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death_n	book_n	life_n	write_v	4,779	5	6.1891	4	false

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ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A10176	A discourse of housebandrie No lesse profitable then delectable: declaryng how by the housebandrie, or rather housewiferie of Hennes, for fiue hundred frankes or Frenche poundes (makyng Englishe money lv.pi.xi.s̄.i.d.) once emploied, one maie gaine in the yere fower thousande and fiue hundreth frankes (whiche in Englishe money, maketh fiue hundreth poundes) of honest profite: all costes and charges deducted. Written in the Frenche tongue by Maister Prudens Choiselat. And lately translated into Englishe by R.E.; Discours oeconomique non moins utile que recreatif. English.	Prudent Le Choyselat, M.; R. E., fl. 1580.	1580 (1580)	STC 20453; ESTC S100870	18,508	32

flatterie to gett riche wiues But of the bearded Aesculapians suche as was the famous Florentine a man of singuler knowledge and experience in his art and famous for the wise counsaill whiche he gaue to his daughter pursued by the vnchaste loue of Ladislaus kyng of Naples and Hungarie Sutche auncient Phisitions will easily permitt the necessitie of Nature and confirme the wholesome Edicte of the Emperour Claudius who as witnesseth Suetonius permitted in banquettes and companies freely and without shame to let scape the winde of the beallie knowyng that certaine shamefaste persones subiecte to the Collicke haue died for holdyng the saied ventositie As also Cicero in the xxij booke of his Epistles saith that fartyng ought to be as free as belchyng after the opinion of the Stoikes You shall giue theim to vnderstande that you can daiely furnishe their Pacientes with newe laied Egges euery mornyng without faile You shall also aduertise theim of theim that haue the sellyng and distribution of them You shall also take heede that you haue not to deale with suche Phisitions whiche haue nought els to doe theim to walke their Mules as thei were whiche were obserued by Maister Francis Rables Pentagruell to departe out of their lodgyng at sixe of the clocke in the mornyng and to returne at Noone without strikyng of stroke For suche are the verie pacientes of impaciētes by the vnderstandyng of Epoptiques and Acromatiques of Aristotle and Alexander his Disciple whiche thei thought onely worthie to bee read as writeth Quintus Curtius In like maner you must bee acquainted with xv or xx Gainsellers or Regraters suche as can chatte and babble beste and walke aboute all the streates and the fower corners of the Citée and the moste famous places of the same as the Burse the Pallaice the greate Haules the Portes and other places of greate resorte Assuryng theim to furnishe them daiely of a number of newe laied Egges which thei shall sell and distribute to your profite agreeyng with theim for reasonable price and wages as shal be saied hereafter Hauyng kepe this order you shall bee carefull and diligent to cause your Egges daiely to bee caried to the Gainsesters or women that shall sell them againe in the morning of the daie followyng You maie carie thē beste vpon Asses For whiche purpose that Beaste is very proper because of his slowe goyng that he breake not the Egges But take heede that thei eate no Figges leaste you bruste for laughyng as did the Philosopher Chrysippus as writeth Diogenes Laertius in his booke of the liues of Philosophers The like also chaunced to Philomenes as writeth Valerius Maximus in his Chapiter of rare kyndes of Death Now it resteth to make you vnderstande the profite that shall come vnto you daiely of your summe all charges and expenses deducted the rent of your house paied the wages of your seruauntes the Gainsellers contēted the charges of the Asse his keeper compted and also the graine or corne wherewith your Hennes are fedde For of the sale of Egges is taken no custome or imposition as was in the tyme of Ihon Ducas Emperour of Constantinople and successour of Theodosius Lascaris who was so excessiue that in a few daies the Croune of Irene the Empresse was thereby marueilously enriched in precious stones and iewelles as Nephorius hath left in writing in the third booke of the Historie Bizantine in the chapiter of the famine of the Turkes You shall sell or cause to be solde euery new laied egge easely for sixe Frenche pence the peece For I assure you that within the Citee of Paris are a thousande yea rather twoo thousande that will gladly giue a Carolus whiche is nyne Frenche pence for euery newe laied Egge beyng thereof assured wherein see you faile not Howe many Gentlemen and Gentlewomen are there whiche greatly desire in the Mornyng to eate a newe laied Egge How many are there of Citezins and their wiues touched with the like desire How many olde folkes wearie of Fleshe could for their Dinner bee contente with a newe laied Egge or twoo For you must knowe that an Egge is naturally of good nourishemente wholsome delicate of easie digestion and maketh good bloud as writeth Alexander Aphrodiseus in his seconde booke and xxviij question of his Problemes Likewise Albertus Magnus writeth that an Egge engendereth in a man as muche good blood as is the bignesse of the yolke whiche tourneth almoste all into bloud I haue yet made no memorie of sicke folkes whiche of necessitie haue nede of new laied Egges by the ordinaunce of the Phisitions whose freendship you shall entertaine for the same purpose The number of the whiche sicke folkes I am sure in the saied Citee will daiely surmounte a thousande persones without speakyng of them that keepe a certain diet as well to encrease the lustes of their pleasures in Venerie as also to restore that which somtyme by excessiue wantonnesse thei haue diminished of their strengthe and health For these also shall haue neede of your marchandize You maie therefore by this deduction be assured of the vent and sale and deliueraunce of your Egges daie by daie as muche as your Hennes shall doe their endeuour orderly to furnishe your Customers Now lette vs retourne to our accompt You can gather no lesse euery daie of your xij hundreth Hennes then eight hundreth Egges whiche are twoo terces or thirde partes of the number Leauyng the other terce or thirde parte of your Hennes in the meane tyme to reste and repose theim selues For the season is not euery daie agreable for all Hēnes to laye Specially in the middest of Winter and other tymes neare vnto that But you shall then helpe them in giuyng them Fenegreke commōly called the dredge of Horses And also Barly halfe sodde For these thinges keepe thē in naturall heate and cause them to laye L. Souses v. s̄ vi d. and ii third partes of a peny xliiij s̄ v. d. ij thirdes Eight hundreth Egges by supputation Arithemeticall at sixe Frenche pence the peece will yeld L. Souses for the hundreth Which in number producte maketh xx Frankes or Frenche poundes a daie Whiche is for the saied eight hundreth seuen score Frankes the weeke and seuen thousande three hundreth Frankes the yeare of honest profite Let vs diuise the charges And that whiche then remaineth wee will call the gaines and profite For the Lawiers saie that wee call nothyng profite sauyug what remaineth after the charges deducted as the famous Lawier Papiniā hath well defined in the xxiiij booke of the Pandectes vnder the title of repetition of dowrie after the mariage dissolued Firste for the pension of the woorke man ij s̄ ii d. and ii thirdes and his House for euery daie twentie Souse whiche by the yere commeth to three hundreth three score and fiue Frankes I here vnderstande yeres of the Sunne consisting of three hundreth three score and fiue daies For fower Seruauntes or maides twentie Souses the daie which is

Speculation of the saied Diuination I will shewe you a certaine practise and Prognostication thereof Certaine greate lordes were curious to knowe who should bee successour to the Empire after Valens fauourer of the damnable sect of the Arrians praiyng thesaid Philosophers to giue aunswere accordyng to their Arte and experience whiche thei had of sutche thinges Who were verie diligent to sa●i●fie their request as commonly men of letters are not ingrate to cōmunicate to others the fruites of their garden Therefore Iamblicus and Libanius chose a place verie plaine and equall of conueniente largenesse and caused fine pouder or ashes to bee sifted therein In the whiche pouder thei wrote the xxiiij letters of the Alphabet equally distante the one from the other one little cubite a so●der whiche is a foote and a halfe The xxiiij Letters so written and ordered made a Figure pentagon or of fiue angles hauyng fiue equall distances Vpon euery of the whiche letters thei laied tenne graines one of Wheate and an other of Barley The Figure beyng set in order thei tooke a Cocke and saied to hym these woordes Cocke enuious Cocke ielous Cocke proude Eate the graine and leaue the letter Then makyng a greate whisperyng in maner of a Charme thei lett the Cocke so Charmed eate certaine of the graines liyng vpō the letters The which letters thē ioyned together and sette in order accordyng to the graines whiche laye on them these letters were founde T H E O D. Theod. And were thereby contented to searche no further And by this Diuination by the Cocke the saied Philosophers gaue aunswere that the successour of the Empire should be one Theodosius or Theodorus or Theodotus wher of Valens beyng aduertised was greatly displeased fearyng least his children should bee depriued of the Empire And therefore putte to death all the greate Lordes whiche were so named Iamblicus had euill fortune and shortly after was poisoned Vopiscus Lampridius and Zonare whiche haue written the liues of the Emperours of the East and West will make you wise in this Prognostication Not without reason I haue rehearsed vnto you this little Cubite For if your figure Pentagon were directed by the greate Cubite whiche is of nine foote accordyng to the whiche the Arke of Noe was measured as some Speculatours haue affirmed you might faile in your Diuination and shall not come to the knowledge of that your desire Neuerthelesse for asmuche as sutche Diuinations bee deceiptes and enchauntmentes of the eyes and senses hauyng in them no substaunce of truthe but rather of lyes you shall giue no faithe thereto For falshoode is euer ouercome by truthe as by example allegorike Iosephus in his Historie of the Antiquitie of the Iewes in the second booke and fifte Chapiter declareth As also is written in Exodus Chapiter seuen Where the rodde of Moises was by the finger of God tourned into a very Serpent and deuoured the phantastike Serpentes of the Magicians of Pharaa And the Aucthours of the saied Magique finally receiued their rewarde as did Iamblicus and as did Arphaxat the Magician of Persia who was striken with a Thunderbolte As was also the Bailife of Mascon whom the Deuill carried awaie as our Chronicles witnesseth And also as wer Mathetin and Hollere Magicians of the Gothes whiche were ouerwhelmed as writeth Olaus Magnus in his Historie of the North Regions in the third booke Likewise Oddo a Magician of Demnarke who was drouned And infinite others came to the like euill ende But now to retourne to our Hēnes To entreate thē and gouerne them well you must haue fower seruaūtes or maides with large eares well to cōceiue and vnderstande your commaundementes and the feete of Hartes with diligente expeditiō to execute the same and a trustie right hande to be faithfull loiall obedient and of fewe wordes For as saieth the Terentian Parmenio it is a greate faulte in seruauntes to bee babbelers and not to keepe their Maisters counsaill Their office shal be to bryng the Hennes into their houses euery daie at fiue of the clocke in the Euenyng in Sommer and at three of the clocke in Winter Also that thei bee diligent to close the entries and windowes of the Hen houses that in the night the Foxe naturall enemie to Hennes Weaselles or Polecattes maie haue no accesse And in the mornyng to open the entries and windowes that thei may come forthe And then to make cleane the Pearches and lathers Also to refreashe their Pottes and Troughes with cleane water For filthie and corrupt water engendreth the pippe and other sicknesses In the daie also the saied seruauntes must be myndfull to visite the Panyers if thei be furnishe with Haye and to refreshe them if neede bee The whiche must be doen euery weeke for engenderyng of Lise Wormes and Vermine whiche make the Hennes leane and cause them to scratche In like maner thei must hee diligente in gatheryng the Egges And by accompt to deliuer thē to a woman whiche shall lay them in order vpon faire wheate strawe in a place of large and free ayre to be kept freashe and cold The same seruantes after that in the Mornyng thei haue giuen them their feedyng of Barly and Otes and sometymes also Fetches or Tares shall caste emong them some drie Horse-dounge to the ende that the Hennes maie labour the more to searche their meate with scrapyng For sutche exercise is wholsome for them Then aboute Noone thei shall feede them againe callyng them with loude voice that thei maie be acquainted with the call of their keepers whom thei will sone knowe as did the Sparrowe of Lesbia Catullma The Parrat of Corinna Ouidiana The Thrustle of Agrippina the wife of the Emperoure Claudius The Rauen of the Shoomaker of Romme whiche gaue the good morowe to the Emperours Liberius Germanicus and Drusus And was bought for twentie Sesterns amounting to the somme of fiue hundred crounes of our money by the supputation of Budaeus after the rate of fiue and twentie Crounes one Sesterne And in like maner shall thei dooe a little before thei bryng them to rouste If your yarde containe twoo Acres inclosed you maye thereof Plowe halfe an Acre in some corner where the Hēnes maie sometymes in the daie scrape the ground and tōble them selues in the duste or sande wherein thei take great pleasure You shall Plowe or hardell the saied lande once in the Moneth that it become not too harde that the Hennes maie easily raise it without hurtyng their clawes You maie also caste certaine seedes vppon the Plowed ground and couer it with the hardell that the Hennes maie take bothe more pleasure and labour in discoueryng it For the Hennes through idelnesse become grosse and heauie and will cease from laiyng When your Housbandrie shal be thus well ordered you must practise in the Citie of Paris with ten or twelue Phisitions dwellyng in sondrie places of the saied Citie Not of the beardlesse and delicate Apollinaries whiche care for nothyng but glorie and ciuill

s̄ iiii d. and ix pence all charges deducted whiche amounteth to three hundreth fower score and three li. v. d. Which seemeth to me an honest gaine and profite vpon the emploiyng of so little a summe and that without all filthie Vsurie By the meanes also whereof your maie feaste your freendes and leade a ioyfull life I saie not prodigall as of Asope the Tragike with his platter of small birdes whereof Plinie maketh mention in the tenth booke of his Naturall Historie Neither so daintie or gluttonous as of Apitius that was in the tyme of the Emperour Tiberius Neither yet so sumptuous and magnificent as that of Lucullus noted of Plutarche in his booke of the liues of famous men for the banket whiche he made vpon the sodain for Pompeius and Cicero the expense whereof was no lesse then twelue hundred and fiftie Crounes commyng to fiftie Sesternes Romaine Or that of Pomponius Atticus Again on the other parte I meane not that your liuyng shal bee so streight in frugalitie or sparyng as was that of Curius Dentatus who liued with Radishe rootes Or of Pertinax who would bee serued tenne tymes with one Salet Neither so vile or sparyng as was Epaminondas a greate Lorde of Thebes who kept his chamber while his apparell was amendyng because he would haue no chaunge But temperate and modeste as that of the Kynges of Egipte who before thei fell too their meate disputed of modestie and sobrietie takyng pleasure in bankettes more ioyfull then sumptuous or exquisite And so shall you not fall into the penaltie of the Lawe Numerall of Iulius who prefined a Taxe to bee paied of the charges made in greate feastes and bankettes And for as muche as it maie seme a thyng vndecente that a man should make profession of an Arte or trafique of Marchandize whereof he hath no knowledge beyng ignorant of the natures and temperatures of the thinges which he hath in hande I will not faile to aduertise you of the diseases whiche come to Hennes and Cockes and of their remedies and when it shal bee needefull to chaunge them and put others in their places to the ende that your number doe not diminishe as you knowe that by surrogation the kindes of all thynges are preserued in their beyng and so remaine perpetually as diuine Diotimus taught Socrates in the second booke of the feast of Plato Their common disease is the pippe whiche is a disease of the tongue the ende whereof is thereby hardened in maner of a gristle And thereby also the Henne loseth her tast bothe in eatyng and drinkyng and infecteth also the other Hennes specially within the house and the place of their feedyng This disease proceedeth either of beeyng long without drinckyng of cleane and freashe water or by drinckyng of foule and stinckyng water And to heale it you muste take the Henne and take awaie the superfluitie whiche groweth on the tong hardened at the ende And then washe the tong and beake with oyle in the whiche shal be tempered a hedde of Garlike And put emong their meate Staphesacre and to rubbe the tong well with Spettle or Vineger first tempered in the mouthe of the seruaunt An other disease is the Catare or Rheume whiche is a fluxion of cold humours in the hed of the Heaues making them to hang their winges and their Creastes or combes The remedie is to trauerse or ouerthwart their nosethrells with a Feather putte through them to open the Fluxion or Rheume that is stopped and maketh them blinde It shall also be good to warme their drinke in Winter because such diseases proceede of cold or drinkyng of Frosen water or liyng vnder the Moone the mother of all moistuesse Against the Lice and Vermine whiche maketh them leane feeble and vnfruitfull I haue shewed you the remedie But when the disease is now come the remedie is too bathe them with a little wine or drinke in the whiche shall be sodden some Comine or Staphisacre commonly called the death of Lice appliyng it to the heddes of little children with ointmentes If you doubte how I knowe this not alledgyng any Authour for the proofe you shall vnderstande that I haue learned it by practize of the common people in like maner as the wisemen emong the Hebrues named Cabalistae and the like emong the Gaules named Druydes learned their Sciences by Tradition from mouthe to mouthe and from hande to hande without letters Wherby is come to passe that in our Fraunce the gouernment is more by customes not written then by written lawes as Iulius Caesar hath written in his Commentaries of the conquest of the Gaules or Frenchemen in his sixt Booke The auncientes haue written certaine remeadies to keepe the Hennes from the Foxe as Palladius in his booke of Housebandrie teacheth how to rubbe the walles of the Henne house with the gaule of a Foxe and to cutte in little peeces the fleshe of a Foxe and to mingle it with the Hennes meate to cause the Foxe to abhorre to come neare it by feelyng the death of his proper kinde whiche nature can not abide as Plinie writeth in his nine and twentie booke of his Naturall Historie But the moste soueraigne remeadie is to keepe fast and close the dores and windowes in the night And that in the daie your seruauntes often tymes come and go in all places and corners of your close And that nere vnto it or the Henne house bee no heapes of wood bushes or stones where suche beastes maie be hidde or harboured For the beastes whiche liue by rapte haue euer a certaine feare ioyned with their craftinesse and desire of rauenyng About the tyme of Autumne you shall euery yere draw a hundred or twoo hundred of the eldest of your Hēnes and suche as haue their clawes longest and grossest In place of the whiche you shall put yonger of suche sort or qualitie As I haue before described If peraduenture you bee of opinion to keepe your Egges of one season for an other you must laye them in order vpon sheaues of strawe verie freashe with the sharpe ende vpwarde or to laye theim in Panyers in like maner And that thei be well couered with strawe that thei be not tourned by too muche heate or colde And if you will choose the best for your frendes take Candida Longa Noua that is white long and new followyng the opinion of the schoole of Salerne The other twoo Acres whiche remaine aboute youre Yarde Courte or place enclosed shall bee commodious to sowe Barlie whiche is a graine verie proper for the nouriture of Hennes And if you can recouer Barlie of the seede of Aethiope whereas dwell the Iewes of the ligne of Dan Nepthalin Gad and Asser nere to the riuer of Sabbatique whiche Moises affirmeth to be the riuer in the holy scripture called Gosan it shal be singuler good because one graūt thereof bryngeth foorthe an hundred as Eldad Damus the Hebrue hath written in his breef Historie of the Empire of the Iewes inclosed