Habit him as his Son and as a Son of such a Father by all which he maketh the full demonstration of a perfect Reconciliation and not content herewith to give vent to his Joy that it might not overpower him whilst he confined it to his own bosom and perhaps also that those who had shared with him in his sorrows for the loss of a beloved Son might participate also in the joy of his Recovery he goes on bring out also the fatted Calf and kill it and let us eat and be merry for this my Son was dead and is alive again was lost and is found and they began to be merry In the midst of this extraordinary Jollity it happens the Elder Son who had always continued in his Duty towards his Father comes out of the Fields where he had been Negotiating his Fathers Affairs and wonders at the unusual Jubilee And when demanding the occasion they of the Family had made him acquainted with the whole matter he takes it ill and interpreting this marvellous transport of Joy at his Brothers return to be in derogation from himself as if his Father was too easie and inclinable towards him but severe to himself and unmind ful of the long and faithful Service he had done him begins to Expostulate the matter somewhat warmly with his Father but the good Old Man mildly replies Son I am very sensible of and set a just value upon the long course of your Obedience and I have it both in my Power and in my Will to Reward you 'T is true I have not hitherto made such Solemn expressions of my Love to you as I have now done upon this Occasion for the case did not require it you as you have been always Dutiful to me so you have had my House and all I have constantly to accommodate you as you have never Rebelled against me so you have never felt the hardships your Poor Brother hath undergone by his Foolishness and as you that have never offended me never could distrust my Favour nor need not such demonstrations of my Reconciliation which this former Guilt and Extravagancies of your now Penitent Brother renders necessary in his case so also was I never over-whelmed with Grief for you who were never lost but forasmuch as we have beyond all expectation received your Brother again whom we long since despaired of and had given up for lost you cannot wonder and you must allow me this unusual transport for I say again This your Brother was lost and is found was dead and is alive again But I will now Paraphrase no longer upon the Parable it self but proceed to the next Verse in my Text which containeth in it the purpose and resolution which the Prodigal Son had in his Heart upon the consideration of his sad and desperate Condition I will arise and go to my Father and will say unto him Father I have sinned against Heaven and before thee And am no more worthy to be called thy Son make me as one of thy hired Servants In the former Verse we have this Prodigal in his deep Meditations comparing things together and weighing them in the Balance But behold whilst he mused the fire kindled in his bosom and now he speaketh I will arise and go to my Father and will say unto him Father I have sinned c. In the words these three specials are observed First What he resolves to do I will arise Secondly To whom he will go viz. to my Father Thirdly What he will say Father I have sinned It was high time for the Prodigal to think of returning to his Father when he was perishing by his Disobedience and had no further refuge but in his Fathers Clemency and sure it is time for the sinner to Repent and return to God when if he be sensible of any thing he cannot but be apprehensive that in the course he is in the danger of his Eternal Ruine is as certainly impendent as it is more intolerable But now to come to the particulars And first we are to consider what he resolves to do I will saith he arise and go c. There is a three-fold Resurrection of a Christian The first is Sacramental and thus we rise again in Baptism The second is Corporal and so we shall rise again in the day of the Lord Jesus in our Bodies from the Grave The third is Spiritual which is his Resurrection in this Life in Soul from the death of sin Thus did this Prodigal arise and thus doth every true Penitent arise while he here liveth on the Earth The point may be this That Repentance from sin is as a Resurrection from death this is plain by the Apostles words Awake thou that sleepest stand up from the dead and Christ shall give thee light Vse 1. Is this so then Repentance is no such easie a matter as the World takes it to be the work of Repentance is no less Miraculous than the raising of the dead it is a work that cannot be wrought by the power of Nature but such a work as must be wrought by the mighty Power of God Vse 2. And that shall be to stir us all up thus to arise for if the Soul while it is in the Body arise not out of the Grave of sin sure it is the Body shall never rise out of the Earth but to shame and confusion use all good means therefore that thou mayest have thy part in this that so the second death may have no power on thee for otherwise it is impossible to escape the power of it by no means canst thou escape the pains of Hell Torments if thou dost not here awake stand up from the dead and with Lazarus come forth And goe It was a good and Holy motion which he had of arising this he doth not quench but cherisheth and nourisheth it he adds more fewel to this fire begun though but a spark to the good motion of arising he adds the second of going I will arise and go First then learn The good motions of Gods Blessed Spirit at any time in any measure though never so weak begun are not to be choaked but to be cherished When the Lord shall put any good motion into our Hearts we are to nourish and cherish the same to one good motion we must add a second and to that a third and to them many more and so fall to blowing and give not over until at length they break forth into a comfortable flame of Godly Practise He brings a forcible Reason Whereby you are sealed unto the day of Redemption This is the only Evidence we have of freedom from Condemnation this is Gods Mark and Character set on us and seizing us for his own This is like the Blood that was stricken upon the door-posts which shall make the Lord to pass over us and not to suffer the Destroyer to come near us when he goeth to smite the Egyptians By this we are assured that the day of
Solomon a foolish Nabal a holy Isaac a prophane Esau of what sort soever he must be Deaths Prisoner Nay let there be a concurrance of all in one let Samuel be both a good Man and a good Minister c. and have as many Priviledges as are incident to a man yet can he not procure a Protection against this Officer his Mother may beg his Life but none can compound for his Death Speak we this according to men saith not the Scripture as much Wise men die saith David and Fools die Rich men die and poor too and therefore he calls both upon the Sons of Nobles and of the Earth to mind the Lesson indeed the Heathens could compare the Sons of Adam to Counters Chess Stage-plaies in reckoning Counters have their several Place and use for a time but in the end they are all jumbled on a heap in a Game at Chess some are Kings some Bishops c. but after a while they go all into the same Bag on the Stage one is in his rags another in his Robes one is the Master another the Man and very busie they be but in the end the Play ends the bravery ends and each returns to his place such and no other is the state of man We wear death in our faces and bear it in our bones we put it upon our backs and into our mouths and cannot be ignorant of it Yea the dead proclaim this Lesson go to the Earth and they that make their Beds in darkness and sleep in the dust will tell you that it s neither wisdom nor power nor strength nor friends nor place nor grace nor any thing else that can exempt from this Tribute of Nature Our deceased Brother here before us speaks this to all this vast Assembly If greatness of Spirit feature of Body gifts of mind chastness of life soberness in diet diligence in a calling Prayers of the Church would have given any advantage against death darkness and blackness had not at this time covered us That there is no Prescription against Death appears by these Reasons The first of which is taken from the Decree of God it s a Statute enacted in that highest Court the voice of Heaven that man should once die No man as yet hath breathed but he hath had his death or translation no man is yet to come but he must either see death or an alteration so hath Heaven concluded it and who can possibly reverse it The second is taken from the matter whereof all men are made the Scripture compares man to a house whose foundation is laid in the dust whose walls are made of Clay the whole is but a Tabernacle and that of Earth and that of mans building as Paul after Job tells us this is the estate of man of all men some are more painted than some but all earthen Vessels some more clear than some but all Glasses all built of earth all born of Women and therefore all short of continuance as Job infers The third is taken from the proper cause of Death Sin Sin is Poyson to the Spirits Rottenness to the Bones where it comes and where doth it not come And therefore now what 's to be done Vse 1. Surely as men that must travel stand not to dispute but Arm themselves for all Weather So must we die we must that 's already concluded young and old good and bad c. Whatsoever we be now we must be dead anon You will think strange perhaps of my pains in this kind whilst I perswade a Mortality For howsoever we can all say in the general we are Mortal nothing so sure as Death yet when it comes to our own particular we dream of an Immortality in Nature we never set any bounds to Life we do not resolutely conclude I must die shortly I may instantly this day may be the last that I shall see this hour the last that I shall spend this word the last that I shall speak this deed the last that I shall perform this place the last that I shall breath in and so live by the day by the hour But it is our duty daily to consider what it is to die what goes before it what comes with it what follows upon it For first before we come to the very Gate of Death we are to pass through a very strait long heavy Lane Sickness first tameth us which many times is worse than Death it self that renders us unfit for all Religious Services Prayer Repentance c. as being a time not of getting but of spending that cleaves the Head and pains the Heart and wounds the Spirits and leaves us so distressed that Meat is no Meat the Bed no Bed Light no Light to us that makes us catch at Death for help But alas what help in Death if not fore-thought of Oh the Misery of a poor Creature that is so pained that he cannot live so unprepared that he dares not die he goes to Bed but cannot sleep he tastes his Meat but it will not down he shifts his Room but not his pain Death saith the Conscience would end and amend all wert thou prepared for Death but to die before were to lose those Comforts one hath and to fall under those Curses that are unsufferable Ah beloved we may intimate somewhat of his Misery but it falls not within our thoughts to conceive what his fears be who hangs between Life and Death Earth and Hell thus forthwith ready to drop into flames at every stroke of Death and to sink down down down till he be gone for ever And yet this is not all When I am dead saith the Carnal wretch all the World have done with me He saith truth all the World and all the comforts of the World have done with him indeed he shall-never laugh more he shall never have a moments ease more But though the World hath done with him yet God hath not done with him he sends for his Soul having first taken order that the Body be forth coming convents that and dooms that and casts that from him with greatest indignation into such a place such a company such a condition as would make the Heavens sweat and the Earth shrink to hear it Ah beloved therefore without all delays as a man that is now dying as well as he for whom the Bell tolls though not haply so near to Death set upon two things First set your House in order next your Souls For the first you have your persons and things to look unto To begin with Persons so live with your Wives being Husbands with your Servants being Masters with your Children being Fathers as becomes dying Men exercise such wisdom kindness faithfulness mercy every day as thou wouldest do if thou knowest it to be the last day And for things mark me well hearken not to Satan who disswades all seasonable wills because he would administer the Goods by being timely in this Errand thou shalt not shorten thy days but
this life saith the Prophet all the sweet he hath fore-goeth death after he hath a Portion indeed but it is a Portion of Fire and Brimstone of Storms and Tempests of Anguish and Tribulation of Shame and Confusion of Horror and Amazement in a fiery Lake from the presence of God in the midst of cursed Spirits Thus death must needs be terrible to him but as comfortable to the Godly for it makes his Crosses as short as the others Comforts The Wicked cannot promise to himself Comforts of an hours length nor may the Godly threaten himself with Crosses of an hours continuance Death in an instant turns the sinners Glory into Shame Pleasure into Pain Comfort into Confusion Death in an instant eases the Godly's body of all pain his Soul of all sin his Conscience of all fears and leaves him in an estate of perfect happiness And happy are they whose Misery is no longer than life but woe be to the wicked whose jollity ends when death enters and whose Torments survive death it self and so we leave Samuel to his rest Well Samuel is well himself but in what case doth he leave his poor Neighbours at Ramah that the Text now speaks and it is my trouble yet better one than all troubled that I must speak it so briefly Israel saith the Text Jacobs issue Gods people all Israel distributively taken that is of all sorts some were gathered in great Troops either by publick command or of their own voluntary accord or both ways First to lament according to the then custom in most solemn manner Samuels end and their own loss and next to honour him at his Burial in Ramah The Points which in a passage or two must be touched from this part are two the first is this Samuel a publick and a profitable man dieth Israel publickly mourneth you see what followeth Great and publick losses must be entertained with great and publick sorrows Sorrow must be suited to the loss as a Garment to the body a Shoe to the foot when the cause of Grief is great the measure of Grief must be answerable This is one Principle when a good man and Neighbour dies there is cause of great forrow this is another the inference will soon follow and result hence and that is our Conclusion Good men of publick use and place should never pass to the Grave unlamented their death should be considered and bewailed And indeed reason calls for it for we must mourn in respect of the cause of such mens deaths not private but publick sins too God never beheads a State a Country but for some Treason Reason 1. If Samuel die it is because God is angry with the people the sheep be not thankful nor fruitful therefore the shepherd is smitten Now should it be thus when useful persons die what then shall we say to these times wherein men have not put off Piety only but Nature also No marvel if the Prophet complain The righteous perish and no man considereth it in his heart The wife perisheth and the Husband doth not consider it the Parents perish and the Children do not consider it the Children perish and the Parents do not consider it few such Brethren as David to Jonathan such Husbands as Abraham such Children as Isaac such Fathers as Jacob. These long and long felt the loss of their dearest Friends but now one month is enough to wear out all thoughts of a Brother nay of a Child nay of a Mother nay of a Wife nay in the nearest tyes one in that space may be buried a second wooed a third married Hitherto in hardest pressures and worst measures David could go to Samuel in Ramah and there meet with good Counsel and Comfort but now both Samuel himself dies and poor David must flie Shall I beloved speak as the thing is In the fall of one Cedar of Ramah we have lost much shade and shelter in the splitting of one Vessel of price wherein we had all our interesses and adventures we are all losers what we have lost we shall better see seven years hence than now but losers we are all losers Wife Children Neighbours Friends Ministers People all losers so that here that is verified which was anciently uttered of another In one we have lost many a chast Husband a tender Father a religious Minister a kind Neighbour in few a Samuel Speak I this after the flesh to please No I speak it for use to profit I report my self to your hearts You tell me that you have a publick loss your mouthes have uttered it your faces speak it my Ears and Eyes have received it from you and if so then see what follows if we have Israels loss we must make Israels Lamentation Let us take up Davids words with Davids Affection I am distressed for thee Brother Jonathan very pleasant hast thou been to me thy love to me was wonderful passing the Love of Women Are we as David to Saul Isaac to Rebekah sons Are we as Jeremiah to Josiah Prophets As David to Abner Kindsmen Are we by any name entituled to this loss Mourn then mourn not as the Infidel desperately nor bitterly as doth the froward but soberly as did David when Abners Death put him to a Fast Let his dearest Yoak-fellow say Ah mine unthankfulness and unfruitfulness let Children say Ah our Disobedience and Stubbornness and Servants Ah our Idleness and Untrustiness and all Ah our Folly and Frowardness who could not see Vertves through Frailties and Corn through chaff till we had lost all These sins of ours have strip'd us of a Samuel and covered us with darkness He is gone the Arm and Shoulder is faln from this our little body the sooner for our sins let us see it or else what abides us In the Body what Medicines cannot do cutting must what that cannot burning must or else nothing saith the Master of Physick It is so in the Soul too Oh that we could see it In our Friends Sicknesses we have been Medicined in private distresses lanced but in the loss of Publick Persons the Lord proceeds to burning If these wounds upon the very Head of us strike us not down what shall next be smitten but our Heart it self Well Israel laments and it hath cause What do they next That next we must hear They bury him and the place and manner be observed For the place they bury him at his House in Ramah the Ancient and the Mannor House his Father dwelt there before him 1 Sam. 1. where also you may be informed touching the Town Whereas there were of Ramahs four or sive this was Ramah Zophim in Mount Ephraim which borrows his Name from the Situation of it it stood high and the name importeth no less In this Ramah Samuel sometime lived and here he is Interred For the Selemnity of the Funeral it is such as argues Israels love and Samuels worth they do him all the Honour that is possible First Israel the first-born of Men
we may see what it was especially that touched him to the quick namely this that he had abused and wronged the love and kindness of so good a Father This was that which made him so much to insist upon the name of Father I will go to my Father I will say Father The misery that he was in as his want of Bread and other Necessaries no doubt was grievous yet all this troubled him not so much as this that he had carried himself so undutifully towards so gracious a Parent Let this then be noted That nothing is so grievous to a true Penitent as this that by committing of sin he hath offended God This was that which most troubled David and went nighest to his Soul that he had sinned against the Lord and offended his Majesty by his committing of evil Against thee against thee only have I sinned and done this evil in thy sight The Reason of this the Apostle St. Paul giveth They have not received the spirit of Bondage again to fear but they have received the spirit of Adoption Which Spirit doth make them love the Lord and fear to offend and exceedingly grieve when he is offended As it is with a true Lover towards his Beloved Now for the Uses and first we may see here a difference between the sorrow of the Godly and of the Wicked Both grieve both mourn Ahab as well as David Judas as well as Peter Yet the sorrow of the one is Godly and bringeth Life the sorrow of the other Worldly and bringeth Death And therefore for thy further establishment know if thou dost truly grieve these things shalt thou find in thee First thou wilt grieve for sins of all sorts Original and Actual of Ignorance and of Knowledge of Commission and of Omission Secret and Open for less as well as for bigger whatsoever is sin thou wilt mourn for because Gods Law is by it broken and so his Majesty is offended Secondly If thou grievest because God is offended then wilt thou grieve also for the sins of others as well as for thy own because God is dishonoured by the one as well as by the other Thirdly if thy sorrow be right it will be a Proportional Sorrow A Sorrow answerable to the sin as we see in Manasses his sin was great and his Contrition was great 2 Chron. 33.12 So in Peter his sorrow was great for denying his Master Mat. 26.75 Fourthly If thy Sorrow be Godly and is for sin as it is an offence against God thou wilt then be more desirous to be rid of sin than of any other cross whatsoever yea as heartily desirous never to commit it as thou art desirous that God would never impute it Now in the Second place this may serve for the Reproof yea for the terror of many who rest in a counterfeit and unsound Repentance For doth a true Penitent grieve more for Gods cause than for his own Is he more grieved for the offence against God than for any manner of respect unto himself Then surely such are far from true Repentance who were it not for fear or shame could be content to live in sin and tumble in it all their days And before thee That is in thy sight as afterwards Verse 21. This did add much unto his sorrow and did very much aggravate his fault Two Points are here to be observed The first is this That Gods Eye is on all mens Actions The second is this The forgetting of Gods All-seeing Eye in the committing of evil doth aggravate the sin and increase the same To come then to the Reasons First God is every where present he can be shut out of no place as man can or as the Sun can because he is infinite in Nature Do not I fill Heaven and Earth saith the Lord Am I a God at hand and not afar off And therefore it cannot otherwise be but he must needs behold our doings and our actions Psal 139.7 Acts 17.27 Secondly It is he that made the Eye and shall he not see It is he that made the Ear and shall he not hear He giveth knowledge and shall he not know Can any thing be hid from him from whom they have their being The work is known unto the worker the Art unto the Artificer the Pot unto the Potter And shall not the Creature be known unto the Creator Thirdly He it is that chastiseth the Nations as the Prophet speaks in the same Psalm Verse 10. shall not he correct He shall be the Judge every one shall be Judged by him according to his works Now albeit he shall not want Witnesses at that day yet it is fitting that himself should have knowledge of the Actions of all men seeing he will not reprove after the hearing of his Ears Isa 11.3 These Reasons shall suffice instead of many Now for the Uses Vse 1. And first this may serve for Terror to all such as live in sin what greater terror to a Thief than to have the Judge an Eye-witness of his Villany So what greater terror to the wicked than this to have the Lord behold their doings Oh think on these things you lurking Dans close Enemies of the Church whose sleep departs from you till you have caused some to fall The Lord seeth your Plots and cunning Devices your close Practises against his Church and People But he that sitteth in Heaven shall laugh you to scorn the Lord will have you in derision Take notice of this also you Adulterers and Whoremongers who say in your Hearts Who seeth us We are compassed about with darkness we need not fear Behold the Lord himself who shall be thy Judge he seeth thy Villany and looketh thee in the Face in the Act doing Vse 2. Secondly this serveth to set forth Gods wonderful Patience and long-suffering For is all sin in his Eye Then wonder at Gods forbearance who seeing so many and outragious sins daily committed yet for all that spares us Some are Swearing some Tipling some Cheating some Whoring when his Eye is on them All our Impurities Impieties he doth plainly behold yet he forbears and doth not strike Wonder at this wonder at it Oh you Sons of Men and let it teach you to Repent Vse 3. A Third Use may serve to stir us up and encourage us to well-doing what lazie Servant will not put forth his strength when his Masters Eye is on him So who is it were he well perswaded that the Lord is a spectator and beholder of his doings would not put forth his strength to the Lords work Were this well considered how couragious should we be both in the Duties of our general and special Callings The second Doctrine hence to be observed is this That the forgetting of Gods All-seeing Eye in the committing of evil doth aggravate the sin and increase the same The Reasons of this Point are these First we sin against the means that ought to keep us from sin and this doth aggravate the sin
exceedingly and make sin out of measure sinful Secondly we rob God of his Honour and give not that unto him which is his right we would pluck out his Eyes that he should not see or at least judge him to be blind To think God seeth us not is a kind of Atheism for after a sort we deny him to be God And am no more worthy to be called thy Son See how he humbleth and abaseth himself even to the uttermost I am not worthy to be thy Son nay not worthy of the name of a Son make me but as an hired Servant and I shall think my self most happy Oh rare Humility yet greatly necessary because God is good to such But as for the Proud he beholds them afar off But to come to the Lesson and this it is Where there is true Repentance there is a sight and sense of a mans own unworthiness And it stands with good Reason for the Affections must needs follow the temperature of the Mind so that as the conceit of Holiness and Happiness doth puff up a Man in Pride and Presumption so the true sight and sense of his sinful and wretched estate must needs cast him down with shame and sorrow Let us then examine our Repentance by our Humility Hast thou truly Repented Then thou art truly Humbled and cast down with a sight and sense of thy sins and transgressions But in the second place I must fall from Exhorting to Lamenting for certainly there is but small store of true Repentance upon the Earth there is so little Humility among Men and Women Thirdly this may serve for Terror to all such who as yet have not this mean and base esteem of themselves Let all such know they are void of Grace I have Gods Word for my Warrant Behold saith the Prophet his Soul which is lifted up is not upright within him All those that are void of Humility are far from uprightness The higher the Sun is the shorter is the shadow the more grace the less conceit The emptiest Vessel ever sounds loudest and the fuller the less Wood that in burning yields the greatest smoak doth commonly give the smallest heat Those boughs which are most laden with Fruit those ears which are fullest of Corn do ever bend downward when the barren bough and empty ear stands upright So those that are emptiest of Grace evermore make the greatest ostentation and crack most of their own goodness Make me as one of thy hired Servants As if he should have said I dare not I do not make suit to be as before I was a Son I am unworthy of such favour yet vouchsafe me that favour that I may belong unto thee and although I am not worthy to be called a Son yet vouchsafe me to be a hanger-on let me have a Room and Service in thy House though it be amongst the company of thy hired Servants Here we see the case is altered while he was in the House no place was good enough for him but now that he hath been a while in a far Countrey and wanted of that Bread which his Fathers Servants had he doth desire to be in the basest Office This teacheth us this Lesson Gods blessings are better known and more esteemed by the wanting of them than by their enjoying The worth and value of Gods good Blessings are not known till we be without them Thus Vision was precious in the days of Ely when that was wanting And the Prophet Esay telleth the People of Israel that the blessings of the Lord should be excellent and pleasant to them after they had been pinched with the want thereof in their Captivity yea the bud shall then be beautiful c. The Use of this in a word is to teach us to esteem more of the good Blessings we receive from God and beware of undervaluing them lest we give the Lord occasion to deprive us of them These common blessings of the shining of the Sun breathing in the Air Meat Drink preservation in our going out in our coming in use of the Senses strength of Body and the like let them be more esteemed of thee alas consider how miserable thou art without these The Lord is fain so great is his Mercy and our Corruption to deprive his Children of many of these good 〈…〉 inferiour in degree unto thy Creator And therefore it becomes not thee to speak unto him but with the greatest Fear Reverence and Advisedness And therefore First this serves to Reprove many who rainy come into Gods presence without any preparation or due meditation of what they are to say or crave Small is the number indeed of such as do Pray but smaller is the number indeed of such as prepare themselves to Pray In the Second place let this Admonish us to prepare our selves before we come to appear before the Lord to call upon his Name whether in Publick or Private You know Goodly Buildings have some Magnificence in the Gate and great Personages Text saith He arose and came unto his Father Where we have first the parts of his Repentance which are two Aversion from his sin He arose Secondly Conversion to his God And came unto his Father Secondly We have to consider the circumstance of time when he did it which is implyed in this word And or So that is immediately he deferred no time but 〈…〉 and kindness of so good a Father This was that which made him so much to insist upon the name of Father I will go to my Father I will say Father The 〈…〉 and other Necessaries no doubt was grievous yet all this troubled him not so much as this that he had carried himself so undutifully towards so gracious a Parent Let this then be noted That nothing is so grievous to a true Penitent as this that by committing of sin he hath offended God This was that which most troubled David and went nighest to his Soul that he had sinned against the Lord and offended his Majesty by his committing of evil Against thee against thee only have I sinned and done this evil in thy sight The Reason of this the Apostle St. Paul giveth They have not received the spirit of Bondage again to fear but they have received the spirit of Adoption Which Spirit doth make them love the Lord and fear to offend and exceedingly grieve when he is offended As it is with a true Lover towards his Beloved Now for the Uses and first we may see here a difference between the sorrow of the Godly and of the Wicked Both grieve both mourn Ahab as well as David Judas as well as Peter Yet the sorrow of the one is Godly and bringeth Life the sorrow of the other Worldly and bringeth Death And therefore for thy further establishment know if thou dost truly grieve these things shalt thou find in thee First thou wilt grieve for sins of all sorts Original and Actual of Ignorance and of Knowledge of Commission and of Omission Secret and Open
Prophet his Soul which is lifted up is not upright within him All those that are void of Humility are far from uprightness The higher the Sun is the shorter is the shadow the more grace the less conceit The emptiest Vessel ever sounds loudest and the fuller the less Wood that in burning yields the greatest smoak doth commonly give the smallest heat Those boughs which are most laden with Fruit those ears which are fullest of Corn do ever bend downward when the barren bough and empty ear stands upright So those that are emptiest of Grace evermore make the greatest ostentation and crack most of their own goodness Make me as one of thy hired Servants As if he should have said I dare not I do not make suit to be as before I was a Son I am unworthy of such favour yet vouchsafe me that favour that I may belong unto thee and although I am not worthy to be called a Son yet vouchsafe me to be a hanger-on let me have a Room and Service in thy House though it be amongst the company of thy hired Servants Here we see the case is altered while he was in the House no place was good enough for him but now that he hath been a while in a far Countrey and wanted of that Bread which his Fathers Servants had he doth desire to be in the basest Office This teacheth us this Lesson Gods blessings are better known and more esteemed by the wanting of them than by their enjoying The worth and value of Gods good Blessings are not known till we be without them Thus Vision was precious in the days of Ely when that was wanting And the Prophet Esay telleth the People of Israel that the blessings of the Lord should be excellent and pleasant to them after they had been pinched with the want thereof in their Captivity yea the bud shall then be beautiful c. The Use of this in a word is to teach us to esteem more of the good Blessings we receive from God and beware of undervaluing them lest we give the Lord occasion to deprive us of them These common blessings of the shining of the Sun breathing in the Air Meat Drink preservation in our going out in our coming in use of the Senses strength of Body and the like let them be more esteemed of thee alas consider how miserable thou art without these The Lord is fain so great is his Mercy and our Corruption to deprive his Children of many of these good Blessings till they know the price and worth of them and in their restraint make them enjoy the smallest blessing more thankfully and comfortably Hunger is good sawce and giveth good relish and taste to course Meats and homely Fare when for want hereof dainty Dishes are but contemned Should the Lord deprive thee of thy Health Strength Sense Sleep then wouldst thou see what a benefit thou hast enjoyed Bewail therefore thy own corruption in this kind and pray for this Wisdom that thou mayst rather know the worth of Gods blessings by the enjoying than by the wanting of them And he arose and came to his Father c. This Prodigal now puts in Practice what formerly he had resolved to do As resolved to arise So he arofe In this his practise we must consider First what he did Secondly what he said For the first the Text saith He arose and came unto his Father Where we have first the parts of his Repentance which are two Aversion from his sin He arose Secondly Conversion to his God And came unto his Father Secondly We have to consider the circumstance of time when he did it which is implyed in this word And or So that is immediately he deferred no time but presently put in execution what was before but in purpose and resolution He arose and came to his Father His arising is nothing else but his leaving of sin as formerly we have heard and his coming to his Father is his turning to the Lord. So then here we have the parts of true Repentance laid down which are in number two first Aversion from sin Secondly Conversion to God He arose The point we may observe hence is this Where there is true Repentance there is a rising from sin there is a leaving and a forsaking of all former evil ways and courses This point might be confirmed by many Examples As of Paul Peter Zacheus with others who left their former courses and committed them no more The Vses follow First hereby try thy Repentance whether it be good or no Hath it wrought a change and alteration in thy Affections Words and Actions Are all old things done away and new come in the place thereof Is there a forsaking of sin a reformation of Life If it be thus then it is well for thus it is and must be with every true Penitent Secondly this may serve for terror to such as find no change in themselves but are the same still that ever they were of whom it cannot be said as of the Corinthians such were you but now you are changed But such are you and so still continue unchanged Adulterers you were Covetous you were Drunkards you were c. and so are still as Proud as ever as Profane as ever as Worldly as ever as irreligious as ever if not worse than ever In the Third place this may serve for the comfort of all such as do find this change in them who can say as that blind man who had his sight restored One thing I know that whereas I was blind now I see Whereas I was filthy and unclean I am now washed and cleansed Oh happy is the condition of such a one thrice blessed is thy Estate indeed only let me admonish thee that thou manifest this change unto the World that others may also say How is this man changed from what he was Ambrose makes Report of a Young Man who having a long time lived in Lust and Uncleanness at length Travelled and in his Travel was Converted Afterwards returning home meets with one of his old Acquaintance with whom he had been often naught but passed away and would not Salute her at which the Strumpet wondring speaks to him after this manner What have you forgotten me It is I His Reply unto her again was this yea I know it but I am not I. Thus it becomes thee to manifest this change thou findest to be in thee that as others have been Witnesses of thy sin so they may be also Witnesses of thy Repentance And came to his Father From hence we learn In true Repentance there is not only a rising from sin but also a turning to the Lord and a setting of our hearts towards him and his Kingdom The Reason is this As by Faith we are ingrafted into Christ Jesus and so made partakers of his Death and the power of it which causeth us to die unto sin So also by the same Faith we are made partakers of his Resurrection
which causeth us to walk in newness of Life and live unto the Lord. Secondly the same spirit that doth cause us to leave sin doth bring us to the Lord enabling us to cry Abba Father as the Apostle speaketh Vse To Reprove many who will indeed confess there must be a turning and will also practice a change but it shall be from bad to worse from one sin to another As for Example how many do turn from Prodigality to Covetousness From Swearing to Cousening From Atheism to Popery From Profaneness to Hypocrisie And if these are to be Reproved then much more are such to be Condemned who turn from God to Sin from a Protestant to a Papist from a Professor to an Atheist How far are these from true Repentance What hope can they have who come short of those that come short of Heaven Take good notice of this you that have been forward and zealous but now are become Apostates and Back-sliders and hearken to the Councel given to the Church of Ephesus Remember whence thou art fallen and Repent and do thy first works or else I will come against thee quickly except thou Repent In the last place let this Admonish us to look that our turning be a true turning And as by sin we have departed with this Prodigal from our Fathers House so let us also arise with him and set forwards towards Heaven So or And After this Prodigal had resolved to go and humble himself unto his Father he did not debate any longer about the matter but forthwith rose up and went his way Repentance is not to be deferred but presently to be set upon so soon as God shall put the motion into our Hearts There may not be deferring or procrastinating but a speedy practice and execution First God is to be served before all God ever required in his Service the First Fruits and the First-born The firstlings are his Darlings Secondly we ought not to defer in respect of the shortness and uncertainty of Life Our Lives they are compared to a Pilgrimage to the flower of Grass to Wind to Smoak to a Vapour to a Dream and the like All which sheweth the shortness of our time and therefore our whole Life is little enough to spend in Gods Service But farther as it is short so also it is uncertain We have no assurance to live one hour we are here but Tenants at will and know not how soon our great Landlord will turn us out of this earthly Tabernacle We may be cropt off like an ear of Corn for what is this life but as a nest of straw and clay soon shaken a pieces Many have seen a fair bright morning who never beheld the evening as the Sodomites And upon many the Sun hath set in the evening to whom it never appeared rising in the morning So was it with the rich Glutton in the Gospel Seeing this is so we have great cause speedily to repent Fourthly because for the present thy estate is fearful the wrath of God hangs over thy head by a twined thred if thou hadst Eyes to see it thou eatest in danger of thy life thou drinkest in danger walkest in danger sleepest in danger lying between death and the Devil as Peter did between the two Soldiers bound with two Chains Now who would be in such a danger one hour for the gaining of a World But we hasten to the Uses And first This reproveth that wonderful madness and exceeding great folly of such as procrastinate and defer their Conversion to the Lord and put off their Repentnace though the Lord call them thereunto and offer them never so fit an opportunity But I have time enough to repent in say some what tell you me of Repentance as yet Is not God merciful Did he not shew mercy to the Thief at the last gasp I doubt not but to be saved as well as the precisest of you all But thou who thus goest on head-long to Damnation come hither and let me shew thee thy monstrous folly that if it be possible thou mayst be recovered out of the snare of the Devil who art thus taken by him at his will First thou blessest thy self with hope of long life thou wilt repent when thou art old but how knowest thou that thou shalt live till thou comest to be old Dost not thou see how upon the Stage of this World some have longer parts and some have shorter And as we enter into the Lords Vineyard do we not so go out that is in such a manner and at such an hour some in the morning some at noon some at night some die in the dawning of their lives passing from one grave to another being no sooner come out of the womb of one Mother but another Mother receives them into hers Some die in Youth as in the third hour others die at thirty forty or fifty as in the sixth and ninth hour and othersome very old as in the last hour of the day Now tell me how many die before fifty for one that live till they be past that age What hope hast thou to live till thou beest so old Doest not thou daily see and hear of many that go well out at night and are found dead in the morning and of many other that are suddenly slain or come to some untimely death why may it not be thus with thee how vain then and false is thy hope of long life seeing none can tell what a day what an hour may bring forth And Secondly But say thou dost live till thou beest old and art freed from much of this trouble having understanding memory sight and sense c. yet who can tell whether God will hear thee at the last gasp For what can be more righteous than that the Lord should contemn thee at the hour of death who hast contemned him in thy whole life Thirdly let this admonish every one of us to defer no time but speedily to repent Abraham rose up betimes to sacrifice his Son so do thou make hast to sacrifice thy sin Zacheus came down hastily when he was called why then do we defer coming to our Saviour Hearken not to that Crow-crying cras cras to morrow to morrow the voice is dismal But now we will proceed to the next words in the Parable But when he was yet afar off his Father saw him and had compassion and ran and fell on his neck and kissed him The readiness of the Father to receive his Son is here noted First by his looking on him afar off For when he was yet a great way off his Father saw him Secondly by running to him while he was afar off He had compassion and ran Thirdly by his kind imbracing of him He fell on his neck and kissed him To begin with the first But when he was yet a great way he saw him Albeit this be put here in the last place yet it is referred by most of our Expositors to the first time of
mercy to the Thief at the last gasp I doubt not but to be saved as well as the precisest of you all But thou who thus goest on head-long to Damnation come hither and let me shew thee thy monstrous folly that if it be possible thou mayst be recovered out of the snare of the Devil who art thus taken by him at his will First thou blessest thy self with hope of long life thou wilt repent when thou art old but how knowest thou that thou shalt live till thou comest to be old Dost not thou see how upon the Stage of this World some have longer parts and some have shorter And as we enter into the Lords Vineyard do we not so go out that is in such a manner and at such an hour some in the morning some at noon some at night some die in the dawning of their lives passing from one grave to another being no sooner come out of the womb of one Mother but another Mother receives them into hers Some die in Youth as in the third hour others die at thirty forty or fifty as in the sixth and ninth hour and othersome very old as in the last hour of the day Now tell me how many die before fifty for one that live till they be past that age What hope hast thou to live till thou beest so old Doest not thou daily see and hear of many that go well out at night and are found dead in the morning and of many other that are suddenly slain or come to some untimely death why may it not be thus with thee how vain then and false is thy hope of long life seeing none can tell what a day what an hour may bring forth And Secondly But say thou dost live till thou beest old and art freed from much of this trouble having understanding memory sight and sense c. yet who can tell whether God will hear thee at the last gasp For what can be more righteous than that the Lord should contemn thee at the hour of death who hast contemned him in thy whole life Thirdly let this admonish every one of us to defer no time but speedily to repent Abraham rose up betimes to sacrifice his Son so do thou make hast to sacrifice thy sin Zacheus came down hastily when he was called why then do we defer coming to our Saviour Hearken not to that Crow-crying cras cras to morrow to morrow the voice is dismal But now we will proceed to the next words in the Parable But when he was yet afar off his Father saw him and had compassion and ran and fell on his neck and kissed him The readiness of the Father to receive his Son is here noted First by his looking on him afar off For when he was yet a great way off his Father saw him Secondly by running to him while he was afar off He had compassion and ran Thirdly by his kind imbracing of him He fell on his neck and kissed him To begin with the first But when he was yet a great way he saw him Albeit this be put here in the last place yet it is referred by most of our Expositors to the first time of his Conversion for it was this look that brought home this Prodigal He saw him and looked on him with the eyes of pity and by looking upon him infused into him the secret efficacy of his spirit and pierced his heart with the beams of his grace which so prevailed with him that it brought him to repentance as it did with Peter which made him to go out and weep bitterly for his sins after he had thrice denied his Master Thus they make it as a cause of his Conversion And taking it thus this point will follow The Conversion of a sinner is from Gods free Grace Gods Grace is the cause of it Many pregnant Examples might be brought both of the unregenerate before their Conversion as also of the Regenerate in their falls after their Conversion for the further confirming this point in hand What disposition was there in the Apostle Paul to further his Conversion was he not breathing out threatnings and slaughters against the Disciples of Christ Jesus and had he not procured a Commission from the High-Priests to bind all that were of that way Did not God behold him a far off Did he not look upon him from the habitation of his dwelling And did he not thus behold Matthew the Customer Zacheus the Usurer Mary the sinner and us Gentiles When we were as the Apostle saith without hope and God in the World being strangers from the Covenant of promise and aliens from the Common-wealth of Israel I could bring variety of Examples that would serve to strengthen the point but I will remember you but of one more and so hasten to the Uses and that is of Peter was not God fain to look on him afar off before he repented He had denied his Master once and wept not yea twice yet shed not a tear though the Cock had crowed And the third time he denies him yet weeps not until Christ beholds him and then as the Text saith he wept bitterly Assuredly if Christ had not cast an eye on him and beheld him with a gracious aspect had a thousand several persons questioned with him about his Master he would have denied him a thousand times Thus a sinner is like an Eccho he cannot speak first to God but must answer a voice from God The Reasons And needs must this be so because we are dead in trespasses and sins as the Apostle saith and as the Father of this Prodigal avoucheth of him dead not in a swoon but dead stone-dead as we say and therefore have no more power to stir hand or foot for the furthering of our own Conversion then Lazarus had power to come out of the grave before Christ called him A second Reason why Gods Grace is all in all in the work of our Conversion may be this That all matter of boasting might be taken away for we are very ready to ascribe unto our selves that which of Right belongs unto the Lord. Thus have we seen the Reasons now let us hear the Uses And in the first place this may serve for Confutation first of the Pellagians who affirm that our good Actions and Cogitations proceed only from from free-will and not from Gods special Grace The second Use is for our Humiliation There is no goodness nor aptness in thee to that which is good why then shouldest thou be lift up with any conceit of thy self Oh beware of this boasting for whereof hast thou to boast Surely of nothing but sin and misery Thirdly Let it be for Exhortation to all such as have any tokens and signs of their Conversion to ascribe all the Praise and glory thereof unto the Lord. Say with David Not unto us O Lord not unto us but to thy name be the glory For it is of his mercy not of thy deserving Is there
or sword or life or death yet the certainty of Gods love will support him And the Son said unto him Father I have sinned against Heaven and in thy sight and am no more worthy to be called thy Son Now we come more particularly unto the words which are a Confession of sins made by this Prodigal unto his Father Wherein observe First the Matter of his Confession I have sinned Secondly the Circumstances as First to whom viz. to his Father Secondly the manner how And that was with Exaggeration Against Heaven c. Humiliation And am no more worthy c. The Reasons of this point are these First God cannot in Justice forgive except we make our Confession unto him If we confess our sins he is faithful and just to forgive us our sins saith St. John But if there be no Confession then there is no promise How can God then without violating his Truth shew Mercy unto such And therefore saith Solomon He that hideth his sins shall not prosper but whoso confesseth and forsaketh them shall have Mercy Such a one then as doth thus confess may look for Mercy and none else A Second Reason is Because there is no sound Repentance for sin where there is no true Confession of sin For the inward sight of sin would open our mouths and cause us to confess it When the Heart is pricked words will break forth the Tongue cannot forbear As we see in David who so soon as his heart smote him for numbring of the People cryed out I have sinned exceedingly in that which I have done Thus out of the abundance of the heart will the tongue speak as Christ saith These may be the Reasons The Uses follow And First seeing this is so That whosoever would have Pardon of sin must confess the same This serveth to Reprove such as look for Pardon on Gods part but will bring no Confession for their part Is this so that there is no Remission where there is no Confession Then let this Admonish every one that desires to have their sins remitted to see that they be truly and unfainedly confessed Conceal them not hide them not excuse them not defend them not and above all take heed of glorying in them Seek not with Achan to hide that cursed thing it will prove thy overthrow Be not Secretary to the Devil it is no good Office conceal not that which God commands thee to make known Sins that are smoothered will in the end fester unto Death Remember Remission is promised but upon condition of Confession suffer then no sin to go unconfessed which thou wouldst not have to go unpardoned And so I pass from this to a third Use which is for our direction For must Confession go before Remission then let every one look that as they confess so they make an upright confession Many have confessed yet found small comfort as Pharaoh Saul and Judas with many more if therefore we would speed better than they did we must look that our confession be better than theirs was Father Here we see to whom he makes confession It is not to the Servants nor to his Brother but to his Father Hence learn Confession of sin must be made unto the Lord. I acknowledged saith David my sin unto the Lord. The Reasons are these First All sin is committed against God True it is we may hurt and wrong men by our sins and bring much damage both to the Body and Goods of others by the committing of them as David to Vriah but the chiefest dishonour is against God whose Law is broken and transgressed Secondly God only can forgive sins and none but he It pertaineth only unto God to say I have Pardoned I will not destroy And Lastly Confession of sin is a special part of Divine Worship Now God will not give his glory to another he will not have any part stakes with him Thou shalt Worship the Lord thy God and him only shalt thou serve Now for Uses And first for that Auricular Confession held and maintained by that man of sin which upon pain of Damnation must be made in the Ear of a Priest by every one immediately before the receiving of the Sacrament of the Lords Supper A cunning invention for the discovering of all states and for the upholding and enriching of that Covetous and Ambitious See Hereby they come to know the Hearts and Affections of Men and knowing them they can quickly tell what course to take for themselves either for bringing good or preventing mischief for the enriching themselves and impoverishing of others Is this so that confession of sin is to be made unto the Lord Then see thou fly unto him when thou hast offended and make known thy faults to him whom thou hast much dishonoured Against Heaven and in thy sight He doth not mince and extenuate the matter he saith not Father I have sinned but I had no bad meaning I knew not what I did Neither doth he plead the instability of his Youth to extenuate his fault but he aggravateth and enlargeth the grievousness of his sin and sets it out to the uttermost 1. I have sinned 2. Against Heaven 3. In thy sight All tend to the aggravation of his fault To break a Lawful command enjoyned by the Magistrate though of Ignorance is a fault wilfully to break it is a greater but to do it in his sight and presence argueth great Rebellion From the Prodigal his Practice let us learn Doct. That it is the property of a true Penitent not to mince or extenuate his sin but to aggravate and set it out in the worst and vilest manner that he can The Reason may be this Because the Eyes of a Penitent are in some measure opened so that he now seeth sin in its own colours and apprehendeth it as a deadly Enemy to Gods glory and his own Souls Health Now we know how ready we are to speak the worst we can of those who are Enemies unto us and to set forth their vile Practises to the uttermost Thus the hatred he beareth unto sin causeth him to think that he can never sufficiently display it and maketh him so disposed as that no malicious wicked man can so set forth the faults of his Enemy whom he deadly hates as he desires to set forth the loathsomness of his own sin Thus we have seen the Reason The Vses follow And is a Penitent thus qualified Is there such a disposition in him as that he will lay to his own charge as much as possibly he can Then what shall we say of such as study this Art of mincing and extenuating sin The sins of others they can enlarge they have both will and skill in setting open to the view of the whole World in every branch and circumstance the faults of others so that many times they appear to be greater than indeed they are But in confessing of their own sins they have no such gift nor faculty than they have not done
that Golden Hesperides that the red Dragon Guarded for his Minions till slain by Hercules which all passionately enquire after the greedy Miser for Wealth the Ambitious for Honour the Luxurious for Pleasure all being Avaritious of Beautiful Apples no Labour no Danger seems difficult to obtain their desires whereas the poor Soul lyes Hunger-starved for want of the sincere Milk of the Word that it may grow thereby Convert we then our thoughts from these perishing things to a holy Covetousness after a more durable substance than this eyely Fruit which like the Apples of Sodom will fade into dust hunger we after that Tree of Life which beareth twelve manner of Fruits the Doctrine of the Apostles which are for the healing of the Nations through the vertue of the Lord of life our great Hercules pray we him to cut down both root and branch of this Hesperides and slay the Dragon which keepeth Possession and that he will please to replant us with better fruit to wit the graces of his spirit that we may grow up as fruitful Trees by the water-brooks of Repentance bringing forth our fruit in due season 34. Of Prodigality It is no Paradox to say That the Prodigal is very covetous in that all his Lavishments are to gratifie his greedy Passions that could he enjoy perpetual health and strength with the unlimited Addition of large Revenues as fuel to feed his sinful humours his luxurious Appetite would never be satisfied yet is he not so unprofitable a member in a Common-wealth as the covetous miser who defrauds his Genius to indulge his lustful eye being a Thief to the Common-wealth robbing it of Treasure which should relieve his Brother Whereas the Prodigal is his own greatest enemy others partaking of his wild Disbursements though not of his sin his whole life being as a Dream his profuse phansie feeding upon all kind of Delights which may cherish the flesh and pamper Nature till awakened by the storms and pinches of Poverty which haply makes him return by weeping cross to his Fathers house for better shelter and more wholsome Diet. O thou Almighty Giver who dispensest of thy goodness to every one as in thy wisdom thou knowest convenient for them if thou please to intrust me with two or three Talents suffer me not to be so prodigally vitious as to wanton them away upon my sinful Lusts or so wretchedly avaritious as to hoard them up unprofitably in the ground of my sensual heart but that I may improve them as thy faithful steward to the best advantage of thee my Lord and Master that when thou callest me to an account I may chearfully appear before thee not fearing thy Curse but expecting thy Blessing 35. Of Vain-glory. The Vain-glorious man is a bundle of Folly swadled up in ambitious Bravery whose airy thoughts words and gestures doth metamorphize his Soul by a kind of Pithagorean metempsuchosis into a puff of Vanity his wild phansie draws the circuit of his conceit beyond the Moon his words like wind bladders him up into a fond opinion of his frothy humor his gestures so affectionately mimical that they make him more than ridiculous Come not O my Soul into this aiery Element let not vain-glory swell thee like a Bladder in an overprizing conceit of thine own weakness but let Sobriety moderate thy Passions Temperance regulate thy Affections Humility bridle thy desires that thou mayest be a friend to thy self and not a foe to others 36. Of Presumption and Desparation The Serpent having bitten our first Parents with this infectious sin of Presumption afterwards sets upon Cain with that stinging sin of Desparation Both which are the great Master-pieces he useth to batter the Rampire of our Righteousness that so he may the more easily let in death into the heart the Souls Citadel one commonly follows the other as that little ravenous beast follows the Lyon for the reversion of his Prey 〈◊〉 the great design of Satan to hush a man 〈…〉 a carnal security that he may spend 〈…〉 and flower of his years in a presumptive way of sinning in hope of an after Repentance but if he chance to look back in the Evening of his age the Devil rouzes the Conscience as a sleepy Lyon to to fly in his face which returns him into his former way of Presumption or else exposes him to the devouring teeth of Desparation Shield me O my God with thy preventing Grace from such miscarriage that passing through the Red Sea of this World I may steer my course by the gale of thy favour between Silla and Carybdis the rocks of Presumption and the Gulf of Desparation till I safely arive upon the coast of Canaan the promised harbour of eternal Rest 37. Of Vertue and Vice Narrow is the way that leads unto life and few there be that find it but broad is the way that leads unto death and many there are that go in thereat At the entrance of the one stands Vertue in her sable dress like Rachel mourning for the loss of her Children and will not be comforted crying with Wisdom in the open places of concourse How long will ye simple ones love Simplicity ye Scorners delight in scorning and Fools hate knowledge Turn ye at my Reproof behold I will shew you the way of life though it may seem cragged rough and hard yet by it you shall enter the Kingdom of Heaven But at the other way stands gawdy Vice in her rich habiliments like Solomons Harlot curiously bedect with all sensual Invitements with which she commits a rape upon the Eyes of her Beholders her lips drop as the Honey-comb and her words are smoother than Oyl her feet go down to death and her steps take hold on Hell she opens unto them the gate of Vanity which leads into a spacious place where are Gamesters of all sorts sporting themselves with the Rackets of Pleasures and Profits in the Tennis-Court of this World till unwisely unwarily and unhappily they court their own Destruction Prevent me O my God in the day of Grace with thy blessing of wisdom that I may listen to the call of Virtue and not to the Courtship of Vice that I may creep with the fewest on the knees of humility in the narrow way to eternal life and not run with the most on the feet of Folly in the broad way to eternal death 38. Of the World As the Wilderness of sin was a place of tryal and trouble to the murmuring Israelites in their way to Canaan sufferin hunger and thirst with the sting of Serpents for Rebellion and Disobedience so is the World in general to us all full of variety of Vexation of Spirit for Sin and Transgression Some are hungry and thirsty and cold and naked pinched with poverty others surfeiting with prosperity throughfulness of flesh sticking in their teeth their fiery Lusts as so many Serpents gendred by Satan upon their Sin-bearing hearts sting them to death without the mercy of a Saviour Blessed
Life like beautiful Flowers in the Garden of the World making a Rape up the beholders Eye courting all the senses to gather them which fades away in the space of a day Let not then O Lord the Magick of these outward Prosperities so charm my Senses as to idolize such fleeting objects which glide away as a water-brook but arrest thou my Thoughts upon a more permanent beauty the injoyment of thy self that when Death shall gloom me the light of this life thou mayst beam my Soul with eternal Glory 45. Of uncertain Friends Solomon tells us That Riches take wings and fly away so doth uncertain Friends follow after leaving their quondam Cor-rival a pitiful object of Misery and Poverty whose Affections doth ebb and flow according to the turning Tides of Prosperity and Adversity as if Nature created a new Metamorphosis in their souls But happily O forsaken man mayst thou find some sure Friend some faithful Achilles who will cleave unto thee in thy necessity whose love is grounded upon some better Principles than upon such afleeting Foundation of inconsistancy Sanctifie O Lord every Condition with Contentment unto me If in thy righteous Judgment thou take from me all outward support 〈◊〉 is that I may lean more surely upon thy self though the Gusts of Adversity storm the out-work of my Body let my Soul through thy Grace retreat unto thee as a stronger Fort. And be thou O Lord a faithful Jonathan to chear my Spirit in my extremity with thy oyl of Charity 46. Of Poverty There is no greater Tryal to a Child of God than to bring him to the Touchstone of Poverty which will discover him Christian proof or not whether his Graces be true or false Gold or Brass so was the Patience of Job proved by that grand Artist Satan whose Arguments to God was Doth Job fear God for naught wherefore God suffered him to touch Job in his Estate in his Children in his Body and all to try this Saints Patience and to defeat the Policy of the Liar If in wisdom O Lord for my Souls good thou take from me what I have it is but what thou freely gavest me at first If thou strippest my body of outward raiment clothe my Soul I pray thee with thy righteous garment If thou nippest my outward man with Winter Poverty Summer my inward man with the grace of integrity that so I may appear in thy gracious Eye a right-begotten Child and not a Bastard 47. Of Prosperity and Adversity Prosperity and Adversity are two great Engines with which the Devil useth to batter the heart of man to make it malleable to his designs If the scorching rays of Prosperity will not make man forsake his garment of Integrity he will endeavour by the boisterous blasts of Adversity to drive it from him both was experimented upon Job but in a different manner God gave Job Riches for his Uprightness but the Devil made him Poor by taking them away but not his righteousness to his sorrow leaving him an Addition of Boils and Botches which made his body as sore as his soul which was grieved with uncomfortable Friends So able art thou O Lord to preserve man in every Condition manger all the malice of Satan but since there is such danger in these extreams fix I beseech thee my unstable Soul in a middle Sphere that Prosperity may not make me forget thee nor Adversity forsake thee but feed me with Food convenient for me 48. Of Afflictions Some men are so licentiously wicked that having rioted away their Fathers blessing they make themselves miserable by demerit even to feed upon sharp and short Commons till by the scourge of Affliction they are made to retreat to their Fathers house for better Provision So God oftimes deals with his rebellious Children as a loving Father with his extravagant Son who will not give him according to his lavish Appetite to make him worse but with the Prodigals Father sends him abroad to feed upon the Husks of Misery till he return better qualified happily appointing him a Garden to relieve him from starving O merciful Father since my Exorbitances hath made me uncapable of a more immediate blessing from thy own hand yet bless me O my Father in that providential way thou appointest for me so I may have Food and Raiment I will thankfully be content not repining at the Prosperity of others whose better Ingenuity hath made them capable of a greater Portion but shall account it a happiness that thy offended Clemency doth place me in the lowest forme above my deservings and if thou shalt think it needful for me to feed upon the Wormwood of Adversity to quell my luxurious Appetite Oh! may it be as wholesome diet to prepare my stomach for the bread of Life As the waters of Marah could not be drunk by the thirsty Israelites they were so bitter till sweetned with a bough cut from a Tree so are the Waters of Affliction when seasoned with the Branch of Christ Jesus to comfort the Vitals of a sin-sick soul and is as a Julip to cool the fevorish distemper of our Concupiscence If thou Lord still please to hold forth a bitter Portion to me let me receive it by the hand of Faith and drink it as the Cup of my Salvation Some things in appearance seem Instruments of much Cruelty as the Caustick Saw and knife which being put into the hands of a wise Chirurgeon are of excellent use for the preservation of life in the cutting off a putrid member so are Afflictions in the hand of God to pare away the proud flesh from our sin-swoln hearts and to dismember us of our sinew-corruptions Wise God which knowest a Remedy for every Disease where my soul is festred with the Gangreen of sin let the Caustick of thy word be my Cure that so I may come to thee though halting with the loss of a right eye or right hand Experience teacheth That the nature of Thunder and Lightning is to purge the Air of hurtful Vapours which infests our Bodies Such are the Judgments of God to clear away the foggy Meteors from our clouded souls raised by the fiery suggestions of Satan Since thou the great Commander of Heaven and Earth directest the Intelligences for the health of our bodies how much more good art thou unto our souls the images of thee our Creator If the Lightning of thy Grace will not tender our obdurate hearts it is requisite that the Thunder of thy displeasure should fright us into obedience rather than that our souls should perish so shall it be good for us that we have been afflicted He that goeth out of the path of Gods Commandments forsaketh his own safety runs out of life into the shadow of death out of the Protection of the Almighty into the Liberties of Satan where his life is in hazard every hour through the wounds of sin without the mercy of a gracious Samaritan Lord if my unwary soul chance to stray
day were we shall observe in their several hours CHAP. II. Of Christ's Indictment and Judas's fearful End ABOUT six in the Morning Jesus was brought unto Pilate's house then led they Jesus from Caiaphas unto the Judgment-Hall and it was early When the Morning was come all the chief Priests and Elders of the people took counsel against Jesus to put him to death and when they had bound him and led him away and delivered him to Pontius Pilate the Governour Then Judas which had betrayed him hanged himself O the readiness of our nature to evil When the Israelites would sacrifice to the Golden-calf rhey rose up early in the Morning If God leave us to our selves we are as ready to practise mischief as the fire is to burn without delay But on this Circumstance I shall not long stay the Transactions of this hour I shall consider in these two Passages Christ's Indictment and Judas's fearful End In Christs Indictment we may observe 1. His Accusation 2. His Examination In his Accusation we may observe 1. Who are his Accusers 2. Where he was accused 3. What was the matter of which they do accuse him 1. His Accusers were the chief Priests and Elders of the people the very same that before ha judged him guilty of Death are now his Accusers before the Temporal Judge 2. The place of the Accusation was at the door of the House they would not go into the Judgment-hall lest they should be defiled but that they might eat the Passover See what a piece of Superstition and gross Hypocrisie is here they are curious of a Ceremony but make no strain to shed innocent Blood they are precise about small matters but for the weightier matters of the Law as Mercy Judgment Fidelity and the Love of God they let them pass they honour the figurative Passover but the true Passover they seize upon with bloody and sacrilegious Hands 3. The matter of which they accuse him 1. That he seduced the people 2. That he forbad to pay Tribute to Cesar 3. That he said he was a King How great but withal how false were these their Accusations 2. For his Examination Pilate was nothing moved with any of the Accusations save only the third and therefore letting all the rest pass he asked him only Art thou the King of the Jews To whom Jesus answered My Kingdom is not of this World c. He saith not my Kingdom is not in this World but my Kingdom is not of this World by which Pilate knew well that Christ was no Enemy unto Cesar Christs Kingdom is spiritual his Government is in the very Hearts and Consciences of men and what is this to Cesar Hence Pilate useth a Policy to save Jesus Christ they tell him that Christ was of Galilee and therefore he takes occasion to send him to Herod who was Governour of Galilee 2. Pilate having dismissed Jesus this hour is concluded with a sad Disaster of wicked Judas Then Judas which betrayed him when he saw that he was condemned repented himself c. Now his Conscience thaws and grows somewhat tender but it is like the tenderness of a Boyl which is nothing else but a new Disease There is a Repentance that comes too late Esau wept bitterly and repented him when the Blessing was gone The five foolish Virgins lift up their Voices aloud when the Gates were shut and in Hell men shall repent to all Eternity and such a Repentance was this of Judas about midnight he had received his money in the house of Annas and now betimes in the Morning he repents his Bargain and throws his Money back again The end of this Tragedy was That Judas died a miserable Death he perished by the most infamous hands in the world i.e. by his own hands he went and hanged himself And as Luke he fell headlong and burst asunder in the midst and all his Bowels gushed out In every passage of his Death we may take notice of Gods Justice and be afraid of sins it was just that he should hang in the Air who for his sin was hated both of Heaven and Earth and that he should fall down headlong who was fallen from such an height of honour and that the Halter should strangle that Throat through which the voice of Treason had sonnded and that his Bowels should be lost who had lost the bowels of all Pity Piety and Compassion and that his Ghost should have its passage out of his midst he burst asunder in the midst and not out of his lips because with a Kiss of his lips he had betrayed his Lord our blessed Jesus Here 's a warning-piece to all the world Who would die such a death for the pleasure of a little sin or who would now suffer for millions of Gold that which Judas suffered and yet suffers in Hell for thirty pieces of Silver Now the Lord keep our Souls from betraying Christ or any of his Children and from despairing in God's mercy through Christ Amen Amen I see one sand is run I must turn the Glass now was the seventh hour and what were the Passages of that hour I shall next relate CHAP. IV. Of Christ stripped whipped clothed in Purple and Crowned with Thorns ABout Nine which the Jews call the third hour of the day was Christ stripped whipped clothed with Purple and crowned with Thorns in this hour his sufferings came thick I must divide them into two parts and speak of them severally by themselves 1. When Pilate saw how the Jews were set upon his death he consented and delivered him first to be stripped Then the Soldiers of the Governour took Jesus into the common Hall and gathered unto him the whole band of Soldiers and they stripped him They pulled off his Clothes and made him stand naked before them all He that adorns the Heaven with Stars and the Earth with Flowers and made coats of skins to clothe our first Parents in is now himself stripped stark naked 2. Pilate gave him to be scourged this some think he did upon no other account but that the Jews being satiated and glutted with these Tortures they might rest satisfied and think themselves sufficiently avenged In this scourging of Christ I shall insist on these two things 1. The shame 2. The pain 1. For the shame It was of such Infamy that the Romans exempted all their Citizens from it Is it lawful for you said Paul to scourge a man that is a Roman And when the Centurion heard that he went and told the chief Captain saying Take heed what thou dost for this man is a Roman The Romans looked upon it as a most infamous punishment fit only for Thieves and Slaves 2. For the pain This kind of Punishment was not only infamous but terrible no sooner the Soldiers had their Commission but they charged and discharged upon him such bloody blows as if he had been the greatest offender and basest slave in all the World Nicephorus calls these Whippers bloody
require Lo now I deliver him to your own will Much more might be said but the hour strikes again Pilate is now risen the Court dissolved and Jesus is delivered into the hands of the Jews for Execution How that went on the next hour will speak only God prepare your hearts to hear devoutly and to consider seriously what Jesus the great Saviour of the World hath suffered for you CHAP. VI. Of Christ's Crucifying with its Appendices ABout Eleven they prepare with all speed for the Execution in the revolution of this hour we may observe these several Passages As 1. Their taking off the Robe and clothing him again with his own Rayment 2. Their leading him away from Gabbatha to Golgotha 3. His bearing the Cross with Simon 's help to bear it after him 4. His comforting the Women who followed weeping after him as he went 5. Their giving him Vinegar to drink mingled with Gall. 6. Their Crucifying or fastening him on the Cross whereon he dyed 1. The Evangelist tells us They took the Robe off from him and put his own Raiment on him Origen observes They took off his Robes but they took not off his Crown of Thorns what served their Interest they pursued still but nothing of mitigation or mercy to the afflicted Son of Man 2. They led him away Some say they cast a Rope or Chain about his Neck by which they led him out of the City to Mount Calvary and that all along the way multitudes attended him and a Cryer went before him proclaiming to all hearers the cause of his Death namely that Jesus Christ was a Seducer Blasphemer Negromancer a Teacher of false Doctrines saying of himself that he was the Messias King of Israel and the Son of God 3. He bore his Cross So John relates before it bears him he must bear it and thus they make good their double cry Crucifie him Crucifie him first Crucifie him with it as a burthen and then Crucifie him with it as a Cross 4. He comforted the Women who followed weeping after him as he went along And there followed him a great company of people and of Women which also bewailed and lamented him but Jesus turning to them said Daughters of Jerusalem weep not for me but weep for your selves and for your Children In the midst of his Misery he forgets not Mercy in the midst of all their Tortures and loudest out-cries of contumely of Blasphemy of scorn he can hear his following Friends weeping behind him and neglect all his own sufferings to comfort them Weep not for me He hath more compassion on the Women that follow him weeping than of his own mangled self that reels along fainting and bleeding unto death He feels more the Tears that drop from their Eyes than all the Blood that flows from his own Veins We heard before that sometimes he would not vouchsafe a word to Pilate that threatned him nor to Herod that entreated him and yet unaskt how graciously doth he turn about his blessed bleeding Face to these weeping Women affording them looks and words too both of compassion and of consolation Daughters of Jerusalem weep not for me but for your selves 5. No sooner he was come to the place of Execution but they gave him Vinegar to drink mingled with Gall In that they gave him drink it was an Argument of their Humanity this was a custom amongst Jews and Romans that to the Condemned they ever gave Wine to drink Give strong Wine unto him that is ready to perish and Wine unto those that be of heavy heart But in that they gave him Vinegar mingled with Gall it was an Argument of their Cruelty and Envy 6. They Crucified him i. e. they fastened him on the Cross and then lift him up A great Question there is among the Learned whether Christ was fastened on the Cross after it was erected or whiles it was lying on the ground I would not rake too much into these niceties only more probable it is that he was fastened to it whiles it lay flat on the ground and then as Moses lifted up the Serpent in the Wilderness so was the Son of Man lifted up We may express the manner of their acting and his sufferings now as a Learned Brother hath done before us Now came the Barbarous inhumane Hangmen and begin to unloose his hands but how alas 't is not to any Liberty but to worse bonds of Nails Then they stript off his gore-glewed cloaths and with them questionless not a little of his mangled skin and flesh as if it were not enough to crucifie him as a Thief unless they flea him too as a Beast then stretch they him out as another Isaac on his own burthen the Cross that so they might take measure of the holes and though the print of his blood on it gave them his true length yet how strictly do they take it longer than the truth thereby at once both to crucifie and rack him And by this time we may imagine Christ nailed to the Cross and his Cross fixed in the ground which with its fall into the place of its station gave infinite torture by so violent a concussion of the Body of our Lord. That which I mean to observe of this crucifying of Christ I shall reduce to these two heads viz. the shame and pain 1. For the shame It was a cursed death cursed is every one that hangeth on a tree When it was in use it was chiefly inflicted upon slaves that either falsely accused or treacherously conspired their Masters death but on whomsoever it was inflicted this death in all Ages among the Jews hath been branded with a special kind of Ignominy 2. For the pain It was a painful death that appears several ways As 1. His Legs and Hands were violently racked and pulled out to the places fitted for his fastning and then pierced through with Nails 2. By this means he wanted the use both of his Hands and Feet and so he was forced to hang immovable upon the Cross as being unable to turn any way for his ease 3. The longer he lived the more he endured for by the weight of his body his Wounds were opened and enlarged his nerves and veins were rent and torn asunder and his blood gushed out more and more abundantly still 4. He died by inch-meal as I may say and not at once the Cross was a death long in dying it kept him a great while upon the Wrack it was full three hours betwixt Christs affixion and expiration and it would have been longer if he had not freely and willingly given up the Ghost It is reported that Andrew the Apostle was two whole days on the Cross before he died and so long might Christ have been if God had not heightened it to greater degrees of Torment supernaturally CHAP. VII Of the Consequents after Christs crucifying THE Particulars following I shall quickly dispatch As thus 1. About twelve when the Sun is usually brightest it
having taken thy leave of the World shalt better attend on Death Things therefore unlawful restore I say again restore Things Lawful dispose of and as in a Journey hasty and uncertain wait the Call Up then my Brethren and lose no time Now the Wind serves hoyse up Sail now is the Market make your Provision now is the Seed-time sow apace as yet you have all Advantages from Grace and Nature Word Sacrament Wit Memory Sense Strength c. Now apprehend the Opportunity Repent and be Pardoned believe and be saved obey and be for ever blessed If any hath perswaded himself otherwise my Soul shall weep in secret for his destruction which I know will be as certainly effected as now it is plainly threatned Be entreated then let God entreat you and once over-rule you You must die you must die but once being once dead you return not to make a new Preparation do that once well which being once well done will make you Men nay more than Men than Angels for ever And this is the Use for your selves A second respects our Friends Vse 2. Must all die is there no Remedy Then must we have patience in our Friends departure a common Lot no man should shrug at even in the Poets judgment who quarrels Summer for some heat or Winter for some cold a Thorn for pricking or a Brier for scratching who is angry that he is framed like other men subject to like hunger like thirst like sleep and why I pray should not our Friends resemble others in their death as well as in their birth We would not have them have more Eyes or Hands than others and why more days What do we make of Life what of Death Surely to the godly Life is but a Prison Death is an Advantage Say our Friends were tyed in Prison would we begrudge them liberty say toss'd on the Seas would you envy them the Haven say doubtful in the Skirmish would you be sorry for their Victory nay say but beaten with a Tempest would you not wish them at home Believe it Brethren this World is but a Sea a Prison this Life a Journey a Warfare if God hath prevented our Wishes shall he be returned frowardness Shall we trouble the Air with needless Crys my Husband my Father my Father as if we were the first Widows and Orphans in the World No let them mourn without hope whose life and death is without hope as for Christians who die living and live dying they lose nothing by death For first if we descend to particulars the body that is stript of all sinful and natural defects the abortions of sin and filled with all heavenly contemplations of mortal it becomes immortal of corruptible incorruptible there is no use of Meat Apparel Sleep Beds c. of dishonourable glorious like in its measure to the body of Christ which is the standard In short whatsoever might make to the annoying blemishing dishonouring disquieting of the body is removed whatsoever might make it amiable active honourable glorious comfortable is added the glory of the Sun will be but darkness to it For the Soul that is first eased of all the rags and relicques of sin delivered of Ignorance Pride Self-love c. delivered next of all the consequences of sin griefs guilts fears accusations yea delivered of all things which may any way import an imperfect state through an upright heart as Faith Repentance hungering after Righteousness c. And then in a second place it is filled with the Image of Jesus Christ First all the powers and faculties thereof are perfected and advanced above the ordinary strain of Nature Next all those Vessels are stuffed with knowledg love and all things else that are there requisite and not only so but the Soul is furnished with all the attendances of Christs Image everlasting joy perpetual peace a constant correspondency and communion with God and in brief whatsoever might offend stain blemish the Soul is removed and whatsoever might enrich it ennoble it and make it blissful is according to each mans measure added And thus of the person The rest we dispatch with all speed For the Estate thus there shall be nothing that shall be wanting that shall trouble distract or discontent there shall be nothing that the Soul shall then desire but there it is For the place thus There shall be nothing less than what shall be desired nothing more that can be desired what it is the Word no where for ought I know tells us The Church on Earth is more rich than Gold more precious than Pearl more bright than the Sun more glorious than the Moon but what is there to be seen Paul could not utter we cannot conceive only this we know that none shall be ever weary of it or willing to alter it Lastly for the Company there be of three sorts First Angels who shall not then terrifie but attend the worst and lowest Servant there shall be an Angel Secondly all the famous and godly men that ever lived there shall we meet with Adam Abraham c. there shall we be acquainted with David Paul Cypr. de morte ad Fratres c. Thirdly the blessed Trinity there shall we see him who hath done and suffered so much for us him whom the Fathers before and since his Incarnation so much longed to see Jesus Christ the blessed all which considered and believed what can we less do than abandon all fruitless and fleshly tears for our Friends departed what way are they gone but the way of all flesh with whom do they live but with Samuel with God Where are they but in better place and case with better Friends than ever before In stead of carking therefore do two other things First whilst Friends be present do the part of a Friend in praying for them in calling upon them and in fitting of them to death that so thou mayst have peace in thy self and hope of them in their departure else when thy Conscience shall say unto thee Wretched man thy Wife thy Child thy Charge is now dead and for ought thou knowest in Hell if not no thanks to thee for thou wast never the man that would call upon them pray with them or mind them of their Departures when I say thy Conscience shall thus great thee thou shalt not tell how to take it Secondly when they are gone to bed and fast asleep awake them not with thy cries but make ready to follow after so the time shall be best redeemed the loss and cross best improved and Satan who loves to fish in such troubled waters most prevented And so far this Use We will touch upon a third as we pass and that is this Must we all die then here is a cooler for the wicked and a comfort for the godly The wicked holds all his comforts only for term of life death ends his wealth his glory his peace his joy his comforts his contentments all his portions is only in