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A15118 Here followeth dyuers holy instrucyons and teachynges very necessarye for the helth of mannes soule, newly made and set forth by a late brother of Syon Rychard whitforde; Here followeth dyvers holy instrucyons and teachynges very necessarye for the helth of mannes soule. Whitford, Richard, fl. 1495-1555?; Isidore, of Seville, Saint, d. 636. Here be the gathered counsailes of Saynct Isodorie to informe man, howe he shuld flee vices.; John Chrysostom, Saint, d. 407. Of detraction. 1541 (1541) STC 25420; ESTC S105112 99,010 194

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I doubt not be edified therby A deuout brother of ours instantly requirynge forsed me to stranslate the mater which I haue done more after the sens and meanyng of the auctour then after the letter and somewhere I haue added vnto the auctour rather than mynushed any thynge Ascribe and take all vnto the beste I byseche you good deuoute Christiane reders whom our lorde god moste swete sauiour Iesu saue kepe increace in his grace and mercy euermore Amen Your assured bedeman the olde wreched brother of Syon Rycherd Whytforde ❧ An instructyon to auoyde and eschewe vices and folowe good maners ascribed vnto saynt Isodor and translate into Englyshe by a late brother of Syon Richarde Whytforde * ⁎ * MAn knowe thy selfe / knowe what thou arte knowe whens thou came howe and whetof thou wast begotyn how thou wast nury shed in thy mothers wombe howe thou wast borne know vnto what ende and purposethou wast create and made frame and order thy selfe vnto the same As thy maker hathe institute and taught the so go forth by due obedience ❧ ☞ ❧ ☜ ¶ Of yuel thoughtes FYrste haue thy selfe in a good awayte of thy thoughtes dayly discusse and trye thy herte / examyne dayly thy cōscience kepe well thy mynde from vayne and yuell thoughtꝭ Let neuer fylthy or vnclene cogytacion crepe into thy soule Yf thou be assayled and tempted with an yuel thought gyue no place therunto when the serpēt appereth fyrst kyll hym trede vpon hys hedde and crush hyt in peces Put awaye the yuel thought at the fyrst enter at the fyrst mocion and begynnynge and then shall hyt nothynge noye For better is to auoyde synne then to make amendes therfore The mendes is beste made wher and when the synne fyrst spryngeth and begymieth Be ware at the begynnynge and thou shalt lyghtly auoyde and excape all daungers and periles of the soule cōscience ¶ Of chastite NEuer than be thou polluted or defoled with any vnclennes Let neuer thy mynde be occupied nor thy soule be spotted with any fylthy pleasures of the bydy Let no lechery preuayle in the ne haue restynge place in thy hert or mynde Chastite dothe ioyne man vnto god Chastite dothe drawe conuey and carye man vnto heuen Vnto the chaste person is heuen promysed And yf yet thou fele the greuous vexacion and troubles of the body yf thou be touched with the stynge and prycke of the fleshe yf thou be assayled with the suggestion tentacion of the fylthy lust or stynkyng pleasure of vnclennes yf by any mynde thoughtes or remēbrance of fornicacion thou fele or perceyue any tytillacions or rysynge of the frayle flesh and bestly body thē renne streght way in all ha●t vnto the nexte remedy Cast forthwith byfore the face and syght of thy soule the memorie and remēbrance of death Put before thy face the passage of thy soul from thy body loke vpō thy last ende beholde and se the terrible and most dredeful day of iudgement Thynke what tourmētes paynes be ordened for synne the perpetuall euerlastyng fyre of hell with other innumerable horrible / and abominable punyshmēt vnspekable And yet the moste suer and spedefull remedye agaynst al maner of tentacions is the remembrance of the acres of our saluacion specially the bytter passion / and paynfull and shamefull death of our lorde Iesu prayer helpeth muche ❧ ⚜ ❧ ¶ Of Prayer PRaye therfore contenually cease not to praye our lorde daye and nyght pray with teares wepe mourne and by wayle the synne of the worlde Let prayer be your armour harnes and defence For prayer is a principal vertu violēce agaynst the assayles of al tentacions For the dyuyl is vēquished and ouercomen by prayer prayer dothe preuayle agaynste all yuels And obteyneth / and geteth grace so that fastynge go therwith ¶ Of superfluous fedynge SVperfluous fedynge bybbynge and bollyng be the instrumētes of lechery as by fewel fore cast vnto the fyre the heate more increaceth Mater cōbustible and that wyll lyghtly bren maketh the flame more feruent so doth the pomprynge of the body moue and sturre the blode and doth ingender vayne and vnclene thoughtes ¶ Of aspecte or cast of the fyght ONe of the fyrste and principall grynnes sun res or lymeroddes of vnclēnes is the eye or syght The chefe cōcupiscence that frayle persons haue eche vnto other is by lokynge and caste of the syght For therby is the mynde sone lyghtly netted 2. Re. 11. Psal 118. caught and taken Dauid to wytnes and he prayed afterwarde vnto our lorde sayng Au●rte oculos meos ne videant vanitatem Turne and plucke awaye good lorde myne eyes and syght / that I byholde not or se any vanite withdrawe therfore your syght holde backe your eyes frō all lyght wanton lokes Neuer fyxe or fasten youre syght vpon the fauour beauty or countenance of the contrary sexe that is man vpō the woman or contrarye the woman vpon the man Remembre the gospell who so euer loketh vpon afrayle ꝑson of the cōtrarie sexe with the consente of cōcupiscence hath euen then Math. 5. d. done fornicacion in his hert and mynde Yf you wyl than be safe and in suerty frō vice of fornicacion vnclēnes auoyde / put away all occasions therof take away the mater cause the offēce is sone auoyded Aristo The philosopher sayeth Remota causa remouetur et effectus Remoue and put awaye the cause and the effecte is forthwith remoued Be therfore discrete ware as well of your loke syght as of your touchyng and other byhauiour of the body ¶ Of the cūpeny and presēce of the contrarye sexes ❧ ★ ❧ THer is no thynge more ꝑilous for the frayle persons then the presence cūpany famuliarite of the cōtrarye sexe For when they be disioyned and in sondre departed selden haue they any intent or purpose of synne harde to lye or dwell longē by a serpent without some hurt Byde nere the face of a continuall fyre though thou were yron thou shalte be dissolued and wasted who so euer is very nere vnto perile and ioperdy cānot belonge in iuerte to be safe therfrom Eccli ● d The wyseman sayth Qui amat piculum in illo pecibit Who so loueth perile shall therin perysh The frayle lyght person is euer in perile byding in familier presence of a lyke frayle person specially of the cōtrarie sexe The most redy and most suer remedy / than is to fle and to auoyde presence For often hathe hyt chaunced and cūmen to passe that familiarite in accustomed presence hathe venquyshed ouercomen brought vnto effecte that vnclene acte of the flesh which the voluptuous desyre and appetite therof coulde neuer brynge aboute ¶ Of labour occupacion and of the cōtrarye that is ydelnes ☜ ⚜ ☞ THe ydel persons be sonest and most lyghtly venquished ouercomen with the fole synne of the body For the fylthy appetite of the fleshe dothe most
than is full true Sufferaunce doth ease many other meanes there bene as pride ꝓdigalite and vnlawful pleasures that done lyghtly sparpoyle destroy great goodꝭ and substance for lackh of due pacience So that we may well conclude / that pacience is profetable vnto the lawful getynge kepynge increascyng also spendyng of the wordely goodꝭ which goodꝭ as we sayde be the lyest / and in the lowest place of those cōmodites that do apparteyne belonge vnto man Then foloweth of the cors and body of man which is more precious then any worldly goodes ❧ ☞ ❧ ☜ ¶ That pacience is cōmodious and profitable vnto the good state of the body of man The .ix. Chapiter ☞ ⚜ ☜ WE put the body of man in the secunde place as muche more worthy then the goodꝭ and yet vnder the fame good name or honour in dignite and degre althogh sume ꝑsons do set more by the sory carcas then other by theyr name or yet by the soule vnto the good state than of the body to be kept or recouered our pacience is much necessarie and profitable For the pacient person is euer sobre prouident and ware bothe in wordes dedes coūtenaūce behauiour And the hasty man sayeth the cōmune prouerbe wanteth neuer wo. The countenaunce of man in lokes or gestures doth many tymes prouoke vnto Ire and hathe ben occasion of bodely hurte / and harme many ꝑsons by hasty passions haue hurte them selfe Yee and some slayne them selfe / for lacke of pacience many for default of pacience haue exceded in wordes which haue bene occasion and cause of bodyly hurte and bludshed Eccli 6. a. where the pacient ꝑsons by soft and swete wordes haue mytigate and swaged Ire and restrayned hasty passions and appeased the parties Ibidem let neuer therfore sayth the wysemā a prowde hasty worde passe thy mouth hasty passion lacke of pacience haue brought and cast many persons into feuers axes variāt sekenece / and diseases And also kept them longe therin and increasced the same And sume for lacke of pacience do rayle blaspheme god And many wylfully done byde and continue in sekenes because they wyll not suffre to be laūced Qui pri ceptame dici nō seruat seip̄m intimit cut or otherwyse cured And sū wyll not kepe prescribed dyete ne kepe the preceptes cōmaundemeutes of theyr phisicions surgions or leches wherby they bene oftymes causers of theyr owne death And some haue had so greate malyce / and hatered vnto some ꝑsons that they had leuer suffer greate paynes in the body then to be cured by that / or those ꝑsons Many and very many variāt and sondry incōmodites haue comen vnto the body of man for lacke of pacience whiche the meke paciēt ꝑsons do avoyde and exscape And yf by chaunce they be in ꝑyll yet by paciēce they sone lyghtly recouer and finde remedy Some for very angre freate them selfe to death and that is for lacke of pacience Thus you se and perceyue that vnto the good state of the body pacience is commodious / and profetable ☞ ❧ ☜ ❧ ¶ Howe pacience is cōmodious and necessarye vnto good fame and good name to be obteyned holden and kept The .x. Chapiter ❧ ❧ GOod fame or good name doth kepe the thyrde place in ordre as in dignite degre more worthy then other the worldly goodes or yet the body of mā For the fame doeth last byde after that the body is dede and roten And doeth in maner rendre and presente the ded ꝑson by recorde and memory as yet and euer lyuynge in honour or dishonour accordynge vnto the merites of the ꝑson Fame therfore is so precious that as I sayde before some ꝑsons haue rather lost theyr lyues then they wolde lose theyr fame and honour The cronicles and stories do cōtinue kepe in mynde the fame and the noble actes and dedes of armes of the pagans and hethyn men and be rehersed for examples And so be the holy legendes or lyues of the blessed saintes vnto theyr great glorye and honour in our lorde and vnto our edification All Christians therfore shuld much cure and regarde theyr fame Timo. 5 Timo. 2. Cor. 2. prope finem For saynt Hierom sayth that our fame and good name is a fragrant pleasant odour / or smell vnto Christe as saynt Paule wryteth vnto the Corrinthꝭ And in an other place he sayth that those be cruell ꝑsons that be negligēt and carelis of theyr fame Fame than and good name is a glorious thynge muche to be desyred chyfely and derely to be kept so hyt be ryghtly goten For the good fame of the ypocrite is not well goten Aug. de bond vi duitat● And good fame doth folowe vtuous dedes whether the ꝑson wyll or not as the shado in the son doth folowe the bodye Let euery person loke wel than howe they desyre to haue good name fame For yf hyt be desyred for veyneglory and so outwardly by feyned vertue and not inwordely before god de●e●●●ed hyt is then a lyer shall in the ende come vnto the greate shame rebuke of the person Aug. cō tra pela ●ium Epist 109. let therfore very and vnfeyned vtue obteyn● wyne the fame And let the loue of honesty and the intente and mynde of the edificacion of the neghbur reteyne and kepe the same The persons of good name and fame be had in great loue and fauour in greate honour and reuerence And in great feare or drede The holy wydowe Noemy and her doghter in lawe Ruth Ruth 1. d. e. 2 ●ester 9 b. Iudit 8. a. Ph. 〈◊〉 b 3. Regū 10. a. 2. Para. 9. a. Math. 12. d. Hiero. ad Pau linum were greately beloued and fauored by theyr fame and good name so were bothe Hester and Iudit And saynt Paule wylleth that the ꝑsons of good name and fame shulde be promoted vnto office rule dignite / and honour aboue other The fame of kynge Salomon caused the Quene of Saba to come frō ferre coūtreyse vnto hym whose vertue she sayde exceded the fame The fame of Ti●us Liuius as saynte Hierome writeth caused many ꝑsones to come vn to Rome onely to se that man And so we rede of many other ꝑsons that haue made great ●orneyse passed the seese and many large ●ferre coūtreyse in greate spens of theyr goodes Hiero ●bis̄ ●●great labours of theyr bodyes in great toperdy of theyr lyues onely to se them in presēce whose fame they herde of ferre Iosue Dauid Salomon / many other noble men were had in great feere drede onely by theyr fame The cōmine prouerbe is in englysh it is a good thynge / to haue a good name For he that hathe an yule name saye they is more then halfe hanged For no waysh ne crafte can purge clense Hiero. nor put a waye the spottes and fylth of an yule name or fame For the name
that contynually daye and nyght euery houre minute without any remyssion ease or reste and so clerely and vtterly forsakyn of all creatures hauynge no place to byde in but the muckehepe or dongehyll whervpō settynge and with a shell scrapynge the skabbes wryngynge and a voydynge the stynkynge matter out of hys sorofull sores she I saye hys wyfe so armed and taught as I sayde of the dyuyle ferre passed her mayster For whē he had frō most hygh ꝓsperite brought hym sodenly to be nother lorde of goodꝭ nor seruantꝭ nor yet father of any chylderne and in body without helth vnto most cruel tourmētes and miserie she yet beyonde al thys assayled him with the most vnnaturall and must vnheltheably wounde of vnkyndnes whiche most vncureable perceth the herte For in stede of louynge frēdly cōfortable wordes she assayled him with vpbraydes and rebukes and ouer all with poysoned more then dyuylyshe counsell whereby he shulde not onely haue lost for euer his most noble and moste glorious godly fame good name of Iustice Iob. ● ● whiche he had aboue all men vpō yerth god hym selfe to mytnes that sayde of hym that no man vpon yerth was lyke vnto him symple playne without gyle or deceyte and so dredful to offēde our lorde but he shulde also haue dampned his owne soule whiche was all the infors labour of the dyuyle For when she had sayde that all his hope holynes was vayne and loste she counseled hym to blaspheme god and then to fle or kyll him selfe to be rydde and delyuered of his sekenes myserie But nowe marke well for your lernynge what he aunswered vnto all these assayles and troubles Fyrste when all his goodes and chyldrene were gone he sodenly chaūged hym selfe and his aray and fell downe prostrate vpon the yerth worshyped our lorde and sayde God gaue all god hath taken hyt awaye as hyt hath pleased our lorde so hath hyt come to passe blessed be the name of god And vnto hys wyfe he sayde ●ob 2.8 Thou spekest nowe lyke vnto one of the fols that be faythles Sythe we haue taken of the hande and power of god all our goodes why shulde we not susteyne bere and suffre the yuels and greues In all these thynges sayeth the scrypture dyd Iob no thynge synne nor offende in hys lyppes nor wordes Lo in all these conflictes and assayles Iob was nothynge broken ne bowed but amonge all hys anguyshes pressures assayles blessed god wherby his lady maystres dame pacience had in hym the victorye and triumphe De pacientia homilia 4. For as saynt Iohn̄ Chrisostomus sayeth Iob had buylde his house that was his soule vpon the faste and stable rocke ston of pacience and not vpō the grauell of impacience Math. 7. Our lorde in the gospel sayeth that the wyse mā doth buylde hys house vpō a ston and the fole vpō the grauel and when the wynde leyte thonder and stormes come the one standeth by deth all bruntes and the other falleth to ruyne and is destroyde So sayeth he yf a person wolde passeforth vnto euer lastyng peace let hym seke for paciēce by suffryng and beryng of trouble and buylde his house that is to fyre and appoynt his soule hert / mynde to byde what so euer come be hyt aduersite be hyt prosperite and nother seke the one nor the other For nother of thē can hurt him that is so appoynted but rather bothe may profette hym And contrarie that person that doeth buylde vpō grauel that is that setteth hys mynde to folowe vayne voluptuous pleasure is hurt by them bothe For he is as sone ouerthrowne with ꝓsperite as with aduersite Exeample of both Exāple yf fyne golde fall in to the water take it vp agayne / and hyt wyll kepe bothe his colour fynes And caste hyt forthwith into the fyre and hyt shall nothynge be the wors but rather the more feyre and more fyne and yet be fyre and water cōtrarye And so is it of the iust person appoynted as I sayde both in welth and woo But take cley caste hyt into the water and hyt wyll parte sone in sondre And yf hyt be put in to the fyre it wyll ware harde out of kynde and lykewyse of gresse put it in water and it wyl sone wyder and rote and cast it into the fyre hyt wyl be shortly brent or burned vp And so is hyt of the neglygent careles person without appoyntment For it is not the nature of tentacions assayles that causeth the house to stande nor fall but the appoyntement and disposicion of the mynde For the houses spoken of in the gospell were all one both were houses bothe fully edyfyed buylded both of one and lyke edificacion the assayle of the weders were the same here rayne there rayne here flodes there flodes / here thonder and leyte and there the same here wyndꝭ stormꝭ there in lyke maner And yet the one house standeth faste / and the other falleth downe and why because the foūdacion and groūde was not all one It is not than the nature of the tētacions assayles or troubles but the foly of the buylder that causeth the ruyne and destruccion Iob therfore pyght hys fundacion suerly vpon the rocke so that the furious rage of the most malicious angry dyuyle nor yet any of hys wyles or craftes coulde moue hym Take good hede than you desiples of pacience and loke well vpon Iob where howe he sytteth in his golden throne garnyshed ser with the moste glorious apparell of perles precious stones in hys robe of purpure decked with diamoūdes For so I assure you was that mucke hepe or dongstyll where he sate amonge the extrementes and fylthy auoydance of bestes in the robe most ryche aray of his holy glorious body purpured with his precious bloude and meruelous matter decked with the diamondes of boytches Thriso homilia 5. a. byles scabbes For as they sayde clerke saynte Ihon̄ sayth that donghyll was more noble worshypfull then any kynges throne and that aray more ryche For yet vnto thys daye sayeth he greate multitude of people of all maner of degrees and nacions do go in pylgramage Nonate howe muche then relykes were in frō ferre coūtreyse ouer many sees vnto the countre of Arabye to se and loke vpon that donghyll and when they le it they kneled downe with greate worshype kyssed the holy groūde where his blode was shed which is more precious and ryche then any gold those boytches and scabbes more dere honele ▪ M. yerꝭ ago and more and desyrable / then any gēmes or precious stones and more be these profytable vnto euery Christiane then all worldly goodes and ryches For yf in case a man had lost a substance of goodꝭ or had a chylde ded or a wounde in his body what profette or cōforte shulde they syght