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ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
B09923	An epistle concerning baptism. [occai]sionally written upon the sight [of] two treatises published by Thomas James father of a Presbyterian congre[ga]tion at Ashford in Kent : who [ha]th reflected upon the baptized [C]hristians / [by] [W]illiam Russell.	Russel, William.	1696 (1696)	Wing R2357B; ESTC R187283	23,383	34

overwhelming the Person in Water II. That true penitent Believers are the right Subject of Baptism III. That the Ordinance of Baptism is now in being and is to continue to the End of this World I. I shall shew that Baptism must be administred by Dipping c. if we consider these four things 1. The Etymology or Signification of the Word the Holy Spirit uses to express it by 2. Those Metaphors used in Holy Scripture to represent it to our Understanding 3. From the Practice of the first Baptizers 4. From the grand Commission of our Saviour Mat. 28.19 1. From the Etymology or Signification of the Word The word Baptism is from the Greek 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 to dipt Baptisma a Dipping from 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Bapto to dip plunge or drown It implieth the washing of the whole Body 〈◊〉 even such a washing as is used in Bucks where Linen i● plunged and dipt For the native and proper signification of it is to dip into Water or to plunge under Water see Leigh's Critica Sacra It is a Metaphor taken from the use of the Dyers Vat 〈◊〉 and is such a Dipping by which the Cloth put into it is dyed and not a bare washing only from whence cometh Baptism Zepperus de Sacramentis saith 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Baptism 〈◊〉 vocis notationem attendere velimus vocabulum Baptismi mersionem significat in aquam c. If we will attend to the Notation of the word Baptism it signifies to dip into Water 〈◊〉 or the Act it self of Dipping and Washing From hence therefore and from the Etymology of the Word it self i● doth appear what was the Custom of administring Baptism from the beginning Whereas now saith he we ●●●●ther use Rantism viz. Sprinkling in the stead of Baptism which is Dipping Alstedius in his Lexicon Theologicum printed Anno 1612. 〈◊〉 310. saith thus 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Tingere lavare inficere unde deductum aliud ver●●●● 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 intingere immergere maximè quidem aquâ 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 tantum significat immergere non lavare nisi 〈◊〉 unsequenti From whence it may plainly be seen that this Learned ●●●●hor doth assert That Baptism is to dip plunge or 〈◊〉 whelm the Person baptized in Water And that its ●●●●per signification is to dip or dye and not to wash but ●●●●y by Consequence For which he cites for his Autho●●●● both Plutarch and Nazianzen as may be seen at large 〈◊〉 the Book it self Besides this is so well known that every School-boy in 〈◊〉 Greek-Grammar can tell you that 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 bapto is ●●●●re rendred mergo immergo to dip to plunge or overwhelm ●lso in a Greek Lexicon published and recommended to 〈◊〉 for the encrease of Knowledg by Joseph Caryll George Cokayne Ralph Vening William Dell Matthew Barker William Adderly Matthew Mead and Henry Jessey ●●ey tell us that the signification of 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 is to dip ●●●●ge or drown And in the Passive Voice 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 to be plunged or overwhelmed And that 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 to plunge to overwhelm to baptize to dip And in 〈◊〉 Passive Voice 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 to be plunged to be baptized or dipped In Clavis Graecae Linguae printed at London Anno 1640. 〈◊〉 is thus rendred 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 mergo tingo to dip 〈◊〉 dye 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Idem the same 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 mersio to drown and there●●●● 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 is often rendred to dip into to drown 〈◊〉 from thence the Latins use mersus à mergo drowned ●●●●ered or over whelmed with Water And therefore it ●●●sed in the New Testament for that Holy Ordinance of Baptism it being performed by dipping the whole Body of the Person baptized under Water The Learned Robertson my singular good Friend in his Thesaurus Graecae Linguae saith Baptizo mergo 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Intingo mergo to dye to dip plunge c. Hence saith he is Baptizo which signifies the same As also Baptismos Baptisma c. But the Greek word 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Rantizo he saith is aspergo to sprinkle 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Rontismos Aspersio Sprinkling So that you may ea●●ly 〈…〉 is as much difference betwint these two Greek 〈…〉 Baptismos and Rantismos in Greek as there is betwixt these 〈◊〉 words Dipping and Sprinkling in English and therefore surely not to be conceived to be sy●●●imous so as to signity the same thing I now presume from what hath been said that if the word 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 and its Derivatives are used in all places in the New Testament where this Ordinance of Baptism is spoken of Then it will follow by an unavoidable Consequence that Dipping is the right manner of Baptizing and that Sprinkling is not Baptizing That it is so will evidently appear from an Enumeration of Particulars I will instance in some of the principal when I come to shew you what was the Practice of the first Baptizers But of that in its proper place I now come to treat of the second Particular under this Head viz. Dipping the Persons baptized into Water appears to be the right way of administring this Ordinance if we consider the Metaphors used in Holy Scripture 〈◊〉 express it by There are two I shall chiefly insist upon 1. A Burial 2. A Resurrection We are to consider that our Lord Jesus Christ hath no● burdened us under the Gospel with a multitude of Ceremonies as it was in that Oeconomy of the Jews under the Legal Dispensation But only with some few and those very significant this being a more spiritual Dispensation As therefore the Holy Supper of our Lord in the breaking of the Bread signifies the breaking of his Body and the pouring out of the Wine the shedding of his most precious Blood and both of these in conjunction his Death 1 Cor. 11.26 For as often as you eat this Bread and drive this Cup ye do shew forth the Lord's Death till he come Even so Holy Baptism doth shew forth his Burial and direction Rom. 6.4 Therefore we are buried with him baptism into Death that like as Christ was raised up from Dead to the Glory of the Father even so we also should walk ●●●ess of Life ●ow consider the Metaphor when Men are dead we 〈◊〉 them by covering the whole Body under Ground 〈◊〉 not by scattering or sprinkling a little Dust or Earth 〈◊〉 their Faces only ●prinkling you know hath no resemblance to Bu●●● but dipping or plunging the whole Body under Wa●●● is a most express and lively representation thereof But perhaps Humane Testimonies will please you and 〈◊〉 Pastor better than Divine And therefore I shall 〈◊〉 you the Opinion of some Learned Bishops to corroborate what I say who may be supposed to understand 〈◊〉 Original as well as Mr. James The late

AN ●PISTLE Concerning BAPTISM ●●●asionally written upon the sight of two Treatises published by THOMAS JAMES ●●●cher of a Presbyterian Congregation at Ashford in Kent Who hath reflected upon the Baptized Christians WILLIAM RVSSEL Medicinae Doctor Academiae Cantabrigiensis Lover of Primitive Christianity 〈◊〉 for the old Paths where is the good Way and walk therein and ye shall 〈◊〉 rest for your Souls Jer. 6.16 London Printed in the Year 1696. 〈◊〉 those Inhabitants of Ashford and the adjacent Parishes who attend upon the Ministry of Mr. Thomas James THE Occasion of my writing this Epistle to you at this time ariseth from the Consideration of two Books written by T. J. The one intituled Spira's Despair revived The other called A Vindication of that Part of it which is ●●ed by the Anabaptists c. which is a pretended An●●o a Book written by J. W. in Answer to his first 〈◊〉 c. the latter of which he dedicates to you 〈◊〉 which Book he brings you in as Parties with him in ●●deracy against that People as making you to have ●●●al if not a greater Interest than him in that Pa●●●●ar he hath raised against them 〈◊〉 seeing it hath pleased God by his good Providence to put it into the Hearts of our King and both ●●●●s of Parliament to give us the free Exercise of our ●●●●on by Law which we esteem as a great Mercy 〈◊〉 a wonder to me to read such scurrilous and re●●●●ful Language against those of our Perswasion and ●●●ore for that it proceeds from one who is himself a ●●●●er from the established Religion of the Land and ●●●●ther of a Presbyterian Congregation And to find ●●●●ublishing to the World that the Inhabitants of Ashford and divers other Parishes did join issue with him in ●●●●ng it seems to bespeak but little Sense of the Good●●●● God and of our Rulers in the Liberty you enjoy 〈◊〉 whereas those Ministers that are of the Episcopal ●●●●ision do give us civil Treatment and do not con●●●● themselves to disturb our Peace and Quiet much less ●●●●oach and abuse us I was considering what should move Mr. Thomas James to act as he hath done And at last I concluded it must certainly proceed from that very Spirit and Principle of the first Founder of your Sect Mr. John Calvin who burnt the Books of Servetus a Learned Baptist and afterwards perswaded the Magistrates of Geneva to burn him alive Which Sentence was execute● upon him as Castellio testifies who was a Contemporary with him in these words Michael Servetus was burn alive for his Opinion at Geneva Anno 1553 upon the 27th day of October And yet as one well observes Mr. Calvin did acknowledg this of him That he was a Learned and a Charitable Man Notwithstanding this he wrote a Book to justify the● putting him to death as a Man whose Books were full 〈◊〉 Errors Which Book was sufficiently confuted by t●● Learned Castellio where he also shews that the Reason 〈◊〉 Calvin procured his Death was this lest the excelle●● Parts and Learning of Servetus should have eclipsed 〈◊〉 Glory of Calvin and prevented him from being the 〈◊〉 of a Party And yet Castellio was not a Baptist Now if Mr. James should have imbibed the same per●●cuting Principles it is no wonder to find so much Ranc●● of Spirit appear in him against the Baptists in our Day as he hath expressed in these two Treatises I speak 〈◊〉 this as if I meant to accuse the whole Party for 〈◊〉 know that divers of them are meliorated and have manifested themselves to be Men of better and more peacea●●● Principles But seeing there are some young Men of another mind I thought it not amiss to give you a Cau●●●● against it remembring what an honest old Presbyter●●● Minister said once to some others of his Brethren 〈◊〉 met to ordain three young Ministers who had decla●●● themselves for this persecuting Principle saith he 〈◊〉 will have no hand in their Ordination for there 〈◊〉 Firebrands enough in the World already and 〈◊〉 please God I will have no hand in sending more 〈◊〉 such as they are enough to set the World in a Fla●● where-ever they come And I fear your young Man may be of that number 〈◊〉 pray let me ask you a few civil Questions which I de●●● you to propound to him and do you demand of him ●●ticular and distinct Answers thereunto 1. Whether Mr. James doth not believe the Episcopal Church of England to be a true Church and their Teachers to be true Ministers 2. Whether he doth not own their Baptism and Ordination to be true and valid 3. Whether he doth not think it lawful for you to go to their publick Worship and attend upon their Ministry in their Parochial Assemblies rather than suffer Imprisonment and the loss of your Estates And if this be so Then 4. what can be the Motive to excite Thomas ●●mes to keep up a Separation from the established Church 〈◊〉 England now in a Time of Peace unless it be to get 〈◊〉 better livelihood for himself than he could otherwise ●●ain 5. Whether the fear of losing some of his Auditors or ●●ing hindred from an increase of their Number by which his Income might be diminished might not be ●●e great Motive which excited him to such a foolish way 〈◊〉 scribling against the Baptists 6. Whether it doth not therefore highly concern you 〈◊〉 make a diligent Enquiry into the Word of God and ex●●ne his Doctrines thereby that you may see whether ●●y agree with the Doctrine and Practice of the Apostles ●●d Primitive Christians lest you should be cheated both 〈◊〉 your Money and of your Souls Now Sirs if a prejudicate Opinion doth not interpose 〈◊〉 ●oubt not but it may be said of you as of those in Acts ●● 48 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 you are disposed to eternal Life ●●ed then there will be some hope you will give credit to ●●e Authority of God in the Gospel of his dear Son ●●d be willing to learn what may be taught you Had not Mr. James opposed us in the Point of Holy Baptism I had not concerned my self with him believing he 〈◊〉 sufficiently confuted about his Calumnies against our friends at Ashford by another hand I shall therefore for the sake of Truth use my endeavour to elucidate the Point in controversy that you may ●●re a more clear and distinct knowledg of it Neither you nor your Teacher ought to think it below 〈◊〉 to be instructed in any Gospel-Truth but receive it 〈◊〉 meekness and humility and be thankful to them that 〈◊〉 take the pains to do it For Apollos who was a great Preacher and a Man mighty in the Holy Scriptures did not disdain that a Woman should instruct him in the Way of God more perfectly Acts 18.24 25 26. And for your better understanding the Point in Controversy I shall do these three things I. Shew you that Baptism is to be administred by Dipping Plunging or