proudly stands Into the sea from ships the Navall bands Assault the house but Caesar every where Is for defence at hand and weapons here There wild-fire vses Though besiedg'd he be Doth the besiedgers worke such strength had he Of constant spirit wild fire balls he threw Among the joyned ships nor slowly flew The flame on pitchy shrowds and bords that drop With melted waxe at once the saileyards top And lowest hatches burne An halfe burnt boate Here drownes in seas their foes and weapons floate Nor ore the ships alone doe flames prevaile But all the houses neere the shore assaile The South windes feed the flame and driue it on Along the houses with such motion As through the VVelkin fiery meteors run That wanting fuell feed on aire alone This fire a while the courts besiedging stay'd And drew the people to the cityes aide Caesar that time would not in sleepe bestow VVho well could vse occasions and knew how In war to take the greatest benefit Of suddaine chances ships his men by night Surprises Pharos Pharos heretofore An Iland was when prophet Proteus wore That crowne but joyn'd to Alexandria now Two helpes on Caesar doth that fort bestow Commands the sea the foes incursions stay'd And made a passage safe for Caesars aide He now intends no longer to differ Protinus c death though not enough severe Not fire nor beasts nor gibbets reaue his breath Slaine with a sword he dyes great Pompey's death Arsinoe d from court escaped goes By Ganymedes helpe to Caesars foes The â—owne as Lagus daughter to obtaine By whose just sword was sterne Achillas slaine Another to thy ghost is sacrific'd Pompey but fortune is not yet suffic'd Far be it â—ods that these two deaths should be His full revenge the fall of Ptolomey And Aegypts ruine not enough is thought Nor ere can his revenge be fully wrought Till Caesar by the Senates swords be slaine But though the author's dead these broiles remaine For Ganymedes now commander moov'd A second war which full of danger proov'd So great the perill was that day alone Might Caesars name to future times renowne While Caesar striues pent vp so closely there To ship his men from thence a suddaine feare Of war did his entended passage meete Before his face the foes well-rigged fleete Behinde their foote from shore against him fight No way of safety 's left valour nor flight Nor scarse doth hope of noble death remaine No heapes of bodyes no whole armyes slaine Are now requir'd to conquer Caesar there A little blood will serue Whether to feare Or wish for death he knowes not In this same Sad straite he thinkes of noble Scaeva's fame VVho at Dyrrachium when his workes were downe Beseidg'd all Pompey's strength himselfe alone Th' example rais'd his thoughts resolv'd to doe What Scaeva did but straight a scorne to owe His valour to examples checks againe That high resolue great thoughts great thoughts restraine Yet thus at last Scaeva was mine 't was I Nurtur'd that spirit if like him I dy I doe not imitate but Caesars â—eate Rather confirmes that Scaevas act was great In this resolue had Caesar charg'd them all Himselfe alone and so a glorious fall Slaine by a thousand hands at once had met Or else enobled by a death so great Those thousand hands but fortune was afraid To venture Caesar further then her aide Could lend a famous rescue and endeare The danger to him she discovers neare Ships of his owne thither when Caesar makes He findes no safety there but straight forsakes Those ships againe and leapes into the maine The trembling billowes fear'd to entertaine So great a pledge of fortune one to whom Fate ow'd so many victoryes to come And Ioue whilest he on Caesars danger lookes Suspects the truth of th'adamantine bookes Who could haue thought but that the gods aboue Had now begun to favour Rome and loue Her liberty againe and that the fate Of Pompey's sons of Cato and the state ' Gainst Caesars fortune had prevailed now Why doe the powers Caelestiall labour so To be vnjust againe againe take care To saue that life they had expos'd so far That now the danger even in Caesars eye Might cleare their doome of partiality But he must liue vntill his fall may prooue Brutus and Cassius were more iust then Ioue Now all alone on seas doth Caesar floate Himselfe the oares the Pylot and the boate Yet could not all these offices employ One mans whole strength for his left hand on high Raised holds vp his papers and preserues The fame of his past deedes his right hand serues To cut the waues and guard his life alone ' Gainst th' Oceans perills and all darts which throwne From every side doe darken all the sky And make a cloud though heaven it selfe deny Two hundred paces thus alone he swam Till to the body of his feete he came His ore-ioy'd souldiers shouting to the skies Take sure presage of future victoryes FINIS Annotations on the tenth Booke a Cambyses the son of Cyrus and king of Persia added to his monarchy the kingdome of Aegypt he intended a farther war against the Aethiopians which are called Macrobij by reason of the extraordinary length of their naturall liues But by reason of the tediousnesse of the march and want of provision there was in his army a great famine that they killed by lot every tenth souldier and fed vpon them b Achillas comming to assault Caesar had an army of twenty thousand they were many of them Roman souldiers which had served before vnder Gabinius but had changed their manner of life and corrupted with the riot of Aegypt had quite forgotten the Roman discipline c Photinus the Kings tutor remaining with Caesar sent secret encouragements to Achillas to goe forward with his siedge which being discovered by interception of his messengers he was slaine by Caesar d Ganymedes an Eunuch and tutor to Arsinoe the yoâ—ger sister of the King of Aegypt assaulted Achillas by treachery and slâ—w him and being himselfe made Generall of the army he continued the siedge against Caesar FJNJS
to Styx were sent Waâ— like Domitius e death was eminent Whom â—ates had carry'd through all overthrowes Nere without him did Pompey's fortune loose Vanquisht so oft by Caesar yet dyes now With liberty and gladly falls into A thousand wounds proud that he shall no more Be pardon'd now Him weltering in his gore Caesar espy'd with taunts vpbraiding thus Now my successor proud Domitius At length thou shalt forsake thy Pompey's side And war is made without thee He râ—ply'd VVith that last breath which in his dying breast Struggled thou Caesar hast not yet possest The dire reward of all thy wickednesse But yet art doubtfull of thy fate and lesse Then Pompey vnder whom seâ—ure I goe And a free ghost downe to the shades below And dying hope that thou subdu'd to day To â—s and him for thy misdeedes shalt pay VVith this last speech away his spirit flyes And night eternall closes vp his eyes VVe cannot in the worlds sad funerall Particular teares pay to the death of all Nor search each private fate whose breast a wound Receiv'd who spurn'd mens hearts vpon the ground VVho through the mouth receiv'd his mortall wound And thence breath'd out his soule who fell to ground At the first stroke who stood vpright the while His lopt-off limbes fell downe who with a pile VVas fast nail'd to the earth whose blood spun out And sprinkled all his foes arm'd breast about VVho kills his brother and that then he may VVithout shame rifle throwes his head away VVho teares his fathers face that standers by Conjecture by his too much cruelty T was not his father whom he robb'd of life No death is worthy of particular greife Nor haue we time to weepe for every wight No other losse was like Pharsalia's fight Rome there by souldiers heere by kingdomes dyes There private mens heere nations tragoedyes Heere flow'd Assyrian Graecian Ponticke blood But all these bloods the powerfull Roman flood Droue through the field away All people there Are deeplyer wounded then one age can beaâ—e Farre more then life then safety heere is gone For all succeeding times we are orethrowne These swords subdue all ages that shall serue Alas what could posterity deserue To be in thraldome bone fought we with feare Spar'd we our throates the punishment we beare Of others flight To vs that since doe liue Fates should giue war if they a tyrant giue Pompey perceiv'd Romes fate and gods were gone In all this losse not mooved for his owne Ill hap Ascending a small hill to see The slaughters all that cover'd Thessaly Which while the war endur'd could not be spy'd He thence discern'd how many people dy'd How many swords reach at his destiny In how much blood he falls nor wishes he As wretches vse all with himselfe to drowne And mixe the nations ruine with his owne But for survivall of most part of men He deignes to thinke the gods even worthy then Of prayers from him and makes this to be His sorrowes comfort spare ye gods quoth he To sinke all nations Pompey if you lift Although the world remaine and Rome subsist May be made wretched if moe wounds on me You would inflict a wife and sonnes haue I So many pledges haue we given to fate Ist nought for civill war to ruinate Me and my house are we a losse so small VVithout the world why wouldst thou ruine all Fortune now nought is mine With that he rides Through his distressed troopes and on all sides Sounds a retreat from death calling them backe Thinking himseâ—fe not worth so great a wracke Nor lack'd he spirit their weapons to defy VVith throat or breast but fear'd if he should dy No souldier then would fly but there would fall And all the world â—y with their generall Or out of Caesars sight a death he sought In vaine thy head to Caesar must be brought Where ere he please to see 't His wiues deare sight Another reason was that caus'd his flight For in her sight the fates his death decree'd Then Pompey mounted on a gallant steede Fled from the field fearing no swords behind But bearing still a fate-vnconquer'd minde No sighes nor teares he spent with majesty His griefe was mixt such as befitted thee Pompey in Romes calamity to shew With lookes vnchang'd didst thou Aemathia view That minde which wars successe could neere erect To pride wars losses cannot now deject Fortun 's as far below thy wretched fate As she was false to thy triumphant state Securely now from Empires burden free Thou goest and on thy past prosperity Hast time to looke all boundlesse hopes are gone And what thou wert may now be truely knowne Fly this dire battell and to witâ—esse call The gods that none for thy sake Pompey fall That stay behind thee in Thessalia No more then Aegypt Munda Affrica The battels greatest part fought not for thee Nor shall the honour'd name of Pompey be VVars quarrell now the foes that still will be ' Mongst vs are Caesar and Româ—s liberty And t will appeare more plaine after thy flight Thy dying Senate for themselues did fight Let thy flight comfort thee thou shalt not see Those blood-staind troopes nor their impiety The rivers swell'd with blood looke backe and see And pitty Caesar with what heart can be Revisite Rome made happyer by this field VVhat banishment in forreine lands can yeild To thee by thee what ere can be endur'd Vnder th'Aegyptian tyrant rest assur'd The gods and favouring fates as best preferre T were worse for thee to be the conquerer Let all the people waile and weepe no more But dry their teares and let the world adore As well thy ruine as prosperity Looke vpon Kings with a commanding eye Aegypt and Libyas Kings whom thâ—u hast crown'd And cityes builâ— by thee and choose a ground VVhere thou wilt dy Larissa towne beheld First witnesse of thy fall fled from the field Thy noble selfe vnconquer'd by the fates VVhose Citizens all issuing forth the gates To meete thee as if Conquerer they went And gifts from loue and sorrow did present They ope theiâ— temples and their houses all And wish themselues paâ—tâ—kâ—rs of his fall Much of his great name 's left in his owne eye He seemes the least nations would helpe him trâ—â— Once more his fortune and renew the war He cryes be faithfull to the Conquerer What should the conquer'd doe with townes and men Thou Caesar thy countreys bowells then Wert wading through Pharsalia's bloody field Whilest peoples loues to thee he reconcil'd Pompey rides thence the people sigh and cry And raile against each cruell deity The people's favour now is truely proov'd Whilest great thou couldst not know thy selfe belov'd When Caesar saw the field with Roman blood Was overflow'd enough he thought it good His swords from execution to refraine And spare poore liues that would haue dy'd in vaine But left the foes should to their campe in flight Retire and rest should banish terrour quite He straight
honour now the fates to thee Through the whole life gaue long prosperity And the world knowes not vnlesse now they see How Pompey's spirit could beaâ—e adversity Blush not that such base hands thy death afford But thinke who ever strike 't is Caesars sword Though they these limbs all torne and scatter'd leaue Yet am I happy god no god can reaue My happinesse my fortunes and my breath Expire at once nor wretched is my death Cornelia and my son this slaughter see So much more patient let my sorrow be The more Cornelia and my son approoue My dying constancy the more they 'll loue So well could he his dying spirits guide Such strength of minde had Pompey when he dy'd But poore Cornelia that had rather dy Then see that sight with shreekings fills the sky T was wicked I deare Lord that murdred thee For whilst at Lesbos thou turnd'st in to me Caesar had enter'd Aegypts shore for who But he had power that horrid act to doe What ere thou art sent from the gods to kill Pleasing thine owne revenge or Caesars will Thou know'st not wretch where Pompey's bowels be Thou strik'st with fury there where conquer'd he Desires thy stroke now let him suffer more Then his owne death and see my head before I am not guiltlesse from the crime of war The only wife following my Lord so far Fearelesse of campes or seas and conquer'd too I tooke him in which Monarchs durst not doe Did I for this husband deserue to be Left safe aboord false Lord why spar'st thou me Or thought'st thou life thou dying fit for me I le finde a death though not from Ptolomey Oh sailors let me leape downe from the decke Or with these twisted shrowdes to breake my necke Or let some worthy friend of Pompey's now Heere sheath his weapon and for Pompey doe An act that hâ—e'll impute to Caesars hate Why doe you hinder my desired fate Husband thou liv'st Cornelia has not power Yet of her selfe they hinder my deaths houre And there she sounds to be the Conquerours pray The fearefull fleete hoist sailes and post away But when great Pompey fell that sacred face And honour'd visage kept his former grace Though angry with the gods deaths vtmost hate Chang'd not his visage and majesticke state As they confesse that his rent necke did see For sterne Seâ—timius in that cruelty Findes out an act more cruell to vncover His face he cuts the cloth that was cast over Invading halfe-dead Pompey's breathing face His dying necke acrosse the bords he layes Then cuâ—s the nerves and I veines the twisted bones He breakes the art to whip off heads at once VVas not yet found But when the head was torne Off â—rom the trunke 't was by Achillas borne Dâ—generate Roman base Septimius Vs'd in an vnder office couldst thou thus Basely cut off great Pompey's sacred head To be oh shame by another carryed Young Ptolomey to know great Pompey's face Those haires that kings haue honour'd whose curl'd grace Adorn'd his noble front stroakes with his hands Fixt on a pole the head of Pompey standes VVhilst yet his lips with throbbing murmurs shooke His eyes vnclos'd and liuely was his looke That head that still determin'd war and peace That rul'd the Senate lawes and suffrages Romes fortune in that face tooke greatest pride Nor was the wicked tyrant satisfy'd With sight but for memoriall of the fact Dire arts the heads corruption must extract The braine is taken out dry'd is the skin The noisome moisture purged from within Medicines make solid and preserue the face Degenerate issue last of Lagus race Whom thy incestuous sister shall depose VVhen sacred vaults the Macedon enclose When dust of Kings in sumptuous buildings lyes And the ignoble race of Ptolomey's In Pyramids and rich Mausolean graues Vnjustly rest must Pompey by the waues And headlesse trunke against the shore be swept VVas it too great a trouble to haue kept The carcasse whole for Caesar this sad date Did fortune giue to Pompey's prosperous state By such a death as this to pull him downe From such an height heaping all plagues in one Sad day which he so many yeares had bin Free from nor yet had Pompey ever seene Ioy mixt with woe no god his prosperous state Did ere disturbe none helpt his wretched fate But once for all with a differring hand Did fortune pay him torne vpon the sand Salt water playing in his wounds the mocke Of seas he lyes and beat ' gainst every rocke No figure left of him t is note enough To know great Pompey that his head is off But fates ere Caesar on that shore arriue A suddaine funerall to Pompey giue Lest he in none or in a better tombe Should ly To th' shore did fearefull Codrus come Out of his lurking hole that was before Great Pompey's quaestors and from Cyprus shore Had follow'd him he by the shades of night Durst goe true loue had vanquisht terrour quite To find his slaughter'd Lord along the sand And through the waues to bring the trunke to land Faint light through dusky clouds sad Cynthia gaue But different colour'd from the foamy waue The trunke appeard which Codrus catching straight When the waues ebb'd but tired with the weight Expects their flow to helpe him and so bore The trunke to land and plac'd it on the shore Then falling downe bathing the wounds in teares Thus to the gods he speakes and clouded stars Fortune no costly pile with odours fill'd Thy Pompey craues nor that his hearse may yeild Precious Arabian fumes to fill the ayre Nor that the pious Roman neekes should beare Their countreys father forth nor to adorne A funerall pompe old tryumphs should be borne No funerall songs nor that his troopes the while March a dead march about their generalls pyle Great Pompey but a base Plebejan Beere That his torne limbs may carry to dry fire Let him not want wood and a burner though But meane and let it be ô gods enough That with loose haire Cornelia does not stand To take her last embrace and then command To fire the pile from this last funerall rite She is away yet hardly out of sight This said far off a little fire he kenn'd Burne a neglected herse watch'd by no friend Thither he goes and taking thence a part Of fire and halfe-burn'd stickes who ere thou art Neglected ghost deare to no friend quoth he But happier then great Pompey pardon me If any knowledge after death remaines That by a strangers hand thy hearse susteines This wrong I know thou yeild'st and castendure For Pompey's sake this losse of sepulture And art asham'd of funerall rites whilest he Lyes an vnburyed ghost Then speedily With his armes full of fire poore Codrus ran To find the trunke which to the shore againe The waues had beat then off the sand he wipes And gathering vp the ribs of broken ships He layes them in a ditch on no hew'n trees Or well built pyle the
LVCANS PHARSALIA OR THE CIVILL WARRES OF ROME betweene POMPEY the great and IVLIVS CAESAR The whole tenne Bookes Englished by THOMAS MAY Esquire The second Edition corrected and the Annotations inlarged by the Author LONDON Printed by Aug. Mathewes for Thomas Iones and are to be sold at his shop in St. Dunstanes Church-yard 1631. THis dying Figure that rare Lucan showes Whose lofty genius great Apollo chose When Roman liberty opprâ—st should dy To sing her sad and solemne obsequy In stately numbers high as Rome was great And not so much to yeares indebted yet As thou fam'd Maro when thy infant verse The Gnats low funerall did first reherse Thy favourâ—d Muse did finde a different fate Thou gott'st Augustus loue he Nero's hate But t was an act more great and high to moue A Princes envy then a Princes loue Heu Nero crudelis nullaque inuisior umbra Debuit hoc saltem non licuisse tibi Martial LVCAN'S Pharsalia OR THE CIVILL Warres of Rome betweene POMPEY the great and IVLIVS CAESAR The whole ten Bookes Englished by Thomas May. Esquire LONDON Printed for Thomas Iones Anno 1631. TO THE RIGHT Honorable WILLIAM Earle of Devonshire c. MY LORD THe great subiect of this stately Poem together with the worth of the noble Author haue enboldned me to present the Translation how meanely soever I have performed it to your Honourable hand I cannot but presume that the high and rich conceits of Lucan from your deepe iudgement shall finde their proper and due approbation and my defects from your noble candor an easie and gentle censure The matter of this Worke is a true History adorned and heightned with Poetical raptures which doe not adulterate nor corrupt the truth but giue it a more sweet and pleasant relish The History of it is the greatest of Histories the affaires of Rome whose transcendent greatnes will admit no coÌ„parison with other States either before or after it Rome was then at that great height in which S. Augustin wished to haue seen it which after Ages almost with adoration haue admired and do rather coniecture then fully comprehend The blood of her valiant citizens and the conquests and triumphs of so many ages had raised her now to that vnhappy height in which shee could neither retaine her freedom without great troubles nor fall into a Monarchy but most heavy and distastfull In one the greatnesse of private Citizens excluded moderation in the other the vast strength and forces of the Prince gaue him too absolute and vndetermined a power The vices of Rome did at this time not only grow vp to their power but overthrow it Luxury and Pride the wicked daughters of so noble a Mother as the Roman Vertue began to consume that which brought them forth These were the seeds of that faction which rent the State and brought in violently a change of governement The two heads of this great division if wee may terme Pompey the head of a faction not rather the true servant of the publike State were Pompey the great and Julius Caesar men of greater eminence then the former ages had seene any whose prosperous atchiuements in forreine wars had too far enabled them to ruine that state which before they served The Author of it was a noble Roman rich in his minde as his large fortunes of whose happy conceits and high raptures I forbeare to dispute or any way anticipate your Lordships iudgement To whose noble censure I refer both the Author and my poore endeavours and shall ever rest Your Lordships to command THO. MAY. THE LIFE OF MARCVS ANNAEVS LVCANVS MARCVS Annaeus Lucanus was by nation a Spaniard and borne at Cordubu His fathers name was Marcus Annaeus Mela sonne to Lucius Annaeus Seneca the oratour and brother to Iulius Gallio and Lucius Seneca the Philosopher Nero's Tutor The two elder Brothers employed at Rome in state affaires especially Seneca arrived at the height both of dignity and renowne They were both Senatours and by their worthy endeavours deserved not only to bee powerfull in their owne times but famous to all posterity Marcus Mela the youngest brother content with that title which his birth gaue him a Roman knight and preferring the sweetnesse of a countrey life before the glorious trouble of a court employment lived at home at his natiue Corduba hee married Caia Acilia the daughter of Acilius Lucanus the Orator on whom hee begat Marcus Annaeus Lucanus surnamed of his grandfather by the mothers side Annaeus Mela though but a Roman Knight was saith Tacitus a great man and hee begate Lucan no small addition to his greatnesse a great testimony of Lucan's worth from so judicious an author as Cornelius Tacitus He was borne at Corduba the third of the Nones of November in the second Consulship of Caius Caesar Germanicus with Lucius Caesianus When he was eight moneths old his father brought him to Rome to season his infancy so soone as it might bee capable with the choisest education in learning and manners At which time if we may credit fame and as was before reported of Plato Bees swarmed about the childes cradle and pressed in clusters toward his mouth A happy presage as the learned interpreted it of his future wit and admired eloquence His Tutors and Schoolemasters were the most eminent and famous men of those times Rhemnius Palaemon the Grammarian and Flavius Virginius the Rhetorician By whose carefull instructions as by his owne diligence and admirable facility of naturall wit he arrived in a short time to an high perfection as well in the Greeke as Roman language Of all his schoolefellowes hee most vsed the friendship of Salcius Bassus Anlus Persius the Satyrist Hee marryed Polla Argentaria the daughter of Pollius Argentarius a Noble Rich and learned Lady Brought to the Court by his Vncle Seneca he grew suddainly into great favour with Nero the Emperour He was made Quaestor before the vsuall time and admitted into the Colledge of Augurs But what vertue could long be safe in such a Court the jealous tyrant being not able to brooke another mans praises who amongst all his other crueltyes was most severe in depressing the fame of deserving Men. Nero therefore envying the Wit and excellent Poetry of Lucan supprest his works and forbad him any more to recite Verses Which indignity of all other most hard to bee endured as witty Martiall Qui velit ingenio cedere rarus erit Discontenting Lucan drew him into Pisoes conspiracy The conspiracy detected Lucan by Nero was commanded to dy but liberty given him to choose his death Who after a full feast bad the Physitians cut his veines and when hee perceived through losse of blood his hands and feete to waxe cold and the vitall spirits forsaking the outward parts of his body with a minde and looke vndaunted hee recited these Veries of his owne in the third booke of his Pharialia Scinditur auulsus nec sicut vulnere sanguis Emicuit lextus ruptis cadit
Phoebus from Cirrhaes shades I 'll not desire Nor Nysa's Bacchus Caesar can infuse Vertue enough into a Roman muse The cause of these great actions I le declare And ope a mighty worke what drew to warre Our furious People and the World beside Fates envious course continuance still deny'd To mighty States who greatest falls still feare And Rome not able her owne weight to beare So when the knot of Nature is dissolu'de And the worlds Ages in one houre inuolu'd In their old Chaos Seas with Skyes shall ioyne And Starres with Starres confounded loose their shine The Earth no longer shall extend her shore To keepe the Ocean out the Moone no more Follow the Sunne but scorning her old way Crosse him and claime the guidance of the day The falling worlds now iarring frame no peace No league shall hold great things themselues oppresse The gods this bound to groning states haue set But to no Forraine armes would Fortune yet Lend her owne envy ore great Rome that awes Both Land and Sea shee 's her owne ruines cause Subiected ioyntly to three b Lords how ill Prooue shared rules accords and fatall still Ambition blinded Lords what 's th' happinesse To mixe your powers and ioyntly th' earth possesse Whilest Land the Sea and Ayre the Land shall bound Whilest labouring Titan runnes his glorious round And through twelue heavenly signes night follows day No faith keepe those that kingdomes ioyntly sway Rule brookes no sharers doe not this beleeue In forraine states Rome can examples giue A brothers bloud did our first walls distaine Nor was the spacious earth and watry maine This mischiefes price a refuge for theeues fled A little house this brothers hatred bred This iarring concord lasted for a space Dissembled twixt the two for Crassus was The warres sole let like that small necke of land That in the middst of two great Seas doos stand And will not let them ioyne that tane away Straight the Ioniâ—n meets th' Aegaean Sea So when war parting Crassâ—â— sadly slaine With Romane bloud did Asian Charan staine That Parthian losse to homebred rage gaue reines More then you thinke you did fierce Parthians That day our civill war your conquest wrought And now Romes Empire by the sword is sought That State that mistresse ore the World did reigne Rulde Land and Sea yet could not two conteine For Iulia's t deâ—th whom cruell Fates before Had slaine the pledge of their alliance bore Downe to her graue if Fate had spar'de her life Her furious husband and sterne fathers strife She had compos'de and made their armed hands Let fall their swords and ioyne in friendships bands As once the Sabin women enterposde Their sires and husbands bloody iarres composde Thy death faire Iulia breakes off all accords And giues them leaue againe to draw their swords On both sides powerfull aemusation beares On their ambitious spirits great Pompey feares That his piâ—aticke Laurell should giue place To conquerde France and Caesars deeds deface His ancient triumphs fortunes constant grace Makes him impatient of a second place Nor now can Caesar a superior brooke Nor Pompey brooke a peere who justlier tooke Vp armes great Iudges differ heaven approoues The conquering cause the conquerde Cato loues Nor were they aequall one in yeares was growne And long accustomde to a peacefull gowne Had now forgot the Souldier Fame he bought By bounty to the people and much sought For popular praise his Theaters loud shout Was his delight new strength he sought not out Relying on his ancient fortunes fame And stood the shadow of a glorious name As an old lofty Oake that heeretofore Great Conquerors spoiles and sacred Trophies bore Stands firme by his owne weight his roote now dead And through the ayre his naked boughes does spread And with his trunke not leaues a shaddow makes He though each blast of Easterne winde him shakes And round about well rooted Trees doe grow Is onely honour'd but in Ceasar now Remaines not onely a great Generalls name But restlesse valour and in waâ—re a shame Not to be Conquerâ—ur fierce not curb'd at all Ready to fight where hope or anger call His forward Sword confident of successe And hold the fauour of the gods to presse Orethrowing all that his ambition stay And loues that ruine should enforce his way As lightning by the winde fâ—rc'd from a cloude Breakes through the wounded aire with thunder loud Disturbes the Dâ—y the people terrifyes And by a light oblique dazels our eyes Not Ioues owne Temple spares it when no force No barre an hinder his prevailing course Great waâ—e as foâ—rth it fallyes and roures It makes and gathers his dispersed fires These causes mâ—ou'd the Cheâ—fes and such as are In mightâ— stâ—tes the common seeds of warre For since our Câ—ests the conquer'd world hath fill'd Too full and vertue did to riches yeild Since spoiles and warrelike rapine taught vs riot Excesse in Plate in buildings reignes he dyeâ— Of formertimes wee scoâ—n that soft attire That Women were asham'd of Men desire Strength-breeding pouerty is fled and nought But wealth from all the spoiled world is sought The banc of States those Lands encreas'd they hold In th' hands of vnknowne Tenants which of old Caemillus plow share wounded and the hands Of th' ancient Curii till'd the state now stands Not as of old when men from auarice free Could liue in peace and wisht but liberty Hence quarrels grow what pouerty esteemed A vild offence now 's greatest honour deem'd By Sword our Countreys power in curbe to hold Might measures â—ight Lawes and decrees are sold Consuls and Tribunes iarres all right suppresse Fasces are bought the peoples suffrages Corruptly sought and giuen hence bloody iarres Oft staine elections in the field of Maâ—s So griping Vsury growes so faith is lâ—st And ciuill warre as gainefull sought by most By this time Caesar the cold Alpes orepast In his great thoughts the future warre had cast And now to Rubicon's small current come He dreames the Image of affrighted Rome With countenance sad through dusky night appearesâ— On her towre-bearing head her hoary haires Hung downe all torne her armes were nak'd when she Tâ—us sighing speakes oh whither carry yee My Ensignes Souldiers If you come as friends As Roman Citizens your march here ends k A suddaine feare straight chilles the generall veines His haire 's with horrour rais'd faintnesse detaines His steps vpon the banke then thus he praâ—â—s Thou Ioue whose eye these Citie walles surueyes From thy Tarpeian hill You Deiâ—ies Of Troy and Romulus hid misteries Thou Latian Ioue worshipt on th' Alban mount You Vestall fires and Rome whom I account My greatest God blesse this attempt not thee Doe I inuade Conquerour by land and sea Thy Caesar comes thy Souldier still Be hee He in the fault that caus'd this enmity Then brooking no delay the streame showre-swell'd He marches ore so in a â—ibyan field A Lion viewing his sterne foe at hand Till he collect his
vntoucht of old was growing there Of thicke set trees whose bougâ—s spreading and faire Meetâ—ng obscured the enclosed aire And made darke shades exilâ—ng Phoebus rayes There no rude Fawne nor wanton Silvan playes No Nimph disports but cruell Deityes Claime barbarous â—ites and bloody sacrifice Each tree's defil'd with humane blood if we Beleeue traditions of antiquitie No bird dates light vpon those hallowed bowes No beasts make there their dens no wind there blowes No lightning falls a sad religious awe The quiet trees vnstirr'd by winde doe draw Blacke water currents from darke fountaines flow The gods vnpolisht images doe know No arte but plaine and formelesse trunks they are Their mosse and mouldinesse procures a feare The common figures of knowne Deities Are not so fear'd not knowing what God t is Makes him more awfull by relation The shaken earths darke cavernes oft did grone Fall'n Yew trees often of themselues would rise With seeming fire oft flam'd th'vnburned trees And winding dragons the cold oakes embrace None giue neere worship to that balefull place The people leaue it to the gods alone When black night reignes or Phoebus guilds the noone The Priest himselfe trembles afraid to spie Oâ— find this woods tutelar Deity This wood he bids them fell not standing far From off their worke vntoucht in former war Among the other bared hills it stands Of a thicke growth the souldiers valiant hands Trembled to strike moov'd with the majestie And thinke the axe from off the sacred tree Rebounding backe would their owne bodies wound Tn ' amzement of his men when Caesar found In his bold hand himselfe an hatchet tooke And first of all assaults a loâ—ty oake And having wounded the religious tree Let no man feare to fell this wood quoth he The guilt of this offence let Caesar beare The souldiers all obey not voide of feare But ballancing the gods and Caesars frowne The knotty Holmes the tall wild Ashes downe Ioues sacred Oake ship-building Alder falles And Cypresse worne at great mâ—ns funeralls Then first cut downe admit the sight of day The falling trees so thicke each other stay The Gaules lament to see the wood destroy'd But the besieged townesmen all orejoy'd Hope that the wronged gods will vengeance take But gods oft spare the guiltiest men and make Poore wretches onely feele their vengefull hand When wood enough was fell'd waines they command From every part plowmen their seasons lose Whilst in this worke souldiers their teames dispose But weary in this g lingring war to stay Before the walles Caesar goes far away To meet his troopes in Spaine his army stayes Before the towne there lofty forts they raise And bulwarkâ—s equalling the height o' th towne Which had in earth no fixt foundation But rowled to and fro the cause vnknone The townesmen viewing this strange motion Thought it some earthquake where the strugling wind From the earths cavernes could no passage find But much they wonder their owne walls stand fast From thence against the towne their Piles they cast But the Greeks missill weapons did more harme To Caesars men sent from no feeble arme But mighty engines with a whirlewinds might These not content one breast alone to split Through many bodies bones and armours cleaue Not loosing in one wound their strength and leaue Behind them many deaths but when they throw Great massie stones the mortall force is so As from a mountaines top a falling rocke Which the winds force and ruining time has broke Not only killes what man so ere it dash But every limme dooes into pieces pash But when with fence of shields conjoyned all The sheltred souldiers could approach the wall Their heads all cover'd like a fishes shell Those darts and stones flue over them which fell With danger on their heads before but now The Greekes at such small distance could nâ—t throw Nor th'engine change content with weight alone On their foes heads they roule downe heavy stone But while the fence did last hurtlesse did all Their stones and darts like haile on houses fall Vntill the townesmens teased valour broke When Caesar's mâ—n were tir'd with often strokes The fence and did their ioyned shields divide Then did a thin earth cover'd worke proceede Vnder whose covert those that lay did fall To worke in vndermining of the wall Sometimes the back forc'd ramme did strongly driue Forward the well compacted wall to riue But from aboue with fires with often stroakes Of broken bars stakes and fire harden'd oakes They force the fence the worke broke downe vaine The souldiers tir'd fly to their campe againe The Greekes then sally foâ—th not satisfi'd That their walles safely stand and fire workes hide h Vnder their armes no mortall bow nor speare Armes the bold youth but flaming fire they beare Which with swift wings into the Romane trench The strong windes carry nought has power to quench Or slacken it the wood though greene dissolues And in blacke clouds of smoke the aire involues But fire all pieces of the buildings take Not onely wood but stones and rockes doe cracke And moulder into ashes greater now The failing bulwarkes in their ruines show The conquer'd now loosing all hope by land Resolue the hazard of sea-fight to stand Their ships fâ—re-decke no gilded names adorne But timber plaine such as the woods had borne Growing make stations firme for Navall fight Now downe the streame of Rodanus the fleet From Staechas comes to sea and there attends Brâ—tus Praetorian ship Massilia sends Her vtmost strength to triall of the war Old men and beardlesse boyes all armed are The fleet then ready on the Ocean Was rigg'd and â—ld woâ—ne ships repair'd againe Now when the sky is cleare and his bright rayes On the calme sea the rising Sunne displayes The North and Southerne windes their fury spare And leaue the calmâ—d Ocean fit for war Both nations rowing from their stations meete Here the Caesarian there the Graecian fleete With oft and lusty strokes of Rowers from The havens trembling the great Gallies come The hoâ—es of Caesar's fleete Gallies that bore Three Oares aside and some that went with foure Or more did maâ—e themselues opposing so In front behinde them smaller vessels goe Liburnian Gallies with two Oares content Conâ—oyn'd in foâ—me of aâ— halfe Moone they went Brutus Praetorian galley swe rt the sea Like a vaste house then th' rest more high was she And row'd with sixe strong Oares on a side But when 〈◊〉 little sea-roome did divide Both fleetes as that one stroak would make them meet Numberlesse voyces the vaste ayre did greeâ— Plowing the Seas Souldiers loud shouts quite drown'd The noise of rowing and shrill trumpets sound Then sweepe they the blew waues the rowers seat TheÌ„selues ' gainst their breasts strong stroaks they fâ—t Ships against ships beakes meeting beakes resound And run â—sterne the ayre is darkned round With flying darts which faâ—ling th' Ocean hide Then turning their forecastles far more wide They make their
death that vvas most neare Among a thousand deaths they most did feare Nor did their shipwrackt valouridly liue Darts floating on the waues they take and giue Their fellowes in the ship or on the seas Themselues those darts though feebly exercise When vveapons vvant the seas their vveapons be Foes grasping foes together gladly die But in that fight one Phocian did excell To search the seas he vnder vvater vvell Could keepe his breath diue to the lowest sands And loosen fastned anchors with his hands He grapling vvith a foe downe in the maine Had sunke and drown'd him and himselfe againe Safe and a conquerour rose but rising found Ships in his vvay and so at last was drown'd Some with their armes on their foes oares lay hold To stay their flight deare as they could they sold Their liues some vvounded to keepe off the blowes From their friends ships their bodies enterpose Tyrrhenus standing on the decke aloft â—â—gdamus vvith a Balearicke shaft VVounded the ponderous lead his temples broke His falling eyes their hollow feate forsooke The opticke nerues and ligaments were broke He now starke blind amazed at the stroake Thinks this to be deaths darknesse finding than That all his limmes their perfect strength retaine Fellowes quoth he place me vvhere I may throw A pile and plant me as you vse to doe Engines of vvar this little life that now Remaines Tyrrenus on all hazzards throw This body though in part already dead VVill serue for vvarlike vses and instead Of men aliue take vvounds Thus hauing spoke In his blind aymelesse hand a Pile he shooke And threw it not in vaine vvhich as it light Below his belly noble Argus hit VVhose vveight now falling made it further glide Argus vnhappy Sire on t'other side The beaten ship then stood to none vvould he VVhen he vvas young in feates of souldiery Giue place his strength is now by age decay'de And he no Souldier but a patterne made He seeing his sonne fall vvith trembling step Stumbling along came to that side the ship And finding there the body panting yet No teares fell from his cheekes nor did he beat His vvofull breast His hands now stiffe vvere growne And all his joynts cold numnesse seizes on A suddaine darkenesse closes vp his eyes That he discernes not Argus vvhom he sees Argus his dying head began to reare And feebâ—e necke seeing his Father there Speachlesse yet seem'd in silence to demand A kisse and to invite his Fathers hand To close his dying eyes but the old man Free from amaze vvhen bloody griefe began To recollect his strength I vvill not loose That time quoth he that angry fâ—te bestowes Pardon thy wretched father that from thee Argus and from thy last embrace I flee Thy wounds warme bloud yet signes of life do giue Th' art but halfe dead and yet a whilâ— maist liue I le goe before thee Sonne these words exprest And with a bloudy sword piercing his brest He leapt into the sea hasting to death Before his dearest Sonne his flitting breath Vnto one single kind of destiny He durst not trust Now great commanders dye And now no longer doubtfull is the fight Some of the Greekes are sunke by hasty flight Some get into the haven others beare Changing their loade the Roman Conquerer But now sad Parents mournings fill the towne The shore with mothers lamentation Did ring instead of her deare husbands face A weeping wife mistaken did embrace A Roman Fathers funerall rites to giue About their Sonnes deformed bodies striue But Brutus Conquerer on the Ocean To Caesar's side first navall honour wan FINIS Libri tertii Annotations on the third Booke a The vsuall time of mourning among the Romans for the losse of Husband or wife was ten moneths within which space of time it was accounted infamous to marry and therefore Cornelia daughter to Lucius Scipio and Widow of Pub. Crassus who was married to Pompey the great within that time it here stiled by Iulia strumpet b Caesar although it much concerned him to pursue Pompey and overtake him before his strength were too much encreased by forreine aide yet partly for want of ships and partly fearing lest in his absence there might happen some new commotion in Italy and withall fearing the Pompeian army that was then in Spaine vnder the conduct of Afranius and Peticius he resolved first to goe and settle things at Rome and afterwards to goe fight against those armies in Spaine c Valerius was sent into Sardinia to fetch Corne and Curio into Sicily as Propraetor with three legions those countreys were two the greatest Granaries of the Romane Empire d Caesar assembled the Senators into Apolloes temple and there with curteous language excused himselfe concerning this war as a thing vndertaken only to preserue his owne dignity against the envy and iniury of a few he entreateth them to take care of the common-wealth and ioyne with him in it likewise to send Embassadors to Pompey and the Consuls concerning peace e The Tribunitiall power was held so sacred that whosoever did offer any violence vnto it they thought the gods would take revenge and conceived the reason of that great and miserable overthrow which Marcus Crassus received in Parthia to be because Atâ—ejus the Tribune had cursed him as he went away f Caesar passing through the further Gallia and vnderstanding that Domitius whom he had lately taken prisoner at Coâ—finium and released againe was come into Massylia a city that favoured Pompey's faction he called out some of the chiefe of the city and admonished them not too much to obey one man and so draw a warre vpon themselues thâ—y shut the gates against Caesar but requested him gently to passe by them hoping by that meanes to haue kept themselues in safety and to haue remained as neuters in the war but that drew this heavy seidge vpon them Vnhappy Massilia saith Florus which desiring too much to preserue her peace for feare of war fell into a war g Caesar had sent Caius Fabius his Lieutenant with three legions into Spaine to dislodge Afranius a Lieutenant of Pompey's in the Pyrenaean straights and now himselfe leaving Caius Trebonius to besiedge Massilia by land and Decius Brutus to besiedge it by Sea goes with nine hundred horsemen into Spayne to Fabius his campe h The story in the place concerning the firing of these workes which Caesars souldiers had raised and the actions of the Massyâ—ians is not rightly related by Lucan but differs much from the relation of true histories LVCANS Pharsasia The Fourth Booke The Argument Caesar in Spaine neere high â—erdaes walls Eâ—campes ' gainst two Pompeyan generalls By suddaine floods his campe endanger'd iâ— Caesar divides the streame of Sicoris Oretakes Petrejus flight who bloodily Breakes off his Souldiers new-made amity But by extremity of thirst compell'd Afranius and himselfe to Caesar yeild Famish'â— Antonius yeilds t' his enemy Vulteius and his valiant cohort dye By their owne swords Curio on Libyaâ— sandâ—
their strength they strike in this did stand Their piety alone that at one blow They would dispatch them on the hatches now Halfe dead they draw their bowells and much blood Stream'd downe into the sea it did them good To see the scorned day death to preferre And with proud lookes despise the conquerer Now on the ship the heapes of bodyes shew'd The slaughter made on which the foes bestow'd Fit funeralls admiring much to see To any Captaine such fidelity Fame flying through the world did never raise Any one ship with such resounding praise Yet will not coward nations since such braue Examples learne to know that death to saue Their liberty is not a price so deare But kingdomes arm'd with power of sword they seareâ— Liberty can vse armes and swords should be As men should know to keepe their liberty Oh would the fates would let the fearefull liue That valour only death to men might giue Nor was that war that did in Libya grow Lesse terrible then this bold g Curio By a milde Northren winde was wasted ore From Lilybaeum to that well knowne shore VVhere Clupea seated is and where he sees Great Carthages halfe ruin'd aedifice And pitching his first tents far from the maine VVhere Bagrada furrowes the sandy plaine Those hills and eaten rockes goes to behold VVhich were Aâ—taeus kingdome call'd of old Asking the cause of this old name a clowne Thus tells the tale by long Tradition knowne For Giants births Earth yet not barren made In Libian caues a feared issue had Which to his mother brought as true a fame As Typhon Tityus and Briareus name 'T was good for heaven Antaeus was not borne At Phlegra but this guift did more adorne His mighty strength into his limmes though tir'd His mothers touch a vigour fresh inspir'd This caue his dwelling was this mountaine here He lurckt about his foode slaine lions were His bed no leaues of trees no skin of beasts His strength by sleeping on the ground encreast By him th' inhabitants of Libya dy'd And strangers all that to our coast apply'd His strength not vsing a long time to fall Needed not earths rich gift too strong for all He was though standing vp at length through fame Of this dire plague the great Alcides came Whose hand both sea and land from monsters free'd And for th' encounter each put off his weede One's Nemean tother 's Libyan Lions skin Hercules oiles his limmes ere he begin According to th' Olimpicke rites but he Rubb'd ore his limmes with sand it could not be Enough to touch his mother with his feete They grapple then and armes armes folded meete Striving each others necke with heavy hand To bend yet both fixt and vnbended stand Both wonder much to meete their match at length But Hercules vs'd not his vtmost strength At the first bout but weary'd out his foe Which his oft blowing and cold sweates did show His shaking necke nor breast could firmely stand His bending hammes yeild to Alcides hand Alcides then about his short ribbes cast His conquering armes and grip'd his yeilding wast Then tripping vp his leggs he fairely â—ayes His foe stretch'd out vpon the sand earth stayes His sweat and fills with fresh blood every vaine His armes grow brawny his joynes stâ—ffe againe And his fresh limmes vnclaspe the others hands Amaz'd at this new strength Alcides stands Nor fear'd he Hydra so in Lerna lakes Fruitfull by losse of her reviving snakes Though then but yong Now both were aequall growne One in earths strength the other in his owne Nere had sterne Iuno more encouragement To hope she sees his limmes with sweating spent And his necke dry'd as when he did sustaine The heavens but when he clasp'd his foe againe Antaeus staying not till he be throwne Falls of himselfe and rises stronger growne His mother earth to his tir'd members giues What spirit she has and labours when he striues But when Alcides found â—arths touch to be Strengthning to him now thou shalt stand quoth he No more thou falâ—'st nor will we trust againe The ground this breast shall thy crusht limbes susteâ—ne Hither Antaeus shalt thou fall this spoke Him striving to fall downe aloft he tooke And grasp'd his middle fast earth could not lend Strength to her dying sonne nor succour send But till his foâ—s breast starke and cold he found Alcides durst not trust him on the ground From hence selfe-lov'd antiquity and fame Old times recorder gaue this place a name But to these hills a nobler name gaue he That drew the Punicke foe from Italy Scipio arriving on our Libya heere Pitch'd his first campe the ruines yet appeare Of that old trench this place of all the rest Was first by Roman victory possest Curio as if the place were fortunate And still retain'd those former Captaines fate In war rejoyc'd and in this lucky place Pitch'd his vnlucky tents which did deface The places Omen and provok'd sterne foes With strength vnaequall Affricke all that owes Obedience to the Roman Eagles then VVas vnder Varus who though strong in men Of Italy aide from the Libyan King Requires to whom the worlds far regions bring Their force with Iuba no one King alone VVas master of such large dominion In length th'extent of his great Kingdomes ground Gades-neighbouring Atlas and Ioues Ammon bound Neere Thera but in breadth the torrid zone Betwixt the sea and it it coasts vpon So many people to his army presse Th' Autolodes and wandring Nomades Getulians hors'd without caparison The Mauritanians of complexion Like Indians poore Nasamonians Scorcht Garamantes swift Marmaricans Massylians that without saddles ride And with a wand their bitlesse horses guide Mazacian darts that Median shafts excell Those that in empty cottages doe dwell Affrican hunters that all darts refuse And their loose coates ' gainst angry Lyons vse Nor did the cause of civill war alone But private anger bring King Iuba on Curio that yeere wherein he did defile Divine and human lawes striv'd to exile By tribunitiall law from Libyas throne This King and barre him his forefathers crowne VVhâ—lest he would make thee Rome a monarchy He mindfull of the wrong thinkes this to be The greatest guift his scepter could bestow This Iuba's fame affrighted Curio Besides no Souldiers firme to Caesar's side Were in his army none that had beene try'd In Germany but at Confinium tane False to new Lords did to their first remaine Doubtfull and thought both sides indifferent were But when he saw all slacke through slavish feare That the night-guards their trenches did forsake With a distracted spirit thus he spake Daring conceales great feareâ— I le first assay The fight and put my Souldiers in array While tâ—ey are mine doubt growes from rest alone Fight shall prevent their consultation When swords whet their dire wills and helmets hide Their blushes who can then compare the side Or weigh the cause they favour as they stand As no old hate does on the stage command
Sword-players to meete they hate by faction This said in open field he leades them on Whom the warres fortune meaning to deceiue After at first does prosperously receiue For Varus he defeated following on Their flying backes in execution Even to the campe When Iuba first did know Of this sad field and Varus overthrow Glad that the glory of the war did stay For him by stealth he leade his troupes away And without noise commanding silence goes Fearing he should be feared of his foes Sabura next in honour to the King With a small troope is sent before to bring Curio on by provocation As if the war were left to him alone Himselfe with all his kingdomes strength below Keepes in the valley The Ichneumon so Provoking by his tailes deceitfull shade Th' Aegyptian Aspe dooes at the last invade Free'd from the deadly venoms danger quite The sâ—rpents throate stretch'd out in vaine to meete A slying shade out the lost poison goes And all about the Aspes jawes vainely flowes Fortune assists this fraud fierce Curio Descrying not the strength of his hid foe Enâ—oines his horsemen all to issue out By night and range the vnknowne fields about And after them himselfe by breake of day With all his Eagles spread marches away Much but in vaine entreated to suspect Libyan deceite and fraudes that still infect The Punicke warres but to his funerall Fate gaue him vp and civill war did call Her author on ore rockes and mountaines high They march when on the hill from farre they spy The foe who cunning seemes to flye away Till he haue set his battells in array Vnder the hill this Curio did not know But thought it flight and like a conquerour now Brings forth his troopes into the open plaine Then first discover'd they this guilefull trainâ— The seeming-fled Numidians they espy'd On the hills tops enclosing every side Curio and his lost troopes astonisht quite The fearefull could not flye the valiant fight The horses now not feirce attrumpets sound Chaw not their foamng bitts beate not the ground Spread not their manes nor doe their eares advance Nor with their wonted spright curyet and prance Their sweating shoulders fum'd their tir'd necks hung And their dry'd mouth thrust out their weary tongue Their breasts and throates hoarse with oft blowing grew Their heavy pulse far their spent bowels drew The fomings dry and hote grew hard vpon The bloody bits no strokes could force them on Nor often spurrings make them mend their speed Wounds make them goe to hasten on the steed Bootes not the rider for the weary horse In comming on wants courage strength and force He onely brings his Rider to the foes And does his breast to all their speares expose But when the Lybian horse came coursing nigh The ground did shake and clouds of dust did flie As great as Thracian whirlewinds blow about Ore the skies cover'd face and darkenesse wrought But when warres miserable fate did fall Vpon the foot no doubtfull field at all Was fought the battell in that time was done That men could die for forth they could not run To make their flight enclos'd on every side From far by darts directly throwne they dy'd Obliquely neere not wounds alone they feele Orewhelm'd with stormes of darts weight of steele Pent vp in a straight roome the army 's kept Those that for feare neer'st to the middle crept Amongst their fellowes swords are not secure For the forefront not able to endure The foes assault slept backe and straighter made The Globe no roome to weild their armes they had Their crowded limmes are prest one armed breast Against another driven to death is prest The conquering Mauritanian could not haue So glad a spectacle as fortune gaue He saw no bodies fall no streames of blood Kept so by crowde vpright the bodies stood Let Fortune this new parentation make For hated Carthages dire spirits sake Let bloody Hanniball and Punicke ghosts Of this sad Roman expiation boast Let not in Lybia gods a Roman fall For Pompey or the Senate make at all Vs rather for her selfe let Affrica Conquer his men ore'throwne when Curio saw And the dust lay'd with blood gaue leaue to see Scorning t'out-liue such a calamity Or hope in flight he meete his death to dye Forward and valiant by necessity What now availes thy place and troubled barres From whence a Tribune to seditious wars Thou stirr'dst the people and the Senates right Betray'dst and could'st to civill war encite The sonne and father in law thy death is wrought Before these Lords haue in Pharsalia fought To see that field is not permitted thee This satisfaction in your bloods giue ye Great ones to wretched Rome and pay for war Oh happy Rome and Romans happyer far Would but the gods aboue as carefull be To keepe as to revenge our liberty Vnburied Curio's noble flesh is food For Libyan birds but since t' will doe no good To conceale that which from times injury Fame still will vindicate wee 'll giue to thee The praise that to thy life dooes appertaine Rome never nurtur'd a more able man Nor one to whom whilest good the lawes ow'd more But vice then hurt our city when the store Of wealth Ambition Riot had declin'd To the worst part his yet vnsetled minde And changed Curio the states fate controul'd Brib'd by the spoiles of France and Caesars gold Though potent Sylla and fierce Marius Cinna and Caesars line got rule ore vs By sword to whom did such power ever fall This man sold Rome the other bought it all FINIS Libri quarts Annotations on the fourth Booke a For this conquest much avayled Caesar having quieted Spaine he might securely prosecute the rest of the war having debarr'd Pompey of those legions on which he most relyed this conquest cost little blood for Afranius and Petreius forced by famine yeilded to Caesar b Afranius and Petreius with aequall power with mutuall loue and care governed fiue legions for Pompey in Spaine and chose Ilerda by the appointment of Pompey as a convenient seate for the war c The Celtae leaving France and passing the Pyrenâ—an mountaines seated themselues by the river Iberus and were called Celtâ—beri d Cinga falling into Iber looses his name to Iber which also giues name to all Spaine e Afranius and Petreius when Caesar's horsemen had stopped their wayes of forraging and fetching in Corne and withall frighted because many cities in that part had revolted to Caesar and the rest were like to follow their example resâ—lved to transserre the war into Celtiberia which remained yet in the friendship of Pompey at having received great benefits from him in the Sertorian war besides they supposed that the fame of Caesar was yet more obscure among those barbarous people therefore at the third watch they secretly dislâ—dged and passing over the river Sicoris they marched with speede toward Iberus When Caesar by his scouts vnderstood this and hearing that beyond there were mountainous strait and
should yon feare cowards whilest I am by To see those fiends that shake at sight of me Then with warme blood opening fresh wounds she fills His breast and gore to th' inward parts distills Of the Moones poisonous gelly store she takes And all the hurtfull broodes that nature makes Foame of mad dogs which sight of water dread The pyth of staggs with serpents nourished Was mixed there the dire Hyaena's knot The spotted Lynx his bowells wanted not Nor that small fish whose strength though Eurus rise Can stay the course of ships the Dragons eyes The sounding stone that brooding Eagles make Warme in their nests th' Arabian nimble snake The red sea-viper pretious gemms that kept Skins from th' aliue Libyan Cerastes stript The Phoenix ashes lay'd in Araby With these when vile and namelesse poisons she Had mixt and leaues fill'd with enchantments strong And herbes which her dire mouth had spit on young What poyson she did on the world bestow Then adds a voyce to charme the gods below More powerfull then all herbes confounding noises Much dissonant and far from humane voices There was the barke of dogs the wolues sad howle The scriches waâ—ling hollowing of the Owle All voices of wilde beasts hissing of snakes The sound that beat from rockes the water makeâ— The murmur of stirr'd woods the thunders noise Broke from a cloud all â—â—is was in her voice The rest Aemonian incantations tell And thus her voice peirces the lowest hell Furyes and Stygian fiends whose scourges wound All guilty soules Chaos that wouldst confound Vn-number'd worlds king of the earth beneath That griev'st to see the gods exempt from death Thou Styx and faire Elysium which no spirit To a Thessalian witch deserues t'enherit Thou that thy mother hat'st Persephone And heaven thou lowest part of Hecate By whom the silent tongues of fienes with vs Haue entercourse hells porter Cerberus That currishnesse into our breasts doest put You destinyes that twice this thread must cut And thou the burning streames old ferriman Tired with ghosts brought backe to me againe If I invoke you with a mouth prophane And foule enough to heare these prayers daine If with a breath fasting from humane flesh These incantations I did nere expresse If womens wombes whole burdens vpon you And luke-warme braines I often did bestow If one your altâ—rs heads of infants slaine I set and bowells that must liue againe Obey my voice no ghost that long has felt The Stygian shades nor long in darkenesse dwelt But one that lately from the living went And is but yet at pale hells first descent And one which though obedient to this spell Could be but once transported ore to hell I aske let some knowne souldiers ghost relate Before great Pompey's sonne his fathers fate If civill war of you haue merited Then lifting vp her foaming mouth and head She saw hard by the ghost of that dead man Trembling to enter his old goale againe Fearing those cold pale members and into Thâ—â—â—ounded breast and entrailes torne to go Ah wretch from whom deaths gift is tane away To dye no more that fates durst thus delay Ericttho wonder'd wrath with death and fate The liueles coarse with living snakes she beateâ— And through earths craneys which her charmes had broke Bark'd to the fiends and thus hells silence shooke Maegera and Tisiphone that slight My voice through hell with your dire whips affright Hither that wretched spirit or from below By your true names of Stygian bitches you I will call vp and to the Sunnes light leaue No dead mens graues shall harbour or receiue Your heads I le follow you observing well And from all tombes and quiet vrnes expell False Hecate thee to the gods I le show To whom thou vsest with bright lookes to goe In thy pale rotten forme and so provide Thou shalt not thy Tartarian visage hide Vnder the earths vast weight I will relate VVhat food destaines thee in what wedlockes state Thou lou'st the nights sad king with such a staine That Ceres shall not wish thee backe againe ' Gainst thee the worlds worst judge I will set free The giants or let to the day to thee VVill you obey or shall I him invoke VVhose name the earths foundations ever shooke VVho without hurt th'vnvailed Gorgon sees Of whose strong stripes Erinnys fearefull is VVho keepes an hell vnknowne to you and where You are aboue that dare by Styx forsweare Then straight the clotted blood grows warme againe Feedes the blacke wounds and runnes through every veine And th' outward parts the vitall pulses beate In his cold breast and life 's restored heate Mixt with cold death through parts disused runns And to each joynt giues trembling motions The sinnews stretch the carkasse from the ground Rises not by degrees but at one bound Stands bolt vpright the eyes with twincking hard Are op'd not dead nor yet aliue appear'd The face his palenesse still and stiffenesse stayes He stands at this revivall in amaze But his dumbe seal'd-vp lips no murmur made Only an answering tongue and voice he had Speake quoth Ericttho what I aske and well Shalt thou rewarded be if truth thou tell By our Haemonian art I le set thee free Throughout all ages and bestow on thee Such funeralls with charmes so burne thy bones Thy ghost shall heare no incantations Let this the fruit of thy revivall be No spells no herbs shall dare to take from thee Thy long safe rest when I haue made thee dy The gods and Prophets answere doubtfully But he that dares enquire of ghosts beneath And boldly goe to th' oracles of death Is plainly told the truth spare not but name Plainely the things and places all and frame A speech wherein I may conferre with fate Adding a charme to make him know the state Of whatsoere she askt thus presently The weeping carcasse spake I did not see The sisters fatall threds so soone alas Backe from those silent bankes enforc'd to passe But what by speech from all the spirits I gain'd Among the Roman ghosts fell discord reign'd Romes wicked war disturb'd hells quiet rest Some Captaines from sad hell some from the blest Elysian fields come forth and there what fate Entends to doe they openly relate The happy ghosts look'd sad the Decii then Father and sonne wars-expiating men I saw the Curii and Camillus wailing Sylla himselfe against thee fortune railing His issues Libyan fate braue Scipio Bewail'd and Cato Carthages great foe His nephew's bondage-scaping death did monc â—mong the blessed spirits Brutus alone Reioyc'd first Consul that Romes king exil'd Fierce Catiline sterne Marius and the wilde Câ—thegs breaking chaines orejoyed were The popular law promulging Drusi there And daring Gracchi shouting clapt their hands Fetter'd for euer with strong iron bands In Plutoes dungeons impious ghosts had hopes Of blessed seates Pluto pale dungeons opes Prepares hard stones and adamantine chaines To punish the proud Conquerour ordaines Take you this comfort in a blessed roome The
wife and son Sextus Pompejus he repeated these two Iambike verses of Sophocles 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 These were the last words hee spake to his friends and so entred into the boate where Achillas was e When Pompey was now farre from his ship and perceived no courteous entertainement in the boate hee looked vpon Septimius and thus spake Haue not I knowne thee heretofore my fellow souldier Septimius disdaining to answere him at all only nodded his head to him and when Pompey was rising out of the boate Septimius first run him through with his sword LVCANS Pharsalia The Ninth Booke The Argument Pompey's departed spirit to heaven ascends His wife and sons lament Cato commends His worthy life checks the Cilicians And marching are the scorched Libyan sands To Iuba's Kingdome with strong patience Endures the heat the Southwinds violence And killing serpents venome Caesar sees Renowned Troys defac'd antiquities To Aegypt comes and with dissembling breath Complaines and weepes for noble Pompey's death IN Pharian coales his ghost could not remaine Nor those few ashes his great spirit containe Out from the graue he issues and forsakes Th' vnworthy fire and halfe burnt limbs and takes Vp to the convexe of the sky his flight Where with blacke ayre the starry poles doe meete The space betwixt the regions of the moone And earth halfe-deify'd soules possesse alone Whom fiery worth in guiltlesse liues has taught To brooke the lower part of heaven and brought Them to th'aeternall sphaeres which not they hold That are with incense bury'd tomb'd in gold There filled with true light with wondring eyes The wandring planets and first stars he sees He sees our day involv'd in midst of night And laughes at his torne trunkes ridiculous plight Then ore the Aemathian fields his scatter'd fleete And bloody Caesars troopes he tooke his flight And with revenge for these dire facts possest Catoâ—s bold hart and brutus noble breast Cato while chance was a doubtfull and at stake Whom civill war Lord of the world would make Then hated Pompey though with Pompey he Led by the Senate and Romes Auspicy Had fought but when Pharsaliaes field was try'd He altogether favour'd Pompey's side His countrey wanting a protector then He tooke and chear'd the trembling hearts of men And â—utting swords in fearefull hands againe Made civill war neither for hope of reigne Nor feare of bondage nought at all in war For his owne sake did he his forces are Since Pompey's death alone for liberty VVhich lest the speed of Caesars victory Should seaze vpon being dispersed ore The coast he sailes vnto Corcyra's b shore And in a thousand ships carryes away The conquer'd remnant of Pharsalia Who would haue thouâ—ht so great a fleete had held All flying men that conquer'd ships had fill'd The straitned seas from thence they saile away To ghost-fill'd Taenarus and long Males Thence to Cytherus Boreas blowing faire Crete flyes and getting a good sea they cleare The Cretan coast Phycus that durst deny Their men to land they sacke deservedly And thence along the deepe while faire winds blow Vnto thy shore oh Palinurus goe For not alone doth our Italian sea Keepe monuments of thee but Libya Can witnesse well calme harbours once did please Thy Phrygian master when vpon the seas Descrying shâ—pâ— afar they gan to feare Whether the men their foes or partners were Caesars knowne speed gaue them just cause to feare And still suspect his comming every where But those sad ships brought greife and woes and crys Able to draw soft teares from Catoes eyes For after that Cornelia all in vaine â—est Pompey's tâ—unke beat from the shore againe Should floate at sea by prayers had striv'd to draw From flight the sailers and her son in law When from the shore that little fire descry'd His most vâ—worthy funerall she cry'd Seem'd I not worthy then fortune to thee To light my husbands funerall fire and ly Stretch'd out on his cold limbs burne his torne haires And gathering his sea-scatterd limbs with teares To bath each wound with bones and ashes hot To fiâ—l my lap and in the temples put The sad remainder of his funerall That fir's no honour to his hearse at all Besides perhaps some hands of Aegypt now This loathed office to his ashes doe Well did the Crassi's ashes naked ly For by the gods far greater cruelty Is Pompey burnt Still shall my woes appeare In the same shape and shall I nere interre My slaughter'd Lords and at full vâ—nes lament What need'st thou tombe or any instrument Of sorrow wretch doth not thy breast containe Thy Pompey and his image still remaine VVithin thee let those wiues that meane to liue After their Lords vrnes to their ashes giue But yet the fire that lends you envious light From Aegypts shore brings nothing to my sight Of thee deare Pompey now the flame is gone The vanisht smoake beares to the rising Sunne Pompey aloft the windes vnwillingly Beare vs from thence yet is no land to me Though triumph'd by my Lord as Conquerer Nor chariot deck'd with laurell halfe so deare My breast has quite forgot his happinesse And loues that Pompey whom Niles shores possesse Faine would â— stay vnder this guilty clime The land 's enobled by so great a crime I would not leaue beleeue me Aegypts shore Sextus try thou the chance of war and ore The spacious world thy fathers colours beare This his last will was trusted to my care VVhen me of breath deaths fatall hower shall reaue To you my sonnes this civill warre I leaue And let not Caesar's race in quiet â—eigne VVhilest any of our stocke on earth remaine Solicite kingdomes and free powerfull townes By my names fame these are the factions These are the armes I leaue what Pompey ere VVould goe to sea shall finde a navy there My heires may stirre war in what land they will Be but couragious and remember still Your fathers lawfull power Serue vnder none But Cato whilest he fights for Rome alone I haue perform'd thy trust done thy behest Deare Lord thy cunning did prevaile and lest False I those words of trust should nere deliver Deceiu'd I liv'd Now Pompey wheresoever Th' art gone through hell if any hell there be Or empty Chaos I will follow thee How long my life 's decree'd I doe not know If long I le punish it for lasting so For not expiring when it first did see Thy wounds with sorrow broken it shall dy It shall dissolue in teares no halter sword Or praecipâ—ce shall death to me afford It were a shame for me now thou art gone Not to haue power to dye with griefe alone This said and covering with a vaile her head Vnder the hatches she resolv'd to lead A life in darkenesse neerely hugging woe She feedes on teares and for her husband now Embraces greife The noise of stormy winde Nor cryes of fearefull saâ—lers mooue her minde Her hope contrary to the sailers is Compos'd for
hand a shield of shinning brasse Wherein to see the stone transforming face Of sterne Medusa Pallas bad him keepe Then lay'd Medusa in an endlesse sleepe But yet not all part of her snaky haire Defends her head some snakes still waking are Some ore her face and sleeping eylids glide Minerva doth th'averted Perseus guide And with a trembling hand directs the stroake Of his Cyllenian Harpe which quite broke Her large snake-cover'd necke How strange a looke Had Gorgons head cut off by Perseus stroke And towring blade what poyson did arise In her blacke mouth what death shot from her eyes Which not Minerva durst to looke vpon And Perseus sure had bin congeal'd to stone Had not Minerva hid that dismall face With those snake-haires Now Perseus flyes a pace To heaven with Gorgons head but in his mind Considering how the nearest way to find Over the midst of Europe meanes to fly But Pallas straight forbids that injury To Europes fruitfull fields and bids him spare The people there for who can in the ayre Refraine to gaz when such a bird he spyes Perseus converts his course and Westward flyes Ore desert Libya whose vnfruitfull seat Vntill'd lyes ope to nought but Phaebus heat Who runs his burning course straight ore their heads No land then this a larger shadow spreads ' Gainst heaven nor more the moones ecclipse doth cause When straying not in latitude she drawes Neither to North nor South but still is found In signes direct· Yet this vnfruitfull ground Barren in all that 's good a seed could yeild From venome which Medusaes head distill'd From those dire drops mixt with the putrid earth Sols aiding heat did giue new monsters birth First from that dust so mixt with poyson bred Rose the sleep-causing Aspe with swelling head Made of the thickest drop of Gorgons gore Which in no serpent is compacted more She wanting heat seekes not a colder clime Content to liue in her owne Libyaes slime But oh how shamelesse is our thirst of gaine Those Libyan deaths are carryed ore the maine And Aspes at Rome are sold as marchandise In scaly folds the great Haemorrhus lyes Whose bite from all parts drawes the flowing blood Chersidros then that both in land and flood Of doubtfull Syrtes liues Chelydri too That make a reeking slime where ere they goe The Cenchris creeping in a tract direct Whose speckled belly with moe spots is dect Then ere the various Theban marble takes Sand-colour'd Ammodytes the horned snakes That creepe in winding tracks the Scytale No snake in winter casts her skin but she The double-head Dipsas that thirsty makes The water-spoyling Newte the dart-like snakes The Pareas whose way his tale doth guide The Prester too whose sting distendeth wide The wounded's foamy mouth the Seps whose bite Consumes the bones dissolues the body quite The Basiliske whose hisse all snakes doth scarre Hurtfull before the venome touch who far All vulgar serpents from his sight commands Reigning alone vpon the empty'd sands You dragons too glistring in golden pride Who hurtlesse wander through all lands beside Hot Affrik mortall makes aloft you fly Through the ayre on wings and follow speedily The heards your strokes the mightyest buls destroy Great Elephants not escape you all you kill Nor neede you poysons helpe to worke your will This thirsty way among these venom'd snakes Cato amidst his hardy souldiers takes Where many losses of his men he found And deaths vnusuall from a little wound A trodden Dipsas turning backe his head Did bite young Aulus Ensigne bearer bred Of Tyrrhene race no griefe nor paine ensew'd His wound no pity found no danger shew'd But in alas did fiery venome deepe Into his maâ—row and scorch'd entrailes creepe Which quite drunke vp all moisture that should flow Into his vitall parts his palate now And tongue is scorch'd and dry no sweate could goe To his tir'd joynts from 's eyes no teares could flow His place nor his sad generalls command Could stay this thirsty man out of his hand He throwes his Eagle water runs to haue Which the dry venome in his heart did craue Though he in midst of Tanais did ly Padus or Rodanus he would be dry Or drinke the streamer where ever Nilus flowes The soyle ads to his drought the worme doth loose Her venoms fame help'd by so hot a land He digs and seekes each veine in all the sand Now to the Syrts he goes and in his mouth Salt water takes which could not quench his drought Although it pleas'd He did not know what kinde Of death he dy'd nor his disease could finde But thinkes it thirst and now full faine he would Rip open all his veines and drinke his blood Cato commands them loath his men should stay To know what thirst was straight to march away But a more wofull death before his eye Appear'd A Seps no poore Sabellus thigh Hung by the teeth which he straight with his hands Cast off and with his pile nail'd to the sands A little snake but none more full then she Of horrid death the flesh falls off that nigh The wound did grow the bones are bared round Without the body naked shewes the wound His shankes fall off matter each members fills His knees are bar'd his groine blacke filth distills And every muscle of his thighes dissolues The skin that all his naturall parts involues Breaking lets fall his bowels nor doth all That should remaine of a dead body fall The cruell venome eating all the parts Alâ— to a little poisonous filth converts The poison breakes his nerues his ribs doth part Opens his hollow breast there shewes his heart His vitalls all yea all that man composes And his whole nature this foule death discloses His head necke shoulders and strong armes doe flow In venomous filth not sooner melts the snow By hot South windes nor waxe against the Sunne This is but small I speake burnt bodyes run Melted by fire in filth but what fire ere Dissolv'd the bones no bones of his appeare Following their putrid iuice they leaue no signe Of this swift death the palme is only thine Of all the Libyan snakes the soule take they But thou alone the carcasse tak'st away But lo a death quite contrary to it Marsian Nasidius an hot Prester bit Whose face and cheekes a suddaine fire did rost His flesh and skin was stretch'd his shape was lost His swelling body is distended far Past humane growth and vndistinguishd are His limmes all parts the poison doth confound And he lyes hid in his owne body drown'd Nor can his armour keepe his swolne growth in Not more doth boyling water rise within A brazen caldron nor are sailes more swell'd By Westerne windes No limme he now can weild A globe deform'd he is an heape confus'd Which ravening beasts did feare which birds refus'd To which his friends durst doe no obsequy Nor touch but from the growing carcasse fly But yet these snakes present more horrid sights A fierce Hamorrhus noble