_o first_o and_o after_o his_o decease_n steven_n king_n steven_n king_n steven_n by_o his_o charter_n do_v confirm_v all_o the_o say_a privilege_n law_n &_o custom_n make_v and_o grant_v by_o saint_n edward_n the_o confessor_n and_o also_o by_o king_n henry_n the_o first_o his_o uncle_n as_o it_o appear_v in_o the_o book_n of_o the_o say_a law_n all_o which_o say_v law_n and_o custom_n the_o say_a king_n stenen_n do_v continue_v all_o his_o life_n and_o after_o his_o decase_n king_n henry_n the_o second_o succeed_v he_o as_o next_o king_n of_o this_o realm_n second_o king_n henry_n the_o second_o by_o his_o general_a charter_n do_v confirm_v the_o say_v law_n of_o the_o forest_n in_o most_o thing_n &_o principal_o concern_v the_o beginning_n of_o carta_n de_fw-fr foresta_n for_o in_o the_o first_o book_n of_o his_o law_n make_v in_o the_o 19_o year_n of_o his_o reign_n chap._n 16._o he_o rehearse_v and_o declare_v the_o law_n of_o the_o forest_n and_o the_o very_a nature_n of_o that_o and_o do_v far_o show_v there_o how_o that_o the_o law_n of_o the_o forest_n do_v vary_v and_o differ_v from_o the_o common_a law_n of_o this_o realm_n as_o it_o do_v appear_v in_o the_o say_v red_a book_n in_o the_o excheker_fw-mi in_o these_o word_n sane_n forestarum_n lex_fw-la ratio_fw-la pena_fw-la quoque_fw-la vel_fw-la absolutio_fw-la delinquentium_fw-la sive_fw-la pecuniaria_fw-la fuerit_fw-la sive_fw-la corporalis_fw-la scorsum_fw-la ab_fw-la aliis_fw-la regni_fw-la ludicijs_fw-la secernuntur_fw-la &_o folius_fw-la regis_fw-la arbitrio_fw-la seu_fw-la cuiuslibet_fw-la familiaris_fw-la ad_fw-la haec_fw-la specialiter_fw-la deputati_fw-la subijcitur_fw-la legibus_fw-la quidem_fw-la proprijs_fw-la subsistit_fw-la quas_fw-la non_fw-la lure_n communi_fw-la sed_fw-la voluntaria_fw-la principum_fw-la institutione_n subnixasse_fw-la debent_fw-la adeo_fw-la ut_fw-la per_fw-la legem_fw-la eius_fw-la factum_fw-la fuerit_fw-la non_fw-la justum_fw-la absolute_a sed_fw-la justum_fw-la secundum_fw-la legem_fw-la forestae_fw-la dicatur_fw-la quia_fw-la in_o forestis_n penetralia_fw-la regum_fw-la sunt_fw-la &_o corum_fw-la maximae_fw-la deliciae_fw-la ad_fw-la have_v quidem_fw-la venandi_fw-la causa_fw-la curis_n quandoque_fw-la accedunt_fw-la ut_fw-la modica_fw-la quiet_a recreentur_fw-la and_o afterward_o in_o the_o twelve_o chapter_n of_o the_o same_o book_n there_o do_v follow_v another_o sentence_n concern_v the_o law_n of_o the_o forest_n in_o these_o word_n in_o singulis_fw-la comitatibus_fw-la foresta_n regis_fw-la non_fw-la est_fw-la sed_fw-la in_o nemorosis_n ubi_fw-la ferarum_fw-la latibula_fw-la sunt_fw-la &_o uberior_fw-la pastura_fw-la nec_fw-la interest_n cvius_fw-la sunt_fw-la nemora_fw-la sive_fw-la enim_fw-la regis_fw-la sive_fw-la regni_fw-la procerum_fw-la liberos_fw-la tamen_fw-la &_o indemnes_fw-la habeat_fw-la ferae_fw-la circumque_fw-la discursus_fw-la so_o that_o by_o those_o text_n before_o rehearse_v it_o do_v appear_v how_o the_o law_n of_o the_o forest_n be_v take_v and_o use_v in_o time_n past_a and_o by_o those_o word_n nec_fw-la interest_n cvius_fw-la sunt_fw-la nemora_fw-la etc._n etc._n it_o be_v plain_o show_v that_o the_o king_n than_o may_v &_o yet_o may_v also_o make_v a_o forest_n in_o every_o place_n where_o he_o please_v aswell_o in_o the_o land_n and_o inheritance_n of_o any_o of_o his_o subject_n as_o in_o his_o own_o demean_n land_n and_o inheritance_n which_o be_v a_o great_a loss_n and_o hindrance_n to_o those_o that_o be_v owner_n of_o those_o land_n that_o be_v so_o affore_v for_o after_o the_o same_o be_v so_o affore_v their_o pasture_n and_o profit_n of_o their_o land_n be_v devowr_v by_o the_o wild_a beast_n of_o the_o king_n without_o any_o recompense_n for_o the_o same_o to_o be_v make_v unto_o they_o and_o this_o law_n of_o affore_v of_o the_o land_n and_o inheritance_n of_o other_o man_n do_v then_o daily_o so_o increase_v that_o the_o same_o be_v think_v a_o very_a extreme_a heavy_a burden_n aswell_o unto_o noble_a man_n and_o gentleman_n as_o also_o unto_o the_o poor_a commonalty_n of_o this_o realm_n to_o bear_v for_o that_o they_o may_v not_o enclose_v their_o land_n nor_o improve_v the_o same_o to_o their_o best_a profit_n that_o be_v so_o affore_v by_o the_o king_n but_o they_o be_v force_v to_o suffer_v their_o say_a land_n afore_v to_o lie_v open_a and_o not_o enclose_v and_o if_o any_o of_o they_o do_v chance_n to_o offend_v against_o the_o assize_n or_o law_n of_o the_o forest_n the_o punishment_n be_v sometime_o very_o great_a for_o a_o small_a offence_n and_o the_o forfeiture_n for_o the_o same_o according_a to_o the_o will_n and_o pleasure_n of_o the_o king_n and_o not_o according_a to_o the_o quantity_n of_o the_o trespass_n nor_o yet_o according_a to_o the_o course_n of_o the_o common_a law_n of_o this_o realm_n and_o this_o law_n do_v continue_v during_o the_o life_n of_o king_n henry_n the_o second_o and_o after_o his_o decease_n the_o same_o continue_a likewise_o during_o the_o reign_n of_o king_n richard_n the_o first_o and_o then_o after_o his_o disease_n likewise_o during_o the_o reign_n of_o king_n john_n john_n richard_n the_o first_o king_n john_n and_o every_o one_o of_o the_o say_a king_n do_v daily_o increase_v and_o make_v more_o new_a foreste_n and_o more_o in_o the_o land_n of_o their_o subject_n to_o the_o great_a hindrance_n and_o impoverish_n of_o their_o subject_n and_o this_o mischief_n be_v not_o at_o all_o remedy_v until_o the_o make_n of_o the_o charter_n of_o the_o liberty_n of_o the_o forest_n three_o henry_n the_o three_o which_o be_v make_v by_o king_n henry_n the_o third_o and_o afterwards_o the_o same_o charter_n be_v confirm_v and_o enlarge_v by_o king_n edward_n the_o first_o his_o son_n which_o charter_n be_v make_v for_o the_o pacify_v of_o the_o commonalty_n of_o this_o realm_n that_o then_o be_v much_o aggrieve_v at_o this_o mischief_n first_o edward_n the_o first_o and_o therefore_o the_o same_o charter_n call_v carta_n de_fw-fr foresta_n even_o in_o the_o very_a first_o article_n of_o the_o same_o do_v provide_v a_o remedy_n in_o that_o behalf_n in_o these_o word_n omnes_fw-la forestae_fw-la quas_fw-la henricus_fw-la aws_fw-la noster_fw-la aforestavit_fw-la videantur_fw-la per_fw-la bonos_fw-es &_o legales_fw-la homines_fw-la et_fw-la si_fw-la boscum_fw-la aliquem_fw-la alium_fw-la quam_fw-la suum_fw-la dominicum_fw-la afforestaverit_n ad_fw-la damnum_fw-la illius_fw-la cvius_fw-la boscus_fw-la ille_fw-la fuerit_fw-la statim_fw-la deaforestentur_fw-la etc._n etc._n by_o which_o branch_n of_o the_o say_a charter_n you_o do_v see_v that_o all_o foreste_n that_o king_n henry_n the_o three_o have_v make_v of_o the_o land_n of_o any_o of_o his_o subject_n which_o be_v not_o the_o king_n own_o demean_n land_n be_v here_o appoint_v to_o be_v disafore_v again_o and_o again_o in_o the_o three_o article_n of_o the_o say_a charter_n of_o the_o forest_n there_o be_v the_o very_a like_o remedy_n and_o provision_n that_o all_o such_o foreste_n which_o king_n richard_n the_o first_o and_o also_o king_n john_n have_v afore_v and_o make_v of_o the_o land_n or_o wood_n of_o any_o of_o his_o subject_n be_v not_o the_o demean_n land_n of_o the_o crown_n that_o then_o all_o those_o land_n and_o wood_n shall_v be_v disafore_v again_o for_o these_o three_o king_n that_o be_v to_o say_v king_n richard_n the_o first_o king_n john_n and_o henry_n the_o third_o have_v then_o new_o afore_v so_o much_o of_o the_o land_n of_o
shall_v have_v for_o every_o year_n one_o horse_n one_o javeline_n one_o shield_n and_o three_o li_n in_o money_n 8_o and_o every_o one_o of_o the_o say_v servile_a person_n shall_v have_v for_o every_o year_n one_o javeline_n one_o crossbow_n and_o xv_o shilling_n of_o money_n 9_o let_v aswell_o all_o the_o say_v four_o chief_a man_n as_o also_o the_o say_a mean_a man_n and_o the_o foresay_a servile_a officer_n be_v exempt_v and_o discharge_v from_o pay_v of_o any_o tribute_n &_o also_o free_v and_o aquit_v from_o all_o provincial_a summons_n and_o popular_a plea_n which_o englishmen_n do_v call_v hundred_o laghe_n and_o also_o from_o all_o charge_n of_o armour_n which_o englishmen_n do_v call_v warscot_n and_o also_o from_o foreign_a suit_n 10_o the_o cause_n &_o offence_n of_o these_o mean_a man_n &_o servile_a person_n &_o the_o correction_n of_o they_o as_o well_o such_o cause_n &_o offence_n as_o be_v criminal_a as_o thosé_fw-fr that_fw-mi be_v civil_a shall_v be_v adjudge_v &_o decide_v by_o the_o provident_a wisdom_n and_o discretion_n of_o those_o four_o chief_a man_n but_o the_o offence_n of_o those_o four_o chief_a man_n if_o any_o shall_v fortune_n to_o be_v lest_o that_o any_o heinous_a offence_n shall_v remain_v unrevenged_a we_o our_o own_o self_n shall_v punish_v the_o same_o in_o our_o royal_a displeasure_n 11_o these_o four_o chief_a man_n shall_v have_v one_o royal_a authority_n save_v unto_o we_o our_o own_o royal_a presence_n and_o four_o time_n in_o the_o year_n they_o shall_v keep_v their_o general_a session_n or_o plée_n of_o the_o forest_n &_o all_o forfeiture_n as_o well_o of_o vert_fw-fr as_o of_o venison_n which_o englishmen_n do_v call_v muchhunt_a where_o they_o shall_v hold_v plea_n of_o any_o matter_n concern_v the_o forest_n and_o they_o shall_v proceed_v to_o a_o three_o fold_v judgement_n which_o englishmen_n do_v call_v of_o gangfardell_n and_o this_o thréefolde_a judgement_n be_v thus_o to_o be_v have_v he_o that_o be_v accuse_v must_v take_v with_o himself_o five_a other_o person_n and_o himself_o must_v be_v the_o sixth_o person_n and_o so_o in_o swear_v he_o shall_v have_v a_o thréefold_a judgement_n or_o thréefolde_a oath_n but_o for_o any_o person_n to_o have_v his_o trial_n or_o purgation_n by_o fire_n be_v in_o no_o wise_a to_o be_v allow_v or_o admit_v except_o it_o be_v where_o the_o manifest_a truth_n can_v otherwise_o be_v find_v out_o 12_o but_o a_o freeman_n which_o englishmen_n call_v pegen_n have_v his_o offence_n depend_v although_o he_o be_v not_o within_o the_o compass_n of_o the_o sea_n yet_o he_o may_v have_v a_o trusty_a or_o faithful_a friend_n that_o may_v swear_v his_o oath_n for_o he_o which_o englishmen_n call_v foreath_n but_o if_o he_o have_v not_o such_o a_o trusty_a man_n to_o swear_v for_o he_o he_o himself_o shall_v swear_v the_o oath_n neither_o shall_v he_o be_v pardon_v for_o any_o oath_n 13_o if_o a_o stranger_n or_o pilgrim_n which_o have_v come_v from_o a_o far_a country_n be_v accuse_v of_o the_o offence_n of_o the_o forest_n and_o his_o poverty_n be_v such_o that_o he_o can_v have_v a_o pledge_n such_o as_o he_o ought_v to_o have_v at_o the_o first_o accusation_n no_o englishman_n may_v adjudge_v he_o thereof_o then_o he_o must_v endure_v the_o king_n imprisonment_n and_o there_o remain_v until_o he_o may_v proceed_v forward_o to_o judgement_n of_o the_o iron_n and_o water_n and_o yet_o notwithstanding_o if_o any_o person_n do_v hurt_v unto_o he_o that_o be_v such_o a_o stranger_n or_o pilgrim_n come_v from_o a_o far_a country_n if_o those_o four_o chief_a man_n shall_v determine_v any_o judgement_n against_o the_o same_o stranger_n the_o same_o judgement_n shall_v be_v unto_o he_o that_o do_v hurt_v the_o same_o stranger_n 14_o whosoever_o shall_v bear_v false_a witness_n before_o my_o say_v four_o chief_a man_n of_o the_o forest_n &_o shall_v be_v convict_v thereof_o afterwards_o he_o be_v not_o worthy_a any_o more_o to_o be_v allow_v a_o witness_n or_o to_o bear_v any_o witness_n for_o because_o he_o have_v lose_v his_o ability_n therein_o &_o for_o that_o offence_n he_o shall_v pay_v unto_o the_o king_n ten_o shilling_n which_o the_o dane_n do_v call_v halfeshang_fw-mi alias_o halshang_v 15_o if_o any_o man_n shall_v offer_v any_o force_n to_o my_o say_a chief_a man_n of_o my_o forest_n if_o he_o be_v a_o freeman_n that_o shall_v so_o offend_v he_o shall_v lose_v his_o liberty_n or_o freedom_n and_o all_o that_o he_o have_v but_o if_o he_o be_v a_o bondman_n than_o his_o right_a hand_n shall_v be_v cut_v 16_o but_o if_o either_o of_o they_o shall_v offend_v again_o than_o he_o shall_v be_v adjudge_v guilty_a of_o death_n for_o the_o same_o 17_o but_o if_o any_o man_n shall_v contend_v in_o suit_n with_o any_o one_o of_o our_o chief_a man_n aforesaid_a against_o he_o than_o he_o shall_v make_v recompense_n for_o the_o same_o to_o the_o king_n according_a to_o the_o worth_n of_o himself_o which_o englishmen_n do_v call_v pere_fw-fr et_fw-fr pite_n and_o also_o shall_v pay_v unto_o our_o chief_a man_n for_o the_o same_o forty_o shilling_n 18_o if_o any_o man_n shall_v break_v the_o peace_n of_o the_o king_n in_o the_o presence_n of_o our_o mean_a man_n of_o the_o forest_n aforesaid_a which_o englishmen_n do_v call_v gethbrech_n he_o shall_v yield_v recompense_n to_o the_o king_n for_o the_o same_o ten_o shilling_n 19_o if_o any_o of_o our_o mean_a man_n aforesaid_a with_o his_o wrath_n shall_v strike_v any_o man_n let_v he_o make_v such_o recompense_n to_o the_o king_n for_o the_o same_o as_o be_v acustome_v to_o be_v make_v to_o i_o for_o the_o kill_n of_o a_o royal_a wild_a beast_n 20_o if_o any_o man_n be_v take_v offend_v in_o our_o forest_n it_o be_v convenient_a for_o he_o to_o be_v punish_v according_a to_o the_o manner_n and_o kind_n of_o his_o offence_n 21._o the_o punishment_n of_o a_o freeman_n who_o the_o dane_n do_v call_v elderman_n shall_v not_o be_v one_o and_o the_o self_n same_o punishment_n of_o a_o man_n that_o be_v servile_a or_o not_o free_a of_o a_o servant_n and_o a_o master_n of_o a_o man_n that_o be_v know_v and_o of_o he_o that_o be_v not_o know_v nor_o the_o punishment_n of_o criminal_a cause_n &_o of_o civil_a cause_n shall_v be_v one_o and_o the_o self_n same_o nor_o of_o wild_a beast_n of_o the_o forest_n &_o royal_a wild_a beast_n nor_o the_o destroy_n of_o vert_fw-fr &_o of_o venison_n for_o the_o offence_n of_o venison_n or_o hunt_n not_o unworthe_o have_v be_v account_v amongst_o the_o great_a offence_n of_o the_o forest_n even_o of_o ancient_a time_n but_o the_o offence_n of_o vert_fw-fr except_o it_o be_v for_o the_o breach_n of_o our_o royal_a free_a chase_n it_o be_v so_o little_a and_o of_o so_o small_a a_o account_n that_o this_o our_o constitution_n or_o law_n do_v scant_o respect_v the_o same_o yet_o notwithstanding_o he_o that_o shall_v offend_v in_o this_o offence_n let_v he_o be_v account_v guilty_a of_o a_o offence_n of_o the_o forest_n 22_o if_o any_o freeman_n shall_v chase_v away_o a_o dear_a or_o a_o wild_a beast_n out_o of_o the_o forest_n whether_o the_o same_o be_v do_v by_o chance_n or_o of_o a_o set_a purpose_n so_o that_o thereby_o the_o wild_a beast_n be_v force_v by_o swift_a run_v to_o lyll_o out_o the_o tongue_n or_o to_o breath_n with_o his_o tongue_n out_o of_o his_o mouth_n he_o shall_v pay_v to_o the_o king_n ten_o shilling_n for_o amends_n for_o the_o same_o offence_n but_o if_o he_o be_v a_o servile_a person_n than_o he_o shall_v double_v the_o same_o recompense_n but_o if_o he_o be_v a_o bondman_n than_o he_o shall_v lose_v his_o skin_n 23_o but_o if_o any_o of_o these_o man_n shall_v kill_v a_o wild_a beast_n of_o the_o forest_n let_v he_o pay_v double_a recompense_n for_o the_o same_o and_o also_o let_v he_o pay_v beside_o even_o to_o the_o uttermost_a value_n that_o he_o be_v worth_a and_o he_o shall_v be_v account_v as_o a_o offender_n against_o the_o king_n 24_o but_o if_o either_o of_o they_o shall_v chase_v a_o royal_a wild_a beast_n of_o the_o forest_n which_o englishmen_n do_v call_v a_o stagon_n and_o thereby_o shall_v force_v he_o to_o hang_v out_o the_o tongue_n with_o swift_a run_v than_o the_o one_o of_o they_o which_o be_v a_o freeman_n shall_v lose_v his_o natural_a liberty_n for_o one_o whole_a year_n and_o the_o other_o of_o they_o that_o be_v not_o a_o freeman_n shall_v lose_v his_o natural_a liberty_n for_o two_o whole_a year_n but_o if_o he_o be_v a_o bondman_n than_o afterward_o he_o shall_v be_v take_v for_o a_o outlaw_n which_o englishmen_n do_v call_v frendlesman_n 25_o but_o if_o a_o freeman_n shall_v slay_v a_o wild_a beast_n he_o shall_v lose_v the_o defence_n of_o his_o liberty_n but_o if_o he_o be_v
trespass_n and_o three_o year_n imprisonment_n and_o after_o shall_v make_v fine_a at_o the_o king_n pleasure_n if_o he_o have_v whereof_o and_o then_o shall_v find_v good_a surety_n that_o after_o he_o shall_v not_o commit_v like_o trespass_n and_o if_o he_o have_v not_o whereof_o to_o make_v fine_a after_o three_o year_n imprisonment_n he_o shall_v find_v like_o surety_n and_o if_o he_o can_v find_v like_o surety_n he_o shall_v abjure_v the_o realm_n and_o if_o any_o guilty_a thereof_o be_v fugitive_n and_o have_v no_o land_n nor_o tenement_n sufficient_a whereby_o he_o may_v be_v justify_v so_o soon_o as_o the_o king_n shall_v find_v it_o by_o enquest_n he_o shall_v be_v proclaim_v from_o county_n to_o county_n and_o if_o he_o come_v not_o he_o shall_v be_v outlaw_v it_o be_v provide_v also_o and_o agree_v that_o if_o none_o do_v sue_v within_o a_o year_n &_o day_n for_o the_o trespass_n donc_fw-fr the_o king_n shall_v have_v the_o suit_n and_o such_o as_o be_v find_v guilty_a thereof_o by_o lawful_a inquest_n shall_v be_v punish_v in_o like_a manner_n in_o all_o point_n as_o above_o be_v say_v and_o if_o any_o such_o trespassor_n be_v attaint_v that_o he_o have_v take_v tame_a beast_n or_o other_o thing_n in_o his_o park_n by_o manner_n of_o robbery_n in_o come_v tarry_v or_o return_v let_v the_o common_a law_n be_v execute_v upon_o he_o as_o upon_o he_o that_o be_v attaint_v of_o open_a theft_n and_o robbery_n aswell_o at_o the_o suit_n of_o the_o king_n as_o of_o the_o party_n west_n 1._o ca._n 20._o an._n 3._o e._n 1._o 19_o if_o any_o forester_n parker_n or_o warrenor_n do_v find_v any_o trespassor_n wander_v within_o his_o liberty_n intend_v to_o do_v damage_n therein_o and_o that_o after_o hue_n and_o cry_v make_v to_o he_o to_o stand_v unto_o the_o peace_n will_v not_o yield_v himself_o but_o do_v continue_v and_o execute_v his_o malice_n and_o disobey_v the_o king_n peace_n do_v fly_v or_o defend_v himself_o with_o force_n and_o arm_n although_o such_o forester_n parker_n and_o warrenor_n or_o any_o other_o come_v in_o their_o company_n and_o aid_v such_o forester_n parker_n and_o warrenor_n in_o the_o king_n peace_n do_v kill_v any_o offendor_n or_o offender_n be_v so_o find_v either_o in_o arrest_v or_o take_v they_o or_o any_o of_o they_o they_o shall_v not_o be_v arraign_v upon_o the_o same_o before_o the_o king_n and_o his_o justice_n or_o before_o any_o other_o the_o king_n his_o bailifes_n or_o any_o other_o within_o any_o franchise_n or_o without_o nor_o shall_v lose_v for_o so_o do_v either_o life_n or_o limb_n or_o suffer_v any_o other_o punishment_n but_o shall_v enjoy_v the_o king_n peace_n as_o they_o do_v before_o notwithstanding_o let_v all_o such_o forester_n parker_n warrenor_n and_o all_o other_o beware_v that_o by_o reason_n of_o any_o malice_n discord_n debate_n or_o other_o evil_a will_n have_v before_o time_n they_o do_v not_o lie_v nor_o malicious_o pretend_v against_o any_o person_n pass_v through_o their_o liberty_n that_o they_o come_v thither_o for_o to_o trespass_n or_o misdo_v when_o of_o truth_n they_o do_v nothing_o nor_o be_v not_o find_v as_o trespassor_n and_o so_o kill_v they_o for_o if_o they_o do_v and_o be_v convict_v thereupon_o the_o death_n of_o such_o person_n shall_v be_v inquire_v and_o execution_n shall_v be_v do_v in_o like_a manner_n as_o be_v do_v for_o other_o of_o the_o king_n subject_n stand_v in_o his_o peace_n and_o like_a as_o it_o ought_v to_o be_v do_v of_o right_a &_o according_a to_o the_o law_n &_o custom_n of_o the_o realm_n statute_n of_o trespassor_n in_o park_n an._n 21._o e._n 1._o 20_o whereas_o certain_a people_n that_o be_v put_v out_o of_o the_o forest_n for_o the_o purliew_n and_o by_o the_o great_a man_n have_v make_v request_n to_o our_o sovereign_a lord_n the_o king_n at_o his_o parliament_n that_o they_o may_v be_v acquit_v of_o their_o charge_n and_o of_o thing_n that_o the_o forester_n demand_v of_o they_o as_o they_o be_v wont_a to_o be_v our_o sovereign_a lord_n the_o king_n answer_v first_o that_o where_o he_o have_v grant_v purliew_n that_o he_o be_v please_v that_o it_o shall_v stand_v in_o like_a manner_n as_o it_o be_v grant_v albeit_o that_o the_o thing_n be_v sue_v and_o demand_v in_o a_o evil_a point_n nevertheless_o he_o will_v and_o intend_v that_o all_o his_o demesne_fw-la land_n wheresoever_o they_o be_v that_o have_v be_v of_o the_o crown_n be_v return_v by_o way_n of_o escheat_n or_o otherwise_o shall_v have_v estate_n of_o free_a chase_n and_o free_a warren_n and_o in_o such_o manner_n shall_v be_v save_v and_o keep_v to_o his_o use_n for_o all_o manner_n of_o escheate_n and_o for_o all_o manner_n of_o thing_n that_o please_v he_o and_o in_o right_a of_o they_o that_o have_v land_n and_o tenement_n disafore_v for_o the_o say_a purliew_n and_o such_o as_o demand_v to_o have_v common_a within_o the_o bound_n of_o forest_n the_o intent_n &_o will_n of_o our_o sovereign_a lord_n the_o king_n be_v that_o from_o henceforth_o where_o purliew_n be_v they_o may_v claim_v to_o be_v quite_o of_o charge_n of_o the_o foreste_n and_o whereas_o the_o king_n beast_n can_v have_v their_o haunt_n and_o repair_v upon_o the_o forest_n ground_n as_o they_o have_v so_o long_o as_o they_o be_v within_o the_o forest_n that_o such_o folk_n shall_v not_o have_v common_a nor_o other_o easement_n within_o the_o bound_n of_o the_o wood_n nor_o of_o the_o land_n the_o which_o remain_v in_o forest_n but_o if_o any_o of_o they_o that_o be_v disafore_v by_o the_o purliew_n will_v rather_o be_v within_o the_o forest_n as_o they_o be_v before_o then_o to_o be_v out_o of_o the_o forest_n as_o they_o be_v now_o it_o please_v the_o king_n very_o well_o that_o they_o shall_v be_v receive_v thereunto_o so_o that_o they_o shall_v remain_v in_o their_o ancient_a estate_n and_o shall_v have_v common_a and_o other_o easement_n aswell_o as_o they_o have_v before_o whereupon_o our_o sovereign_a lord_n the_o king_n will_v and_o command_v that_o his_o justice_n of_o the_o foreste_n on_o this_o side_n trent_n &_o beyond_o trent_n in_o like_a manner_n shall_v keep_v and_o hold_v and_o cause_n to_o be_v keep_v and_o hold_v strait_o the_o foresay_a point_n within_o their_o liberty_n in_o the_o form_n above_o mention_v anno._n 33._o e._n 1._o stat._n 5._o assisa_n et_fw-la consuetudines_fw-la eorestae_n 21_o if_o any_o forester_n shall_v find_v any_o man_n attachable_a for_o vert_fw-fr in_o the_o forest_n first_o he_o shall_v attach_v he_o by_o two_o pledge_n if_o they_o be_v to_o be_v find_v if_o not_o he_o shall_v be_v bring_v to_o the_o next_o town_n where_o they_o may_v be_v find_v and_o if_o they_o be_v afterward_o find_v he_o shall_v attach_v he_o by_o iiii_o pledge_n and_o if_o the_o three_o time_n he_o shall_v be_v present_v before_o the_o verderor_n and_o be_v put_v by_o viij_o pledge_n afterward_o after_o the_o three_o attachment_n his_o body_n shall_v be_v attach_v and_o retain_v that_o he_o may_v remember_v what_o thing_n vert_fw-fr be_v it_o be_v to_o be_v know_v that_o all_o tree_n not_o bear_v fruit_n and_o these_o which_o bear_v fruit_n at_o any_o time_n in_o the_o whole_a year_n and_o a_o ash_n if_o he_o be_v old_a shall_v remain_v in_o the_o forest_n and_o in_o the_o errable_a land_n they_o be_v all_o vert_fw-fr because_o our_o lord_n the_o king_n be_v in_o possession_n of_o they_o if_o any_o man_n shall_v be_v find_v fell_n a_o oak_n without_o the_o demesne_fw-la wood_n and_o within_o the_o regard_n of_o the_o forest_n without_o the_o view_n or_o delivery_n of_o the_o forester_n or_o verderor_n he_o shall_v be_v attach_v by_o iiii_o pledge_n and_o by_o the_o view_n of_o the_o verderor_n the_o oak_n shall_v be_v praized_a and_o the_o name_n of_o the_o pledge_n shall_v be_v write_v in_o the_o rol_n of_o the_o forester_n and_o verderor_n if_o any_o man_n shall_v be_v find_v in_o the_o king_n demesne_n assert_v or_o do_v purpresture_n his_o body_n shall_v be_v forthwith_o retain_v but_o if_o without_o the_o demesne_n within_o the_o regard_n he_o shall_v be_v put_v by_o vi_o pledge_n and_o if_o he_o be_v afterward_o find_v he_o shall_v double_v his_o pledge_n if_o the_o three_o time_n he_o shall_v retain_v his_o body_n 15._o a_o man_n attatable_fw-fr conra_fw-la vadios_fw-la &_o plegios_fw-la be_v he_o that_o be_v bind_v to_o be_v of_o good_a behaviour_n toward_o the_o forest_n and_o then_o after_o that_o bond_n be_v find_v offend_v in_o the_o forest_n again_o as_o it_o appear_v in_o carta_n foresta_n articulo_fw-la 15._o if_o any_o man_n shall_v be_v find_v attacheable_a contrary_n to_o his_o surety_n and_o pledge_n he_o shall_v be_v distrain_v by_o his_o cattle_n find_v within_o the_o bound_n of_o the_o forest_n but_o
that_o he_o have_v make_v for_o any_o offence_n or_o trespass_n of_o the_o forest_n before_o the_o verderor_n of_o the_o forest_n at_o the_o forty_o day_n court_n and_o at_o the_o court_n of_o the_o swanimote_a according_a to_o the_o assize_n and_o law_n of_o the_o forest_n to_o send_v and_o purpose_n that_o the_o vert_fw-fr and_o venison_n of_o the_o forest_n may_v be_v the_o better_o preserve_v and_o keep_v by_o the_o due_a punishment_n of_o such_o as_o shall_v be_v find_v to_o be_v any_o trespasser_n or_o offender_n in_o the_o same_o and_o thus_o â—uch_o concern_v the_o office_n of_o a_o forester_n and_o now_o because_o the_o word_n be_v conueniant_fw-la forestarij_fw-la viridarij_fw-la et_fw-la agistatores_fw-la it_o be_v to_o be_v see_v what_o a_o verderor_n be_v how_o he_o be_v make_v what_o be_v his_o oath_n and_o also_o what_o be_v his_o office_n a_o verderor_n be_v a_o judicial_a officer_n of_o the_o king_n forest_n choose_v by_o the_o king_n in_o the_o full_a county_n of_o the_o same_o shire_n within_o the_o forest_n where_o he_o do_v dwell_v verderor_n the_o definition_n of_o a_o verderor_n and_o swear_v to_o maintain_v and_o keep_v the_o assize_n of_o the_o forest_n and_o also_o to_o view_v receive_v and_o enrol_v the_o attachmente_n and_o presentmente_n of_o all_o manner_n of_o trespass_n of_o the_o forest_n of_o vert_fw-fr and_o venison_n and_o it_o be_v to_o be_v understand_v that_o there_o be_v most_o common_o in_o every_o one_o of_o the_o king_n forest_n within_o this_o realm_n four_o officer_n of_o the_o forest_n call_v verderor_n which_o ought_v to_o be_v esquire_n or_o gentleman_n of_o good_a account_n ability_n &_o live_n which_o be_v wise_a and_o discreet_a man_n and_o well_o learn_v in_o the_o law_n of_o the_o forest_n the_o office_n of_o a_o verderor_n be_v almost_o like_a unto_o the_o office_n of_o a_o coroner_n in_o some_o point_n for_o as_o a_o coroner_n by_o the_o law_n be_v to_o view_v the_o dead_a body_n of_o any_o of_o her_o maiestes_n subject_n that_o be_v sudden_o slay_v or_o find_v dead_a and_o it_o be_v not_o know_v how_o he_o do_v come_v by_o his_o death_n than_o the_o coroner_n be_v to_o repair_v to_o the_o same_o dead_a body_n upon_o notice_n thereof_o unto_o he_o give_v to_o see_v and_o view_v the_o same_o and_o there_o also_o to_o inquire_v by_o the_o oath_n of_o twelve_o good_a and_o lawful_a man_n upon_o the_o view_n of_o the_o same_o dead_a body_n and_o such_o evidence_n &_o circomstance_n as_o can_v by_o any_o mean_n be_v there_o learned_a how_o he_o come_v to_o his_o death_n and_o who_o be_v the_o occasion_n thereof_o even_o so_o a_o verderor_n be_v to_o view_v the_o wild_a beast_n of_o the_o forest_n and_o if_o any_o of_o the_o king_n wild_a beast_n in_o the_o forest_n be_v find_v slay_v or_o sore_o wound_v or_o hurt_v then_o upon_o notice_n thereof_o give_v unto_o the_o verderor_n or_o unto_o any_o one_o of_o they_o than_o he_o ought_v to_o repair_v to_o the_o same_o wild_a beast_n that_o be_v so_o slay_v kill_v or_o hurt_v and_o there_o to_o cause_v a_o inquisition_n to_o be_v make_v per_fw-la quatuor_fw-la villatas_fw-la propinquiores_fw-la forestae_fw-la to_o know_v how_o the_o same_o wild_a beast_n be_v kill_v and_o by_o who_o as_o it_o do_v appear_v by_o the_o assize_n of_o the_o forest_n articulo_fw-la 7._o 7._o assisa_n et_fw-la consuetudines_fw-la forestae_fw-la artic._n 7._o and_o so_o a_o verderor_n in_o that_o respect_n be_v a_o officer_n like_v unto_o a_o coroner_n and_o it_o be_v to_o be_v note_v that_o even_o as_o a_o coroner_n be_v choose_v by_o the_o king_n write_v in_o the_o full_a county_n so_o be_v a_o verderor_n also_o for_o when_o any_o of_o the_o king_n verderor_n of_o his_o forest_n be_v dead_a then_o upon_o certificate_n thereof_o make_v unto_o the_o king_n in_o his_o high_a court_n of_o chancery_n that_o t._n barfoote_o one_o of_o the_o verderor_n of_o the_o forest_n of_o waltham_n be_v dead_a make_v how_o a_o verderor_n be_v make_v the_o king_n thereupon_o do_v grant_v out_o a_o write_n de_fw-fr viridario_fw-la eligendo_fw-la direct_v to_o the_o sheriff_n of_o the_o same_o shire_n within_o which_o the_o forest_n be_v where_o he_o be_v to_o be_v choose_v verderor_n command_v he_o in_o his_o full_a county_n to_o choose_v another_o verderor_n in_o the_o place_n of_o he_o that_o be_v dead_a the_o tenor_n of_o which_o write_v be_v as_o follow_v elizabetha_n dei_fw-la gratia_fw-la angliae_fw-la frantiae_fw-la et_fw-la heberniae_fw-la eligendo_fw-la the_o write_v de_fw-fr viridario_fw-la eligendo_fw-la regina_fw-la fidei_fw-la defensor_fw-la etc._n etc._n vic'_v essex_n salut_v '_o quia_fw-la tho._n barfote_n nuper_fw-la unus_fw-la viridarior_n '_o nostrorum_fw-la forestae_fw-la nostrae_fw-la mortuus_fw-la est_fw-la ut_fw-la accepimus_fw-la ideo_fw-la tibi_fw-la praecipimus_fw-la quod_fw-la si_fw-la ita_fw-la est_fw-la tunc_fw-la in_o pleno_fw-la come_v tuo_fw-la de_fw-la assensu_fw-la eiusdem_fw-la come_v loco_fw-la praed'thomae_fw-la barfote_n eligi_fw-la facias_fw-la unum_fw-la alium_fw-la viridarium_fw-la qui_fw-la prestito_fw-la sacramento_fw-la prout_fw-la moris_fw-la est_fw-la extunc_fw-la ea_fw-la faceret_fw-la et_fw-la conseruaret_fw-la quod_fw-la ad_fw-la officium_fw-la viridarij_fw-la pertinet_fw-la in_o foresta_n predict_v '_o et_fw-la talem_fw-la eum_fw-la eligi_fw-la facias_fw-la qui_fw-la melius_fw-la sciatet_fw-la possit_fw-la officio_fw-la illi_fw-la intendere_fw-la et_fw-la nomen_fw-la eius_fw-la nobis_fw-la scire_fw-la facias_fw-la teste_fw-la etc._n etc._n by_o which_o write_v it_o appear_v that_o a_o verderor_n shall_v be_v choose_v in_o the_o full_a county_n in_o the_o same_o manner_n as_o a_o coroner_n be_v by_o the_o freeholder_a so_o that_o when_o the_o sheriff_n have_v receive_v the_o king_n write_v aforesaid_a for_o the_o choose_n of_o a_o other_o verderor_n and_o that_o he_o by_o virtue_n of_o the_o same_o write_v in_o his_o full_a county_n have_v cause_v the_o freeholder_a there_o to_o elect_v a_o wise_a discreet_a sufficient_a and_o able_a man_n 51._o see_v the_o oath_n of_o a_o verderor_n at_o large_a before_o pag._n 51._o to_o serve_v in_o the_o say_a place_n of_o a_o verderor_n &_o that_o the_o same_o sheriff_n have_v give_v unto_o he_o a_o oath_n according_a to_o the_o tenor_n of_o his_o write_n which_o be_v that_o from_o henceforth_o the_o same_o verderor_n shall_v observe_v and_o do_v those_o thing_n which_o unto_o the_o office_n of_o a_o verderor_n do_v appertain_v within_o the_o same_o forest_n and_o then_o this_o election_n of_o such_o a_o new_a verderor_n together_o with_o his_o name_n must_v be_v certify_v into_o the_o court_n of_o chancery_n by_o the_o same_o sheriff_n in_o his_o return_n make_v of_o the_o same_o write_v and_o in_o this_o sort_n a_o verderor_n be_v make_v and_o no_o otherwise_o then_o this_o no_o man_n may_v be_v make_v a_o verderor_n of_o any_o forest_n of_o the_o king_n 164_o fitzh_n foe_fw-mi 164_o and_o if_o any_o verderor_n of_o the_o king_n forest_n be_v discharge_v from_o his_o office_n by_o false_a suggestion_n by_o a_o write_v of_o the_o king_n direct_v to_o the_o sheriff_n then_o the_o party_n or_o verderor_n so_o discharge_v may_v come_v into_o the_o chancery_n and_o there_o require_v a_o commission_n to_o inquire_v of_o that_o suggestion_n and_o to_o certify_v that_o inquiry_n in_o the_o chancery_n before_o the_o king_n or_o the_o justice_n of_o the_o forest_n may_v certify_v the_o king_n of_o that_o false_a suggestion_n under_o their_o seal_n and_o if_o the_o same_o suggestion_n be_v find_v false_a than_o the_o king_n may_v make_v a_o supersedeas_fw-la to_o the_o sheriff_n that_o he_o shall_v not_o remove_v the_o say_a verderor_n etc._n etc._n and_o if_o that_o he_o be_v remove_v already_o that_o then_o he_o shall_v still_o suffer_v he_o to_o use_v and_o occupy_v the_o say_a office_n of_o a_o verderor_n as_o he_o do_v before_o and_o thus_o much_o concern_v the_o make_n of_o a_o verderor_n and_o also_o his_o oath_n which_o you_o may_v see_v set_v down_o at_o large_a here_o before_o pag._n 51._o and_o if_o any_o verderor_n forester_n or_o any_o other_o minister_n of_o the_o forest_n be_v compel_v by_o the_o shirif_n to_o any_o assize_n jury_n or_o inqueste_n they_o may_v have_v a_o write_v direct_v to_o the_o sheriff_n to_o discharge_v they_o as_o it_o do_v appear_v in_o fitzherbert_n nâ—atura_fw-la brevium_fw-la verderor_n vide_fw-la natura_fw-la brevium_fw-la fitzh_n foe_fw-mi 167._o a_o the_o office_n of_o a_o verderor_n and_o now_o concern_v the_o last_o point_n which_o be_v the_o office_n of_o a_o verderor_n &_o what_o the_o office_n of_o a_o verderor_n be_v &_o in_o what_o thing_n the_o same_o do_v chief_o consist_v it_o be_v therefore_o to_o be_v understand_v that_o the_o whole_a office_n of_o a_o verderor_n do_v consist_v in_o these_o six_o thing_n that_o be_v to_o say_v 1_o ad_fw-la videndum_fw-la 2_o ad_fw-la inquirendum_fw-la 3_o ad_fw-la recipiendum_fw-la 4_o ad_fw-la inbreviandum_fw-la 5_o