profaned and abused the Sacrament how and in what manner it is not so cleare but so that the Apostle tels them in this Verse they came together not for the better but for the worse and vers 20. This is not to eate the Lords Supper We commonly say that is not done which is not rightly done saith Calvin Illegitime edere non est edere Pareus And therefore the Apostle saith twice Vers. 22. I praise you not a Miosis I dispraise I blame you Then having blamed them for doing amisse he instrusts them and useth very strong perswasions to make them reform and do aright He rehearseth unto them Christs institution and explaines it he lets them know how hainous a thing in its own nature and how dangerous in respect of the consequence it is to communicate unworthily Consider three thing in generall 1. The rehearsall of Christs institution of the Sacrament Vers. 23 24 25. Then the Apostles explication of it Vers. 26. And 3. his application Vers. 27 28 29 30. Vers. 18. For first of all when you come together in the Church c. Some take Church here per coetu fidelium Yet Theophylact and all Greek Writers generally expound it the ministeriall place of meeting See v. 22. Divisiâ—ns Or Schismes Schisme is a difference about rites or externall discipline heresie is a difference about doctrine and faith Schismes many times degenerate into Heresies Vers. 19. For there must be also heresies among you There is not any need of them for any good in themselves they are the diseases of the Church but there are sufficient causes alwaies in blind and corrupt judgements He saith not it is possible but necessary that heresies be as fire to try and purge the Gold It behoves that there be heresies in the Church as it is necessary there should be poyson and venomous creatures in the world because out of them God will worke medicines See Matth. 18.7 That they which are approved sincere in the faith may be made manifest among you That is known to be sincere by their constancy Vers. 20. The Lords Supper so called partly from the Authour and partly from the free circumstance of the evening time 1 Cor. 10.21 11.23 See Grotius Eate The Papists goe about to establish their administration of the Lords Supper under one kind from the Word 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 but that word is used generally for the whole action of the Sacrament viz. the distribution of the bread and Wine and the Syriack propounds it more distinctly rendring it Comedentes vos bibentes Waltherus in officina Biblica Vers. 22. Despise ye the Church of God That is the place where Gods people come together for his service Vers. 23. For I have received of the Lord that which also I delivered unto you And as he received what he delivered so he delivered what he received he kept nothing back Acts 20.27 That the Lord Iesus Onely he is sufficient to institute the Sacrament who can conferre the grace of it If we either respect Christ as Lord or Jesus if either our duty to him or safety by him then let us also respect this Sacrament The same night Christ did institute the Sacrament at night because immediately after the Passeover Matth. 26.19 20 26. and by the Law the Passeover was to be eaten at night Exod. 21.6 8. In which he was betrayed Greek signifies delivered or given up into the hands of his adversaries who condemned and crucified him The word is often used of Iudas who did it treacherously and so betrayed him Matth. 27.3 Marke 14.21 Luke 22.22 Iohn 18.2 but sometimes it is used of God himselfe Rom. 8.32 sometimes indefinitely Rom. 4. ult so here it may be taken Took bread off the Table setting it apart for a holy use Exod. 12.5 6 21. This signifies that Christ by the eternall purpose and decree of God was separated and set a part to be made a sacrifice and offering for us Here and in the 26 27 28 verses the Apostles cals it Bread after consecration therefore the substance of Bread doth remain after the words of consecration Vers. 24. And when he had given thanks He gave thanks to God for his mercy towards mankind and the inestimable benefit of redemption by his death the Sacrament whereof he was instituting This teacheth us to come with thanksgiving to the Lords Table hence the Sacrament is termed the Eucharist Calvin This is my body a figure signe and representation of my body the signe put for the thing signified because of the analogy between them See Gen. 7.10 Exod. 2.11 1 Cor. 10.4 Tit. 3.5 The Fathers generally expound it the Sacrament of his body Cornelius a Lapide on Esay saith if Christ had not been incarnate the Priests pronouncing of these words hoc est corpus meum would have incarnated him and on this place he saith Sanè in hora mortis in die illa terribili cum sistemur tribunali Christi de fide vita examinandi si me roget Christus cur credidisti corpus meum in Eucharistia fidenter dicam Domine credidi quod in dixisti quod me docuisti tu verba tua per tropum non explicuisti nec ego per tropum explicare ausus sum This doe in remembrance of me By vertue of these words not onely power and authority is given Ministers but a necessity is imposed upon them to celebrate the Sacrament The words are not permissive but mandatory Vers. 25. After the same manner also he took the Cup After the same manner and to the same end he tooke the cup into his hands that he had formerly taken the Bread When he had supped Or after having supped This Cup is the New Testament in my blood Here are two metonymies 1 A metonymie of the subject Cup for the Wine contained in the cup and the Wine in the Cup is not the New Testament but a Sacrament of the New Testament made and confirmed by the blood of Christ. Is That is sealeth and confirmeth Vers. 26. Eat this Bread Still bread even after consecration bread though not ordinary and common but this bread yet bread And drink this cup Drink this as well as eat that Ye do shew forth the Lords death Hence the Sacrament was termed by the Ancients a Sacrifice viz. representative and commemorative but not properly Till he come This shews the perpetuity of the Sacrament the Passover remained till Christs first comming his death this must remain till his second comming unto judgement Vers. 27. Vnworthily Ignorantly unreverently or prophanely He that comes unto the Sacrament and receives it in an unfit manner without that due regard which belongs unto such an holy action Vers. 28. Let Not spoken by way of permission but injunction not here as 1 Cor. 7.6 36. A necessity is laid upon us necessitas praecepti for it is a plain and peremptory
but the Sacrament doth not so 2. This eating of Christ is perpetuall and that without which no man can have life in him ver 53. But the eating of the Sacrament is not perpetuall nor that without which a man cannot have life in him Vers. 9. There is a lad here 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 a little Lad puerulus Two small fishes 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 two small fishes Small they must needs be as the word in the originall signifies otherwise how could the little boy have tugged them thither The multiplying is thought to have been first in the hands of our Saviour as Augustine notes with St Hierome then to have continued under the hands of the Apostles as Chrysostome and lastly to have its complement in the hands and mouths of the eaters as St. Ambrosa concludes with St. Hilary Vers. 12. Gather up the fragments That is forget not the least benefits Vers. 13. And filled twelve baskets with the fragments of the five barley loaves It is demanded whence the Jews being so poore and in the wildernesse remote from the society of men had baskets so quickly to keep so many fragments reserved Some think that baskets and hay was their houshold stuffe and that they never went without them Delubra locantur Judaeis quorum Cophinus foenumque suppellox But they give no reasons of this their opinion They still carried these with them both because in Aegypt they carried their clay in their baskets and because they used hay or straw to make bricks that by these monuments they might remember their great slavery in Aegypt Tolet saith it is likely that so great a multitude of people had many baskets with them in which they carried things necessary for themselves Vers. 14. The miracle that Jesus did Although Christ to illustrate the miracle commands the baskets to be filled yet also he exhorts his to frugality Calvin Vers. 27 Labour not The greek word is work not take no paines for and it signifieth also the work of the soule study not care not take no thought for Matth. 6.3 It must be understood comparatively rather for the food that lasts to everlasting life The Son of man is come That is the Messiah a title known to the Jewes Dan. 7. ver 3. Him hath God the Father That is the heavenly Father Sealed That is made his Commission authenticall as men doe their deeds by their seale It is a metaphor taken from them who ratifie their authorie whom they send that is approve of them as it were by setting to their seale Vers. 29. This is the work of God That which he esteemeth in stead of all works That ye believe on him whom he hath sent Vers. 35. He that cometh to me shall never hunger and he that believeth on mee shall never thirst Shall a believer that partakes of Christ be so satisfied as never to hunger more we are subject to wants and commanded to hunger and thirst againe Iohn 4.14 First our Lord may speak this in opposition to outward food grace is an everlasting spring he shall never have a totall drouth Secondly it may be meant of corrupt motions to these outward objects he shall never long more after them with that eagernesse or impatience Thirdly it may be spoken in regard of the full content that the soule may take by reflecting on its interest in Christ. Fourthly they shall not thirst with an utter despairing thirst accompanied with a totall privation of Gods grace and love to them Vers. 37. All The greek word is neuter that is the whole body of the Church giveth That is electeth shall come to mee by faith and love I will in no wayes cast out An emphasis in the originall two negatives in no wise by no meanes cast out He that believes in me shall certainly have everlastingly life 47. ver Vers. 40. And I will raise him up at the last day He repeats this foure times in the same words that we may be certaine about this hope Vers. 44. No man can come to me There is a double cannot saith a reverend Divine one of meere weaknesse shewing that he which cannot doe the thing wants power to doe it Another of malignity or willing aversenesse which shewes a violent bent of the will to the contrary that he will not use the power he hath I will not undertake the maintaining of this distinction Except the Father which hath sent me draw him That is incline and turne mans will unto his aime and make it of an unwilling will a willing will the reason hereof is Rom. 8.7 In the calling of men by the word there is a Trabere and a venire The Father draweth and the man commeth that notes the efficacy of Grace and this the sweetnesse of Grace Grace works strongly and therefore God is said to draw and it worketh sweetly too and therefore man is said to come Dr. Reynolds on Psal. 110. ver 1. Vers. 45. In the Prophets It is only in Esay 54.13 but because it is contained in that part of the bible which they called the Prophets it is rightly so said Calvin They shall be all taught of God Non singula generum sed genera singulorum Cajetane that is men of any nation condition sex all that will shall be docible say Chrysostome and Theophylact all which shall be worthy Cyrill All Because none is taught but of God as he that only teacheth the children in a City teacheth all not because all learne but because whosoever learnes learnes of him rather all the sons of the Church Austen Commeth unto me That is beleeveth in me Vers. 47. He that believeth on mee hath everlasting life Sanctification is the beginning of glorification therefore Saint Paul omitteth it Rom. 8.30 Vers. 48. I am that bread of life What ever was in the Manna formally and really was in Christ transcendently there was infinitely more in him to the soule than could be in that to the body It was admirable in many things yet it was but a creature Christ is the Creator Secondly it was wholly an instrument in the hand of Christ he fed them with that Manna often in this chapter Thirdly though it was used to preserve life by the blessing of God yet it self was without life but Christ here tells them he is the manna that living bread It could not preserve from death 49. ver but Christ doth v. 51. Vers. 51. I am the living bread Or quickning bread according to other translations The person of Christ incarnate is meant under the metaphor of bread and our beliefe is signified by eating Christs flesh is living bread both formaliter in se effectivè in nobis makes them that eat it live for ever 57. ver My flesh Or my body this place and that Heb. 10.10 is to be synechdocally understood under one kind comprehending all his sufferings Vers. 52. Give us his flesh to eate Here
is to erre and mistake in judging Adam did not eat out of errour as Eve for he did not perswade himselfe that he should get more knowledge by it but alone was drawn to follow his wife by her intreaty as not thinking that death could follow the eating of the fruit when he saw that his wife who had eaten already was not dead but as healthy as before Yet Adam sinned more then Eve because he received the Commandement from the Lord he had more wisedome and strength and had a greater measure of knowledge Therefore this place here saith Paulus Fagius on third of Gen. 19. is to be understood of the weaknesse of women not of the greatnesse of the sinne Vers. 15. Notwithstanding she shall be saved in Childe-bearing 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 by bearing of that childe viz. Jesus Christ which words are to be understood saith one as those of Gal. 3.16 by the childe-bearing of one of that sexe woman kinde shall be restored into a capacity of heavenly blisse or in that is thorough or by Child-bearing Non causam cur salvabitur sed statum in quo salvabitur designat Rivetus It is added if they shall continue which it is not to be understood of the children but of the woman that is to say the sexe which being a word collective signifying a multitude is joyned to a verbe of the plurall as turba ruunt CHAP. III. Vers. 1. IF a man desire the office of a Bishop This Greeke word signifies an earnester desire then the other following because the same thing say Estius and Gerhard by the name of Episcopacy is more ardently desired then by the name of work and duty Vers. 2. A Bishop then must be blamelesse viz. In respect of his life and outward conversation The husband of one wife Because in the East particular men had sometimes more wives as now the Jews and Turks have say some But he means it at one time as Ch. 5. v 9. though he have been married more then once The godly ancient fathers accounted him to be Bigamus that had two wives at once and not him that had been twice married Vigilant That diligently attends his flock Vulg. Sobrium Estius and Gerhard say both significations agree Sober 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 The Greek word properly signifies a man of a sound mind that is prudent and circumspect Some have rendred it prudentem others pudicum others temperantem the Greek word signifies all these saith Estius and Gerhard after him Of good behaviour Or neate 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 In countenance gate speech and whole habit of the body well and decently composed Given to hospitality 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 A lover of strangers who willingly entertaines and receives Christians especially Ministers Apt to teach 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 furnished with gifts of teaching Vers. 3. Not given to Wine That is to be a common tipler and one that loves to sit by the Wine morning and evening day by day No striker Cognata vitiae sunt vinolentia violentia Non oporâ—et Episcopum esse percussorem Nor greedy of filthy lucre When one by unlawfull means heaps up riches and is more tenacious of his Goods then fit 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 est turpis lucri sectator It may be referred to the object that one should not gaine by any base thing and to the manner that one should not filthily affect gaine from an honest thing Gerh. in loc This seems redundant for it follows after not covetous à Lapide But patient One that will depart from his own right for peace sake Not a brawler 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 alienus à pugna Not covetous Not a lover of silver 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Munster in the third Book of his Cosmography hath a terrible example of covetousnesse in Hatton Archbishop of Mentz which calling the poore Mice and suffering them like Mice to perish with hunger by the just judgement of God was invaded by Mice which fled to his Tower which is yet to be seen on the River of Rhene and there devoured him Vers. 6. Not a novice Paul saith not 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 but 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 it is not meant of young in yeeres but in faith one newly converted to the Christian faith as it were a tender and young plant in Christianity Such a one is apt to be proud especially if a Minister He fall into the judgement or condemnation of the divell That is into the same condemnation with the devill Vers. 8. Likwise Similâ—er Vulg. In the Greek it is not 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 but 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 which signifies itidem in like manner Must the Deacons be grave 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 id est Prae gravitate reverendus to be reverenced for his gravity Chap. 4.12 Titus 2. ult Vers. 13. For they that have used the office of a Deacon well Some would have it rendered they which have discharged the office of a Deacon well and finde fault with the Genevah for rendring it those which have ministred well purchase to themselves a good degree Some would have it rendered prepare unto themselves a fair step since 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 properly signifies a stair or a step as Acts 21.35 Doe justly obtaine the favour and honour to be preferred to the higher offices in the Church Dr Hâ—lls Paraphrase Vers. 15. The Church of the living God the pillar and ground of truth In old time the Gentiles used to write their Laws in Tables and so hang them upon pillars of stone that the people might read them as Proclamations are nailed to posts in Market-townes they had other pillars also like the Pasquils in Rome whereupon whosoever listed hung their Epigrams or Libels which they would have known The Apostle describing the Church likens it to one of these pillars whose use was to shew what hung thereon This Church here is not the Church which the Papists make to be the Judge of controversies neither the Church representative which is a generall Councell nor the Church virtuall which they imagine to be the Pope but the Church essentall the Congregation of all believers the House of God as he calleth it These words the pillar and ground of truth may have reference not to the Church but to Timothy that thou mayst know how to behave thy selfe as a pillar and ground of truth in the Church of God which is the House of the living God for having called the Church a house it may seem somewhat heterogeneous to call it a Pillar 2. The Church which here Paul speaks of was that in which Timothy conversed and that was the particular Church and not the Romane 3. If he speake of the Universall Church this shews us what it should be not alwaies what it is as that You are the Salt of the earth said Christ to his Disciples because it was their
by Christ 564 In the Bowels of Jesus Christ I have you in my heart 292 Our daily Bread what 16 why called ours ib. Christ the Bread of life 148 Bread after consecration 246 C CAjetans errour 258 A twofold call 231 Came together Mat. 1.18 what it signifies 3 It is easier for a Camel c. 51 52 131 The Word compared to a Candle 116 Lead Captivity captive 284 Arguments against the immoderate cares of this world 17 18 Everlasting Chaines 576 Charity believeth all things 249 The greatest of these is Charity ib. Children who 568 Children of wrath what it signifieth 281 Children must obey their parents how why 289 Christ annointed the word comprehends his Kingly Priestly and Propheticall Offices 2 He is the anointed ib. The first-born 4 And I of Christ opened 230 To confesse Christ what 128 We are Christs how 234 Three Cities of Christ 23 The Church called the Kingdom of Heaven why 47 Two things required of those who would enter into this Kingdom ib. True Church compared to a woman why 596 Tell it unto the Church 48 Circumcision and uncircumcision what 268 273 Circumcised debtors to the Law ib. Why Paul circumcised Timothy 197 Inward circumcision in what it consists 304 To heap coales of fire on ones head what 225 The Epistle to the Colossians when written 301 The occasion of the writing with the sum and substance thereof ib. Commandement the sixt interpreted 12 Three degrees besides actuall murther of the breach thereof ib. The punishment due to each degree ib. Commandement 7. interpreted 13 First and great Commandement which why so called 60 90 The second thou shall love thy Neighbour c. how like unto it 60 Why the fifth Commandement Rom. 13.9 omitted 226 Communion what 241 He that believeth not is condemned already 145 Continence a gift of God 50 Corban what 85 Corinth where seated notable for wisdom infamous for lust 230 The Epistle to the Corinthians written before that to the Romans ib. A covetous man termed an Idolater why 287 Take up his Crosse 44 45 The preaching of the Crosse why so called 230 To glory in the Crosse of Christ what 275 A Crown of life what why so called 581 A Cubit what 18 Cup signifies afflictions 53 54. why 75 This Cup is the New testament in my blood 245 D WHy the Tribe of Dan Rev. 7. omitted 589 Darknesse over all the earth at Christs death 138 Not naturall ib. What it denoted ib. Day divided into four quarters 53 Daily bread what 16 why called ours ib. Ill translated supersubstantiall ib. The Dead shall heare his voyce 147 Pains of Death Act. 2.24 signifie not the torments of Hell 187 Not lawfull for us to put any man to Death 166 We cannot satisfie for our own debts 49 Who will render to every man according to his deeds Rom. 2.6 infers not merit of works 208 Deity of Christ proved 561 Self deniall what 44 45 112 Depths of Satan what 582 Destroy this Temple 144 Devill called a Dragon why 596 The Devill bounded by God 581 Why Christ suffered not the Devils to speak 79 Diligence implies both speed and seriousnesse 562 The Disciple known to the High-priest who 165 No prerequisite disposition in us 68 Dogs who 19 296 why Seducers so called ib. Dove its nature 27 Saw the Spirit descending like a Dove 8 Shaking off the dust what meant thereby 27 114 195 Reciprocall duties of Wives and Husbands 288 306 of Children and Parents 289 707 of Servants and Masters ib. The Spirit of God to dwell in us what 217 E THere will the Eagles be gathered together 128 To eat Christs flesh and drink his blood what 148 The Elect may fall into fundamentall errours but not persist in them 65 Emanuel God with us 4 Ephesus 277 Equivocation not grounded on Luke 24.28 the place opened 140 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 what it signifies 1 The Evil one who and why the devil so called 14 36 Resist not Evil but c. opened 14 Excommunication termed a delivery unto Satan why 236 To whom it pertaineth 235 Eye Matth. 6.22 c. taken for the understanding 17 A single eye what ib. F FAith what it signifies 226 Faith preserveth a man to salvation 554 One not saved by anothers faith 197 Faith overcomes the world 572 Faith as a grain of Mustard-seed what 128 Faith obtaines more then it wishes 132 It worketh by love 273 The Faith of the Elect but one 284 If I had all faith expounded 248 The excellency of faith 23 Four things requisite to justifying faith 42 All great in the woman of Canaan ib. God faithfull and just in forgiving sins 567 Whose Fan is in his hand 8 Farthing how much 13.28 To pay the utmost Farthing 13 Christ fasted 40 daies and 40 nights why 8 My Father is greater then I 162 Call no man father 61 Father mother wife must be hated how 123 The Father judgeth no man 147 Fellowship with God and Christ brings full joy why 567 Filled with the Holy ghost 96 A threefold fulnesse of the Holy Ghost 189 Fulnesse in Christ 142 The fulnesse of him that filleth all in all 280 To finish ones course with joy what 200 Tried with fire what 554 Maketh fire come down from Heaven 601 First born who 4 100 302 Christ the First born and why so called 4 Christ the First born of the dead 302 The First fruits of those that slept 252 To be in the Flesh what 217 Flesh and Spirit what 274 The Spirit lusteth against the Flesh ib. Flesh and blood what 254 Pray that your flight be not in the Winter or on the Sabbath day why 64 To follow Christ what 150 Christ compared to food why 148 Foolishnesse of preaching 231 For implies not meritoriousnesse of works 110 God onely forgiveth sinnes 169 How Ministers remit or retain them ib. Fornication to be eschewed for six reasons 238 Fornication forbidden amongst things indifferent Acts 15.29 why 196 How Christ was forsaken and what it shews 76 Who so forsaketh not all cannot be my disciple 123 Four beasts with wings full of eyes 585 Four and twenty Elders 584 Fruits of the Spirit 274 A Furlong how much 156 G GAbriel what it signifies 96 Why the Angel says I am Gabriel ib Galatia where 267. Of the Galileans whose blood Pilate mingled with their Sacrifices 120 To gather together in one 278 VVhere two or three are gathered together c. 49 It makes not a generall councell ib. Nor that they cannot erre ib. Severall doubts in Christs Genealogie according to Matthew cleared as 1. The sonne of David the sonne Abraham the words explained why Christ so called and why David promised before Abraham 2 2. All women in Christs Genealogie except the blessed Virgin have a mark of infamy upon them and why ib. 3. Those words Joram begat Ozias explained and why Ahaziah Joaz and Amaziah are pretermitted 2 3 4. The 11 and 12 Verses concerning Jechonias cleared 3 5. VVhy the