Linguistic DNA - Concept Modelling Demonstrator

Word A	Word B	Word C	Word D	Occurrence	Frequency Band	MI	MI Band	Prominent
death_n	body_n	die_v	life_n	17,544	5	4.8615	4	true

ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A14280	A divine discoverie of death directing all people to a triumphant resurrection, and euer-lasting saluation.	Vaughan, Edward, preacher at St. Mary Woolnoth.	1612 (1612)	STC 24596; ESTC S105922	75,056	213

that euer were Iud. 16.28.29 of Sampson the strongest man in all the world and yet they died 1. King 11.43 Dan. 4. Of SalomoÌ„ who was the wisest man in all the world and yet he died Nabucadnezzar was the richest man in all the world and yet he died Peter and Paul were as holy as euer any before or since and yet Peter and Paul died Gen. 23.1.2 Hest 9. Sarah and Hester were two beautiful Ladies as euer were and yet Sarah and Hester died To conclude there was neuer any time nor place nor person that could exempt any man from death For Sem called Melchizedech was before the flood he out liued all that knew him Gen. 14.14 Heb. 7.1 to 7. and so long that no man knew his kindred euen when Lot was taken prisoner and a great grandfather of eight degrees in Abrahams time whence he was said to be without father and without mother and in part a figure of Christ whose Godhead had no mother and whose manhood had no father without beginning of dayes or end of life in respect of whom also he was said to be king of righteousnesse king of peace and a Priest for euer of the most high God yet for all this Melchizedech died Iob said If God set his heart vpon man Iob. 34.14 and gather his spirit vnto himselfe then man shall returne to dust As though he had said more plainly No man in all the world that liueth but liueth to die wheÌ„ God will because mans life consisteth of that which is Gods Salomon saith The desire of death cannot be satisfied Eccles 8.8 he gathereth vnto himselfe all nations doth heape vnto himselfe all people Hab. 2.5 Iob speaking to this purpose concerning all mankind and more particularly of himselfe said thus Iob. 6.11 What power haue I that I should endure is my strength the strength of stones or is my flesh of brasse To wit What did men thinke of me when I was at the best or what could I euer thinke of my selfe was I a man like to liue alwayes And what man may be named that now is that euer was or euer shall be so strong or so enduring as that he shall be able to surcharge death The sundrie examples and the common experience euen of our owne time hath told vs and doth still forewarne vs of death which is so due to vs as to them who are gone before The most vnlikeliest do longest liue the most likeliest do soonest die which argueth plainly that there is no stability no certainty nor true token of coÌ„tinuance in any maÌ„ whatsoeuer Also S. Paul said to the Corinthians 1. Cor. 15.51 we shal not all die Indeed we shall all once die inrespect of our outward estate ourelementarie inclination and naturall affections but in respect of Gods diuine maiestie innarrable power and secret will they which shall liue at the last day shall be changed they shall not be the same which formerly they were as men in the world I haue aduisedly considered of ten holy motiues or diuine reasons of Scripture why all men must die The first reason why all men must die It is the decree of almightie God which ordereth all inferior causes and binds theÌ„ to the obedience of his will No king can produce so ancient a right to his crowne as euerie man hath out of this most ancient decree to chaleÌ„ge after death the crowne of glorie Salomon said Eccles 3.14 I know that whatsoeuer God hath done he hath done it for euer to it can no man adde and from it can no maÌ„ diminish Esai the Prophet as in the proper person of God himselfe saith The Lord hath sworne saying Esa 14.24 surely as I haue purposed so shall it come to passe and as I haue consulted so shall it stand Againe he saith Seeke ye the booke of the Lord and reade none of these things shal faile none shall want his mouth hath commanded it Mal. 3.6 Malachi said to that purpose I am the Lord that changeth not The Author to the Hebrewes saith Heb. 6.17.18 That God more abundantly to shew the stablenesse of his counsell bound himselfe by an oath wherin it is impossible that God should lie that we might haue strong consolatioÌ„ Dan. 6.8 As the lawes of the Medes Persians were vnrepealable so is the decree of almighty God concerning death vnrepealable and in regard of the euerlastingnes of it Ieremy said Ier. 17.1 It is written with an iron pen and with the point of a diamond and grauen vpon the tables of the heart The second reason why all men must die Is drawne from the vprightnesse of Gods iustice Sinne being so generall in all men his Maiestie hath decreed to punish it by death in all men yea in his owne deare children who although the guilt of sinne be remoued and taken from them yet sinne remaining in their mortall bodies is to be punished with death and perishing of that substance so subiect to sinne Saint Paul said Death went ouer all men Rom. 5.12 in as much as all men haue sinned As by the law euerie husband may put away his wife for alienating her body to another man euen so sinne by the law doth alienate put away the soule from the body of eueric man Iob. 34.11 Elihu spake most diuinely to this purpose with his friends God will render vnto man according to his work and cause euery man to find according to his way And as sinne increased from age to age so did the anger of God as appeared by the shortning of their dayes Though Christ hath forgiuen vs yet sinne is not out of vs. There is stil in man that will keep him froÌ„ soaring and a Quis me in his mouth extending lamentably with Saint Paul from men to Angels with a violent interrogation enforcing an answer who shall deliuer me from the bodie of death The third reason why all men must die All men must die in respect of Gods generall purpose for the changing and renewing of mankind from one substance into another for the transubstaÌ„tiating of one body into another a transmitting of one life into another This purpose of the Father in Christ Iesus made Iob to say Iob. 14.14 I wil waite mine appointed time till my changing come S. Paul relating the verie same amongst many other things of great weight vnto the Corinthians said We shal all be changed And in another place 1. Cor. 15. at another time Flesh bloud saith he 35 â—4 cannot inherite the kingdome of heauen mortality must be swallowed vp of life 2. Cor. 5.4 And in his epistle to the Philippians he writes the same in effect being occasioned otherwise thereunto and that in these words God shall change our vile bodies Phil. 3.21 that they may be like vnto his glorious bodie The fourth reason why all men must die is That there may

death of Iesus Christ to whose holy protection I leaue you c. Newly from the Printers Presse the 3. Iuly 1612. Your Honours most humble in the Lord Edw. Vaughan TO THE RIGHT VVORSHIPFVL SIR IOHN HARPER AND SIR PHILIP STANHOP in the countie of Darby Knights And to the worshipfull Maister Richard Hall of London Maister Humphrey Bonner of Nottingham and Maister George Abney in the said countie of Darby Esquiers MY singular selected frieÌ„ds hauing published many and sundry bookes of diuinity and resolutely coÌ„cluded with my self there to surceasse knowing this to be the enuious and maligning age in which few men shal be condignely rewarded neither yet from vniust imputations and impious calumniations freed yet for all that I was occasioned or rather as I may say violently importuned for my owne better instruction and satisfaction being more surprised with sorrow then with the losse of all the kingdomes of the world carefully to collect answers to diuers questions and obiections which did assaile my soule for and as concerning the deceasse of some such as did most nearely concerne me and exceeding dearely appertaine vnto me And hauing therewithall receiued through Gods mercie that which of all other things I most specially desired I was drawne dutifully and respectiuely to consider that my case was or might be yours and the coÌ„mon case of all men Wherefore I tooke in hand methodically to dispose of all those dispersed collections into this booke as your Worships may see Wherin I alledge nothing but true sentences examples of holy Scriptures and that so warrantably so briefely and so plainely as that I might not seeme tedious to the wise and learned nor yet obscure to the simple and sorrowfull hearted Humbly and heartily desiring you in liew of my labor and in recompence of my loue that you wil be pleased sometimes to sequester your selues from your publike affaires yea and sometimes from your most priuate occasions for the orderly and through reading thereof Assuring you vpon my poore experience and vpon the iudgement of the best learned writers that there is nothing so effectuall in Gods word except the graces of his holy Spirit to make a regenerate man to mourn in mirth to solace in sorrow and to apprehend the right vse of all the meanes which God hath ordayned for the preseruation of life vntill the time of death doth come as the meditation of mortality with Scripture answers coÌ„templatiuely to euery such question and obiection as may be raised concerning death together with deuout prayers going before and thanksgiuing following after Or otherwise a thousand to one death brings with it feare feare brings an increase of naturall torments an increase of torments brings distraction of memorie Afterwards followeth all idle dissolute and damnable speech and so from one defect vnto another an obliuioÌ„ of Christ and his kingdome as the diuell would haue it Thus I end hauing timely inough I hope forewarnd you with my hearty desires vnto his holy Maiestie to comfot you in your affliction and tribulation that you may be able and readie to comfort others to the glory of his holy name and the euerlasting comfort of your owne soules From Stretton Lefield in the countie of Darbie this 3. of Iuly 1612. Yours in the Lord Edw. Vaughan The contents In the displaying of this diuine discouerie of death is necessarily to be obserued these foure generall heads of instruction approued by many sentences and holy examples of Scriptures viz. First the Generalitie of death to wit how inuincibly death reigneth ouer all the generation of mankind no place exempted no time priuiledged nor any person vpon any occasion fauoured Secondly the sundrie sorts maners and kinds of death that is to say how diuersly and how many wayes death seizeth vpon all people with the seuerall reasons thereof Thirdly the timelinesse of death relating by particulars the day the houre the moment and point of time in which almightie God hath decreed that euerie the generation of mankinde shall die so that no man by the diligent vse of the meanes can lengthen his life nor any man by the negligent vse of the meanes shall shorten his life Fourthly the memorabilitie of death that is to say the commemoration and religious solemnization which the liuing ought to haue for their dead with foure principall and Christian respects THE GENERALITIE OF DEATH DEath hath dominion ouer all mankind not all together as they are innumerable but one after another in their appointed time To which purpose the iust man Iob by the holy influence of Gods diuine Spirit said not onely of himselfe but also of all others Iob. 30.23.24 Surely I know that thou wilt bring me to death and to the house appointed for all the liuing Salomon the wisest man then in all the world hauing duly considered of mans abode in this life said Eccles 6 6. Man shall be couered with darkenesse if he liue an hundred yeares twise told and shall not all go into one place Saint Luke speaking by the same spirit sets downe the diuine speech of Saint Paul to the Athenians among which he doth plainely relate the maner of mans creation in this wise Act. 17.26 God hath made of one bloud all mankind to dwell on the face of the earth As if he had said by a vulgar phrase of speech Where there is a contagion or an infection it goes through that familie because they are of one nature and of one bloud euen so he meant that all the generatioÌ„ of mankinde being of one bloud and of one flesh shall all taste of one death Saint Paul in his exhortation to the Corinthians for their enduring affliction and to liue well 2. Cor. 5.10 said We must all appeare before the iudgement seate of Christ as if he had said There is no helpe nor hope we must all die Iosua a man exceeding victorious and full of magnanimitie and Christian courage yet being prepared to die in his exhortation to his people points vnto himselfe saying Iosua 23.14 Behold I enter into the way of all the world as if he had said Maruell not my brethren at me who must needs depart this life the like must be your lots your posterity The wise womaÌ„ of Tekoha amongst many other emphatiticall speeches which she vsed to Dauid the king in the behalfe of Absolon his sonne said vnto him We must all die 2. Sam. 14.14 and we are as water spilt on the earth which cannot be gathered neither doth God spare any person As Dauid said 2. Sam. 11.25 The sword deuoures as wel one as another euen so it may be said of all people that death seizeth one manner or other vpon euerie man without exception Furthermore Gen. 5.28 the ten holy Fathers who liued euery man almost his thousand yet died Deut. 2.3 Iosua 8.9.10.11.12 We may speake of diuers by examples as of Moses Iosua the most valiant most victorious warriours

harsh kind of doctrine to wise men and it is very distastfull to all men for it is a melancholy kind of teaching and of no such necessity Ye might rather in steed thereof stirre vp men to be merrie and to endure their miseries patiently Preachers do nothing more then fright and astonish men in the name of God let vs be merrie whiles we may sorrow comes fast inough The other sort reasoning and expostulating with flesh and bloud cannot determine vpon the generality of death They see not they say how it may be nor how it can stand to be true because then it is questionable say they who shall haue the dominion ouer other creatures in the world which are innumerable and most admirable 2 Pet. 3.1 1.3.4 Saint Peter saith these beleeue not that the world shall be destroyed with fire An answer to the first concerning the generalitie of death Interrogatiuely do you know this to be true by any sentence or example of holy Scripture No no you do not For if you did so know it the hearing of the same againe and againe would rather haue bene comfortable theÌ„ tedious vnto you That knowledge which is not grounded vpon the Scriptures of truth is nought worth meerly vnperfect True it is that men may know and be induced to beleeue that they which are a dying will die and that they which are in eminent dangers and perils present shall die But truly to beleeue and certainly to know that all men shall die or who or how many shall die flesh and bloud cannot reueale vnto men For the sense of hearing and seeing by the which men are brought to know and to beleeue reacheth no further then vnto things present because light which is the obiect of seeing and the aire which is the obiect of hearing vpon diuers occasions are sometimes giuen and sometimes taken away Therefore to see and to know certainly as an article of beleefe that all men shall die which is my generall doctrine no man can apprehend nor yet comprehend but by the knowledge of the holy Scriptures and by the holy influence of Gods diuine spirit because in verie truth the same reacheth vnto the apprehension of things in time to come and vnto that which is cleane out of sight and out of hearing Saint Paul speaketh directly of two sorts of seeing 2. Cor. 4.18 the one proper to the spirituall eyes or eyes of the vnderstanding in these words We looke not on the things which are seene but on the things which are not seene As if he had said We who are the children of God do not esteeme of that which we may apprehend with our natural eyes in coÌ„parison but we esteeme and allow specially of that which we may comprehend and apprehend by faith And in that verie place he verifies the same calling the one in a sort an obiect temporall the other an obiect eternall The same Apostle saith to the like purpose We walke not by sight but by faith 2. Cor. 5.7 to wit We iudge not so highly nor so truly of that which the light or the aire doth manifest vnto our senses as of those things which the word of faith doth manifest vnto our soules The effects and fruites of the one and the other shewes the difference As the vertue attractiue was not in Noahs Arke Gen. 7.7.9.10 that drew famous and most worthy creatures and of all sorts into it nor the vertue attractiue was not in Elias cloke that drew Elisha froÌ„ his plowing 1. King 19.19 but both in the effectuall vse of Gods word Euen so the vertue of hearing seeing and beleeuing the general doctrine of death and life proceedeth not from any matter in nature nor from worldly reason nor yet from the wisest humane narration but from the holy Spirit of the liuing God who worketh in vs by faith which is grounded vpon the written word of God As for example briefly 2. King 6.18.19 Elisha his man as he was a naturall man saw onely an armie of the Aramites who were come to take his maister but when the eyes of his vnderstanding were opened vpon the prayers of his maister he saw a farre greater army of Angels that were come to protect them This made S. Paule to pray Ephes 1. That the eies of the Ephesians vnderstanding might be opened which was in effect that God would be pleased to inflame to kindle their hearts and their affectioÌ„s with the splendor of his word and Spirit As the same host of the Aramites was led with blindnesse 1. King 6.18.19 vnto their mortall enemie the king of Israel at Samaria the eyes of their vnderstanding being shut vp and as the Sodomites did strike at Lots doore with blindnesse Gen. 19.10.11 when their naturall eyes were open or as Saule and his company 1. Sam. 26.12 being in the iustice of God striken into a dead sleepe euen so all such as haue not their sight and their knowledge for spirituall things out of Scripture they weare out themselues with wearisomnesse and in the end do bring theÌ„selues as through ignorance into that ineuitable gulfe of perdition Labour you therefore ye seruants of the Lord labour ye the Scriptures and know you for certaine that ye know nothing as ye ought to know vnlesse ye know it by the Scriptures and beleeue it by the same Spirit that wrote the Scriptures As the light of the body is the eye Luk. 11.34 so the light of the inner man is the word of God and consider I pray you consider in due time I aduise you If I be to be blamed for this long discourse concerning the generalitie of death why then did the holy Ghost so largely discourse thereof Why did his holy Maiestie so often particulate one and the same matter so variably and in so many places of Scripture How can this be answered If you say fewer places would haue suffised theÌ„ you do directly blaspheme which God forbid Then you charge the holy Ghost with superfluities and tediousnesse where as through Gods mercies with such and so many iterations he doth importune you to remember your mortalitie and to make prouision for the same accordingly If you say this doctrine was not so needfull because you knew it long since out of your owne words you proue this doctrine of all others to be most needfull and my selfe of you most carefull And whereas you know alreadle as you say that you shall die neuerthelesse it is questionable whether you be readie prepared to die euerie houre for the testimonie of a good conscience as his Maiestie hath commanded yea or no. And it is questionable whether you be willing and desirous to die You wil say peraduenture you are of that mind you trust euer to be so that there is nothing vainly spoken in Gods word and you will count them vaine and friuolous that shall speake any thing out of this word that doth

begger why then should any man mourne or murmure at the death of his dearest friends and why should he not be moued to yeld himselfe with al willingnesse contentment to die Why should any one man thinke himselfe worthy of that prerogatiue and priuiledge as not to die yea rather willingly then of constraint Iosua the Lord Generall of Israel at his death tooke this as a strong forcible argumeÌ„t to perswade with his people to liue well and that they might die willingly therefore emphatically he said Iosua 23.14 This is the way of all the world to wit Although I be a man as ye know in an extraordinary acceptation with God yet I must die so must you and so must all mankinde that liue and are yet to be borne looke not you to be exempted from this sentence but prouide accordingly A voyce said vnto Esai Crie Esai 40.6 What said he That all flesh is grasse the grace thereof as the flower of the field This holy Prophet being suggested and instigated by the Spirit of God to prepare the way of Christ in the hearts of the people he receiues as from the Lord also the manner how to moue them effectually thereunto euen by telling them that they were all subiect to death and that the most wise and most excellent amongst them was subiect to the same end The second cause mouing willingnesse to die It is drawne from a threefold exchaÌ„ge that we make with the Almighty the first is the exchange that we make of our bodies 1 Cor. 15.25.54 Phili. 3.21 Esai 49.10.25.8 for this corruptible body which is subiect to manifold miseries and to fall from God we shall haue incorruptible and immortall bodies For these our bodies subiect to hunger to thirst to cold to heate to manifold diseases to sundrie passions and other such like calamities we shall haue celestiall and glorified bodies euerie way freed of all those perturbations The Lambe which is in the middest of the throne Reue. 7.15.16.17 shall gouerne his people and shall leade them vnto the liuely fountaines of waters and God shall wipe away all teares from their eyes 21.3.4 The tabernacle of God is with men and he will dwell with them and they shall be his people and God himselfe shall be their God with them There shall be no more death neither sorrow neither crying neither paine Euery Christian is alwaies longing and desiring this exchange yea senselesse creatures do alway straine with a feruent desire to be vnburthened to be discharged of this life how much more euery good man As he that is in prison desires and longs to go abroad or as Hagar in her bondage so miserable is man liuing in the flesh as a liuing soule in a body subiect to death The second exchange that we make is of our goods as when we change earthly riches for heauenly momentanie and transitorie treasures for euerlasting and that which neuer fadeth To which purpose the holy Ghost saith Mat. 6.19.20 Lay not vp treasures where moath or canker corrupteth and where theeues breake through and steale but lay vp treasures for your selues in heauen As if it were to say The best things of this life are subiect to corruptioÌ„ to manifold casualties but the treasures which are in heauen are not subiect either to mutability or yet to decay And our sauiour Christ saith by way of a parable Luk. 12.15.10.22 that the abundance of worldly wealth auailes nothing for the time prefent which is but momentanie neither doth it any way minister comfort vnto the distressed soule Thus he saith take heed of couetousnesse for though a man haue abundance yet his life standeth not in his riches Saint Paul seeing and perceiuing the inordinate desire of riches which was in his time and knowing that the like would be continued he speakes by way of comparison verie disdainefully and contemptuously of worldly riches 1 Timo 6.17.18.19 and charges men to prouide for better things and to build vpon a better foundation In heauen is all kinde of plentie maturitie and satietie Iudg. 18.9.10 As the Spies said vnto the children of Dan their brethren concerning Laish Arise and let vs go vp we haue seene the land and surely it is verie good it is a place lacking nothing that is in the world be not slothfull to possesse it for God hath giuen it into your hands euen so do innumerable sentences and examples of holy Scripture say and assure vs as touching the kingdome immortall ioyes of heaueÌ„ The third exchange that we make by dying willingly and well is of our societie of our companie as when we change the societie fellowship and coÌ„panie of men for the company and societie of Angels Heb. 12.22.23.24 Reuel 14.1 to 6. the company of whoremongers drunkards liers swearers oppressors and such like for the company of the Saints the company of children on earth for the company of children in heauen the company of husband or wife for the company of Iesus Christ himselfe As a virgine that is affianced to a man thinkes it long before the solemnization thereof so is euery one that is affianced with Christ euermore desiring his full fruition and holy fellowship The third cause mouing willingnesse to die It is the mitigations coÌ„forts helpes that almightie God yeelds against the torments of death to such as do commemorate their mortality with prayers and intercessions vnto almightie God that they may be faithfully prepared Of which gracious qualifications of sicknesses and diminishing of deaths torments the holy Prophet Dauid speakes Psal 41.3 most plainely The Lord will strengthen him vpon his bed of sorrow thou Lord saith the Prophet hast turned all his bed in his sicknesse as if it were to say God wil enable a mercifull religious man to endure all that he will lay on him or else will diminish the qualitie or quantitie of the disease To whom also Christ Iesus saith I am the physition as if it were in effect to say I am a present discharge for the soule that is surcharged with sinne and also a present qualification of bodily griefes and naturall diseases as was manifoldly and plainely experimented by Christ vpon diuers poore people who were miserably and mortally distressed with both The second instruction Concerning the manner sort or kind of death to wit how diuersly and how many wayes death seizeth on all the generation of mankind I will distinguish into foure sorts The which for assignations sake I must call by foure names vnder the which the holy Ghost comprehends as in a close narration dispersed ouer the Bible all maners sorts and kinds of death whatsoeuer howsoeuer and wheresoeuer which are these 1. the Penall death 2. the Naturall death 3. the Vnnaturall death 4. the Politicall death These three are comprehended in that answer of Dauid the selected man of God to Abishai concerning Saul the king whom God deliuered into their

as though that they which die naturally in their beds or they themselues which liue in the good appearance of the world were not as guiltie of condemnation for euery small sinne which they commit without faith in Iesus Christ as they who are hanged burned beheadded or pressed or as those vpon whom the tower of Siloam fell Here I conclude asking pardon of the learned wherein soeuer I haue erred or haue wanted in the disconise of the common lawes of this land Knewing the profunditie thereof to be passing the reach of all men and withall acknowledging it to be a meere subiect out of my element and therefore as a man hauing spoken nothing in effect of that which it deferueth I am coÌ„tent to be condeÌ„ned without replication vpoÌ„ a nihil dicit if reason require it The third instruction concerning the timelinesse of death Not withstanding there are such variable and sundry sorts or manners of death as hath bene formerly enlarged and howsoeuer almightie God hath bene occasioned in his iustice to punish sinne yet none of the generation of mankinde departs this life before his appointed day so that no man by diligence can lengthen his life nor any man by negligence shorten his life The holy Prophet Dauid hauing Saul his enemie in his hand would not be perswaded to lay his hands on him but said His day shall come to die 1 Sam. 26.8.9 I will not smite him As if he had spoken more plainely It is not for me to kill him for God hath appointed him his time in which he shall die To this purpose said the iust man Iob by way of two interrogations Iob. 7.1 Is there not an appointed time for man vpon the earth And are not his dayes determined Iob. 14.5 The number of his moneths are with thee thou hast appointed him his bounds ouer which he shall not passe As if it were to say Certainely there is an appointed time for mans departure out of this world euen by the diuine ordinance sacred decree of the Almightie which cannot be shortened nor lengthned no not so much time more as to go ouer a meere or baulke nor so much time lesse as to come vnto it Againe he saith verie emphatically and affirmatiuely beleeuing in the promise of God therin after this manner I will waite my appointed time as though he had said Iob. 14.14 My God hath determined and set downe the day and houre of my dissolution it is hid from me I will therefore attend I will be looking for it from day to day Salomon after his conuersion amongst many excellent most diuine instructions he particulateth this secret decree of God most plainly after this manner Eccl. 3.12 To all things there is an appointed time And from this generall he descendeth into a more particular thus There is a time to be borne and a time to die to wit as there is a most certaine time inclosed in euery womans wombe in which she shall bring forth into the world euen so there is a certaine and an appointed time in which he that is borne of a woman shall go out of the world Saint Paul said to the Athenians Act. 17.26 God hath assigned the times that were ordained before and the bounds of their habitation By that saying the time of mans departure is decreed and vnreapeable why because there is no alteration nor change in Gods diuine Maiestie that which he is he was the same he will be for euer Iehoida said 2 King 11.15 He that comes within the ranges let him die the death euen so it may be said Whosoeuer comes within the compasse of the time which God hath decreed let him die without delay there is no hope nor helpe for him there will be no partiality or fauourable respects The liues of the 10. Gen. 5.3 to the end Fathers were twise exactly reckoned and their death once for diuers causes but specially that thereby euerie man thenceforth might be able to know the age of the old world before the floud The ages of these holy men being computated and layd together do amount iustly to 1656. yeares In which obseruance or sure rule for numeration and multiplication the holy Ghost deliuereth plainely that God doth strictly seuerely recken the liues of all men yea from their verie beginning to the verie day of their death Saint Iohn and other the EuaÌ„gelists affirme out of their owne knowledge that the Iewes vsed all cunning meanes practised diuers wayes to apprehend our Lord and Sauiour but all was in vaine something or other went betweene and why his houre was not yet come Ioh. 8.30 the time which his holy Father had decreed was not when they would To this effect Moses by a large measure of inspiration spake of an holy woman the wife of the Patriarch Abraham who had a particular and gracious respect before God specially for the time of her life the time of her death Gen. 23.1.2 When Sarah saith he was 127. yeares old so long liued shee then Sarah died That is as much to say Shee liued iust so long indeede and no whit longer when her appointed time was come then she died and not before Likewise Moses doth computate the age of Abraham her husband and saith Gen. 25.7 This is the age of Abrahams life which he liued 175. yeares Then Abraham yeelded the spirit died in a good age As if he had said This 175. yeares was the full time in which God had appointed him to liue When as Moses himselfe was to depart this life almightie God called him saying Thy dayes are come Deu. 31.14 thou must die to wit my decree is certaine towards thee my louing and my faithfull seruant as towards all the generation of mankinde As in an hoast of men furiously in fight so in the world some shall die now because God hath so appointed and some shall not die then because God hath not so appointed To which effect he spake by the mouth of his Prophet Eze. 9.4.5.6 Set a marke vpon the foreheads of theÌ„ that mourne And coÌ„cerning others he said vnto him Go and smite destroy vtterly the old and the young Gen. 4.15 So likewise God was said to set a marke vpoÌ„ Caine but touch no man vpon whom the marke is set shewing therein that euen amongst furious and outragious men in martiall affaires and in the determinations of malicious men life and death is euen then particularly in Gods hands and also the verie time thereof Here arise two necessary questions One why hath God so exactly determined the time of death the other why God doth conceale the time The first whereof is Why hath God so exactly determined the verie time of euery mans departure out of this world so that no man can go beyond it nor come short of it Why did he not rather resolue vpon this Let euery man shift for himselfe and

true and sincere seruants of God were touched with this naturall feare and therewith drawne to vse all meanes possible for helpe and safegard of their liues Ieremie the Prophet did importune the king after this manner for his life being drawne into an extraordinarie feare Ier 37.20 Now I pray thee Ã´ my Lord the king let my prayer be accepted before thee that thou cause me not to returne vnto the prison lest I die there Likewise Iesus Christ himself knowing that the houre of his death was at hand did exceedingly desire his Father that if it were possible he might escape it Mat. 26.39 Secondly we are to obserue that there is in mans corrupt nature an vnsatiable kind of deuouring or eating and drinking which made the Maiestie of God to restrain man his generatioÌ„ by way of exceptions Leuit. 11. to the end Gen. 3.3.4 from diuers sorts of creatures whereof they should not cate Adam was to eate of euery tree in the garden of God which was a sufficient allowance but out of his vnsatiablenesse he tooke also of that which was excepted of which corrupted nature it cometh that men generally haue a continuall renued desire of eating and drinking Which God in his mercy doth tollerate and allow their prouision so farre as they are not excepted nor forbidden Thirdly from the nakednesse of Adam which was Gods particular iustice for his wilfulnesse it cometh to passe that his posteritie do vse all sorts of clothing some to auoyde heat some to auoyd cold the which also God doth like and allow so farre still as is not excepted Neuerthelesse he that is moued to vse meanes for the preseruation of his life by the instinct of nature onely and not for imitation and example sake according to faith in the promises of God obedience to his commandements he is still a most miserable naturall man farre from the way of his saluation To conclude this doctrine for the vse of meanes as notwithstanding the diligent vse thereof men must die when the time of Gods decree is come in things pertaining to God euen so notwithstanding the negligent vse of the meanes men must liue vntill their time doth come in things pertaining to men Both which are to be found in the consideration of the difference that is betweene the preseruing of life the lengthning of life Men may by means preserue life vntill the time of Gods decree come but men by no means can lengthen life when the time of Gods decree for death is come As for example two meÌ„ are striken with the plague both at one time the one a begger the other a king both of equal yeares both of one complexion both of one disposition both of one climate both of one house both in one bed both vnder one Physition and both applied with one selfe same salue or medicine yet the begger liueth and the king dieth And why the one was striken his time being come by an Angel either good or bad that supernaturally as some in euery house from Dan to Bersheba 2. Sa. 24.15 and therfore incurably the other naturally deriued from some corrupt and poysonfull matter in himselfe and therfore curable And because the Angels stroke is not essentially to be knowne from that stroke which cometh by naturall corruption because elements resolue into putrifaction it were ouer desperate vnchristian presumption to neglect the vse of medicine and no folly but faithlike wheÌ„ God giues the matter faithed Gen. 17.1 to wait carefully vpon that seruice and to stand with Christian magnanimitie to performe holy religious duties one towards another in such a case as in a time of the greatest weight in all the world and in the iudgment of many is an holy kind of martyrdome As it was said by the spies to Rahab Whosoeuer shall go out of his doore Iosua 2.19 his bloud shal be vpon his owne head and we will be guiltlesse but whosoeuer shall be within the house his bloud shall be on our heads euen so he that neglecteth the meanes of life shall be guilty of eternal death but he that vseth the means shal be innocent The second obiection If meanes are to be vsed as formerly you seemed to proue and that of necessitie then it followeth by a necessarie consequent that he who doth contemn them or neglect them doth shorten his life and therein is gultie of his owne destruction The same is answered 6. maner of waies The first answer concerning him that doth contemne or neglect the meanes is From the generalitie and timelinesse of death where alreadie it was proued that the time of euery mans departure is according to Almighty Gods former decree vnchangeable counsel which maketh also that neither the diligent vse of the meanes can lengthen life nor the neglect thereof can shorten the time of life The 2. answer concerning him that doth contemne or neglect the meanes Where you heard that it was formerly commanded that meanes should be vsed for the preseruation of life neither those nor other places do say that the vse of the meanes doth lengtheÌ„ life nor the neglect thereof shorten life that were to crosse and contrary other holy Scripture But those places do absolutely command the vse of all good meanes as men will auoyd Gods high displeasure and not be found guiltie of their own euerlasting death The third answer concerning him that doth contemne or neglect the meanes There is no sentence nor example of Scripture that doth conclude the neglect of the meanes to be the shortning of life nor the diligent vse thereof the lengthning of life The fourth answer concerning him that doth contemne or neglect the meanes If the neglect or contempt of the meanes were the shortning of life then that were to proue iniustice in God by punishing one mans sinne for another As if the father neglect or coÌ„temne the meanes of helping the preseruation of his child shall that be the childs death No God forbid So likewise in Baptisme if the parent do neglect delay the baptising of his child and the child in the meane time dieth shall that neglect be to the condemnation of the child No no. Againe if the neglect of the meanes be a shortning of life and the diligent vse thereof be a lengthning of life then it must needs follow and necessarily be granted that it is in man by his diligent or negligent vse of the meanes to crosse or to alter the decree of God concerning the time of mans deceasse which by no way can be granted and be it far from any man so to thinke much lesse to say least of all so to teach The fifth answer concerning him that doth contemne or neglect the meanes By an vsual phrase of speech it is said that man shortneth his life when he refuseth the meanes or doth runne headlong into eminent dangers yet by the proprietie of the Scripture that phrase cannot be so generally maintained no

Ecclesiasticall histories The paines and pangs which the body doth endure before the soule be sundred may be likened vnto the paines and pangs of a woman in her trauell with child of whoÌ„ the holy Prophet speakes Her hands saith he on her loynes Iere. 30.6 Esai 13.7.8 her face turned to palenesse her heart weakened and melting with feare and anguish Yea the paines and pangs of death do well resemble the paines and torments of hell and therefore the first second death is but one selfesame with this difference onely the one is naturall and temporarie the other is supernaturall and euerlasting The feare of this death made our blessed Sauiour Iesus Christ as he was a man to importune the Maiestie of his Father with teares that it might passe from him Mat. 26.39.40.41.42.43 being brought vnto it through the agonie thereof he was enforced to call and to crie vnto God his Father as if in part he had despaired O my Father why hast thou forsakeÌ„ me The like obliuion and desperate speeches are heard seene in the time of deaths torments euen from many of Gods deare children and canonized Saints Saint Paul saith that death hath a sting thereby inferring that death is venimous as all creatures which haue stings are noysome and hurtfull either more or lesse but death is like vnto the diuell himselfe stinging and poysonful therfore called a serpent the most noisome and the most pestiferous creature of all others Againe Saint Paul calleth death an enemie inferring thereby as out of the naturall disposition of a naturall enemie the greatest mischiefe that possibly he can deuise to the poore body of man specially being godly The torments of death must needes be held innarrable if we do but consider the combate and conflict that is betweene the soule and the body the one affecting cleane contrarie to the other and in nature quite opposite Which opposition and conflict may well be resembled vnto that dangerous tempest on the sea of Tarshish which was raised purposely by God himselfe for the arresting of Ionas who was as he thought secure The winds were sent into the seas which being an element light laboured vehemeÌ„tly according to the nature therof to ascend and the seas being an element heauy laboured mightily according to the quality thereof to descend so that the seas being violently kept vp by the winds and the winds being violently kept downe by the seas made such a storme such an outragious tempest as if heauen and earth had ratled and rang together or as if the shippe had bene still a rushing and a riuing in peeces vpon the rocks euen so is the soule and body of him who is in the hands of death The soule according to the nature and quality thereof being a spirituall an heauenly and holy creature of the Almightie vseth and enforceth all meanes thither to ascend but the body being of a cleane contrary disposition massie heauy and earthy according to the qualitie thereof in sort and kind labors thither to descend The one being of a cleane contrarie disposition to the other they become hindrances to the passage one of another meanes one against another of greater enduring passions And to conclude briefly the torments of death are as the hewing of Agag in peeces 1 Sam 15.33 Psal 50.22 as the irefull execution of God whereof Dauid speaks Although this tormeÌ„ting be the decree of the Almighty for the subduing of mans body and for the depriuation of his life yet it is euident that the variety and sundrie manners sorts and kinds of death whereunto his Maiestie hath left himselfe at large is the cause that many wicked men so well as the godly do depart this life with litle pangs or paines And at other times out of his Maiesties roiall and extraordinary fauor through Iesus Christ the paines and pangs of death in many of the godly are mitigated and diminished as may appeare out of manifold sentences and examples of Scripture For it is all one with him in regard of his power and mercie to abate or to annihilate the qualitie and the quantity of executing creatures or things appointed for torments as it is for him to increase and to multiply the same As the sauage and hungrie lions were so asswaged in their natures so mitigated Dani. 6.20.21.22.3.20.21.22 that they became as playfellowes vnto Daniel the fierie fornace being seuen times hotter then ordinary was vnto him and his companions but as a place of recreation So no doubt were the fiery tormeÌ„ts vnto the Saints of God who were cruelly executed in Queene Maries dayes After another sort most powerfully doth his Maiestie multiplie or increase the qualitie of bread and water for the good of the poore who otherwise could not possibly liue and abateth the extremitie of their cold in the winter Remember the augmentation of the 7. Mar. 8.8 Dan. 1.15 loues and few fishes so that more was taken vp then was layd downe and remember Daniels puâ—â—â— And albeit I should absolutely grant that there is no mitigation of paines in death for any and that it must needes be concluded that the verie Saints and seruants of God shall suffer the most grieuous torments of naturall death equally with the reprobates which cannot be truly agreeed vnto and which God forbid yet considering that the guiltinesse of sin is cleane taken away in Iesus Christ that these torments of death are but as it were momentanie or as the twinckling of an eye in comparison of the euerlasting torments of the reprobates what man or woman hauing any hope thereof hauing any feeling of faith or hauing any one motion of Gods spirit but would most willingly endure the torments of bodily death were they yet greater yea before it come to coÌ„memorate and withall to celebrate the remembrance of death by which there is an end of all sorrowes and the possessing of all ioyes and immortall happinesse If the person dead or dying be an husband Then the matrimoniall association which by Gods ordinance was made singularly and plurally two in one and one in two the better to be helpfull one vnto another is now by death dasht as it were into powder and violently parted a sunder and seuered one from another for euer into two distinct places which deuision to the husband or wife is so naturally grieuous as it is for one limbe being cut off from another as Ruth doth impart out of her most singular affection to Nahomie her mother in law in these words Ruth 1.17 The Lord do so to me and more also if ought but death part thee me euen so is the loue of a wife fearing God towards her husband that she concludeth in her heart from the first houre vnto the last that nothing shal infringe her faith towards him but death which when it cometh exceedingly moueth her to mourne This also appeares vpon the wofull and lamentable experience

be a performance and a seisure vpon Gods promises for the perpetuall good of his Saints after death which in this life can not be obtayned and also for the ineuitable destruction of the wicked With the godly Esai 23.18 saith Esai shall be ioy and gladnesse slaying of oxen kiling of sheep eating flesh and drinking wine reioycing and triumphing By which words is meant all spiritual heauenly plenty of immortal melodies and vnspeakable alacrities the father ioying and reioycing in the sonne and the sonne in the father and both the father and the sonne in other the Saints in the Angels and specially in the Lambe Christ Iesus The same Prophet continueth his speech as being halfe rauished with the meditation thereof in the behalfe of his fellow brethren who saith Awake thou that sleepest in the dust Esai 25.9 in that day men shall say Lo this is our God we haue waited for him he will saue vs we will reioyce and be ioyfull in his saluation Againe the Lord himselfe speakes by the same Prophet Esa 26.19 The dead men shall liue euer with my body shall they arise awake and sing ye that dwell in the dust Saint Paul said to that effect 1. Cor. 5.10 We must all appeare before the iudgment seate of Christ that euerie man may receiue the things which he hath done in his body As it was with Christ the head so is it with his members Except the wheate corne die and fall into the ground it abideth alone but if it die it bringeth much fruite Concerning the seisure of Gods iudgments vpon the wicked according to Gods promises these ioyes these preparations and these exultations are turned vnto weeping and gnashing of teeth Then saith Esai Esa 23.9 that the noise of them that reioyce endeth intimating the wicked then their mirth ceasseth they shall not eat and drinke with mirth 24.8.26.21 and good things shall be bitter vnto them Lo then the Lord commeth out of his place to visite the inhabitants of the earth The earth shall disclose her bloud and shall no more hide her slaine Then the Lord hath decreed to staine the pride of maÌ„s glorie and to bring into contempt all them that be glorious vpon earth Here the glorie of the wicked endeth and euen here the glorie of the godly beginneth as by the example of Diues and Lazarus And as Abimelech hauing fought against the city Sechem fiercely and exceedingly wrathfull he slue all the people that were therein left none aliue and afterwards in signe that it should neuer be inhabited he sowed salt in it euen so is the Lord in his wrath against the wicked of the world at that day The fifth reason why all men must die It is drawne from the matter or substance whereof man was made to wit of earth and therefore subiect to perishing earth cannot continue long out of its spheare whence it was exhausted Earth how cunningly and how curiously soeuer it be built as earth vpon earth it will descend and presse downward according to the nature thereof vnto the place whence it came and by little and little in short time much wil come to nothing According to the which God said vnto Adam Thou art dust Gen. 3.19 and into dust thou shalt returne Man is built vpon a bad foundation Iob. 4.19 therfore Iob said that the soules which came from heauen do dwell in houses of clay and their foundation is in the dust which shall be destroyd before the moath Eccles 3.20 And Salomon said that the spirit shall returne to God that gaue it The sixth reason why all men must die It is drawne from the matter or substance whereof the woman was made or for her immediate conuersion from one substance to another to wit from earth to flesh which being rightly considered in it selfe is a matter or substance lesse durable and more momentanie then the former For flesh how fine soeuer it be in it selfe and how curiously or costly so euer it be preserued yet if it be not vsed and taken in season it will putrifie and become exceeding noisome of it selfe specially the flesh of a woman for by how much more excellent braue beautifull she is in the constitution of her body then the man by so much the more foule filthy stinking her body will become shortly after she is dissolued following therein the nature of other pure and purified creatures which in their time and right vse are much to the prayse of God and to the comfort of man but being abused or not vsed as they ought are the most vile and the most venimous things of all others The flesh of beasts are good for men and the flesh of men good for something but the flesh of women when they are dead is good for nothing Iob therefore being borne of a woman said of him selfe of all others of that kinde My flesh is meate for wormes Job 7.5 my flesh is clothed with wormes and filthinesse Man both by father mother is a stigmaticall note a word of disdaine or an appellation of anger therefore Dauid saith What is man that thou art mindfull of him Ye are all but men the sons of men S. Paul said O wretched man not Ã´ wretched Apostle nor Ã´ wretched Christian but Ã´ wretched man the cause of his wretchednesse was in him selfe a man miserable because a man The seuenth reason why all men must die It is drawne from the vigour and virility of mans nature which being growne vnto the height declineth fadeth and falleth It weareth waneth like the Moone and like Nabucadnezzars image Dan. 3.31.32.33 which being raised from the earth to iron from iron to brasse from brasse to siluer and from siluer to gold the head and highest perfection then it declined it returned and abated from gold to siluer from siluer to brasse from brasse to iron and from iron to earth euen to that indeede whence first it came When nature is quite decayed theÌ„ the body extinguisheth as in the example of that renowned man Dauid 1 King 1.1.2 King of gods peculiar people he was so old that he died when nature was quite worne out of him This is also variably to be proued euen by the nature of naturall things which hauing their licour moisture or iuice dried and worne away do decay and perish presently To which purpose God said by the mouth of the Prophet Esai in part touching the desolation of Israel They shall be as an oake Esai 7.30 whose leafe falleth and as a garden without water So likewise saith Iob interrogatiuely Can a rush grow without dirt Iob. 8.11 or can grasse grow without water As if he had said Take dirt water away then neither the rush nor the grasse but will presently wither and come to nothing Saint Peter likens mankind to the flower of the field 1 Pet. 1.24 and to grasse which being growne to the

of God in Christ Iesus by whom the guilt of sinne and the condemnation of the law together with the sting of death is qualified and in a sort done away leauing indeed no more to do nor to say against such as can take hold of his promises but onely the perishing and destroying of that body so naturally subiect to sinne According as Paule proclaimed in a most comfortable manner in these words Death went ouer all men Rom. 5.11 in as much as all men haue sinned as if he had said Such was the infinite mercie of God and yet mingled with his iustice that he would lay no more to the charge of his chosen then he must needes by the open rules of religion reuealed word Moses in his defence to the people of Israel concerning that open rebellion of Corah and his company speakes most diuinely and most plainely of this kinde of death in these words Numb 16.29 to 36. If these men die the common death of all men or if these be visited with the generall visitation of all men then the Lord hath not sent me As if he had said There is a sort or kind of death which is naturall which is vsuall and which is rightly appertayning vnto the nature of mankinde and that which most commonly falles out vpon good and reasonable deliberation vpoÌ„ orderly disposing of worldly affaires vpoÌ„ due bequeathing of the body to be buried This naturall death which he calles the common death and the general visitation of all men Iob saith it is as a ricke of corne Iob. 5.26 which comes into the barne in due time As if he had said This is the death indeede that is full of maturitie and seasonablenesse lo thus we haue inquired of it and so it is Againe he saith to the same effect Iob. 34.14.15 As a rush cannot grow without mire and as grasse without water can grow no longer but withereth though it be not cut euen so man by nature liueth vntill nature be quite worne and wholly extinguished and then dieth though he were not touched nor medled withall in any sort which death is nothing so nor so as the penall The man of God intimating such a kinde of death said to Hezckiah King of Iudah Esai 38.1 Thou shalt not die with the sword but thou shalt die in peace To wit thou shalt not die the penall death which is terrible and painefull nor an vnwonted death but the common death the generall visitation of all men to wit the naturall death This naturall death which is also called the common death and the generall visitation of all men hath by the reuealed word of God foure other inferior sorts or kinds of death whereof I must dispose for methods sake after this manner 1. Some do die In their old age 2. Some do die In their nonage 3. Some do die Languishingly 4. Some do die Suddenly The first reason why some liue long Is drawne from the singular fauor of almightie God in granting vnto some one amongst many that which in his heart he specially desireth For amongst all things that man specially desireth there are principally these two to wit health and wealth For wealth a man will bestow all his wits all his indeuor all his labour all his friends and whatsoeuer else he possibly can deuise but for health and that he may liue long he will bestow all his wealth that was so industriously so laboriously gotten and be contented to be counted a foole yea a forlorne wretch and to be indeede a begger at euerie mans doore all the dayes of his life To be breefe as chastity is a singular gift of God to one amongst ten thousand so long life is a singular guift of God to one amongst ten thousand Salomon therefore said Pro. 16.31 Old age is a crowne of glorie wherein are two goodly and godly respects one is that a man may the better the more abundantly gather riches by looking more respectiuely into the workes of God and the end of his creation For the longer a man lines in a reasonable kind of husbandrie the more his gaine and getting must needes be Although his reuenewes be but small yet if he get and spare here a litle and there a litle in continuance of time according to the old prouerbe Many a little makes a mickle following the example of that little poore pismire who according to her small strength and yet being diligent Pro. 6.6 hath against winter a great heape of prouision and being also prouidident she painefully nibleth the heads of euery graine lest they should grow and so her labor lost The Maiestie of God to set forth his renewed loue towards Iudah and Ierusalem said thus Zach. 8.4 Their men shall liue so long as that they shall go by a staffe As there is no commandement that hath any promise but the honouring of parents so there is no such reward pleasing to any man as to liue long therefore God made promise thereof to theÌ„ that keepe his commandement What temporal blessing did the Lord bestow on Dauid 1 King 3.14 for a reward who was a man according to his owne heart but long life as the holy Ghost testifieth he liued so long that he could liue no longer 1 King 1.1 nature was quite extinguished in him This was also a reward specially bestowed vpon the ten holy Fathers Gen. 5.1 to the end before the floud Thus shall men be enabled with their hands to performe the desire of their hearts in contributing vnto the necessitie of the Saints Abraham also had for his temporarie blessing Deut. 31.2 an hundred and twenty yeares life euen in his old age he was carefull to fulfill the worke of the Lord so long as he said that he could go no more out and in Length of life Deut. 11.9 saith Moses is a reward for keeping of Gods coÌ„mandements they then that keepe not Gods commandements shall be guilty of Gods iudgmeÌ„ts for the same and also for the time which they haue mis-spent The other speciall and most principall respect of long life is that such men might also gather spirituall riches For as by little and little men come to be stored with the things of this world specially if it be long continued euen so by the continuall keeping of the Sabboth by the often reading and hearing of Gods word by vsual praiers by often reiterating with thankefulnes the mercies of God such like men may grow increase most richly and abundantly in the things that concernes a better life If the increase be but as Esai the Prophet saith here a line and there a line Esai 28.10 to wit a little at one time and a little at another either gotten or saued To which purpose Iob saith Iob. 12.12 In length of dayes there is wisdome and amongst the ancient there is vnderstanding Therefore the holy man Dauid all his life long

the people of Israel froÌ„ Egypt to Canaan was through the most vaste deep and dangerous places of all the world and sometimes through goodly valleyes by pleasant riuers and such like places of contentment sometimes in great penurie scarcenesse of all good things and sometimes in great plentie of euerie thing thus with vncertainties mutabilities liking disliking 40. Num. 33.1 yeares together before they came into the promised land not resting in any one good place one whole yeare intermingling one with another EueÌ„ so is it with gods people specially such of theÌ„ as his Maiesty knoweth will not trauel rightly the right way Moses said God led them 40 yeares in the wildernes Deut. 8.2.3 to trie theÌ„ to humble them to know what was in their hearts God said by the mouth of his Prophet thus Ier. 30.11 Although I haue striken thee with the wound of an enemie and with a sharpe chastisement because thy sins were increased I will correct thee but not vtterly cut thee off So God said to Dauid concerning Salomon his sonne 2 Sam. 7.13 If he sin I will chastise him with the roddes of the children of men but my mercy will I not vtterly take from him Whom the Lord loueth Heb. 12.6 saith the holy Author to the Hebrues he chastiseth he scourgeth euery sonne that he receiueth We haue a famous example in Dauid whoÌ„ if God had not humbled with continuall persecution it is certaine he would haue driuen Saul violently out of his kingdome The third reason why some do die languishingly As the former proceeded from the mercie of God towards those whom he would reforme so in this we shall finde the ineuitable iustice of God vpon the wicked euery way disabling and putting them downe from their intents and enterprises keeping them at a low rate and as it were at a scantling He deales with them as with the house of Ioab the murtherer 2 Sam. 3.23 neuer without running issues neuer without the leprosie or one that leaneth on a staffe or doth fall on the sword or lacketh bread So God said he would deale with the people Israel if they would not keepe his commandemeÌ„ts in these words The Lord wil make thy plagues wonderfull and of long continuance Deut. 28.59 sore diseases and of long durance Such a writing was brought to Iehoram King of Iudah from the Lord because of his Idolatrie contayning this effect Thou shalt be in great diseases 2 Chro 21.12 to 16. 2 King 15.5 in thy boweles day by day Ahaziah King of Iudah was disabled with a leprosie for euer The fourth reason why some do die suddenly or instantly hath these two respects The first respect is the matter wherewith they die Some die with old age as did Dauid some with long endured sicknesse some with the eminency of the place which ministreth present danger and death as a ship against the rocks a wildernesse of wilde beasts a storehouse of gunpouder Sometimes in respect of Gods sudden decree because the Lords breath is in his nostrels Sometimes being occasioned from a naturall cause which learned PhysitioÌ„s say doth arise ab apoplexia a stoppage in the head or Ã vomida pulmonuÌ„ a suffocation in the lungs or else Ã sincope vel cardiaogmo from the stomacke or heart All which is common both to good and bad men to the iust and vniust and that which neuer giues warning nor knowledge any manner of way formerly to be preuented by physicke and therefore rightly called Mors repentina a sudden and an vnprouided death The second respect is the manner or difference betwixt both The bad and vniust man dieth suddenly how long soeuer he liueth and what warning soeuer he hath Mat. 25.3 because of his vnpreparednesse like the foolish virgins or like the vniust and carelesse steward The good and vpright man who feares the Lord and rules himselfe according to his lawes is alwaies vpon his guard like the good householder who knowes on a night suddenly his house shall be broken vp and like those wise virgins alwaies in a readinesse euer looking for death This reseÌ„blance of both was in the old world Noah was well prepared the rest were nothing at all The eight vses that we are to make of this doctrine concerning the naturall death which is the common death and the generall visitation of all men The first vse concerning the naturall death It serueth to reproue old men who either idlely or riotously speÌ„d their patrimonies and their parents portions The holy Prophet Hosea saith Hose 7.9 Gray haires are here and there vpon him and he knowes it not to wit the aged man considers not the old man whose life is almost ended remembers not he thinkes vpon time enough to be getting and sparing which is yet left behinde he deuiseth vpon many more yeares so goeth on vntill his streÌ„gth faileth him and he purposeth to bring many matters vnto good effect euen by his wits when as indeede with his strength his senses will faile him Therfore Ieremy the Prophet said Lam. 3.27 It is good for a man to beare the yoke in his youth It is expedient that he do take paines in his profession while he may lest when he should giue he be enforced to take Salomon not onely for matters of saluation but also for matters of this life doth exhort very earnestly particularly plainly Eccle. 12.1.2 to 8. thus RemeÌ„ber thy maker in thy youth whiles the euil dayes come not nor the yeares approch wherein thou shalt say I haue no pleasure in them To conclude with that patheticall saying of Saint Paul 1 Timo. 5.8 If there be any man that prouideth not for his owne namely for them of his household he denieth the faith and is worse then an infidell the honorable age is not that which is measured by time neither that which is measured by the number of yeares but wisdome is the gray haire Wisd 4.7.8 an vndefiled life is the old age As if he had said It is not the age of any man how old soeuer that deserues reuerence and speciall account amongst men but it is the knowledg of God and an vnreproueable life The second vse concerning the naturall death It serueth to reproue those who by their ouer much care and excessiue labors haue gotten much wealth alway getting euer sparing neuer spending accounting from ten to the hundred and from the hundred to the thousands for euery of their children yea and many times hauing neither sonne nor daughter they know not for whom and yet in all this time and amongst all this wealth hauing nothing at all for themselues against the day of the Lord hauing indeede neither oyle nor lampes Much like the gluttoÌ„ that fared deliciously euery day Luk. 16.19 gorgeously apparelled but inwardly for his soule he was more miserable then any and as the poore begger at his doore outwardly So commonly

at deathes doore the wicked parteth with all ioyes and there the godly receiues it The third vse concerning the naturall death It serueth to reproue all such parents who hauing a sonne or a daughter taken from them by death in his minority they do not take to heart nor thinke the extraordinary care the greedy griping the intollerable shiftes and the manifold deuices which they vsed to get worldly wealth and preferments for him So that they euer kept from their heart or for the most part all conscionable care of trayning him vp in the feare and nurtour of the Lord so as he might be a necessary member in Church or comon wealth They consider not neither can they be made to thinke much lesse to beleeue that God tooke him away for their punishment And for this cause also God takes away another and so another of their best and dearest children leauing such parents either none at all or else such as are gracelesse and without hope to be any comfort vnto them If parents out of their naturall affection or out of Gods word would but imagine what a dolefull day what a sorrowfull sight and a galling griefe it would be vnto them to see one child after another suffer the bitter paines and pangs of death then being dead to be doubtfull of their saluation such parents might the better and the sooner see take knowledg of their sinnes towards their poore children and so by true repentance be turned vnto the Lord. The fourth vse concerning the naturall death It serueth to reproue those who out of their ouer abounding naturall affection towards their children are neuer prepared to part with their children no not though they be to change their company for the company of God himselfe and the company of others their brothers and sisters for the company of the holy Saints and Angels in heauen And their worldly riches for the true treasures purchast by the precious bloud of Iesus Christ And this because that either they want knowledge or faith The fift vse concerning the naturall death It serueth to reproue those who liue so securely and so carelesly as if they had made a couenant with death vntill an appointed day or as if they could keepe death away so long as they would or at least giue themselues lawfull warning Vpon these comes the day of the Lord suddenly not in respect of God but in respect of themselues being vnprouided By how much they want of that they should haue against his coming or by how little they feare death by so much the more terrible and fearefull death is vnto them The sixth vse concerning the naturall death It serueth to reproue those who arrogate to much vnto the worthinesse of the meanes attributing that vertue vnto them which indeede is due vnto God as in the time of sicknesse to physicke surgery and such like No maruell though they languish in their diseases and no man able to helpe theÌ„ What was the ouerthrow of so many thousands of the Israelits the taking away of the Arke of God by the Philistines 1. Sam. 4.5 was it not because they relied to much vpon the arke as appeared by their shooting and loud reioycing as though heauen and earth rang together Ieremie speaketh of them at another time how they vanted and boasted of their temple saying Ier. 7.4 The temple of the Lord the Temple of the Lord therefore the Lord gaue their Temple to be ransacked and ruinated by Nebuchadnezzar king of Babylon Dan. 1.1.2 Ieremie likewise speaking of the pride and presumptusnesse of the Egyptians who in their strength and multitude of their men concluded most infallibly the vtter ouerthrow of the people of Israel Ier. 46 7. They come saith he like floods and riuers with raging horses swift chariots Blackemores and Libians to shoote and to beare shields yet all in vaine The seuenth vse concerning the naturall kind of death It serueth to reproue those who do derogate from the worthinesse of the meanes which God in his mercie hath ordained in his Church and common-wealth to be in him and for him or as in his stead helpers comforters vnto his people as in the time of sicknesse not to seek to the PhysitiaÌ„ they rather scoffe and scorne them and they deride their profession These indeed as the former are accessarie to their owne coÌ„tinuall diseases languishing maladies and in the end to their owne death not because that they thereby do directly shorten their liues but because that they do frustrate so much as in theÌ„ lieth the holy ordinaÌ„ces of God which are ioyned with his decree The eight vse concerning the naturall death It serueth to reproue those who run into eminent dangers places of contagion they auoid not when they may conuemently outragious elements as fire water and such like or enterprise to performe actions which stand not either with their wits or with their abilities The 3. generall sort manner or kind of death to wit the vnnaturall death The vnnatur all death is that which is more violent more abhorring nature more crosse and contrarie to the lawes ordinances of God A kind of death which proceedeth from mans selfe or rather a death instigated by the diuell meerely derogatiue to the Maiestie of Gods gouernment dishonourable to his name by the reuealed word impeachfull to the saluation of the soules of such An vntimely and an vnseasonable death Vnder this kind of death there are 4. other inferior sorts First when a man killeth himselfe vnawares or against his will as Ahaziah king of Israel did with a fall 2. King 1.6 Secondly when a man kils himselfe wittingly and willingly 1 Sam. 31.4 2. Sam. 17.23 1. King 16.18 as Saul did with his owne sword as Achitophel hanged himselfe and as Zimry did that burnt himselfe Thirdly when a maÌ„ is killed by another vnwittingly and vnwillingly not hauing hated him before Nu. 35.22 Ios 20.1.2.3 for whose saftetie God appointed cities of refuge Fourthly when a man is wittingly and willingly killed by another 2. Sam. 3.27 2. Sam. 20.10 as Abner was by Ioab and as Amasa was The first question concerning the maner of the vnnaturall death Why it is or how it comes to passe that some vnwittingly and vnwillingly do kil and destroy themselues yea with their act and deed some hang themselues some burne themselues some drowne themselues and such like manner of vnnaturall death This kind of vnnaturall executions happeneth many times on the iust as well as on the vniust vpon the wise as vpon the foolish vpon the rich as vpon the poore The answer therefore is twofold one concerning the vngodly the other concerning the godly That which concernes the vngodly is when any such man or woman vnwittingly puts or brings himselfe into perillous places puts himselfe to death by his owne act and deed It proceedeth from the vpright iustice of God ruling and ouer-ruling man how

life of another As a king that is to gouern a kingdom must be powerful and seuere in the execution of instice against the mightie and readie to minister mercie to the needie and distressed euen so the Maiestie of this eternall King hauing the whole world to guide and to gouerne must be powerful and seuere To which effect he faith by his Prophet Ier emie Feare ye not him faith he Ier. 5.22 who hath placed the sand for the bounds of the sea by a perpetuall decree that it cannot passe Againe he said Cannot I do with you Ã² Israel as this Potter Ier. 18.6 The holy Prophet Ezekiel speaking of his predominaÌ„t power ouer the wicked faith after this manner Ezech. 6.7 I will take the bloud out of his mouth his abhomination froÌ„ amongst his teeth The same prerogatiue our Sauiour Christ manifesteth himselfe to haue in his speech to his Disciples If any man saith he Mar. 11.3 do say vnto you Why loose ye the Colt say ye vnto them The Lord hath need and they will straight way let it go As if he had said Do but tell them of me vse but my name and they shall haue no power to withstand you The second question why God doth conceale the time of mans departure out of this life Why doth he keepe it secret to himselfe This seemes to be hard iustice that a matter of so great importance should be hid Eccl. 9.12 No man knoweth his time saith Salomon but is suddenly taken as a fish or as a bird Dan. 12.4 It is shut vp and sealed vnto theend of the time appointed said Daniel Gen. 27.2 I know not the day of my death said the holy Patriarch Isaac And as Saint Luke said to the disciples concerning the restoring of Christs kingdome It is not for you to know the times seasons which God hath rescrued in his owne power Act. 17. euen so is it not for any man to know the time and season of his departure out of this life I conclude this question with the forewarning of Saint Paul to Timothie in these words Put away foolish and vnlearned questions knowing that they ingender strife There are three speciall and diuine reasons why the time of death is concealed The first reason is That euerie man should stand vpon his guard lest the enemie come suddenly Watch and pray therefore said our Sauiour Christ Iesus Saint Luke knowing the manner of death exhorts to watchfulnesse in these words Luk. 12.35.36.37.38 Let your loynes be girded about and your lights burning and ye your selues like vnto men that wait for their maisters God told Moses where he should die but he told him not the time and why because he as all other men should stand vpon his watch or guard Deu. 28.66 Thy life saith the Lord shall hang before thee and thou shalt feare both day and night and shalt haue none assurance of thy life The second reason why the time of death is concealed It is for the continuall good of all succeeding ages that the one ought to prouide for the other Therefore specially it is said by Salomon Eccl. 1.4 One generation passeth and another cometh as of heauenly so in some proportion of earthly which made Christ to say One soweth and another reapeth Ioh. 4.37 Were it that some might know the time of their departure they would not renue any thing that might be for them that should come after partly through malice and enuie and partly through extreme idlenesse or superfluous expences The third reason why the time of death is concealed That all men should carefully conueniently vse the meanes for life which God hath appointed in his Church Whereas if they knew the exact time of their departure they wold hold it friuolous to vse any of those good means which his holy Maiesty hath inserted annexed to the decree for the time of mans departure So should the ordinance of God concerning the vse of his creatures be made frustrate and those his exceeding good creatures stand of none effect The fourth reason why the time of death is concealed If the time of death were knowne to some they would liue very desperately and damnably for many yeares and the more neare to the time of their death they would grow the more sad sorowfull and heauy and into such intollerable passions as would driue them into desperation or at least into an vnwilling and a most gracelesse striuing with death in a sort against God himselfe Therefore Moses said Deu. 29.29 Secret things belong to the Lord our God but the thing reuealed belong vnto vs and to our children for euer Besides these two questions which formerly you haue heard there arise out of this doctrine concerning the timelinesse of death three obiections First if God haue so resolutely decreed vpon the verie day and houre of euery mans departure To what end shall a man vse indeuor or any of the best meanes for the preseruation of life The first answer for the vse of meanes to preserue life As almightie God hath decreed the time of death so withall he hath annexed and commanded religious and pertinent meanes for the preseruation of life vntill the time come As for example The people vnder Moses and AaroÌ„ might haue perished in a naturall contagion of the leprosie therefore God commaÌ„ded that the whole might be singled and seuered from the sicke and infected Leuit. 13.1.2.3.4 The same people might haue bene destroyed in the iudgment which God had prepared for others therefore God commanded some saying Separate your selues from the tents of Corah Numb 16.1.2 2 King 10.23 Dathan and Abiram Iehu the King said Search see whether there be any of the Lords seruants amongst the seruants of Baall lest they be also destroyed with them Good men may perish in the outrage of the wicked Mat. 2.12.13 therefore God forewarned the wise men to depart home another way And Saul said to the Kenites 1 Sam. 15.6 Depart from amongst the Amalekits lest I destroy you with them That vertuous woman so highly in the fauor of God might haue bene famished in that seuen yeares of dearth 2 Kings 10.23 had not God forewarned her by his Prophet that she should shift for her selfe and her houshold in due time All men by the iustice of God for their sinne might lawfully be destroyed together in this or that plague or vengeance yet he hath in his mercie forewarned some and so doth to saue theÌ„selues with the vse of meanes which he hath commended and commanded in his Church And withall in the vse of the same meanes or the like to preserue very reprobates froÌ„ the plagues which falle vpon their fellowes to the end they may liue vnto the time which he hath decreed for their death in which their sinnes will be full ripe As may appeare in the foure recited examples The second

answer for the vse of means to preserue life Is the practise of holy men who were moued by the Spirit of inspiratioÌ„ as of Dauid the King and Prophet who although he had the word and promise of Almightie God for victorie against the Philistins yet he knowing the right rule of Gods will in his word and promise determined with himselfe to vse warlike meanes and therefore came vpon them valiantly with an alarum from the mulberrie trees 2 Sam. 5.25.24 So did Gedeon politickly and valiantly come vpon the Midianites with his 300. men only Iudg 7.16.17.18 hauing in sted of swords staues pitchers and lamps Ichoiada the priest though he did know that his cause and his butines was the Lords yet he gaue commandement vnto the Captaines to vse speares and shields which he gaue them 2 King 11.10.11 As the seruants of Benadab the King said to their maister when they were ouercome by the King of Israel We haue heard that the Kings of Israel are mercifull 1 King 20.31 we pray thee let vs put on sackcloth about our loynes and ropes about our necks and let vs go to the King of Israel it may be he will saue thy life So likewise we must all conclude and agree for the vse of all kind sorts manners of good meanes who can tell whether the Lord our King and our God will saue vs in the vse of meanes or not As Daniel said to his keeper Da. 1.12 Proue vs ten dayes let vs haue pulse to eate water to drinke so in like maner let vs say to our selues and to whom else soeuer Proue the meanes trie what God vouchsaseth to do thereby Although Saint Paul knew that neither he nor any one of his company should perish in that dangerous voiage yet he said vnto the mariners Except these tarie in the ship Act. 27.23 to 52. they cannot be saued as if he had said We and they haue one meanes of life let vs vse it and God will giue good issue thereunto Saint Paul also knew by the Spirit of inspiration and by the reueiled word of God that no man should die before his day yet he commanded Timotheus to vse wine for his stomacke sake and his often infirmities 1 Tim. 5.23 As the Gibeonites being leaft-handed vsed to sling stones whereby they became so skilfull that they could sling at an haire and not faile Iud. 20.16 euen so Gods people are to be so skilfull in the vse of meanes froÌ„ the least to the greatest that they may preserue life The third answer for the vse and meanes to preserue life Is proued by the practise also of holy women as that vertuous woman of Tekoha 2 Sam. 14.14 who importunately intreated King Dauid for the life of Absalon his sonne The Shunamitish woman being of great estimation and hauing her onely sonne dead 2 King 18.19.20 most labouriously vsed the helpe of Elisha the Prophet if it were possible to haue him restored to life As the inhabitants of Gibea though they were leaft-handed Iudg. 20.16 could sling a stone at an haires breadth and faile not euen so must Gods children labor to be skilfull in the vse of al good meanes for the preseruation of life The fourth answer for the vse of meanes to preserue life Is the practise of almightie God himself who vsually doth annexe the vse of meanes with his decree concerning the time as well for the destroying of life as for the preseruing of life whereby the one be not shorter nor the other longer Sometimes he vseth weake or small meanes to bring mightie things to passe and that for the manifestation of his mercy and readinesse for the chearing vp of such as were weake and miserable 2 Cro. 14.11 as Asa the King of Iudah said in his prayers vnto God being miserably distressed It is nothing with thee to helpe with many or with no power Likewise Gedeon with his 300 meÌ„ presumed vpon the promise of God Iudg. 7.16.12.18 to giue the onset to many royall armies at one time of the Midianites Ifrael had victory against the Philistims 1 Sam. 13.19 without speare or shield Sometimes God vseth base or as it may be said by a phrase of speech foolish meanes that thereby he might confound the wisedome of the wise So did he command Iosua to compasse the great and inuincible citie Ierico seuen times Iosua 16.11 to 8. sounding out their rams hornes and with the same to throw downe the wals and to open their gates of iron brasse Somtimes he vseth miraculous means 1 Sam. 14.15 There was feare in the hoast of the Philistims amongst all the peope the garrison also and they that went out to spoyle were afraid themselues the earth trembled for it was stinken with feare by God He vseth miraculous meanes for the manifestation of his inexpugnable power as at the winning of that royall citie of Gibeon Iosua 10.11.12 whereat fine Kings and their armies were discomfited in one day Iosua being the Lord Generall of Israel whereof some with the sword some with stones from heauen Sometimes his Maiesty vseth physical means as that plaister of figs which Hezechiah 2 King 20.7 was commanded to take for his plague sore Sometimes he worketh the good of his people euen by no means as he himselfe said by the Prophet Hosea I will not saue them by bow Hos 1.7 not by sword nor by battell nor by horses nor by horsemen but I will saue them by the Lord their God As if he had said Naturall worldly men shall not impute the deliuerance of my people vnto possible meanes on earth but it shall be done beyond all expectation cleane contrarie to the vse of reason besides the capacity of the most wise in the world The fifth answer for the vse of meanes to preserue life There is in euerie man both good bad by the instinct of nature an intollerable affected pronenesse to vse all sorts and all kinds of meanes for the preseruation of life drawne originally from a naturall manner of feare such as was in Adam who hauing in his owne conscience deserued death Gen. 3.8.9.10 fled and hid himselfe So Caine hauing murthered his brother durst not for feare of punishment acknowledge his offence and when senteÌ„ce was pronounced against him Gen. 4.13.14 he feared death exceedingly which made him to expostulate with God in a most desperate manner Act. 27.1 to 21. Saint Paul his company in that most dangerous voyage were maruellous fearefull which made them to labour and to vse all meanes possibles for their liues The heathen sailers with Ionas to Tarshis in that great outragious tempest Ion. 1.1 to 8. spared not their best commodities but threw them into the sea to lighten the ship and laboured innarrably and all with the feare of death So in like manner holy men such as were indeed the

more then it may be truly said that a man performing the will of God in some speciall matter is a meane thereby to lengthen his life but onely by a phrase of speech So it was said to Ebedmelech the Blackmore Thy life shal be a prey vnto thee Iere. 39.16.17 because of the fauor thou didst shew to Ieremy The sixth answer concerning him that doth neglect or contemne meanes If the diligent vse of the meanes be a prolonging of life and the neglect thereof be a shortning of life then of necessity it must be granted that there is an inseparable vertue and an inherent qualitie of sauing life in the means and that were no lesse sinne then sacrilidg arrogating to the creature by derogating from the creator or as absurdly to say 2 King 6.6 Gen. 7.7 that Elisha his bough caused iton to swim or that Noahs arke caused some of all sorts of creatures to come into it Thus did that proud and prophane Philistine 1 Sam. 17.45 presumptuously challenging all Israel crusting in his greatnesse in his speare in his shield but Dauid manfully met him with his sling and his shepheards crooke trusting in the vertue and power of God whom he did serue The Lord speakes vnto wicked meÌ„ trusting to the means by the mouth of his Prophet Dauid I said Psal 89.43 I will turne backe the edge of the sword as if he had said When the wicked thinke with their instrumeÌ„ts of death to destroy my people I will take away their force they shall not cut nor hurt Iere. 6.22 So he saith to the same purpose I wil turne backe the weapons of warre that are in their haÌ„ds The Lord makes question by his Prophet Ieremie thus Is there no balme in Gilead Iere. 9. is there no physicke there why then is not the health of my people recouered As if he had said That pretious medicinable balme and those people skilfull in Gilead of all others in the world shall do no good on them to whom I deny the vertue therof these licors oyntmeÌ„ts such like the most exquisite physitions shall not preuaile Againe he saith by his Prophet Ezechiel Eze. 5.16 I will breake the staffe of bread to wit I will take away the vertue and efficacy euen of their daintiest foode To which purpose Hosea the Prophet said They shall eate and not haue enough to wit Hose 4.10 those which do relie wholly vpon the meanes shall faile of their expectation Likewise said Micha the Prophet All hands shall be weake Mich. 6.14 and all knees shal be weake as water to wit those valiant and mightie men that do depend vpon their strength when they come to the push shall faile of their purpose for they shall not be able to stand of themselues vpoÌ„ their feete because the Lord hath disabled them Againe the Lord saith vnto all such by the mouth of his Prophet Ezechiel Ezech. 7.17.39.3 I will strike thy bow out of thy left hand and thine arrowes out of thy right hand as if he had said How ready soeuer the wicked be prepared against the faces of the godly yet they shall not do the least harme The same in effect he saith by the mouth of Haggai the Prophet Hagg. 1.6 Ye haue sowne much and bring in little ye eate but ye haue not enough ye drinke but ye are not filled ye cloath you but you be not warme and he that earneth wages puts it in a bottomlesse bagge To conclude as a man may vse all lawfull meanes for an honest and a vertuous wife and yet may haue a graceles and an irreligious wretch euen so a man may vse all meanes and all endeuors for the preseruation of life and shall not be able to preuent death Because the vertue the efficacy and power of the meanes is in the hands of God and the vse onely in the hands of men As in Noah his oliue leafe which the doue brought into the arke Gen. 8.12 there were actions of two sundrie natures to wit peace and plenty and as in the ministerie of Gods word there is an action of life and an action of death euen so in this matter or meanes concerning life and death there are actions of two sundry natures one concerning God the other concerning man That which pertaines to man is the diligent vse of the meanes that which pertaines to God is to giue vertue and efficacy vnto the meanes As for example God said vnto the people of Israel Iere. 38.2 He that remaineth in the citie shall die without the sword by the famine and by the pestilence but he that goeth forth shall liue he shal haue his life for a prey Here life and death was in present question to flie out of the citie was the meanes of life which was for the people to do and to giue vertue vnto their flight was in God to do On the contrary side the neglect of that duty made theÌ„ guilty of their owne death and accessary by a phrase of speech to their own destruction yet in that very rebellious actioÌ„ of theirs was the decree of God fulfilled concerning the time of their death Mat. 2. Likewise in that Herodian persecution the wise men tooke the forewarning of of God for the meanes of their preseruation and his Maiestie gaue good successe and effect thereunto I conclude againe that he which vseth meanes how lawfull soeuer with an vnderstanding and with a beleeuing that the same of it selfe is effectuall for the lengthning of life that man is an Infidell But to vse meanes which are not inhibited for the preseruatioÌ„ of health wealth and libertie and such like is very religious The third obiection concerning addition or conditionall life If the time of death be so exactly set downe and so resolutely concluded in the counsell of God Why then doth his holy Maiestie promise to lengthen the life of the godly as is in the first commandemeÌ„t of the second table Exo. 20.12 I will prolong thy dayes if thou wilt walke in my wayes The performaÌ„ce of his promise concerning long life Gen. 5.5.8 to 32. may be euidenced from the ten holy Fathers before the floud who for keeping of his commandements did liue many hundred yeares more then any other liued after them And the same we haue in a sort truly said of Ezechias whose sinceritie was such as God vouchsafed to adde fifteene yeares vnto his life And againe 2 King 20.5.6 Why is it said by the Prophet Psal 55.23 The bloud-thirsty man shall not liue halfe his dayes Or he shall liue long coÌ„ditionally as God said to Abimelech Deliuer Abraham his wife that thou maist liue Gen. 20.7 but if not be sure thou shalt die the death thou and all that thou hast The answer to this obiection is threefold First as by a decree from the beginning is set downe how long the godly and the wicked shall

liue so withall euen in the same decree was set downe before the giuing of the law that long life should be a reward for him that kept the law and shortnesse of life for him that did breake the law when as yet he had done neither good nor euill Almightie God foretelleth the sinnes of Israel many hundred yeares before they were and their iudgements that should be accordingly in these words Deut. 31.16.17 This people will go a whoring after other gods they will forsake me and my couenant wherefore my wrath will wax hot against them that day and I will forsake them then shall they be confounded Almightie God to the like purpose by the mouth of his Prophet Esay speaks thus concerning the same people Esa 48.8 I knew that thou wouldest transgresse therefore haue I called thee a transgressor from the wombe Saint Peter speaking of Christs death therin of the death of his Saints saith thus to the Iewes Act. 2.23 Him haue ye takeÌ„ by the haÌ„ds of the wicked being deliuered by the determinate counsell and foreknowledge of God As if he had said This could not haue bene had it not bene so decreed before hand this is not happened by chance nor by aduenture but as it was foreseene good of God The second answer concerning conditionall lengthning and threats of shortning life The answer concerning the Prophets praying for and in the behalfe of Gods people for long life and sometimes praying for the cutting off of the wicked They being so graciously and so pleÌ„tifully inspired by the spirit of God could not erre so grosly as to crosse contrarie other holy men who had written by the same Spirit They knew well that God had exactly concluded the time of all men for their life and time of death and therefore they did but pray as other religious meÌ„ drawne thereunto vpon the performance of other religious duties in that behalfe towards their brethren After this maner Daniel doth pray for the people of Israel being in Babylon Dan. 9.2.3 hauing found by bookes when the number of yeares was ended wherof the Lord had spokeÌ„ by Ieremie that he would accomplish 70 yeares in the desolation of Ierusalem Therefore although he knew that God would deliuer his people out of bondage according as he had promised yet out of his loue to them and from his dutie to God he betook himselfe most importunately to pray for them and so continued vntill the Angell Gabriel brought him a direct an immediate answer from the throne of the Almightie Gen. 18.23 to 33. Abraham prayed for the Zodomites and that verie importunately though he knew very well that God had most iustly determined their ouerthrow The third answer concerning conditionall lengthning of life Thirdly concerning that addition of fifteene yeares to Hezekiahs life it is not so to be vnderstood when he was so mortally sick that his day was come to die But in such a case alwayes where such a Scripture seemeth litterally to disallow or crosse another as this doth men must looke for another sence yea such a sence as may agree with the analogie of faith It seemed indeed vnto Hezekiah as he was a mortall man and as the case stood between him God at that time that indeed fifteen yeares were added to his life Iob. 42.16 The like place is in Iobe Hauing exactly by many sentences proued the timelinesse of death and withall hauing answered some obiections that might be made in the discourse thereof Let vs now obserue sixe sorts of people who are to be reproued by this obiection of lengthning and shortning of life First it serueth warrantably to reproue those that do put off the time of their death vsing the world as if they were to dwell therein for euer Like the people before the floud Gen. 7.11 of whom Saint Luke speaketh who notwithstanding 120. yeares repentance giuen vnto theÌ„ in the which the arke was a preparing yet neuerthelesse they were carelesse and vnconscionable Luk. 17.26.27 They did eate and drinke maried wiues and gaue in mariage euen vnto the day that Noe entred into the arke and the floud came Likewise as it was in the dayes of Lot and when as they tooke his holy exhortation for mockage they eate Gen 19.24 Luk. 17.28 they dranke planted vineyards and builded but in the day that Lot went out of Sodom it rained fire and brimstone and destroyed them all So the people in these dayes notwithstanding the manifold and variable warnings of the Amightie sometimes out of the element sometimes out of the earth sometimes out of the sea and specially out of his holy Scripture these I say are not yet moued in heart to prouide for their departure or at least they haue no willingnesse or resolutioÌ„ therunto They stand as it were vpon terms with his Maiesty vntill they be ouercome surprised sodainly as a bird in the snare of the fowler These are they whose affections being alienated do iudge better of earthly things then of heauenly of whom Saint Iohn saith They loue darkenesse better then light Io. 3.19.31 And he that is of the earth is of the earth and speaketh of the earth And as God said vnto the Israelites Iudg. 10.14 11.7 Deu. 32.29 Go and cry vnto the gods which you haue chosen let them saue you in the time of your tribulation so will the Lord say vnto all such as defer the time of their repentance and amendment Seeke you help elsewhere find it if you can for I will do nothing for you Why come ye vnto me now in the time of your tribulatioÌ„ did ye not thrust me out O that men were wise then would they consider their latter end Secondly it serueth to reproue those who wilfully riotously waste spoile and spend that which should necessarily appertaine to their posteritie Euen in nature and qualitie like the wilde Boare Psal 80.13 of which the Prophet Dauid speaketh who not onely eates and deuoures all that is aboue ground but afterwards roots vp all that should serue another yeare And in the same place also likened vnto wild sauage beasts who hauing eaten their fill do tread trample all the rest vnder foote and into the dirt that no other beast may or can eate thereof If they sinne that do neglect the vse of lawfull meanes how much more then they that vse lawfull meanes vnlawfully by surfetting by drunkennesse such like which God in his mercie hath ordained for the chearing and comforting of the godly Pro. 31.7.8 Euen as the people of Laish after the manner of the Sidonians Iudg. 18.7 dwelt carelesly and so were conquered Thirdly it serueth to reproue those who not knowing the Scriptures and therein not knowing specially the absolute decree of almightie God concerning the verie certaine day houre of euerie mans departure they fret they furne they weepe they waile excessiuely for the deceasse of

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