shires of the Countrey Thus much of the particular description of Brytaine that the whole bodie of the Realme by the members maye be the better knowne to some peraduenture that neuer heard the same before The forme of the Ilande is Triquetra or thrée cornered Strab◠lib. 4. hauing thrée corners or thrée sides two whereof that is to saye the corner toward the Easte and the other toward the Weast both extending Northwardes are the longest The thirde side whiche is the South side is farre shorter than the other for the Ilande is greater of length than of bredth And as in the other two partes is conteyned the length euen so in y e last the bredth in which place the bredth beginneth and so continuing from the Southe parte to the North it is but narrowe The first and right corner of which Iland Eastwarde is in Kent at Douer and Sandwich Frō whence to Callais or Boloigne in Fraunce is the distance of xxx myles From this Angle which is against France to the thirde Angle which is in the Northe in Scotlande the maine wherof boundeth vpon Germanie but no land séene and there the Iland is like vnto a wedge euen at the verye Angle of the lande in Scotlande the lengthe is seauen hundred myles Againe the length from this corner at Douer in Kent to the vttermoste parte of Cornewall being S. Michaels mount whiche is the West parte or West Angle is supposed to be thrée hundered myles From this lefte Angle being the West part and the vttermost part of Cornwal which hath a prospect towardes Spaine in which parte also standeth Irelande scituate betwéene Britaine and Spaine to the North Angle in the further part of Scotland in which parte the Iland doth end the length is eight hundred miles in whych part there be very good hauens safe harboroughes for shippes and apte passages into Ireland being not paste one dayes sayling but the shorter passage is from Wales to Waterforde a towne in Irelande vpon the Sea coast muche like to that passage betwéene Douer and Calays or somewhat more but the shortest passage of all is out of Scotland From this last Angle to Hampton which is a Towne vpon the Sea coast with a hauen so called toward the South and therfore called Southhampton betwéene the angles of Kent and Cornwall they doe measure by straight line the whole length of the Ilande and doe saye that it contayneth 800. myles as the bredth from Meneua or Saint Dauids to Yarmouth which is in the vttermost part of the Iland towards the Easte doeth conteyne 200. miles for the bredth of the Ilande is in the South part which part is the front and beginning of the lande and endeth narrowe or as it were in a strayghte So the circuite or compasse of the Ilande is 1800. myles which is 200. lesse than Caesar doth recken or accompt ⸪ ⧠Of the first habitation of this Ilande a short note to the Reader WHere it is recorded by the sacred and most auntient Gene. 10. Historie that after the vniuersal floud the Isles of the Gentiles were diuided by the posteritie of Iapheth the sonne of Noah wee doubt not but this Isle of Brytaine was also then peopled by his progenie the Historie of whom as it is to be wished and appertinēt to this purpose so sith it is irrecouerable not onely vnto vs but also to other nations I thinke it better to say nothing therein than to set downe here Samothes Magus Sarron Druys and Bardus for his successours which are vpholden and boulstered onely by the credite and authoritie of a newe smal pamphlet falsely forged and thruste into the worlde vnder the title of the auntient Historian Berosus For that is the censure of al the best learned as concerning our cōmon Berosus which at his first appering about one hundred yers since was partly suspect Lodouicus Viues Gasparus Varrerius by Lodouicus Viues afterwarde conuinced to be fabulous by the lerned Gas Varrerius in a seueral treatise and now vniuersally reiected of all skilful Antiquariesas a mere fable vnworthy the name of Berosus Therefore I dare not grounde the beginning of our Historie vppon the credite therof vnlesse I woulde be preiudicial to the trueth wherevnto I leuel al my endeauour I hope it shal bee sufficient in this Historie for the Brytaines time to follow the authoritie of the receiued Brytish Historie which Geffrey Archdeacon of Monmouth translated out of the Brytishe tong about 400. yeares since beginning with Brute who after the progenie of Iapheth seemeth to be firste discouerer namer and Ruler of this land Yet before we enter into the History of Brute it shal not bee impertinente to note here that where as Pomponius Mela mētioneth that one Hercules killed Albion a Giant aboute the mouth of Rhosne in Fraunce manye learned men haue iudged the saide Albion to haue ruled here sith the Greeke monumēts do always cal this Isle ALBION and after his deth Nicol. Perotus Lilius Giraldus Solinus that Hercules came hither Lilius Giraldus writeth An auntient aultar also conteyning the inscription of a vowe founde in the vttermost North part of Britaine 1500. yeares since as Solinus reporteth plainelie proued that Vlisses the renoumed Graecian in his tenne yeares trauailes after the sacking of Troy arriued in this our Countrey And thus much is founde only in approued Histories as cōcerning Britaine before the arriuall of Brutus ⸪ The race of the Kings of Britaine since Brute and in the margent are placed the yeares beefore Christe his byrth when euerye Kyng beganne their raignes til Cunobelinus in whose time Christ the Sauiour of the world was borne and then followyng the yeares from Chryste hys byrth are placed BRute the sonne of Siluius the sonne of Ascanius 1108 Gaufrid◠the sonne of Aeneas after the death of hys father being banished into Gréece deliuered there the remnāt of the Troiās from y e long captiuitie wherin they were deteined vnder the Greciās with whome he departed thence for to séeke some habitation and associating to hymselfe Corineus wyth hys Troians whome he founde in the waye after a long and weary iourney and manye notable actes atchieued in Aquitaine he arriued in this Ilande whyche was called Albion at a place nowe called Totnes in Deuonshire the yeare of the world 2855. the yere before Christs natiuitie 1108. wherein he first began to raigne and named it Brytaine as some write or rather after his owne name Brutaine as Aethicus Aethicus that wonderfull Philosopher a Scithian by race but an Istrian by Countrey translated by Saint Hierome aboue a thousand yeares past termeth both it and the Iles adiacent Insulas Brutannicas And for more proofe of this restored name Brutannicas not only the saide Philosopher who trauelled through many landes and in this lande taught the knowledge of mynerall workes maye be alleadged but sundry other as the Sybils Oracles who in the name of the
certaine waight in steade of money they thoughte it a heynous thing to taste a Hare a Hen or a Goose they clothed themselues in Lether they dyed theÌ„selues with woade which setting a blewish colour vpon them made them more terrible to beholde in battel they ware theyr haire long and shaued all partes of their bodyes sauing the head and vpper lippe they had tenne or twelue wiues a piece common with themselues speciallye brothers with brothers and parentes wyth theyr children but the issue that came of them was accounted his that firste maried the mother Theomantius the sonne of Lud and nephew to Cassibelan 37 succeded in the Realme of Brytaine and raigned quietlye xxiij yeares he was buryed at London OCtauius Augustus desiring to be like Iulius Caesar hys 34 Dion Cassius â—â—â— 49. Father for so he alwayes tearmed him prepared an expedition in Brytaine but being come forwarde into Fraunce vnderstanding that the Panonians lately subdued rebelled he tourned his power againste them and altered his minde as touching our Countrey THe fourthe yere after he opened the Temple of Ianus at 25 Rome fully determining to inuade Brytaine but when he had marched on his way as far as Ariminum Ambassadors of Brytaine met him humbly suing for peace submitting Dio. 53. Gâ—lâ—â—â—uâ— themselues vnto his obedience and protection Wherfore he stayed again to settle some troubles then raised in Fraunce THe yeare following bycause the couenaÌ„ts betwéen hym 24 and the Brytains could not be agréed vpon he made prouision for a thirde expedition into thys I le but an actual rebellion in Biscay and Sauoy with-helde him then also But Sâ—â—â—bo lib. 4. shortly after Ambassadours came from Brytaine to Rome intreating for peace swearing filthily in the Temple of Mars offering giftes in the Capitoll to the Gods of the Romaines and submitted part of the I le vnto Angustus Now the Brytaines beganne first to pay tolles and tribute without grudging for all wares which they traded whiche were for that time Iuorie boxes tonges ouches other trinckets of amber and glasse And all here were so quiet that one bande of souldiours and a fewe horsemen were sufficiente to kepe the I le in the Romaine possession CVnobelinus the sonne of Theomantius raigned king in 14 Brytaine xxxv yeares and was buried at London In the xiiij yeare of hys raigne Christe our sauioure was borne in Bethlehem of Iuda From this place following the yeares from Christ his byrth are placed in the Margent WHen Caesar Augustus the seconde Emperoure by the Anno Christi 1 Ex Eusebi Paulus Orosi Baptista Platinâ— Martinus Polonâ—â— will of GOD hadde stablished moste sure peace throughe the Worlde our redéemer Iesu Christe verye God and man was borne in the. xlij yeare of the raigne of Augustus he began to preache the. xv yeare of Tiberius and suffered his passion the. xviij yeare of the same Tiberius according to the Prophecies But here is to be noted that the first yere of our Lord hath but seuen days after some computation for he was borne the. xxv day of December the first of Januarie following began the second yeare GViderius y e first son of Cunobelinus was ordayned Kyng 21 Flores HistoriaruÌ„ This man was valiaunte hardie wealthie and trusted muche in his strength And for that he thought the Romains had their tribute wrongfullye he of great courage denyed to pay the same Wherefore Tiberius the Emperour purposed to come hither in person but death preuented him Guiderius raygned Geffrey Moâ— 23. yeares Aruiragus or rather as the Brytaynes tearme Humfrey Lâ—â—yd him Monrigus the yongest sonne of Cunobelinus and brother of Guiderius was ordayned King of Brytaine he slew G. Mon. Hamon neare to a haueÌ„ of the sea threw him gobbet meale therin it is now called South-hampton He streÌ„gthned the Castell Câ—râ— Douer of Douer and also the Castle of Richbourgh neare vnto Sandwich in Kent He raigned xxviij yeres and was buried at Gloucester ALbeit the Brytaine Historie doth here place Aruiragus yet 40 it is probable y t Cunobelinus as yet liued for about 40 yeares after Christ Admimus the sonne of Cunobeline banished Suetonius out of Brytaine by his Father was receiued into protection by Caius Caligula the fourth Emperor who was theÌ„ Dio. lib 59. set forwarde with greate preparation againste Brytaine but when he came into the partes of Holland against Norffolke hée stayed writing vaunting letters to y e Senate that al Brytain was yéelded vnto him bycause Admimus had so done Afterwarde The ridiculo â—â— expedition of Caligula into Brytaine as though he would immediately fight a fielde he cast his men into battayles and squadrons vppon the sea coaste disposing all hys Engines in most warlike manner no man knowing what he ment this done he hymselfe in a Gallye launched into the sea and immediately returning he caused the Trumpets to sound to battayle sodainly commaunded them to gather cockles and muscle shelles and therewith to fill theyr helmets saying they were spoyles due to the Capitoll and in these spoyles he greatlie triumphed as thoughe he had subdued the Ocean He rewarded his souldiours and retourned to Rome after he had built a hygh watche Towre in token of his victorie against the sea the ruines wherof are great remaining in Holland but ouerflowed by the water and is to thys daye called the Brytons house in remembrance of this ridiculous expedition against Brytaine by the persuasion Brytaine house in Holland of Bericus banished out of Brytaine CLaudius the Emperoure dispatched Aulus Plantius wyth 45 an army into Brytaine wher after dinerse conflicts wheÌ„ he had receyued part of the Bodunni into hys tuition and hadde slaine Cataracus and Togodumus sonnes of Cunobeline therby had made the Brytains more eagre to reueÌ„ge he sent for Claudius himselfe who with great preparation and Elephants Dio. Suetonius came into Brytanne to his army then encamped nere the Thames with which he passed ouer into Essex fought with the Brytanies obtained the victorie tooke the chiefe Cittye of Cunobeline and all weapons from the Brytaynes and so retourned to Rome the sirthe month after he sette forth from thence where hée triumphed surnaming hys sonne Brytanicus to whiche triumphe he permitted not onely the presidents of prouinces but also certayn banished prisoners to repayre to Rome and amidst the spoyles taken from the Brytains he fixed on the top of hys Pallace a crown of gold beset with stemmes and foreparts of shippes in token he had vanquished the Brytish Ocean He behaued himselfe verye courteously towards diuerse of his friendes in so muche that when Plantius a notable man who in his voyage whych he made into Brytaine atchieued diuers notable actes and shold triumph for the same the Emperour himselfe accompanied him and the vse being suche that with his triumph he shold go vp into the Capitoll Claudius gaue him the preheminence
therewith he committed the charge of him and of other to the Guarde and Gentlemen that stoode by The xxv of July the Duke with other were brought vp to the Tower of London vnder the conducte of Henry Earle of Arundale and thus was the matter ended without bloudshed whiche men feared woulde haue brought the death of many thousandes ¶ Queene Mary MAry the eldest daughter of King Henrie the eyghte beganne Anno reg 1. hir raigne the sixth of July in the yeare 1553. when shée dissolued hir camp at Framingham whyche was to the number of thyrtie thousande menne the Earle of Sussex béeing Liuetenant of the armye victualles were of suche plentye that a Barrell of Béere was solde for sixe pence wyth the Caske and foure greate loaues of bread for a peny Afterwarde being accompanied wyth a goodlye bande of Noblemenne Gentlemen and Commoners gathered out of all partes of the Realme she came to London and entred the Citie through Aldgate vppe to Leaden hall then downe Grasse streete Fenchurche streete Marte Lane Tower streete and so into the Tower the thirde daye of Auguste where Thomas Duke of Norffolke Doctoure Gardener late Byshoppe Prisoners pardoned of Winchester and Edwarde Courtney sonne and heyre to Henrie Marqueâ— of Excester prisoners in the 〈…〉 knéeling â—â—â— the hill within the saâ—â— â—ower were pardoned and discharged The fifth of August Edmond Bonner late Byshoppe of London prisoner in the Marshalsea and Cutbeâ—t Toâ—â—â—all the olde Bishop of Durham prisoner in the Kings bench had their pardons and were restored to their Seas Shortelye after all the Byshops which had bin depryued in the time of king Edward the sixth were restored to their Bishoprickes and the other which were placed in King Edwardes time remoued Bishops restored and other displaced also all beneficed men that were married or woulde not forsake their opinion were put out of their liuings and other knowen to be â—â— the contrary part were set in y â— same especially if any were alyue that had of late bin put out of the same as Bishop Day of Chichester Heath of Worcest c. The 9. of August in the afternoone the Quéene helde an Obsequie in the Tower for King Edwarde the Dirge beyng sung in Latine on the morrow a Masse of Requiem whereal Buriall of Kyng Edvvard the Quéene with hir Ladies offered The same daye the corps of King Edward was buried at Westminster the Lorde Treasurer the Earle of Pembrooke and the Earle of Shrewsburie being chiefe Mourners with dyuers other Noblemen and other Doctour Day Byshop of Chichester preached at the said buriall and al the seruice with a Communion was in Englishe The 11. of August certaine Gentlemen minding to passe Men drovvneâ— at London bridge vnder London bridge in a Whyrrie were there ouerturned and seauen of them drowned one was Maister T. Bridges â—onne The 13. of Auguste Maister Bourne a Chanon of Paules preaching at Paules Crosse not onelye prayed for the deade but also declared that Doctour Bonner Byshoppe of London late restored and therein presence for a Sermon by hym 〈…〉 in the same place vpon the same Gospell was about foure yeares â—â—uce vniustly caste into the vile prison of the Marshalsea and there kepte during the raigne of King Edwarde whyche saying so offended some of the audience that they breaking silence saide the Bishoppe had preached abhomination other some cryed meaning of the Preacher pull him oute pull hym oute and some béeing neare the Pulpit beganne to clyme wherewith the Preacher stepped backe and one Maister Bradforde a Preacher of King Edwardes tyme stepped into his place and gentlye perswaded the audience to quietnesse and obedience alleadging Saint Paule to the Romaines Let euery soule submitte himselfe to the authoritie of the higher powers c. neuerthelesse Maister Bourne standing by Mayster Bradford one threwe a Dagger at hym whych hit a side poste of the Pulpit and A Dagger throvvne at the Preacher rebounded backe againe a greate waye where vppon Mayster Bradford brake off hys speach and forced hymselfe with the helpe of Iohn Rogers an other Preacher to conuey Maister Bourne oute of the audience whyche wyth greate labor they broughte into Paules Schoole The xviij of August Iohn Dudley Duke of Northumberlande William Parre Marques of Northampton and the Erle of Warwike sonne and heire to the Duke were arraigned at Westminster hall before Thomas Duke of Norffolke high Steward of Englande where the Duke of Northumberland wyth greate reuerence towardes the Judges protested hys faith and allegeance to the Quéene whome he confessed gréeuously to haue offended and saide that he meante not to speake anye thing in defence of his tact but requested to vnderstand the opinion of the Courte in twoo poyntes First whether â— man doing anye acte by aucthoritie of the Princes Councel and by warrant of the greate Seale of England and doyng nothing without the same might be charged with Treason for any thing whiche he might doe by warrant thereof Secondly whether any such persons as were equally culpable in that crime and those by whose letters and commaundementes he was directed in all his doyngs myghte bée hys Judges or passe vppon hys tryall as hys Péeres Wherevnto was aunsweared that as coÌ„ncerning the firste the greate Seate whiche he layde for hys warrant was not the Séale of the lawful Quéene of the Realme nor passed by aucthoritie but the Seale of an Usurper and therefore coulde be no warrant to hym As to the second it was alleadged that if anye were as déepely to bée touched in that case as hymselfe yet so long as no atteynder were of recorde agaynste them they were neuer the lesse persons able in Lawe to passe vppon anye tryall and not to bée chalenged therefore but at the Princes pleasure After whyche aunsweare the Duke vsed fewe wordes but confessed the inditement by whose example the other prisoners arraigned with him did the like and therevppon had iudgement And when iudgement was gyuen the Duke said I beséech you my Lords all to be humble futers to the Quéenes Maiestie and to graunte mée foure requestes whyche are these â—yrâ—â—â— that I maye haue that death whyche Noble 〈…〉 haue hadde in tymes paste and not the other Secondartly that hir Maiestie will be gratious to my chyldren whyche maye hereafter doe good seruice consyderyng that they wente by my commaundement who am theyr father and not of their own trée willes Thyrdlye that I maye haue appoynted to me some learned manne for the instruction and quiet of my conscience And fourthlye that shée will sende twoo of the Councell to commune wyth mée to whome I will declare suche matters as shall be expedient for hir and the common weale and thus I beséech you al to pray for me On the ninetéenth of Auguste were arraigned at Westminster sir Iohn Gates sir Henrie Gates sir Andrew Dudley and sir Thomas Palmer where wythout anye Quest they pleaded guiltie submitted themselues to
newe Troy he made the Hauen whiche at this day retayneth Belines gate builded Iohn Leland Tovver of LoÌ„ doÌ„ first builded the name of hym called Belines Gate And as Iohn Lelande wryteth he builded the Towre of newe Troy He maryed hys daughter Cambria vnto a Prince of Almaine called Antenor of whome these people were called Cymbri and Sycambri Finally after he had raigned with his brother and alone xxvj yeares he dyed and after the Pagan manner with great pompe was burned and his ashes in a vessell of brasse set on a hygh Pynacle ouer Belines Gate He builded Carlheon vppon Flores HistoriaruÌ„ the Riuer Vske which since by a legion of the Romanes there placed was named Caerlegion now cleane destroyed GVrgunstus son of Beline succeded his father I. Rouse saith 375 he builded Caier Werithe that is Longcastra He subdued Denmarke compelling them to continue their tribute and in his returne home mette with a fléete of Basdenses comming from the parts of Spaine which were séeking for habitations Giraldus bycause their Countrey was so populous and not able to sustaine them to whom the king graunted the Isle of Ireland Ireland inhabited to inhabite and to holde the same of him as their soueraigne Lord But the Scottes write that Spaniards arriued before Hector Boetius this time in Irelande This Gurgunstus builded Porchester and Warwicke in the middle of the Realme sayth I. Rouse He raigned xxix yeres and was buried at Caerlheon GVinthelinus sonne of Gurgunstus was Crowned king of 356 Brytaine A prince sober and quiet who had to wyfe a noble woman named Mercia of excellent learning and knowledge Flores HistoriaruÌ„ She deuised certaine lawes whych long time among the Brytaines were greatlye estéemed and named Marcian Marcian lavves the thirde Lawes This prince raigned xxvj yeares and was buryed at new Troy CEcilius the sonne of Guinthelin and Marcia raigned vij 350 yeares as the Scottes write In the first yeare of hys raigne a people called Picts arriued here in Brytaine and possessed those partes whiche now be the Marches of bothe The Picts firste inhabited the Marches Realmes Englande and Scotlande Cecilius was buried at Caerlheon KImarus succeded Cecilius who being a wilde yong man liuing after his owne luste raigned but thrée yeares and 323 was slaine as he was hunting of wilde beastes ELanius called also Danius was king of Brytaine nine 321 yeares MOrindus the bastarde sonne of Danius beganne to raign 311 in Brytaine he foughte with a king who came out of Germanie and slewe him wyth all his power Moreouer Gaufride out of the Irishe Seas in hys time came forthe a wonderfull monster whyche destroyed muche people Whereof the king hearing woulde of his valiaunt courage néeds fight with it by whom he was clean deuoured when he had raigned eight yeares GOrbomannus eldest sonne of Morindus raigned eleauen 303 yeres a Prince iuste and religious he renued the Temples of his Gods and gouerned his people in peace welth This Gorbomannus builded Grantham in Lincolneshire Our Englishe Chronicle saith he builded bothe the townes Caxton Grantham builded I. Roâ—fe of Cambridge and Grantham but séeing that Cambridge in auntient Chronicles is called Grant as it is also Grantchester Cairgrant and Grantbridge it was an easie matter as Grammarians knowe to translate Grantham into Cambridge and so ascribe the building of bothe Townes to him that builded but one of them ARchigallo brother to Gorbomannus was crowned kyng 292 of Britaine he was in conditions vnlike to his brother for he deposed the noblemen and exalted the vnnoble He extorted from men their goods to enriche his treasurie for which cause by the estates of the Realme he was depriued of The King depriued his royall dignitie when he had raigned fiue yeares ELidurus the thirde sonne of Morindus and brother to 286 Archigallo was elected King of Brytaine a vertuous gentle Prince who gouerned his people iustly As he was hunting in a forrest by chaunce he met with his brother Archigallo whome moste louingly he embraced and found the meanes to reconcile him to his Lordes and then resigned to hym hys royall dignitie when he hadde raygned fiue yeares ARchigallo thus restored to his royall estate ruled the 282 people quietly and iustly tenne yeares and lyeth buryed at Yorke ELidurus aforenamed after the death of his brother Archigallo 272 for his pietie and Justice by the generall consent of the Brytaines was again chosen King But he raigned not passing two yeares but that his yonger brethren Vigenius and Peredurus raysed warre againste him tooke him prisoner and caste him into the Tower of newe Troy where he remayned during their raigne VIgenius and Peredurus after the taking of their brother 270 The tovvne of Pickering built Caxton I. Rouse reigned togither seuen yeares Vigenius then dyed and Peredurus raigned after alone two yeres He builded y e town of Pickering in the North parts of Yorkeshire ELidurus the thirde time was made king who continued 261 his latter raigne honourablie and iustlye but being sore brused with age and troubles he finished his life when hée had nowe lastlye raigned foure yeares and was buried at Carlile Gorbonian raigned in Brytaine ten yeares 258 248 2â—4 Morgan guided the Realme peaceably fourtéene yeres EMerianus his brother when hée had tyrannouslye raygned seauen yeares was deposed IVal was chosen King for his iustice and temperance which 227 gouerned peaceably twentie yeares RImo gouerned this Realme sixtéene yeares his time was 207 191 171 A good exaÌ„ple peaceable Geruncius reygned in Brytaine twenty yeares CAtellus raigned peaceably ten yeares he hung vp all oppressors of the poore to giue example vnto other COilus succeded Catellus who quietlye raigned twentie 161 yeres Porrex a vertuous and gentle Prince raigned fiue yeares 142 CHirimus throughe his drunkennesse raigned but one 136 135 133 132 131 136 1â—4 120 118 yeare Fulgen his son raigned two yeares in Brytaine Eldred raigned in Brytaine but one yeare Androgius likewise raigned but one yeare VRianus the sonne of Androgius wholy gaue himselfe to the lustes of the fleshe and raigned thrée yeares Eliud raigned fiue yeares who was a great Astronomer Dedantius King of Brytaine raigned fiue yeares Detonus raigned in this lande two yeares Gurgineus raigned thrée yeares in Brytaine Merianus was king of Brytaine two yeares 115 113 111 108 106 104 94 91 Prodigious signes 88 86 82 81 78 76 74 70 Bladunus gouerned thys lande of Brytaine two yeares Capenus raigned king of Brytaine thrée yeares Ouinus ruled this land of Brytaine two yeares Silius raigned in this land of Brytaine two yeares BLedgabredus raigned ten yeares and gaue himselfe to the studie of Musicke Archemalus was king of Brytaine two yeares ELdolus raigned foure yeares In his time diuerse prodigies were séene as Globes of fire bursting out of the ayre with great
the verye yeare that he conquered Kent subdued also this Suthred and annexed Essex to hys Kingdome yet London with the Countrey confining about it came not in subiection to the Weast-Saxons but obeyed the King of Mercia as long as that Kingdome continued Sigehricke and Sigehard afterwarde aspired to the Kingdome of East Saxon but with no good successe Mercians MErcia the fifth Kingdome and greatest of the other contayned Gloucester Hereford Chester Stafforde Wircester Oxforde Warwicke Darby Leicester Buckingham Northampton Notingham Lincolne Bedforde Huntington and parte of Hartforde shires It had on the Weast side the riuer Dee fast by Chester and Seuerne fast by Shrewsburie vnto Bristow in the East the East sea in the South Thamis vnto London in the North y ◠riuer Humber so Westward down to the riuer Merce vnto the corner of Wyrhall This kingdome of Merce in the beginning was departed into thrée parts into West Mercia middle Mercia and East Mercia it cōtayneth the diocesses of Lincolne Wircester Hereforde Couentrie and Lichfielde CReda the eleuenth from Woden firste King of the Mercies 586 raigned ten yeares ¶ Wibba his sonne raigned xx yeares 596 616 626 W. Malme ¶ Ceorlus his sonne raigned x. yeares PEnda the sonne of Wibba a manne actiue in warres but franticke and most wicked toke on him the kingdome of the Mercies when he was fiftie yeres old he shooke the Cities and disturbed the borders of the kings that were hys owne Countreymenne borne he slewe Edwin and Oswald kings of Northumberlande where Oswald was slaine is nowe scituate the town of Oswalstre which of him toke that name he also slew Sigebert Egfride and Anna kings of the East Angles which all were of holy life and conuersation hée banished Kenewallus king of West Saxons but in the ende himselfe was slaine by Oswyn which succéeded Oswald hys brother when he had raigned xxx yeares PEda the sonne of Penda succéeded in part of the Kingdome 656 W. Malme being preferred by the gift of Oswin whose daughter hée had taken to wife on condition he shoulde embrace Christianitie and forsake Idolatry This Peda was the first foūder of Medeshamsted now called Petarborow Through y t treason Peterborow founded of his wife he dyed sodainly when he had raigned after hys Father iij. yeares OSwine toke the Kingdome but he raigned there onely 659 thrée yeares VLferus brother to Peda earnestlye preferred Christianitie 662 whych hys brother had begonne but he was the first sayeth W of Malmesbery that throughe the sinne of Simony sold the Byshoprick of London vnto Wyna He raigned xvij yeares EThelred brother to Vlferus succéeded in the kingdome of 676 Bishops sea ◠VVorcester the Mercians hée obtayned a Byshoppes Sea to be in the Citie of Worcester Bosellus was firste Bishoppe there Egwinus was the second This Egwinus by the helpe of Kenredus King of Mercies founded the Monasterie of Euesham in a Ex Carta place then called Eouesham of the shepherdes fielde and Euesham house purchased by the saide Bishop The towne in the Saxons time was called Hotheholme Aboute the same time two Liber Tewks noble men named Odo and Dodo founded the Priorie of Tewkesbury Monastery of Gloucester Inscriptiones Gloucestriae Tewkesburie Also Osricke duke of Gloucester founded the Monasterie of Gloucester then since the same is a Bishops Sea Etheldred became a Monke at Bardoney when he had raigned xxx yeares KInredus sonne to Wolferus in the fifth yere of his raigne 706 went to Rome and became a Monke CElred the sonne of Ethelred who as he was maruellous 710 in prowes against Ina of the West Saxons so was he miserable by vntimely death for he rained not past viij yeres and was buried at Lichfielde EThelbalde raigned in continuall peace many yeares and 718 Chronicle of Holande Ro. Mai. Epistle of Boniface to Ethelbald then by the procurement of Beruredus was slaine of hys own subiects Unto this Ethelbald Boniface y e secōd Bishop of Verche in Holland after Archbishop of Mens vpon the Rijne an English māborn who was afterward martyred sent an Epistle of the whiche I will here sette downe a péece to be séene for that it sheweth partlye the state of that time and serueth for example in time to come TO his most deare Lorde and to be preferred in the loue of Christ aboue all other kings of England Edbaldus Boniface Archbishoppe the Germaine legate perpetual helth of charitie loue in Christ We acknowledge before God that we did reioyce to heare of your prosperitie your Faith and good workes and we be sory when we heare any thing that goeth against you eyther in successe of warre or in danger of your soule for we haue heard that you forbid thefte and robbery that you loue peace defende the widowe and the poore for the which we giue God thanks but in that you refuse lawfull marriage which if it were to the preferring of chastitie it were cōmendable and sith you wallow in leacherie and adultery with Uirgins consecrate to God it is both shamefull and damnable for it doth confounde your renowme bothe before God and man placing you among Idolators bicause you violate the temple of God Wherfore my deare sonne repent and remember how filthy a thing it is that thou who by the gifte of GOD raygnest ouer so many nations shouldest to the great displeasure of GOD make thy selfe a bonde slaue to thyne owne fleshly lust Wée haue hearde also that the more parte of noble men and people of the Mercians by thyne euill example haue left theyr lawfull wiues and haue defiled the wiues of other and also Uirgins whiche howe farre it differeth from all good order and honestie let the lawes of straunge nations touche you for in the auntient Countrey of the Saxons where was no knowledge of God if eyther a mayde in hyr fathers house or being married to an husband were become an aduoutresse she shoulde be strangled by hir own hande closed to hyr mouth and the corrupter shoulde be hanged Aduoutry amōg the Infidels pushed by death vpon the pitte where the aduoutresse was buryed If shée were not so vsed hyr garmentes being cutte awaye downe to the gyrdle-stéede the chaste matrones dyd scourge and whip hyr and pricke hyr wyth kniues and so was sent from Towne to Towne where other freshe and newe scourgers or whippers did méete and whippe hir vntyll they hadde killed hyr Likewise the Womedeans who are the moste vncleane kinde of people hadde thys manner of vsage wyth them that the husbande beyng deade the woman togyther wyth the deade bodye shoulde caste hyr selfe headlong into the fiered stacke or pile of woodde prepared for the burning of theyr bodyes If therefore the Gentiles not knowing GOD hadde so greate zeale to chastitie howe muche the more my deare sonne it is to be required at thy handes who arte a Christian and a King Haue therefore
called Etheldred his wife would by no meanes accompany hir husband but continued a Uirgine and after she had bin maried twelue yeares tooke at the handes of Wilfride the vaile and habite of a Nunne and builte the Monasterie of Eely where she was Abbesse Egfride hir husband fought a battell with Edilfride King of Mercia but after they were reconciled by Theodore the Bishop Then turning his power against Ireland he sente Berte thither who miserably destroyed the séely people But the yeare following he marched against the Pictes contrarie to the good counsell of S. Cuthbert whome he made Bishop and was slayne by them in an ambush when he had raigned fiftene yeares ALfride bastard sonne of Oswine succéeded after his brother 685 Egfride He did repaire y â— decayed state of Northumberland but coulde not recouer all that Picts Scottes and Brytaines tooke froÌ„ the Northumbers at the death of his brother He raigned ninetéene yeares OSred his sonne a child of eyght yeares succéeded who 704 wheÌ„ he had wickedly raigned eleuen yeares was murthered by his kinsmen Kenred and Osricke KEnred when he had slaine Osred ruled Northumberland 715 two yeares OSricke obteyned the Kingdome after xj yeares and elected Ceolnulph brother of Kenred to be his successor CEolnulph raigned in this prouince with great pietie 728 victorie viij yeares then forsooke the estate of a King and tooke the habite of a Moncke in the holy Iland Benedict who firste broughte Masons Paynting and Glasing into this Realme to the Saxons flourished at this Glasing brought among the Saxons Bede famous time Beda also that famous learned man liued at this time who dedicated his Historie of the Church of England to the forenamed Ceolnulph EGbert cousin germane to Ceolnulph raigned in Northumberland 736 Wil. Malme twenty yeares peaceably and then forsaking the Worlde entred into Religion and became a Monke his brother bearing the same name was Archbishop of Yorke which Sea he greatly aduanced and founded there a most woorthy Librarie replenished with all good Librarie at Yorke Authours OSwulfe succéeded his Father who was slayne by the 757 people in the first yeare of his raigne MOllo then tooke the regiment and after eleuen yeares 758 was traytecously murthered by Alerede ALered raigned after him eleuen yeares and was enforced 76â— by the people to leaue the Countrey AThelred or Etheldred the sonne of Mollo was aduanced 780 to the regiment of Northumberland by the people and the fifth yeare after was by them depriued AELfwold then was proclaymed King of Northumberland 785 and when he had raigned eleuen yeares was slayne by his subiects he lyeth buryed at Haugustald OSredé the sonne of Aelerede then succéeded but the firste 796 yeare he was depriued AEThelred or Etheldred who was before deposed now receyued 797 the Kingdome and when he had ruled foure yeares was also miserably slayne After his death thys Kingdome decayed and was pitifully ransacked by ciuill sedition and foraigne inuasions for the space of 30. yeares in whiche space there ruled héere withoute title of Kings ¶ Eardulfe ¶ Alfwold ¶ Eandred Lib. Aâ—tonensis ¶ Ethelred ¶ Readulfe ¶ Osbert which two last were slaine at Yorke by the Danes in a place yet to this day called Elle Crafte This Osbert rauished a Lady of his Countrey wife to Bernebokard in reuenge whereof the same Bernebokard fléeing into Denmarke returned againe with the Danes Hinguer and Hubba and ariued in holy Iland and so came to Yorke and there slew King Osbright ¶ Egbert then obteyned Northumberland RIcsy then vsurped it and after him Cuthred froÌ„ whome Sitricke the Dane gote it vnto whome King Athelstane the Monarche gaue his daughter in mariage Weast Saxons THe seanenth Kingdome was of the Weast Saxons which conteyned the Countreys of Barkeshire South-hampton Wiltshire Dorcetshire Somersetshire Deuonshire and Cornewall and hath dioceses Bathe and Welles Sarisburie and Exester hauing on the East side Southsex on the North side Thames on the South and the Weast the Sea Ocean This Kingdome although it tooke beginning long after the first comming of the Saxons yet the same endured longest and ouercomming all the other Kingdomes broughte them againe to one Monarchy CErdic the tenth from Woden with his sonne Kenrike landed in Britaine at a place called Cerdike shore and slew Natanleod King of the Britaines and fiue thousand men of whose name the Countrey as farre as Cerdikes foorde was called by the name of Natanleod CErdike and Kenrite began to raigne as Kings and 519 the same yeare they fought with the Britaine 's in a place called Cerdikes foorde and departed vanquishers After that they fought with the Britaynes in a place called Cerdicks lege They tooke the I le of Wight and gaue the same to their Nephewes Stuffe and Withgare and slewe the Britaines in Wethgarbirg He raigned xvij yeares Withgare the Nephew of Cerdic was buried at Withgarbrig or the Citie of Withgar KEnrike the sonne of Cerdic fought with the Britaine 's at 5â—6 Searesberige and afterwards at Beranbrige and at both times put them to flight and raigned xxv yeares CEaulin the sonne of Kenrike tooke vpon him the Kingdome 560 of the West Saxons In the beginning of his raigne he discomfited Ethelbert King of Kent and slew his two Dukes Oslaue and Cnebban at Wibbandune Afterward his brother Cutholfe vanquished the Britaines at Bedford and wanne from them the townes of Liganburge Egelsburge Bensington and Eignesham Sixe yeres after Ceaulin slew thrée kings of the Britaines Commeaile Condidâ—n Fariemeile at Deorham and tooke thrée Cities from them Glocester Cirencester and Bathancester After he fought with the Britaine 's at Fethanleah in which Tho. Rudborne Leyland he had the victorie but lost his sonne Cutha for now his fortune changed and when he had raigned xxxiij yeares he was ouercome at Wodnesbeorhe or Wannes ditch in Wilshire and expelled out of his Kingdome by the Britaines CEalrike the sonne of Cutholfe ruled the West Saxons fiuâ— 591 yeares CEolnulfe son of Cutha before named succéeded who had 598 continuall warres either with the Englishmen with Britaines with the Scottes or with the Pictes and lastly moued warre against the South Saxons and there dyed when he had raigned fourtéene yeares KInegilsus the sonne of Ceolrike succéeded He brought his 611 Marian. Floria. Wâ—g host against the Britaines into Beandune and there â—lew of them two thousand xlvj He also fought with Penda King of Mercians néere vnto Cirencester and after made peace with him And shortly after VVestsex baptised in the yeare of Christ 635. by the preaching of Berinus King Kinegilsus and all his people receiued the Christian faith to whome King Oswald was Godfather at the Font of which Kings the said Berinus had granted to him the Citie of Dorchester and builded there an house of Canons for Vita Berini his Bishops Sea Kinegilsus raigned xxvij yeares
Dorchester a Bishops Sea 6â—8 GVichiline the sonne of Kinegilsus was baptised by Berinus the Bishop in the Citie of Dorchester and deceased the same yeare CVthredus the sonne of King Guicheline was baptised 639 at Dorchester by Berinus the Bishop who was his Godfather at the Font. He raigned foure yeares KEnnewalcus the sonne of King Kinegilsus tooke on him 64â— VVinchester a Bishops Sea Malmesbery buylded Vita Aldelmâ— the Kingdome of the West Saxons He founded the Cathedral Church in Winchester placing there a Bishops sea He gaue Meydulfus burgh to Aldelmus the Abbot there to builde a Monasterie Afterwarde béeing infested with warres by Penda King of the Mercians bycause he had forsaken his wife sister of the sayd Penda was by him driuen out of his Kingdome and fledde to Anna King of East Angles where he was baptised of Bishop Foelix and after was restored to his kingdome by the help of the forenamed Anna. He raigned xxx yeares After whom Quéene Sexburgeo his wife gouerned a while She fouÌ„ded a Monastery of Nunnes in the I le of Shepey and became hir selfe a Nunne and after Abbesse of Eely EAsâ—winus Nephew to Kinegilsus succéeded he fought a 67â— battell against Wulfere King of Mercia in a place called Bidanheafod He raigned two yeares KEnewinus sonne to Kinnegilsus chased the Britaine 's euen 676 to the Sea shore and raigned nine yeares CAdwalla Nephew to Ceauline succéeded in the Kingdome 685 He slew Berthune Duke of the South Saxons and brought Marianus that prouince vnder gréeuous bondage After that he his brother Mull wasted Kent subdued the I le of Wight which till that time was giueÌ„ to Idolatrie wherof he purged them giuing the fourth part therof to Bishop Wilfride who appoynted Preachers to conuerte the people of that I le to Christianitie Ceadwalla once agayne spoyling the Countrey of Kent his brother Moll and xij of his Knightes were slaine by fire cast vpon them after which tune euen before he was baptised he gaue for tithe or tenth to God all the pray and spoyles he had gotten to his Wil. Malme owne vse in whome saith Malmesburie although we prayse his affection we allow not the example for it is written that who so offereth the sacrifice of poore folkes good doth as it were sacrifice the sonne in the sight of his Father This being done he went to Rome to be baptised when he had raigned two yeares ouer the West Saxons INe raigned among the West Saxons a noble man of great 687 Asser power and wisedome and therewith valiant and hardie in feates of armes very expert he mainteined such warre against the Kentish Saxons that he constrayned them to séeke and intreate meanes of peace giuing to him for the same great giftes 30000. Mancas péeces of Gold so named This Ine was the sonne of Kenred the sonne of Ceadwolde brother to Keadwold and sonne to Chenling sonne Marian. of Kenri sonne of Cerdic the first King of the Weast Saxons This man builded first the Colledge of Welles Colledge of VVelles and Abbey of Glastenbury builded He also builded the Abbey of Glastenburie and payde the Peter Pence first to Rome When he had gouerned the Weast Saxons by the space of seauen and thirtie yeares by the earnest laboure of hys wife Etheldreda which was Abbesse of Barking in Essex he gaue vp his royall dignitie and went to Rome EThelard kinsman on the fathers side to Ine succéeded in 726 the Kingdome notwithstanding Oswald a yong man of the Kings bloud did disturbe the beginning of his raigne Wil. Malme for he stirred vp Rebellion among the inhabitants but not long after he died and then Ethelard raigned quietly fouretéene yeares ENthrede his kinsman made warre on Ethelwald King of Mercia and against the Britaines and had of them the victorie In hys tyme there appeared two Blasing Starres rasting as it were burning brands towards the North. He Blasing Starres raigned sixtéene yeares The Englishmen buryed not the bodyes of their dead Antiqui Britan. Ecclesi Buriall in Church-yardes in Cities vntill the time of Cuthbert Archbishop of Canterburie who procured of the Pope that in Cities there should be poynted Church-yardes SIgebert was made King of the Weast Saxons He was cruell 757 W. Malme Scal. Croâ—â— and tirannous towards his subiects and chaÌ„ged antient Lawes and customes after his owne lust and pleasure and bycause a certayne noble man some deale sharply aduertised him to change his manners he put him to cruell death and for so muche as he continued in his malice and would not amend he was depriued of al kingly authoritie A Tirant came to a miserable end and shamefull death and lastly as a person forlorne wandring in woods and hiding himselfe in caues of wilde Beastes he was slayne in Andreds Walde by a Swineheard whose Lorde and mayster called Cumbra he had wrongfully put to death wheÌ„ he had not raigned one yeare KEnulphus of the bloud of Cerdicus appeased certayne 757 murmours and grudges that were amongst the people for the deposing of his predecessor Sigebert He founded the Bishops sea at VVelles founded Cathedrall Churche of Welles As he haunted a woman which he kept at Merton he was slayne by treason of one Olio the kinsman of Sigebert late King when he had raigned nine and twentie yeares and was buryed at Winchester BRithricus of the bloud of Cerdicus was made King of 786 Weast Saxons He maryed Eadburga the Daughter of Offa King of Mercia by whose power he expelled Egbert that was an vnder King in the Lordship of the Weast Saxons In his tyme it rayned blond whiche falling on mens Bloud rayned clothes appeared like Crosses In Anno 800. the Danes arriued in the I le called Portland The Danes first ariued in this land but by the puissance of Brithricus and other Kings of the Saxons they were ouercome at Donmouth driuen backe and compelled to auoyde the land Marianus The King poyfoned by his vvife Brithricus was poysoned by his wife Ethelburga when he had raigned seaueÌ„téene yeares was buryed at Warham For this déede the Nobles ordeyned that from thenceforth the Kings wiues should not be called Quéenes nor suffered to sitte with them in place of estate Eadburge with infinite treasure fled into France where offering a greate portion of hir Golde to King Charles of France he sayd vnto hir choose Eadburge whome thou wilte haue to thy Husband me or my sonne and she answered if choyse be granted me I choose your sonne bycause he is younger than you then quoth Charles if thou hadst chosen After a vvicked life follovved a miserable end to Queene Eadburge me thou shouldest haue had my sonne but bycause thou hast chosen my sonne thou shalt haue neyther him nor me and then gaue to hir a Monasterie wherein she professed hirselfe a Nunne and became their Abbesse a few yeares but afterwards
belonging An Earthquake in England Earthquake Henry Bloys Bishop of Winchester builded the Hospitall Liber canonitrinitatis of Saint Crosse neare vnto Winchester The same hadde béene a Hospitall in the Saxons time but after spoyled by the Danes There was greate darkenesse in England and the Sunne 1133 Anno reg 34. VVorcester brent became like the Moone in the thyrd quarter Worcester as it had oft before chaunced was sore defaced with fire Mawde the Empresse brought forth a sonne named Geffrey for which cause King Henrie went ouer into Normandie Robert Shorthose King Henries brother died in the Castel 1134 Anno reg 35 Robert Shortâ—ose died 1135 Anno reg 36 Death of King Henrie Mathew Paris of Cardife and was buried at Glocester King Henrie remayning in Normandie vpoÌ„ a day did eat Lampraies wherof he toke a surfeite and deceased the firste day of December Anno. 1135. when he had raigned 35. yeres 4. monthes his bowels braynes and eyes were buried at Roan the rest of his bodie was pondered with salt and wrapped in Bulles hydes bycause of the stincke which poysoned them that stood about him The Phisition which being hyred with a great reward to cleaue his heade to take out y e brain with the stinck therof died so that he enioyed not the reward that was couenaunted Thus among a gret many that king Henrie slew this Phisition was the last King Henrie was buried at Reding which he had foundeâ— He also founded the Priorie of Dunstable he conuerted a rich Colledge of Prebends in the Towne of Cirencester into an Abbay of Chanons regular he also builded â— Leyland there an Hospitall of Saint Iohn and newe builded the Castel of Windsor with a Colledge there ⸪ ¶ King Stephen STephen Earle of Morton Anno reg 1 W. Malme Floriacencis Gernasius Do. Ypodigma and of Boloigne sonne to the Earle of Bloys Adela William Conquerours daughter and nephew to king Henrie the firste claymed the kyngdome the seconde daye of December Anno. 1135. He comming into Englande was repulsed by them of Douer shutte out by them of Canturburie but receiued of y e Londoners and Péeres of the land admitted king and crowned at Westminster on Saint Stephens daye by William Archbishop of Canturburie This was a noble man and hardy of passing comely fauour and personage he excelled in martiall pollicie gentlenesse and liberalitie toward all men especially in the beginning and although he had continuall warre yet did he neuer burden his commons with exactions But vniustly and contrarye to his othe made to Mawde the Empresse daughter Fire at London to King Henrie he toke on him the crowne of England Fire which began in the house of one Ailward neare LoÌ„don Liber trinitatis London Thomas Wikes 1136 Excester besieged Ger. Dorobor stone consumed Eastward to Algate and Westwarde to Saint Erkenwalds shrine in Poules Church King Steuen assembling a great armye of Englishmen and Flemmings entred into Deuonshire and besieged the Castell of Excester a long time whiche Baldwine de Riuers helde against him but at length when they within the Castel wanted necessarie things to liue by they compounded Baldwine with hys wife and children are disherited and expulsed the lande A battayle was fought at Goher betwixte Normans and Walshmen where a hundred and. xvj persons on bothe sides Battaile against the vvalchmen were slaine whose bodies laye in the fieldes and were horribly torne and deuoured of Wolues After this was made greate eruptions by the Walchmen who destroyed Churches Townes Castels corne cattayle slewe men women and children riche and poore or solde theÌ„ in forraine countries In October a sore battayle was fought at Cardigan in the which such slaughter of men was made that the men except which were led awaye captiue there were of women taken and ledde away that there remayned to the tenth a thousaÌ„d their husbands with their small children partelye drowned partly brent partly slaine so that the bridge being broken ouer the riuer of Tinde there was a bridge made of mens bodies Anno reg 2. and horsses drowned In March King Steuen passed the Sea to subdue NormaÌ„die 1137 Ypodigma Rochester Richard Diuiensis where he toke many Cities and strong Castels The thirde of June Sainte Andrewe in Rochester was brent with all the Citie and the Bishoppes and Monkes houses The fourth of June Saint Peters the Archbishops sea in Saint Peters in Yorke Yorke Saint Maries without the wals and an Hospital whiche the Archbishoppe Thrustoâ— had builded with 39. other Churches also the Trinitie Church in the suburbes of the same Citie within a small time after were brent Also Saint Peters Church at Bathe and all the Citie the The Citie of Bath brent Liber Roff. Geruasius Dorâ— Floriacensis Anno. reg 3. 27. of June was brent And the same moneth the citie of Leogere was consumed with fire England began to fall into great troubles whych caused King Steuen to returne out of Normandy before he had finished his businesse there Kyng Stephen besieged Bedford and wonne it then he weÌ„t 1138 Bedford besieged Floriacencis Geruasius with a strong power into Northumberlande where he stayed not long but went to Glocester where the Citizens receyued him with greate reioycing Miles the Kings Conestable broughte him into the Kings Pallace there where all the Citizens were to him sworne From thence he wente to Hereford bicause that he heard the Castel was holdeÌ„ against him and on Whitsonday he sate crowned in the Churche of Hereford When they that kept the Castell sawe the Kyngs power to encrease they yéelded themselues The King tooke also the Castell of Webheleyge whych Geffrey Talbot hadde helde agaynste hym The same day that the Kyng departed Hereford brent out of Hereforde all beyond the Ryuer of Wye was brente by the saide Geffrey The King returned to Oxforde where he tooke Roger the Bishop of Sarum with the Byshop of Lincolne and his sonne Roger the Bishop of Eely escaping went to the Castell of Vies and kept it against the King but at lengthe it was deliuered The same time Robert Earle of Gloucester renounced his allegeaunce to King Stephen fortified Bristow and other Castells Also Miles the Kings Conestable reuolted Wherfore Bristovv besieged the Kyng besieged the Castell of Bristow but at length being wearyed he tourned to other of the Earles Castels and séeing hys enimyes still encreasing he called out of Flaunders Anno reg 4. Ypodigma men of warre wyth Wylliam de Ypers their leader whose counsell he chiefly followed The same yeare Roger Byshop of Salisbury a great builder Geruasius Doâ—o of Castelles and Houses departed this life There was founde in hys Coffers fortie thousande Markes of siluer besides much golde and dyuers Jewels that came to the kings hande so that he hadde gathered treasure but wist not for whom The Nobles sent for Mawd the Empresse promising hir
vpon Bakers for making Anno. reg 16. 1476 of light bread he caused diuers of them to be set on the Pillorie in Cornehill And also one Agnes Daintie a Butter-wife for felling of butter new and olde myngled together Agnes Daintie set on the pillerie being first trapped with butterdishes was then set on the pilery The Countesse of Oxforde deceassed and was buryed at Windsor Richard Rawson William Horne the 28. of Sept. Sherifes This Richard Rawson one of the Sherifes of LondoÌ„ caused to be builded one house in the Church yarde of S. Marie Hospitle without Byshopsgate of London where the Maior of that Cittie and his brethren the Aldermen vse to sit and heare the Sermons in the Easter holydayes as in tymes past appeared by an inscription on the front of the same house now by wethering defaced which I haue red in these wordes Pray for the soules of Richard Rawson late Mercer and Alderman of London and Isabel his wife of whose goods this worke was made and founded Anno Domi. 1488. Ralph Ioâ—celine Draper the 28. of October Maior By the diligence of this Maior the Wall about London was newe made betwixte Aldgate and Creplegate the caused Part of London vvâ—â—â— nevv builded the Moore field to be fearched for Clay the Bricke â—o be made burnt there he also caused Chalke to be brought out of Kent and in the same Moore fielde to be brent into Iohn Rouse Lyme for the furtheraunce of that worke The Maior with his company of the Drapers made all that parte betwixte Byshops gate and Athalowes Church in the same Wall And Byshops gate itselfe newe builded by the Marchauntes Almaynes Byshops gate nevv builded of the Stillyard and from Alhallowes Churche toward Mooregate a great part of the same was builded of the goods and by the executors of sir Iohn Crosseby late Alderman of London as may appeare by his armes in two places fixed Anno reg 17. 1477 The companie of Skynners made that parte of the wait betwéene Aldgate and Buryes Markes towardes Byshops gate as may appeare by their armes in thrée places fixed the other companyes of the Cittie made the other deale of the sayde Wall which was a great worke to be done in one yeare Thomas Burdet an Esquier of Arrowe in Warwikeshire Burdet for a vvord spoken beheaded sonne to sir Nicholas Burdet who was great butlar of Normandie in Henry y â— sixt dayes was beheaded for a worde spoken in this sort K. Edward in his progresse hunted in Tho. Engwarant Burdets parke at Arrow flew many of his Deare amongst the which one was a white bucke wherof Tho Burdet made great account therfore when he vnderstoode therof he wished Register of the Grey Friers the buckes head in his belly y â— moued the King to kyll it Which tale being told to the King Burdet was appreheÌ„ded accused of treason for wishing the buckes head hornes all in the Kings belly he was condemned drawne from the Towre of London to Tyburne and there beheaded then buried in the grey friers Church at London Henrie Collet Iohn Stocker the 28. of Sept. Sherifes Maior Humfrey Heyford Goldsmith the 28. of October The. xv day of Januarie K. Edward the fourth solemnized the Matrimoniall feast of his sonne the Duke of Yorke and Lady Aâ—â—e daughter sole heire to Iohn Duke of Norfolke The. xvj day of Januarie began a Parliament at Westminster Duke of Clarence murdred Anno reg 18 where George Duke of Clarence K. Edwards brother was attainted of treason and y â— xj of March after he had offred his owne Masse penny in y â— Tower of LondoÌ„ made his end in a vessell of Maluesey after buried at Tewkesburie by his wife somtime daughter to y â— erle of Warwike which being with childe died of poyson but a little before him Margaret Dutches of Burgoygne sent to hir brother King 1478 Edward of England for aide against the Frenche King which he would in no case graunt to do but sent Ambassadors to y â— French King with leâ—ing letters requiring him to growe to â—â—â—e reasonable agréement w t the sayd Lady of Burgoygne Robert Hâ—â—ding Robert Byfield the 18. of Sept. Sherifes Maior Anno. reg 19 1479 Richard Gardiner Mercer the 28. of October This yere was a great mortalitie death of y â— pest not onâ—â—â—â— LondoÌ„ but in diuers partes of y â— Realme which begaÌ„ in the â—â—tter end â—â—â—â—pt in the yéere laâ—â— befor a passed continued all this yéere till the beginning of Noue â—â—her which was aboute xiiij monethes in the which space dyed innumerable of people in the saâ—d Citie and else where This yéere the Maior of London being in Paules knéeling in his deuotions at Saint Erkenwaldes shrine Robert Byfield one of the Sherifes vnaduisedly knéeled downe nigh vnto the Maior whereof afterward the Maior charged him to haue done more then becommed him but the Sherife answering rudely and stubbornly would not acknowledge to haue committed any offence for the which he was afterwarde by a court of Aldermen fyned at fiftie pounde to bée payde towarde the reparations of the Condites in London which was truely payde Thomas Ilam Iohn Ward the 28. of September Sherifes Maior Sir Bartholmew Iames Draper the 28. of October This Thomas Ilam one of the Sherifs last before named newly builded the great Condite in Cheape of his owne charges This yéere King Edward began his Christmas at Waking and at fiue dayes end remoued to Greenewich where he kept out the other part of his Christmas with great Royaltie The. xxij day of Februarie were fiue notable théeues put to death for robbing the Church called S. Martins le graund Anno reg 20 1480 in London and other places thrée of them were drawne to the Towre hill hanged and brent the other two were pressed to death Thomas Daniell William Bacon the 28. of Sept. Iohn Browne Mercer the 28. of October King Edwarde required great summes of money to bée tent him the Citizens of London graunted him 5000. marks Anno. reg 21 1481 which was sessed of the. xxv wardes which 5000. markes was truely repayde againe in the next yéere following This yéere on Whitsonday King Edward the fourth created the Lord Barkeley Uicount Barkeley at Grenewiche An house on London bridge called the common siege or priuie fell down into the Thames where through it fiue persons â—ala tempo were then drowned Robert Tate William Wiking the 28. of Sept. Sherifes Maior Richard Chawrie the first of Februarie William Harriot Draper the 28. of October This yéere King Edward with his Quéene kept a Royal Christmas at Windsor About the ende of Januarie deceassed William Wiking one of the Sherifes of London In whose place was chosen Richard Chawrie on the first of Februarie King Edwarde so greatly fauoured this Maior that he Anno
this Maiors yeare Corne rose to fourtéene shillings the quarter and wood waxed scant in London and was sold for thirtéene and fourtéene shillings the thousand of â—illets and coles at tenpence the sacke by reason of the great death and sicknesse the last Sommer for lacke of heÌ„lp and carriage King Philip being absent out of the Realme and Quéene Mary being dangerously sicke ended hir life at hir Manour of Saint Iames by Charing crosse the xvij of Nouember in the yeare 1558. when she had raigned fiue yeares four monethes and odde dayes The same daye deceassed Cardinall Poole at Lambheath and a little before two of hir Phisitions besides diuers Bishops and noble men Quéene Mary was buryed at Westminster and Cardinall Poole at Canterbury ¶ Queene Elizabeth ELizabeth our most gratious Anno reg 1. and soueraigne Lady second daughter to King Henry the viij to the great comfort of Englande was with full consent proclaimed Quéene of England France and Irelande Defender of the Fayth c. on the xvij of Nouember in the yeare of oure Lorde God 1558. Forthwith the Portes and Hauens were stopped and none suffered to passe out of the Realme without licence Proclamation was made forbidding all men to Preach saue such as should be appoynted also to alter any rytes or Ceremonies vsed in the Church saue as it was in hir graces Chappell The xxiij of Nouember Quéene Elizabeth came from The Queene commeth from Hatfild Bishops Hatfield in Hertfordshire vnto the Lord Northes house in the late Charterhouse of London the Sheriffes of London méeting hir Grace at the farther ende of Barnet Towne within the Shere of Middlesex and so rode before hir till the came to the Charterhouse Gate next Aldersgate where hir Grace remayned On Monday the eyght and twentith of Nouember about The Queene â—emoueth to the Tovver two of the clocke in the after noone Quéene Elizabeth rode from the Lorde Northes house along by the Barbycane in at Creeplegate then along by the wall to Bishopsgate which Gate was richly hanged where the Waytes of the Citie playde and ouer against the Kings head Tauerne a Scholler of Paules Schoole made a short Oration to hir Maiestie in Latin Uerses the company of the Mercers standing in theyr rayles next the Scholler and so all the other Companyes of the Citie in order from thence to Mart Lane ende nexte vnto Barking Church in Tower streete the Lorde Maior of London riding wyth Mayster Garter King at Armes bearing a Scepter before hir Maiestie whiche Lorde Maior mette hir at the Charterhouse Gate nexte Aldersgate where Mayster Recorder saluted hir Grace in the name of the Lorde Maior and the whole Citie and so with Lordes Knightes and Gentlewomen richly apparelled brought hir to the Tower of London but when hir Grace entered at Mart Lane a peale of Gunnes beganne to be shotte off at the Tower whiche continued almost halfe an houre The fifth of December the Quéene remoued by water from the Tower to Somerset place néere to the Strand The xiij of December the corpse of Quéene Mary was honourably conuayed from Saint Iames to the Abbey of Queene Mary buryed Westminster and there placed vnder a rich Hearse decked with penons banners and Schutchions of the Armes of Englande and France where she remayned that nighte and on the morrow after the Masse of Requiem and a Sermon preached by Doctor White Bishop of Winchester was ended she was buryed in the Chappell of King Henry the seauenth on the North side The xxiiij of December was solemne obsequie kept in Obsequie for Charles the Emperour the Abbey of Westminster for Charles the fifth late Emperour which deceassed in Spayne in the moneth of September last past Quéene Maryes herse yet standing altered with the Armes of the Emperour and richly hanged with a rich pall-cloth of gold lying on the hearse the Emperours Embassadour being chiefe mourner with other Péeres and Lords of England assistant with him c. The first of January the Lord Maior and Aldermen gaue in commandement to euery warde in London that the Procession Epistle and Gospell in English Parson or Curate in euery Parish Church in London should reade the Epistle and Gospell of the day in the Englishe tong in the Masse time and the English Procession then vsed in the Quéenes Chappell according to a Proclamation sent from hir Maiestie and priuie Counsell proclaymed in the Citie of London the xxx of December which commandement was that day obserued in most parish Churches of the Citis The ninth of January in the morning the Image of Thomas Becket which stoode ouer the dore of the Mercers Image of Thomas Becket throvvne dovvne Chappell in London toward the stréete was found broken and cast downe and a bill set on the Church dore deprauing the setters vp thereof The xij of January the Quéenes Maiestie remoued from hir place of White hall to the Tower by water the Lorde Maior of London and his bréethren the Aldermen in their Barge and all the Craftes of the Citie in their Barges richly decked with targets and banners of euery mysterie The Batchelers of the Maiors companie in their Barge with a Foyst hauing thrée toppes trimmed and richly decked to wayte on them which shotte off gunnes all the way all these awayted on hir Maiestie who tooke hir Barge about two of the clocke in the after noone the Lord Maior folowing after and euery company in order with great melodie of musicall instruments till hir grace was through London bridge and landed at hir priuie staire of the Tower Wharffe and then the Maior after leaue taken and thankes of the Quéene returned through the Bridge with the floud and landed at the Three Cranes Wharffe in the Uintrie The xiiij of January at which time the Londoners had made sumptuous prouision the Quéenes Maiestie passed through the Citie of London to hir Palace at Westminster Coronation the next day she was Crowned by Doctor Oglethorp Bishop of Carelile The xxv of January began a Parliament at Westminster Parliament before the States whereof Doctour Coxe late come from beyond the Seas and sometime Schoolemayster to King Edward the sixth made a learned Sermon In this Parliament the first fruites and tenthes were granted to the Crowne and also the supreme gouernemeÌ„t ouer the state Ecclesiasticall Likewise the Booke of commoÌ„ Prayer and administration of the Sacraments in our vulgar tongue was restored to be done as in the time of King Edward the sixth In the Easter Holydayes preached at the Spittle Doctour Bill the Quéenes Almoner Doctour Coxe and Doctour Horne the two last came lately from beyond the seas On Lowsonday the seconde of Aprill Mayster Sampson made the rehearsall Sermon at Paules Crosse The iij. of Aprill the Quéenes Maiestie appoynted a coÌ„ference or disputation to be had at Westminster Church betwéene 1559 the olde Bishops and certayne learned men late A conference at VVestminster come
noyse c. Rodianus was king of Brytaine two yeares Redargius raigned king of Brytaine thrée yeares Samulius raigned king of Brytaine two yeares Penisellus was king of Brytaine thrée yeares Pyrrhus ruled this land of Brytaine two yeares Caporus was king of Brytaine two yeares DInellus the son of Caporus a iust and vertuous prince gouerned this Real me foure yeares HElius his sonne raigned not fully one yere Of this prince the I le of Elie toke the name LVd the eldest sonne of Hely succéeded his father he ameÌ„ded 66 Lud repayred fortified London Flores Hist his laws and toke away al vsages that wer nought moreouer he repayred the Citie of new Tâ—â—y with faire buildings and waltestand builded on the Weast parte thereof a strong gate which vnto this time retayneth the â—â—â—ne of him and is called Ludgate Finally he dyed leauing after hym two sonnes Androgius and Theomantius who not being Ludston or London toke the name of king Lud. of the age â—o gouerned their vncle Cassibelan obtayned the Crown London toke the name of Lud and was called Ludston He was buried nere to the same Ludgate in a Temple which he there â—â—ilded CAssibelanus the sonne of Hely after the deathe of his brother 58 Iohn Bâ—le Iulius Caesar his first voyage into England Eutropiuâ— Lud was made gouernour of Brytaine which ruled xix yeares In the. viij yeare of his raigne Iulius Caesar coâ—â—â—ing vnto that parte where Caleys and Boloigue now stand determined to make warre into Brytaine which Eutropiuâ— vntil that time remained vnfrequented and vnknown of the Romains His quarrell was bicause y e in the wars of FraÌ„ce Casars Commentaries he perceyued the Frenchmen to haue much succour and ayde from thence And bycause he could not vnderstand nor learn the greatnesse or state of the IlaÌ„d neither what nations they were whiche inhabited the same nor what lawes customes or kinde of gouernemente they vsed nor yet what Hauens they had able to receyue any number of ships he sent Caius Volusenus before with a Galley to discouer as muche as hée coulde concerning those matters who within fiue dayes after retourned to Caesar declaring such things as he had learned by coasting alongst the shore for he durste not for feare of the Brytaines stirre out of his Galley In the meane space there came Embassadours from many Cities of the Isle and deliuered him Hostages with whom he sent Comius of Arras charging him to exhort and perswade the reste of the Cities and Countyes to do the like And he himselfe shortly after hauing prepared lxxx ships sayled into Brytaine where Tvvo voyages of Caesar at the first being wearied with an harde and sharpe battayle and after with sodaine tempest his nauie almost destroyed he retourned againe into Fraunce there to winter his men The next Spring which was the yere before Christ 51. his Nauye being newe rigged and encreased he passed the Seas againe with a greater armye but whiles hée went towards his â—â—imies on land his ships lying at Anker were driuen on the sands where they stacke fast or else throughe beating one against another with force of the tempest they were destroyed so that xl were lost the other with muche labour were saued In the meane space Saeua one of Caesars soldiours Eutropius with foure others who before in a small vessel were conueyed to a rocke neare the Isle and by ebbing of the OceaÌ„ being for saken a greate number of Brytaines fell on a fewe Romaines and some of his companions though but fewe found meanes to returne by boate but Saeua remained with out fear in y e midst of his enimies darâ—s first with his speare he reâ—â—sted them after with his sword he alone foughte against many of them and when he was both wearie wouÌ„ded and had lost his helmet and shielde with two light harnesses he ranne to Caesars tents and asked pardoÌ„ of the Emperor for his ouerboldnesse who not onely forgaue him but honored him with the Office of a Centurion Upon land Caesars horssemen at the first encounter were vanquished Laberius Durus the Tribune slaine in a place now called ChestoÌ„ wood neare vnto Rochester as saith the Chronicle of Wygmore Cro Wigmore At the second conflict not w tout great daunger of his men he put the Brytaines to fight from thence he went vnto the riuer Thamis on y e further side wherof Cassibelanus with a great multitude of people was kéeping the banks who had set all the sayde bankes and al the shallow places vnder the Casars Comen water with sharpe stakes euery one of them as big as a maÌ„s thighe bounde aboute with leade and driuen so fast into the bottom of the riuer that they can neuer be remoued so saith Bede Asser Bede and Asser who affirme that in their times the sayde stakes were easilye perceiued to remaine as aforesayd But Cassibelanus and his Brytains not being able to resist the violence and force of the Romaines hid themselues in woods with sodaine eruptions oftentimes inuaded them but in the London submitted to Caesar meane time London their strongest Citie submitted it selfe deliuered hostages to Caesar who at their request placed MaÌ„dubratius to be their gouernour whose Father called Imanentius being chiefe Lord or ruler of the Trinobants Cassibelane had before slaine wherewith Mandubratius fled and comming to Caesar not only submitted hymself but also was a great meanes as many doe write for Caesar to subdue the rest yet did Cassibelane sende messengers to the foure Kings that ruled in the quarters of Kente that with al theyr puissance they shold set on the Romaines that lay next theÌ„ their names wer Cingetorex Caruilius Taximagulus Segonax who obeying his requeste were discomfited and Cingetorex taken wherewithal Cassibelane being dismayed after many losses was constrayned to giue pledges and to agrée that Brytaine shoulde become tributarie to Romaines Then Caesar Iulius Câ—sar conquering the vvorld vvas slain vvith bodkins Eutropius Iohn Lydgate Plinie Suetonius The Castels of Douer Cauterbury Rochester the tovver of London built Salisbury Chichester Excester builded like a conquerour with a great number of prisoners sayled into Fraunce and so to Rome where after his retourne out of Brytaine he consecrated to Venus a surcotte of Brytayne Pearles the desire wherof partly moued him to inuade this Countrey shortlye after he was by the Senate slaine in the Counsel house Iohn Lydgate Iohn Rouse and others write that Iulius Caesar builded in this lande the Castels of Douer of Canturburie Rochester and the Towre of London the Castell and towne of Caesars Burie taking his name after Caesar the which is now called Salisburie He also edifyed Caesars Chester that now is called Chichester and the castel of Excester c Caesar in his Commentaries fayth the Brytons coyne was Caesars CoÌ„menmentaries touching the barbarousnesse of Brytons of brasse or else rings of Iron sized at a
all Emperoures were Christians In the firste beginnyng of hys raygne hée was worthye to haue bene compared wyth the beste and chiefest Princes of the Romaines that euer were and at the ende thereof to be resembled to such as were of the meaner sort He was much giuen to purchase prayse and fame by feates of cheualrie hée had good fortune in battaile and yet not so good but that his industrye excelled it farre After he had repressed the ciuill warres he vanquished the Gothes in diuerse places and wanne greate memorie of prayse among the Barbarians He applyed himselfe wholly to the studye of the Liberal artes he endeauored to gayne the loue of the people through his well deseruings séeking the same by his great liberalitie The Cittie whiche he builte he made it able to compare in manner with Rome it selfe Constantinople And as he made prepation for battaile against the Parthians he died at Nicomedia Eusebius writeth that Constantine was baptised firste in Eusebius the last dayes of his life in Gracia in the Cittie of Nicomedia of the Bishoppe there Also Sozomenus Theodoritus write that he was baptized Sozomenus in his latter dayes a little before his death when he wist he should dye in the xxxj yere of hys Empire He left behinde him thrée sonnes to witte Constantinus Constans and Constantius to succéede him in the Empire Theodoritus Helen y e mother of Constantine the great at Ierusalem fouÌ„d the Crosse on the which Christ suffered his passion she repaired the Citie of Ierusalem and adorned it with manye fayre Churches She builded walles aboute London and Colchester About this time Octauius whom Constantine had left gouernour Octauius Simon Dunelmensis in this Ilande rebelled against whom Constantine sent Traherne wyth a legion of Romaines who after diuerse conflictes was slaine Gratianus surnamed Funarius was at this time gouernour of the Romaine legions here COnstantinus beganne his Empire and raigne ouer Brytain 337 w t him his Father Constantine had appointed by his laste will that hys two brethren Constans and Constantius shoulde participate and haue theyr portion of the Empyre but not long after when Constantinus attempted warre agaynste hys brother at Aquileia and demeaned hymselfe vnaduisedlye therein he was slayne and then was the Empire reduced vnder the gouernement of the two brethreÌ„ only COnstans then ruled Brytain which he administred with 340 greate iustice but after when he fayled of hys health he associated vnto him in stéede of friendes euil desposed persoÌ„s to assist him throughe whose euill counsell he declyned into horrible vices by meane whereof waxing scant tollerable of the inhabitantes of the prouinces he was slaine by Magnentius who vsurped the Empire in France Spaine Brytaine also as some write COnstantius then had the regiment of Brytaine who sent 353 hither a Spaniarde called Paule a notarie by profession to bring out certaine men of warre whiche had conspired wyth Amianus Magnentius but he vpon false surmises grieuously molested the guiltlesse fettering and manacling whome hée pleased Martinus Wherevpon Martinus then lieuetenant in Brytaine being moued with compassion desired hym to forbeare the harmelesse but he was so rigorous that he also charged Martinus himselfe of conspiracie with Magnentius and was earnest to bring him before the Emperour wherevppon Martinus drawing his sword sâ—it at him and bycause he coulde not slaye him he sodainely slewe himselfe and Paule embrued with bloud haled a gret company linked in chaynes to the Emperours presence which were eyther banished executed or attainted Constantius after this appointed Iulianus to gouerne Amianus Marcellinus Gaule or Fraunce at whiche time greate spoyle was made in Brytaine by the Scottes and Pictes wherefore Iulianus busied with warre against the Almains sente Lupcinus hyther with an armye in whose absence Iulianus vsurped the Empyre whereof when Constantius hearde he retourned from the warre against the Parthians against Iulianus and dyed in the way IVlianus called the Apostata began his raign ouer Brytain 362 the Empire a maÌ„ séen passing wel in the Liberal scieÌ„ces but an earnest aduersarie of Christian religion he banished Ammianâ—â— Marcellinus Palladius a gret and honorable person into Brytain vpon a suspition he sent Alipius who had bin lieuetenaunt of Brytaine to repaire Ierusalem but terrible flashes of fire issuing out of the Earth when they layde the foundations enforced them to leaue theyr purpose This Iulian with great preparations made war vpon the Parthians he spoyled Assiria and retournyng from thence a conqueror he was slaine by hys enimies as he preased vnaduisedly into the battels After him succéeded in the Empire Ieninian and held it ix monthes VAlentinian was then chosen Emperor by the souldiours 365 The Pictes Scottes Attacots and Saxons grieuously molested the Brytaines Nectaridius who had the charge of the Sea Marcellinus coastes here was slaine by them and Bulchobandes a greate Captain was enclosed by them wherfore after diuerse Captaines Theodosius was sent hither who discomfiting the â—â—nimie and recouering the spoyle entred triumphantlye into London and the next yeare weÌ„t into the North suppressed the enemies recouered the prouince and repaired Cities fortresses hée oppressed Valentinus an Hungarian who being banished hither practised new tumults deliuering him to Dulcitus Dulcitus to be executed without any enquirie of his confederats bycause he would not renew the tumult whiche done he returned to Rome Shortly after Valentinian sente hither Fraomarins which he before had ordayned king of the Buccenobats in Germanie to be marshall of the Almaines whiche serued in Brytain And not long after Valentinian dyed GRatian with his brother Valentinian was then created 375 Emporour He to the entent he might better repaire the decayed state of the Empire made Theodotius a copartener with him in it MAximus a valiaunt worthy man was shortly after forced 383 here in Brytain to take the Empire vpon him who passed into Fraunce and immediately al the Germaine legions and Romaine souldiours reuolted vnto hym from Gratian so that hée being destitute of men of warre fledde to Lyons where he was slayne by treason for Maximus gaue out that Gratians wife was comming to hir husbande whiche Gratian intierly louing hys wife lightlye credited and therfore accompanyed wyth a few wente forthe to méete hyr but in the Coache where he supposed to haue founde hys wife was Andragatius a desperate man who leaping out of the Coache killed Gratian. Then Maximus created his sonne Victor a Caesar and Zozimuâ— vsed some crueltie against Gratians Captaines Valentinian being herewith terrifyed sent S. Ambrose vnto him to treate a peace which he accepted and Theodotius permitted him to vse the title of Augustus Then he setled himselfe at Trier in Sigeâ—ertus Germanie empouerished the Countryes rounde about hym executed certaine Hereticks called Priscillianists and then entred into Italie breaking the peace and thought to haue intercepted Valentinian
Egbert who being assaulted oftentimes by Edrike the sonne of Egbert in a cruel 674 fight was shot through with a dart whereof he dyed vnder his Surgeons handes when he hadde raygned thirtéene yeares EDricke the sonne of Egbert within the space of two yeres 686 lost both life and Kingdome After his death y â— kingdome being sometime gouerned by vsurpers and sometime by forreners beganne to decay The Kentishmen by casting of fire did cruelly burne Moll the brother of Cedwal King of the West Saxons and twelue of his Knights with him wherewith Cedwal being moued to fury did miserably harry and spoyle all Kent so that by the space of sixe yeares there was no King in that Country VVIthredus the sonne of Egbert purchasing peace wyth 698 money was then established king in which state he behaued himselfe very honorably both in peace and warre He founded the Priory of Saint Martin at Douer and raigned xxxiâ—j yeres with whoÌ„ king Swebhearde raigned ioyntly in one part of his kingdome EDbert the sonne of Withred walked in his fathers ordinaunces 731 and had like successe and raigned thrée twentie yeare EDelbert his brother succéeded in whose time the Citie of 754 Canterbury as is to be thought was burned by chance he raigned xj yeares ALricke the thirde sonne of Withred ruled Kent after hys 765 brethren and was vanquished in a fought field againste the Mertians he raigned xxxiiij yeares EDelbert or Egbert otherwise called Pren theÌ„ vsurped the kingdome and leauyed warre against the Mertians by 799 whom he was taken prisoner and not long after resisted but the Kentishmen woulde not receiue him Cuthred then vsurped bare a title of a Kentish king for the space of viij yeares BAlbrede then toke on him Princely dignity but Egberte 807 Kyng of West Saxon so discomfited him in battayle that hée fled and forsoke hys Kingdome when he had raigned xx yeare whereby thys kingdome of Kent was vnited to the Kingdome of the West Saxons South Saxons SOuthsex the second Kingdome coÌ„tained the Counties of Southsex and Surrey which had on the Easte side Kent on the South side the Sea on the Weste side Hampshire and on the North the riuer of Thamys it con aineth the diocesses of Chichester and part of Winchester AEle the eight from Woden with his thrée sonnes CimeÌ„ 478 Plencing Cissa came into Brytaine with itj. ships landed in a place called Kimenesore there slew many of the Brytaines and forced the rest to make their flighte into a woodde whiche is called Andredsleage Afterwarde fighting wyth the Brytaines in a place néere vnto Marerodes burne slew many of them and put the reste to flight Then he and Cissa his sonne after long siege brake into the Citie of Andreds Cester and slewe the inhabitantes from the greatest to the smallest and so beganne the Kingdome of Southsex hée raigned xxxvj yeares CIssa hys sonne succéeded he builte the Citie of Chichester 514 and named it after hys owne name he raygned lxxvj yeares EThelwulfus whom Bede nameth Edelwach was christened 590 Eeade First Christened King in Southsex in the prouince of the Mercies in the presence and at the exhortation of King Wulfhere who also at the font was his godfather and in signe of that adoption gaue him two prouinces that is to saye the I le of Wight and the prouince of Manures in the West part of England Wilfride the Bishop came to the prouince of the South-Saxons vnto them did he minister the worde of Faith by the permission and gret reioysing of the King This Bishop Christened the chiefe Lordes and Knightes of the Countrey and the rest of the people at the same time or sone after were Christened by other Priestes The Quéene Ebba was christened in hir I le which was in the prouince of the Vicctans for she was the daughter of Eanfride who was Eanheres brother whiche were both Christian men and all their people But al the prouince of South Saxons had neuer before that time hearde of the name of God nor the faith This Wilfride preached the Gospell and not onelye deliuered the people from the perill of damnation but also from an horrible moraine of temporall death For in thrée yeares before it had not rayned in all those quarters whereby a famine destroyed the people by heapes in somuch that diuerse tymes fortye or fiftie in a companye béeing famished for hunger woulde goe togyther to some rocke or Sea bancke and caste themselues all downe eyther to be killed with the fal or drowned in the Sea but on the same day they receyued Baptisme and Faith there fell a plentifull shoure of rayne wherewith the Earth flourished againe Thys Bishop also taught the people there to get their sustenance by fishing Edilwach gaue vnto Byshoppe Wilfride the lande of fourscoure and seauen tenements where he might place his companye the name of the place was Seolesey In thys Selsee Monestarie in Southsex place he founded a Monasterye to be hys Episcopall Sea CEadwall a valiaunt yong manne of the Weaste Saxons being banished from hys Countrey came wyth an hoste of men and slewe King Edilwach wasted that prouince cruelly murdered and spoyled euery where Edilwach raigned xxv yeares And soone after Ceadwall was driuen out by two Captaines of the Kings Bertham and Anthun which from that tyme dyd holde and kéepe the Dominion of that prouince the chiefe of whyche two was afterwarde slayne of the same Ceadwall being then King of the Weast-Saxons and the prouince subdued and the latter was slaine by Ina. East Angles EAstangles the thirde Kingdome contayned the Countryes of Norffolk and Suffolk Cambridge and the I le of Ely which had on the East and North sids the sea on the West Saint Edmondes Dike with a part of Hertfordshyre and on the South side Essex It contayneth the diocesses of Norwich and Ely VFfa the eight froÌ„ Woden first king of East Angles raigned 492 vij yeares ¶ Titulus raigned xx yeares 499 REdwaldus the tenth from Woden as men write this is he that for the fauour of Edwin killed Edelfride king of 519 W. Malme NorthuÌ„berland The same Redwalde was by y â— perswasion of Edwyne baptised but after by his wiues couÌ„sel he fell froÌ„ the fayth agayn but his sonne Dorwaldus in pure and vncorrupted Christianitie was slaine by the heathen Rochbert Redwaldus raigned xxv yeares ¶ Gerpenwalde raigned xij yeares 554 566 East Angles baptised SIgebertus being broughte vp in Fraunce when he fled the enmitie of Redwald was there baptised wherevpon after his retourne comming to the Crowne of the East Angles and desiring to followe the godly order whiche he had séene in Fraunce set vp a Schole to bring vp children by the helpe and ayde of Byshop Felix whom he toke out of Kent for that purpose appointed them maisters and teachers after the manner of Kentishmen This Felix â—orne in Burgonia was made
compassion of thyne owne soule and spare the greate number of people that by thy Fatherlye example yet may beware to offende God for whose soules thou shalt giue an accompte Consider also that if the Englshe nation despising lawfull matrimonye doe encrease by aduoutrye as the Frenche men Italians and also the verye Pagans do caste in our téeth and vpbrayde vs withall of suche coniunctions and copulations shall spring vppe a peakishe dasterdely people which shall despise God wyth theyr wicked qualities vndoe the Countrey as it came to passe to the Burgundians the people of Prouance and the Spaniardes whom the Sarazens haue many yeares assaulted for theyr sinnes whiche in times past they had committed Besides this it is told vs that you take away priuileges of Churches and thereby giue euill example to your noble men to do the like but I praye you remember howe terrible vengeaunce God toke vppon the Kings your predecessours whiche committed suche offences as we rebuke you for A wicked spirit came vpon Colredus your predecessoure whiche was a defiler of Uirgins and a breaker of ecclesiasticall Priuileges for sitting royally among his barrons at a dinner the Diuell plucked away his soule without confession of his sinnes The Diuell also drewe in suche a rage Osredus king of the Northumbers whiche was guiltie of the same crimes that with a vile death he loste both kingdome and life in his lusty yong age Also Charles king of Fraunce whiche ouerthrewe Churches and altered the Churche money to hys owne vse was consumed with a long tormeÌ„t and fearefull death It followeth therefore my deare beloued sonne that with Fatherlye and earnest prayers we beséeche you that you will not despise the Counsel of your Fathers which diligently do admonishe your highnesse for nothing is more commodious to a good king than willinglye to amend such faultes when he is warned of them as SalomoÌ„ sayth who so loueth discipline loueth wisdome therfore my déere son declaring our aduice we beséech you by the liuing God by his sonne Jesus Christ our Lord and by hys holy spirit that you will remember how transitorie this present life is and howe shorte and momentane the pleasure of this filthie fleshe is and how vile and shamefull a thing it is that man shall leaue euill examples vnto his posteritie for euer beginne therefore to frame your life in better wayes and amend the errors of your youth that you may obtayne prayse with men in this life and eternall glorie in the life to come we wish your Highnesse well to fare and to encrease in all goodnesse Ethelbald was slayne at Secgeswald and was buryed at Hrependune BEraredus the murtherer of Ethelbald did nothing worthy 749 to be remembred but being straightway slayne by Offa had an end méete for a Traytour OFfa Nephew to Ethelbald succéeded he ioyned battayle 749 with Kineulfus King of the Weast Saxons and gote the victorie He sent for Ethelbert King of the East Angles promising great things by flatterie but when he had got him to his Palace he caused him to be beheaded and then vniustly inuaded the Kingdome of the East Angles He caused the reliques of S. Albon to be taken vp and Vita Alboni S Albons builded put in a Shrine aborned with golde and precious stones and builded there a princely Monasterie He founded the Abbey of Bathe He translated the Archbishops Sea to Lichfield He made a dike betwéene Wales and the Kingdome of Offa Dike the Mercies which ditch extendeth by South from the parts about Bristow ouer the Mountaynes of Wales and so North toward Flint and vnder a hill of coale euen to the mouth of Dee or the North Sea He raigned xxxix yeares and dyed at Oflay and was buryed in a Chappell which then stoode on Offlay the bancke of the Riuer Ouse without the Towne of Bedford EGbertus or Ecfride his sonne raigned one yeare Alquine Alquine writte to Osbert of the Mercians that the noble yong Ecfride dyed not so soone for his owne faultes but bycause his Father was a great sheader of bloud Plaeâ—â—â— Aâ—â—inus 789 Wâ—l Malme KEnulfus Nephew in the fifth degrée vnto Penda warreâ— on the Kentish Saxons punished their Country very sore and caryed away bound their King Egberthus but not long Winchelcomb founded after when he had builded a Church at Winchelcomb on the day of dedication therof he deliuered him declaring a worthy Bishops Sea aâ— Hereford founded example of clemencie He founded the Church of S. Ethelbert in Hereford and raigned xxiiij yeares KEnelmus sonne to Egbertus a child of seauen yeares was 813 innocently slayne by his Sister Quenda whereby he obtayned the name of a Martyre CEolwulfus brother to Kenulfus raigned one yeare and 820 was expulsed by Bernulfus BErnulfus in the third yeare of his raigne was ouercome 821 by Egbertus King of Weast Saxons at Elyndune LVcâ—â—us after he had raigned two yeares was oppressed 824 by the East Angles VVIthlasnus being at the first subdued by Egbirth raigned 826 xiij yeares paying to him and his son a tribute BErthulfus raigned xiij yeares in the same estate till at 839 W. Malme the last he was chased beyond the seas by the sea rouers of Denmarke BVrdredus paying the Tribute enioyed the same twenty 852 yeares and then he being deposed and driuen out of his CouÌ„trey fled to Rome and there was buryed at the English schole Then that kingdome was by the Danes deliuered to Geolwolfus and in few yeares after that Alfred y â— Nephew of Egbirth gate it So the kingdome of the Mercies fel away in the yeare of Christ 875. Northumbers THe sixt Kingdome was of the Northumbers whiche conteyned Lankishire Yorkeshire Cumberland Westmerland Northumberland It had on the Weast the Sea by South the Riuer of Humber and so downeward toward the Weast by the endes of the Shires of Nottingham and of Darby vnto the Riuer of Merce and hath the diocesse of Yorke Durham and Carelile At the beginning it was deuides into two Kingdomes Bernitia and Deira Bernitia stretched from Edenborough Frith to Tine and Deira from Tine to Humber but these two were shortly vnited When Hengest had established himselfe in Kent he sent W. Malme his brother Otha his sonne Ebusam to possesse the North partes of Britaine where many times they put the men of that prouince to flight and for the space of 99. yeares they and their successors ascribes to themselues the names of Dukes and bare themselues vnder the Kingdome of Kent but in the yeare of Christ 547. the yeare after Hengests death 60. that Dukedome was changed into a Kingdome IDa the ninth froÌ„ Beldegius and the tenth from Wodden 547 continued fourtéene yeares in the Kingdome of Deires Aeâ—la his successor of the same kinded but by another 559 line strongly aduanced his Kingdome thirtie yeares In his time children of Northumberland were caryed to be solde
North from Berwike cutte off hir nose and vpperlippe and perswaded all hir sisters to doe the like that they being odible to the Danes might the better kéepe their Uirginitie in despite wherof the Danes burned the Abbey the Nunnes therein AElfrede borne in Barkshire at a village called Wantinge 872 Marians Scotus Florentij Croniea cronicarum Asser Alfridus Beuerlacensâ—â— Speculum Hist VVilshire vvhy so named Ricardus Cirecestrensiâ— Hap of vvarre doubtful the fourth sonne of Athelwolfe receyued the gouernement of the whole realme and within one month after with a very small number fought a sharpe battayle againste the whole armie of the Pagans in a place called Wilion whiche lyeth on the Southside of the Riuer Wily of whiche riuer the whole shyre taketh hys name and after they had foughte a greate parte of the daye the Pagans fled but séeing the fewnesse of them that pursued they sette themselues in battayle againe and got the fielde The Weast Saxons made league with the Pagans vppon condition they shoulde departe out of theyr Countrey The next yeare they wintred at London and made league with the Mercies The nexte yeare they wintered at Lindesey which was in the Kingdome of Northumberlande The next yere at Ripindune they constrayned Burgoredus king of Mercies to flée beyond the Seas who went to Rome where he dyed and was buryed in the Schole of the Saxons Burgoredus death The Pagans subduing y e whole kingdome of the Mercies whiche they committed to Ceonulfus The next yeare one part of the Pagans wintered in Northumberlande neare to the riuer Tyne subdued the whole Countrey the other parte went with Guthram Oskecellus and Amandus thrée kings of the Pagans to Grantbridge and wintered there The yeare following the Pagans going from Cambridge in the night entred the Castel of Warham where there was a Monasterie of Nunnes scituate betwéene two riuers Fraw and Trent in the Country called in the Saxon Thornseta a most sure seat except in the West only where it ioyneth to the lande with whome king Aelfrede made a league that they shoulde departe his kingdome but contrarie to theyr othe they rode into Deuonshire to Exancester and there wintered Excesteâ— The next yeare 120. of the Pagans shippes were drowned at Sâ—anauing And kyng Aelfrede pursuing an armie that went by lande to Excester toke of them pledges and also an othe to depart with all spéede In the yeare following the Danes â—ame to Chipingham a manner of the kings scituate on the left side of Wiltshire and there wintred compelling many of the Weast Saxons to leaue their Countrey and to goe beyonde the seas the rest that remayned they subdued King Aelfrede himselfe was oft-times brought into such miserie y t none of his people knew where he was become On a time being forced to hide hymwith Asser Spe. Histo. Ri. Ciren a Cowhearde in Somersetshire as he satte by the fire preparing his bowes and shaftes the Cowherdes wife baking breade on the coales threw the kings bowes shaftes aside and said thou fellow why dost thou not turn the bread which thou séest burne thou art glad to eate it ere it be halfe baked This woman thought not that it had bin K. Aelfred who had made so many battels against the Danes and gotteÌ„ so manye victories For God did not onely vouchsafe to giue him victorie ouer his enemies but also to be wearied of theÌ„ in the sight of his owne people to the ende he should knowe there is one God of all to whom all knées shall bow and in whose hands the hearts of kings consisteth The brother Hinguar slayne in Deuonshire of Hinguar and of Healfden who had wintered in Mercia had made great slaughter of the Christians sayled with 23. shippes into Deuonshire where doing great mischief he the The Ensigne of the Danes vvas a Rauen. Alredus Riual most part of his people were slain the rest escaped by fléeing to theyr shippes In this battayle among many rich spoyles was taken a banner or ensigne called Reafan which among the Danes was had in greate estimation for that it was imbrodered by the thrée sisters of Hinguar and Hubba y e daughters of Lodbroke King Aelfrede made a Castel in Aethelingei Ethelyngey the noble Ilande Egbrights store from thence he went to Petram Egebrichti which is on the Eastside of the chace called Sal nudum in Latine Silua magna y â— great wood there met with him al the inhabitants of HaÌ„pshire whiche when they sawe the king reioyced as though he had bene risen from death to life The king with his army wente to Ethandune and fought against the Pagans where he made great slaughter and pursued the reste to their Castell who after xiiij dayes desired peace gaue pledges and toke othe to depart his realme and Gythram their King receiued baptisme harde by Ethelingsey in a place called Alre whome Aelfrede receyued to bée hys Gythram king of Danes christened Chichester God-sonne In the yeare 879. the Pagans went from Chipnan to Cirenceaster and there remayned one yeare after The same yeare a great armye of Pagans came from beyonde the Sea and Fulham wintered at Fullanham harde by the riuer of Thamis The nexte yeare the Pagans wente from Circestre to the Marianus Scotus East English deuiding that Countrey among them there inhabited The Pagans that wintered at Fullanham went into East Fraunce In the yeare 885. an armie of Pagans came into Kent and besieged the Cittie of Rhofeceaster which lyeth on the Easte Rochester besieged side of the riuer Medowege and before the gate of the same Citie they made a strong Castell but Aelfrede with a greate Midvvay Armie chased them to their ships The next yeare Aelfrede restored and honorably repayred Asserius Floriacens London builded made inhabitable the Cittie of London after it had bene amongst other Cities destroyed with fire and the people killed vp he made it habitable againe and committed it vnto the custodie of his sonne in lawe Adhered Earle of the Mercies Kentishemen South and West Saxons whiche before were in Captiuitie Marianus Scotus vnder the Pagans willingly came and submitted theÌ„selues In the yeare 890. Gythram the king of the Pagans whose name in his Baptisme was changed to Athelstane Hadley dyed he was buried in the kings towne called Headleaga among the East English In the yeare 892. the great armie of the Pagans came froÌ„ the East kingdome of Fraunce vnto Adbon and from thence with 250. shippes into Kent arriuing in the mouth of the Riuer Limene whiche riuer runneth from the great woodde whiche is called Andreads Weald from whose mouth foure Andreads vveald in Sussex and Hampshire myles into the same woodde they drewe theyr ships where they destroyed a Castel and fortified another more strong in a place called Apultrens now Apulder This wood was from the Easte to the Weaste 120. myles in length and more
firste he is brought to the Castell of Corfe then to Bristow where for a season he was kept shut vp close in the Castel vntil suche time as it was vnderstoode of by certaine Burgesses of the same Towne who for the deliueraunce of the said Edward conueyed themselues ouer Sea whose determination béeing knowne to his kéepers in a certaine darke night they conueyed him thence to Berkeley These tormentours forced him to ride bareheaded when he woulde sléepe they would not suffer hym neyther when he was hungry would they giue him suche meate as liked him but suche as he lothed Euerye worde he spake was contraried by them giuing out moste slaunderously that he was madde And to conclude in all matters that they coulde imagine they were contrarie to hys wyll that eyther by colde or watchyng or vnholesome meates or melancholy or other infirmitie he myght languishe and dye But contrariwise thys man being of a good disposition by nature stoute to suffer and patiente throughe Gods grace to abyde griefes hée endured all the wicked deuises of hys enymies For as touching poysons whiche were ministred to him by the benefit of nature he dispatched them away These ChaÌ„pions as I sayd bring the olde king towardes Barkeley being guarded with a rabble of Helhoundes along by the graunges belonging to the Castell of Bristow where that wicked man Gerney making a crown of Hey put it on hys heade and the souldiours that were aboute him mocked him saying Tprut auaunt sir King making a kinde of noise with theyr mouthes as though they had farted These doubting to meete some of hys friendes bent theyr iourney ouer the Marish grounds lying by the ruier of Seuerne Moreouer diuising by all meanes to disfigure him that hée mighte not be knowen they determined to shaue as well the heare off hys heade as also off his bearde wherefore comming by a little Water whiche ranne in a ditche they commaunded him to alighte from his horsse to be shauen to whome being set on a Molehill a Barbour came with a Bason of colde Water taken out of the ditch to whoÌ„ Edwarde sayd shall I haue no warme water the Barber answered this wyll serue quoth Edward will ye or nil yée I will haue warme water and that he might kéepe his promise he beganne to wéepe and to shed teares plentifullye as it was reported by William Byshop to sir Thomas de la More knight At length they came to Berkeley Castel where Edward was shutte vppe close like an Ancher Isabel his wife taking it grieuously that hir husbaÌ„ds life was thus prolonged made complaint to Adam Bishop of Hereforde fayning that she had certayne dreames the interpretation whereof she misliked In like sorte the Bishop being in hys conscience guiltie of treason stoode in feare the like feare also stoke the heartes of other for the same offence whom the Diuer had gathered together to that effect Wherfore it séemed good to many of great dignity bloud as wel spiritual as temporal y t al such fear should be taken away by y e death of Edwarde whervppon letters were sent to hys kéepers blaming them for suffering him to enioy so much libertie nourishing him so delicately Moreouer there is a priuie motion made to them that Sophistical letter procuring the murder of the olde king the death of Edwarde woulde not be misliked vnto them and in this pointe the great deceyte of Sophisters stoode in force set downe by the Bishoppe of Hereforde who wrote thus Edwardum occidere nolite timere bonum est Kyl Edward do not feare it is a good thing or thus To seeke to shed king Edwards bloud Refuse to feare I counte it good Thys saying is to be resolued into two propositions whereof the first consisting of thrée wordes to witte Edwardum occidere nolite and the seconde of other thrée that is Timere bonum est do séeme to perswade very subtilly but the receyuers of the letters not being ignorant of the Sophistical writing chaunged the meaning thereof to thys sense Edwardum occidere nolite timere and afterwarde ioyned these wordes bonum est Nowe when the olde king was broughte to the Castell aforesayde he was very curteouslye receiued by Thomas Lorde Barkeley but after the tormentors had receyued letters concerning the gouernemente of the Castell Thomas Lord of Berkley is commaunded to departe from thence wherefore taking his leaue with sighes he goeth to his other dwelling places After this the olde king was shutte vp in a close Chamber where with the stincke of the deade carkasses layde in a celler vnder him he was miserablye tormented manye dayes in suche sorte that he was well nyghe suffocated therewith and that the paine was almost intollorable it appeared by the complainte he made on a certayne daye at the Chamber windowe certayne Carpenters then working on the righte side thereof hearing the same But these tyraunts perceyuing that this woulde not force hys death one night being the xxij of September they came rushing in vppon him as he laye in his bedde with greate heauye The old king murdered â—eatherbeddes as muche in weyghte as xv menne coulde beare wherwyth they oppressed and smoothered hym into whom also they thrust a plummers yron being made redde hotte vp into his bowels throughe a certaine instrumente like to the end of a Trumpet or glister pipe put in at hys fundiment burning thereby his inward partes prouiding thereby least any wound being founde in the kings bodye they might be caused to aunsweare it In this sort was this stoute King oppressed crying with a lowde voyce so that many as well within the Castell as without heard it perceyuing it was the cry of one that suffered violente deathe which caused many of Berkeley as they affirmed to take coÌ„passion thereof and to pray for the soule of him that was then departing Isabel and the Bishop that their tyrannye mighte be hid outlawed and banished Thomas Gournay The murderers fledde and Iohn Maltrauers Thomas fléeing into Marcels thrée yeares after being known was taken and brought towards Englande and was beheaded on the Sea least he shoulde accuse the chiefe doer Iohn Maltrauers repenting himselfe lay long hid in Germanie This yeare died Charles king of Fraunce the thirde brother whiche was brother to the Lady Isabel Quéene of Englande K. Edvvards title to Fraunce mother to King Edward the thirde by whose deathe the succession of the Kingdome of Fraunce came to the said Edwarde but it was vsurped and possessed by Phillip de Valoys vncle to the sayde Charles who dyd intrude himself by force King Edward married Phillip the Earles daughter of Edvvard the third married Heynalde at Yorke the fiue and twentith of Februarie shée was sisters daughter to Phillippe de Valoys aforesayde Henrie Darcy Iohn Hauten the 28. of September Sherifes Maior Hamond Chikwel Grocer the 28. of October A Parliament was holden at Northampton in whiche â— Anno reg 2. Parliament at
fact he was drawne hanged and quartered To this Counsell came two Earles and two Clearkes sente from the Princes electours signifying that their election was made to the King for the dignitie of the Kingdome of Almayne These messengers the Kyng receyued King Edvvard elected King of Almayne with due honour but aunswered them that hée woulde not take so great honour vppon hys shoulders vntill hée had the Crowne of France due vnto him in peaceable possession A little after Easter there were great Justings holden Iusting at Lincolne at Lincolne by the Duke of Lancaster where were presente many Ladyes with the Countesse and also certayne messengers sente from the King of Spayne for the Lady Ioane daughter to the King that should be maryed to their Mayster the Kings sonne whome hir husbande méeting she dyed of the great Pestilence so that he followed hir to the graue The same yeare King Edward with his eldest sonne the Earle of Warwike and the Bishop of Winchester went to Caleis from whence the King sente the Duke of Lancaster to Denemere to receyue in his behalfe fealtie and homage of the Earle of Flanders â—hich thing was by the sayd Earle perfourmed Henry Picard Simon Dolseby the 23. of September Sherifes Maior Tho. de la More Great PestileÌ„ce Tho. Waâ—sing Iohn Loueken Fishmonger the 28. of October There beganne amongst the East Indians and Tartarians a certayne Pestilence which at length waxed so generall infecting the middle region of the ayre so greatly that it destroyed the Sarasins Turkes Sirians Palestinians and the Gretians with a wonderfull or rather incredible death in so much that those peoples béeing excéedingly dismayde with the terrour thereof consulted amongst themselues and thought it good to receyue the Christian Faith and Sacramentes for they had intelligence that the Christians whiche dwelte on this side the Gréekish Sea were not so greatly more than common custome was troubled wyth sicknesse and mortalitie At length this terrible slaughter passed ouer into those Countreys which are on this side the Alpes and from thence to the partes of France which are called Hesperia and so by order along into Germany and Dutchland And the seauenth yeare after it beganne it came into England and first beganne in the Townes and Ports ioyning on the Sea coastes in Dorsetshire where euen as in other Countreys it made the Countrey quite voyde of inhabitantes so that there were almost none left aliue From thence it passed into Deuonshire and Somersetshire euen vnto Bristowe and raged in suche sort that the Glocestershiremen woulde not suffer the Bristowmen to haue anye accesse vnto them or into their Countrey by anye meanes but at length it came to Gloceâ—â—or yea and to Oxforde and London and finally it spread ouer all England and so wasted and spoyled the people that scarce the tenth person of all sortes was lefte aliue when Church yardes were not sufficiente and large ynough to burie theyr dead in they chose certayne Fields appoynted for that purpose Gualter Mayny Lord of Mayny borne in Cambray who serued in company of Henry Duke of Lancaster in his great Records of the Garter actes of Gaseoyne and Gâ—ien after this time made Knight of the Garter in England hauing a respect to the danger that might fall in time of this Pestilence then begonne in England if the Churches and Church-yardes in London might not suffise to bury the multitude he purchased a péece of ground called Spittle Croft for that it belonged to the Mayster and bréethren of Saint Barthelmewes Spittle conteyning Register of the Charterhouse Ex Carta thirtéene acres and a rodde without the barres of Weast Smithfield and caused the same to be enclosed and dedicated by Ralph Bishop of London in the which place in the yeare Charterhouse Church-yard by London following was buryed more than fiftie thousand persons as is affirmed by the Kings Charters which I haue séene and also by an inscription fixed on a stone crosse in the same place And in memorie thereof the same Gualter Mayny caused vpon the same grounde a Chappell to be builded Anno reg 23. and after founded the same to be an house of Charterhouse Roâ—de Auesburie Charterhouse at London founded Monkes Also about the same time one Iohn Cory procured of Nicholas Prior of the Church of the Holy Trinitie néere vnto Alâ—gate one tost of ground néere vnto East Smithfield for the buriall of them that dyed that it mought be called the Church yard of the Holy Trinitie which ground he caused to be enclosed and dedicated by Nicholas Northbroke Bishop of London in the which place King Edward the third by consent of the sayd Prior and Couent founded the Abbey Nevv Abbey by the Tovver of London founded Liber trinita Lond. Lib. Eastminster of Saint Mary of Grace in the yeare 1359. placing therein an Abbot and Monke of the order of Cisteaux whiche were white Monkes and named the place Eastminster All sutes and pleading in the Kings Bench and other places for a season ceassed Uery fewe noble men dyed among whome departed Iohn Mountgomery and his Lady the Lord Clisteles Captayne 1349 of Caleis dyed at Caleis and was buryed in the white Friers at London Of the common people togither with Religious and Clearkes there dyed an innumerable sorte for no man but God onely knewe how many There dyed from the first of January to the first of July in the Citie of Norwich 57374. persons besides Ecclesiasticall Mendicants Norvvich Regist of Norwich Anâ—â— ecclesi â—â—â— Yermouth and Dominikes There was buryed in the Church and Church-yard of Yermouth in one yeare 7052. men and women before which time the Personage there was worth 700. markes by yeare and afterwardes was scarse worth fortie pounde the yeare This note was certified to King Henry the seauenth in the â—â— of his raigne and the same is written on the gates of the Church of Yermouth This great Pestilence began at London about the feast of All Sainctes in y â— yeare 1348. What time this Pestilence had wasted all England y e Scots greatly reioycing mocked sware oft-times by the vile death of y â— Englishmen but y â— sword of Gods wrath departing froÌ„ thence slew coÌ„sumed the Scots in no lesse nuÌ„bers than it did the other It also wasted the Welchmen and within a while passed ouer into Ireland where it destroyed a great nuÌ„ber of English people that dwelt there but suche as were right Irishmen borne y â— dwelt in the hilly countreys it scarcely touched so that few of theÌ„ died therof This plague coÌ„tinued sometime in one place sometime in another vntill the yeare of our Lord 1357. The same yeare for a truce or finall peace to be concluded the B. of Norwich the Earle of Northampton the Earle of Stafford Richard Talbot Walter Mayny Knightes sayled ouer the Sea into France whom y â— Frenchmen met peaceably but they would not agrée to a
the glorie of the world vnto Douer many both of hir Countrey and also of England attending on hir After the feast of the Epiphany all the Nobilitie of the 1382 Realme assembled at London to be present at the Kings mariage and to do their seruice according to the custome of euery one in auntient time vsed This Uirgin named The King maried Anne the daughter of Veselaus King of Boheme is at Westminster consecrate to the Kings wife and by the Archbishop of Canterburie is Crowned Quéene There were Iustes kept for the honor of such a solemâ—â—â—ation certayne dayes togither in which both the Englishmen shewed their force and the Quéenes Countrey men their proâ—esse In this Quéenes dayes began the detestable vse of piked shoes tied to their knées with cheines of siluer and gilt Also Piked shoes high heads and long tayled govvnes vvith vvomen riding aside first vsed in England noble women vsed high attire on their heads piked like hornes with long trayned Gownes and rode on side Saddles after y e example of the Quéene who first brought that fashion into this Land for before women were vsed to ride astride like men The solemnitie of the mariage being ended the Parliament is now begon againe in which many articles are proponed and decréed to wéete of admitting Strangers to sell personally their wares without impeachment of the Merchants of Englande of the abrogating of Fiâ—â—res and siluer garnishing of girdles c. of the price of Wines that is that the Tonne should not excéede sixe Markes c. William Vfford Earle of Suffolke in this Parliament â—â—ing elected by the Knightes of the Shires to pronounce on their behalfes the businesse of the Realme the very day and houre in which he should haue executed the businesse he had taken in hand as he was going vp the staires that ledde vp into the Chamber where all the Nobilitie of the Realme sate he sodeinly fell downe and among his mens handes that were about to holde him he yéelded vp the ghost although being very merie and féeling no euill a little before as euen at that instant he had entred Westminster Hall of whose sodeine death not onely all the Nobles of the Realme were greatly amazed but all the meaner sort for in all his life time he had shewed himselfe amiable to al men After his death the Parliament was ended after the Merchants of England had granted to the King a subsedie the Custome of vvoolles customes of wooll for foure yeares next ensuing whiche the commons called Le Mâ—â—tot In this ParliameÌ„t the Lords and commons requesting it Sir Richard Scrope Knight was ordeyned as the man which in excellent knowledge and inflexible iustice had not his like for his calling in this realm Sir Hugh Segraue Knight was made L. Treasourer Edmond Mortimer Earle of March departed this life in Anno reg 6. Irelande after he had brought that land all in manner vnto peace quietnesse hauing gouerned it most nobly wisely About the feast of S. Iohn Ante port latine all the nobles of the Realme were called to London and other that of custome were wont to be called although y â— Lent before ther had bin another Parliament as before we haue shewed in which by the petition of the Knightes of the Shires Iohn Iohn VVravv hanged Wraw Priest that was leader of them that did rise at Mildenhaâ—e and Burie was adiudged to hanging and drawing though many beléeued that he woulde haue bin redéemed with money The xxj of May was a great Earthquake in Earthquake England at nine of the clocke fearing the hearts of many but in Kent it was most behement where it soncke some Churches and threw theÌ„ downe to the earth There followed also Histo Auriâ— another Earthquake the xxiiij of May in the morning before the Sunne rising but not so terrible as the first Sir Richard Scrope is depriued of the ChaÌ„cellorship which he had gouerned lawdably Rob. Braybroke B. of London is made Chancellor There arriued in a great tempest a Shippe called a Carike at Sandwich an huge vessell and so fraught with riches that she might haue furnished the want of al the land if the enuie of the inhabitants would haue permitted but y â— MerchaÌ„ts of LoÌ„don hauing much old wares as frutes spices oyles such like they coÌ„pounded with y e Ienewayes to forsake y â— Hauen to passe ouer into Flanders so for y â— couetousnes of a few y â— who le Realm susteined great hinderaÌ„ce Adam Bawme Iohn Sely the 28. of September Sherifes Maior Iohn Northampton Draper the 28. of October About the feast of S. Thomas the Apostle great raynes and inundations of waters chanced so that the water rose foure times more in heigth than before drowning vp Uillages and Cattell destroying Bridges and Milles. The Fishmongers in London through y e counsell of Iohn Northampton then Maior William Essâ—x Iohn More and Stirre against Fishmongers Richard Northburie were greatly troubled hindred of their liberties and almost destroyed by congregations made against them but in a Parliament at London by the Kings 1383 Charter patent they were restored to their liberties About the moneth of May the Bishop of Norwich sayled ouer the Seas into Flanders with a greate power where he wanne the Townes of Graueling Brugh Dunkerke and Newport Whilest these things are thus doing in Flanders the King of England and his Quéene with their Bohemians visited the Abbeys of this Realme to the whiche their comming was very chargeable for they came with an excessiue number all which came to take but not to giue The Scottes taking occasion of the time for that a great Anno reg 7. number were gone ouer with the Bishop of Norwich entred into Northumberland and did much hurt to the inhabitants taking prayes in euery place and leading away the people prisoners and carying them into Scotland they tooke the Castell of Warke vpon the Riuer of Twede and brent it Simon Winchcombe Iohn Moore the 28. of September Sherifes Maior Parliament at London Sir Nicholas Brembar Grocer the 28 of October About the feast of All Saincts a Parliament was holden at London in which the halfe fiftéenth was granted to the King by the Laytie and shortly after the halfe of a tenth by the Cleargie a portion of which money the Lords of the North demaunded bycause in this Parliament they were appointed to defende those partes against the irruptions of Scottes to whome answere was made by Sir William Wikeham Bishop of Winchester that they were made for that cause of poore men rich meÌ„ and Lords that they might the more franckly kéepe the Scottes and that the King and Lords of the South partes should be the lesse troubled And bycause the Scottes came not to this Parliament according to couenant and beside that did displeasures vnto the inhabitants of the North parts it was decréed by this Parliament that
onely y ◠wound w t the wind but wise men also some Lords eke to marke the matter muse thereon so farre forth that the Lorde Stanley that was after Earle of Darbie wisely mistrusted it and sayde vnto the Lorde Hastings that he muche mislyked these two seueral Councels For while we quoth he talke of one matter in y e one place little wote we wherof they talke in the other place My Lorde quoth the Lorde Hastings of my life neuer doubt you for while one man is there which is neuer thence neuer can there be thing once moued that should sound amisse toward me but it shoulde be in mine eares ere it were well out of their mouthes This ment he by Catesby whiche was of hys néere secrete Catesbie counsell and whom he verie familiarly vsed and in his most weightie matters put no man in so speciall trust reckening himselfe to no man so liefe sithe he well wyste there was no man so muche to him beholden as was this Catesby which was a man well learned in the lawes of this land and by the speciall fauour of the Lorde Chamberlaine in good authoritie and much rule bare in all y e Countie of Leycester where the Lorde Chamberleynes power chiefely laye But surely great pitie was it that he had not had eyther more truth or lesse wit For his dissimulation onely kept all that mischiefe vp In whom if the Lorde Hastings had not put so speciall trust the Lorde Stanley and he had departed with diuers other Lordes and broken all the daunce for many yll signes that he sawe which he now construes all to the best So surely thought he that there coulde be no harme toward him in that Councell intended where Catesby was And of truth the Protector and the Duke of Buckingham made verie good semblaunce vnto the Lorde Hastings and kept him much in companie And vndoubtedly the Protector loued him well and loth was to haue lost him sauing for feare least his lyfe shoulde haue quaiied their purpose For which cause he moued Catesby to proue wyth some wordes cast out a farre off whether he coulde thinke it possible to winne the Lorde Hastings vnto their part But Catesby whether he assayed him or assayed him not reported vnto them that he founde him so fast and heard him speake so terrible words that he durst no further breake And of trueth the Lorde Chamberlayne of verye trust shewed vnto Catesby the distrust that other began to haue in the matter And therefore hée fearing least theyr motion might with the Lorde Hastings minishe his credence wherevnto onely all the matter leaned procured the Protector hastily to rid him And much the rather for that he trusted by his death to obtayne muche of the rule that the Lorde Hastings bare in his Coūtrey the onely desire wherof was the allectiue that induced him to be partner and one speciall contriuer of all this horrible treason Wherevpon soone after that is to wit on the Fryday the thirtéenth day of June many Lordes assembled in the Tower and there sat in Councell deuising the honourable solemnitie of the Kings Coronation of which the tyme appoynted then so neare approched that the Pageantes and subtiltyes were in making daye and night at Westminster and much vitayle kylled therefore that afterward was cast away These Lordes so sitting together communing of thys matter the Protector came in amongst them first about ix of the clocke saluting them courteously and excusing hymself that he had bene from them so long saying merily that he had bene a sléeper that day And after a little talkyng with them he sayde vnto the Byshop of Elie My Lorde you haue verye good Strawberies at your Garden in Holborne I require you let vs haue a messe of them Gladly my Lorde quoth he woulde God I had some better thing as readie to your pleasure as that And therwith in all the hast he sent hys seruant for a messe of Strawberies The Protector set the Lordes fast in communing therevpon praying them to spare him for a little while departed thence And soone after one houre betwéene x. and xj he returned into the Chamber among them all changed with a wonderfull soure angrie countenance knitting y e browes frowning fretting gnawing on his lippes so sat hym downe in his place all the Lordes much dismayde and sore maruelling of this manner of sodaine change what thing should him aile Then whē he had sitten still a while thus he began What were they worthy to haue that compasse and imagine the destruction of mée beyng so néere of bloud vnto the King and Protector of his Royall person and his Realme At this question all the Lordes sat sore astonyed musing much by whom this question shoulde be ment of which euery man wyst himselfe cleare Then the Lord Chamberlaine as he that for the loue betwéene them thoughte he might be boldest with him aunswered and sayde that they were worthy to be punished as heynous traytors whatsoeuer they were And all the other affyrmed the same That is quoth he yonder sorceresse my brothers wyfe and other with hir meaning y e Quéene At these words many of y e other Lords were greatly abashed y ◠fauoured hir But y e Lord Hastings was in his minde better content y ◠it was moued by hir thā by any other whō he loued better Albeit his hart somwhat grudged y t he was not afore made of counsel in this matter as he was of the taking of hir kinred of their putting to death which were by his assent before deuised to be beheaded at Pomfret thys self same day in which he was not ware y t it was by other deuised y t himself should be beheaded y e same day at London Then saide the Protector ye shall all sée in what wise that sorceresse and that other Witch of hir counsell Shores wife with their affinitie haue by their sorcerie and witchcrafte wasted my body And therewith he plucked vp his dublet sléeue to his elbow vpō his left arme where he shewed a werish withered arme and smal as it was neuer other And thervpō euery mans minde sore misgaue them wel perceiuing y ◠this matter was but a quarrel For they well wist y ◠the Quéene was too wise to goe about any such folly And also if she would yet would she of all folke least make Shores wife of counsell whom of all women she most hated as that Concubine whome the King hir husbande had most loued And also no manne was there present but well knew that his arme was euer suche since hys byrth Naythelesse the Lorde Chamberlayne which from the death of Kyng Edward kept Shores wyfe on whom he somewhat doted in the Kings lyfe sauing as it is sayde he that while forbare hir of reuerence toward the K. or else of a certayn kind of fidelitic to his friend aunsweared and sayd certaynly my Lord if they haue so
the Duke of Clarence were lawfully begotten nor were not the very children of y e duke of Yorke but begotteÌ„ vnlawfully by other persoÌ„s by aduoutrie of the Dutches their mother And that also dame Elizabeth Lucy was verily the wife of King Edward and so the Prince and al his children Bastards that were begotteÌ„ vpon the Quéene According to this deuise Doctor Shaa y â— Sonday after at Paules Crosse in a greate audience as alway assembled great number to his preaching he tooke for his Theame Spuria vitulamina non agent radices alt as That is to say Bastarde slippes shal neuer take deepe roote Therevppon when he had shewed the great grace that God giueth secretly infundeth in right generation after y â— lawes of matrimonie theÌ„ declared he y â— coÌ„monly those children lacked y â— grace for y e punishment of their pareÌ„ts were for y e more part vnhappy which wer gotteÌ„ in base specially in aduoutrie Of which though some by the ignorance of the world and the truth hid from knowledge inherited for the season other mens landes yet God alway so prouideth that it continueth not in their bloud long but y e truth comming to light the rightfull inheritors be restored and the bastard slip pulled vp ere it can be rooted déepe And when he had laid for the proofe and confirmation of this sentence certaine ensamples taken out of the old Testament and other auncient histories then beganne he to descend into the praise of the Lorde Richarde late Duke of Yorke calling him father to the Lorde Protector and declared the title of his heires vnto the Crowne to whom it was after the death of King Henrie the sixt entayled by authoritie of Parliament Then shewed he that his verie right heyre of his body lawfully begotten was onely the Lord Protector For he declared then that King Edward was neuer lawfully marryed vnto the Quéene but was before God husband vnto Dame Elizabeth Lucie and so his children bastardes And besides that neither King Edwarde himselfe nor the Duke of Clarence among those that were secrete in the housholde were reckened verie surely for the children of the noble Duke as those that by their fauours more resembled other knowne men than him From whose vertuous conditions he sayde also that King Edward was farre off But the Lorde Protector he sayd the verie noble Prince the speciall paterne of Knightly prowes as well in all Princely behauiour as in the lineamentes and fauour of his visage represented the very face of the noble Duke his father This is quoth he the fathers owne figure this is his owne countenaunce the verie print of his visage the sure vndoubted Image the plaine expresse likenesse of that noble Duke Nowe was it before deuised that in the speaking of these words the Protector shoulde haue come in among the people to the Sermon warde to the end that those words méeting with his presence might haue bene taken among the hearers as though the holy ghost had put them in the preachers mouthe and shoulde haue moued the people euen there to crie King Richarde King Richarde that it myght haue béene after sayde that he was specially chosen by God and in manner by myracle But this deuise quayled eyther by the Protectors negligence or the Preachers ouermuch diligence For whyle the Protector founde by the way tarying least he shoulde preuent those wordes and the Doctor fearing that he shoulde come ere hys Sermon could come to these wordes hasted his matter thereto who was come to them and paste them and entred into other matters ere the Protector came Whom when he beheld comming he sodainely lefte the matter with which he was in hande and without any deduction thervnto out of al order and out of all frame beganne to repeate those wordes agayne this is the very noble Prince the speciall patrone of Knightly prowes which as well in all Princely behauiour as in the liâ—iamentes and fauour of his vsage representeth the verie face of the noble Duke of Yorke his father this is the fathers owne figure this is his owne countenaunce the very print of his visage the sure vndoubted Image the playne expresse lykenesse of the Noble Duke whose remembrance can neuer dye whyle he liueth While these wordes were in speaking the Protector accompanied with the Duke of Buckingham went through the people into the place where the Doctors commonly staud in the vpper storie where he stoode to hearken the Sermon But the people were so farre from crying King Richarde that they stoode as they had béene turned into stones for wonder of this shamefull Sermon After which once ended the Preacher gat him home and Preacher neuer after durst looke out for shame but kepte hym out of sight lyke an Owle And when he once asked one that had béene his olde friend what the people talked of him al were it that hys owne conscience well shewed him that they talked no good yet when the other aunswered him that there was in euery mannes mouth spoken of hym much shame it so strake him to the heart that within fewe dayes after hée withered and consumed away Then on the Tuesday folowing this sermon there came into the Guild hall in London the Duke of Buckingham accompanyed with diuerse Lordes and Knightes more than happily knewe the message that they brought And there in the East end of the hall where y e Maior kéepeth the Hustings the Maior and all the Aldermen beyng assembled aboute him all the Commons of the Citie gathered before them after silence commaunded vppon great payne in the Protectors name the Duke stoode vp and as he was neyther vnlearned and of nature maruellously well spoken he said vnto the people with a cleare and a loude voyce in this manner of wise FRiendes for the zeale and heartie fauour that we beare The Duke of Buckinghams Oration you wée be come to breake vnto you of a matter ryght great and weightie and no lesse weightie than pleasing to God and profitable to all the Reame nor to no part of the Realme more profitable than to you the Citizens of this noble Citie For why that thing that we wote wel ye haue long tyme lacked and sore longed for that ye woulde haue giuen great good for that ye would haue gone farre to fetch that thing we be come hither to bring you without your labour paine cost aduenture or ieoperdie What thing is that Certes the suertie of your owne bodyes the quiet of your wynes and your daughters the sauegarde of your goods of all whych things in tymes paste ye stoode euer more in doubte For who was there of you all that woulde recken him selfe Lorde of his owne good among so many grens and traps as was set therfore among so much pilling polling among so many taxes tallages of which there was neuer end oftentimes no néede or if any were it rather grew of royot vnreasonable wast thaÌ„
the contrarie which they woulde be lothe to heare then must they néedes séeke and shoulde not fayle to fynde some other noble man that would These wordes muche moued the Protectour which else as euerie man may wit woulde neuer of likelyhood haue enclyned therevnto But when hée sawe there was none other waye but that eyther he must take it or else hée and hys both goe from it he sayde vnto the Lordes and Commons Sith wée perceyue well that all the Realme is so set whereof wée bée very sorie that they will not suffer in any wise King Edwardes lyne to gouerne them whome no man earthly can gouerne agaynst their wylles and we wel also perceyue that no man is there to whome the Crowne can by iust tytle appertayne as to our selfe as verie ryghte heyre lawfully begotten of the bodie of our most deare father Richarde late Duke of Yorke to whiche tytle is nowe ioyned your election the Nobles and Commons of thys Realme which wée of all tytles possible take for most effectuall Wée bée content and agrée fauourably to enclyne to your petition and request and accordyng to the same here The Protector taketh vpon him to be king wée take vppon vs the royall estate preeminence and kingdome of the two noble Realmes Englande and Fraunce the one from this daye forwarde by vs and our heyres to rule gouerne and defende the other by Gods grace and your good helpe to get agayne and subdue and establishe for euer in due obedience vnto thys Realme of Englande the aduauncement wherof wée neuer aske of God longer to liue than we intend to procure With this there was a great shoute crying King Richarde King Richarde And then the Lordes went vp to the King for so was he from that tyme called and the people departed talking diuersely of the matter euery man as hys fantafie gaue him But much they talked and maruelled of the manner of this dealing that the matter was on both partes made so straunge as thoughe neyther had euer communed with other thereof before when that them selues wyste there was no manne so dull that hearde them but hée perceyued well ynoughe that all the matter was made betwéene them Howbeit some excused that agayne and sayd all muste be doone in good order And menne must somtyme for the manners sake not be aknowen what they knowe For at the consecration of a Byshop euerye man woteth well by the paying for his Bulles that hée purposeth to be one and thoughe he paye for nothing else And yet must he be twyce asked whether he will be Byshop or no and he muste twice saye nay and at the thyrde tyme take it as compelled therevnto by his owne will And in a stage play the people know right well that hée that playeth the Sowdaine is percase a sowter yet if one shoulde know so little good to shew out of seasoÌ„ what acquaintance hée hath with hym and call hym by his owne name while he standeth in his Maiestie one of his tormentors myghte hap to breake his head and worthy for marring of the play And so they sayde that these matters be Kings games as it were stage playes and for the more part played vpon scaffoldes In which poore men be but the lookers on And they y â— wise be will meddle no further For they that somtime step vp and play with them when they cannot playe theyr partes they disorder the playe and doe themselues no good ⸪ ¶ King Richard the thirde THe next day the Protector with a great trayne went to 1483 Anno reg 1. This that is here betvvene this marke and this marke * vvas not vvritten by maister Moore in this Historie vvritten by him in english but is translated out of this historie vvhich he vvrote in Latâ—in Westminster Hall and there when he had placed himself in y e Court of the Kings Bench declared to the audience that he would take vppon him the Crowne in that place there where the King himselfe sitteth and ministreth y e law because he considered that it was the chiefest duetie of a King to minister the lawes Then with as pleasant an Oration as he could he went about to wyn vnto him the nobles the merchants the artificers and in conclusion all kind of men but especially the Lawyers of thys Realme And finally to the intent that no man should hate him for feare and that his deceitfull clemencie myght get him the good will of the people when he had declared y e discommoditie of discorde and the commodities of concorde and vnitie he made an open proclamation that he did put out of his minde all enmities and that he there did openly pardon all offences committed against him And to the intent that he might shewe a proofe thereof he commaunded that one Fogge whome he had long deadlye hated shoulde be broughte then before him who being broughte out of the Sanctaurie for thyther hadde hâ— fledde for feare of him in the sighte of the people he toke him by the hande Which thing the CommoÌ„ people reioyced at and praysed but wise men tooke it for a vanitie In his returne homewarde whom soeuer he met he saluted For a mynde that knoweth it selfe guiltie is in a manner deiected to a seruile flatterie When he had begon his raigne in June after this mockishe election then was he Crowned the sixth daye of the same moneth And that solemnitie was furnished for the most part with the selfe same prouision that was appointed for the coronation of his nephew * Now fell there mischieues thick And as the thing euill Sir Thomas More againe gotten is neuer well kepte thoroughe all the time of hys raigne neuer ceassed their cruell death and slaughter tyl his owne destruction ended it But as he finished his time with the best death and the most righteous that is to witte hys owne so beganne he with the most piteous and wicked I meane the lamentable murther of his innocent nephewes the yong King and his tender brother whose death and finall infortune hath nathelesse commen so farre in question that some remayne yet in doubt whether they were in hys dayes destroyed or no. Not for that only that Perkyn Werbecke Perkyn VVerbecke by many folkes malice and moe folkes folly so long space abusing the worlde was as well with Princes as the poorer people reputed and taken for the yonger of these two but for that also that all things were in late dayes so couertly demeaned one thing pretended and another meÌ„t that there was nothing so plaine openly proued but that yet for the commoÌ„ custom of close couert dealing men had it euer inwardly suspect as manye well counterfayted Jewels make the true mistrusted Howbeit concerning the opinion with the occasions mouing eyther partie we shall haue place more at large to intreate if we hereafter happen to write the time of the late noble Prince of famous memorie King Henrie the seauenth or percase
of this yeare was a great drouth and a Dry sommer great death of hote burning agues and flixes The salt water flowed aboue London bridge William Laxton Martin Bowes the 28. of September Sherifes Maior Sir William Roche Draper the 28. of October The xxij of December Ralph Egerton and Thomas Harman seruant to Mayster Flightwood were executed for counterfetting the Kings great Seale in leade wherewith they had sealed diuers Patents counterfetted and antidated making Strangers Denisons vnder the names of diuers Clearkes of the Chancerie one Tuckefield being of their faction robbed the Lord Audlyes Chappell and fledde who béeing afterwarde apprehended at Caleis whiche Towne he woulde haue betrayed he slew himselfe with a Dagger In Aprill certayne persons began a new Rebellion in 1541 Anno reg 33 A nevv commotion in Yorkeshire Yorkeshire which were shortly after takeÌ„ put to executioÌ„ in diuers places of which Leigh a GeÌ„tlemaÌ„ Tatarsal a Clothyer and Thorneton a yeoman were put to death at London Sir Iohn Neuell Knight a tenne persons or moe were put to death at Yorke The seauen and twentith of May the Countesse of Salisburie Countesse of Salisburie beheaded Damport and Chapman hanged was beheaded in the Tower of London The ninth of June Damport and Chapman two of the Kings Gard were hanged at Greenewich for robbery The tenth of June Sir Edmond Kneuet Knighte of Norffolke was arraigned before the Kings Justices sitting Sir Edmond Kneueâ— arraigned for striking in the Court. in the great Hall at Greenewich Mayster Gage Comptroller of the Kings houshold Mayster Suthwell Sir Anthony Browne Sir Anthony Winkefield Mayster Wrisley and Edmond Pecham Cofferer of the Kings houshold for striking of one Mayster Clere of Norffolke seruant with theÌ„ Earle of Surrey within the Kings house in y e Tenis Court There was first chosen to go vpoÌ„ the sayd Edmond a Quest of Gentlemen and a Quest of Yeomen to enquire of the saide stripe by the which inquests he was found gilty and had iudgement to lose his right hande wherevpon was called to do the execution first the Sergeant Chirurgion wyth hys instrumentes apperteyning to his Office the Sergeant of the Woodyard with the Mallet and a Blocke wherevpon the hand should lye the Mayster Cooke for the King with the knife the Sergeant of the Larder to set the knife right on the ioynt the Sergeant Farrer with his searing irons to seare the veynes the Serieant of the Poultrey with a Cocke which Cocke should haue his head smitten off vpon the same blocke and with the same knife the yeomen of the Chaundrie with seare clothes the yeomen of the Skolerie with a panne of fire to heate the irons a chafer of water to coole the endes of the irons and two formes for all Officers to sette their stuffe on the Sergeant of the Celler with Wine Ale and Béere the yeomen of the Ewrie in the Sergeantes stéede who was absente wyth Bason Ewre and Towels Thus euery man in hys Office readye to do the execution there was called foorth Sir William Pickering Knight Marshall to bring in the sayde Edmonde Kneuet and when hée was broughte to the Barre the chiefe Justice declared to hym his trespasse and the sayde Kneuet confessing hymselfe to bée giltye humblye submitted hym to the Kings mercie for this offence hée was not only iudged to lose his hand but also his body to remayne in prison and his Landes and goodes at the Kings pleasure Then the sayde Sir Edmund Kneuet desired that the King of his benigne grace would pardon him of his right hande and take the left for quoth he if my right hand be spared I may héereafter doe suche good seruice to his grace as shall please him to appoynt Of this submission and request the Justices forthwith enformed the King who of his goodnesse considering the gentle heart of the sayde Edmund and the good reporte of Lords and Ladyes graunted hym pardon that he should lose neyther hand land nor goodes but should goe frée at libertie The Lord Leonard Gray being endited of certain points of Treason by him committed as was alledged agaynste him during the season that he was the Kings Lieutenant in Ireland to witte for deliuering his nephew Girald Fitz Garard brother to Thomas Fitz Garard before executed and also for that he caused certaine Irishmen to inuade the lands of the Kings friends whome he fauoured not the fiue and twentith of June he was arraigned at Westminster in the Kings bench and appoynted to be tryed by Knightes bycause he was a Lord by name and no Lord of the Parliament but he discharged the Jurie and confessed the enditement wherevpon he had iudgement on y e xxvitj of June being S Peters euen he was beheaded at Tower hill where he The Lord Leonard Grey beheaded ended his life very quietly and godly This noble man as he was come of high lignage so was he a right valiant and hardy personage hauing in his time done his Prince and Countrey good seruice both in Ireland France and other places greatly to his commendation although now his happe was thus to lose his head The same day that he suffered there were executed at Saint Thomas Waterings thrée Gentlemen Iohn Mantell Iohn Frowdes and George Roydon They died for a murther committed in Sussex as theyr inditement imported in company of Thomas Fines Lorde Dacres of the South The troth whereof was thus the Lord Dacres of the South arâ—aigned sayde Lord Dacres through the lewde perswasion of some of them as hath bin reported meaning to bunt in y e Parke of Nicholas Pelham Esquier at Laughton in the same Countie of Sussex béeyng accompanyed with the sayde Mantel Frowdes and Roydon Iohn Cheyney and Thomas Isley Gentlemen and Richarde Middleton and Iohn Goldwell Yeomen passed from his house of Hurstmonseux the laste of Aprill in the night season towarde the same Parke where they intended so to hunt and commyng into a place called Pikehay in the parishe of Hillingley they found one Iohn Busbrigge Iames Busbrigge and Richarde Somener standing there togither and as it fell out through quarrelling there ensued a fray betwixte the sayde Lorde Dacres and his company on the one part and the said Iohn and Iames Busbrig and Richard Somener on the other in so much that the said Iohn Busbrigge receyued such hurt that he dyed thereof the seconde of May nexte ensuing wherevpon as well the sayd Lorde Dacres as those that were there wyth hym and diuers other likewise that were appointed to go another way to méete them at the sayd Parke were indited of murther and the seauen and twentith of June the Lord Dacres himselfe was arraigned before the Lord Audley of Walden then Lord Chauncelor sitting that day as high Steward of Englande with other Péeres of the Realme about him who then and there condemned the sayde Lorde Dacres to dye for that transgression and afterwardes the nine and twentith of
downe the Roode in Paules Church with Marie and Iohn all other Images in y e Church then y e liâ—e was done in al Churches in England Also Easter folowing began the Communion and confession in Englishe but no manne constrained thereto excepte Anno reg 2. 1548 they woulde but after Easter beganne the Seruice in Englishe in dyuers Parishe Churches and at Whitsontide at Paules by the commandement of the Deane Barking Chappell nighe the Tower of London and Saint Martins Le Graund nigh the Shambles were pulled down Also the parish Churches of Saint Nicholas in the Shambles and Saint Ewyns within Newgate were pulled downe and the Parishioners appointed to the late dissolued Grey Friers Churche whyche is now named Christes Church founded by King Henrie the eight The watche whiche hadde béene accustomed in London at Midsommer of long time laide downe was nowe againe vsed both on the euen of Saint Iohn and of Saint Peter in as comely order as it had béene accustomed whych watch was greately beautified by the number of more than thrée hundred Dimilaunces and light horsemen that were prepared by the Citizens to be sent into Scotlande for the rescue of the Town of Hadington and other kept by Englishmen in Scotland On Saint Peters euen Monsieur Dassey Lieuetenant to The siege of Hadington the French King and the Reingraue of Fraunce wyth the number of x. thousand French and Almaines besides Scots besieged the Towne of Hadington in Scotlande defended by the Englishmen vnto whose aide shortly after came from Barwike iij. E. horsemen which were 700. men of armes and Dimitances the Captaines whereof were sir Robert Bowes and sir Thomas Palmer whych horsemen not long after by the Frenchmen were enclosed and the moste part either slaine or taken with their Captaines before named neuerthelesse our Englishmen defended the Town often skirmishing wyth the French and putting them to the worse vntill the twentith daye of August and then came an army out of Englande of sixetéene thousande of the whiche foure thousande were Almaines the Kyngs Lieuetenant was the Earle of Shrewsburie the General of the Almaines was Captaine Courtney At the comming of this armie the Frenchemenne and Scottes in peaceable manner departed from before Hadington giuing our Captaynes and Souldiers great commendation for their seruice Francis Earle of Sâ—râ—wshurie after he had séene the Towne victualled and stored with fresh Souldiers and munitions departed into England and our meÌ„ kept the Towne of Hadington oftentimes skirmishing with the Frenchmen and Scottes till the twentith day of September Hadington rased by Englishe men and then came with the Earle of Rutland with thrée thousand Almaynes and as many Borderers who caused the Toâ—ne to be razed and so brought their Ordinance and carriage to Berwike and returned without battayle On Saint Peters day Stephen Gardiner Bishop of Winchester Bishop of VVinchester sent to the Tovver preached at Westminster in the Courte before the King for the which Sermon he was on the morrow after sent to the Tower of London The vij of July a Priest was hanged and quartered in A Priest of Cornevvall executed Smithfield for that he and other in Cornewall had slayne Mayster Body one of the Kings Commissioners the others of his societie were put to death in diuers other partes of the Realme This yeare a great mortalitie by the pestilence was in Great Pestileuce in London London wherefore commaundement was giuen to all Curates and other hauing to do therwith that no corps should be buried before sixe of the clocke in the morning nor after sixe of the clocke at night and that there should at the buriall of euery corpse be rong one bell at the least by the space of thrée quarters of an houre In September dyed Quéene Katherine late â—â—â—s to King Queene Katherine dyed Henry and after marryed to Sir Thomas Seymer Lorde Admirall William Locke Iohn Aâ—liâ—e the 28. of September Sherifes Maior Sir Henry Aâ—â—ots Fishmonger the 28. of October The xvj of Nouember Saint Annes Church within Aldersgate Saint Annes Church brent Anno reg 3. Lord Thomas Seymer beheaded of London was brent The xvj of January Thomas Seymer Lord Admirall and brother to the Lord Protector was sent to the Tower of London the xx of March he was beheaded on the Tower hill The â—â—â—th o◠〈◊〉 Proclamation was made for the 1549 â—â—â—â—e to be put downe through the whole 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 tenth 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 the â—loysten of Paules Church in 〈◊〉 â—alâ—â—â— Pardon Churchyard with the Daunce of Death commonly called the Daunce of Paules about the Daunce of Paules pulled dovvâ—â—e same Cloyster costly and cunningly wrought and the Chappell in the midst of the same Church-yard were all began to be pulled downe Also the Chernill house of Paules with the Chappell Charnill house of Paules there after the Tombes and other Monuments of the dead were pulled downe and the dead mens bones buryed in the fields were conuerted into dwelling houses shoppes About the same time the Stéeple and most part of the Church of Saint Iohn by Smithfield blovvne vp Church of Saint Iohn of Hierusalem néere vnto Smithfield was vndermined and ouerthrowne with Gunne powlder the stone whereof was applyed in the building of the Lorde Protectors house at the Strand The xxiij of Aprill sixe houses at Broken Wharffe were Fire at Broken VVharffe brent In the moneth of May by meanes of a Proclamation for eâ—â—losuâ—es the Commons of Somersetshire and Lincolneshire made a Commotion and brake vp certayne Parkes Commotion in Sommersetshire and Lincolneshire of Sir William Herberds and Lord Sturtons but Sir William Herberd â—lew and executed many of those Rebels In July the Commons of Essex and Kent Suâ—â—â—ke and Norffolke rose agaynst inclosures and pulled downe dyuers Parkes 〈◊〉 Also the Commons of Cornewall and Deuonshire rose against Commotion in Cornevvall and Deuonshire the Nobles and Gentlemen and required not only that the inclosures might be disparked buâ—â— also to haue their old Religion and Acte of sixe Articles restored these â—â—sée god the Citie of Excester which was valiantly defended Against these Rebels was sent Iohn Lord Russell Lord priuie Seale with a number of Souldyers who entred the Citie of Excester the fifth of August where they â—lew and â—ooke prisoners of the â—â—eâ—â—â—s more than four thousand and Rebels subdued after hanged diuers of them in the Towne and Countrey about The Lorde Gray was also sente with a number of Strangers horssemen who in diuers conflictes sâ—ew many people and spoyled the Countrey The last of July William Lorde Marques of Northhampton Commotion at Norvvich Lord Sheffield slayne Marciall Lavv. entred the Citie of Norwich and on the next morning the Rebels also entred the Towne burned part thereof put the Lorde Marques to flighte and sâ—ewe the Lorde Sheffeld In this meane time diuers persons were apprehended as ayders of the foresayde
hundreth men wherefore Wyat caused a two péeces of Ordinance to be layde on the ende of the Bridge whiche so feared them on the other syde that they durst not abyde then caused hée thrée or foure of hys Souldyers to leape into the Thamis and to swimme to the other syde who lewsed the Westerne Barges whyche there lay tyed and so brought them ouer and by that meanes he passed the water it was woonderfull what paynes hée tooke himselfe comming on foote amongst them neyther dyd they stay anye whitte all that nyghte but came almost to Brayneforde or euer they were discryed by the Quéenes scoutes who there by chaunce méeting Brette and hys companye Brette sayde to the scoute backe villayne if thou goe farther to discouer any thing héere thou shalte dye out of hande the scoute returned in great hast The same day in the afternoone were two men hanged Execution in Paules Church-yard on a Gibbet in Paules Church yard by Marciall law the one being seruant to the Duke of Suffolke and late Sheriffe of Leycester the other a Baker one of the white coates sent out of the Citie agaynste Wyat and the same day came tidings that the Duke with his bréethren were taken The same day towards night there was laden tenne or twelue Cartes with OrdinaÌ„ce as Billes Pikes Speares bowes arrowes powlder shotte shouels mattockes baskets and other munitions two Culâ—erings one Sacre thrée Fawcons and a Fawconet all which stuffe stayde in Paules Church yard The same night also aboute fyâ—e of the clocke a Trompetter went about and warned all horssemen and men of armes to be at Saint Iames field and all footemen also to be there by sixe of the clocke in the next morning The Quéenes scoute vpon his returne to the Court declared Wyats béeing at Brayneforde whiche sodeyne newes made all in the Courte wonderfullye afrayde Drommes went through London at four of the clocke commanding all Souldiours to armour and so to Charing crosse Wyat hearing that the Earle of Pembroke was come into the fields he stayde at Knightes bridge vntill day where his men being very wéerie with trauell of that night and the day before and also partly féebled and faint hauing receyued small sustenance since their comming out of Southwarke restlesse There was no small ado in London and likewise the Tower made great preparation of defence By tenne of the cloke the Earle of Pembroke had set his troupe of horssemen on the hill in the high way aboue the newe bridge ouer against Saint Iames his footemen were set in two battels somewhat lower and néerer Charing Crosse at the lane turning downe by the bricke wall from Islington ward where he had set also certayne other horssemen and he had planted his Ordinance vpon the hill side In the meane season Wyat and his company planted his Ordinance vppon VVyat in Saint Iames fielde a hill beyond Saint Iames almost ouer against the Parke corner and himselfe after a few words spoken to his Souldyers came downe the old lane on foote hard by the Court gate at Saint Iames with four or fiue auntients his menne marching in good array Cuthbert Vaughan and a two antients turned downe towarde Westminster The Earle of Pembrokes horssemen houered all this whyle without mouing vntill all was passed by sauing the tayle vpon which they did set and cut off the other marched forward in array and neuer stayd or returned to the ayde of theyr tayle the greate Ordinance shotte off freshly on both sydes Wyats Ordinance ouershotte the troupe of Horssemen The Quéenes Ordinance one péece strake thrée of Wyats company in a rancke vpon the heads and slaying them strake through the wall into the Parke more harme was not done by the greate shotte of neyther partie The Quéenes whole battayle of footemen standing still Wyat passed along by the wall towardes Charing Crosse where the sayde Horssemen that were there set vppon parte of them but was soone forced backe At Charing Crosse there stoode Sir Iohn Gage Lorde Chamberlayne wyth the Garde and a number of other béeing almost a thousande the which vppon Wyats comming shotte at hys companye but at the last fledde to the Court gates which certayne pursued and forced wyth shotte to shutte the Court gates against them In thys repulse the sayde Lorde Chamberlayne and others were so amazed that manye cryed Treason in the Courte and hadde thought that the Earle of Pembroke who was assaulting the tayle of hys Enimies hadde gone to Wyat takyng hys parte agaynst the Quéene there was running and trying out of Ladyes and Gentlewomen shutting of dores and windowes and suche a shriking and noyse as was wonderfull to heare Wyat wyth hys menne marched still forwarde all along to Temple Barre and so thorough Fleetestreete tyll hée came to the Bell Sauadge an Inne nigh vnto Ludgate wythout resistance hys menne goyng not in any good order or array It is sayde that at Strand certayne of the Lorde Treasurers hand to the number of thrée hundreth men whereof the Lorde Chidioke Powlet his sonne was Captayne met them and so going on the one side passed by them going on the other side without any thing saying to them Also this is more strange the sayde Wyat and hys company passed along by a greate companye of harnessed men whiche stoode on both sides the stréetes without anye withstanding them And as he marched forward through Fléetestréete most with their swords drawne some cryed Quéene Mary hath graunted oure request and giuen vs pardon other sayde the Quéene hath pardoned vs thus some of Wyats men came euen to Ludgate and knocked calling to come in saying there was Wyat whome the Quéene had graunted to haue their requestes but the Lorde William Howarde stoode at the Gate and sayde auant Traytor thou shalt not come in héere Wyat a while stayde and rested hym vppon a stall ouer agaynste the Bell Sauadge Gate and at the last séeing hée could not gette in to the Citie and béeing deceyued of the ayde hée hoped for returned backe agayne in array towards Charing Crosse and was neuer stopped till hée came at Temple barre where certayne Horssemen which came from the fielde mette them in the face and then beganne the fyghte agayne tyll Clarensus an Herraulte came and sayde to Mayster Wyat Sir you were best by my counsell to yéelde you sée thys daye is gone agaynste VVyat taken you and in resisting you can gette no good but bée the death of all these your Souldioures to youre great perill of Soule perchance you maye fynde the Quéene mercifull and the rather if yée stint so greate bloudshead as is lyke héere to bée Wyat héerewyth béeyng somewhat astonyed although hée sawe hys menne bente to fyghte sayde well if I shall néedes yéelde I wyll yéelde me to a Gentleman to whome Sir Mawrice Barkeley came streight and bade hym leape vp behynde hym and another tooke Thomas Cobham and Wyllyam Kneuet so carryed them behinde them vpoÌ„
was condempned as principal of the murder according to which sentence he was excuted in Smithfield on Monday the xx of April at which time also vntruely as she hir selfe confessed afterward he laboured George Brovvn hanged in Smith fielde by al meanes to cleare Maistresse Saunders of coÌ„mitting euill of hir body with him then flung himselfe besides the Ladder he was after hanged vp in chaines neare vnto the place where he had done the facte In the meane time mistresse Drewry hir man being examined as well by their owne confessions as by falling out of the matter and also by Browns appeachment thought culpable were committed to warde And after mistresse Saunders being deliuered of child and churched for at the time of hir husbaÌ„ds death she looked presently to lie downe was vpon mistresse Drewryes mans confession and other great likelyhoodes likewise committed to the Tower and on Wednesday the sixth of May arraigned with mistresse Drewry at the Guild hall the effect of whose enditemeÌ„t was that they by a letter written had bin procurers of the sayde murther and knowing the murther done had by money and otherwise relieued the murtherer wherevnto they pleaded not giltie howbeit they were both condemned as accessaries to Mayster Saunders death and executed in Anne Sanders Anne Drevvry trusty Roger hanged Smithfield the thirtéenth of May being Wednesday in the Whitson wéeke at which time they both confessed themselues giltie of the fact Trusty Roger mistresse Drewryes man was arraigned on Fryday the eyght of May and béeing there condemned as accessarie was executed with hys mistresse at the time and place aforesayd Not long after Anthony Brovvne hanged at Yorke Anthony Browne brother to y â— forenamed George Browne was for notable felonies conuayed from Newgate to Yorke and there hanged The tenth of Aprill seauen Pirates which among other had bin taken on the North Seas were ledde from Pirats hanged at VVapping Southwarke to Wapping and fiue of them were there hanged the other two had their pardon at the gallowes The seauentéenth of Aprill a Chandlers wife without Aldreds gate of London who had practised hir husbands death Four vvomen on the Pillorie by poysoning and other wayes was set on the Pillory in Cheape with thrée other women who had bin of hir counsell two of them were with hir there whipped This yeare the Quéenes maiestie of Englande being moued Ayd sent into ScotlaÌ„d against the Castell of Edenborough by the Regent of Scotlande in the behalfe of the yong King of Scottes hir Cousen sente a power of 1500. Englishmen to the séege of Edenborough Castell Sir William Drewry Knight Marshall of Barwike to be Generall of hir forces there with Captaynes as foloweth Sir Francis Russell Knight Captayne Reade of Barwike as these folowing also Captayne Yaxley Captayne Wood Captayne Brickwell Captayne Pikeman Captayne Gamme Captayne Cace Captayne Carew Captayne Erington Prouost Marshall Captayne Astoll Captayne Sterlee Captayne of the Pioners and Captayne Barton also of the Pioners Diuers other Gentlemen also went thither to serue of their owne frée willes as Sir George Carie Knight Sir Henry Lee Knighte Mayster Thomas Cecil Maister Michaell Carie Mayster Henry Carie Mayster William Knolles Mayster Thomas Sutton Mayster Cotton Mayster Kelway Mayster Dier Mayster Tilney Mayster William Killigrew Mayster Wlliam Selby and other Sir William Drewry with the Captaines GentlemeÌ„ number of souldiers before mentioned passed from Barwike to Lieth froÌ„ whence on the xxv day of April they marched on to Edenborough entred y e town the same day sommoned y â— Castell in forme as followeth Tho. Churchyard Sir William Kirkandie sometime of Graunge Knighte for as much as the Quéenes Maiestie my soueraigne Lady vpon the earnest request of hir deare coosin y â— King of Sots your soueraign Lorde made to hir highnesse by his regent nobilitie and states of this realme after al good meanes vsed to haue reduced you to dutifull obedience of his authority by treatie which hither to you haue not duely hearkened vnto to the only hinderaunce of the vniuersall peace in this realme by withholding that his highnesse Castle meaning as it séemeth to reserue the same for a receptacle of forraine forces to the manifest daungers both of this realme and of my soueraignesse and therefore necessarie to remoue so perilous a daunger to both the realmes for which consideration hir Maiestie hath sente hir ayde and succours of men ordinaunce and munition vnder my charge and leading for the repugnation and recouerie of the sayde Castel to the saide Kings vse and behalfe and therefore according to hyr Maiesties commandement and commission this shal be in due manner to warne require and summon you that you render and deliuer the saide Cascell with the whole ordinaunce artillerie munitions Jewels housholde stuffe and such other implements within the same to me and the vse and behalfe of the King your soueraigne and his regent in his name immediately after this my letter of Summons or knowledge of the same shall come to you which if you obey as of duetie you oughte then shall I in hir Maiesties name enterpone my selfe to trauaile with the regent counsel and nobilitie here for y e safetie of your liues c. Otherwise if you continue in your former obstinacie abyding the Canon then no further to looke for grace or fauour but you and the rest within that Castell to be pursued to the vttermost and holden as enemies to hir maiestie your owne soueraigne Countrey Giuen at Edenburgh by me sir WilliaÌ„ Drurie Knighte generall of hir Maiesties forces nowe in Scotland this xxv of April 1573. The Lord Grange Captain of y e Castell notwithstaÌ„ding this somonaÌ„ce refused vtterly to yéeld y â— Castel who thervpoÌ„ receiued such answere froÌ„ y e general as stoode not to his contentation Herevpon were the Pioners set in hand to caste trenches and to raise mounts in places conuenient to plaÌ„t the ordinaunce vppon And then began the siege of the Castell in fiue places where were erected 5. mounts The first was for the regent called the King mount The seconde for sir William Drurie general there The third was gouerned by sir George Carie. The fourth by sir Henrie Lee. The fifth by Maister Thomas Sutton Maister of the ordinance in the Northe parte of Englande There was at thys siege as is reported 1500. Englishmen and of Scottes fiue hundred there was also one with another péeces of Artillery 30. sixe Canons nine halfe Canous ix Culuerings sixe Sakers They within spared not to bestow such as they had as wel at y e pioners as souldiours in so much y e diuerse were hurt and some sâ—ayne before the trenches and mountes might be brought to perfection but they within escaped not frée especially after that the trenches and mountes were brought in state to defende the assaylants who watching and warding in the trenches answered them within the Castell very roughly On
Chancellor to the Uniuersitie as is testified by the Charter of K. Henrie the sixth bearing date the 37. yeare of his raigne whyche was the yeare of Christ 1459. Iesus Colledge was founded by Iohn Alcocke the 29. Byshop Iesus Colledge of Ely who did conuert the Monastery of Saint Raâ—â—gond the Abbesse liuing a dissolute life the Monasterie then destitute of gouernement the edyfices fallen in ruine and in conclusion the Nuns departing thence leauing it desolate into a Colledge of Chaplaines and Scholers the yeare of Christe 1446. This Iohn Alcocke was borne in Kingstone vppon Hull and therefore builded there a Fréeschoole The rentes of Iesus Colledge hathe bin more amplified by sir Robert Reade Knight Doctour Eleston Doctor Royston and Doctor Fuller Christes Colledge was founded by King Henry the sixth Christs colledge who named it Gods House as it was sometime a greate Hostell so called King Henry the seauenth granted hys Charter to Lady Margaret hys mother Countesse of Richemont Darby to encrease the Students there translating it at hir disposition so that from thenceforth it should be called Christes Colledge 1505. Saint Iohns Colledge being firste an Hostell of religious Chanons was erected by Nigellus the seconde Bishoppe of Ely Treasourer to King Henrie the firste the yeare of Christe 1134. Those Chanons lyued by the name of the Hospitall and brethren of Saint Iohn vntil the yere of Christ 1510. though at that time so farre decayed that there was but a Prior two brethren and by the dilapidations of their goods moueable and vnmoueable they abased their reuenues within the space of ten yeres last paste from the summe of an hundred and fortie pounde to thirtie pounde c. Wherevpon King Henrie the eight Richarde Byshop of Winchester Iohn Bishoppe of Rochester Charles Somerset Lorde of Herbert Thomas Louell Henry Marne Iohn Sent-Iohn Knights Henry Horneby and Hugh Ashton Clearks executors of y e testament of Lady Margaret Countesse of Richmont Darby grandmother to King Henry the eight mother to King Henry the seuenth vpon the suppressioÌ„ of the said priorie she being preuented by death leauing behinde hir sufficient goodes and committing the same to those hir friendes and executors they erected the saide Colledge Magalene Colledge was firste an Hostell or Hall inhabited Magdalene Colledge by dyuers Monkes of sundrye Monasteries Edward Duke of Buckingham translated the same to a Colledge naming it Buckingham Colledge who builded vp the Hall in the yeare of Christe 1519. After him Thomas Audley of Walden sometime Chauncellor of Englande tooke on him to be Founder of the saide Colledge and going aboute to establishe the same was preuented by death so that what he had begonne he left vnperfect and altogither vnfinished Trinitie Colledge was founded by King Henrie the eighte Trinitie Colledge in the yeare of Christ 1546. This Colledge was builded in the plot where somtime Edwarde the thyrde builded his house called the Kings hall in the yeare of Christ 1334. There was ioyned vnto this Hall a Colledge called Michael house with an Hostell called Phisicke Hostell and after the building there being made of thrée King Henrie the eight named it Trinitie Colledge Michael house was firste founded by Harnious de Stanton Priest Chauncellor of the Exchequer to Edwarde the second of whome he obtained licence to erect the saide Colledge in the yeare of oure sauiour Christ 1324. ¶ And thus farre of the Uniuersitie of Cambridge with the Colledges and Halles in the same ¶ The Vniuersitie of Oxford was instituted by King Alfred a Saxon after the byrth of Christe 873. yeares And hathe Colledges VNiuersitie Colledge founded in the time of King Vniuersitie Colledge Alfred by sir William Archdeacon of Duresme in the yeare 873. The Uniuersitie Church alias Saint Marie Church was begun to be reedified in y e time of Doctor Fitz-Iames after Bishoppe of London he procured much money towardes the building of it The battlements of it were full of Pinacles but by tempest were most of theÌ„ thrown down in one night Balioll colledge Baliol Clledge was founded in the tyme of Edwarde the first by Iohn Balioll K. of Scotland in the yere of Christ 1263. Merton Colledge was founded in the time of Edwarde the Merton Colledge firste by Walter Merton Byshoppe of Rochester the yeare of Christ 1276. Excester Colledge was founded in the time of Edward the Excester Colledge seconde by Walter Stapleton Bishoppe of Excester 1316. And augmented in the time of oure Soueraigne Ladye Elizabeth by sir William Peter Knight in the yere of Christ Anno. 156â— Oriall Colledge was founded in the time of Edwarde the Oriall Colledge seconde by sir Adam Browne Almoner of the said King the yeare of Christe 13â—3 Queenes Colledge was founded in the time of Edwarde the Queenes Colledge thyrde by Robert Eglishfielde in his owne grounde and by him called the Queenes hall he was Chapleine to the Lady Philip wife to the same Edward the yeare of Christ 1340. Newe Colledge was founded in the time of King Richard Nevv Colledge the seconde by William Wickham Byshoppe of Winchester the yere of Christ 1375. Lincolne Colledge was founded in y â— time of Henry the fifth Lincolne Colledge by Richard Fleming Bishop of Lincolne 1430. and augmented in Richard the thirds time by Thomas Rotheram Byshop of Lincolne in the yere 1479. Alsoule Colledge was founded in the time of King Henry y â— Alsoule Colledge sixth by Henry â—icheâ—y Archbi of Canterburie in y â— yere 1437. He also founded Barnard Colledge in Oxford since suppressed by K. HeÌ„ry the eight now reedified by sir Thomas White and by him called Saint Iohns Colledge Diuinitie Schoole was founded in the time of King Henry Diuinitie schoole the sixth by Humfrey Duke of Gloucester 1447. Magdalen Colledge was founded in the time of king Henry Magdalen Colledge the sixth by William Wainflet Bish of Winchester 1459. He builded a good part of Eaton Colledge begon by Henry y â— sixth he builded a Fréeschoole at Wamflet Brasen nose Colledge was founded in y â— raigne of King Henry Brase nose Colledge the seuenth by Wil. Smith B. of Lincolne in the yere 1513. The same William Smith sometime Bishop of Lichfielde ordayned an Hospitall there for pore folkes and a Gramer Schoole for pore folkes children Also at Farneworth where he and his parents had their originall he bestowed x. pound the yere foreuer to one that should teach a Gramer schoole Corpus Christi Colledge was founded in the raigne of Henrie Corpus Christi Colledge the seauenth by Richard Foxe Bishop of Winchester himselfe being a Fellow in Pembrooke hall in Cambridge he endowed the same Colledge with 40. â— 8. sÌ„ 11. d. of yerely rent for euer the yere 1516. Christes Churche was founded in the time of Henry the Christes church eight by Thomas Wolsey Cardinal Archebishop of Yorke in the yere of