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A01268 A boke made by Iohn Frith prisoner in the tower of London answeringe vnto M mores lettur which he wrote agenst the first litle treatyse that Iohn̄ Frith made concerninge the sacramente of the body and bloude of, christ vnto which boke are added in the ende the articles of his examinacion before the bishoppes ... for which Iohn Frith was condempned a[n]d after bur[n]et ... the fourth daye of Iuli. Anno. 1533.; Boke answeringe unto M Mores lettur Frith, John, 1503-1533. 1533 (1533) STC 11381; ESTC S105657 100,080 176

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that thing wher in they were offended By this wearke you shall espye their blasphemies the venemous tonges wher w t they s●launder not onlye them that publyshe the truthe but euyn the truth yt seelfe They shame not to saye that we affyrme yt to be onlye bred and nothinge els And we saye not so but we saye that besyde the substance of bred yt is the sacrament of Christes bodye and bloud As the yuye hangyng before the tauerne doore ys more then bare yuye For beside the substance of yuye yt ys a signe and signifyeth that there is wyne to be sould And this sacrament signifyeth vnto vs and poynteth oute before oure eyes that as verely as that bred is broken so verely was christes bodye broken for our synnes And as that bred is distributed vnto vs so is hys bodie and fructe of hys passyon distributed vnto all hys faythfull And as the bred comforteth the bodie so doth the fayth in Christes deth cōforte oure soules And as surelye as we haue that bred and eate yt wyth oure mouth and teth and knowe by our senses that we haue yt w t in vs and are partakers therof no more nede we to doubte of hys bodye and bloud but that thorough fayth we are as sure of thē as we are sure of that bred As yt is sufficientlye declared in my boke Agayne you maye perceyue how wyckydlye they report on vs w c affyrme that we dishonoure yt w c geue yt the right honoure that yt ought to haue And you do playnlye dishonoure yt w c geue vnto yt the honoure that is onlye dew vnto god We geue yt the same honoure that we geue vnto the holye scripture worde of god because yt expresseth vnto our senses the deth of our sauyoure and doth more dypelye prent yt w t in vs. And therfore we calle yt an holye sacrament as we calle goddes worde holye scripture And we receyue this sacrament w t great reuerence euyn as we reuerrentlye reade or heare preached the holye worde of God w c conteyneth the helth of our soules And we graunt that hys bodye ys present with the bred as yt ys w t th● word and with both yt ys verelye receyued and eaten thorough fayth But yf we shuld knele downe and praye vnto the holye scrypture men might count vs soles and might lawfullye saye that we do not honoure the s●ripture by that meanes but rather dishonoure yt For the right honoure of a thinge ys to vse yt ●or that entent that yt was institute of god And he ●hat abuseth yt to any other purpose doth in dede dishonoure yt And lykewise yt is in the sac●amēt w c was institute to kepe in memorye ●he d●th of christ wc●f we do any other wise honoure then we do the holye scripture vnto the w c we maye in no wise make our prayers I saye that then we shulde v●ter●ie dishonoure yt Auoyde therfore this poynt of Idolatrye and all ys saffe Finallye we saye that they speak● well and faythfullye w c saye that they goo ●o the bodie receue the bodye of Christ and that they speake vilynously wickedlye w c saye that t●ey onlye receyue bred or the signe of his bodye for in so sayinge they declare theyr inside ly●e For the faythfull wyll reakyn that he is euyll reported of and reputed ●or a traytoure and a nother Iudas yf me● shuld saye of hym that he did onlye receyue the sacramēt and not also the thynge which the sacramēt doth signifye For albe it he onlie eate●h the bred sacramēt w t his mouth and teth yet w t his harte and fayth i●wardlye he eatethe the very thinge yt sellfe w t the sacrament owtwardlye dothe represent And of this springe the maner of speakinges that the old fathers do somtyme vse w c at the ●irst sight mought seame cōtrarie to our sentense But yf they be will pōdered yt ma●e sone be sen● ●ow they shuld be taken For many tymes when they speake of the sacrament outward eatyng they applye vnto the sacrament owtward eatinge the frute and cōditions of the inwarde eatinge and thinge yt s●llfe ● because that in a ●aythfull man they are so Ioyn●t●ye Ioyned that the one is neuer w t oute the other As by ●xāple Marye is named the mother of god and yet she is not the mother of hys godhed by the w c parte onlye he is called god but because she is hys mother as touchinge his manhode and the godhed is so annexed w t the mā●ed that they both make but one person therfore ys she called the mother of god w c in dede yf y● b● wyselye weyed sha●be founde to be ●bused speache And yet neuerthelesse yt may very will be vsyd yf men vnderstond what ys ment therbye but yf thorough the vse of thys speache men shuld fal● in to suche an erroure that wold affyrme oure ladye to be in dede the mother of hys godhed then necessyte shuld compell vs to make a dystynctyon betw●ne the nature of hys godhed and the nature of hys manhod and so to expound the mater vnto them and bringe them home agayne in to the ryght vnderstondynge As we are now cons●rayned to do in thys sacrament because you mis●construe the sayinges of the scrypture and Doctoures Whych notwyths●ondyng yf a man vnder●●ond them saye verye well And many suche maner of speaches are conta●ned in the scripture As where christ sa●eth Ioan 3. there shall no man ascend in to heuin but he that discēdeth frō heuē the sone of mā w c ys in heuin Thys text doth saye tha● the sonne of mā was thē in heuē whē he ●pake thes word●s vnto n●codemus here o● yer●h w c thinge all wise mē cōsent to be vnderstond propter unitatem personae That is to saye for the vnite of the person For albe it his godhed was in euerie place at that tyme yet was not his māhod by the w c he was called the sonne of man in heuin at that tyme. And yet christ sayd that yt was in heuen for the vnite of his ꝑson For his godhed was in heuen ād because the godhed ād manhode made one ꝑson therfore yt was ascrybed vnto the manhod w t was on●ye vere●ied vppon the godhed as saint Au●ten ad Dardanum doth delygentlye declare And lyke wise in the sacramēt o● baptime because the inward workinge of the holye gos● is euer ānexed in the faythfull vnto the outward ceremonye therfore somtyme the frute of the inward baptyme ys ascrybed onto the outward warke And so the scripture vseth to speake of the outward bapt●me as though yt were the inward that is to saye the spryt of god And therfore s. Paule sayeth that we are buried w t christe thorough baptime And yet as s. Austene expoundeth yt the outeward baptime dothe but signifie this buriall And agayne paule sayeth as manye as are baptised haue put christ vppō thē And yet in
hym sellfe I am a very vyne I am the doore and some muste be vnderstond both literalye spiritualie As when God sayd oute of egipte called I my sonne whiche allthough it were literalye fulfillyd in the childern of Israell when he brought them oute of Egipte with great power and wonders ● yet was yt allso ment and verified in Christ hymsellfe hys very spirituall sonne which was caulled oute of Egipt after the deth of Herod And agayne yt is very spūally fulfi●l●d in vs whiche thorou Christes blode are deliuered from the Egipt of synne and from the power of P●arro the deuyll An● I say that this text of scripture This ys my bodie ys only spūally to be vnderstondē● and not lit●eralie And that doth S. Austen allso cōfirme w c wryteth vnto adamantus sayth● Thes sentenses of scripture christ was the ●●one The bloude ys the soule and this ys my bodie● are figuratiuelie to be vnderstōden that ys to say spūally or by the way of an allegorie and thus haue I S. Austen whollie on my side whiche thinge shall yet here after more playnly apere Nowe his exāple of his bridgromes ring I very well a lowe for I take the blessed sacramēt to be left w t vs for a very tokē a memoriall of christe in dede But I say that the hole substance of the same tokē memoriall is his owyn blessed bodie And so I saye that christe hathe lefte vs a better tokyn then this mā wolde haue vs take yt for And therin he fareth like a mā to whō a bridgrome had deliuered a goodlye golde ringe w t a riche rubie therin to deliuer to his bryde for a token And then he wolde like a faulse shrewe kepe awaye that golde ring and geue the bride in stede therof a proper ringe of a rishe and tell hyr that the bridgrō wolde sende hyr no better Or els like one that when the bridgrom hade geuyn soche a ring of golde to his bride for a token wyll tell her playne and make hyr beleue that the ringe were but coper or brasse to minishe the bridgromes thanke ¶ I am right glad that ye admit teth myn exāple and graunte that the sacrament ys left to be a very token and a memoriall of Christe in dede But where you saye that the hole substance of the sam● token and memoryall ys hys owyn blessed bodye that ys soner sayd than proued For Saynt Austen shewyth the contrary as yt is partelye before touched and here after shal be d●clared more playnlye And where yow saye that we fare lyke a faulse shrew that wolde kepe the gold ringe from the bride and geue hyr a ringe of a rishe or tell hyr that hyr golde ringe were coꝑ or brasse to minishe the bridgromes thanke I answer that we denye not but that the ringe ys moste fine gold and is sett wi●h as ryche Rubyes as can be gotton For that ringe I meane the sacrament ys not onl● a moste parfayte tokyn and a memoryall of they brydgromes benefytes and vnfayned fauour on hys partye but yt is allso on the other partye eucharistye that ys to saye a thankes geuynge for the gracyous gyftes which she vndoubtedly knowelegeth her sellf to haue receyued For as verely as that bred ys broken amōge them so verely was Christes bodye brokyn for ther synnes And as ver●ly as they receyue that brede in to ther bellye thorough eatinge yt so vere●ye do they receyue the frute of his deth in to ther soulys by beleuinge in hym And therfore they assem●le to that so●ꝑ not for the valure of the bred ● wyne or meate that ys ther eatin but for th entent to geue hym thankes commenlye amonge them all for hys i●est●mab●e goodnes But to procede vnto oure purposse yt a mā wolde cōme vnto the bryde tell hyr that t●is goodly gold ringe were her owyn brydgrome both fleshe bloude and bones as you doo then I thy●ke yf she haue any wyt she might answer hym that he mocked and the more he sayd yt the lesse she might be●eue hym ● and saye that yf that were her owyn brydgro●e what shulde she then nede any remembraunce of hym or why shoulde he geue yt her for a remembrā●e For a remembrāce p̄suposeth the thynge to be abse●t and therfore yf this be a remembrance of hym t●an can he no● here be present I meruell me therfore moche that he ys not aferde to affirme that thes wordes of Christe of hys bodie and of his bloude muste nedes be vnderstond by waye of a similitude or an allegorye as the wordes be of the vyne and the doore Nowe this he wottes well that though some word●s spokyn by the mouthe of Christ ●e to be vnderstonden only by way of a similitude or an allegorye yet followyth yt not ther vppon that euery l●ke worde of christe in other places was non other but an allegorie for suche was the shyfte and cauillacion that the wycked arrians vsed w c toke from Christes parson his omnipotent godhed I graunt that the Arrians erred for as master More sayth though in some place a worde be taken figuratife●y yt followyth not therfore in euery other place yt shulde likewise be takē But one questyon muste ● aske hys mastership how dothe he knowe that ther ys any worde or text in scripture that muste be taken figuratuely that ys by the waye of a similitude or as he cauleth yt a necessarie allegorie I thīke though some men may assygne other good causes euidences that the first knowelege ys by other textes of scr●pture For yf other textes be conferred vnto yt ● and wyll not stonde w t the literall sence then I thynke yt muste nedes be takē spiritua●l● or figuratiuelie as ther are infinite textes in scripture Now when I see that S. Thomas w t felt Christe his wondes put his fynger in hys syde called hym hys lorde a●d god and that no t●xt in scripture repungneth vnto the same but that they may well ●tond to gether me thynketh yt were folye to affirme that thys word god in that text shulde be taken figuratiuely or by waye of an allegorye But nowe in our mater the processe of scripture wyll not s●onde with the li●terall sense as shall here after apere And therfore necessite cōpell●the vs to expounde yt figuratiuelye as doth allso S. Austen other holy doctors as here after shall playnly apere If euery man that can finde out● a newe fonde phantas●e vppon a text of holy scripture may haue his owyn minde taken his owyn exposiciō beleued agaynst● the expos●ciōs of the old coninge doctors sayntes then may you surely see that non article of the christen fayth can stōde endure lōge And then he allegith s. Hierom w c sayeth that yf the e●posi●●ō of other interpretours ād the cōsent of the cōmen catholike churche w●re of no more strēgth but that euery mā might
were els fre and the thynge indifferent thys knowelege because yt was not annexed wyth charyte was the occasyon of great offendyng For by reason therof they sate downe amonge the gentyles at there feastes Wher they eate in the honour of their Idolles and so dyd not onlye wounde the conscyens of their weake bretherne but also committed Idolatrye in dede And therfore s. paule sayd vnto thē My deare beloued fle frō worshyppinge of idolles I speake vnto th● w c haue discreciō Iudge ye what I saye Ys not the cup of blessing w c we blysse the fellowship of the bloude of christe ys not the brede w c we breake the f●llowship of the bodie of Christe For we though we be manye are yet one bred and one bodye in as moche as we are partakers of one bred Christ did calle hym sellfe bred and the brede hys bodye And here Paule calleth vs bred the brede our bodye Now maye you not take Paule that he in this place shuld derectly expound Christis mynde And that the verie exposicion of Christes wordes whē he sayd this is my bodye shuld be that yt was the fellowship of his bodye as some saie w c sekynge the kaye in this place of paule locke them sellffes so faste in that they can fynde no waye oute For Christe spake those wordes of his owyn bodye w c shulde be geuyn for vs but the fellowship of Christes dodye or congregacyō was not geuyn for vs. And so he ment not as P●ule here sayeth but ment hys owyn bodye For as Paule calleth the bred oure bodye for a certayne propertie euyn so doth Chryste calle yt his bodye for certayne other properties In that the brede was broken yt was christes owyn bodye signifying that as that bred was broken so shulde his bodye be brokyn for vs. In that yt was distributed vnto his disciples yt was his owyn bodie signifyinge that as verelye as that bred was destrib●ted vnto them so verelye shulde the deth of his bodie and frutte of his passiō be distributed to all faithfull folke In that the bred strengtheneth oure bodies yt is his owin bodye signiyfing that as owre bodies are strengthened ād cōforted by bred so are owre sowles by the faith in his bodie brekīg And likewise of the wyne in that yt was so distrib●ted and so cōforteth vs and maketh vs merye Furthermore the bred and wine haue a nother propertie for the w c yt is called our bodie For in that the bred is made one brede of manie graynes or cornes yt is our bodie signifieng that we though we be manie are made one brede that is to saye one bodie And in that the wine is made one wyne of manye grapes yt is our bodye signifieng that though we are manie yet in christe and thorough Christe we are made one bodie and membres to eche other But in this thinge Paulle and Christe agre For as Paule calleth the brede oure bodye and vs the br●d because of this propertie that yt is made one of manie euin so doth Christe call yt his bodye because of the ꝓpertyes before rehersed Furthermore in this they agre that as Paulles wordes muste be taken spūallye for I thinke there is no man so mad as to Iudge that the bred is our bodye in dede although in that proꝑtie yt rep̄senteth our bodie Euyn so muste Christes wordes be vnderstond spirituallye that in thosse properties yt representeth his verye bodie Now when we come to gether to receyue this brede then by the receyuing of yt in the congregacion we do openlye testifie that we all w c receyue yt are one bodye ꝓfessing one god one faith one baptyme and that the bodie of Christe was broken and his bloude shed for remission of oure sinnes Now sith we so do we maye not a cōpanye nor sit in the congregacion or fellowship of thē that offer vnto ydolles and eate before them For as Paule sayeth ye can not drinke the cupe of the lorde and the cupe of the deuells ye can not be partakers of the table of the lorde and of the table of the deuylles I wold not that you shuld haue felowship w t deuelles The hethen whiche offerred vnto Idolles were the fellowship of deuellis not because they eate the deuelles bodye or drāke the deueles bloude but because they beleued put their confydens in the ydole or deuill as ī their god and all that were of that faith hade their ceremonies gaue hart ye thākes to their god w t that feaste w c they kept They came to one place broug●t their meate before the Idole offered yt And w t their offering gaue vnto the deuill godlye honour And then they sate downe and eate the offeryng to gether geuyng prayse and thankes vnto their God and were one bodye and one fellowship of the deuell whyche they testiffye by eating of that offeringe before that idolle Now dothe s Paule reprehend the Corinthiās for berynge the gyntiles cōpanie in eatinge before the idolle For they knowe that the meate was like other meate And therfore though them sellues fre to eate yt or leue yt But they ꝑceyued not that that congregacyon was the fellowship of deuelles w c were there gathered not for the meate sake but for to thāke and prayse the ydolle their God in whom they had their confidence And all that there assembled ād did there eate did openly testifye that they all were one bodie professynge one faith in theyr god that ydolle So pauie rebuked them for because that b● their eating in that place ād fellowship they testified openlye that they were of the deuelys bodye reioysed in the ydolle their god in whom they had fayth and cōfidence And therfore sayth paule that they can not both drinke the cupe of the lorde testifynge hym to be their God in whom onlye they haue truste and ●iaūce and the cupe of the deuell testifyinge the Idolle to be their god and refuge Here you maye note that the meate the eatinge of yt in this place fellowship is more then the comō meate eating in oth●r places For el● they might lawfullye haue dronken the deuelles cup wyth them the one daye and the cup of the lorde the next daye w t hys disciples What was yt more verelye yt was meate w c by the eatinge of yt in that place and fellowship did testifie openlye vnto all mē that he was ther god whos●e cup they dranke and before whom they eate in that fellowshyp and so in their eatynge they praysed and honored the idole And therfore they that had their trus●e in the leuinge god and in the bloude of hys sonne Christ myght not eate with them And likewise yt ys in the sa●rament the brede and the eatinge of yt in the place and fellowship where yt ys ●eceyued ys more then comen bred What ys yt more Uerelye yt ys brede which by the eatinge of yt in that place
fayth For yt ys no nother thynge to beleue then to haue fayth and therfore when a man answereth that the infant beleueth which hath not the affecte of fayth he answerethe that yt hathe faythe for the sacrament of fayth And that yt turneth yt sellfe to GOD for the sacrament of conuersyon For the answere yt sellfe perteyneth vnto the mynistryng of ●he sacrament As the apostle wryteth of baptyme we are buryed sayeth he with Christe thorough baptyme vnto deth He say●th not we signyfye buryinge but vtterlye sayeth we are buryed He called therfore the sacrament of so great a thynge euyn with the name of the verye thynge yt sellfe c. Iff a man wolde auoyde contencyon and loke soberly on thosse wordes of Sayncte Austen he shall sone perceyue the mysterye of thys matter For euyn as the next good frydaye shal be caulled the day of Christes passyon and yet he shall not suffer deth agayne vppō that daye for he dyed but onece and ys nowe immortall euyn so ys the sacrament called Chrystes bodye And as that daye ys not the verye daye that he dyed on but onlye a remembrance therof So the sacrament ys not hys verye naturall bodye but onlye a remembrance of hys bodye breakynge and bloude she dynge And lykewyse as the next ester daye shall be called the day of hys resurrectyon not that yt ys the very same daye that Chryste dyd ryse in but a remembraunce of the same Euyn so the sacrament ys called hys bodye not that yt ys hys bodye in dede but only a remembrāce of the same And furdermore euyn as the prest doth offer hym that ys to saye crucyfye hym at masse euyn so ys the sacramēt his● bodye But the masse doth but only rep̄sent his passyō And so doth the sacramēt represent hys bodye And ●et though the masse dothe but rep̄sent his crucifying we maye trulye saye he ys cru●ified eu●n so though the sacramēt do but signifie or rep̄sent hys bodye yet may we trulye saye that yt ys hys bodye Why so verely sayeth he for the sacramentes haue a certayne similitude of thos● thinges wherof the● are sacramentes And for this simi●itude for the moste ꝑte they take the namys of the ver●e thynges Blessed be god w t hathe so clerely discussed this matt by this faith full father Notwtstonding he doth yet expresse yt more playnlye saying after a certayne ma●er the sacramēt of Christes bodye ys Christes bodye Be holde deare brethern he sayth after a certayne maner the sacrament ys Christes bodye And by that you may sone knowe that he neuer ment that yt shulde be hys verye naturall bodie in dede but onlye a token and memoriall to kepe in m●morie the deth of his bodye and so to norishe our fayth Besides that his similitude w c he after al●egeth of baptime doth holye expounde this matter for saieth he the apostle saieth not we signifie buryinge but he saieth we are buried ād yet in dede the baptyme doth but signifie yt And there vppon s. Austen addeth that he called the sacramēt of so great a thinge euyn w c the name of the very thinge yt sellfe And lyke wise yt ys in our sacramēt Finallye to be shorte I wyll passe ouer many places w c I haue gatherred oute of this holye father and wyll touche but this one moare Saincte Austen sayth Non ●nim D●̄s dubitauit dicere Hoc est corpus meū cū daret signū corporis sui Et in eodē capite exponit● Sic est em̄ sanguis anima quomodo petra erat christus nec tamē petra ait significabat Christum sed ait petra erat Christus That is to say● The lorde doubted not to saye this ys my bo●ye when he gaue a signe of his bodye And after in the same chapiter he expoundeth yt For trulye so the bloude ys soule as Christe was the stone And yet the apostle sayth not the stone did signifye Christ but he sayth the stone was Christe Here. s. Austen saith playnlye that Christe called the signe of his bodye his bodye ād in this chapiter doth cōpare these thre textes of scripture this ys my bodye the bloud● ys the soule and Christe was the stone and declareth thē to be one phrase and to be expounded after one fasshyon Now ys there no mā so mad as to saye that Christ was a naturall stone except he be a naturall foole whose Iudg●m●nt we nede not greatly to regard therfore we may well cōclude that the sacramēt ys nat his naturall bodie but is caulled his bodie for a similitude that yt hath wherin yt signifieth representeth his bodye And that the sacrament of so great a thinge ys caulled euyn w t the name of the verye thinge yt sellf as s. Austen sayde imm●diatly before This were proffe ynough to cōclude that all the olde fathers did holde the same opinion for who wolde once surmise seinge we haue s. austē so p●ayne for vs w c is the chesest emōge thē all who wolde once surmise I say that the dissented in this great matter from the other faithfull fathers or they frō him neuerthelesse I dare not le●t hī stōde post alone ieste ye dispice him And therfore I will shewe you the minde of certaine oth●r allso and fur●●e of his master s. Ambrose S. Ambrose wrytynge vppon the Epistle of Paule to the Corinthiās in the xi● chap. sayth Quia em̄ morte Dn̄i libe●ati sumꝰ huiꝰ rei in eden do potādo carnē sanguinē q ꝓ nobis oblata sunt significamus That is to saye because we be deliuered by the deth of the lorde in eatyng and drynkinge of this thynge meanynge of the sacrament we signifye the fleshe bloude w c were offered for vs. Here doth s. ambrose saie ynough yf men were not sophisters but wolde be cōtent w t reason For he sayeth that in eatyng ād drinkyng the sacrament of Christes bodye we signifie or represent the fleshe and bloude of our sauyour Iesus Natwtstondynge be cause you are so slybberye we shall bynde you a lytle ● better by this mans wordes S. Ambrose sayth● Sed forte dices speciē sanguinis nō uideo s●d habet similitudinē Sicut em̄ mortis similitudinē sumpsisti ita etiā similitudinē preciosi sanguinis bibis That ys to saye But ꝑaduenture thou wylte saye I se no apperaūce of bloude but yt hathe ● similitude For euyn as thou haste taken the similitude of deth euen so thou drinkest the similitude of the p̄cyous bloude Here maye ye see by the cōferrynge of thesse two sacramentes what s. Ambrose i●●ged of it For he sayeth euyn as thou haste taken a similitu●e of hys deth in the sacramēt of baptyme so doste thou drinke a similitude of his preciouse bloude in the sacramēt of the au●ter And yet as s. Austē sayd before the apostle saith not we signifie buryinge but sa●th we are buried And likewise here Christ sayd not this signifyeth my bodye but