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A13030 A summarie of Englyshe chronicles conteynyng the true accompt of yeres, wherein euery kyng of this realme of England began theyr reigne, howe long they reigned: and what notable thynges hath bene doone durynge theyr reygnes. Wyth also the names and yeares of all the baylyffes, custos, maiors, and sheriffes of the citie of London, sens the Conqueste, dyligentely collected by Iohn Stovv citisen of London, in the yere of our Lorde God 1565. Whervnto is added a table in the end, conteynyng all the principall matters of this booke. Perused and allowed accordyng to the Quenes maiesties iniunctions.; Summarie of Englyshe chronicles Stow, John, 1525?-1605. 1565 (1565) STC 23319; ESTC S117862 206,452 546

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theim selues fell at greate discorde and warre whyche continued to the greate disturbance of the realme about .xv. yeares By meane of this forsaide discorde amonge the britons Seuerus was moued to make haste into thys Countreye as well to quyete the realme as to kepe backe the Pictes and Scotts which vexed them with warre hee caused a wall of turues and greate stakes to be made of the lengthe of 112. myles or after some repaired the wall of Adrian It began at Tyne and reached to the Scottyshe sea This Seuerus gouerned Britayne .v. yeares and was buried at Yorke BAssianus Caracalla succeded hys father in the empire and reygned vi yeres Of nature he was cruell and fierce able to endure al paynes and labours especially in warfare wherto he semed to be framed of nature In Britayne was yet no kynge but the Emperour was accompted as king wherefore as some write Carassus a britayn of lowe byrth but valyant and hardy in marciall deedes purchased of the Emperour the kepyng of the coasts of Britayn By meanes wherof he drue to hym many knightes of his countrey and addressed deadly warre agaynst the the Romayns hauyng the better hope for that he heard of the death of Bassianus the emperour who about this time was slayne by one of his owne seruantes But Polydore affirmeth that this Carassus toke on hym the gouernance of Britayne in the tyme of Dioclesian and sayth that thys lande was in good quietnes the space of .76 yeares with whom the latin histories seme to agree Alectus a duke of Rome was sente to subdue Carassus whiche unlefullye vsurped the crowne of Britayne To whiche Alectus fortune was so fauourable that he vanquyshed Carassus and lastely slew him when he had reigned .viii. yeres Alectus the Romayn gouerned the britaynes after he had subdued the land again to the Romains and vsed among them much crueltie tyranny Wherefore they intendyng vtterly to expell the Romaynes moued a noble man called Asclepiodatus to take on hym the kyngdom who gathered a great power and made sharpe warre vppon the Romayns and chased them from countrey to countrey vntyll at lengthe Alectus kept hym at London for his moste suretie whither Asclepiodatus pursued him and nere to that citie gaue hym bata●le in whiche Alectus was slayne when he had gouerned Britayn .vi. yeres Asclepiodatus after Alectus was thus slayn belayed the citie of London with a strong siege wherin was Liuius Gallus the Romayn capitayne and ere it were long by knightly force and violence entred the citie and slue the forenamed Gallus nere vnto a broke there at that day runnyng into whiche broke he threw him by reason wherof it was called Gallus or Wallus brooke and this day the strete where sometime the broke ranne is called Walbroke After which victorie Asclepiodatus gouerned britayne .xxv. yeares At this time happened a great discention in britayn betwene Asclepiodatus their kyng and one Coill duke of Colchester whereby was raised a greuous warre in whyche Asclepiodatus was slayn And Coill toke on hym the kingdome of britayne and gouerned the realme the space of .xxvii. yeres Constantius a duke of Rome was sent into britayn to recouer the tribute shortly after whose arriuall Coill whiche then was kyng died Wherfore the britayns to haue more suertie of peace wylled this Duke to take to wife Helena the daughter of Coill whiche was a wonderfull fayre mayden and therwith well learned Thys Constantius when he had recouered the tribute returned with his wyfe Helena to Rome as chiefe ruler of Britayne who gouerned the same .xxi. yeares he was buried at Yorke In this Constantius tyme was S. Albon prothomartir of England martyred at Uerolan Of hym Iohn Lidgate monke of Burye hathe compyled a goodlye storye in englyshe meter Heroicall COnstantine the soonne of Constantius succeded as well in the kyngdome of Britayne as in the gouernance of other realmes that wer subiect afore to his father This Constantine was a ryght noble and valiant prince and sonne of Helena a woman of great sanctimony and borne in Britayne He was so myghtye in marciall prowesse that hee was surnamed the greate Constantyne And had the faith of Christe in suche reuerence that alwaye mooste studyouselye he endeuoured to augmente the same In wytnesse of hys beliefe hee caused a booke of the Gospell to bee caryed before hym and made the byble to be copied out and sente into all partes of the empire Of this man the kynges of Britayne had fyrst the priuileage to weare close crownes or diademes he reigned .xviii yeres Constantine in the .vi. yeare of his reigne came with a parte of his armye agaynst Maxentius whyche vexed the Romanes with greuous eractions and tribute when he was in his iourney by a vision in the nyght he sawe the sygne of the Crosse in the elemente shynynge like fyre and an angell therby sayinge in this wyse Constantine in this signe thou shalt ouercome wherfore he beyng greatly comforted shortly after vanquished the army of Maxentius who fleing oute of the battayle was drowned in Tyber Helena the mother of Constantyne at Ierusalem found the crosse on which Christ suffred his passion and the .iii. nayles wherewith his fete and handes were pearced OCtauius duke of Iesses or wesse Saxons whō Constantine made lieutenant in Britayne rebelled and endeuoured to expell the Romayns out of the lande Whereof when Constantine had knowlege he sent against him a Duke named Traherne with legions of souldiours after whose arriuall in Britain was fought a fiers battaile neere to Wynchester In whiche Traherne was putte to the worse and constrained to flee towarde Scotlande whō Octauius folowed And in Westmerlande gaue to hym the seconde battaile in whiche Octauius was chased and Traherne obteyned the victorie pursued Octauius so fiersely that hee was driuen to forsake the lande and sailed into Norway Octauius repairyng his army came agayne into Britayn but in the meane tyme an Earle whyche fauoured hys partie by treason murdered the fornamed Trahern And then Octauius called in the Englishe Chronicles Octauian reigned in this lande at the leaste liiii yeares In whiche tyme as sayth the Scottishe historie he was troubled with often warres by the Romaines Polidore saieth that this Realme was in good quiete all the tyme of Constantyne and his successours vntyll the fift yere of Gratian and maketh no mention of this Octauius whiche thyng I I speake not for anye reproche to Polydore whom I know right well to haue folowed moste certayne and commendable Authours but onely to shewe to the reader the dyuersitie of hystories whiche is great MAximus sonne of Leonine and cousyn germaine to Constantine the great was made kyng of britayne Thys man was mightye of hys handes but for that he was cruell and pursued somedeale the Christians hee was called Maximus the tyraunt Betwene hym and one
yelded vp to hym as ye maye reade at large in Iohn Frosard his chronicles Anno. 23. Iohn Lufkin M. Hēry Picard S. Simōwoseley S. In the end of this yere about August the pestilence begon in diuers places of England and specially at London and so cōtinued tyll that tyme twelue month Anno. 24. Williā Turke Maior Adam Bury S. Rafe Lynne S. This yeare was Calice lyke to haue ben betrayed but the kyng in tyme preuented it The Kynge caused to be coyned grotes and half grotes the whyche lacked of the weyght of his former coyne .ii. s .vi. d. of a pound troy And about the end of August ceased the death in London whiche was soo vehement and sharpe that ouer the bodies buried in churches and church yardes monasteries and other accustomed buryeng places was buryed in the Charter howse yarde of London as saith Fabyan .l. M. persons And also many persons of good credite yet liuyng in the citie of London affirm that they haue redde the like writen on a plate of laton fastened on a crosse of stone in the same Charter house church yarde and also to haue sene recorded in one olde Booke of the sayde Charter house that at that tyme the said mortalitie was so great that there remained not the tenthe person alyue throughout the realme Anno. 25. Richard Killingbury M. Iohn Notte S. wil. wocester S. This yere king Edward had a goodly victory vpon the sea against Charles the constable of France where he toke xxii of their shyppes Anno. 26. Andrew Aubery M. Iohn wroth S. Gibbō staindrop S. This yeare the castell of Guynes was yelden vnto the englishmen dwellyng in Calice by treason of a Frenche man Also this yere y e englishmen beyng in Britayn had a goodly victory ouer the Frenchemen where they tooke many noble men prisoners Anno. 27. Adam Francis Maior Iohn Peache S Iohn stodeney S This Sommer was so long dry that it was called after the dry sommer for from March tyll the latter end of Iuly fell lytle rayne or none by which reason corne that yere folowyng was scant Anno. 28. Adam Francis Maior Iohn Welde S. Iohn Lytle S. The Duke of Brunswyke made an appeale against Henry duke of Lancaster for whyche was waged battell in the frenche kynges courte and beynge bothe ready within the lystes to fyght the french kyng stayed the matter and toke the quarell into his handes so that either of them departed the field without any stroke striken Anno 29. Thomas Legget M. williā Totinghā S. Richard Smert S. For so muche as the townes in Flanders brake their promyse before tyme made by Iaques Dartnell and now fauoured the french partie king Edward remoued the market and staple of woll out of Flanders into Englande as to Westminster Chichester Lyncolne Bristowe and Canterbury Prince Edward the sonne of kynge Edward passed into Gascoyn where he made sore warre and destroyed castels and townes before hym and tooke the towne of Remorentine wyth other Also this yeare was the house of the Friers Angustines in London finished whiche was reedifyed by syr Humfrey Bobune earle of Hertforde and Essex whose bodye lyeth buried in the quier of the said house before the high aultar Anno. 30. Symond Francis M. Thomas Forster S Thomas Brādon S Edwarde prince of Wales nye to the citie of Poitiers ioyned battel with king Iohn of Frāce of whō the prince by his marcial policy wan a noble victory notw tstandyng that he had in his army but 800. souldiors on the french part were 6000. fighting mē In this conflict King Iohn was taken with his yong son Philyp and many of his nobles brought● into Englande Anno. 31. Henry Picard M. Rich. Nofinghā S. Thomas Dosel S. Great and royal iustes were holden in Smythfield before the kyng of Englād the frēch king being prisoner the kyng of Scottes and diuers other nobles Anno. 33. Iohn Stody M. Stephen Candish S. Barthol Frostling S. This yere Dauid le Bruze king of scottes was set at libertie when he had put king Edward suretie of .10000 mark for his ransom Anno. 23. Iohn Lufain M. Iohn Barnes S. Iohn Burys S. The englyshemen in Britaine tooke the towne of Ancore and dyuers other and put them to great ransome Anno. 34. Symon Duffild M. Simon Bedinghā S. Iohn Chichester S. Kyng Edward with his son the prince passed the sea to Calice and from thense rode through France by Picard Artois Roan Champayn and so foorth to Britaine euer destroying the countrey before him hys garrisons also made warre in Beauvoisin in Picardye in Brye in Campayn and spoiled well nere all the counntrey Moreouer the kynge of Nauarre vexed sore the marches of Normandy Thus was the realm of France miserably beset at this tyme on all sydes At the last a finall peace was concluded betwene the kynges of Englande of Frāce on this cōdition that king Edward should haue to his possession the countreis of Gascoyn and Guyen Poytiers Lymosyn Baleuile Exantes Calice Guynes and diuers other lordships castels towns all the landes to thē belōging without knowlege of any soueraigntie or subiection for y e same and the king of France shold pay for his ransom 300000. crownes so King Iohn returned into France Anno. 35. Iohn Wroth M. Iohn Denys S. Walter Burney S. King Edward returned from Caleys into Englande and brought with hym many noble men of Frāce for hostages This yere men and beasts perished in England in diuers places with thunder lightning and fiends wer sene in mās likenes aud spake vnto men as they trauailed by the way Anno. 36. Iohn Peche M. Williā Holbeche S. Iames Tame S. This yeare was great death and pestilence in Englande which was called the second mortalitie in which died Hēry duke of Lancaster then was Iohn of Gaunt the kings third son which had maried the dukes daughter made duke of Lancaster Also there were sene this yere in the ayre castels and hostes of men fighting as sayth Fabian Anno. 37. Stephen Cādishe M. Io. of S. Albons S. Iames Andrew S. This yere was a great wynd in England wherwith many steples and towres were ouerthrowen King Iohn of Fraunce came into England and shortly after died at y e Sauoy in London Also this yeare was a great frost in Englande whiche lasted from the myddest of September to the moneth of Aprill Anno. 38. Iohn Notte M Rychard Croydon S. Iohn Hiltofte S. Prynce Edwarde sayled into Burdeaux and receyued the possession of Guyā that kyng Edwarde had newly gyuen vnto hym Anno. 39. Adam of Bury M. Symon Mordant S Iohn of Motford S This yere the kyng began the foundation of saynt Stephens chappell at Westmynster whiche was finished by Rycharde the second sonne of prince Edward Anno. 40. Iohn Lufkyn M. Io. Bukylsworth S Iohn
to doo that acte And beyng hanged for the same with his three men in Smythfielde sayde at his death he would neuer repēte it they were al foure hanged on the fryday next after whiche was the .xxv. daye of Ianuary The .xxvii. daye of Ianuary Humfrey Arundell capitaine of the rebelles in Deuonshyre was hanged drawen and quartered at tyborne with dyuers other as Wynslade Holmes Bery c. About the same tyme Robert Kyte capitaine of them that rose in Norfolke together with his brother Wyllyam was condemned and sent to Norwiche where the sayde Robert was hanged in chaynes vpon the toppe of Norwyche castell The two capitaynes Arundell and Kite were brought to Londō about one tyme and so was the prophecie fulfilled that they and their company had great affiance and trust in that is that they should mete at London which they interpreted to prosperitie as cōquerours and not to punishement as traytours About the beginninge of February in the fourth yere of Edward the syxte the Ambassadours of Englande and Fraunce consulted of a peace to be had betwene both Realmes whiche after was concluded The .vi. day of February the Duke of Somerset king Edwards vncle was deliuered out of y e towre y e same night be supped with the erle of Warwick at the sherifes house called maister Yorke The .x. day of February One Bel a Suffolke man was drawen from the towre to tyborne and there hanged and quartered for mouyng a newe rebellion in Suffolke and Esser On mondaye being the last daye of Marche a generall peace was proclaymed betwene the kynges of Englande and Fraunce in the same peace were included the Emperour the Scottes The .25 daye of Aprill the towne of Bulleyn was yelded vp vnto the Frēch king and his capitaines toke the possession which was so great comfort to the Frenchemē that at their entryng of the towne many of them kneled down and kissed the stones of the streates The ii day of May one Ioane Knel otherwyse called Ioane Butcher or Ione of Kēt was burned in Smithfield for heresy that Christ toke no fleshe of the virgin Mary but passed through her body as through a conduicte Not long after certain leude persons attempted a new rebellion in some part of Kent but they were sone repressed certayne of the chief as Rychard Lyon Goddard Gorran and Rychard Irelād were apprehended and put to death for the same the .xiiii. daye of May. Anno. 4. sir Andrewe Iud Skin M. August Hinde S Iohn Lyon S This syr Andrewe Iudde afore named erected one notable schole at Tunbrydge in Kent wherein be brought vp and noryshed in good learnynge great store of youth as well bred in that shyre as brought from other countries adioynyng A noble act and correspondent to those that haue bene done by lyke worshipfull men and other in olde tyme within the same citie of London This yere vpon a thursdaye beynge the .xvii. daye of December the Thames beneth the brydge dyd ebbe flowe three tymes within .ix. houres and the same daye tyme the byshop of Wynchester who had lyen in the towre from the morowe after saynt Peters day the first yere of Edward y e sixt was brought vnto Lambyth by water before the byshop of Canterbury other the kynges cōmissioners where were obiected vnto hym certayn articles on the kynges behalfe and day assigned him to answer The .xxiiii. daye of Ianuary was a parliament holdē at Westmynster and was contynued vntyll the .xv. of Aprill At this time besides diuers other thīgs it was enacted that priestes chyldren should be legytimate This yere on saynt Valentins daye beyng the fifth yere of Edward the sixt at Feuersham in Kent one Arden a gentleman was kylled by the consente of his owne wyfe For this act iust punyshement was afterwarde taken vpon those that were the doers and consenters to the same The wyfe her self was burned at Canterbury the .xiiii. daye of Marche the same daye two other were hanged in chaynes at Feuersham and a woman brent Mosby and his syster were hanged in Smithfielde at Londō And Black wyll the Ruffyan that was hiered to do the acte after his first scape was apprehended and burnt on a scaffolde at Flyshyng in Sealande The .xiiii. daye of February beynge saturday D. Stephen Gardiner byshop of Wynchester was depriued of his byshoprike and so committed to the towre agayne Into his place was translated doctor poynet who before was byshop of Rochester The .24 daye of Apryll beyng Frydaie a duche mā was burned in Smithfielde for heresy who helde the detestable opinion of the Arrians The .viii. daye of Maye a proclamation was made that from and after the last daye of August then next ensuyng our shyllyng of the value of .xii. d. shuld be currant but for .ix. d. and a groate for three pence by reason of whiche proclamatiō ensued great dearth of al thinges for the people couetyng to reyse the losse of theyr mony vpon suche kynde of wares or victual as they occupyed did dayly enhaunce the pryce moste myserablye appressyng the poore The .25 daye Maye beyng Monday betwene the howers of eleuen and one of the clock at after noone was an erthquake of halfe a quarter of an howre long at Blechynglye at Godstone at Croydon at Albery at dyuers other places in Southery Myddlesexe The .ix. day of Iuly being thursday the forsayd proclamatiō which was appointed to take effect the last day of August next commyng by reason of the infaciable couetousnes of the people oppressyng the poore was shortened vnto this present daye and tooke effecte immediatly vpon the publyshynge of the same whiche was done betwene .ix. tenne of the clocke before noone so that immediatly a shilling went for .ix. pēce and a grote for .iii. d. and no word spokē of y e small money as pēce half grotes by reason wherof there was no small mony to be gottē to geue y e poore people The sweating sicknes begā in Londō the .viii. day of Iuly the .x day of Iuly it was most vehement whiche was so terrible that people being in best health were sodaynly taken and dead in .xxiiii. houres or .xii. or lesse for lack of skyll in guydyng them in their sweate And it is to be noted that this mortalitie fell chiefly or rather only on men and those also of the best age as betwene .xxx. and xi yeres of age also it folowed Englysh men as well within the Realme as in straunge countreis wherefore this nacion was muche afearde of it and for the tyme began to repente and remember God from whom the plague might well seme to be sent among vs. But as the disease in time relēted so our deuociō also in short space decaied the first weke died in Lōdō .800 persōs thē it ceased The .xvii. day of August beyng mōday was