one that the Church admits and allows of in the judgment of charity may come without any danger of Church-censures but if they be inwardly void of true grace bee close hypocrites or unprepared persons then they will be in danger of Gods sore displeasure in case they so presume to come notwithstanding their admittance by the Church Qu. But is it not the Churches fault if such unsound professors close hypocrites and other persons come to the Lords Table Ans No it is not the Churches fault though such faulty ones doe come because the Church in admitting them did not know them to bee such by reason their inward unsoundnesse or grosse unfitnesse did not appeare either in their outward profession communication or conversation For the Church can no way judge of the nature of the tree but only by the sensible fruits Mat. 7. 1. Mat. 12. 33. 1 Cor. 2. 11. and Scripture-instances make it cleare that Church-censures were never inflicted in doubtfull suspicious or hidden cases but alwayes administred upon manifest and known grounds Mat. 18. 16. 1 Cor. 5. 1. compared with the 5 verse Qu. Well Let 's now proceed to enquire further about the nature ends and use of this Sacrament and first tell me How doe Baptism and the Lords-supper differ one from another Ans They differ in many particulars but their main difference is in respect of the end and use which they serve unto Qu. How doe they differ in respect of their generall end and use Ans They differ in respect of their generall end and use thus Baptism was appointed by the Lord to be a signe and seale of our spirituall birth spirituall life and spirituall being but the Lords-supper was appointed to be a signe and seale of our continuing growing and increasing in that spirituall life and all other spirituall graces Qu. Did Christ when he administred this Sacrament at the Table give the Bread and the Cup into each particular persons hand severally Ans No Christ did not give either the Bread or cup into each particular mans hand severally but he spake to them all jointly and gave them commission and charge to take the elements themselves Mat. 26. 26 27. 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Qu. What is the Word of institution in the Sacrament of the Lords-supper Ans The Word of Institution in the Sacrament of the Lords-supper runs thus Take eate this is my body which is broken and given for you doe this in remembrance of me Drinke ye all of this for this cup is my blood of the new Testament which is shed for many for the remission of sins this doe ye as oft as ye drink it in remembrance of me Mat. 26. 26 27 28. Luk. 22. 19. 1 Cor. 11. 24 25. Qu. What is the outward sign in the Sacrament of the Lords-supper Ans The outward sign in the Sacrament of the Lords-supper is Bread broken and Wine poured forth as also the actions of blessing breaking giving receiving eating and drinking Mat. 26. 26 27. Qu. What is the inward grace which is signified by the outward signe in the Sacrament of the Lords-supper Ans The inward grace signified by the outward sign in the Sacrament of the Lords-supper is the body and blood of Jesus Christ Mat. 26. 26 28. 1 Cor. 11. 24 25. and all the benefits of his death which are promised in the Covenant of Grace Rom. 8. 32. to such as are already beleevers as namely increase of faith and all saving-graces Psal 92. 12 13 14. Joh. 15. 2. increase of the assurance of Gods favour and love Joh. 14. 21 23. and so consequently a more firm assurance of all good things both for body and soule here and hereafter Psal 84. 11. Qu. For what speciall end or to what purpose did Christ ordain the Sacrament of his Supper Ans Christ ordained this Sacrament of his Supper for divers speciall ends but the principall end was for the quickening of the hearts of his people in remembrance of him and his death untill his comming again Luk. 22. 19. 1 Cor. 11. 26. Q. What is there in the Sacrament of the Lords supper to put us in remembrance of Christ and his death Ans In this Sacrament there is Bread broken which puts us in minde of the breaking of Christs body and there is Wine parted from the Bread shewing the shedding forth of his most precious blood when hee died for us upon the crosse 1 Cor. 11. 24 25. Qu. But what comfort can we take by a bare calling to minde the death of Christ seeing a wicked person may barely call to mind Christ and his death when he sees the bread and wine as well as we Ans The godly soul at the sight of the bread and wine upon the Lords Table doth not barely call to mind Christ or his death but doth also by faith lay hold upon Christ crucified as the blessed cause and means of inward comfort and eternall life Luke 22. 19 20. Q. Why do you desire to receive the Lords-supper Ans I desire to receive it to the end I may be put in minde of my Saviour and of his death in such wise as that thereby my poor doubting soul may bee strengthened and setled in a more firm perswasion and belief that hee died for mee as well as for any others Gal. 2. 20. Q. Will the receiving of the Sacrament of the Lords supper make you a good Christian though you be an unbeleeving and an ungodly person when you come to it Ans No the receiving of the Sacrament will not make me a beleever For if I bring no faith other graces with me I shall carry none away and if I come an ungodly person thither I shall go away again as bad if not worse then I came 1 Cor. 11. 27 29. Qu. But how then must worthy Communicants be qualified must they needs have the truth of saving grace wrought in their souls before they can be meet partakers of the Sacrament of the Lords-supper Ans Yes wee must have the truth of saving grace in us before wee can bee meet partakers of the Lords-supper because the Lords-supper is the sign seale and pledge whereby God assures us that wee shall continue and grow in grace 1 Cor. 10. 16. Joh. 6. 54 55 56 57. But now continuance and growth in grace doe presuppose the being and the life of grace to be in us before for dead things grow not at all Qu. But they say some have been converted at the Sacrament of the Lords-supper It seems then that this Sacrament is a converting ordinance and if so prophane persons and all sorts ought to come even as such What say you to this Ans Though instance could be given of some few in an age that were converted at the Sacrament of the Lords-supper yet that would not prove that we therefore ought to look upon it as a converting ordinance of God to be used directly for that end and so to admit and receive
the hope that is in him with all meeknesse 1 Pet. 3. 15. 2 It makes a Christian willing to receive every truth discovered unto him from the Word of God 1 Tim. 6. 5. and carefull to put in practise whatsoever he knows already 1 Joh. 2. 3 4 5. 3 It makes us painfull and industrious for the increasing of that knowledge which we have attained Prov. 2. 3 4. Hos 6. 3. And thus we must examine our selves about our knowledge saying to our own souls What O my soul hath God as yet wrought these things in thee or not Qu. How may a man examine himself about his faith so as to know he hath true faith in Christ Ans A man may know hee hath saving Faith by these characters of it 1 Saving faith is always wrought and preserved by the Word of God preached Rom. 10. 14 17. 1 Cor. 1. 21. and is that whereby wee come to be weary and heavie laden with sins Mat. 11. 28. to bee utterly rid of all confidence in our own righteousnesse Rom. 10. 3 4. and also restlesse in hungring after Christ till we find comfort in the promises touching the pardon of our sins Mat. 5. 6. 2 Saving faith makes the Christian to look at sin as the greatest evill and the grace of Christ as the greatest good in the world Heb. 11. 24 25 26 27. c. it purifieth the heart will thoughts affections and conscience from all love and allowance of sinne Act. 15. 9. Rom. 7. 15. and so works inward sanctification Act. 26. 18. It wrestles against temptations of unbelief Mar. 9. 24. Luk. 22. 31 32. and works by love to God and our brethren Gal. 5. 6. And by these evidences we must examine our selves whether we have true faith or not saying to each of our own souls What O soul art thou thus and thus qualified or not Qu. How may a man examine himself about his Repentance so as to know that he doth truly repent Ans True Repentance may be known 1 By our willingnesse and gladnesse to have any sin discovered Psal 141. 5. and our hearty love of those that discover and reprove it in us 2 Sam. 12. 13. 2 By an inward godly sorrow for all known sins as they are a breach of Gods Commandements and are displeasing unto God 2 Cor. 7. 10. and by a forsaking of all known sins Ezek. 18. 5 6. c. Psal 119. 3. out of a perfect hatred of them and care to avoid all occasions of them 2 Cor. 7. 11. 3 By an universal turning to God Deut. 3. 10. and constant cleaving to him in all his revealed wil and by practise of al known duties of obedience which obedience the death of Christ set forth in the Lords-supper notably provokes a Christian unto And thus wee must try our repentance before wee come to the Lords Table O my soul dost thou repent thus Qu. How may a man examine himself about his Obedience so as to know that his obedience is unfeigned obedience Ans Unfeigned obedience may be known thus 1 It is grounded onely on the Word of God Eph. 2. 10. and not on the traditions or inventions of men Mar. 7. 6 7. and it hath respect unto all Gods commandements without partiality or exception Psal 119. 6. 2 Unfeigned obedience aims at the right end namely at the praise and glory of God Phil. 1. 11. and not at any private advantage crosse thereunto and it is alwayes accompanied with zeal Gal. 4. 18. humility Mich. 6. 8. and constancy Psal 106. 3. And thus we must try our obedience before we come to the Lords supper Is it thus with thee O my soul Qu. How may a Christian examine himself about his love so as to know whether his love to God bee entire or not Ans We may be sure that our love to God is entire if no Commandement of God bee grievous unto us 1 Joh. 5. 3. if our love weanes our hearts from the love of the world 1 Joh. 2. 15. 1 Joh. 4. 20 21. 1 Joh. 5. 1. 1 Joh. 4. 12. and lastly if it make us love the children of God Qu. How may a Christian examine himself about his love so as to know that he hath entire love to the children of God in speciall Ans Entire love to the children of God makes us love godly men for godlinesse sake 2 Joh. 1 2 verses that is it will make us love all the Saints Eph. 1. 15. whether rich or poor strangers or kindred and that constantly Prov. 17. 17. Also such entire love will communicate it self in doing good to their souls and bodies 1 Joh. 3. 17 18. Q. How may a Christian examine himself about his love so as to know that he hath true love and charity toward his neighbor that is to all men in general Ans True love toward our neighbor or all men in generall may be known thus 1 It will make us willing to forgive wrongs to others Col. 3. 13. and to seek peace Rom. 12. 18. and make satisfaction if we have wronged them Rom. 13. 10. 2 True love will cause us to love the souls of all people and not to suffer sin to lie upon them Lev. 19. 17. 3 True love to our neighbor will make us to overcome evil with good Rom. 12. 17 20 21. by heaping offices of love upon them that wrong us And thus we must examine our selves about our love before we come to the Sacrament and see whether these qualifications of Gods Spirit be wrought in our hearts or not Qu. How may a man examine himself about his hunger and thirst after Christ so as to know that hee hath an earnest hunger and thirst after him Ans We may know if we have true hunger and thirst after Christ thus 1 True hunger and thirst after Christ wil make us seek him with all our heart in the diligent and constant use of all the means Prov. 13. 4. so as that nothing wil satisfie us without Christ Psal 73. 25. 2 Earnest hunger thirst after Christ longs after him for his own sake so as to part with any thing for him Matth. 13. 44. and to be content to have him upon any conditions Phil. 1. 21. Phil. 3. 8. 3 Earnest hunger and thirst after Christ makes the soul ready to entertain with great thankfulness whatsoever means or messenger shall bring Christ home unto it Rom. 10. 15. And lastly true hunger and thirst after Christ causes the Christian to seek after Christ for holinesse Isa 51. 1. as well as for happinesse Now is it thus with my soul or not Qu. How may a man examine himself about the sincerity of his heart so as to know that he is sincere and upright in his heart Ans A Christian may know that he is sincere and upright in heart thus 1 Sincerity and uprightness of heart wil shew it self in a carefulness to reform our delightful and bosom-sins Psal 18. 23. in an endeavour to find them out
and a gladness when they are discovered Psal 119. 59. 141. 5. 2 Sincerity will put us upon self-denyall and make us part with any outward comfort to keep a good conscience Heb. 11. 24 27. 3 Sincerity and uprightness will cause us to make conscience of the fruitfull performance of holy duties Rom. 12. 11. especially in secret Mat. 6. 6. And lastly it will stirre up an earnest desire of growth unto perfection Phil. 3. 12 14. Now is it thus with me or not Qu. How may a man examine himself about his thankfulness to Christ so as that he may know hee is truly thankfull Ans A man may know he is truly thankful to Christ when he esteemeth Christs Eph. 3. 17 18 19. love and benefits Phil. 3. 8. above all others and so desireth to please Christ 2 Cor. 5. 14 15 in all things And thus wee ought to examine our selves about all these particular Graces of Christ in us by asking our consciences whether it bee thus and thus with our souls Q WHen a man hath thus examined himself what must he endevor to doe after such self-examination for the finishing of his preparation to the Sacrament Ans 1. If a man after examination of himself shal plainly find any of these Graces to be wanting in him he must for the present abstain from the Sacrament Exod. 12. 48. Num. 9. 6 7 c. 2 If he doubt whether they be wrought in him or not he is likewise to forbear comming to the Sacrament Mat. 5 23 24. Rom. 14. 23. unless his conscience by some means may be resolved and setled that he hath them 3 If he shal truly find that God hath wrought them in him though yet in much weakness then he is to come to this sacrament to be therby further strengthened 2 Chron. 30. 18 19. Q What if a Christian having for the former reasons abstained from the Lords Table do a long time after continue in a sad and sorrowfull condition mourning for the want of those forenamed Graces in himself must he still forbear to come to the Sacrament Ans No man truly and inwardly mourneth for the want of those Graces but he that in some measure hath the truth of them wrought in himself by Gods Word and Spirit and therefore spiritual mourners may comfortably and should readily approach to Christ in this Sacrament 1 Cor. 11. 31. as well as in other of his holy ordinances Ps 34. 18. Isa 61. 2 3. 66. 2. Mat. 11. 28. Qu. Are there yet any more things required of a communicant after his examination of himself Ans Yes after a Christian hath throughly examined himself there be yet more duties to be practised For 1 He is carefully with bitterness of spirit to remember and bewayl to God the manifest rebellions of his unregenerate estate Psal 29. 7. 1 Tim. 1. 13. and the wants and weaknesses of his present state Rom. 7. throughout 2 He is to renew his faith in Christ Heb. 11. 28. and his repentance for all known sins especially committed since his former receiving 3 He is to renew and stir up his desires and thirstings after Christ in the Sacrament and his love to God and man 4 He is to renew his resolution and purposes of better obedience to God in the duties both of the first and second Table of the Law for the time to come Isa 1. 16 17 18. through the help of Christ And lastly he is to renew his thankfulnesse to God All these a Christian must endeavour to do because it is not the bare having of grace but the present exercise therof that makes us worthy receivers in Gods account 1 Cor. 1. 4 5 7. compared with 1 Cor. 11. 18 21 29. Qu. How must a communicant renew his faith in Christ before he comes to the Sacrament Ans A Communicant must labor to renew his saith in Christ thus 1 He must go to God in the name of Christ to sue out a new pardon of his sins 2 Chron. 30. 6. especially of such sins as most trouble the peace of his conscience and presse the promises that concern the sacrament 1 Cor. 11. 24 and the death of Christ 1 Joh. 1. 7. 2 He must strive by Prayer and meditation against carnall reason Joh. 6. 52 58. the greatest enemy of faith and also hee must bewayl his unbelief Mar. 9. 24. and ponder and weigh well the nature of the Sacrament as namely That the Sacrament is as Gods oath to secure his promises unto us Heb. 6. 16 17. and a pledge and seal of the righteousness of faith Rom. 4. 11. 3. And lastly he must consider that God commands us to receive and enjoy the merits of Christs death offered to us in this Sacrament 1 Cor. 11. 24. and therefore he must raise up his faith to take hold of Christ Qu. How must a Communicant renew his repentance before he comes to the Lords Table Ans In renewing his repentance a communicant must take this course 1 Strictly to call to mind his particular sins as near as possibly he can especially sins most lately committed 1 Cor. 11. 31. either by not-doing the good he ought and might have done or by doing the evill he ought not to have done and by the serious consideration of such sins with all the circumstances and aggravations thereof he is to renew a more bitter sorrow for them Lam. 3. 40. 2 He must renew his free and humble confession of each particular sin 1 Sam. 7. 6. as near as he can judge himself for them and lift up fervent prayers for the pardon of them Psal 5. 1 2. and for strength and power against them and this wil shew that he stands not wel-affected towards his sins 3 In case that he hath wronged any one he must make restitution and satisfaction to the uttermost of his power Luk. 19. 8. and must resolve fully by Gods grace to leave all sins and avoid the occasions thereof giving up himself to newness of life and to the frequent constant and conscionable use of all good means with the improvement of all holy opportunities conducing to that newness of life Psal 1. 1 2. Qu. How must a communicant renew his spiritual desires and thirst after Christ before each Sacrament Ans He that would renew his desire and thirst after Christ must follow this course 1 He must acquaint himself throughly with his own spiritual wants and emptiness Prov. 27. 7. and take heed of a presumptuous imagination of more grace then yet he hath attained unto Rev. 3. 16 17. 2 He must take a thorow view of the wonderfull excellency and fulness that is in Christ Job 4. 10. Col. 1. 19. and the promises â— Pet. 1. 4. as also a view of the worth of Gods favor and loving kindness which is better then life it self Psal 63. 3. 3 He must have a thorow view of his own utter insufficiency to bring his heart to any true hunger and thirst after these things Phil.