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A06916 A discource of horsmanshippe Wherein the breeding and ryding of horses for seruice, in a breefe manner is more methodically sette downe then hath been heeretofore. With a more easie and direct course for the ignorant, to attaine to the same arte or knowledge. Also the manner to chuse, trayne, ryde and dyet, both hunting-horses, and running-horses: with all the secretes thereto belonging discouered. An arte neuer heeretofore written by any authour. Markham, Gervase, 1568?-1637. 1593 (1593) STC 17346; ESTC S107909 59,189 84

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whereof followeth To a fatte Horse that is ayred before day through the sharpnes of the ayre cold dew and discomfort by want of day or sunne-shine it abateth his flesh and dryeth vp purs●nes it refresheth him if he be dull and causeth courage it getteth him a stomacke it greatly increaseth his wind and addes a great desire vnto him to runne and scope If he bée leane and ayred in the pleasantnes of the morning fayre sunne-shine it prouoketh pleasure and maketh a Horse proude in himselfe by reason whereof his strength which want of flesh decayeth is the sooner recouered For as ayring before day diminisheth flesh so this augmenteth it keepeth him from lothing his meate so that you can hardlie cloy him but hys stomacke will be ready to receiue meate as oft as you offer it him which is the chiefest thing to bée regarded in a running Horse because they will ordinarilie take such loathings to their meate y ● they will refuse what euer you make proffer of and is no way to be remedied but by ayring this kinde of ayring helpeth the Horses winde and giues him desire to endure labor If your Horse be in good state of body neyther too fatte nor too leane then the ayring him after day and before sun-rise shall kéepe him in that state and neither abate nor increase his fatnesse but onely help his wind preserue his stomacke and make him willing to endure his course the better Being ayred and sette vp after his legs haue béen well rubd and chafed vnbridle him and giue him the quantity of a penny wheaten loafe or as your discretion shal rule you for in these quantities your owne witte must be your gouernour of that breade which is last prescribed for your Hunting-horse in the former Chapter which as soone as he hath eaten leaue him swéet Wheat-straw in his rack shut vp your stable windowes and the doore and let him rest till it b● twelue or one of the clocke in the afternoone at which time after you haue put away his doung made your stable cleane vnclothe him and dresse him as is before expressed in the form●r Chapter and then clothe him vp again as he was before hauing due regard that during the tyme he is naked you let him not stand still but be working or dooing somewhat about him for whilst a Horse dooth eyther sturre himselfe or hath his Kéeper labouring about him so long the Horse will neuer take cold When you haue finished your dressing leade him out in your hand to the water and let him drinke his fill Now for that there is great diuersitie in waters as namely some smal some strong some feeding some scowring I wil shew you which water is for which Horse First for the fat horse the smallest water is best as that whose spring issueth from the Rocke and runneth vppon stone or peeble which to the eye is pure and cleere as Christall For the leane Horse the strongest water is good as that which runneth from some dunghill or that which issueth from some common sewer so it be refind and sweetned by his course of running or the Riuer into which is cast much garbidge blood or other ex●raments For the Horse that is in good state of body as neyther too fatte nor too leane a meane betwéene these woulde doe well as the standing pond water which is fedde by a fresh spring or that which issueth from eyther chaulke or lyme stone for that water which I tearme small as indeede it no●risheth little it altogether scowreth and clenseth both the body and raynes it preserueth a Horse from the stone and helpeth paine in the kydneis yet is it to the taste both vnpleasant and vncomfortable Those waters I cal strong are bynding pleasant comfortable and full of nutriment yet béeing taken excessiuely breede many badde ●mors as fluxe of badde blood head-ache dimnesse of sight and great pursinesse Those waters which are a meane betwéene th●se two extremities are the best and most whols●mest there●ore to be had most in vse and y ● other two put as phisicke helps in tim● of neede onely And thus much touching waters particulerly now in generall thus The lesse water your Horse drinketh the better so that nature through too much drought be not inflamed for by drinking you may kil your Horse by want you can neuer hurt him And sith I am thus farre entred into the treatise of water I will in generall shew the discommodities that grew by letting your Horse drinke vnaduisedly First if before you course your Horse you let him drink in his course you shall not onely hazard the breaking of his winde but also assuredly endaunger the incording or bursting him Besides in such a case hee can neyther showe spéede trueth nor any goodnes If after he hath cou●st and is hote you let him drinke you shall eyther founder him in hys bodie which is a mortall disease or els so suddainlie coole his grease that it will clappe to his hart and cloy him so as eyther hee will die instantly or els consume and waste away in short time after which manner of death vnskilfull Horsemen attribute to ●uiltlesse diseases therefore in such a case there is no other remedy but st●ong scowrings comfortable Mashes If after you haue courst your Horse and rested him two or thrée howres you then in the hous● gyue him colde water you shall so force him to qu●u●r and shake that hee will be in daunger of a Feuer or worse infirmitie which shaking if at any time you see your Horse vse immediatly take his backe and trotte him vppe and downe till hee bée warme or els with a good r●dde in the ●able chafe hym till he leaue trembling And thus much for the discommoditie of water Now to returne backe to my purpose after your Horse hath drunke and is sette vp againe his legges beeing well chaft and rubd let him stand half● an howre vpon his brydle which time being expired gyue him the like quantitie of breade as you did in the morning or if you find he eateth his bread with no good appetite you may giue him fiue or sixe handfuls of Oates well dusted and sifted in a fine siue suffering him so to rest till fiue of the clocke in the euening At fiue of the clock come to him put away his doung with your foote and giue him of bread or Oates which you find he hath most minde vnto as you shall perceiue by offering him first a little of the one and then of the other such lyke quantity as is before prescribed vppon which let him rest till it be two or thrée howres within darke night at which tyme brydle him vppe and leade him forth to ayre dooing in all poynts as you did in the morning saue that as in the morning you leade him to the height of a Hyll so in the euening you must leade him vnto the valley neere the edge of some running Ryuer where he may receiue