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A14476 Here fynyssheth the boke yf [sic] Eneydos, compyled by Vyrgyle, which hathe be translated oute of latyne in to frenshe, and oute of frenshe reduced in to Englysshe by me wyll[ia]m Caxton, the xxij. daye of Iuyn. the yere of our lorde. M.iiij.Clxxxx. The fythe yere of the regne of kynge Henry the seuenth; Boke of Eneydos. Virgil. Aeneis.; Boccaccio, Giovanni, 1313-1375. De casibus virorum illustrium.; Caxton, William, ca. 1422-1491. 1490 (1490) STC 24796; ESTC S109601 103,701 172

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and Iuno grete goddesse O Iupiter and alle othre goddes gyue socours to me thys vnhappy and wul permute rigoure to equyte in this bihalue ¶ How dido with grete cursynges gaf leue to Eneas ¶ Capitulo xx ALas I haue receyued this man poure myserable and nausraged vpon the ryuage of the see and as euyll aduysed haue kept hym and well entreated and lyghtly gretly coloqued aboue the moost grete of my lande his nauye I haue do make ayen that was reduced all in peces his folke that were alle perisshed and alle lyuered to deth I haue delyuered them therfrom and receyued in to my cyte not onely receyued but entreteyned furnyshed and susteyned as them of my house And nowe for to rewarde me therof I haue the rage of furoure atte my herte O what anguyshe what lesyng what treson full of desperacōn how he swereth that the god Apollo by his aunsueres and angurements the sortes preceptyue of lycie and the interpretour of the grete god Iupiter Mercurius messager of the goddes haue pressed hym strongly by ryght grete commaundementes for to goo ryghte sone in to ytalye O alle puissaunt lyght permanēt bifore whome no thynge be it neuere so secret nor couertly kept can not be hyd how weneth this man by his false and deceyuables wordes made stronge with right grete and horrible othes to make me to vndrestande that ye alle ben about for to make hym goo from me as that ye had nō othre besynesse but only to send doune youre knyghtes messagers towarde hym O how thou art a ryght stedfast lyar that d●●deth not to calle the true goddes in testymonage for to conferme thy lesynge and yet more to Impute to theym that they ben cause of thyn vntrouth Now goo thenne syn it is soo into what someuer partyes that thou wylt for I haue not the kepynge of the I holde the not in no wyse nor wyll not that thou abyde for me crye strongly and calle the wyndes and doo the worste that thou canste calle after Yolus Neptunus for to lede the in to ytalye hie the and make it shorte mounte vpon the see and tarye no lenger For I truste that the goddes of equyte pyetouse haue suche puyssaūce thou shalte abyde naufraged wythin the see thy shyppes broken ayenste the roches and shalle calle me often to thyne a yde in grete complayntes merueyllouse rewthes that thou haste thus habandouned me dydo dysplaysaunte and desolate that sone shalle folowe the by fyre mortalle inslāmed whan the colde deth shall haue separed me and taken awaie the soule from the body my spyrite shall aproche the nyghe in all the places of thy flagellacyons peynes tormentes for to see thy sorowes and to here thy wepynges and sobbynges and grete lamentacyons wherof I shalle make my reporte vnto the pryue goddis beyng in the lowe shadowes ¶ How dydo felle doun in a swone and how in what manere she was borne awaye by hir wymen and also how dyligently the nauye of eneas was made redy for to goo in to ytalye Capitulum xxi IN sayeng the whiche wordes how be it that dydo had de purposed to saye moche more she brake her speche alle atte ones by ryghte grete sorowe Toke and dystourned her eyen from the lyghte where she was inne And felle in a swoune as alle ded to the grounde she was soone take vppe by her wymnen that bare her in to her chambre marbryne leyd her vpon alityl bedde Wherof Eneas how be it that he had grete pyte and compassyon of her and desired sore to comforte her wyth swete amyable woordes for to asswage her sorowe in grete sobbynges for grete displaysure sorowe that he had to see his swete loue suffre suche a peyne Alwayes he determyned hymself went his wayes for to see his shippes Thenne whan his folke maryneres sawe hym they dyd hie hemselfe yet more fast to werke for to haste their goyng transported the moste parte of the nauye that was talowed well garnysshed wyth pytche oute of the hauen in to the rode made oores of wood all grene comynge new out of the forest and toke also ryght grete trees and foyson of other tymbre for to apropre to their other besinesses in grete desire to departe fone hens ye sholde se troians of all sides that ranne some doūwarde and thother vpwarde alle of one wylle to haue furnysshed theyr shippes euyn soo as pysmers are woūte to do dredyng sore the wynter whan they haue founde a shokke of whete or other corne goo sone oute of theyr nest and alle by one waye for to bere awaye their proye Some lade themselfe som helpen the other and thother drawe after theim the that they can not bere that other cōmaūdeth setteth hem all in ordre a nother forseth hym self to swepe the place a nother kepeth that other bystoweth it And the other incyteth to make dyligence one renneth a nother cometh agayn and that other seketh what to lade hym selfe wyth alle a nother hath somoche laden that he late falle som by the waye And then̄e he calleth for helpe soo that the waye is neuer deliuered of theym tyll that they haue doon theyr besinesses ¶ Alas Dydo where is thy wytte bycome thy fayr maynteyn and swete countenaunce what goode what Ioye and what playsure nor solace of Ioyefull remembraunce maye thou haue byholdyng vpon thyse thinges What treys ●nd grete sighynges what complayntes callynges and lamentacyons dyde yssue that tyme out of thy swete brest whan thou were in the highe lotfe of thy grete towres and sawe the see alle troubled and tourmented with shyppes and orys ¶ O right grete loue Importunate to who me alle thinge diffycile semeth to be facile for to come to her entent how hast thou so grete strengthe ouer the corage humaine This dydo for to serue the nowe fonndreth all in teeris after parforceth herself by praiers and after submytteth hersilf to alle daungers and to alle thinges dyuerse leueth nothinge how strong that it is how sharp harde nor grete but that she wyl parforce herself for to experimente them alle or euer she delybere herself vtterly to the dethe After she dyde doo calle anne her suster germayne and to her recyteth apart of her sorowe and with grete rewthe byganne thus to saye vnto her Anne beholde and see how this folke haste hemself assemble from euery syde in to the hauen they haue drawen vp alredy theire hyghe saylles vpon the grete mastes of they re shippes alle spred abrode ayenst the wyndes desirynge and waytynge after the storme for to lede hens the nauye alle attones whiche they haue garnyshed wyth floures and garlandes and with crownes in sygne of Ioye gladnes that maketh my sorowe and heuynes to be moche the greter Allas yf I had well thoughte to haue fallen in the Inconuenyent where I fynde now myself ynne I wolde haue purueied therto in suche
the other in prson in right grete seruage captyuyte they shal be solde as wylde bestes iniuried defoyled beten Theyr fay● doughters their vyrgynes shall be habandoūed to men by force deflowred and to a ryght grete shame deliuered vyolated ayenst their wylle A hondred thousande euylles shall be appareylled for theym more than men can recoūte ne telle Thenne shall my shame be socoured the ma●ulates taken from me by Hanyball that shall be borne of myn asshes whiche shal be a man of grete power of grete renomee preu hardy cheualrouse aboue all men that shall be in his tyme. so that me more shal be therof as longe as heuyn erthe shall last but in the meane while I make a request to you all after to your children whan they shall be borne to all their lygnage that of theym shall come vnto th ende of the worlde that they make werre by armes by bataylles by see by londe by assawtes shippes ayenst that traytours troians aslonge as they shall lyue that the see whiche is in oure lond the ryuages portes the wawes be to them repulsyng cōtrare rebel euer more thise thynges sayd by dydo enraged from hir good wytte troubled in courage more than euer she was esprised fro all partes sekyng meanes moost subtil to th ēde of her myserable lyf whiche she can support no lenger soo weri she was of it wyllyng to fynde som meane to voyde oute of hir castel all them that were there as she had of custume whan she wold do sacrifyces that she myght abyde alone for to delyuer herself soon to deth that she were not ēpeshed there frō she dyd call psently a good olde woman the made herself to be called barthe the whiche long tyme afore whan she dwelled in thyr was noryce as it was sayd of hir late husbond Sicheus and kept herself yet alwayes styll wyth the sayd Elysse as are wonte to doo thise aūcyent good ladyes wyth theire firste mastresses but she called not her owne noryce that had kepte her in her childhode by cause that she was decessed in the regyon of fenyce And sayd in this maner to the for sayd barthe for to be ryddyd of her My good moder barthe goo lyghtly towarde my suster anne telle her that she make hast for to rise araye herself as it was of custome whā men wolde doo sacrifyce and that she brynge wyth her prōptely the shepe other bestes wyth the other pynacles dedycated to the sacryfice that long agoo I dyde shewe to her And also it behoueth of thy parte for to admynystre the werkes that thou take the vestymentes the myter vpon thy hede for to fulmake thoblacyon to pluto the grete god of hell admyrall of the styge whiche is a grete poūde of fyre brēninge that renneth thrugh all helle composed made of brymston of pitche this immolacōn I haue purposed to doo vnto hym wyth my besy thought for to put an ende my grete tribul●cōns care ēnuyouse for the whiche cause I wylle kindle a grete fire for to brēne the raymentes of eneas his ymage that are lefte wyth me wherwyth I shall do sacrifyce to ● grete flood infernall to th ende he be moeued wyth hate ayenst hym whā by deth his trist soule shal be delyuerd to him after thise thynges this said barthe went hir waye hastely as her olde age myght suffre it lefte there her mastres dido the quyuered shoke of grete rage ē●red into a grete frāsie desiryng taccomplysshe the purpos of hir deth wherof the dredfull remēbraūce redy to be executed troubled hir in suche wyse that it made all hir wyttes to torne in to a wyked kynde and in a mynde for to destroye the first composicōn coagulate in couenable proporcion for the entreteynyge of the spiryte vitall wherof her fayre eyen greue and lawghynge were incontynent tourned in to a ryght hidouse lokynge mobyle sangwynouse to see the swete balle of the eye whiche is the veraye receptacle interyor of lyght visible and Iuge of the colours by reflection obgectyf whiche she bryngeth vnto the Impression cogytyue of the entendement wherof she maketh a present to the suppost indicatyf discernynge without interualle the differences abstractyue adherynge to theyr subgecte was sone made obscure her lyght empesched from the veraye Iugyng in parfyt knowlege her tendre chykes and vysage that afore was playsaunt debonnayre of sangwyne coloure to urnyng vpon white becam alle pale sodaynly in hydouse manere all mortyfied for the cruelle deth wherof the harde angwysshes had enuahyshed her alredy with grete furye betaken cast went moūted the degres sll highe vpon her palayce tyl that she came ther as the wode was assembled for to kendle ther a fyre In whiche place the habilemēts the bed the other thinges with the Image of eneas also his swerde were brought for to be brēte cast out of memorye the whiche dydo alle thus vexed troubled in her wittes drewe the swerde out of the shethe for to murder slee herself b●t or euer she wolde doo this she dide loke vpon the habilimētes the bed other remenaūt that by other tymes afore had plaised her soo moche thēne she began somwhat for to lacryme syghe vpon the bed where she put herself inproferryng her last wordes in this manere O right swete dispoillynges plaisaūt well loued honoured of me sōtyme aslōge as god fortune wolde I beseche you take my sowle and delyuere her out of thys care And from these sorowfulle peynes in whiche I am absorbed in the grete viage of heuynes I haue lyued vnto this tyme presente and haue fynysshed the cours of my lyffe that fortune had gyuen to me It is now tyme presently that the ymage of my semblaunce be sent vnder the erthe I haue had of peynes and traueylles by my brother pygmalyon that made to deye cruelly my first husband sycheus Wherof I haue ben ynonghe auenged by me and holde me content therof I haue edified my cite fayre noble puissaunt and riche I haue seen the walles and batelmentes the deffenses accomplysshed O felycyte merueillouse wherof I shulde be well happy and aboue alle other honoured well loued and holden fulle dere yf the nauye of the troyens had not come wythin my stremes of the see O hard cōmynge and cursed recepcion intrynseque false daūgerouse and full of grete dispite that hathe brought me in to confusion O tryste machynacyon of trayson approued full of frawdulouse induction that hath delyuered me to ashamefull dethe whiche shall come to me sodaynly and presently without taryenge And ascryed wyth a hyghe voyce saynge in thys wyse Must I thenne deye thus falsly wythout to be auenged of that traytour theffe and cruell by whome I am vitupered so sore and defyled Nowe thenne sith it is so I
hir fayr cote of dyuerse fygures For to vnbynde the rotes of the spyrite vytalle from the membrees of hir body Whiche were thenne in grete opposicyon and debate one ayenste another By cause that the humydyte radycalle and other complexcyons in proporcyon conuenable coenclyued togyder Dyde receyue the gooste soo that it coude not goo there from by hit selfe wythoute ayde of other Also that hir deth naturalle oughte not to hauen comen yet of longe tyme But by accydente and hard● fortune whiche is gladdely euyll and dyuerse to theym that she byholdeth awrye was broughte in to suche dysperacyon not for noo crymynalle cause not for noon other thynge wherof she ought● to suffre dethe nor to endure ony peyne or sufferaunce that she slewe her self And thenne after that arose proserpyne wyffe and spouse to Pluto the ryghte grete god infernalle whiche holdeth vnder her domynacyon the persones that be Inueterate of euyll dayes And they that ben in grete sorowes to whom she admynystred alle the deturpacyons and the hardenesse of olde age as to some while that they be slepynge she setteth white herres on the grounde of their hedes Some she maketh scabbed and full of ytche the feete to be grete and swollen And thenne the gowte or the poplesie the stytches or the paralesye The debylyte or feblenes and of the eyen appayreth the sighte and replenysseth theym alle wyth teeres and the lyddes of the eyen wyth fylthe soo that whan they ryse in the mornynge they muste be wasshed wyth wyne or wyth some other lauatorye And to other she maketh theyr memorye to wexe feble and conuerteth it in to ygnoraunce She taketh from them the puyssaunce that they hadde fyrste and hath awaye fro theym furtyuely by proces of tyme all theyr strengthes one after another by cause noon shalle be aware of her for doubte that she be not deceyued And after she maketh theym croked and boweth theyr bodyes hangynge theyr hedes to the grounde warde alle full of care and as coun●refete aswell the men as the wymmen to the whiche for to bere to theym a dyffame taketh theyr fayr colour awaye and maketh theym as pale as asshes To other she gyueth rednes wyth a highe coloure ouer excessyue and dyshonneste and the yelowe here 's of theyr heddes she maketh theym to boke lyke rousset or lyke the coloure of an olde bere She after shorteth theyr retentyue brethe and molyfyeth in theym alle theyr bloode And noon otherwyse it ys to be supposed but that she doeth in lyke wyse of alle the remenaunte For she goeth ledynge alle in equall proporcyon and maketh theym dystrybucyon by the temples and in the face of grete ryueles and fromples that putte oute the beaulte of the playsaunte vysage that she sheweth all wyth cordage aswelle in the nek as aboute the temples We haue therof many exemples Nomore therof we wylle now speke It is so lothely to here Also well harde it is to me to telle therof that I haue sayde afore but to th ende that eny gaynsaynge sholde be Imputed ayenst me to haue obmyssed for to dyscute som of the condycyons and euyll operacyons of the cursed proserpyne that is more sore pryckynge than the thorne I haue sette thees here for to vnderstande the other better that men shalle mowe take In lyke conformyte as it is recyted aboue ¶ Of the beaulte of dydo ¶ Capitulum xxix THis proserpyne of whome I speke how be it that of alle her werkes and subtylle artyfyces wherof she is wonte to vse had not in noo wyse wrought for dydo nor hade not yet enprynted in her persone eny sygne of olde age nor other thynge wherby she shulde directely haue pretended vpon her eny ryght Alwayes she wolde force her self to haue for her part the soule of Elysse sayenge that she had●e slayn herself by dysperacion as for cause of furye and of rage whiche is a thinge Inhumayne dependynge of the operacyons and wodnesses of helle that she herself hathe enprynted in her persone Wherunto she hathe subdued and submytted herself Wherfore by reson she oughte to abyde vnder her as we see by example famyler whan som body hathe submytted hymself by oblygacion to the iurisdicyon of some Iuge the saide iuge is capable for to haue the knowlege therof how be it that to fore the oblygacyon was made the persone was exempt of his Iurisdicyon And aftre thees raysons and othre that were to longe to be recoūted proserpyne sayde that elysse ought to abyde with her as she that had submyted her self to her lawes and Iurysdyctions But the fayre Iris that departed from heuene by the commaundement of the goddesse Iuno descendynge by the clowdes with her gylte feders at the oposyte of the sonne ornated wyth a thousaunde colours Came and sette her self vpon the hede of Dydo And for an aunswere to the adlegacyons of Proserpyne sayde to her thees thynges Thys is of rayson wryton whan eny persone noble is in debate betwene two partyes that the mooste parent heyre of the lynage and that commeth of lawefulle yssue shal be proserred afore that other partye and shalle bere the name awaye wyth hym namely whan he is of the fyrste yssue And also that he hath the gretter parte in the herytage and hath doon many aquysycions amendynges and reparacyons ¶ Now it is soo that the goddesse Iuno whos ryghte for to deffende and kepe I am sent hither hathe produced in her beynge in this possessyons that is to wyte Elysse wherof we vnderstande betwix vs two And hathe made her to be borne hathe brought her to the worlde and hathe alymented and noryshed her from the owre of hyr birthe vnto this tyme present And hathe gyuen vnto her soo many fayre yestes of nature As is beaulte corporelle yongthe well made of her membres eche in his qualyte and ryght egall in proporcyon without eny dyfformyte the hede well sette by mesure vpon the nek fayre herys and long yelowe tresses hangyng betwene two sholders to the heles of her her forehed brod and highe ynoughe the browes traytice and broun and the lydes of the eyen acordyng to the same the eyen grene open by mesure lawghynge and of swete loke afayre well compassed visage ouer the forhede all ynoughe coloured A meane noose not to grete nor to lytell wythout ouer grete openynge A lytell mouthe with roddy lyppes And atte the chickes two lytell pittes one Inlykewyse at the chynne The tethe whyte smalle and well Ioyned togyder A rounde chynne that was not ouer longe A whyte coloure with a byrght hew there with alle some what tendynge to the rede the necke longe ynoughe by goode mesure bygge ynoughe towarde the lowest part and traytyse on the backe syde the throte quycke and without spotte or macule longe armes and smalle the sholders and the backe flat the brestes well sette with a grete space betwix bothe the pappes that be rounde and sette of a heyght smalle