of the Messenians hearing dogs howle like vvolues vnderstanding by his South-sayers that it was an euill signe slew himselfe The picture of Fortune at Tusculane appeared vnto Galba lamenting that hee had offered and consecrated the money which she had giuen him a little before to Venus therfore with bitter words shee threatned to take it from him againe for shortly after he was murdered by the Souldiours of Otho There appeared to Hercules two maydens diuersly apparailed of diuers nature the one plaine and simple the other gorgiously decked Vertue and Pleasure Cicero Triton appeared vnto Caesar standing in a maze at the Riuer Rubrico in Italy who taking a trumpet from one of his Souldiours leapt into the Riuer whom Caesar and all his army followed Suetonius Tacitus when it was told him that his Fathers graue opened of it selfe knew well that he should shortly die and made himselfe ready for it Vopiscus There appeared to one Pertinax three days before hee was slaine by a thrust a certaine shadow in one of his fish-ponds with a naked sword threatning to kil him Capitolinus An Horse-man appeared to Machabeus shaking his speare to signifie the famous victory he should obtaine Alexander dreamed that Hercules reached his hand to him out of a wall promising him to helpe him in his warres Caesar dreamed that hee lay with his mother which the South-sayers interpreting the earth to be his mother sayde That hee should be conquerour of the world Mydas being an Infant in his cradle Ants were seene to carry graines and victualls to feede him vvhich the South-sayers signified that hee should be the wealthiest man in the world Socrates dreamed that hee held fast in his hand a young Swan which fled from him away and mounted the skyes whose sweete voyce as a wonderfull harmony replenished the heauens this was Plato his Scholler Brutus fighting against Augustus Antonius saw two Eagles fighting together the one comming from Caesars tent the other from his own wheÌ„ his Eagle was vanquished he knew he should be ouercome Plut. Cicero vnderstoode that his death was at hand when a Rauen helde him fast by the hemme of the gowne making a noyse vntill the Souldiers of M. Antonius Herennius Popilius had beheaded him Plut. Iulian dreamed according to the opinion of Pythagoras Plato that by the transmigration of soules froÌ„ one body into another the soule of Alexander was crept into his body or that he was Alexander himselfe in an other body Eusebius The Princes of Greece were certified by a Dragon that climed a tree where he killed a she Sparrow eight young ones that they should hold wars with the Troians 9. yeares and in the 10. should ouercome it Homer Alexander by a vision was warned to take heede of Antipater who poysoned him VVheÌ„ Caesar was murdered an Oxe yoked for the plough spake That not onelie Coâ—â— shoulde want but men also should perrisâ— and therefore was vrged in vayne to labour Liuius VVhen Nero began his Empire trees pastures and meddowes changed places one with another Tacitus Before the destruction of Ierusalem by Veâ—spasian a starre appeared in maner of a sword in the skie Chariots were seene running vp and down in the firmament and men in harnes fighting in the clouds Iosephus A South-sayer forwarned Anthony of Augustus familiarity saying VVhat doe you so neere this young man seperate your selfe from him your fame is greater then his you commaund more then he you haue greater experience but your familier spirit feareth his and your fortune which of it selfe is great flattereth his and if you sequester not your selfe from him she will leaue you and goe to him South-saying was first practised in Hetruria where a husbandman ploughing in the field Tarqumen a certaine man sprung vp from the ground named Tages in face much like a young child but in wisedome far surmounting any Phylosopher he taught all the Land of Hetruria Cic. de diuin Thermute the daughter of Pharao who brought vp Moses one day gaue him into her Fathers armes to play with all for the loue hee beare to her hee put his Diadem vpon Moses which he presently tooke off casting â—t vpon the ground the Astrologers that cast his natiuity sayde O King this is the childe whom God hath giuen vs to kill for vndoubtedly â—e will be the ouerthrow of our kingdome Iosephus Anaxagoras sayd that a great stone should fall from the sunne the second yeare after the 67. Olympiade in Egos a Riuer in Thracia which came so to passe Plinius Romulus after the sight of twelue Rauens as Liuie sayth or rather because the lightning had pierced his body from the left to the right side as Dionysius writeth was by diuination chosen King which was the respect that by law it was prouided that no man should take vpon him to be made King without diuination Homer maketh two gates of dreames one of horne which pertaineth to true dreames and the other of Iuory to false the greatest part passe through the gates of Iuory not through that of horne M. Cicero dreamed that he saw one in his dreame whom waking hee had neuer seene and as soone as he met him he knew him Anaxarchus in sharpe and colde weather foreknowing that Alexander would pitch hiâ— pauilion and incampe in a place where waâ— no wood layde vp all his vtensills and implements in store for a deere yeare he caused drudges and slaues to carry vvood by the loade for his owne prouision when Alexander came to that place they found such want of wood that they were compelled to burne their tables in this lacke one told the King that Anaxarchus had sufficient to whoÌ„ Alexander came and refreshed himselfe with him rewarding him aboundantly Thales Milesius a Phylosopher being vpbrayded that his wisedome could not make him rich foresaw by study that there would be great scarcity of oyle which in the time of plenty he bought vp wheÌ„ the want came by his store he became exceeding rich Laertius VVhen C. Marius was a child seauen yong Eagles fell into his lap which the Augurs did shew that hee should seauen times haue the greatest honour in Rome and he was seauen times Consull Appian Sylla after hee had resigned his Dictatorship beeing reuiled of one and patiently enâ—uring it sayde either by naturall reason or a â—iuination of thinges to come This young â—an will bee the let that another man hauing â—uch authority will not so soone giue it ouer â—vhich thing happened in Caesar. Appian An auncient Soothsayer of Tuscane when â—greement vvas made betweene the Triumâ—irats prophecied that the old kings should â—eturne and euery man be in bondage but himselfe alone and presently hee shutte his mouth and stopped his owne breath till hee dyed Appian Seleucus going to Babilon stumbled on a stone and the stone beeing remoued an Anker was seene and vvheras the Soothsayers that vvere with him said it was a signe of delay Ptolomeus Lagus that went vvith
â—nd reason which is in men this soule is â—â—kened to a circle because of her perfection â—nd containing for of all the figures of the â—ame length the circle is most most conâ—ayneth and whosoeuer hath the soule Reasonable hath also the Sensible and Vegitable sed non é contra Aristotle The soule beeing once made shall endure euermore in body or out of body and that shall neuer be sayde that it vvas made by the Image of GOD if it were closed in the bonds of death Augustine Plato calleth the soule a beeing which only mooueth it selfe Zeno termeth it a number which mooueth it selfe Pythagoras an harmony Democritus a subtile and vncertaine spyrite Aselepiades saith it is a manner of cord that setteth the fiue Sences a vvorke Porphyrius Idea Hippocrates a subtile spirit spred through all the body and Epicâ—â—rus a kinde of fire and ayre Pythagoras maintained Palingenesia whicâ— is that soules departed returne into otheâ— bodies Hee sayde that hee remembred thaâ— hee was Euphorbius at the sacke of Troy Ouid. There vvas an auncient lavve vnder Saturne that vvhen good men departed out of thys lyfe they be sent into the fortunate Iles vvhich Iles the Poet Pyndarus describeth the vvicked are sent into the Iaile of vengeance which he calleth Tartarus Plutarch imitating Plato bringeth in Thespesias raysed from the dead to discourse of the lyfe to come De sera numinis vindicta The Thracians vvere sirnamed the neuer-dying Getes vvho vvere of opinion that after theyr departure out of thys vvorld they vvent to Zamolrix or Gebelezie that is in the Getish of Goatish tongue to him that gaue them health saluation and all kind of happinesse Cleombrotus a Phylosopher when he had reade a Treatise of the immortalitie of the soule presently slew himselfe so did Cato of Vtica Plutarch That which Virgill sayth in his second Egâ—â—gue concerning the drugge or spice of Asâ—ria called Amomum and the going thereof â—uery vvhere is of some interpreted to bee â—eant of the immortalitie of the soule the â—octrine wherof Pherecides brought thence â—â—to Greece that it should bee vnderstoode â—hroughout the vvorld The taking of Enoch into heauen of God â—vas doone that the vvorlde might thereby â—nderstand and beleeue that there is immorâ—ality after this lyfe The Indians burne themselues before they â—ome to extreame age terming it the letting of men loose and the freeing of the soule froÌ„ the body and the sooner they did it the vviser they vvere esteemed Porphyrius Zeno sayd that he had rather see an Indian burne himselfe cheerefully then to heare all the Phylosophers of the vvorlde discoursing the immortality of the soule The people that dwell by the riuer Niger otherwise called the people of Seneca in Affrica offer themselues vvith great willingnes to bee buried quicke with their maisters vvherevpon Zeno sayd that all the demonstrations of Logicke and Mathematick had not so much force to proue the immortality of the soule as this onely deed of theirs Alexander asked a Gymnosophist vvheâ—ther there were more men aliue then deade he sayd there were more aliue because noâ—â— are dead Plutarch All the learning of the Sages Scythians was grounded vppon the immortality of the soule The Schollers of Hegesias hearing there Maister discoursing of the immortalitie of soules departed out of thys lyfe vvere so rauished with his words that they vvillinglie killed themselues Plutarch The soules of Saints in heauen knowe nothing vvhat is doone vpon the earth for if they did said August my mother Monicha would bee with mee euery night to comfort me in my heauines de ciuit Dei Plinie the elder denying the immortalitie of the soule vvhilst hee was ouer curious in searching out the cause of the burning Aetna was burned therein A iust punishment for him to end his life by smoake who esteemed the soule no better then a vapour Origen attributeth vnto the soules departed a place vpon the earth where they learn those thinges which they knewe not vvhile they liued As the Papists frame a Purgatorie so he an Eruditory P. Mart. Philoronimus a priest of Galatia liued sixe â—â—eres in dead mens vaults and Sepulchers â—â—at bee might alwayes remember that hee â—as dead to the vvorld and aliue to Christ. â—â—aclides Pope â—eo commanded two Phylosophers 〈◊〉 discourse of the soule the one to proue â—e immortalitie the other that it was morâ—ll and when the Pope was to giue iudgeâ—ent hee sayde to him that had maintained â—he immortality Thou hast argued the truth â—ut the reasons of the other sauour of more pleaâ—â—re and liberty Luther The soules of Tyrants are composed of arogancie and cruelty Plutarch Of all the fiue Sences the sight is most piercing and subtile for the kinde thereof is â—erie Benedictus had such a power in his eye eueÌ„ to his superiors that with a looke he caused a furious and audatious King of the Goaths to quake and tremble Plautianus had such a terror in his countenance that the lookers on him were dauÌ„ted for this cause when he went abroade he had â—â—teambulones to Marshall the way and giue warning of his coÌ„ming that they might not behold him Herodianus Comodus was of so perfect ayme sighâ— that what soeuer he shot at he killed and 〈◊〉 Herodotus writeth he slew a hundred wild beasts at a hundred shot Amongst all lyuing creaturs GOD hatâ— onely giuen immoouable eares to men and Apes Aristotle Those that dwel by the riuer Nilus are very deafe by reason of the horrible noyse 〈◊〉 thereof Ambrose The Emperour Claudius seeing the meate that was prepared for the Salian Priests dyd forthâ—with leaue all his serious affayres and vvent to dinner vvith them Suetonius Griffons haue so quicke a smell that they smell carryon ouer or beyond the Seas Ambrose Touching is a vertue in the sinewes of all the body being the sence wherein all the other imprint theyr passions Auicen There is an hearbe called Spartonica oâ— Sâ—ytica vvhich beeing tasted or helde in the mouth the Scythians therby are able to endure hunger cold twelue dayes together Plinie Of Clemencie This vertue by the Grecians is called Philanâ—ropia which signifieth the law of mankind her â—ranches are thankefulnes pitty and liberaâ—itie TItus Sonne of the Emperour Vespasian for his wonderfull clemency was called Deliciae humani generis Iosephus Antonius for his pitty was sirnamed Pius â—he as neuer Emperor before him did raigned without the effusion of any blood Traian when he was blamed by some of his friends for his ouer much clemency answered I will be vnto my Subiects as I would my Subiects should be to mee for the gentlenes of a Prince neuer hurteth his estate Suetonius Phillip King of Macedonia would not punish Nicanor although he openly spake euill of him saying when he heard therof I suppose that hee is a good man it were better to search whether the fault be in vs or no. Dion hauing ouercom Dionisius restoâ—ed his Cuntries liberty forgaue Heraclides one of his
rich crowne of â—old and offer it to Apollo but the common â—reasure being poore the vvomen defaced â—heir Owches and Iewels to make it with all â—or which they had graunted three things to â—eare on their heads garlands of flowers to goe in chariots and openly to the feasts of â—he Gods Theseus asked of the Gods three things good fortune want of inward sorrow such glory as was neither false counterfaite nor â—ained of three other boones which he prayed of Neptune the third was in his fury curâ—ing his sonne Hyppolitus and wishing his violent death which after it was granted he repented him Cicero Demonides hauing crooked feet lost both of his shooes where-vpon he desired God â—hat his shoone might serue his feet that had â—ound them VVhen Alcibiades was condemned by the Athenians they commaunded the religious people of either sexe to curse him which one of them refused to doe saying that they had entered religion not to make vniust but iust prayers Thucydides Sylla Tiberius Caligula and Nero neueâ— could but commaund and kill on the other side Augustus Titus and Traianus could not but pray and pardon in such manner that they ouercame praying as the other fighting The Lacedemonians custome was not to craue any thing of their Gods but what was of importance and consequence saying thaâ— all smal matters were to be obtained by manâ— industry Plinie in an oration he made in the prayse of Traiane commended the custome of the Auntients to make inuocation before the beginning of their work and sayd that there could be no assured nor wise beginning of any enterprise without the especiall ayde and counsaile of God In Athence was a temple dedicated to Mercy which the Athenians kept so well watched and locked that without leaue licence of the Senate none might enter therein in this temple were only the Images of pittiful men and none entered there to pray and doe sacrifice but those that vvere pittifull Macrobius Isocrates prayed God to saue and keepe him from his friends rather then his enemies saying of his enemies he could be wary â—ecause I trust them not so can I not of my â—â—iends because I haue assured confidence 〈◊〉 them Octauius prayed GOD that it might be â—yde that by him the common wealth of â—ome was preserued from all danger and at â—is death to carry with him that hope that 〈◊〉 might remaine many ages in that estate â—e left it Suetonius A poore man craued an almes of the Emâ—erour Maximilian and told him that they â—ame both of one Father to wit Adam and â—o consequently were brethren desiring broâ—herly to deale with him to whom the Emâ—erour gaue a small peece of siluer whereat â—hen he saw the poore man discontented he told him that he ought to take it in good worth saying that if euery one of his breâ—hren would giue him as much he should â—uickly be richer then himselfe Anthony distressed by the King of Parâ—â—ia held vp his hands to heauen saying if aâ—y disdaine of GOD remayned of his forâ—er fortunes hee desired it might fall vpon â—im so the Romaine army might be freed â—nd haue the victory Appian Virginia the daughter of Virginius for that her Father was a Plebeian was forbidden to doe sacrifice with other Romaine matrone in the temple of Chastity wherfore she madâ— a temple of her own house to the Goddesse for which the Senate made her a Patritiaâ— Liuius Claudius defiled the faire matrone Obeâ—â—na as he found her praying in the temple 〈◊〉 Minerua who condemned for sacriledge escaped punishment by bribes Brutus not satisfied in killing Caesar madâ— his prayers vnto Iupiter and the hoast 〈◊〉 heauen to plague Caesar and his posterity VVhen the Cretans were vngently intreated of the Romaines they did not pray 〈◊〉 their Gods to send them pestilence warre and famine or sedition but that they woulâ— suffer new customes manners and fashion to be brought amongst them The praier of old Cato was that the couâ—â— of pleas might bee set with linnes and 〈◊〉 to take the professors of the brawâ—â—â— study of law Plutarch Alexander caused his Horse Bucephalus be buried Augustus his Parrot and Heliogabalus his Sparrow at whose obsequieâ— hee prayed and caused the body to be embalmed Of Vertue The Hebrewes by reason of the tenne Comâ—aundements boasted that they had the cheefest â—od and the summe of all Vertue MArcus Marcellus building a Temple which he called the Temple of Honor 〈◊〉 so place situate the same as none could â—aue any entrance therein except hee came â—â—rough the Temple of Vertue Liuius The Romans did not onely assigne the â—hiefest places to men of vertue but likewise â—ubliquely they gaue them Speares Horse-â—appings and Garlands Tacitus VVhen the Romaine Victors rode in tryâ—mph a slaue sate behind them striking them 〈◊〉 vpon the necke that they shoulde reâ—ember themselues and not be proude and â—hat euery man shoulde hope by vertue to â—ome to the like dignity Plutarch Fabius for his vertues was sirnamed Maxiâ—â—us where before he was called Gurges Alexanders vertues purchased him the sirâ—ame of great Plut. It is recorded of Fabius that it was as hard â—o draw him from his honestie and vertues as the sunne from his course Eutropius Camillus for a disgrace happening to him in Rome was banished into Campania where his vertues and seruice in the vvars oâ— that country succeeded so happily with him that hee returned to Rome not as an offender but in great tryumph No Athenian excelled Alcibiades eytheâ— for vertue or vice Iustinus Socrates made him to weepe for that hee shewed him by liuely reasons that he vvas 〈◊〉 lesse estimation then a base hinde if hee haâ— not vertue and that it behooued him to bâ— sorrowfull The Rhodians and the Lydians had a lawe that those sonnes which followed not they fathers in theyr vertues but liued viciously should be disinherited and theyr lands giue to the most vertuous of that race not admitting any impious heyre vvhat-soeuer Varro For that Artaxerxes Mnemon was a vertuous Prince delighted in peace the succeeding kings of Persia were called by his name Basilius Emperour of Constantinople aâ— his death exhorted Leo his sonne to vertuous actions and not to become slaue to hyâ— owne affections by good lyfe and studie oâ— â—odlines to beautifie his soule shewing himâ—â—lfe the image and Lieuetenant of the Knig 〈◊〉 heauen Theophrastus Demetrius the scholler of Theophrastus 〈◊〉 he had ten yeeres gouerned the state of â—hence hauing in memory of his vertues â—â—ree hundred and threescore statues erected 〈◊〉 Greece yet were they all through enuie â—oken dovvne which when he heard of he 〈◊〉 Though they burne my pictures yet cannot â—â—ey burne the vertuous cause of them Theoprastus Alexander vvilled that the Grecians and Barbarians shoulde no more be disguised by â—â—eyr garments but that the Grecian should be knowne by vertue and the Barbarian by 〈◊〉 accounting all vertuous men Greciâ—ns and all vicious Barbarians Quint. Curâ—â—us Menander King
whose safetie ought to bee preferred before all affection riches and life sith in her preseruation all our riches lands liberties and lifes are secured ARistotle beeing at Athence was verie carefull for his country the which when Alexander had ouer-runne and rased by letters bee mooued him to builde it vp againe Val. Max. Dion of Syracuse vvas so louing to hys Country that hee neuer rested vntill he had thorowly freed it from the tyrannie of Dyosius Plutarch Damarathus a Lacedemonian though banished his Country and lyuing at Athence yet thought it his duty to forevvarne hys Countrymen of the expedition which theyr enemies the Athenians speedily intended against them Val. Max. The Senate of Rome saluted Augustus by the name of Pater Patriae Seuer Caelia being amongst many other virgins one of the hostages of King Porsena stole away by night from her Keeper mounted vpon a horse swamme the riuer whose vertue raised King Porsenas siege and deliuered her Country from further feare Val. Paulus Aemilius warring against Pyrrhus King of the Epyrots when the Oracle pronounced that the Romaines should bee victors if any one amongst them would throw himselfe into a gulfe Val. Torquatus voluntarily offered himselfe Plut. Q. Curtius did the like in Rome beeing armed and mounted on horseback Scipio Affricanus caused to be written vpon his graue Vnkind Country receiue thou not my bones Plut. Leaena hearing that her son in battaile died valiantly neuer mourned but lyfted vp her hands to heauen and thanked God that shee brought such a sonne into the vvorld which in respect of vertue for the defence of hys Country gaue his lyfe So deere was the loue of his country to Vlisses that he preferred his natiue soile Ithaca before immortality Homer Coriolanus beare vnkinde armes against his Country Plut. Nascia was most worthily renowned for the defence of his Country Appian Q. M. Scaeuola feared not to goe to King Porsenas Campe intending to slay him that troubled his Country but killing the Secretary in stead of the King hee was brought to the fire and so valiantly indured the burning of his hand that the King amazed thereat fearing some other stratageme dismissed him who for the losse of his right hand vvas sirnamed Scaeuola Liuius The Romans erected Images of all such as renowned theyr Country Codrus vnderstanding by the Oracle that except hee were slaine his Countrimen the Athenians shoulde neuer haue the victorie ouer theyr enemies vvent disguised into the battaile in the coate of a common souldier thrusting himselfe into the formost front was slaine Iustin. Aglauros cast himselfe headlong from the walls of Athence vnderstanding that if any one vvould voluntarily kill him selfe for his Country they should be conquerours Theopa Eubula Praxithea for the preseruation of Athence were offered vnto Minerua to these was a temple erected called Leocorium which is the temple of the peoples daughters Pausan. Leonides the Lacedemonian and thirty men more of high resolution yeelded theyr bodies to the bitter passion of dreadful death at Pylas which was pronounced vpon them by prophecy for the preseruation of al Graecia Rauisius All the riches in the world could not withdraw Epaminondas from any the least duty of his Country Aelianus Socrates went to Amphipolis Potidaea two great Citties in Delos to fight for his Country Plato from a famous Phylosopher of Athence became a renowned Souldier at the siege of Corynth Laertius Caluin in the yeare 1556. when Perin had conspired against the estate of Geneua ran into the midst of their naked swords to appease the tumult Beza Antonius the Romaine Orator vncouered the armes and shoulders of Aquilius when he was adiudged to death shewing the skars of the wounds which he had receaued in defence of his Country at which sight the Iudges were so affected that they reuersed theyr verdit and pardoned him Valerius Cato of Vtica answered one of his friends who was come to giue him thanks for defending him in iudgement against a false accusation that he was to thank the common wealth for whose loue only he did speake counsailed all things M. Otho left behind him a wonderfull example of the loue he bare to his Countrey for the benefit wherof he died willingly Camillus beeing a banished man rescued Rome and put the French-men to flight for the which he was called the second Romulus Plutarch Themistocles being banished his Country and in seruice with King Artaxerxes poysoned himselfe with the blood of a Bull in presence of all the Persians least hee should be compelled to fight agaynst his Countrey Thucidides VVhen Pisistratus had brought the Citty of Athence vnder his obedience Solon seeing that all his labour for defence of the common liberty was in vaine came and layde down his sword and target before the Senate dores saying O my Countrey I haue by word and deede defended thee whilst I could Vetruria disswaded her Sonne Martius besieging Rome onely by reducing to his memory the loue hee ought to haue to his Country Liuius Sertorius desired Pompeius and Metellus to procure his reuocation saying He desired rather to be called an obscure Cittizen of Rome then else where an Emperour Pompeius loued the common-weale but Cicero preserued it so that vnlesse Cicero had preserued the estate Pompeius should haue vvanted place vvhere to tryumph Plutarch Iulius Caesar and Cicero being mortall enemies Caesar in the Senate sayd vnto him I cannot deny this ô Cicero but that in those things that touch thy selfe thou art carelesse remisse but in matters that concerne the comon-wealth very importune Suetonius Timagenes seeing the Citty of Thebes besieged for his sake chose rather to yeeld himselfe to the Greekes who were desirous of him then to abide the burning spoyling and sacking of his Country Aratus the Sicyonian when his Citty was 50. yeares with-holden by tyrants being departed from Argos to Sicyon with a priuy stoln entry got possession of the Citty ouercame the tyrant Nicocles restored home againe 600. banisht men and set the common weale at liberty Cicero Aulus Fuluius a Senatour of Rome because his Son other wise of great hope was confederate with Cataline in the conspiracy killed him saying I begotte thee not for Cataline to go against thy Country but for thy Country against Cataline Valerius Max. Gracchus Son of that Gracchus that had been twice Consull whose mother was Cornelia daughter to Scipio that conquered Affrica meaning well to his Countrey but managing it vndiscreetly was slaine in the Capitoll by Cornelius Scipio Nasica and his followers Appian Of Pleasure How so euer by the Latines Pleasure is interpreted in the worser sence by the name of Voluptas the Greekes are indifferent terming it Hedone whose deriuation is from sweetnes or pleasantnes it is accompanied with delectation recreation oblectation insultation ill will c. THE Scythians were so giuen to all kinde of pleasure that in beastlines they exceeded brute beasts Pausanias Sardanapalus was so subiect to plesure that he
according to the laws who had hardly escaped iudgement if he had not gotten three children by her Idem Albinus obtained his purpose of the Emperour Adrian for none other desert of his but that hee had begotten an house full of children Eutropius Lycurgus made a law that they which maried not should be kept in Sommer from the sight of Stage playes and other showes and in VVinter they should go naked about the market place confessing that they had iustly deserued that punishment because they liued not according to the lawes The Greekes punished the breach of matrimony with ten yeares wars Homer Among the Hebrewes if a thiefe restored foure times the value of that he tooke away he was acquitted but an adulterers offence was punished with death It was also lawfull among them to kill the adulterer Among the Hebrewes and the Persians he was most commended that had most wiues as though the Cuntry were most beholding to him that encreased the same with the gretest number of children Tib. Gracchus finding two Serpents in his chamber inquired the meaning thereof by a South-sayer that if he slew the male first hee should dye before his wife but if the female his wife before him but louing his wife derely he killed the male and dyed shortly after Valerius Orpheus wife Euridice dying vppon her wedding day he kept his loue inuiolable and would neuer set it vpon any other Ninus King of the Assirians falling in loue with Semeramis the wife of Menon his vassal requested that hee might haue her to wife and he should haue his daughter in mariage but Menon loued her so well that hee would not yeeld thereto the King enraged caused his eyes to be pulled out tooke her away by force Menon for griefe hanged him selfe M. Lepidus being driuen into banishment hearing that his wife was maried to another dyed for griefe VVhen word was brought to Plautius Numidius a Romaine Senator that his wife was dead he stabbed him selfe Silanus after Nero had tooke his wife from him slew him selfe Domitius Catalusius Prince of Lesbos loued his wife so well that althogh she grew leprous he neuer forbad her his bord or bed Hector when he saw Troy burning was not so much greeued for his Parents his brethren nay his selfe as for Andromache his wife Homer Antonius Pius loued his wife Faustine so wel that when she died he caused her picture to be made to be set vp before his face in his bed chamber that he alwayes might remember her M. Plancius sailing with his wife into Asia in the midst of his great glory for that his wife died stabbed himselfe with his dagger saying two bodies shall possesse one graue Antimachus a Poet bewailed the death of his wife in mournfull Elegies Pericles being at Athence was found kissing of his wife at Athence being from Athence hee was found more sad to depart from his vvife then vvilling to dye for his Country Orpheus loued his wife so well that hee went to hell redeemed her from thence but through too much loue looking backe he lost her againe Ouid. Alcestes a Q. of Thessalie at what time K. Admetus should die hauing by an Oracle giuen an aunswer that if any would die for the King he should liue which when all refused his vvife offered her selfe to saue her husbands life Iulia Pompeius wife seeing him come sore wounded from the field supposing that hee was slaine beeing great with child trauailed straight and dyed Paulina the wife of Seneca when shee had heard of the death of her husband enquiring the manner of it she killed her selfe Ipsicratea the wife of Mithridates followed him lyke a Lacky in the warres vnknown to him desirous rather to bewitch him then liue a Queene in Pontus Aemilia the wife of Affricanus perceauing her husband to be in loue vvith one of her maydes and oftentimes to vse the mayde as her selfe neuer hated the mayd nor told her husband therof and when he was dead shee maried her wealthily in Rome Triara when shee knew by letters that her husband Vitellius was enuironed of his enemies she rushed into the campe and pressed to her husband ready to die with him Laodamia loued her husband so well that when she heard that Protesilaus was slaine onely desired that she might see his shadow which when shee saw and offering to embrace dyed presently Valeria a Romaine Lady sayde that her husband dyed for others but liued to her for euer Sulpitia being carefully restrained by her mother Iulia frō seeking her husband Lentulus in Sicilia whether he was banished she went thither apparailed like a Page Hipparchia a very faire and rich woman so much loued the Phylosopher Crates who was hard fauoured and poore that she maried him against all her friends minds The King of Persia hauing taken prisoner the wife of Pandanns and killed him would haue maried her but she slew her selfe vttering these words GOD forbid that to bee a Queene I should euer wed him that hath beene the murderer of my deere husband Fuluia the wife of Anthony not bearing his vnkindnes in leauing her sicke and not bidding her farewell dyed for sorrow Appian Phaethusa the wife of Pytheus thought so earnestly vpon her husbands absence that at his returne she had a beard growne vpon her chinne Hier. Merc. Melanthus sayde of Grogias the most eloquent Oratour that he laboured to exhort men to concord yet could he not quiet his wife and therefore held it great presumption to perswade others to that which hee could not procure himselfe in his owne priuate family Amongst the Romaines if any discention happened betweene the husband the wife the Parents of both parties met in a temple consecrated to the Goddesse Viriplica and there tooke notice of their griefes and also reconciled them Vlisses albeit Penelope were both faire chast would neuer trust her vntill the very extreamity Homer In Florence euen at this day he that is Father of twelue children male or female presently vpon the birth of the twelueth is free and exempt from all taxe impost loane or Subsidy Volateranus Adrian of all the Emperors the most learned in the Mathematiques Greeke tong vpon the confiscation of any mans goods attainted and conuicted hearing that hee had children vvould restore the goods of the condemned Fathers vnto them Eutropius The Arabians Grecians and Italians did vsually keepe theyr vvyues shut vp in theyr houses almost as prisoners and now likewise the Turks Antonius Geff. In Gascoine the wiues are in no subiection at all but gad vp and downe at theyr pleasures like antient Amazons Gilb. Graap Isis Queene of Aegipt made a law that vppon the marriage day the husband should take a solemne oath betvveene his vvyues hands that hee should not meddle with any houshold affaires and the wife likewise betweene her husbands hands that shee should neuer entermedle with any forraine affaires or businesses Diodorus The wiues of Sparta were reported in
abused by her drunken Father knowing by his Ring shee tooke of from his finger that it was hee shee killed him at the Altar Plut. Of Sorrow This vexation of mind and sicknes of the bodie is a perturbation altogether contrarie to pleasure from whence doth spring repentance sadnesse freating lamentation carefulnes affliction mourning and desperation this is the last of the perturbations of the minde beeing in number foure A Certaine Nun vvas mother to P. Lombardus maister of the sentences Gratianus who when shee sawe them such notable men sayd she could not repent to whom her Confessor said Only sorrow because thou canst not sorrow P. Mar. The Iewes thought Ecclesiastes to bee Salomons repentance Idem Origen repenting himselfe being sorrie for that hee did in his adolescencie sayde I expounded the Prophet Abdias allegoricallie whose history I vnderstoode not Aeschines the Orator being as he was alwayes sicke did neuer complaine of the Spleene that did grieue him on the other part he did much lament for any sorow that otherwise happened vnto him Plutarch Telemachus helde this his greatest griefe that Iupiter had ended the race of his Father in him not giuing him a brother Homer King Xerxes when he saw that Ochus lay in waite for his brethren to put theÌ„ to death died for griefe thereof Plantius the Numidian looking vpon hys dead wife tooke such griefe to his hart that casting himselfe vpon the dead body he rose no more but was stifled vvith sorrow Diodorus the Logitian dyed for sorrovve because he was not able to aunswer the questions of Stilpo Laertius M. Coriolanus being banished Rome became enemy to her but his mother Veturia comming vnto him vpbraiding him with his fault he found his error layd dovvne his armes went out of the field and dyed vvith greefe of minde Liuius Homer dyed with suddaine sorrovve because he could not aunswer a question which a Fisherman propounded vnto him Plu. The Romaine Matrons bewailed the death of Brutus one whole yeere as a cheefe defender of theyr chastities Eutrop. Torquatus the younger being banished froÌ„ his Fathers house for greefe thereof slevve himselfe There was great contention betweene Sophocles and Aeschilus about versifying in which by the iudgement of those that were present Sophocles was preâ—erred vvhich Aeschilus tooke so greeuously that he fledde forthwith into Sicilia where hee lyued obscuâ—ely and in the end died miserably The lyke is written of Calchas a Soothsayer at his returne from Troy being ouercom of Mopsus one of his owne profession Homer Niceratus for that Antimachus verses vvritten in the prayse of Lisander vvere by him more esteemed then his although by iudgement of the learned Niceratus were better hee was so greeued that hee forsooke his studies but Plato by counsell turned his minde and of a dissolute made him a diligent studient in Poetry Themistocles mother for very griefe conceiued that her sonne in his youth vvas gyuen to all kinde of vvickednesse hanged her selfe P. Rutilius vvhen hee heard that his Brother desiring to be made a Consul in Rome had taken the repulse for very angush of minde dyed By the lawes of the twelue tables of Rome all sorrovve and vveeping at funeralls vvas forbidden Lepidus by a long griefe conceiued of the misbehauiour of his vvife shortned his own dayes Dioxippus before Alexander onely vvith a club challenged Corrhagus beeing all armed to enter combat with him vvhen â—ee had smitten Corrhagus speare out of his hand hee closed vvith him and laying fast hold vpon his armour hee threw him down then sette his foote vpon his necke and gored him through the body with his svvord for vvhich acte Alexander hated him whervpon Dioxippus tooke inward thought gaue such scope vnto inward force of fantasie that hee pyned and consumed away with griefe of minde Timanthes when hee had finished the picture of Iphigenia in colours set foorth Calchas to bee sorrowfull for the same but Vlisses more sad and to make her Father Agamemnon seeme most sorrowfull he painted him with his face couered The Poets faine Prometheus to bee tyed vpon the top of the Mountaine Caucasus an Eagle to be gnawing of his hart whereby they signifie no other thing but the great sadnes of Prometheus gotten by contemplating the starres and Planets The poesie of the Pythagorians vvas The hart should not be eaten Caesar neuer feared Anthony Dolobella or any other that was of a merry countenaunce but rather doubted sadde mellancholie persons such as Brutus and Cassius vvas Crassus was called Gelastos for that he was once seene to laugh in his life Anaxagoras Clazomenius vvas noted that hee neuer was seene to laugh or smyle from the day of his byrth Aristoxenus did vvonderfully bridle himselfe from laughter Heraclitus was at such defiance with mirth that hee wept continually and Democritus alwaies laughed Laertius Bibuâ—us hearing of the death of both hys children in one day lamented their losse that one day and no more Anaxagoras hearing tell that his sonne was dead aunswered It is no meruaile for I begot a mortall body P. Varro remained so sorrowful in his hart to see himselfe ouercome of his enemies his vvife suddainely dead that all the time he after liued he neither combed his head slept in bed nor dined at the table Liuius The Romaines were so sorrowfull for the death of Augustus Caesar that they vvished hee had neuer beene borne or being borne neuer dyed Eutropius Of Lying This contrary to truth nature maketh that seeme very good which is euill and causeth the tongue to become a member of iniustice when it vttereth more or lesse then is indeed vnder this vice are contained Deceipt Dissimulation Crâ—â—t Hipocrisie Idolatry and cousenage THrough a lye Ioseph was cast into pryson and Saint Chrisostome sent into banishment The Egyptians ordained death to lyers so dyd the Scythians and Garamantes The Persians and Indians depriued him of all honour and farther speech which lyed The Gymnosophists and Chaldeans barred lyers all companies and dignities and condemned them to remaine in perpetuall darknes without speaking The very wormes did eate the tongue of the cousoner Nestorius in his lyfe time Nicephorus Popiel King of Poland had euer this wishe in his mouth If it be not true I would the Rats might eate mee vvhich came to passe for he was so assayled by theÌ„ at a banquet that neyther his guards nor fire nor water could defend him from them Munster Some write that an Archbishop of Magunce died the lyke death The Emperor Traiane sirnamed the good Prince tooke away from the sonne of Cebaâ—us the kingdom of Dacia which we terme at this day Transiluania and Valachia onely because he caught him in a lye and â—old him that Rome could not permit a lyer to possesse a kingdome After that one had reade vnto Alexander the great History out of Aristobulus wherin he had intermingled certaine counterfaite prayses he â—â—ong the booke into the Ryuer saying The writer
peece of plate which they had craftily hid in some things about him for the which he was cast downe from a rocke Plut. Lucius Crassus wone himselfe great praise by a noble glorious accusation Cicero An accusation brought Publius Suâ—pitius eloquence to light when into iudgement he called the seditious and vnprofitable Cittizen C. Norbanus The Lidians had a law that as they sent the condemned murderers to row in the Gallies so they confined those that were detracters and ill tongued men into a secret place farre of from all company the space of halfe a yeare Plut. Tiberius the Emperor condemned a great talker and rayler of his tongue commanded that he should not speake a word the space of a yeare Aristophanes was accused by the Athenians 95. times euer acquitted Narsetes that valiant Generall by false and slaunderous accusations was by Iustine the Emperour depriued of his charge P. Diaconus Theodoricus King of the Goaths in his rage through a forged accusation executed Boetius Symmachus shortly after he was serued at the table with the head of a fish which seemed to him to be the same of Symmachus looking a squint vppon him with which conceit he fell sicke and dyed Olaus Thrasibulus King of the Iewes tooke such a conceite in that he had slaine his brother without hearing his excuse that he died the like befell to Aristobulus for murthering his brother Antiochus who vomited vp his blood in the place where his brothers was spilt and in remorse of conscience dyed Iosephus They which accused Socrates not being able any longer to abide the publique hate strangled themselues Mary of Aragon accused an Earle before the Emperour Otho her husband saying that he would haue defiled her and he was beheaded but the truth being afterwards discouered she was publiquely burned Nicephorus vvriteth the lyke of Constantine the great Leo the Emperour vpon a false accusation condemned Michaell to death which execution being a while deferred the Emperor dyed and Michaell was chosen in his sted Mathias the Sonne of Huniades was charged of ill behauing himselfe towards Ladislaus King of Boheme and Hungary and as he was ready to be condemned his eldest brother hauing been before executed vpon enuy and false information the sayd Ladislaus minding to marry Margaret daughter to Charles the 7 dyed sodainly and Mathias was chosen King of Hungary Loncerus Of Flattery This poyson of mans sences and vnderstanding hath no other scope in the world but deceit selfe-loue and ouerweening of ones selfe yeelneth this large field cleane taking away right iudgement and is blind in regard of what it loueth the feeders of this humour are more dangerous then Rauens for they doe but deuoure the bodies of the dead slatterers of the liuing PHillip sirnamed Gods gift and Constantine banished flatterers froÌ„ their courts And at Athence they were put to death as the very ruine and plague of Princes Dion attributeth the hatred vvhich vvas conceiued against Iulius Caesar his death to flatterers Dyonisius of Syracuse sent Philoxenus the Poet to the galowes with those that were condemned to die because heee vvould not flatter him The Thessalians cleane rased a Citty of the Melians because it was named flattery Atheneus The Athenians put Tymagoras to death because to insinuate with Darius he saluted after the Persian manner Agrippa Alexander the great and Alphonsus King of Arragon hauing each of them somewhat awry necke the one of them by nature the other by custome the flatterers and courtiers that attended them helde their necks on the one side to 〈…〉 theyr imperperfections Clisiphus was called the couÌ„terfait of King Phillip because when the king was merry he was merry and whatsoeuer the King tooke in hand this flatterer would maintaine Aristippus coulde better please Dionisius with flattery then Dion the Syracusian could pleasure him with truth Curio the Parasite might perswade Caesar to doe any thing One subtile flattering SinoÌ„ did that which tenne yeeres siege could not effect namely the destruction of Troy Virgil. Dionisius sent vnto Philoxenes the Poet a Tragedy of his owne making that hee might reade and correct it which hee returned all blotted and rased from the beginning to the end because hee found it in no respect vvorthy to be published so farre vvas hee from flattering him Augustus so hated flattery that hee could not abide the kneeling of his housholde seruaunts Tiberius woulde not suffer his seruaunts to call him Lord. Alexander when his Parasites perswaded him to thinke himselfe a God sayd That by two things especially he knew himselfe to be a man and no God namely by sleepe and carnall motions Plutarch In the hindermost part of Spaine vvhen those of Siuill had war vvith the Gaditanes it chanced that euen in the midst of the time those of Siuill vvanted mony and two Parasites offered themselues for two yeeres to sustaine the vvarres vvith their own proper charges Aurelius The Emperour Aurelius neuer dranke other then red vvine vvhich Torquatus perceiuing refrained from drinking of VVhitevvine and planted all his Vines vvith redde Grapes for vvhich he made him Consul of Rome Gueuara The Emperour Sigismond strooke one that praysed him too much saying that hee bitte him The flattering followers of Sylla sette vp his image of gold on horse-back in the common pallace at Rome vvith this title Cornelius Sylla the happy Captaine which name beginning of flattery remained firme and stable Appian Antigonus sayde vnto a Poet vvho called him a God therby noting his flattery that the Groome of his stoole knewe there was no such matter Aristotles auditors couÌ„terfeited his stamering Alexanders followers his double chinne shrilnes of speech the schollers of Ennius his drunkennesse Flatterers as the Italians say trauaile betweene Lodi and Placentia but neuer come at Verona Aristippus suing to Dionisius for a friende of his and beeing once denied fell downe before his feete for the which hee was reproâ—ued but he thus excused it saying I am not in the faulte but Dionisius who hath eares on his feete VVhen the flatterers of Dionisius perceiued that hee held Plato in great estimation they then counterfaited the countenaunce and habite of Philosophers but after that by theyr meanes Plato was expelled they returned to theyr former wicked course of lyuing Plut. Platoes schollers for asmuch as theyr Maister had a broade breast and high shoulders and vvas therefore named Plato which signifieth broade they stuffed theyr garments and vvore vppon theyr shoulders great bolsters to the end they might seeme to bee of the like forme that he vvas Carneades the Phylosopher sayde that the sonnes of noble men learned nothing vvell but to ride for whilst they learned letters theyr Maisters flattered them praysing euery word they spake and in vvrastling theyr Teachers companions submitting themselues fell downe at theyr feete but the horse not knovving who rideth him if he sitte not surely will cast him quickly Laertius Alexander sayd that he loued better the
the name of pouerty was honoured at Rome vvhich was by the space of 400. yeares after the foundation thereof Pleasure could neuer set foote as there but â—fter that Pouerty began to be contemned â—ertue immediatly tooke her flight from â—hence which was their vtter ouerthrow Valerius Publicola hauing foure times â—eene Consull of Rome the onely man for gouernment in war and peace his pouerty is â—ecorded not to his shame but to his praise Liuius Poore Aristides had not the least honour â—n the seruice at Salamis and at Plateus was â—he chiefe leader of all the Athenian forces â—hoÌ„ Vertue did put forward Pouerty could not hold back nor dismay Herodotus Fabritius being in pouerty was sent in Emâ—assage amongst other Romaines to Pyrrhus of whom Pyrrhus tooke such lyking â—hat to winne him to be his he proffered him â—he fourth part of his kingdome Eutropius Ephialtes beeing cast in the teeth with his pouerty sayde VVhy doost not thou make â—ehearsall of the other thing namely that I loue â—aw and regard right Aelian One of Catoes sonnes of 15. yeares age was banished for breaking of an earthen pot in a maydes hand that went for water so waâ— Cinnaes sonne because hee entered a Garden and gathered fruite without leaue The Ostracisme amongst the Athenians was a banishment for a time whereby the brought dovvne them that seemed to exceede in greatnes This was inuented by Clisthenes A rude rusticke fellow happened to meet Aristides bearing a scroale of paper in hyâ— hand and desired him to wryte the name oâ— Aristides therein who meruailing thereat asked whether any man had been by him iniured No quoth he but I cannot in any wisâ— endure the sirname of Iustus Plutarch At such time as the Ephesi banished theyâ— Prince Hermodonus they pronounced thiâ— sentence Let none of vs excell another but iâ— any so doe let him no longer heere dwell but inhabite else where Cicero Celliodorus the Phylosopher was banished in the prosperity and fury of the Marians not for the euils they found in him buâ— for the vices he reproued in them Vulturnus a man in Astrology profoundly learned was banished by M. Antonius because Cleopatra hated him Bestius and Colla Gentlemen of Rome when they had boldly declared theyr seruice for the common-wealth and reprehended the Senatours before they would be cast out by decree voluntarily exiled themselues Appian Sittius was the first and onely man that as a stranger was an outlaw in his owne Country Idem Of Death Death is faigned of the Poets to be the sister of Sleepe both borne of their mother Night a Goddesse impartiall and inexorable as sparing none and the Aegiptians by an Owle sitting vpon a tree signifie death This all-killing power triumphans cedit and by death is ouercome EPaminondas ready to giue vp the ghost willed the poysoned shaft to bee pulled from his deadly wound wheÌ„ it was giuen him to vnderstand that his shield was found safe and his enemies put to flight he cheerefully departed out of this world Cicero Gorgias Leontinus being very sick a frend of his demanded of him how he felt himselfe in body he answered Now Sleepe beginneth to deliuer me to the power of his brother Death Asdrubals wife the last Lady of Carthage had the lyke end in death as the first Lady Dido had for she threw her selfe and her two sonnes into the fire Herod because hee would make the Iewes sorry for his death whether they would or no dying commanded to sley all the Noble mens children of Iury. Iosephus Vespasian ready to dye stoode vp sayd It becommeth an Emperour to passe out of this world standing Calanus an Indian Gymnosophist when he had taken his long leaue of Alexander piled vp a bonfire in the suburbs of Babilon of dry wood of Cedar Rosemary Cypres Mirtle Laurell then he mounted the pile the Sunne shining in his face whose glorious beames he worshipped then he gaue a token to the Lacedemonians to kindle the fire stoutly and valiantly dyed Cercidas an Arcadian ready to dye said to his companions I am not loath to depart this life for I hope to see and talke with Pythagoras among the Phylosophers with Liuius among the Historiographers with Orpheus among the Musitians and with Homer among the Poets which words as soone as he had vttered hee gaue vp the ghost Plato dying thanked nature for three cauâ—es the first that he was borne a man not beast the second that hee was borne in Greece and not in Barbary the third that â—ee was borne in Socrates time who taught â—im to die well Antemon was so desirous to liue and so â—earefull to dye that scarse he would trauaile â—broade and compelled to goe two of his â—eruants bore ouer his head a great brazen Target to defend him from any thing which might happen to hurt him Massinissa King of Numidia rather committed his estate and life vnto dogs then vnto men as his gard to keepe and defend him from death Hector sayd to Andromache Be not sorry for my death for all men must die Homer Polydamas entering into a Caue to defend himselfe from the rayne through the violence of the water the Caue fell downe vpon him Cicero Anacreons breath was stopped with a grape kernell that stucke in his throate Plinie Euripides returning home from King Archelaus his supper was torne in peeces of dogs Gellius Aeschilus sitting in a sunny place in Sicily an Eagle flying ouer taking his white bald head for a stone strooke the shell of a Tortoyse which was in his bill against his head and dashed out his braine Valerius Pyndarus laying his head downe to sleep in the bosome of a boy whom he loued neueâ— awaked Suidas Ennius would not haue his death lamented because he was famous in his works yet Solon would haue his death bewailed writ to put his friends in minde Let my departure wayed be let my friends draw sighs for me Trophonius and Agamedes hauing built a sumptuous temple to Apollo of Delphos begged the most profitable thing that might bee giuen to man after the third day they were found dead Cicero Velcurio the learned Phylosopher lying vpon his death-bed when his friends came to comfort him sayde The Father is my Creatour the Sonne my Redeemer the holy Ghost my Comforter how can I then be sorrowfull or dismayde The day before that Caesar went to the Senate hee had beene at a banquet with Lepidus talking meerely vvhat death was best for a man some saying one and some another he of al praised the sodaine death which happened to him Appian The Scots in theyr owne Chronicles haue recorded that of one hundred fiue Kings â—here dyed not aboue 50. of naturall deaths Gasper Peucerus Of Vsurie Vsury of some called Interest but without reason why sith money let to interest returneth but with his proper summe the daughter of Couetousnes and Ambition may well be called a continuall sire which euer encreaseth through
marriage that as the heauens coulde not suffer two Sunnes to rule so the earth might not permit two Alexanders Of Enuie The most auncient vice of the world is Enuy and that which shall not end vntill the vvorlde end is Enuie THE Poets haue alwaies written that the enuious persons are continually tormeÌ„ted by Megera one of the Furies of hell Caligula offered sacrifice to Enuie as fearing himselfe to be subiect to her furie and therfore desirous to stand in her grace Dion Aristotle enuied Isocrates so much that he vvas wont to say It were a shame for Aristotle to hold his peace and let Isocrates speake Homer had his Zoilus Virgill his Meuius Cicero his Lycinius yea the Gods themselues had theyr Momus Fauorinus was vvont to wonder hovve he coulde lyue because the Emperour Adrian enuied him and therefore on a time yeelding to the Emperour in a certaine disputation vvhen his friends that stood by meruailed thereat he sayd shall not I yeeld to him that hath twenty legions of souldiours Plato and Xenophon Demosthenes and Aeschines greatly despised each other Antoninus and Geta brothers successors in the Empire to Seuerus theyr Father enuied so each other that Antoninus slew hys brother Geta that he might rule alone Herodian The Athenians through the enuy they bare to Themistocles caused Timocreon a Rhodian Poet in his verses to report him a couetous person a violater of his fayth and no keeper of hospitalitie Caligula vvas wont for enuie to those hee met to shaue theyr haires of behinde hee was so enuious that if hee saw any Romaine that had faire golden hayre he would cut it off with his owne hands Sueto Anthony caused the head of Cicero to bee set before him when he was at meat hys vvife Fuluia pulled out the tongue thereof and wore it in her bonnet Plutarch Metellus at what time Pompey was appoynted to succeed him in his office of Proconsulshyp in Spayne for enuy threof brake all the furniture of warre consumed all the victuals famished all the Elephants suffering his souldiours to doe vvhat iniury they could against Pompey Plato being in Aegina it was told the chiefe Iudge that a man of Athence was in the Cittie which ought by law to die he calling Plato before him demaunded what hee vvas Plato aunswered a Phylosopher one enuious of him and good letters hearing the name of Phylosopher sayd thys is no man but a beast then replyed Plato saying I ought to be free by law beeing a beast and no man vvherevpon they dismissed hym Laertius Politian writ to an enuious man thou enuiest all things to all men except enuie and the same thou doost enuie in another man which is more enuious then thy selfe The mortall hatred betwixt Caesar and Pompey was not because the one had iniured the other but for that Pompey had enuie of that great fortune of Caesars in fighting and Caesar of the great grace Pompey had in gouernment Suetonius Themistocles beeing demaunded by one that met him why hee was sad aunswered The sorrow that I haue is for that in 22. yeeres since I was borne I thinke not that I haue doone any thing worthy memory because I see no man in all Athence beareth me enuie Plutarch The Salamines buried theyr deade vvith theyr backes turned against the Agarenes vvhich were theyr mortall enemies shewing thereby that their enmitie endured not only in time of theyr lyfe but also vvhen they were dead Publius seeing Mutius a dogged enuious man sadder then hee was wont to be sayd Eyther some misfortune is befallen Mutius or else some good fortune to those that hee enuieth Macrobius So mortall vvas the hatred betweene the two bretheren Eteocles and Polynices that vvhen theyr bodyes according to the custome of the Countrey were burned the flame parted in sunder shewing therby that theyr enuie was not ended in death Seneca Caligula was desirous of his ovvne ease yet hee was enuious to those that vvere at ease as well as he Sueto He enuied Homer so much that being determined vpon a time to abolish the memory of him he sayd that hee might well haue as much power as Plato to vveede him out of his Common-wealth Suetonius Dyonisius the tyrant to auoyd enuie aduaunced a man that was wicked greatly hated of the people and beeing demaunded vvhy he did so Because quoth hee I meant to haue a man in my Realme that shall bee more hated then my selfe So mortall was the enuie between Themistocles and Arestides that Themistocles said to the Athenians Except yee cast mee and Aristides out of the Citty into the bottome of the sea ye shall neuer haue a quiet Athence Alexander would not that Aristotle should publish those bookes which hee had read to him because hee desired alone to passe all others in learning and feates of warre Alcibiades to auoyde the ouer-great enuie of the people to turne aside the euill speeches they had of him cutte of the tayle of a dogge that he had bought very deere and draue him thorow the Citty to the intent hee might busie mens heades about talke of his dogge and not about other matters Narsetes being an Egiptian borne was very much enuied of the Romaines because he daily encreased in honour and riches Had not that which Carmenta or Nicostrata the vvife of Euander writ of the warrs of Troy beene at that tyme throught enuie throwne into the fire the name of Homer had without doubt at thys day remayned obscure Aurelius Viriatus a Spanyard King of the Lusitanians and a great enemy to the Romaines was so aduenturous in all hys vvarres and valiant in person that they by the space of fifteene yeeres could neuer haue victory of him but when they saw by experience that he was inuinsible through enuy they caused him to be poysoned Alexander could not abide Perdiccas because hee was warlike he hated Lysimachus because he was cunning in ordering a battell he enuied Seleucus because hee vvas full of prowesse and courage hee abhorred Antigonus because he vvas ambitious hee grudged at Attalus because his power was princ-like Plutarrh Plato enuied Democritus because he made no mention of him in his bookes thinking that he made no account of him It is an old custome to murmure at vertuous deedes Socrates was reproued of Plato Plato of Aristotle Aristotle of Auerrois and Ramus Sicilius of Vulpitius Lelius of Varro Marinus of Ptolomeus Ennius of Homer Seneca of Aul. Gellius Cratonestes of Strabo Thesalleo of Gellian Hermagoras of Cicero Cicero of Salust Origen of Hierome Hierom of Ruffinus Ruffinus of Donatus Donatus of Prosper and Prosper of Lupus Of Wrath. This vice proceedeth from the ouer-much inâ—â—med blood about the heart the which by no â—eanes yeeldeth leasure to vnderstand the cirâ—umstances which reason teacheth THE manner of the Pythagorians was much commended who when they had once vttered their choller would take one â—nother by the hand and louingly embrace before euening The carriage of
sunder to be filed and scraped to be shauen and carued and made handles for swordes and daggers I meruaile hee forgotte to make dice of them Euilmerodat or Balthazar the son of Nâ—â—buchadnezer gaue his fathers dead body 〈◊〉 bee deuoured of Vultures fearing that hâ— would reuiue againe who of an Oxe couâ—â— become a man Tiberius Nero put one to death that â— craftily tempered glasse that it would bend and bough with Iron beeing himselfe one â— his Crafts-mayster saying That gold and siâ—â—uer if such were permitted would be of no estâ—â—mation Dionysius caused Damocles to sitte in 〈◊〉 chaire of estate abounding with all kinde 〈◊〉 delicacies but ouer his head did hang a nâ—â—ked sword thereby to shew the estate where in tyrants stood Plut. Galba assembling together the people 〈◊〉 three Townes in Spaine vnder colour 〈◊〉 treat of somthing for their wealth caused soâ—dainly to be murdered 7000. among whoâ— was the flower of all the youth Valerius Octauius when hee tooke Perowse chooâ—sing out three hundred of those that haâ— yeelded as well of the better sort as of thâ— vulgar slew them in manner of sacrifices before an alter newly erected Diuo Iulio Suâ—tonius Antonius Caracalla offended with them of Alexandria entering the Citty in a peaceable maner and calling out all their youth into a faire field enclosed them with his Souldiers and at a signe giuen killed them euery one vsing the like cruelty against all the rest and cleane depopulated the Citty Herodianus Volesius Messala being Proconsull of Asia slew with the sword in one day 300. and then walking proudly among the courses with his hands cast abroade as though hee had atchiued a worthy enterprize cryed out O kingly deede Seneca Theodosius the Prince a man consecrated to the true God fradulently calling together at Thessalonica 7000. innocent persons as it were to see plays sent in Souldiers amongst them who slew them Eutropius Of Couetousnes The better hap a man hath to attaine to riches the more is he accursed in being more tormented with the feauers of the mind and vnquietnes This vice is held to be the roote of all euill lacking as well those things which it enioyeth as which it wanteth THE Scithians only make no vse of gold and siluer for euer detesting and condemning the monstrous sinne of couetousnes Solinus Caligula was so couetous that there was no kind of lucre or meane to get money by howe vnlawfull so euer it were which hee sought not out insomuch as he layde a trybute vpon vrine and sold his sisters gownes whom he had sent into banishment Valerius Calipha King of Persia hauing filled a Tower with gold Iewels and precious stones and being in warre against Allan king of Tartary was so ill succoured of his owne people because hee would not giue them theyr pay that hee was taken of Allan and famished in that Tower where all his treasure lay Dionysius the elder and aduertised of one that had hid great store of money commaunded him vpon paine of death to bring it to him which he did although not all but with the remainder dwelt in another place and bestowed it vppon inheritance when Dionysius heard therof he sent him that which he took from him saying Now thou knowest how to vse riches take that I had from thee Hermocrates ready to die bequeathed his goods to himselfe One at the houre of his death swallowed many peeces of gold and sewed the rest in his coate commanding that it should be buried with him Atheneus One besieged in the Tower of Cassilina by Haniball chose rather to sell a Rat which he had taken for 200. Romaine pence then to satisfie his hunger whereof he dyed straight after but the other saued his life by that dere meate Valerius The Popes Camera or Eschequer is lyke vnto the Sea whereinto all Riuers doe run and yet it ouerfloweth not P. Martyr The wife of Lot looking backward turned into a pillar of salt sheweth that none in the way of deliberation should desire things past Augustinus The old Clergy being asked why they cannot liue by theyr holines but by couetousnes aunswered Nunc aliud tempus alij pro tempore mores Polychr Demonica betrayed Ephesus to Brennus of Senona for gold who demaunded her reward of him vvho brought her to a great heape of gold and loaded her so heauy therwith that she died vnder the burden Euclio had hidden such treasure vnder the ground that he durst not go out of his house for feare of robbing nor tarry in it for feare of killing Plautus Adrian sirnamed Sophista when a neighbour of his had sent him a few dainty fishes for a present in a siluer dish hee tooke both the siluer dish and the fishes saying to the messenger Thanke thy maister and tell him I take his fishes for nouelties and his siluer dish for a present Simonides wheÌ„ he was requested to do any thing gratis id est for nothing sayd That he had two chests the one shut vp for thanks the other alwayes open for money Plut. Vespasian when hee heard that a siluer Image of great substance should be made for a monument of his worthines he straight held out his hand saying Behold heere is a place ready to set an Image a sure foundation from falling Vespasian of pure misery niggardship and couetousnes commaunded in Rome to be made publique places to receaue vrine not to keepe the Citty more sweete but to the ende they should giue him more rent Suetonius Simonides beeing demaunded vvhy hee hoorded vp money towards the ende of his old age Because quoth he I had rather leaue my goods to mine enemies then to haue neede of the releefe of my friends while I am aliue Virgill in his sixth booke of Aeneiads putteth those persons in hell which haue done no good to their friends kindsfolk neighbours but haue been wholly wedded to their riches without imparting them to others Virgill Ochus King of Persia would neuer goe into the Country of Perseland because that by the law of the Realme hee was bound to giue to euery vvoman that had borne children one French crowne and to euery woman with child two Plato thought it almost impossible for a man very rich to be honest yet Solon as wise as hee desired to haue riches but not to get them by wrong Plut. Anacreon hauing receaued of Polycrates fiue talents for a gift vvas so much troubled for the space of two nights with care how hee might keepe them and how to imploy them best that he carried them backe againe saying That they were not woorth the paines he had already taken for them Socrates being sent for by K. Archelaus to come receaue store of gold sent him word that a measure of flower was sold in Athencâ— for a penny double and that water cost him nothing Lycurgus abrogated the vse of gold siluer coyne and appoynted Iron money to be currant by this meanes hee banished from them the desire