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ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A10184	Healthes: sicknesse. Or A compendious and briefe discourse; prouing, the drinking and pledging of healthes, to be sinfull, and vtterly vnlawfull vnto Christians by arguments, Scriptures, fathers, moderne diuines, Christian authors, historians, councels; imperiall lawes and constitutions; and by the voyce and verdict of prophane and heathen writers: wherein all those ordinary obiections, excuses, or pretences which are made to iustifie, extenuate, or excuse the drinking or pledging of healthes, are likewise cleared and answered. By William Prynne Gent. Hospitii Lincolniensis.	Prynne, William, 1600-1669.	1628 (1628)	STC 20462; ESTC S115452	103,812	122

all martiall attempts and ciuill enterprises and I your humble loyall and obedient Subiect shall still continue though not to drinke carouze and swill as others doe yet heartily to pray for your Maiesties Health and happy Raigne which God continue prolong among vs to our temporall and your owne both temporall and eternall ioy and blisse Your Maiesties humble and loyall Subiect WILLIAM PRYNNE To the Christian Reader CHristian Reader among all the grosse and crying sinnes which haue of late defiled and ouerspread our Nation and the world it selfe there are few more common few more dangerous hurtfull and pernicious then the vnnaturall vnthrifty odious and swinish sinne of Drunkennesse A sinne which if we will beleeue the Fathers nay Infidels and Pagans whom Christians should excell Is but a flattering deuill a sweet poyson a voluntarie madnesse an inuited enemie a deprauer of honestie a wronger of modestie the mother of all sinne and mischiefe the sister of all ryot the father of all pride the author of murthers quarrels and debates the nurse of furie the mistresse of petulancie the inflamation of the stomacke the blindnesse of the eyes the corruption of the breath the debility of all the members the accelleration of death and poyson of the soule A sinne which crackes mens credites exhausts their purses consumes their estates infatuates their sences besots their vnderstandings impaires their healthes distempers their constitutions subuerts their bodies eates out their liues ruines their families grieues their friends brings wrath and iudgements on their Countries decayes their parts and morrall vertues disables them for all imployments indisposeth them to grace and godlinesse and all the meanes and workes of grace and without Gods infinite mercy and their sound repentance damnes their soules Strange it is that this most vnnaturall vnprofitable vnpleasant vnseemely vnreasonable brutish base and shamefull sinne of all others which makes men odious and ridiculous vnto themselues and all that see them which transformes men into beastes and swine or carkases of men which fights against the Lawes of God of grace of nature sense and reason which wars against the peace and safety of mens soules which excludes and shuts out men from heauen and from the societie and company of Gods Saints and oft-times drawes downe many heauy fatall sad and dreadfull indgements on mens heads sufficient to amaze to split and daunt the hardest and the strongest hearts and to awake the drowsiest and most stupified and cauterized conscienses of all such who are infatuated and benummed with this hellish dropsie should so farre insinuate it selfe into the affections practise and liues of men especially in these radiant blessed and resplendent dayes of grace which teach vs to denie vngodlinesse and worldly lusts and to liue soberly righteously and godly in this present world looking for the glorious and blessed appearance and comming of the great God and our blessed Sauiour Iesus Christ as to inthrall and captiuate whole Nations to its base and slauish bondage who professe themselues not onely to be men and reasonable creatures but likewise temperate sober graue deuout religigious and holy Christians I confesse it seemes a mystery and wonder vnto me that naturall and reasonable men much more that such as beare the name and face of Christians should so farre degenerate from the very principles of nature and the rules of common reason as to be intoxicated inamored bewitched and insnared with such an inhumane absurde and Swinish sinne as this which hath no good no honour profit pleasure beauty nor aduantage in it to winne allure or ingage men to it yea so sarre to be affected and delighted with it as to reioyce and glory in it to magnifie honour and applaud all those who are deuoted and inthralled to it and to vilifie contemne reproach and vnderualue such who hate and loath it in their Iudgements or abandon and renounce it in their practise Certainely if I did not knowe the truth and probate of it by ocular and experimentall demonstrations from day to day I could hardly bring my vnderstanding to beleeue that men that Christians should so farre affect admire or odore so foule so filthy so base so vnamiable so vnfruitfull vnprofitable and vnpleasant a sinne so vnnaturall and brutish a vice as this Drunkennes in most mens iudgement and experience is The reasons as I conceiue why men are now so much infatuated with this so odious execrable and vnpleasant sinne are briefly these The first is that very inbred corruption and prauitie of humane nature which being a lawlesse and vnruely euill that nether is nor can be subiect to the law of God till it be mortified and subdued by the power of grace doth beare downe all the bounds and rules of nature reason religion temperance and fobriety and carry men headlong vnto Drunkennesse riot excesse of wine and all vnreasonable vnnaturall and beastly finnes and lusts euen with a full carere The second is the power of the Prince of the ayre the spirit who now worketh in the children of disobedience intending the lusts desires of their flesh mind and carrying them captiue vnto finne Who hath lately gotten such high praedominancie in the soules of vitious and carnall men and added such impudencie and vnbridelednesse vnto their sinnes and lusts that they doe not onely glory in their drunkennesse and grosse intemperance proclayming it oft times vnto the world with Cornets Drummes and Trumpets the common ornaments melodie solace or incrediaries of their licentious mad deboist bacchanalian prophane and heathenish Healthes and ebrious pot-battels but euen purposely bend and set themselues against the God of heauen trampling his word his lawes and all his precepts vnder foote violating the very lawes of nature and rules of reason breaking all the cords and ligaments of nature modesty temperance and sobriety as if they had no Lord no God nor Ruler ouer them felling themselues wholly vnto all excesse and wallowing like so many base and filthie swine in the mire and puddle of drunkennesse and vomite as if they were borne for no other purpose but with that infamous and drink-deuouring Bonosus for to swill and drinke The third reason of the encrease and growth of drunkennesse are those many specious beautifull popular amiable and bewitching names and titles where with this vgly odious and filthy sinne together with the Practisers Patrons and Abettors of it are beautified guilded and adorned and those common termes and mottoes of ignominie scorne and reproach which Satan and his ebrious crue haue cast vpon the graces of temperance and sobrietie and on the persons of all such temperate holy and abstemious Christians who doe in truth pursue them in their liues practise As all other sins and vices so Drunkennes is now shrowded nay countenanced defended iustified and applauded vnder the popular and louely titles of hospitality good-fellowship courtesie entertainement

stiled the Authers and the Fathers of them what euer they pretend Witnesse Pope Iohn the thirteenth that monster of Men as Platina stiles him Who did drinke an Health to the very Deuill himselfe Whose Vicar questionlesse he was Witnesse the Councell of Lateran vnder Innocent the 3. Can. 15. and the Councell of Colen Anno 1536. Part. 2. Cap. 24. Part. 5. Cap. 6. Which restraine not onely the Popish Laitie but likewise their Parish Priests and Clergie from drinking of Healthes which did then abound in diners parts and that before Luthers dayes as these their Councells testifie though they would falsely stitch them vpon Luthers sleeue by this their false and sleeuelesse story Yea witnesse Iohn Fredericke himselfe the Register of this forged Fable Who testifies That not onely the Lay Papists but euen their vnholy holy Fries Monkes and Clergie men such temperate and abstemious Creatures are they doe oft times drinke and quaffe off Healthes vnto the Honour and Reputation of their God defied Saints and Angels which practise he doeth seeme for to approoue contrary I am sure to Saints Augustines verdict Who informes vs That it is the greatest indignitie and iniury that can bee offered to holy Angels or Saints to drinke their Healthes Yea contrary to the Practise and Iudgement of the Fathers in which they so much vaunt and triumph who haue condemned sentenced and reiected Healthes as their fore-quoted Workes and Writings testifie Thirdly as the Scriptures and Fathers euen so many Moderne Diuines and Christian Authers of all sorts haue vtterly condemned and disapprooued this drinking and pledging of Healthes Not to make mention of Cromerus Guagninus Baro Munster Alexander ab Alexandro and other Historians who taxe the Sarmatians Polonians Germans Graeciaus and others for their Health-drinking nor yet to remember Brentius Merlin Polidor Virgil Bishoppe Hall or Owen who haue glanced at them and condemned them in the by as euill hurtfull and unlawfull things and Ceremonies that draw on Drunkennesse and Excesse and oft times prooue the sickenesse both of Soule and Body too Nor yet to trouble you with the Confession of one Maister Francis Cartwright who being troubled in his Conscience and lying on his sicke-bed cryed out It wounds me to the heart to thinke on my Excesse my drinking of Healthes c. which will bee the case and crie of euery Health-drinker when as the panges of Sinne and Death shall seise vpon his Soule at last I shall onely referre you to Wesenbecius a Ciuilian Who censures Healthes as being contrary to distributiue● Iustice to Lissius a Pesuite who handles this very question Whether it be law full to begin an Health and whether it be law full to pledge it and concludes that it is not For neither reason nor necessitie of nature nor good health nor the vigor of the minde nor the alacritie of the sences but another mans belly nay the whole capacitie of his belly bowels and reines are made the rule of drinking c. To one Iohn Fredericke a Papist Professour of Historie in Colin Who hath written two learned Bookes against Health drinking to Olaus Magnus Hist. l. 13. c 37. 39. 40. to Vincentius Obsopaeus de Arte Bibendi lib. 2. 3. to Maister Iohn Downame in his Disswasion from Drunkennesse to Maister Robert Harris his Drunk●rds Cup. pag. 20. 28 29. to Maister Samuel Ward his Woe to the Drunkard and to the Reuerend and Learned Diuine Maister Robert Bolton in his Generall Directions for our comfortable Walking with God pag. 200. to 206. Who haue fully and largely reiected condemned and censured the drinking of Healthes as an abominable Odious Sinfull Heathenish and Vnlawfull practise which dishonours God and man and produceth many mischiefes as these workes of theirs doe at large declare And shall wee Christians and Protestants still practise and applaud them when as so many Moderne Christian writers both Protestants Papists haue passed a Verdict Doome and Sentence of Condemnation on them O let vs neuer dare to doe it for feare the fore-quoted Scriptures Fathers and the now recited authors should rise vp in Iudgement against vs to condemne vs for it Fourthly but if these Authorities will not sway vs nor cause vs to abandon and renounce these Healthes then heare in the fourth place what Councels what Christian States and Emperours haue concluded and decreed against them In the Popish Councell of Lateran vnder Innocent the third in the yeere 1215. Can. 15. there was this Constitution made Let all Clergie men diligently abstaine from Surfetting and Drunkennesse for which let them moderate Wine from themselues and themselues from Wine neither let any one bee vrged to drinke since Drunkennesse doeth banish wit and prouoke lust For which purpose we decree that that abuse shall bee vtterly abolished whereby in diuers quarters drinkers doe vse after their manner to binde one another to drinke Healthes or equall Cups and he is most applauded by them who makes most drunke and qu●ffes off most carrouses If any shall off end hencefoorth in this let him be suspended from his Benefice and Office vnlesse hee giue some other competent satisfaction Loe here you haue an expresse Councell against Healthes especially in Clergie men together with a penaltie on such as drinke them So againe in the Prouinciall Councell of Colin in the yeere 1536. part 2. c. 24. part 5. c. 6. All Parish Priests or Ministers are chiefely prohibited not only Surfetting Riot Drunkennesse and Luxurious Feastes but likewise the Drinking of Healthes which they are commanded to banish from their Houses by a generall Councell Thus haue you two seuerall Councels against Healths Let vs now see what Christian States and Emperours haue decreed against them It is Recorded of Charles the Great Maximilian the Emperour and Charles the fift that they inacted Laws against Health-drinking to wit That no Souldier nor any other person should allure or compell any one to drinke or pledge an Health and that all Healthes should bee abolished and antiquated because they were the causes of great and filthy vices And withall they commanded all the Electors Princes Dukes and Ecclesiasticall and Temporall Lords to banish them out of their Courts and all Courtires Citizens and all other their Subiects whatsoeuer not to vse not force any Healthes enioyning all Ministers to Preach against them Right Christian Lawes and Iniunctions worthy to bee imitated and seconded by all Christian Princes especially in this ebrious and drunken age To these I may adde those notable ru●●s against Health-drinking composed long since by a German Senate and now lately reu●ued in so●e parts of Germanie which Orders and Lawes Iohn Fredericke hath transcribed out of a Marble piece in which they were ingrauen in forme as followeth Let no Prince nor Lord whatsoeuer suffer his Health to be drunken in great cups hee that

prouokes another to drinke an Health let him feare the wrath of the Prince of great Name If one prouoke thee impiously to drinke an Health doe thou piously auoide it hee that drinkes his Princes or Patrons Health let him not lose his owne If thou drinke an Health wee doe not so well approoue of it if thou doest it bee thou still a man Let Reason be thy Gnomon and Vertue thy Queene to gouerne thee Remember that Christians must fight against the Turke with the Sword not with the Cup there it is an honour here a disgrace to ouercome Let not one friend draw nor force another to drinke if he doeth so withstand him and if hee will not bee contented then throw the Wine upon the ground and if he will not leaue thee so then take him for an Enemie If thou wouldest rather displease the Lord then man and rather damne thy Soule then saue it let it be capitall to thee Not to trouble you with our owne Satutes against Tipling Drunkennesse in which the drinking and pledging of Healthes in Innes and Tauernes may bee well included I shall conclude on these recited authorities that Councels and Christian States and Emperours haue vtterly condemned and reiected Healthes as abominable hurtfull and pernicious euills And shall we not then disclaime and quite renounce them shall we not passe a sentence of condemnation on them and exile them from our Houses Tables and our Kingdomes too where they haue beene practised and fostred but of latter times as these haue done O let vs be sure to doe it lest Papists and Germans should excell vs in temperance and sobrietie to our iust reproach and to the scandall of that Holy Pure Orthodoxe Ancient and sincere Religion which we now professe Fiftly as the Scriptures Fathers and these Moderne Christian Writers Emperours States and Councells euen so Pagans and Infidels haue vtterly condemned and disapprooued this forcing and drinking of Healthes Ahashuerus that great P●sian King when as hee made his great and royall Feast to all his Nobles Princes and People of purpose for to manifest and show the riches of his glorious Kingdome and the honour of his excellent Maiestie was so farre from approuing either of forcing or drinking Healthes after the Persian manner as hee inacted a Law That none should be compelled to drinke appointing all the Officers of his Pallace that they should doe according to euery mans pleasure A patterne worthy to be imitated of all Christian Princes in their greatest Feastes Solemnities The Lacedemonians did vtterly condemne this dinking of Healthes one to another because it would weaken their bodies and prouoke them to scurrilitie wherefore they did drinke but moderately in their Feastes not inuiting any one to drinke but when he would himselfe It is stor●ed of Empedocles that being inuited by one of the Princes to a Feast the Seruant that inuited him conspiring with the Ouerseer of the Feast commanded him to drinke or else hee would powre the drinke vpon his head Empedocles held his peace for the present but the next day calling them in question for it hee put them both to death for example sake so much did hee abhorre this forcing of Healthes Horrace the Poet doth vtterly disapproue this drinking of Healthes as a mad kinde of law informing vs that euery man ought to drinke what hee please It is an euill thing saith Sophocles to drinke by force as men for the most part doe in pledging of Healthes it is all one as to force a man to bee thirstie Plini● condemnes them much who draw on others to drinke and vtterly dislikes those Lawes of drinking which the Romans obserued to drinke vp all at a draught to spit out none and to leaue no snuffe behinde them Which rules are obserued in our Healthes It is a ridiculous thing saith Athenaeus for a man to pray for his Wifes or Childrens Health and Honour and then to drinke Healthes till he fall to Beating and Cuffing of the Seruants that attend him for this is enough to cause God to forsake not onely his owne House but the whole Citie too A strange speach of an Heathen man which I would wee Christians would consider for feare wee driue away God from our Houses and our Countrey too by carrouzing Healthes Plutarch doeth vtterly dislike the making of Masters of drinking in Feastes because they were too importunate and immoderate in pressing men to drinke and vtterly condemnes the pressing and drinking of Healthes aduising men to refuse them Philo a Learned and famous Iew recording the excessiue Drunkennesse of his times How they had certaine matches and combates of Drinking in their Feastes beginning to drinke one to another in lesser cups then in greater and at last carrousing whole bowels at a draught brings in the Heathen● Philosophers disputing this question Whether it were lawfull for a wise man to enter into a combate or match of drinking Where hee produceth some of them affirming that he might so as he did it not voluntarily of his owne accord but for some great aduantage as for the Health of his Countrey the Honour of his Parents the Saftie of his Children or neerest Friendes or for some such like Priuate or Publike occasion which must needes bee intended of drinking Healthes But then hee bringeth foorth others and his owne opinion against the former affirming that this drinking of Healthes is such a Poyson as if it begets not death it certainely produceth madnesse for the present which is the death of the Minde and Soule a farre worse and greater death then the death of the Body Which reason is backed in his whole Booke de Temulentia where he and they conclude That a wise man will not drinke an Health nor yet enter into a combate of drinking So that by these authorities it is sufficiently manifested That euen Pagans and Infidels themselues haue vtterly condemned and disapprooued● this drinking and forcing of Healthes And shall wee Christians then bee so shamelessely and desperately wicked as to approue maintaine and practise that which Infidels and Pagans haue condemned shall we bee worse then Infidels and Heathens in these times and dayes of light and Grace which summon and ingage vs to Temperance and Sobrietie and to a moderate and holy vse of all Gods creatures O let it bee neuer recorded of vs as it is of the Israilites That they did worse then the Heathen that were round about them Let it bee neuer published among Turkes and Infidels that Idolatrie Moralitie and common Nature should doe more in Pagans then Grace it selfe can doe in Christians who owe farre more to Christ God then Pagans doe But since these Infidels and fore-quoted Fathers haue vtterly condemned this Drinking and forcing of Healthes let vs Christians bee afraid to practise or approoue them else these very Pagans shall one day rise vp in Iudgement against vs and vtterly c●ndemne vs to our

their Practise exiling them for euer from their Houses Tables Butter●●s Sellers Cups and Lips as the very drinke-offering and Cup of Deuils which Christians cannot drinke and as the bane the ruine sicknesse death and poyson of their soules Now what shall I say more to disswade deterre and mooue you from these Healthes then what I haue already recorded of them They are but Idle Carnall Worldly Heathenish Idolatrous and Hellish Ceremonies inuented and prosecuted by the very Deuill himselfe at least by Infidels and the deboistest Pagans in honour of their Deuill-gods or to draw on Drunkennesse and all Excesse they are the immediat vshers harbengers preparatiues or flood-gates the very Baudes the Curtizans and Panders to Drunkennesse Vomit and all Intemperance whatsoeuer they are the occasions of many Duells Quarrells Murthers Stabbes Hatreds Heart-burnings Reproaches Grudges Contentions and Discontents they peruert the true and proper end and vse of Drinking and so abuse Gods creatures they take away all Christian liberty from men in the vse of Liquors Drinkes and Wines and put a kinde of force necessitie and measure vpon men against all reason and Religion they violate the rules of Charitie and lustice in an apparant maner and oft times cause men for to force condemne reproch disdaine censure others who are farre better then themselues without a cause they are such things as neither good nor bad men can safely vse without offence or hurt and scandall to themselues or others they are such vaine prophane and Heathenish Ceremonies as misbeseeme all Christians and Religious persons but especially all Clergie men though many of that Holy ranke and order I name not any in particular are too to much deuoted and adicted to them to the ill example of the Laitie and the disgrace and scandall of Religion they are infamous scandalous and of ill report not onely among the Church and Holy Saints of God but euen among the Grauer Ciuiler and more Ten perate sort of carnall men yea among the very Pagans and Infidels themselues they bring no glory at all to God nor honour profit pleasure nor aduantage vnto men they serue for the most part to honour and applaud the Deuill himselfe or gracelesse vile and wicked persons who are oft times Deified and odored by them they abuse peruert and much prophane those Sacred and religious gestures wherewith we are to worship God and honour men they derogate and detract from Prayer and attribute that Diuine and Heauenly efficacy and blessing vnto Drinking that is due to it Whence some men to their shame and condemnation bee it spoken are Healthing and Carrouzing for their Childrens birth and happinesse when as they should be Praying for them Baptizing them in Sacke and Claret in which the Deuil-spirit Bacchus breathes before they bring them to that Sacred font and holy Water in which the holy Ghost himselfe doeth worke and mooue and so deuoting them vnto the Deuill himselfe to his Hellish Infernall Ceremonies before they consecrate or initiate them vnto Christ or to his holy and Sacred Misteries as if the Deuill were the better Lord and Maister of the two a most Prophane Infernall Atheisticall Gracelesse and Vnchristian practise the very thought of which should cause all Christians for to tremble They are things which the Fathers and Saints of God in former ages which Diuines and Christian Authors both Papists and Protestants which Councells and Emperiall constitutions which Infidels and Pagans haue expresly and the very Word of God impliedly and frequently condemned as sinfull and abominable yea they are such dangerous spredding and pernicious euills as will prooue the fatall and mortall sicknesse disease not only of the Soules of such as drinke and pledge them but likewise of those persons whose names and Healthes they beare and of those States and Kingdomes in which they doe abound if they consent vnto them not labouring for to cleanse them out by reformation and Repentance O then be willing now at last on all these grounds and reasons for euer to renounce and quite disclamie them without any more delayes And if all this will not perswade you to abandon them consider then what a solemne vow and ●●uenant you haue made to God in Baptisme which bindes you to renounce them For haue you not vowed and protested vnto God himselfe in the sight and hearing of many witnesses who will beare testimonie of your periurie if you still proceed To forsake the Deuill and all his workes the Pompes and Vanities of this wicked World and all the sinfull Lustes of the flesh which forme was alwayes vsed in the Primatiue Church and are not Healthes the very inuentions and workes of Satan were they not inuented and practised by the Deuill himselfe were they not a part of his solemne worship and seruice and were they not at first inuented and vsed to his honour Are they not a meere Pompe and Vanitie of this wicked World where in few else but exorbitant wicked and gracelesse persons doe delight and doe they not chiefely serue to satisfie the sinfull lusts and excessiue ebtious and intemperate desires of the flesh which wee haue vowed to renounce Doubtlesse there is not any wicked man nor Saint on earth no nor any Deuill or damned Soule in Hell so Impudent or shamelesse that can or dare deny it since Magicians and Pagans haue confessed it And will you then so periure and forsweare your selues to God himselfe as to violate this solemne oath and sacred couenant which you haue oft times sealed and confirmed in the blood of Iesus Christ your blessed Sauiour at euery Sacrament that you haue receiued in practising iustifying or applauding these Heathenish Hellish Prophane and Gracelesse Healthes against which you haue so seriously protested in your Baptisme will you bee so desperately prodigiously and inhumanely wicked as to proue periured and for sworne persons to your Great your Good your True and Faithfull God who is able to crush you downe to Hell it selfe and that for euer Beloued if thus you breake your vowes and oathes with God as men can neuer trust you here because you are perfidious to your God so God himselfe will surely turne your enemie and power out the very strength and fury of his wrath and vengeance on you to your eternall ruine because you trample vnder your feete the very Blood and holy Sacraments of his Sonne as base Prophane and common things and put him vnto open shame in breaking these your solemne vowes which were thus ratefied and confirmed by them O then let this consideration mooue you to cast of all these Healthes according to your vowes and couenants for feare you prooue perfidious vnto God himselfe to your iust and endlesse condemnation If this consideration will worke no good vpon you then ruminate and ponder in your thoughts those many heauy terrible dreadfull and amazing Iudgements which God himselfe hath inflicted