Gate Gates of Cities were the ordinary places of audience chapter IV verse 1 and judicature Deut. XVII 2 8. 2 Sam. XIX 8. Prov. XXXI 23. Jer. XXXVIII 7. Lam. V. 13. And the usual maner of Prophets was to publish their Prophecies in the Gates either of the Temple or of the Citie of Jerusalem Jer. VII 2. and XIX 2. and XXVI 10. and sometimes of the Kings house as places of greatest concourse of people Jer. XVII 19. and XXII 1 2. Lest I marre mine own inheritance Want an heire verse 6 if I shall have but one childe by her or having many she being young and poor weaken mine owne inheritance in dividing it among so many specially if he were now a widower and had children by his former wife A man plucked off his shoe These Ceremonies then used in buying verse 7 and bargaining of land in reedeeming and changing had some resemblance to that Law Deut. XXV 8 9. But with diverse differences See Psal. LX. 8. The Ceremonies that respected the person of Ruth are here not mentioned but may seeme either omitted or else transacted with much alteration from the first institution as those times now were THe two Books of Samuel are thought to be written by Samuel Nathan and Gad one after another 1 Chron. XXIX 29. Yet some passages in them may seeme to intimate the writing of them to have been of a later time As 1 Sam. V. 5. and XXVII 6. and XXX 25. 2. Sam. VI. 8 and XVIII 8. They may better be called The I. and II. Book of Kings The I. containing all the History of King Saul Samuel dying 1 Sam. XXV And the II. the History of King Ishbosheth shortly and of King David at large And so do the LXX and many other stile them I. Samuel THis first Book contains an History of eighty years viz fourty in the time of Heli Ch. IV 18. in the four first Chapters And fourty in the times of Samuel and King Saul in the rest If Samuels time be reckoned in with that of Saul Or rather thus fourty to Eli whereof the former half runs up in the times of the Judges in the twenty years of Sampson And the later halfe or twenty begins with this Book after the death of Sampson and the end of the Book of the Judges And then follow twenty years of Samuels Government alone And after that fourty years of King Saul Acts XIII 21. In the former part whereof Samuel also lived and partly judged with him as appears in the XIII XV. XVI XIX Chaters of this Book though he withdrew from Saul in his last dayes 1 Sam. XV. 35. And died ch XXV And in regard whereof they are named as joynt partners in the administration of the Government 1 Sam. XI 7. Still in the whole eighty years An Ephrathite As the Jewes are called Cretes chapter I verse 1 and Arabians Parthians Medes Elamites c. because borne and bred up in those Countreys Acts II. 9 10 11. For though borne or at least dwelling in Mount Ephraim in Ramah yet was Elkanah and so Samuel his son of the posterity of Izhar the son of Kohath the son of Levi 1 Chron. VI. 33 38. Eli Eli or Heli verse 3 was by unknown descents of the posterity not of Eleazer the elder but of Ithamar the younger son of Aaron the son of Amram the son of Kohath the son of Levi. Eli was extraordinarily both High Priest and Judge And a good and famous man though faulty and infamous in his children And therfore more grievously punished for their flagitious wickednesse then Samuel for his sons lesser faults See the sins of the sons of the High Priest Joshua Ezra X. 18. From Eli descended Phinehas his son Ahitub his son 1 Sam. IV. 19 21. compared with chap. XIV 3. Ahimelech his son slaine by Saul his brother was Ahijah 1 Sam. XIV 3. and XXII 9 11. Abiathar his son in Davids time 1 Sam. XXII 20. 1 King I. 7. This Abiathar is named High Priest by our Saviour Marke II. 26. when David did eate the Shew-bread because Abiathar then was with his Father Ahimelech joyned in that action of giving the bread to David instantly succeeded in his Fathers roome and Priesthood was therein more eminent then his Father and continued therein with David in his persecution by Saul and in all the time of his reigne afterward And thus have we no need in that whole History of Ahimelech and Abiathar Father and son to make them Binomii to be both known by both those names and both indifferently called by either yet see the great Annotations on 1 Chron. XVIII 16. This Abiather was thrust out of the High Priesthood by Solomon 1 King II. 26 27. And the sons of Abiathar were Ahimelech and Jonathan 2 Sam. VIII 17. and XV. 27. This Ahimelech and not his Grandfather of the same name is he that is usualy joyned with Zadok in Davids reigne And both then are named Priests 2 Sam. VIII 17. 1. Chron. XXIV 31. i. e. Priests of the second ranck or next the High Priest who then was Abiathar Such a second Priest we read of 2 King XXV 18. Jer. LII 24. who upon any extraordinary occurrent restraining or disabling the High Priest was to supply his place This Jonathan the son of Abiathar was imployed with Ahimaaz the son of Zadok as newes-bearer to David in his flight from Absolom 2 Sam. XV. 27 28. and XVII 17. Of Zadok See 2 Sam. VIII 17. Temple So is the Tabernacle here called verse 9 And so chap. III. 3. 2 Sam. XXII 7. Psal. XXVII 6. And so again The Temple is called a Tabernacle Lam. II. 6. Samuel We read not that he was High Priest verse 20 or ever so called But an extraordinary Prophet and Judge a Nazarite ver 11. a Sacrificer though a Levite onely and most likely of the posterity of that Korah Num. XVI 32. and of the race of Izhar the son of Kohath the son of Levi as was formerly said 1 Chron. VI. A rare and worthy person The doores of the house of the Lord The Hangings of the Gate of the Court chapter III verse 15 Exod XXVII 16. Ark The Ark so precious in the eyes of God chapter IV verse 3 and of the Israelites and that worthily Psal LXXVIII 61. and CXXXII 8. 1. Sam. IV. 20. Was carried about the walls of Jericho and then returned into the Tabernacle Being in the Tabernacle in Shiloh it was taken thence and never came into the Tabernacle again and was carried to Eben-Ezer a place ominous then but a monument of Gods help soone after into the Camp 1 Sam. IV. 1 3 4 5. and V. 1. that it might save them out of the hand of their enemies the Philistines As we read the Philistines themselves in the dayes of David brought their Images into their Camp 2 Sam V. 21. 1 Chron. XIV 12. The Ark being taken there by the Philistines they carried it about to Ashdod into
31. Ahazia the son of Ahab began to reigne in the seventeenth yeare of Jehoshaphat King of Judah and reigned two years Jehoram the other son of Ahab begins to reigne in the second year of Jehoram the son of Jehoshaphat 2 Kings I. 17. and in the eighteenth year of Jehoshaphat and reigned twelve years 2 Kings III. 1. Jehoshaphat began to reigne in the fourth year of Ahab 1 Kings XXII 41. and reigned twenty five years 2 Chron. XX. 31. Jehoram the son of Jehoshaphat began to reigne in his fathers life-time and in the fifth year of Jehoram of Ahab and reigned eight years 2 Kings VIII 16 17. Ahaziah Kings of Judah and son of Jehoram King of Judah began to reigne in the twelfth year of Jehoram of Ahab 2 Kings VIII 25. in his eleventh year chap. IX 29. Ahaziah himself being then twenty two years old 2 Kings VIII 26. or fourty two years old 2 Chron. XXII 2. And he reigned one year 2 Kings VIII 26. 2 Chron. XXII 2. All the doubts arising from the Premises are fairly cleared as followeth viz. Jehoshaphat King of Judah beginning to reigne in the fourth year of Ahab King of Israel And Jehoram King of Israel and Ahaziah King of Judah being both slaine by Jehu in one yeare Therfore between their deaths And the first of Jehoshaphat or fourth of Ahab there must be one and the same distance and period of time Which agrees well thus In the line of Israel eighteen years remaining of Ahabs twenty two 1 Kings XVI 29. Two of Ahaziah but one of them in his fathers life-time and twelve of Jehoram in all 31. And so in the line of Iudah twenty five of Iehoshaphat and eight of Iehoram whereof two at least in his fathers life-time and Ahaziah but a piece of a year in all thirty one Now Ahaziah of Israel beginning to reigne in the seventeenth of Iehoshaphat shewes that Ahab had made him Viceroy the year before his death for Ahab died in the eighteenth of Iehoshaphat And so this Ahaziah reigned but one year himself alone And Iehoram the other son of Ahab beginning to reigne in the second year of Iehoram the son of Iehoshaphat shewes That Iehoshaphat had made his son Iehoram his Viceroy the same year that Ahab had done the like viz. the year before their going to battel to Ramoth-Gilead which battell was in the last of Ahab and eighteenth of Iehoshaphat And Iehoram the son of Iehoshaphat beginning to reigne in the fifth year of Iehoram of Ahab and that being in the time of Iehoshaphats own reigning and Iehoram reigning from that time eight years shewes that Iehoshaphat made his son of Voiceroy King joynt with himself in the twenty third year of his reigne two years before his death And so this Iehoram reigned as King two years in his father Iehoshaphats life-time and six years after his death Not four years in his life-time and four years after his death as is usualy averred And Ahaziah of Iudah upon the premises begins to reigne upon the twelfth year beginning or eleventh year ending of Iehoram of Israel And Iehoram the father of this Ahaziah beginning to reigne in the thirty two year of his age and reigning eight years and dying at fourty 2 Kings VIII 17 24 This Ahaziah cannot possibly be fourty two but twenty two when he began to reigne his father being married to Athaliah his mother in the eighth year of Iehoshaphats reigne And those fourty two years must needs relate to another time then Ahaziah's age and do justly agree with the number of years of the continuance of Omri his race in the royal Throne from whom this Ahaziah descended by his mother Athaliah and in whom and Omries grandchilde Jehoram it ended Thus Omri alone after the death of Tibni six or seven years 1 Kings XVI 23 29. Ahab twenty two Ahaziah alone one Jehoram twelve in all fourty two And the Hebrew expression in 2 Chron. XXII 2. is this A sonne of fourty two years was Ahaziah inhis reigning which may have a relation to a continuance in a stock And a passage and computation not unlike to this is that 2 Chron. XV. 19. and chap. XVI 1. from the beginning of the division of the two Kingdomes of Judah and Israel This Ahaziah of Judah is otherwise called Azariah 2 Chron. XXII 6. and Jehoahaz chap. XXI 17. and Joahaz 2 Chron. XXV 23. For the times of the reignes of Uzziah Jotham Ahaz and Hezekiah Kings of judah And of Zuchariah Shallum Menachem Pekiah Pekah Hosheah Kings of Israel take this as followeth Vzziah being smitten with Leprosie in his old age for attempting to offer Incense on the Altar of Incense his son Jotham was over the Kings house judging the people of the Land 2 Chron. XXVI 21. This seemes to be four years before his father Uzziah's death And so may seeme to extend after a sort the number of the years of Jothams reigne to twenty 2 Kings XV. 30. whereas Jotham reigned only sixteen years after the death of his father Uzziah 2 Kings XV. 33. Jotham begins his sixteen in the second of Pekah's twenty 2 Kings XV. 32. In Iothams dayes Pekah and Rezin begin to trouble Iudah 2 Kings XV. 37. Ahaz begins his sixâ—een in the seventeenth of Pekah's twenty 2 Kings XVI 1. Then doth the danger by Pekah and Rezin increase He is spoiled by them and by the Edomites and the Philistines 2 Chron. XXVIII And by the Assyrian partly helped and partly distressed Hezekiah begins his twenty nine in the third of Hoshea 2 Kings XVIII 1 2. that is the third after his first nine 2 Kings XVII 1. which ninth falls in with the ending of the twelftth of Ahaz and that third after it falls in with the beginning of the sixteenth and last of Ahaz 2 King XV. 8 13. Zachariah begins in the thirty eight of Uzziah Shallum begins in the thirty nine of Uzziah Menachem begins his ten in the thirty nine of Uzziah 2 King XV. 17. Then Pul King of Assyria made an attempt upon Menachem ver 18 19 20. Pekahiah begins his two in the fiftieth of Vzziah 2 King XV. 23. Pekah begins his twenty in the fifty two of Vzziah 2 King XV. 27. And so Pekah's first and Uzziah's last are in one year In Pekah's dayes Tiglath-Pelezer captived Galilee and Naphtali into Assyria 2 King XV. 29. Hoshea rules and reignes eighteen years For thirty eight yeares are from the first of Jotham to the sixth of Hezekiah And so many must be from the first of Pekah to the end and last of Hoshea And Pekah reigning twenty the remain for Hoshea must needs be eighteen Hoshea begins in the twentieth of Jotham 2 King XV. 30. that is from the beginning of his reigne from the beginning of his sixteenth For Jothams fourth in his father Uzziah's time did precede his sixteene And his sixteene ended in the seventeenth of Pekah when Jothams son Ahaz began to reigne 2 King XVI 1. So that
to the Nations for them bring or send in the Israelies that are in captivity with them or sojourne among them This typicaly and chiefly relates to the calling home of the elect of them to Christ wheresover dispersed some at one time some at another and also the maine body of the residue in his own appointed season Acts II. 41. and IV. 4. and XXI 20. Rom. XI 5 25 26. 2 Cor. III. 16. The envie also of Ephraim That had beene between them verse 13 and Judah since the rent of the Kingdomes by Jeroboam the Ephraimite 1 Kings XII was to cease when united either to other in Christ Ezek XXXVII 16. Jer. III. 18. and the adversaries of Judah shall be cut off In the time of the Messias the obstinate enemies of the Church of God shall by Christ be destroyed see chap. LX. 12. But they shall flie verse 14 c. They shall subdue these inveterate enemies the enemies of the spiritual Kingdome of Christ hereby typified the tongue of the Egyptian sea verse 15 The Prophet here promiseth from God a removal of all impediments that might hinder the Jewes in this their returne into their land This their returne shadowing out the reducing of people to the obedience of Christ and his spiritual Kingdome By this tongue there is meant the red-sea which is like a tongue the river Nilus in the seven streames By which as by so many mouths it emptieth it self into the Sea To make way for the Jewes returne from her into their own land The meaning is that no impediment or obstacle should be so great that might hinder those who were to be brought home to Christ and his Church out of all quarters but it should be removed an high way The same meaning for Assyria verse 16 as in the former verse for Egypt in that day chapter XII verse 1 Of thy returne home thou shalt say And sing these or the like Hymnes of Praise composed by the Prophet as set formes or as directories to them or both So 1 Chron. XVI 7 35 36. in that day A preface or passage into a new forme verse 4 another ditty and this in way of exhortation to others to do the like Babylon Here begin Prophecies chapter XIII verse 1 purposely against forreign States And first against Babylon that should be their principal enemy The Inscription of this Sermon is here in the first words Of Burden See Jer. XXIII 33 36. Of Babylon see my Observations on Dan. IV. 30. Of her Fall see Jer. L. and LI. And this seemes to be the seventh Sermon Lift ye up a banner To summon those that were to be imployed against Babylon verse 2 nobles The great Peeres of Babylon my sanctified ones Set apart to this service verse 3 ver 17. Jer. LI. 27 28. a far countrey Media and Persia. verse 5 whole land Of Chaldea Howle ye Babylonians their faces shall be as flames Lam. IV. verse 6 8. and V. 10. Ezek. XX. verse 8 47. Yet this here seemes to be for fear of evil yet to come See therefore that Jer. XXX 5 6. Joel II. 6. Nahum II. 10. Yet the Original word seemes to incline to the faces of Lybians or tawny-moores the stars All shall be so full of horror and terror verse 10 that the heavenly bodies may seem to have lost their light no glimps of comfort shall appeare Ophir See the Observations on 1 King verse 12 X. 11. shake the heavens I will cause them to be in such confusion and distraction verse 13 as if heaven it self were falling upon their heads and the earth moving or removing from under their feet And it shall be Babylon turne to his owne people Babylon shall be forsaken by her hired forces and confederates verse 14 found Medes and Persians Medes verse 15 Under the conduct of Cyrus and Darius verse 17 overthrew Sodom verse 19 This utter devastation of Babylon was not at once but began at the conquest of it by Cyrus and in the succeeding ages was consummated It shall never be inhabited Jer. LI. 26 verse 20. 22. 29 43. and her time is near to come Esay in vision seeth the judgements as if presently approaching or this may be taken as spoken to and for them that then should be living in the time of the captivity of the LXX years For the Lord The reason of the hastening of the destruction of Babylon chapter XIV verse 1 which is Gods mercie and compassion towards his people the deliverance of whom depended upon Babylons destruction strangers shall be joyned See the like ch 5. XLIV and LVI 3. and LX. 3. Esther VIII 17. Psal. XLVII 8 9. This partly accomplished at their returne from Babylon but more in the Kingdome of Christ by the Ministery of the Gospel possesse them These Proselites and Converts verse 2 take them captive c. Partly verified in the time of the Maccabees literaly but most of all spiritualy by the means and ministery of the Apostles and Preachers subduing them to the obedience of Christs Scepter this Proverb Or by-word verse 4 or taunting speech Here the Prophet continues the denunciation of the destruction of Babylon the King i. e. the Kingdome O Lucifer Meaning the Babylonian verse 12 the mount of the Congregation Mount Sion verse 13 or mount Moriah being in the North-side of Jerusalem 2 Chron. III. 1. Psal. XLVIII 2. that opened not the house of his prisoners But kept them LXX verse 17 years in captivity Prepare slaughter Esay speaks to the Medes and Persians verse 21. 23. 25. for the bitterne See chap. XIII 21 22. that I will break the Assyrian in my land Rather as in breaking the Assyrian in my land Sennacheribs overthrow it seemes was before this And it is brought in as an argument and example to prove that as God had done that one so he would as certainly do the other that is overthrow Babylon in its time In the yeare that King Ahaz died Here begins another Sermon verse 28 or Prophecie And might well be the beginning of another Chapter Chap. VI. did beare the date of the death of Uzziah This of the death of Ahaz Palestina Meaning here the Westerne part of Jury that was inhabited by the Philistines verse 29 Of the Philistines see my Annotations on Zech. IX 6. The Babylonians were the greatest enemies to the Jews farthest off The Philistines were their greatest enemies nearest at hand because the rod c. This is meant of King Uzziah who prevailed much in his wars against them 2 Chron. XXVI 6 7. But in Ahaz his reigne the state and strength of the Jews was much weakened whereat the Philistines did much rejoyce But Esay biddeth them not to be overjoyed for it should not last long a cockatrice Ezekiah 2 Kings XVIII 8. and his fruit shall be a fiery flying Serpent The Serpents fruit shoul be a cockatrice yea more then so a fiery flying Serpent And the first-borne of the poore The extremely poore verse 30 as
proper names as Pharaoh Neco 2. Kings 23. 29 Pharaoh Hophra Jer. 44. 30. In the Grecian Monarchy they were called Ptolemies Pharaohs house Likely stayed there a while V. 17. Plagued Psal. 105. 14. 1 Chron. 16. 21 22. V. 20. And Pharaoh commanded The King being angry expects no answer sent him away Haply with Honour as Exod. 18. 27. and safe conduct CHAP. XIII Verse 1. SOuth Canaan is South from Egypt V. 2. Very rich Ch. 12. 2. 24. 35. Prov. 10. 22. V. 5. And Tents Which implies also many servants that dwelt in those tents V. 6. To beare them But they wanted pasture and water for so many flocks and herds whence the strife rose v. 7. V. 7. And the Canaanite Had taken up the better part of pasturage neither were they to have a scandal given them by any dissensions and discords between Abram and Lot V. 8. And Abram said to Lot The Uncle and Superiour condescends herein and chooseth rather to take wrong then to contend 1 Cor. 6. 7. V 9 If thou wilt take By consent of the Canaanites Abram had no inheritance in it no not so much as to set his foot on Act. 7 5 Nor did he or could he give to Lot any title to the land but such an use of it as upon faire and reasonable termes he might obtain and enjoy Abram after bought a burial place ch 23 11 12 13. V. 10. Zoar Afterwards so called but then called Belah ch 14. 2 8. 19. 22. The meaning is all the Plaine of Jordan even to Zoar was such V. 13. Sinners ch 19. 5. Ezech. 16. 49 50. Lot thinking to get Paradise found hell V. 15. Which thou seest Part whereof each way thou seest So Moses viewed the land but possessed it not Deut. 34. 1. 4. and to thy seed For thy sake The heavenly Canaan to thy spiritual seed Christs mystical body for Christs sake Gal. 3. 16. Rom. 9. 6 7 8. Gal. 4. 22 23. for ever if they obey and keep my Covenant Esay 65. 9. Psal. 69. 35 36. degenerate not John 8. 39 But else not Deut. 4. 25 26. Lev. 26. 33. 18. 28. Ezech. 33 24 25 26. But I will give the heavenly Canaan typified by this Heb. 11. 10 16. to thy spiritual seed to all eternity Gal. 3 â—6 26 28 29. V. 16. as the dust Ch. 28. 14. 32. 12. so Balaam said Numb 23. 10. V. 18. Plaine of Mamre Ch. 14. 13 24. The Plaine of Morch differs from this and joyâ—es to Shechem chap. 12. 6. which is in Hebron It had this name afterward before it was called Kiriath-Arba ch 23. 2. 35 27. Josh 14. 15. 15. 13. It was after a famous burial place ch 49. 31. sometime possessed by Gaints Numb 13. 22. and driven out by Caleb Josh 15. 13 14 and given to him Josh. 14. 14. a City of Refuge in the Tribe of Judah Josh. 15. 54. 20. 7. David first reigned in it And thither most likely went the blessed Virgin to visit her Cousin Elizabeth Luke 1. 39. an Altar To sacrifice thankfully to God and to sanctifie his viewed heritage CHAP. XIV Verse 1. IN the dayes This falling out a little before Abram took Hagar as the sequence of the story sheweth and he taking Hagar in the tenth yeare after he left Haran and came into Canaan ch 16. 3. He being then seventy five yeares old ch 12. 4. must be now eighty foure at the time of this battel Shiaar Chaldea ch 10. 10. Chedorlaomer The chief in this expedition though two other Kings named before him v. 4 5. Elam Or Persia ch 10. 22. And so Chedorlaomer of Shems Progeny had Chams and Canaans posterity for subjects and servants ch 9. 26. who these Kings were and what their Kingdomes cannot certainly be determined V. 2. With Bera King of Sodom These following were but petty Kings Kings of Cities which were burnt ch 19. Deut. 29. 23. except Zoar fifteen yeares after when Sarah was with childe of Isaac as appeares chap. 18. 10 20 c. V. 3. The salt sea Josh. 3 16. called so afterwards the dead sea or â—ake Asphaltites of which many strange things are reported by Authors V. 5. Rephaims Ch. 15. 20. in Ashteroth A City in Bashan where Og after reigned Emims Where the Moabites after dwelt Deut. 2. 9 10 11. V. 6. Horites In Mount Seir till the Edomiteâ— drove them out Deut. 2. 22. Elparan Gen. 21. 21. V. 7. Kadesh So called in Moses time it was in the desert of Zin Numb 20. 1 14 16. 13. 26. 33. 36. Deut. 1. 2 46. Amalekites The people of that countrey where afterwards the Amalekites did dwell For Amalek the Grand-childe of Esau was yet unborn Gen. 36. 12. Hazezon-Tamar Which is Engedi 2 Chron. 20. 2. which fell afterwards to the tribe of Judah Josh. 15. 62. V. 10. Fell there Their armies rather then their persons For the King of Sodom escaped meeting Abram v. 17. V. 13. Confederate So Abimelech and Phicol with Abraham ch 21. v. 22 23. and after with Isaac ch 26. 26 c. Such confederacies with Infidels not simply in themselves unlawful Though specially forbidden with the Canaanite Exod. 34. 15. Deut 7. 2. And Jehoshaphat justly reproved for his needlesse familiarity and association with wicked Ahab 2 Chron. 19. 2. V. 14. Brother Being his brothers sonne v. 12. trained servants In militaty and religious discipline three hundred and eighteen A mighty Prince chap. 23. 6. pursued Justly for Lots sake though haply Chadorlaomers cause and quarrel might be just v. 4. unto Dan One of the two springs of Jordan at the foot of Lebanon in the North of Canaan where was a town of that name called Leshem or Laish Josh. 19. 47. Judg. 14. 29. V. 15. Unto Hoba Thus God gave the Nations before him and made him rule over Kings He gave them as the dust to his sword and as driven stubble to his bowe he pursued them and passed safely even by the way which he had not gone with his feet Esay 41. 2 3. V. 17. The Kings Dale So called in after-times where likely Absalom set up his pillar 2 Sam. 18. 18. V. 18. Melchisedech That this Melchisedech had father and mother descent or pedigree beginning of dayes and end of life is not to be doubted But the Scripture presents him to us as such no where telling us of his Parents descent birth or death and so in this and in his name Melchisedech and in his title of Office King of Salem and in his Offices themselves being both King and Priest the Priest of the most High God and that without being successour to any or having any successour to him and so as one that typically abideth for ever and as one that is far superiour to Abraham who blessed Abraham and to whom Abraham the Patriarch gave tithes therefore in regard of all these the Apostle makes him a notable type and figure of Christ of his Person and Offices of his Kingdome and Priesthood especially as
ch 26. 34. the daughter of Anah Called Beeri ch 26. 34. the daughter of Zibeon His Grand-childe And this doth distinguish this Anah from another of the name v. 20. who was the brother of Zibeon and so the Uncle of this Anah the Hivite A Hittite ch 26. 34. The Hivites comprehended the Hittites under them V. 3. And Bashemath Called Mahalath ch 28. 9. V. 6. And Esau took Had taken before Jacobs coming ch 32. 3. 33. 14. and went into the countrey Another countrey Mount Seir v. 8. from the face Before Jacobs coming ch 32. 3. V. 7. For their riches His and his fathers or else all this removing though begun as before yet might receive a full and final accomplishment after Jacobs coming and perhaps after Isaacs death When the riches of the two brethren were more then that they might dwell together in a land wherein they were but only sojourners and haply too that Esau by this time had already hope to get the possession of the land of Seir. V. 8. Seir So named from a man of that name v. 20. God gave it to Esau Deut. 2. 5 12. Josh. 24. 4. V. 11. Eliphaz were Teman Eliphaz the Temanite Job 2. 11. V. 12. And Timna Sister to Lotan the son of Seir v. 20 22. was married to Eliphaz Esaus sonne Thus by marriages and the sword Esau got into the rule and possession of Mount Seir ch 27. 40. 1 Chron. 1. 36. Amalek 1 Chron. 1. 36. A Duke v. 10. Whence came the Amalekites which were so great enemies to Israel Exod. 17. 8 14. V. 13. Revel 1 Chron. 1. 37. V. 15. Dukes Leaders or chief Governours fourteen in number After they had Kings v. 31. and after that Dukes again v 40 41 42 43. V 16. Duke Korah Omitted among the sons of Eliphaz v. 11. and 1 Chron. 1. 36. nor yet that Duke Korah v. 18. he being of another mother V. 20. Seir the Horite Ch. 14. 6. Horites seem to be of the Hivites v. 2. for Zibeon the Hivite v. 2. cometh of this race Their race is mentioned because of the affinities the Edomites made with them and the Edomites being their successors in the land and Government V. 24. This was that Anah Mule The vulgar Latine translates it Buhes Mules ingender not but are ingendred by an He-Asse upon a mare against the Law Lev. 19. 19. This Anah was father-in law to Esau v. 2. 25. V. 26. Children of Dishon Many following are of two names 1 Chron. 1. 41 c. Hemdam Or Amram 1 Chron. 1. 41. V. 27. Akan Or Jakan 1 Chron. 1. 42. V. 28. Dishan And Dishon distinct persons v. 21 28. 1 Chron 1. 38 42. V. 30. Among their Dukes That is Dukedomes For these seven sons of Seir had their Dukedomes at one time in several places being all brethren the sons of Seir ver 20 21. V. 31. And these are the Kings The accomplishment of the Promise to Abraham ch 17. 16. For Kings to proceed from Sarah Thus Esau after his Dukes v. 15 16 17 18 19. had of his posterity eight Kings which bâ—re successively a golden scepter whiles Jacobs posterity was in servitude under a rod of iron in Egypt Before Before Moses time for he was King in Jeshurun Deut. 33. V. 32. These Kings being borne in several places of several kindreds and reigning most in several Cities must therefore reign not by succession but by election or tyranny V. 37. Of Rehoboth A City builded by Nimrod Gen. 10. 11. by the river Euphrates V. 40. And these are the names of the Dukes From Kings they come down to Dukes again eleven here named which haply might be Dukes in several places all at one time The Dukes of Edom are mentioned Exod. 15. 15. at the Israelites coming out of Egypt And the King of Edom mentioned a little before the end of their fourty yeares being in the wildernesse Numb 20. 14. and that may be haply the last King Hadar v. 39. of this chapter If these eleven Dukes were to be counted in succession one after another then must Moses here by the spirit of Prophecie foretell their names and dignities which did succeed when he was dead V. 41. Aholibamah And Timnah likewise v. 40. before the names of women v. 12 14. are here the names of men the father of the Edomites Of Edom from the red pottage and his red haire too ch 25 25 30. CHAP. XXXVII Verse 2. THe generations of Jacob The story of things that did befall him chap. 6. 9. 25. 19. Joseph being seventeen years old And Jacob then one hundred and seven Joseph uourished him seventeen yeares in Egypt before he died was feeding the flock Not idle but a shepherd himselfe with the sons of Bilhab The sonnes of the Handmaids sorted together and Joseph with them rather then with Leah's sons for safety against envie and emulation And specially in safety with Bilhah Rachels handmaid their evil report Of their injurious usage of him or of their evil conversation V. 3. More then all More then any of them all sonne of his old age He was upon ninety at the birth of Joseph and now one hundred and seven Bonjamin was now but about three or foure yeares old and not come yet to any proof to gain so much of his fathers affection of many colours So Tamar had and Kings daughters used them that were Virgins 2 Sam. 13. 18. A signe of Jacobs love an object of his brethrens envie V. 4. More then all his brethren There appeared in him presages of vertuous acts and great employments V. 5. Dreamed See Annot. on ch 20. 3. told it Gods special Providence was in it causing him thus to reveal his dreames V. 7. And made obeisance to my sheaf For corne it was that they went down into Egypt and there did obeisance to Joseph ch 42. V. 8. Reign over us They apply it to themselves as the Midianites did Judg. 7. 13 14. made obeisance to me Twice as Pharaohs dreams chap. 41. 25 32. see it accomplished ch 46. V. 10. And his father rebuked him Partly through ignorance and partly in policy to abate the hatred of his brethren v. 11. and thy mother Stepmother Leah Rachel being dead at this time undoubtedly V. 11. Observed the saying Seeing the dream was doubled and that excellent gifts and graces of mind and body appeared in Joseph Luke 2. 19 51. V. 12. In Shechem Which was from Hebron where his father and Grandfather were v. 14. about sixty miles ch 35. 27. This the place where not foure yeares ago they committed that massacre And ever since likely the lesse inhabited and so more fit for pasturage and freer from danger the terrout of God being still upon the neighbouring places Haply in that place bought ch 33. 19. V. 14. Well with thy brethren Minding haply the massacre they had made there and their possibility of danger by it V. 16. I seek my brethren His fathers care in sending and his
the year of Jubile began with Blowing of Trumpets on the tenth day of that moneth which also was the day of Expiation Levit. XXV 9. And the Feast of Tabernacles for seven dayes followed after in the same moneth Twelve Cakes The twelve Cakes of Shew bread chapter XXIV verse 5 each of an equall and of a good bignesse set in two rows six on a row seeme to be two rows in Longitude upon the Table one by another And so the Frankincense upon each Cake rather then in Altitude one upon another And so but one Frankincense upon either row See v. 6 7. The Table being two Cubits long and one Cubit broad Exod. XXV 23. And the Frankincense being to be burned every Sabbath Levit XXIV 7 9. yet some make them to be two rows six upon one another in either row on heaps in height In the Temple there were ten Tables of Shew-bread five on the right hand and five on the left 1 Chron. 28. 16. 2 Chron. IV. 8. A Jubile The Jubile-year had all the priviledges of the Sabbath-year chapter XXV verse 11 and more besides Levit. XXV Fruit for three years Viz verse 21 the year before the Sabbath-year and the Sabbath-year and the year after it till the plowing and sowing at the end of the Sabbath-year came to an harvest in the end of the third year Esay XXXVII 10. Numbers THis Book begins with the year of the World Not the 2455 or 2544 But the 2514 or rather 2510 and a little over Thus 2369 to the end of Genesis and death of Joseph Thence 60 to the birth of Moses Thence 80 to the coming of the Israelites out of Egypt And thence 1 year and one moneth to the beginning of this Book which is the second year second moneth first day of their coming out It containes an History not of 39 years but expressely of 38. years and 9 moneths Num. I. 1. and Ch. XXXIII 48 49. compared with Deut. I. 3 4 5. That in Num. IX 1 c. is but a Rehearsal of what was both given in charge and was done before And some other like Repetitions there are 603550. chapter I verse 46 From twenty years old and upwards besides the Levites A wonderful multiplication from seventy persons in 211. yeares yet fairly possible Whereas if they had been in Egypt it self 400 years then their spawning or multiplying there had been very small considering that from three persons that came out of the Arke with Noah within the space of 400 years to the time of Abraham issued such infinite numbers and troops of people in severall Kingdomes and Countreys in the world as out of the Sacred Text and Storie doth plainly appear The Order of the Camp chapter II III and march of the Israelites in the Wildernesse Ch. II. and III. is thus viz The Tabernacle in the middest and Center of all the Hoast Round about the Tabernacle the Levites camped and marched viz On the West the Gershonites Num. III. 23. South the Kohathites Num. III. 29. North the Merarites Num. III. 35. East Moses Aaron his sons Num. III. 38 Males from a moneth old and upwards 7500. 8600. 6200. 22300. Round about the Levites at a good distance Josh. III. 4. Camped and Marched on the East-side Judah and in his Camp Issachar and Zebulun likely on either side or each hand of Judah he being in the midst And so in the other Camps following South-side Reuben and in his Camp Simeon and Gad. West-side Ephraim and in his Camp Manasse and Benjamin North-side Dan and in his Camp Asher and Naphtali Num. II. and X. Chap. In all 603550. And this is the same number of Males from twenty years old and upwards when they gave a Bekah or ten Gerahs each man that is half a Shekel after the Shekel of the Sanctuary to the building of the Tabernacle Exod. XXXVIII 26. As was commanded Exod. XXX 11 16. In the last numbering in the wildernesse in the fourtieth year after the death of Aaron and the death of that Generation for their rebellion and murmuring Num. XIV 29 35. The males from 20 years old and upwards all that were able to go to warre were 601730. The Levites still numbered not with them but by themselves Num. XXVI 51. 22000. chapter III verse 39 300 Male-Levites are omitted in this summe as appears out of ver 22 28 34. which make up 22300. being all the males from a moneth old and upwards And the First-born males of all the children of Israel in the twelve Tribes from a moneth old and upwards being 22273. Ch. III. 43. which argues at least twenty seven males in each family And the surplusage of 273. verse 46. being redeemed at five Shekels apiece amounting to 1375. Shekels verse 50 All this argues the foresaid 300. male-Levites to be wittingly left out in the casting up of the summe most likely omitted so Because they were such First-born of the Levites as were born from the time of the coming out of Egypt to the time of this reckoning and in that regard were sanctified to God as his own by his Law and challenge Exod. XIII 2. and so could not come into the number of the other Levites which were to be changed for the First-borne of the other Tribes and in their stead to be substituted and appropriated to God and his service This number of the Levites was very farre lesse then were of each other Tribe Ch. III. with Ch. I. The number of the least Tribe from twenty years old and upward males able to go forth to warre being 3200. Of the greatest 74600. And the number of the male-Levites from a moneth old and upwards being onely 22300. The charge of Aaron chapter III IV and his sons joyntly and of Eleazar and Ithamar distinctly and of the Kohathites Gershonites and Merarites severally is prescribed in the taking down and carrying and setting up of the Tabernacle See Ch. X. 17 21. From thirty The Levites at the age of thirty years chapter IV verse 3 entered into the full possession of their Offices to waite upon the service of the Tabernacle Num. IV. 3. At the age of twenty five they entered or might enter upon them as Novices and subservients in some secondary or inferiour administrations as Probationers and Proficients Num. VIII 24. And when the Temple should be builded they were ordered to begin and enter at twenty years of age 1 Chron. XXIII ver 24 27. Ezra III. 8. And that by Davids appointment together with the Prophets Gad and Nathan 2 Chron. VIII 14. and Ch. XXIX 25. They continued in their Offices till fifty Num. IV. 3 47. At fifty they ceased waiting upon the service of the Tabernacle but were Overseers there Ch. VIII 25 26. And in their several Cities as being well experienced in the Judicial Laws they judged of matters brought before them The Levites Offices distinct from the Priests are set down in many particulars 1 Chron. XXIII 28 32. David
of those two families severally But Abiathar the father of Abimelech was then the supreme and only High Priest The Cherethites verse 18 and the Pelethites Of these see the great Annotations on this Text Mourning was past David marries her when she was with childe chapter XI verse 27 in some hope thereby also to cover his sinne Solomon The elder brother of Nathan chapter XII verse 24 by Bathsheba or Bathshua the daughter of Eliam or Ammiel though Nathan be rancked before â—olomon 2 Sam. V. 14. 1 Chron. III. 5. and XIV 4. Crowne The weight and worth of the King of Ammons Crowne verse 30 a Crowne of State too weighty to wear Shobi the brother of Hanun and sonne of Nahash seemes by David to be made King in Hanuns place which makes him to shew such kindnesse to David in his flight from Absalom ch XVII 27. 28. After fourty years Absalom chapter XV verse 7 whose hair weighed not was worth above three pounds at sixteen ounces to the pound when yearly poll'd 2 Sam. XIV 25 26. Begins his Rebellion against David after fourty years 2 Sam. XV. 7. not after fourty since David was anointed in Hebron but since he was anointed by Samuel 1 Sam. XVI 13. And he ends his Rebellion with hanging by his hair as his halter or by his head rather where he is slaine first by Joab after by Joabs armour-bearers 2 Sam. XVIII 14 15 That the fourty years aforesaid did take their Beginning and commencement as aforesaid and so fell in with the twenty second or twenty third year of Davids age with the seventh or eighth year before he actualy began his reigne at Hebron and ended at the thirty second or thirty third year of his real reigne and about seven years before his death appears in this That at this time of Absaloms rebellion David was a strong man 2 Sam. XV. 36. and ch XVII 8 10. and XVIII 2. And afterwards also ch XXI 15. whereas in the fourtieth and last year of his reigne and life he was bed-rid 1 King I. 1 2. And after the businesse of this Rebellion was carried on and ended we read of three yeares of famine 2 Sam. ch XXI I. And of the hanging up of ten of Sauls sons and grand-sons ver 8 9 10. and of the gathering of the bones of them that were hanged and the burying of them afterwards in another place ver 13 14. As also of warres yet againe raised by the Philistines and battels fought with them at four several times In the first of which David himself was in person and in present danger ver 15 22. And besides neere ten moneths were taken up in numbering the people Ch. XXIV 8. And upon the occasion of the Pestilence following thereupon The Threshing-Floore of Araunah being found to be the place where the Temple was to be builded 1 Chron. XXII 1. with 2 Chron. III. 1. David doth instruct Salomon about his dutie in the building of it and doth encourage him to do it and chargeth the Princes to assist him therein 1 Chron. XXII And causing him to be suddenly anointed King to suppresse the seditious and ambitious attempt of Adoniah And having afore ordered the Courses and Offices of the Levites Priests Singers Porters for the Service of the Temple 1 Chron. XXIII XXIV XXV XXVI Ch. He gives Solomon Patterns and Materials for the Building tells him of the Courses of the Priests and Levites which he had Ordered Ch. XXVIII And himself offers of his own goods magnificently and procures the Princes and People to Offer willingly towards the said Building And concludes with Thanksgiving and Prayer to God And the People blesse God and offer Sacrifices and make Solomon King the second time Ch. XXIX And lastly on his death-bed David gives Solomon charge to serve God as also concerning Joab and Barzillai and Shimei and dieth 1 King II. All which may well take up the seven last years of Davids reigne and life In the wood of Ephraim Not that Ephraim had any wood or land on the East-side of Jordan chapter XVIII verse 6 But the name might seeme to rise from the great defeat given there to Ephraim by Jephthah Judg. XII 5 6. Amasa Davids gentlenesse and courtesie to spare and honour Amasa chapter XIX verse 13 notwithstanding his chief hand in rebellion against him 2 Sam. XVII 25. slew Goliath His brother Lahmi chapter XXI verse 19 as it is explained 1 Chron. XX. 5. And so Michal for Michals sister ver 8. of this Chapter The words brother and sister being left out by an Eclipsis not unusual specially in the short idiome of the Hebrewes and in cases so well known This Psalme of Praise and Thanksgiving is the same with Psalme XVIII chapter XXII The difference is very little Here are Davids Worthies towards the end of his reigne chapter XXIII These in all thirty seven 2 Sam. XXIII 39. whereof Joab one the General and Captaine of the hoast 1 Chron. XI 6. Six chief Worthies or Colonels And of them the first three above the other three And the first three Adino or Jacobeam Eleazar and Shammah exceeding the other three Abishai the chief of the second three and Benaiah the son of Jehoiadah and Asahel who was one not of the thirty but above the thirty for there are thirty named after him The three first or three chief over the thirty ver 13. are described as otherwise so by their valiant Acts both distinctly and joyntly 2 Sam. XXIII 8 17. And so the two first of the next three And these six likely were each of them over five of the thirty following and their Regiments The Catalogue of Davids Worchies 1 Chron. XI was taken when David began his reign at Hierusalem or before The number there is fourty seven besides the first three and the second three And well might the number be more at that beginning of his reigne then at the end of it some of them dying in the meane time And of others some might have two different names The chief of all the Worthies slayes three hundred himself aud likely in the pursuit at the same time 500. more by himself or with his company in all eight hundred Of him see more 1 Chron. XXVII 2 3. The second defies the Philistines when the men of Israel were fled away and in a parcel of ground full of Barley slew the Philistines till his hand clave unto the sword and wrought a great victory and deliverance Of his father see 1 Chron. XXVII 4 The third did the like in a piece of ground full of Lentiles Of the other three 1. Abishai the brother of Joab 2. Asahel another brother and Captain for the fourth moneth 1 Chron. XXVII 7. slaine by Abner whiles David reigned in Hebron 3. Benaejah the Captaine of Davids guard the Cherethites and Pelethites 2 Sam. VIII 18. And Captaine for the third moneth 1 Chron. XXVII 5 6. And afterwards by Solomon made General of the Hoast in
XVIII 9 10. or Enemessar Tobit l. 2 15. Sennacharib who came against Hezekiah 2 King XVIII 13. Esarhaddon or Asnapper Esay XXXVII 38. 2 King XIX 37. Ezra IV. 2 10. called also Sarchedonus Tobit I. 22. And another King of Assyria against whom Pharaoh-Necho King of Egypt fights at Carchemish by Euphrates in the last year of King Josiah 2 King XXIII 29. 2 Chron. XXXV But many leave out Iareb as no proper name of a King and make Sargon to be the same with Senna harib And some place Iareb before Pul and Sargon after Shalmanesar And no doubt there were many Kings of Assyria it being the first Monarchy before Pul though their names be not in Scripture Though the Assyrians take the name from Ashur the sonne of Shem Gen. X. 22. 1 Chron. I. 17. yet the Kingdome seemes to be raised among them by the posterity of Cush the sonne of Cham Gen. X. 6 11. a Singer Heman chapter VI verse 33 of Kohath stood in the middest Asaph of Gershom on the right hand Ethan of Merari on the left ver 38 39 44 47. See more of the Singers 1 Chron. XV. ver 16 22. All their Cities The Kohathites had twenty three Cities verse 60 63. The Gershonites thirteen The Merarites twelve In all fourty eight Cities reckoned Issachar a numerous Tribe chapter VII Ephraim The line from Ephraim to Ioshuah verse 5 is Num. verse 20 I. 10. and chap. XXVI 35 1 Chron. VII 20 26 27. Shephuphan verse 5 and Huram chapter VIII verse 33 Either of these had three names Ner Ner had Kish the father of Saul and another sonne Ner the father of Abner 1 Sam. XIV 50 51. genealogies This Chapter chapter IX verse 1 and chap. III. 19 24. are some parcels of the last passages for History of the Old Testament See more on Neh. XII 10 11. David and Samuel David and Samuel the Seer though he died in the time of Sauls reigne ordained and ordered the Priests verse 22 and Levites Singers and Porters in their set Offices and Courses See ver 10 14 22 and Chapters XXIII XXIV XXV XXVI as the Lord God of Israel had commanded him 1 Chron. XXIV 19. by the Spirit and by God and Nathan 1 Chron. XXVIII 12 19. 2 Chron. XXIX 25. and VIII 14. and XXXV 4 15. And Solomon did according to him 2 Chron. XXXV 4. Neh. XII 45. day and night verse 33 verse 9 The Singers imployed in that work day and night tydings unto their Idols Idolaters ascribe their Victories chapter X and prosperous successes to their Idols so Iudg. XVI 23 24. 1 King XX. 23. 2 Chron. XXVIII 23. Hab. I. 11. They bring their Idols to their Camps 1 Chron. XIV 12. As the Israelits the Ark 1 Sam. IV. 3. castle of Zion David took the Castle chapter XI verse 5 or strong hold of Zion dwelt in it built round about it called it the Citie of David And Ioab repaired the rest of the Citie 2 Sam. V. 9. came to David There came to David to Ziklag a great hoast chapter XII verse 1 like the hoast of God And to Hebron to make him King over all Israel 340822. And among them very many Priests and Levites ver 26 27 28. besides others intimated ver 32. Jehoiada verse 27 the Leader of the 3700. Aaronites that came to David to Hebron to make him King over all Israel 1 Chron. XII 27. Jehoiada a chief Priest 2 Chron. XXIV 6. married Iehoshabeath or Iehosheba the daughter of King Iehoram and sister of King Ahaziah 2 King XI 2 3. 2 Chron. XXII 11. He caused usurping and murthering Athaliah the daughter of Ahab and Iezebel and wife of King Iehoram and mother of King Ahaziah 2 Chron. XXI 6. and XXII 1 2. to be murtheredher self 2 King XI 16. And caused Ioash grand-childe of Athaliah and his wives nephew and sonne and heir of Ahaziah to be crowned King when he was seven years old 2 King XI 11 12 21. 2 Chron XXIII 11. Of whom see more on 2 King XI 4. Iehoiada the sonne of Benaiah Davids Counseller next to Ahitophel 1 Chron. XXVII 34. bring again the Ark David so soone as ever he was setled upon his throne over all Israel chapter XIII verse 3 taketh the strong Fort of Zion from the Jebusites brings the Ark of God with all solemnity yet not after the due maner from Kiriath-jearim and the house of Abinadab And upon the death of Uzza by the way at the threshing floore of Nachon or Chidon he carries it aside into the house of Obed-Edom where it remained three moneths 1 Chron. XIII Hiram sends to David messingers workmen and materials to build him an house in Zion And David takes more wives at Jerusalem and obtaines two victories against the Philistines chap. XIV And with great solemnity in the due maner he brings the Ark from Obed-Edoms house and sets it in the middest of the Tabernacle or Tent which he had prepared for it in the Citie of David in Zion chap. XV. where he offers Sacrifices Orders a Quire gives them a Psalme of Thanksgiving and appoints Ministers Porters Priests and Musicians to attend on the Ark continualy ch XVI In 2 Sam. V. David takes the strong Fort of Zion builds dwels in it hath messingers sent to him from Hiram King of Tyre with materials workmen for his building growes great takes moe wives and concubines at Jerusalem gets two victories over the Philistines in two set battels chap. V. And he brings up the Ark from Kiriath-Jearim and carries it aside into the house of Obed-Edom and after three moneths he brings it thence into the Citie of David with great solemnity and joy 2 Sam. VI Now whether the things contained in 1 Chr. XIV and 2 Sam. V. after the taking of Zion did intervene in that three moneths space while the Ark was in the house of Obed-Edom or were acted before the Ark was removed from Kiriath-Jearim is a matter of conjectural probabilities on either side yet I rather incline to the later opinion from Shihor of Egypt This Shihor chapter XIII verse 5 or Shichor or Sihor hath a notion of blacknesse in it And is not that rill or drill of water called by forraine writers Rhinocolura but is much rather the same with Nilus otherwise not once named in Scripture anciently by the Ethiopians called Siris by the Greeks Melas by the Latines Melo from the blacknesse of the water or rather of the mud and slime that it brings downe with it or the black colour of the grounds and soils it passeth through It is called by way of excellencie the River Esay XXIII 3. Ezek. XXIX 3 9. and the river or flood of Egypt Amos VIII 8. and chap. IX 5. This River rising in the South from unknown heads runs in one intire streame Northward to the Head Delta in Egypt where it divideth it self into two maine Channels and afterwards brancheth into seven several streames Esay XI 15. Emptying themselves