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A15039 A mirour for magestrates of cyties Representing the ordinaunces, policies, and diligence, of the noble emperour, Alexander (surnamed) Seuerus, to suppresse and chastise the notorious vices noorished in Rome, by the superfluous nomber of dicing-houses, tauarns, and common stewes: suffred and cheerished, by his beastlye predecessour, Helyogabalus, vvith sundrie graue orations: by the said noble emperor, co[n]cerning reformation. And hereunto, is added, A touchstone for the time: containyng: many perillous mischiefes, bred in the bowels of the citie of London: by the infection of some of thease sanctuaries of iniquitie. By George Whetstones. Gent. Whetstone, George, 1544?-1587?; Severus Alexander, Emperor of Rome, 208-235. 1584 (1584) STC 25341; ESTC S119730 41,603 88

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hym at his Pallace where he cōmaūded that by secrete inquirie they should learne how many Cittyzyns by Vsurie or other corrupte bargaynyng had absolute possession or Morguage of the Gentlemens Landes and to certifye bothe the names of the Vserers and the Gentlemen so distressed Vppon whose certificate he dealed with the Creditors of the Gentlemē bestowyng a great portion of money out of his owne Treasurie towardes a generall agreement as in the ende he concluded that the Creditors shuld receiue the residue of their Debtes by a yearely pention oute of the Gentlemens Landes By whiche Newes their Posterytie might recouer what their vnthriftinesse had wasted The Noble Emperour hauynge brought to passe this hye benefite for the Gentlemen of Rome with the possession therof in this louyng Oration he instructed them in the Dueties of Gentlemen and mildely reprehended the Dishonours of their Reputation The Emperour Alexander his Oration to the Gentle men of Rome GEntlemen of Rome by the name of Gentlemen I salute you as Hereditorie Title of your Auncestours vertues which I hope will alwayes remayne in your hearts How-be-it too excessiue prodigalitie hath much wasted your liuings and impayred your credit But with the blame of your lauiciousnes I am bound by the woorking of pittie to shew the cause thereof Which although it bee no excuse in Iustice yet it iustly moueth commiseration The examples of our predecessors wickednesse is more liuelye expressed in your workes then may be showen by my wordes and I hope his worthie confusion will be cause of your speedy amendment Yet I hold it not amisse to laie before your eyes the monstrous euilles which you haue learned of your late Emperour Heliogabalus that comparing his wretched ende with his wicked raigne feare may reforme what our louing affection wisheth to be amended in you This vessel of abhominatiō so exceeded in pride that frō top to toe he was attired in cloth of golde pearle pretious-stones Vyces of Helyogabalus neuer wore any garment more thē once from his bed chamber vnto the place where hee mounted vnto his Coch the walles were decked wyth tapestrie full of greate pearles and pretious stones The waie as he went was strewed with golde and siluer as one disdayning to treade vppon earth lyke other men His Charyot was sometyme drawen with tame Lions sometimes with Elephantes and sometimes with marueilous faire Women The Kinges which he drewe off his fingers hee neuer put on againe The vessels of golde and siluer wherein he was serued was euermore the sees of his seruitors Suche huge prodigalitie was ioined with his incomparable pride His gluttonie voluptuousnes was so great as neere the Sea his whole houshold was fed with most daintie fowles and beeing farre within lande they were all serued with all maner of fishes by Poste brought alyue from the Sea Sometime he had for a generall seruice pasties of Peacockes toonges other whyle Partridges egges the heades of Popiniayes Fesauntes and the most daintiest Byrdes Neither was this superfluitie alone vpon the Tables in his owne Pallace but in selfe same manner his Lyons Gray-hounds and other Dogs of pleasure were fed He so much esteemed of thinges that were deare and rare that hearing there was but one Phaenix in the worlde hee offered twoo thowsand Markes to haue it to hys Dinner His lecherie was so vnsatiable and withalso vnclean as common ciuilitie forbiddeth the report His Pusalanimitie was such as he studied how to become a woman and of moste notorious Strumpets and Bawdes hee erected a Senate and in a Capitoll for the no●ce hee made vnto them manie Orations and called them his Companions and fellowe Souldiers That vice might haue no staye nor vertue anie passage he gaue free Charters to all men to vse all manner of villanie And Sabinus Vlpianus and other learned and reuerent Iudges hee banished from the administration of Iustice He cruelly put to death many worthie personages amongst the people many times let loose Lions Beares and other cruell Beastes In fine when his monstrous pryde prodigallitie and lecherie had consumed all his own treasure necessitie a naughtie disposition made him to sell the offices of Iustice But his owne familiar Seruantes and Souldiers wearie of his abhominations slew him drawing his horrible Carren with hooks through the Cittie they tyed him to a stone of greate waight and threw him into Tyber to the end so vile a bodie should neuer be buried Yet your owne eies are Iudges that I say the truth His death and funerals was as vile and filthie as what I haue saide of his life was sumptuous and rich I haue laide the miserie of his death before your eyes that you should expell the vices of his life forth of your harts It was the due of his beastlines and will be the reward of your insolent liuing without amendment You are yet yong by prowesse may recouer more then you haue by prodigalitie wasted A vertuous end repaireth the dishonors of a vicious life But shame lyueth when lewd men are dead A prodigall and voluptuous humor I know is hardly purged bicause the norishments are many and sweete But when I consider that you are Gentlemen I straightwaies hope that you will easilye subdue these affections There is nothyng more pretious to man then life nor nothing more fearfull then death Yet the noble Romaine Gentlemen your auncestors in actions of honour preferred the last before the first If you be heires of their vertues Vsurers cannot purchase that patrimonie And therefore great is our hope that you will bridle meane affections when they contemned the greatest ROMVLVS with a weake strength and inuincible courage first buylded this famous Citie and of his name shee is called to this daye Roome Numa Pompilius that succeeded him both inlarged the boundes and strengthened her with manie good lawes and orders And in processe of time the wisdome of the Maiestrates and valiancie of her Gentlemen made Rome The Soueraigne of Citties the Beautie of the earth and Empresse of rhe whole world And so to this daye had remained had not the horrible vices of her Emperors Nero Caligula Domitian Comodus and Heliogabalus eclipsed her glorie and polluted her people with abhominations But vertue is able to perfect more then vice hath deformed We beseech the Gods that on our part there may bee no defaulte as wee earnestly desite reformation in you And then no doubt Rome shall shortlye haue her auncient honour and you the reputation of Romulus heires This badge of pryde 〈◊〉 apparell 〈◊〉 yee for sage players Brauerie in apparell is necessarie for base persons that publiquely in open Theaters presente the personages of Emperoures Kinges Dukes and such Heroycall Estates For that they haue no other meane to perfourme their action But the magnanimous Gentleman carrieth honor in his coūtinance and not countenance in his Garments CICERO discouered the Haughtinesse of Caesar in his fore-heade ASTIAGES saw a Kyngly minde in
them were as dissolute as common Soldiers A wise pollicie of Alexander And one especiall cautle hee vsed in the searche of mens behauiours hee woulde manye tymes in disguysed habyte with diuers others by hym especiallye elected take vpō him the Office of the Censors and in euery corner he had secretly suche faythfull Explorers as mens proper Houses were no Couerts for naughtie practises nor the Senat-house for partial Iudgementes And by this Pollycie he discouered many naughtie matters besides cōmon trespasses as the Treason of Oninius the false accusation of Geminus by his Lybertines or Copyholders as also of the mortall mallice of Duillius and Gotta towardes the said Geminus In so much as the people seyng nothyng that was euyl could escape his vengeāce al men indeuored to do well to purchase his fauour King Henry the seuenth Imitator of Alexanders gouernment THE most Noble and prudent Kynge Kynge HENRY the seuenth the Queenes most excellent Maiesties Graundfather and Roote of Englandes happinesse was a true imitator of this most worthy Emperours gouernmēt by whose singular wisdome England which at the beginning of his Raigne was a deformed and decreped Commonwealthe by reason of the longe tyme of the Cyuylwarres which durynge syx Kinges Raignes made barrayne feildes and fatt Churche-yardes before his deathe repossessed her Auncient Vertues renown and prosperytie So that it is a questiō whither this famous Realm is more bownd to eternize his glorious Memorie in regarde of his Prowesse or Pollycie when by the one he planted Peace in her bowelles and by the other banished warre frō the Terrytories He knew that to reforme so disordered an estate it was more needefull to execute then to make Lawes and therfore not trustyng the corruption of common Informers who for lucre or gain attemptyng many vexations against poore men and for feare seeke to please the ritche Inclynation of Common Informers he committed the execution of the Penall Lawes to the charge of these two worthie Coūsellers fir Richard Empson Knight and Richarde Dudley Esquier who so seuerely chastened the rich and great Offenders as they stirred the inconstant cōmunaltie after the death of the vertuous Henrie the seuenth to seeke their lyues who had their willes for feare of Commotion thease two worthie Maiestrates weare beheaded And vndoubtedly their deathes is a testimonie of as great vertue as their liues a Monument of Iustice for the multitude The lewde affections of Common people are the mortall Enemies of their owne welfare and frendes and followers of their owne confusion One said to Antisthenes The people speaketh much good of you Why saide he what hurt haue I done As who should say they seldome praise but suche as do euil No Ethnicke deserued to lyue better then Socrates yet the people would haue hym dead The Athenians had a Lawe euerie yeare by the most voyces of the people for ten yeares to banysh two of their principall Maiestrates On a tyme a poore man came with a white Paper in his hande to Aristides the iust and willed him to write Banish Aristides Why quoth he doest thou know Aristides No quoth the other Hath Aristides done thee or any of thy friendes hurte Neither quoth he but I wyll haue Aristides banished The worthy Scipio was banished by the people whome he oft had saued I omyt Themistocles Photion many mo whome Histories record to shewe the light Iudgementes of Cōmons Danté the Italian Poet saithful truely of them it is seldome seene that the people crye not Viua la mia morte innoia la mia vita Let liue my death let die my lyfe Yea those great estates that seek to please the people for the most parte haue had the endes of enemies to their Countrey When Cicero sawe that Caesar was in hye fauour with the people of Rome he cryed out It is great pitie that the affabilitie of Caesar should be the ouerthrow of the Weale-publique And truely Cicero prophesied rightly for by their fauour Caesar iudged the Iudgementes of the Senate and sent the good and graue Cato to Prison whose vertues obtayned reuerence of the woorst liuers But notwithstandyng the Affections of the multitude coueiteth their owne vndoynges yet their incouragement proceedeth of greater capacyties And therfore the redy way to keepe them in awe is seuerely to punysh their Chief-taynes In all tumultes it is euidently seene that if their Captaynes yelde they ronne away if their Incouragers be dismayde they sing Peccaui do Iustice vpon the great Offenders and the meaner wyll soone amend Alexander in his Gouernment found it true who in the Execution of the Lawes made no difference of persons saue that to the inferiour people he was euermore most mercifull FINIS AN ADDITION OR TOVCHSTONE for the Time exposyng the daingerous Mischiefes that the Dicyng Howses cōmonly called Ordinarie Tables and other like Sanctuaries of Iniquitie do dayly breede Within the Bovvelles of the famous-CITIE of LONDON By George Wherstones Gent. Imprinted at London by Richarde Iones MAIESTRATES OF CITIES The dangerous Mischiefes that the DICING-HOVSES and other lyke Sanctuaries of iniquitie do breede in the Cittie of LONDON IT is sufficiently expressed that by the vertue diligence and wisdom of the right Noble Emperour Alexander Rome the most ouglye and monsterous Common-wealth of the world so was she deformed with horrible beastly vices fostered by Heliogabalus other wicked Emperours was brought vnto such perfection as she might lawfullye bee intituled The Temple of the Goddes The Fowntayne of Vertue and The Nurce of Learnyng so free was the Exercise of Pietie The woundes of a Comon wealth Iustice Temperance and all other Deuine Morall and Heroycall vertues In curyng of which daungerous Infirmyties of the Cōmon-wealth Alexander perfourmed the Offices of a skylfull Phisition and Surgion he did not ignorantly apply Medicine to the outwarde sore vntyll he had searched the inward cause He founde the outwarde woundes of the Weale-publique was Pride Prodigalytie Dicynge Drunkennesse Lecherie Vsurie Coueitousnes c. The suppressing of which Passions consisted not alone in chastisment of Offenders He prudently foresawe that the Boatman lost much labor that with a Dish stoode all day ladyng out of water when a quarter of an howres worke wold mende the breache of his Boate whiche was the cause althoughe the water were the annoyance he knew that euery Ryuer had a Spryng euery Disease a nooryshing Humour and euery vice a special succour Reason instructed him that no Thiefe wold be so bould as to rob by the hye waye if he had no Couert to shrowd hym If there were no Brothell Houses Shame wold delay Lechery But for Tauerns and tiplyng Boothes Drunkardes should be sober against their wils But for Ordinarie tables Dicers should many times be idle or better occupied then in swearyng and consumyng their Patrimonie These causes beynge stopped the vicious perforce must change their course And therfore the good Emperour as the best remedie for the