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A90893 Christ and Moses excellency, or Sion and Sinai's glory. Being a triplex treatise, distinguishing and explaining the two covenants or the gospel and law: and directing to the right understanding applying, and finding of the informing and assuring promises, that belong to both Covenants. By Vavasor Povvell, preacher of the Gospel in Wales. Powell, Vavasor, 1617-1670. 1650 (1650) Wing P3080; Thomason E1259_1; ESTC R208890 156,531 581

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Covenant made with him they say we are predestinated and ordained to (m) Act. 13.39 2 Thes 2.13 beleeve and to (n) Eph. 2.10 Rom. 8.29 doe good works and not for beleeving and doing good workes Q If God covenanted with Christ to give salvation to some and not to all did he not then leave the rest in a state of impossibility to be saved and in a state of certainty to be damned A. I. God is not accountable to man for his actions and this is sufficient that the will of God is the (o) Rom. 9.15 18.22 supream reason of all his actions and it should satisfie us that God doth what he will and wills himselfe and his owne glory chiefly so that if mans misery tends to Gods glory it is mans duty to be silent and subject thereunto 2. Though God by this Covenant doth entaile and assure salvation upon and unto the seed of Christ yet it doth not necessarily follow that the rest are left unavoidably in a state of damnation It is true that Gods preordination presignation and promise before time declared Gods speciall favour to such as he chose and his preterition and passing by the rest shewed a lesse regard of them and dis-ingagement of God to them Obj. But the absolute electing of some doth argue the absolute reprobating of others A. God in the act of election In no moment of nature did the purpose of condemnation goe before the foresight of sin saith Dr. Twisse in the act of preterition looked upon men as fallen and not as innocent and unfallen and thereby his grace doth more eminently appear in the one and his justice is more apparently justifiable as toward men in the other Obj. But is not election the cause of salvation and reprobation the cause of damnation A. Election and Reprobation are not in any sense the causes of salvation and damnation but Christ is the proper and meritorious cause of salvation and sin the proper and meritorious cause of damnation Election and reprobation they are but precedent and precurrent acts or decrees and the causes of salvation and Damnation they come in between the decrees and the execution thereof Obj. But the Decree of reprobation puts a necessity upon men to sinne for if God hath decreed the punishment he hath decreed the cause also A. The decree puts no more necessity upon men to sinne then the secret intent and purpose of a King to put his just Law in execution makes a malefactor guilty and to suffer according to that law further who dares reply against God if he would have it so Ro. 9.20 Obj. But if a King makes a law so strict that his Subjects cannot keepe it and then punishes his Subjects for breaking it is not that King more guilty then his Subject A. But the case is not so for God when he gave the Law at first to man viz Adam he did not give him such a Law that he could not keep Q. How doth it appeare that Adam could have observed and kept that Law which God gave him in his innocent state A. I. Because the Scripture testifies of him that he was made (a) Ecl. 7.29 upright and in (b) Gen. 5 1 Gods owne likenesse viz. in knowledge holinesse and power and therefore sure he was fit and able to keep it 2. The commandement that God gave Adam to obey it was no hard commandement to be observed by such a spirituall man Ob. But Adam was no other then a meer earthly and naturall man 1 Cor. 15.47 for had he been spirituall he could not have fallen from that state A. It is true that Adams body was of the earth yet Adams soule was immediately from heaven and therefore spirituall And why might not Adam though spirituall as well as the Angels seeing they were alike without promise of upholding them and no union of spirit between them and God or Christ and but mutually good fall from that state Q. What death did Adams transgression and disobedience deserve and bring upon himselfe and his posterity A. All that the Scripture cals (a) Ro. 5.14 1 Cor. 15.21 death which is either naturall (b) Lu. 1.79 spirituall or (c) Rom. 5.2 Eph. 2.1 Iam. 1.15 Ro. 5.15.18 eternall Q. How doth it appeare that Adams sin brought eternall death A. 1. From the words of the Apostle Rom. 5.16.18 Judgement was by one to condemnation and judgement came upon all men to condemnation Now condemnation must bee understood here as in other places of Scripture for (d) Ioh. 5.24 Rom. 8.1 eternall condemnation also the Greek word 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 used in those (e) Ro. 5.16.18 two texts is alwayes in Scripture for eternall condemnation and differs from the word 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 judgement lastly here is judgement and condemnation together which imports both a temporall and eternall judgement 2. That condemnation which is put in opposition to eternall life must needs be eternall condemnation but this condemnation is such Rom. 5.21 Rom. 5.21 for the Apostle saith That as sinne hath reigned unto death even so might grace reigne through righteousnesse unto eternall life 3. It must be eternall death else how and when came mankinde to be guilty of eternall death do the weake and wicked posterity of Adam by sinning now when by reason of their corrupt natures they hardly can doe otherwise deserve and come under eternall death and should Adams sinne which was against knowledge and a cleare Law have no other punishment but a naturall and temporall death Further how can death viz. eternall death Rom. 6.23 be the wages of one sinne and not of another Rom. 6.23 Ob. If Adam had not sinned hee was to enjoy but outward and temporall mercies therefore having sinned his sin could bring him under no other but temporall and outward judgements A. Adam being the (f) Lu 3.38 Son of God and after his owne likenesse doubtlesse did enjoy and was to enjoy had he not sinned the savour and love of God and communion with him which were more then meere temporall and outward mercies On the contrary the losse of these which are (g) Eph. 5.6 Mat. 25.41 two of the greatest and soarest judgements that the damned suffer for ever must needs be more then temporall and outward judgements Q Did Adam by his sinne and disobedience breake the Covenant that was made with Christ before A. No for that Covenant was not given unto Adam before his fall therefore he could not breake that which was not given him to observe Q. Was that Covenant which was made with Jesus Christ before time afterwards made with men A. Yes see Esa 55.3 Jer. 31.31 and 33.20 Eze. 16.8 20.37 Heb. 8.10 Q. Who made that Covenant with men A. God the (h) Hos 2.18 Father (i) Eze. 16.8 Jesus Christ and the (k) Heb. 10.15 16. Spirit Q. When and with whom was that Covenant before made with
CHRIST and MOSES Excellency OR Sion and Sinai's Glory BEING A Triplex Treatise distinguishing and explaining the TWO COVENANTS or the Gospel and Law AND Directing to the right understanding applying and finding of the Informing and Assuring Promises that belong to both Covenants By VAVASOR POVVELL Preacher of the Gospel in Wales Joh. 1.17 The Law was given by Moses but Grace and Truth came by Jesus Christ Gal. 3.21 Is the Law then against the Promises of God God forbid LONDON Printed by R. I. for Hannah Allen at the Crown in Popes head-Alley 1650. To the courteous and Christian READER Reader THis little Book is divided into three parts and it treats orderly of three things to wit of the Covenant of grace of the Covenant of works and of the promises belonging to both In the two first parts is handled most or all of the materiall Questions about the Gospel and Law also the Intent extent and efficacie of the death of Christ together with the Scriptures that declare the same and the Objections that are made about the universality thereof In the last Part are several things concerning the dividing understanding and applying of the Promises with an easie and speedy way how to finde all or most promises in the Bible alphabetically Though there be severall books extant some upon the Gospel and Law and others particularly upon the Promises yet I hope I may truly and without ostentation affirm that this hath the sum of most of them somwhat more then any of them especially concerning the Promises about which I have taken no smal paines where besides sever all other things there are a See pag. 260. c. forty five Rules gathered out of the Scriptures for to give light therein also the promises made to b See pag. 269. Christ personally by themselves in severall particulars and the promises made to the c As pag. 271 c. Jews whilst they were formerly a Church Likewise the promises that concern the d As Pag. 275. c. Jewes hereaster when they are called and converted and these under distinct and severall heads The third Part of this book to wit that upon the Promises may serve for a double use First as a small Concordance where you may find proofes especially those of the nature of promises for most material points in Scripture Secondly this may serve for to help you to find Promises for any thing you desire and which is to be found in the Scripture and that instantly without looking in the Table to the book for that reaches no further then the promises As for example to find Promises of faith See the word Faith in the margin of pag. 331. so of any other word Object But it may bee you will say There were severall Books extant before that did direct us to find the Promises Answ It is very true that other and far more able men then my selfe have done exceeding well herein yet to use the expression of one of them That a child upon a Gyants shoulders can see further then the Gyant So I having the help of their labours herein and of other bookes but especially by a frequent thorow and diligent search of Gods Book I have by the Lords light and Spirit seen and set down without vaine-glory be it mentioned more Promises by severall scores according to comparison and computation and in a more distinct and easie way to finde then others have to my understanding done before me Observe but these few Rules and I will leave thee to tryall 1 I doe divide the Promises into two ranks or sorts to wit informing and assuring Promises and the difference I make between them is this that the informing Promises which are upon the left side of the page doe not speake directly and patly but by way of information but the Assuring Promises speak directs and those are the chiefest Promises As for instance in the word pardon pag. 404. in the Informing Promises in Nth. 9.17 God is said to be ready to pardon But in the Assuring Promises in Jer. 33.8 God saith I will pardon all their iniquities 2Vnderstand that there are not Informing and Assuring promises under every word As for example in the word glory there are no Assuring or direct Promises So in the word finde there are no Informing Promises 3 There are severall things or heads under one word As for example under the word receive there are six distinct things so under the word save 4 Where you finde but few Promises or sometimes but one Promise under a word know that there is no more in the Bible belonging to that word as in the word Peace-makers 5 Note that severall words are of the same signification and if you find not many or several Promises in one word turn and see in another as in the word Assurance See there is know faith beleeve confident 6 Observe that sometime words that give light or testimony to a oint though they doe not sound like P●mises yet they are set downe as Promiss As in the word kindnesse 7 Search for the Promises here and then read them in Gods owne Book and labour to get the Promises especially the chiefe ones and those that are of spirituall and speciall concernment by heart Loving Reader having held thee thus long in the Porch I invite thee into the house but I am sorry that this book is so big and I fear deare but not dearer by any Merchandize I have made of it but it s not so dear to thee as to me it having cost me many nights study because I would not neglect for the Printing of a thousand Books the preaching of one Sermon I intended this onely for a private yet worthy Gentleman who by many severall motions and courtesies put me on I wish him and thee as much good in reading as I had in stuching and writing it And this shall be the prayer of one of the Lords meanest Saints and in him thy servant for thy soules good V. Powell An Alphabeticall Table of the Principall things in the precedent Discourse A ABraham A High Father Pag. 38. The Spirituall Seed of Abraham who ibid. Christ the Seed of Abraham p. 39. The things promised to Abraham what ibid. Abrahams carnall Seed who p. 40. Who his spirituall ibid. The difference betwixt them ibid. Actions The end of Gods actions what p. 12. God not accomptable to men for his actions p. 14. Adam not saved by works p. 3. Adams sinne gave vent to Gods grace P. 4. Adam saved before he sin'd ibid. p. 8. Adam had a power to keep the Law p. 16. The Commandment given to Adam not hard p. 17. Adam a spiritual man ib. His Sin brought death pag. 18. All. The various acceptions of that word p. 121. Arke A Type of Christ p. 32. B BAptisme not necessary to Salvation Pag. 49. In stead of Circumcision p. 51. Believers Nothing charged upon them p. 29. Their unbelief can't frustrate Gods
144. Tendered to all 159. All receive it not Ibid. The Gospel very strictly requires duties 167. And how 168 169 170. Threatnings under the Gospel 171. Gives no liberty to sin 176. The Priviledges of the Gospel above the Law 245 246. The Gospel to be preacht before the Law and how it appeares 246 247. Objections to the contrary answered from 248 to 254. Grace God gives it and acts it 60. True Grace abides for ever 76. God gives it as he pleaseth 166. H HEathens inexcuseable by the light of nature 165. I IEwes Gods People 41. In what sense called holy 42. Considered in the Covenant under a double notion 80. How said to be cast out of Covenant 81. Their eyes were blinded 104. They finned ignorantly many knowingly some 105 106. K KNowledge legall Knowledge not enough to save men 219. L LAw The Law delivered to Moses was a Covenant of works p. 2. And part of the Covenant of grace 50. The difference between the Law and Gospel 168. c. The word Law in what sence taken 182 183. Three Lawes given to men 184. The natural Law wherein it consisted ibid. The Law written in Adams heart how it appeares 185. Lawes given to many before Moses ibid. Called possitive Lawes 186. Adam had the substance of the ten Commandements ibid. Why God gave a Law ib. The parts of the Law ib. Why the Morall Law was given 187 188. The Law discovers sin 189. But not all ibid. How that appeares ibid. The Law agravates sin 190. Restrains sin ib. 191. Is a Schoole master 191. In giving instruction 192. And correction 193. How the Law corrects ib. To whom t is a Schoole-master 194. It concernes Gentiles as well as Jewes 195 196. It keeps men under and shuts up men in sin 196 197. The Law advances Christ 198. And how 199. Is a standing Covenant and Testament to the worlds end ibid. Law what manner of Covenant 200. And the various opinions of men concerning it 200 201. The Law considered two wayes 202. The Law to some a pure Covenant of works ibid. Is not against the Promises 204. The Law a Covenant of workes 205. And how from 206. to 211. The Law where and in what sence called a Testament 211 212. The Gospel the best Testament 212. The Morall Law in force since Christ 213 214 215 216. Beleevers are free from the Law in what sence 217. The Law of what use to Beleevers 218 219 220. Hath not the force of a Covenant of works upon them 221. The Law a curb to the flesh 222. Beleevers are to look upon the Law and how from 223 to 228. Beleevers how they keep the Law 228 229. None keep the Law 229. Beleevers dead to the Law how 229 230 231 332 233. The Law hath no commanding power over a Beleever 233. Though it be so yet it gives no scope to sin 234 235. Mosaicall administration of the Law wherein it consisted 236 237. I hat administration a yoake 238. And now nulled 239 240. The differences between Law and Gospel from 240 to 245. Gods different ends in giving the Law and Gospel 240 241. None saved by the Law 242. The Doctrine of the Law conveyes not the Spirit 244. The Gospel to be preach't before the Law see Gospel When and to whom the Law is to be preached from 254 to 256. M MEdiatour what it signifies p. 25. What Christ did in that Office ibid. Christ the true Mediatour 26. Moses a typicall Mediatour ibid P PEace those in covenant at peace with God pag. 82. May for a time want peace p. 83. Preaching see Gospel Promises lead to Christ p. 31. The Promises made to Abraham of what sort p. 38. And what for matter p. 39. Very sure p. 82 Are of a sanctifying nature p. 87. The fulfilling of them the desire of Beleevers p. 257. Promises what meant by them p. 257. And how taken in Scripture p. 258. Six things to be observed concerning Promises p. 258. Rules to understand the Promises from p. 259 to 268. The Promises belong to Jesus Christ or to men Ibid. The Promises that belong to Jesus Christ p. 269 270. The Promises to men p. 271. And those Jewes or Gentiles Ibid. The Promises made to the Jewes when a Church from p. 271 to 276. The Promises peculiar to them at their next call from p. 276 to 280. The Promises that belong to the Gentiles p. 280 281. The Lord why he makes and performs Promises p. 281 282. How they are to be applyed p. 283. Considerations and Qualifications for the right applying of Promises from p. 283 to 296. The Promises how divided p. 296. How to find the Promises according to occasion p. 296 297 298. R REconciliation Christ hath reconciled some pag. 117. And saved all reconciled p. 117 118. The Word reconciled figuratively taken p. 119. Redeemer Christ sufficient to redeem all 30. grounds against universall Redemption from p. 109 to 121. Objections answered p. 124. c. Reprobation not the cause of damnation p. 15. S SAints vid. Beleivers Salvation of man agreed on before Adam sinned p. 4. No Salvation but by the Covenant of grace p. 152. Not by the Covenant of workes p. 153. Nothing but Grace in Salvation p. 154 155. Instrumentall means there may be p. 156 157. Men not saved by obeying p. 157. Christ willing to save all p. 163. Sanctification reall and seeming p. 136 173. Sin brought death p. 3. A great Sinner in great esteeme with Christ p. 68. Deerest to Christ p. 68 69. 70. All Sins taken away by Christ p. 111. As well under the Law as under the Gospel p. 112. Sin against the Holy Ghost unpardonable p. 113. Christ hath not taken away the sins of all from p. 109 to 121. Sin once pardoned is never remembred p. 136. Purging of Sinne of that phrase and how taken p. 136. Fearfull Sinners invited to Christ p. 161. Sin against the law of nature enough to damn men p. 165. God chastiseth his Children for sin p. 173 Sinners should not object against themselves p. 145. But catch at pardon p. 146. T TAlents God gives to every one some p. 164. May damn for not improvement p. 165. Toleration A generall toleration not to be granted p. 179 180. W VVIll Men have no will to come to Christ p. 160. Christ makes willing p. 161 162. Gives not this Will to all p. 162. But according to his good pleasure p. 163 164. World how taken in Scripture p. 128. to 136. The Elect called the World p. 131 to 134. Words many Words used by the godly which are not in Scripture p. 6 Works Gods workes knowne to himselfe from eternity p. 8. Man unable to doe any good worke p. 13. His work an after worke p. 71. 75. Not justified by works p. 158 206. None saved by their own doings p. 242 243. A Table of such places of Scripture as are in this Tract illustrated or explained Gen. 3.15 Pag. 21. Psal 89. v. 25.27