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A65668 An essay to revive the primitive doctrine and practice of infant-baptism in the resolution of four questions I. What are the reasons of God's appointing the token of the covenant to be applyed to the infant-seed of his people? II. What is the good or benefit they receive thereby? III. What is the duty of parents towards their children as bearing the token of the covenant? IV. What is the improvement that children as grown up to years of maturity, may and ought to make of the token, as applyed to them in their infancy / by Joseph Whiston ... Whiston, Joseph, d. 1690. 1676 (1676) Wing W1690; ESTC R38586 159,793 270

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Will that the token of the Covenant should be applyed to the Insant-seed of his People did no reasons of that his Will appear would be sufficient warrant for our practice and ought to oblige all men to a complyance therewith yet to make some inquiry into the rationality of that practice or the reasons of Gods injoyning of it will be greatly useful as to the establishing the practice it self so to Believers chearsul walking therein and honouring God thereby The reasons then may be considered either with respect unto God instituting or the Parents to whose Seed the Token is to be applyed or the Seed to whom the Application is to be made 1. For the reasons respecting God and thus a threefold reason may be assigned 1. His own Goodness free Grace and soveraign good pleasure One special reason of all divine Institutions yea of all that God hath done or doth whether as Ligislator or Benefactor with reference to the benefit of faln man must be resolved into his Goodness free Grace and soveraign Will and pleasure Thou art good saith the Psalmist speaking unto God Psal 119.68 and doest good God doth good because he is good He worketh all things according to Councel of his own Will saith the Apostle Eph. 1.11 As the mere goodness of God is the Fountain and original Spring of all the good he communicates to or any way expresseth towards the children of men so he worketh in the various communications and expressions thereof after the alone Counsel of his own Will Hence as the vouchsafement of the Covenant with a Sign and Token so the commands requiring the Application of this Token to Infants as well as to the adult must be ascribed both to his Grace and Goodness and also to the pleasure of his Will The Protomartyr Stephen enumerates the giving unto Abraham the Covenant of Circumcision among the various expressions of the goodness and kindness of God to him Foedus Graetia quod obsignavit ei Circumsione Piscator in loco and his seed for it was given to him not only for himself but for his seed also Acts 7.8 He gave unto Abraham the Covenant of Circumcision the Covenant sealed and confirmed by Circumcision For God to give to Abraham and his Seed the Covenant was a glorious expression of his goodness to him and them but to add an outward Sign for the confirmation of it was an aggravation of that his goodness The confirmation of the Covenant by an outward Sign adds to the value of the Covenant it self and is a higher expression of the goodness of God both to his people and their seed Hence for Patents to accept of and apply the Covenant with the Sign and Token thereof onely for and to themselves but to refuse to do the like for or to their Seed is to reject no small part of that goodness he designed for them and had by the true tenor of the Covenant granted to them which supposing it may not be interpreted such a despising of his goodness as the Apostle upbraids the Centiles with and by which as he tells them in Rom. 2.4 5. They treasured up to themselves wrath against the day of wrath and revelation of the righteous judgment of God yet it comes fo nigh to and participates so much of it as should make all tender Conscientious Christians greatly cautious of it We see how much God was provokt by Ahaz in refusing a Sign when offered for the confirmation of a particular promise How much more provoking may it be when Parents not only refuse the Sign of his Covenant but his Covenant also though not for themselves yet for their 'T is above question to me that it is less dangerous to err on the right hadd and would be vastly less displeasing unto God for Parents to claim the Covenant for their Children and apply the Token of it to them upon a supposal of their interest therein supposing the one not to extend nor the other to appertain to them than to reject and refuse the one and the other supposing the one doth extend and the other appertains to them Favores sunt ampliandi Favours are to be inlarged 'T is certainly more dangerous to narrow and straiten the savours of God to men than to overamplify them in cases that are dark and doubtful though here I conceive the case is not so but I speak upon supposition that it were indeed so The undervaluing or refusing any expression of the Grace and goodness of God unto men is greatly provoking to him Esau to this day bears the brand of a profane person for parting at so low a rate wich his birth right Heb. 12.16 'T is dangerous either to have our eye evil because God is good to others or to undervalue or reject any expression of his goodness to our selves or ours but that 's by the way Now I say it is from the goodness and free Grace of God guided in the various expressions thereof by the alone Councel of his own will that he hath extended his Covenant with an ourward Sign and Token annexed either to Believers or their Seed so one special reason of the one and the other must be assigned thereunto But then secondly The next reason respecting God is the reference and subserviency that the Application of the Token of the Covenant to the Infant-seed of Believers hath to his own glory he is greatly glorified thereby and that several wayes 1. His Goodness Grace and Love in extending his Covenant unto them is made more manifest and conspicuous unto men As in the administration of the Lords Supper the death of Christ is openly shewn forth as often as ye eat this bread and drink this cup 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 ye openly declare preach or shew forth the Lords death saith the Apostle 1 Cor. 11.26 and consequently both the Grace and Love of the Father in sending his only begotten Son and the Grace and Love of the Son in giving himself to be a Propitiatory Sacrifice for the sins of men is publickly manifested and made after a sort visible unto men So by the Application of the Token of the Covenant whether to the adult or to Infants the Covenant between God and them is publickly solemnized and thereby his Goodness Grace and Love in entring it with them respectively is openly declared and made more conspicuous unto men And consequently as God's extending his Covenant to the Infant-seed of his People is a further and higher expression of his Goodness and Love than his entring it only with themselves so by the Application of the Token to them there is a further manifestation of that his Goodness Grace and Love made unto them and by how much the more clearly and openly any of the Attributes of God are manifested unto men by so much the more meet objects they become for their acknowledgments admiration and adoration and consequently such a manifestation of his Attributes hath a direct reference to his glory