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A04036 The mirror of mans lyfe Plainely describing, what weake moulde we are made of: what miseries we are subiect vnto: howe vncertaine this life is: and what shal be our ende. Englished by H. Kirton.; De contemptu mundi. English Innocent III, Pope, 1160 or 61-1216.; Kirton, H. (Henry); Gosson, Stephen, 1554-1624. Speculum humanum. aut 1576 (1576) STC 14093; ESTC S106262 64,245 170

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vade away and ●hall soone decay as the pothearbes And to omitte the speaking any more of this matter least I shoulde seeme malitious● what is more vaine than to adorne the table with fine and imbrodered clothes with Iuorie trenchers with long carpettes wyth flagons of siluer and golde and a number of pretious and gorgeous ornamentes or what ●uayleth i● a man to paynte his chamber to gilt the postes of his ●edde to prouide a fai●e or sumpt●ous portall to enter therein● to make the pauement shine to fyll hys bedde full of feathers to couer it wyth silke or else to decke it wyth curtaynes or canapye for it is written whē he dy●th of al these things nothing shall ●e receyu● ne yet his glorye or pompe ●hal folowe him Of the vncleann●sse of mans hart Chap. 39. THere is no man that can boaste of the cleanenesse and puritie of his heart for as muche as euery one of vs hath offended God in many things And if wee shall saye wee haue no sinne wee deceiue oure selues and the trueth reste●h not in vs What manne is hee that can saye with the Apostle I do not knowe my selfe guiltie in any thing and yet for all that I am not iustifyed who is he that can say thus if there bee any suche wee may well prayse hym Beholde euen amongst the Saintes of God there haue b●ne ●ounde some chaungeable and the very heauens are not cleane in hys syghte no not his Angels for in them hee hathe founde wickednesse Howe muche more then is man ab●ominable and vnprofitable in the sighte of God whyche hath drunke as it were the water of iniquiti● sinne Therefore dyd it repente GOD that hee hadde made man bycause hys malice and frowardnesse was greate vppon the earthe and his thoughts were alwayes enclined vnto euill● for thys cause beeyng inwardly moued with sorow hee destroyed man whome hee hadde made in the fyrst age But yet for all thys the iniquitie of manne dyd abounde and the charitie of many wa●ed colde All men wente astraye and were become vnprofytable and there was not one that dyd good● no not one For the whole lyfe almost of mortall men is full of sinne and iniquitie in so muche that scantely one can bee founde whiche doeth not declyne on ●he left hande whych doeth not returne to hys former wickednesse agayn● and pyne away in vncleane corruption but rather to increa●e their off●nces they doe bragge and boaste when t●ey haue done amisse and reioyce i● their wicked doings they are replenished with 〈◊〉 pride of abomination as with malyce●●or●ication● couetousnesse and pryde ●●ey ●e also fraught wyth e●●y manslaughter● contention de●●●●e ●●ill will and ●atred● they may be whisperers ●ale bearers ● seditious p●rsons ●atefull to God contumelious● pro●de●●igh mynded in●entors of mischi●●● probedi●●● to t●●ir parents wi●●out di●cretion● without order without loue● without keeping of league or promise and with 〈◊〉 With 〈…〉 and with wor●● the 〈…〉 abounde as with men of sundry sectes with tyrants disloyall s●biectes● committers of Symonye 〈…〉 deceytfull menne wyth sowers of debate and subtyle persons with glu●tons and dronkardes with adulterers● and incestuous persons with effeminate and leude men wyth inc●e as bee slowe and negligent to doe good wyth suche as bee vayne and prodigall f●r●ous and angrye impatiente and vnconstante wyth sor●erers and southsayers wyth periu●ed ●nd cursed menne wyth presumptuous and arrogante with those that ●ee ●arde of beeliefe and desperate and to conclude with all kynde of ambiti●us menne But as the smoke vanysheth awa●e euen so shall they decaye and as the wa●e doeth melt before the fyre euen so shall sinners before the face of God. Of the gri●●●● and ●orments which euil ●en doe suff●r at the houre of death Chap. 40. THe euill li●er● doe suffer 〈◊〉 pai●●s at their death The ●●rste is the anguyshe of the bodye● whiche is so greate and so ●●treame that the lyke n●●●r was nor is felte in t●is lyfe at any time● before the dissolution of the soule from the body For it seemeth in some men through the greate payne they do sustain in their traunce without any motion that t●ey do make away them selues for the violēce which they suffer is so strong incōparable bycause those naturall bonds knots betweene the body and the soule are broken in sunder Wherevppon the prophete lamenting saieth thus in hys Psalmes The torments of death haue beset me ●ounde about there is not so much as an● member no not one ioynte in the whole body which is not s●retched in that intollerable dol●r pang The second paine is when the body bring altogither wearied spoyled of ●is strēgth y soul doth see in a momēt more freely with much more libertie all the good and euill deeds which the man hath done in all his life time which al are presented before the inwarde eyes of the soule● And this torment is so greate the calling of things past to re●ēbrance is so gr●●●●● that the soule it s●lfe beeing thereby ●ery much 〈◊〉 is forced to declare reherse it●●herupo● the Psalmist saith The ●lowing or running s●re●●es of inquitie haue troubled ●e for as the rūning strea●es come with great violence and force and seeme to ouerthrow and cast downe all things they fynde in the way euen so shall the naughtie man at his death sodainely beholde the workes which he hath don be they good or euill The thirde payne is when the soule beginneth to iudge iustly and doeth see all the tormentes of hel which bee dewe vnto him for his sinnes approch neere and as it were ready to ●all vppon him wherevppon the Psalmi●t sayeth The dolors of hel haue compassed me aboute The fourthe torment is when the soule yet remayning in the body doth beholde and see wicked spirits readye to receyue it at which instante the griefe and torment is suche and the feare so greate that the silly soule being in great anguish returneth and recoyleth backe agayn so long as it may into the body that thereby ●t may redeeme some parte of the tyme in the which it shall be in captiuitie Of the comming of Christ at the houre of euery mans death Chap. 41. BOth good and euil mē before the soule depart out of the bodye doe see Christ vppon the crosse The euill and wicked man doth see him to his con●usion that he may be ashamed and blush in that he is not saued by the bloud of Christ his offence so requyring and therfore in the Gospel it is ●ayde to wicked and euil men They shal behold and see him whom they haue persed and wounded whiche is vnderstoode at the comming of Christ to iudgemente and also at hys comming at the day of euery mans death But the good man doth beholde Christ vppon the crosse to his greate ioye as we gather by the wordes of his Apostle whiche sayeth vntill the day of
death when Christ vpon the crosse shall appeare vnto the good and euill And Christ himselfe sayth of saint Iohn the Euangelist I will that he remayne so vntill I come that is to witte I will that hee remayne in his virginitie vntill I come to hys death Wee reade of foure commings of Christ two of them be visible and two inuisible● He came visibly in ●umilitie to redeeme the world and hee shall come visibly in his maiestie to iudge the world Of hys i●uisible commings the firste is when ●ee commeth into the minde of man by grace according to the saying of our Lord in saint Iohns Gospell wee shall come vnto hym and dwell with hym The seconde is at the death of euery man And therefore ●aith Saint Iohn in his Apocalipse come vnto mee Lorde Iesus At whose comming that we may bee founde watchful and diligent seruantes let vs endeuor our selues to serue and feare him in holinesse and purenesse of life to whom with the father and the holy ghost be all honour maiestie glory power and dominion for euer and euer ¶ The thirde Booke of the Mirror of man● lyfe Of the putrifycation of the body when the soule is departed Chap. 1. THe soule of man sayeth the Prophet sh●ll depar●e from him● and hee shall returne again● into earth ●●ō whence ●e ●a●e In that day al hys thoughts worldly inuentions shal perish O how many how wōderful greate are the Imaginations of mortal men aboute worldely prouision but when death shall preuent them al theyr deuises and inuentions shal soone vanish away and they shall quite decay euen as the shadowe when it declyneth or as the Grashoppers whyche soone are shaken from the graine Furthermore when the body and soule are separate asunder● thē shal they forsake with great griefe sorow such things as they loued in this life most derely For there is a terme appointed thē which can not be escaped at what time earth ●hal returne into earth as it is writen Thou arte earthe and shalt re●urn into ●ar●● agayne Bycause it is agreable to the course of nature that euery mortall thing shoulde be resolued againe into the selfe same substance whereof it was earst made Therfore sayth Dauid the spirites of men shall bee taken away from them and they shall returne in●o dust But when man shall dye his inheritaunce shall bee with brute be●stes and serpents for all men shall sleepe in the dust and the wormes shall eate their fleshe euen as the mo●h the garment as hee doeth deuoure the woolle I shall be consumed sayth Iob as corruption and as the garment which is eaten of the mo●he I sayde vnto rottennesse thou art my father and I called the wormes my mother sister Man is but a masse of putrifaction and the sonne of man is but corruption O what a lothsome parentage is that where rottennesse is the father and what an vncleane stocke is that whiche is vnited with worms For man is conceiued in corruption and in the burning heate of foule luste vppon whose dead carkasse the wormes doe waite as mourners In his lif● time he bringeth forth troublesome and tedious v●rmyn● after death his fleshe engendreth wormes whilest hee liueth his body yeldeth noysome odious things and when hee dyeth hee becommeth a lumpe of foule and vncleane corruption During this lyfe his only care is to nourish and maintaine one but when he is dead he shall feede sustayne a number of wormes For what is more vgly and filthy to behold than is the vyle corpse of a dead man And what is more horrible vnto the sight than is the body whē the soule is parted Hee whose embracings to vs were plesaunte whilest lyfe endured the verye sight of hym after death shall bee moste noysome What profitte then may wee reape of our ryches what good shall wee fynde of our delycate bankettes or what then shall auayle vs our dayntie dyet They shall not delyuer vs from the daunger of death they sh●l not defende vs from the hungry wormes they shall not preserue vs from loa●hsome sauours Wee haue seene hym despysed and cast into graue whiche of late sate most gloriouslye in his princely throne The courteer that walked in sumptuous attyre lyeth nowe in the earth vnseemely to beholde and hee that was fedde with delicate fare is nowe to bee deuoured of wormes in the grounde Of the heauy remembrance of the damned soules Chap. 2. THe torments of wicked men shall bee the worme and fire And both of these haue sundry operations For the one worketh inwardly the other tormēteth outwardly The worme which worketh inwardly doth alwayes eat deuour the hart the fyre whic● tormenteth outwardly doth alwayes burn● consumeth the body The worme of thē sait● the Prophet shall neuer dye and theyr fyr●● shal not be quenched Our Lord wyll send● fyre and wormes for theyr fleshe that the● may burne and feele the smarte for euer● The worme of conscience shall vexe them repentaunce shall trouble them and per●plexitie of minde shall torment them F●● they beeing fearefull and tymorous sha●● call to remembraunce theyr sinnes a●● theyr owne wickednesse shall bewr●y then and thus they shall saye within the● selues What goodnesse haue wee pr●●cured by our pryde or what profite h●● wee obtayned by worldly pompe and ●●ni●ie and what can our riches nowe auaile vs All these things are gone paste euen as the shadowe or as the shippe which passeth ouer the raging waues whose track is neuer seene agayne So wee mortall men whiche are borne into this world doe quickely perishe and decay and swiftly approche vnto our ende Of ●ertue wee are scarcely able to shewe any signe at all but wee are consumed in our owne malyce and wickednesse Therefore with greate vexation of mynde shall the damned soules often remēber those things whych with great mirth and ioylitie they did commit in thys li●e that the remembrance at all ma● augment th●yr payne whome the styng of sinne prouoked to wickednesse Of the vn●ro●itable repentance of the damned C●ap 3 THey shal say vnto them selues repēting we haue gone astray from the waye of truth and the lighte of righteousnesse hathe not shyn●d vppon vs. T●en shall they crye vnto the mountayns and say O you mountaynes fall vppon vs and you hilles cou●r vs They shall repent to their p●in but thei● cōuersion shall not obtai● pardon For it is according vnto iustice that those which would not repent when they might shal not when they desire obtaine mercie God gaue them oportunitie and space to repent and they abused his time of long sufferance And therfore sayde the riche man which was tormented in hell O father Abraham I beseeche thee that thou wouldest sende Lazarus vnto my fathers house that he may signifie vnto them what is become of mee leaste tha● they also fall
sorowes vnloked for which happen vnto men Chap. 20. SOdayne heauinesse doeth alwayes accompany worldly myrth and that which beginneth with ioye doeth alwayes ●nd with some sorowe for worldly pleasure is mixte with manye bitter corsies This knewe he right well which sayd Laughter is mixt with griefe and the end of mirth is finished with wayling The children of Iob did proue this true by experience the whiche whiles that they were making mery in their eldest brothers house a sodayne myghtie wynde ri●ing out of the deserte ouerthrewe the house destroyed them all And therefore their father might wel say● My ●arp is changed into mourning my citherne is turned into the v●yce of those that weepe It is better saith the wise man to go into the house of mo●rning than of banketting Harken therfore vnto his good counsayle In the day of thy mirth prosperitie forget not sorow and aduersitie and remember thy laste and ending day and thou shalt not sin damnably Of ●he ne●renesse of death Chap. 21. THe last day of our lyfe is vnto vs alwayes the first day to lyfe and yet wee doe neuer accompt the first day to be the last Wher●as in deede we should still so line as though we shuld alwaies die For it is writen Remember that death doeth not ●arry long and is not slow in comming Tyme passeth away and death approcheth nighe A thousand yeeres are before the eyes of hym that dyeth as it were but yesterday which is already past For the things which God will haue come to passe are alwayes springing and things present doe dayly decaye and perish and those things which are past are cleane dead and consumed We then are dying whiles we liue and then doe we cease from dying when we cease to liue Therefore it is better to dye● alwayes to liue than to liue to dye euer For the mortall lyfe of man is but a liuing death Whereuppon sayth Salomon I commend more the estate of those that be dead than of those that liue and I iudge him that is not yet borne happier than them both The lyfe of man passeth swiftly away and can not be stayed and death commeth vppon him instantlye and can not bee hindered Man therefore is that wonderfull thing which doth decrease and encrease and al in a moment For howe much the more mans life encreaseth so much the neerer he approcheth to his ende Of the terror of dreames Chap. 22. THe verye tyme whyche is graunted man in this lyfe for his rest is not permitted to be quiet vnto hym for in dreames dreadfull things often times appeare which cause a manne to feare and visions in hys sleepes doe molest him And although in very deede those things which men dreame of be not sorowfull terrible or payneful yet for certaynetie those whyche are molested with such dreames are caused to be pensiue sorowfull and fearefull In so muche that sometymes in their sleepes they feruently weepe and when they are waked out thereof are often troubled in their minds Marke well what Elephas Thematices sayeth of this matter In the terror of a vision sayeth hee in the night time when men are wonte to sleepe a greate feare and trembling came vppon mee and all my bones did shake for feare and when the spirit passed in my presence the heare of my head stood vp Consider the saying of Iob also in these wordes If I say vnto my selfe my bedde shall comfort me and I shall bee eased talking with my selfe vpon my couch thou wilte terrifie me with dreames and wilte make me shake for feare through visyons Nabuchodonozer sawe in a dreame that thing whiche made him throughly afrayde and the vision being firmely imprest in his mynde dyd much vexe trouble him Many thoughtes and cares do folowe dreames and where there is many dreames there is exceedyng many vani●ies Dreames haue caused many to erre and do amisse and the hope that men haue had in them hathe byn made frustrate In sleepes also happen often tymes vncleane imaginations whereby not onely the flesh is polluted by illusions in the night but the soule is also defyled whe●●vpon the Lord in the Leuiticall lawe sayeth thus if there bee any man amongst you which by illusion is abused in his sleepe by night let him goe out of the tents and let him not returne before that in the euening he bee washed cleane with water and after the going downe of the Sunne let him come agayne into the tentes Of Compassion Chap. 23. O With what griefe be wee vexed with what trembling feare bee wee shaken when wee vnderstande the losses or hinderaunce of our friendes and howe muche doe wee stand in feare of the dangers and losse of our parents yea sometymes he that is whole add sounde of bodye is more troubled and vexed in his feare than the sick and feeble is in his sicknesse For the voluntary sicke man is more afflicted with the affection of his griefe than the sicke patient man languishing in his feeble●esse Herevpon breaketh out the Poet in these wordes Loue is a lothsome thing God wote and passing full of griefe Whose breast is so hardened whose harte is so stonye that hee can not bee sorye and lament that he can not weepe and wayle when ●e doeth beholde the sickenesse or death of his friend or neighbour that hee can not suffer with him that suffereth and sorow with him that mourneth Our sauiour Christ him selfe when hee sawe Marye Magdalen the Iewes which came with hir to Lazarus monument all weeping hee was afflicted in spirit and troubled in him selfe and wepte Not peraduenture bicause Lazarus the brother of Mary was deade but rather for that he should rayse him vp or cal him being now deade vnto the myseries of this lyfe againe For let him perswade him selfe to be guiltie of great hardnesse of hart and to bee accompted as one faulte worthy who soroweth more at the corporall departure of his friend than the spirituall death of his soule Of sundry misfortunes that happen vnto men Chap. 24. SUch is our casual cōdition that when we seeme to stād in great securitie we dwell in deepeste daunger and when wee least feare we sonest fall Calamitie falleth vppon vs not loked for sickenesse sodaynlye inuadeth vs and death without ransome requireth his duetie Doe not therefore boaste vppon the nexte day being ignorant what the day folowing will bring forth Man knoweth not his end but as the fishes be taken with the booke and the byrdes bee sodaynly entrapped with the snare so men bee preuented in their dayes and sometymes taken in an euill houre when death shall speedily arrest them Of the innumerable kindes of sicknesses that man is subiect vnto Chap. 25. THe knowledge that man hath hadde to searche oute the causes and natures of things these many hundreth yeeres could as yet neuer finde out so many