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ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A71306	Purchas his pilgrimes. part 4 In fiue bookes. The first, contayning the voyages and peregrinations made by ancient kings, patriarkes, apostles, philosophers, and others, to and thorow the remoter parts of the knowne world: enquiries also of languages and religions, especially of the moderne diuersified professions of Christianitie. The second, a description of all the circum-nauigations of the globe. The third, nauigations and voyages of English-men, alongst the coasts of Africa ... The fourth, English voyages beyond the East Indies, to the ilands of Iapan, China, Cauchinchina, the Philippinæ with others ... The fifth, nauigations, voyages, traffiques, discoueries, of the English nation in the easterne parts of the world ... The first part.	Purchas, Samuel, 1577?-1626.	1625 (1625)	STC 20509_pt4; ESTC S111862	1,854,238	887

paces broad one hundred persons keepe together in one of those houses they are most artificially builded and thetched so that no raine commeth into them although in Aprill May and Iune and most of Iuly very extreame raine doth fall there Also they make Pots of earth which shew as if they were guilded and some of them will hold thirtie or fortie gallons of liquor they are very faire to behold and very sweete to keepe any thing in They make Baskets of diuers sorts most artificially and their beds which they call Hamakes they are some of them made of Cotten wooll and some of barkes of trees they vse to lye in them hanging They haue a great delight to paint themselues both men and women and especially when they goe to any Feast The women against their day of trauell in childe bearth make for that time a roome apart in the house whereunto they goe all alone and are deliuered without any helpe at all and presently after the childe is borne she calleth for her husband and deliuereth him the childe who presently washeth it in a pot of water and painteth it with sundry colours which seemed very strange vnto me that I did not heare the women once so much as to groane or to make any moane at all in all her time of her trauell if any one of them dieth they doe vse to make great moane for them some ten or twelue daies together after his death or longer according as the partie was beloued in his life time And touching such kinde of Beasts as are in the woods as well about Wiapoco as in other places of the Countrie There are great store of Deere Hares and Conies Hogges and many Monkies great and small blacke and greene which sorts are called Marmosites and great red ones as bigge as Baboones those the Indians doe kill and eate and there are Leopards and Porcupines and Lyons for in one place we did see a Lyon which the Indians had killed they brought all their boyes they had and did lay them on the Lyons backe and with a whip did giue euery of them three lashes wherefore they did so we could not learne but imagined it was because they should remember the place where the Lyon was killed also there are great store of Otters and a beast which is called an Aligator he hath a cod that smelleth like the Muske cod Of Foules I haue seene Cockes Hennes Duckes and Geese Partridges Wood-doues Herneshaws Shouellers and a foule of a crimson colour called Passeray Fiemingo great store of white foules which the Indians call Wakcrouses great store of Parrats and Parrakeits which flye there in sholes like Starlings here in England also there is a Parrat there as bigge as a great Hen blew and red very beautifull to behold and multitudes of foules of other sorts and Hawkes of diuers sorts in the woods and Riuers And of fish there are great abundance of all sorts both of fresh water fish and Sea fish and Crabbes great store and the Indians take their fish with a kinde of wood which they beate against some stone or other tree vntill one end thereof be all bruised and putting that into the Riuer presently the fish become drunke and run themselues on the shoare and swim aboue water as our Haddockes doe in England There are store of good Rootes and Plants with Fruites as the Pina and Plantine Potatoes Nappoyes and a fruite called of the Indians Poppoyes it is bigger then an Apple and very pleasant to eate and sundry sorts of Plums and other sorts of fruites whereof they make drinke very pleasant to be drunke There are these commodities at Wiapocco and in other places of the Countrie where I haue trauelled Woods of blacke red and yellow colours Tobacco Guinie pepper Cotten wooll Carow of vs called Flaxe Anoto Berrie● which dye a very faire Stammell colour Spignard whereof a precious Oyle may be made Gummes of diuers sorts Bee-waxe Feathers of the best sorts such as Ladies doe weare in their hats and other Feathers abundance There grow naturally in many places Sugar Canes and great abundance of Carow of it selfe called of vs Flaxe and of the Spaniard Pero Also they make Oyle which they paint themselues with of a kinde of Nut bigger then a Chestnut whereof are great abundance growing and the Manety stone is to be had in the Aracores Countrie and in no other place of the Indies that I haue heard of These things I noted but if so we had expected certainely for to haue had a Ship of our owne Nation to haue come vnto vs I my selfe and the rest of vs should haue beene encouraged to haue obserued more then I haue done Neither had we any store of commodities to trade vp in the Maine as the two Hollanders hath which are there and were left there at our comming from thence by Iohn Sims Master of a Ship called the Hope of Amsterdam of the burthen of one hundred tuns Fraughted by the Merchants of Amsterdam and by their Charter partie was bound to lye in the Riuer of Wiapoco and of Caliane six moneths time which he did for he lay with vs at Wyapoco from the twentieth of December vnto the twentieth of May following trading with the Indians and sought most after the Manit● stone and Carow which we call Flaxe They furnished there two Factors very well with Commodities which they left at Wyapoco They dealt very kindely with vs for he shipped all our whole company which were nine of vs. Taking our leaues of the Indians who were as vnwilling to part from our companies as we were willing to goe into our owne Countrie saying vnto vs that if any of vs euer came to them againe to trade with them No other Nation should trade there but we And after they knew of our departure whilest we remained amongst them they brought their children vnto vs for to name after our great mens names of England which we did They had often speech of Sir Walter Rawleigh and one came farre out of the Maine from Orenog●e to enquire of vs of him saying he promised to haue returned to them before that time After we had prouided our necessaries and such commodities as we had and had giuen the Indians great charge of the Hollanders Factors we shipped our selues and departed from Wiapoco on the last of May 1606. And from thence we went into the Riuer of Caliane where our Master Iohn Sims traded some thirtie dayes with the Caribes and other of the Indians This Sims was Masters mate of the Holland Shippe which Captaine Lee found in the Riuer of Wiapoco at his first arriuall there also he was Master of the Ship which the Indians aduertised vs was in the Riuer of Amazons and according to their saying God be thanked he came to vs to our Comforts After his departure out of the Riuer of Caliane he sailed vnto Trinidado

of Hispaniola where they sold the other moitie As I reprehended the Captaine for this notable Treason at the same time and at the same I le of Saint Iohn he made an answere Sir quiet your selfe for that matter So haue they commanded me to doe and giuen me instruction which sent me that if I could not take them by warre I should take them vnder countenance and colour of peace And in truth the Captaine told mee that in all his life he neuer had found Father nor Mother but in this I le of Trinitie in respect of the friendly courtesies the Indians had shewed him At another time the Religious Friars of Saint Dominickes Order beeing determined to goe preach they receiued them as Angels comne from Heauen and heard with great affection attention and willingnesse such words as the Religious at that time were able to giue them to vnderstand more by signes then otherwise for they knew not the tongue It came to passe that there arriued there another ship after that the ship in which the Religious men came was departed thence and the Spanish in this Vessell keeping their Deuillish custome by suttletie without the knowlede of the Religious carried away the Lord of the Countrie called Alfonso were it that Friars had giuen him this name or else others For the Indians loue and desire to beare the name of the Christians desiring incontinent that it may be giuen them euen before they know any thing that they may be baptized They induced fraudulently this Don Alfonso to come aboord their ship with the Ladie his wife and other persons making semblance to goe about to feast them In the end there entred seuenteene persons together with the Lord and his Ladie the Lord trusting that the Religious persons being entred into his Countrie would keepe the Spaniards from doing any wrong for otherwise hee would neuer haue put himselfe in the hands of the Spanish The Indians therefore thus being in the ship the traiterous Spaniards hoised sailes and away they went to Hispaniola with them there selling them for slaues All the Countrie seeing that their Lord and Ladie were carried away they runne to the Religious men purposing to kill them The poore men appeased the Indians in the best manner they could saying that they would write to them at Hispaniola by the first ship that went and would take such care and order in the matter that their Souereigne should bee restored them againe with those that were in his company God sent immediately a ship thither and they wrote to the Spanish Religious men that were in the I le of Hispaniola They cry out and call Heauen and Earth witnesse against them both first and sundrie times after But the Iudges of the audience would neuer giue them audience to doe them Iustice for because themselues had part in the bootie of the Indians which the Tyrants had so against all right and reason taken The two Religious men which had promised the Indians of the Countrie that their Lord Don Alfonso with others should come home with the rest within foure moneths seeing that they came not neither in foure nor eight made themselues readie to the death and to giue their life which they had gaged before they came out of Spaine if neede should bee and in that sort the Indians tooke vengeance on them in killing them iustly notwithstanding that they were innocent for because that they thought that the Religious men had beene the occasion of this Treason Another time by reason of the great Tyrannies and execrable acts of the cursed ones bearing the name of Christians the Indians slue other two Religious men of Saint Dominickes Order and one of Saint Francis Whereof I can be a good witnesse for that I escaped at the time miraculously from the same death of the which it should be a hard matter to intreat and would be to amaze men by reason of the grieuousnesse and horriblenesse of the case Wherefore I will not lay it abroad for being too tedious vntill his time and at the day of iudgement it shall bee more euident when God shall take vengeance of the Theeueries so horrible and so abominable as are done by those which beare the name of Christians against the Indians Another time in those Prouinces at the Cape of the Codera as they call it there was a Towne the Lord whereof was named Higueroto a name either proper to the person or it may be common to the Lords of the place This Lord was so bounteous and his people so vertuous and seruiceable that as many Spaniards as came thither by ship they found there good entertainment meate lodging all cheering and refreshing This said Lord had also deliuered many from death of those which were fled thither out of other Prouinces where they had rioted and tyrannized and come thither sicke and halfe dead for hunger whom they refreshed and afterward sent them away safe to the I le of Pearles where there were Spaniards and might haue slaine them if he had would without that euer any should haue knowne it And shortly to say the Spanish did call the Subiects of Higurroto the House and Harbour of euery body A Catiffe Tyrant aduised himselfe to out-rage that people also when as they thought themselues sure enough and getting him to a ship he had there inuited a great number of people to come a boord her as they were accustomed to doe and to trust the Spaniards A great number of people being entred into her men women and children hee hoysed sailes and went to the I le of Saint Iohn where he sold them all for slaues I came at the same instant to the I le of Saint Iohn and I saw the Tyrant and vnderstood what he had done He had destroyed all that Township whereby he did great harme to all other his fellow Tyrants wonted to rob and roue all along those Coasts insomuch as they had in abomination this act so hideous being bereft thereby of their Harbour and house of retire as ordinary and familiar vnto them as it had beene their owne home and house They haue singled out at times from all this Coast the which was very well peopled vnto the Iles of Saint Iohn and Hispaniola aboue two Millions of soules seised vpon by their purchases in theeuing and robbing which also euery one of them they haue slaine not long after by thrusting them into the Minerals and other tormoiles besides the great numbers there were there alreadie before time as we haue abouesaid It is a tried case that they neuer conuey away their shippings of Indians so robbed and purchased as I haue said but that they cast the third part into the Sea besides those which they slay when they will sort them to themselues for their chaffer The cause is that when as they will by all meanes attaine to the end which they haue proposed to themselues they haue need of a great number of people

next day eight Englishmen prisoners stole from Tercera in a small Boate hauing no other yard for their maine saile then two Pipe staues These told his Lordship that the Carrackes were departed a weeke before which moued him to returne for Fyall with purpose to take that Towne He arriued September the tenth landing his men the Platforme shot at them in their march but they comming vp found it and the Towne ahandoned and tooke thereof possession This Towne containeth 500. housholds well and strongly built of Lime and Stone well stored with fresh water delicate Fruites and Grapes of diuers sorts He set a guard to preserue the Churches and Religious Houses and staid there foure dayes till the ransome was brought him which was 2000 Duckets most of Church Plate He shipped from the Platforme eight and fiftie Peeces of Iron Ordnance The Gouernour of Graciosa sent his Lordship sixtie Butts of Wine but excused his want of fresh water A Ship of Weymo●●h came thither with a Spanish prize worth sixteene thousand pounds and brought newes of the West Indie Fleete shortly to come which after three or foure dayes playing to and fro in rough weather I let passe a Shippe of Saint Malo which he took laden with New-found-land Fish he espied going into the hauen at Angra in Tercera to the number of fifteene saile being too farre to Leeward to come neere them and they being strong and fortified with the Castle and Fort he was forced to giue ouer And although he le●t a Pinnace for aduice intending to waite for them at Sea yet she returned with newes that they had taken off their sailes and downe their topmasts with resolution of longer stay Wherefore he sailed to Saint Michaels and being there repelled from watering went to Saint Maries where they found two Brasil Ships laden with Sugar which the Ilanders fought to bring a ground but Captaine Lyster hastning the attempt in the face of the enemie and danger of continuall shoare-shot borded the vttermost cut asunder her Cables and Hawsers and towed her away whiles Captaine Dauies entred the other then a ground and abandoned and was forced to forsake her Two men were slaine and sixteene hurt But a greater losse followed whiles the Earle in person sought to get the other ship Captaine Lyster rashly disvaluing the enemies force the Barre also detayning them on ground in the midst of danger from the enemie to the losse and hurt of eightie men His Lordship receiued three shot vpon his Target and a fourth on the side not deepe his head also broken with stones that the bloud couered his face both it and his legs likewise burned with fire-balls The Meg being leakie was sent with the prize into England and his Lordship held his course for Spaine By the way he tooke a Portugal ship laden from Brasil and after that another which was one of the fifteene which had before entred Angra being a ship of 400. Tunnes laden from Mexico and Saint Iohn de Vlhua with seuen hundred hides sixe chists of Cochenele certaine chists of Sugar and some Siluer The Captaine was an Italian and had in her fiue and twentie thousand Duckets aduenture Thus full of ioy they resolued homewards but Sea-fortunes are variable hauing two inconstant Parents Aire and Water His Lordship sent Captaine Lyster in the Mexican prize for Portsmouth which at Helcl●ffe in Cornwall was wracked the Captaine and all his companie drowned except fiue or sixe Scarsitie of drinke caused by contrarie windes caused his Lordship to seeke to recouer some part of Ireland for reliefe but wayting for entrance was put off againe their Beere and Water being all spent Three spoonfuls of vineger were allowed to each man at a meale with some small reliefe squeezed out of the l●es of their wine vessels which continued fourteene dayes without other supply then the drops of Haile and Raine carefully saued with Sheets and Napkins Some dranke vp the soyled running water at the Scupper-holes others saued by deuise the runnings downe the Masts and ●arred Ropes and many licked the moist Boards Railes and Masts with their tongues like Dogs Yet was that Raine so intermingled with the sprie of the foaming Seas in that extreme storme that it could not be healthfull yea some in their extremitie of thirst dranke themselues to death with their Cannes of salt-water in their hands Notwithstanding this extreme scarsitie his noble charitie caused equall distribution of the small store they had aswell to all his prisoners as to his owne people By this time the lamentable cryes of the sicke and hurt men for drinke was heard in euery corner of the ship for want whereof many perished ten or twelue euery night more then otherwise had miscarried in the whole Voyage The storme continuing added to their misery tearing the ship in such sort as his Lordships Cabbin the dining roome and halfe Decke became all one and he was forced to seeke a new lodging in the hold His minde was yet vndaunted and present his bodily presence and preuentions readie The last of Nouember hee spake with an English ship which promised him the next morning two or three tunnes of Wine but soone after vnfortunately came on ground The next day hee had some supply of Beere but not sufficient to enable him to vndertake for England Hee therefore the winde seruing put into Ventre Hauen in the Westermost part of Ireland where hauing well refreshed the twentieth of December he set sayle for England His Lordship in this Voyage tooke thirteene Prizes but that which was worth more then all the rest was lost yet the profit redoubled his aduentures At his arriuall in London hee met with the vnfortunate newes of the death of his eldest Sonne Francis Lord Clifford which died the twelfth of December 1589. yet was comforted with the birth of the Ladie Anne Clifford borne the last of Ianuary following his Daughter and by the death of Robert Lord Clifford who dyed the fourteenth of May 1591. his heire now the vertuous wife of the Right Honourable Richard Earle of Dorset THis Honourable Sparke was further kindled and enflamed by former disasters and obtayning of her Majestie a new ship called the Garland a ship of sixe hundred tunnes added the Samson Vice-admirall a ship of his Lordships of two hundred and sixtie tunnes the Golden Noble Reare-admirall and to them the Allagarta and a small Pinnasse called the Discouerie With these he set forth 1591. at his owne charge to the Coast of Spaine where hee tooke good purchase a ship laden at Saint Thomas with Sugars which he was forced to cast off by an irrecouerable leake another also which after long contrary winds in her course for England was driuen to put into a Spanish Harbour for want of victuals But in two other hee was more vnfortunate For Captayne Munson being sent to dispatch the goods and the Golden Noble to accompany them

Arwaccas To most of these places there can be no passage but by Canoas in the Winter being marsh-medowy grounds ouerflowne with swelling Tides But in the Summer it is faire and then they hide their Canoas in the Woods by the Sea-side As for the Riuer of Marwin there are no other Riuers which fall into it but there be many Ilands and some very great The passage to the head thereof from the men with long eares is very dangerous by reason of the passage through hollow and concaue Rockes wherein harbour Bat-mise of an vnreasonable bignesse which with their clawes and wings doe wound the Passengers shrewdly yea and oftentimes depriue them of life During which passage which is some quarter of a mile and very darke for the Rockes are close aboue and in fashion like an Indian house they are inforced to make great fires in their Canoas and put ouer their heads some of their Crab-baskets ●o defend them from the force of their clawes and wings and so they safely passe There is a Chareebee with whom I am very well acquainted whose name is Carouree who assured me of certaine transparent stones both of a greene and red colour which hee described by a greene eare-ring which I shewed him affirming they were somewhat bigger and that they lay in a little gutter at the head of the Riuer which ran in a Valley betweene two Hills I was further informed by a Yaio an ancient man who came downe from the head of the Riuer Selinama in a little Canoa with foure other and a boy three of which were Arwaccas and one Yaio who was borne in Orenoque and as I iudge about the age of foure score yeeres or little lesse who reported to mee that hee was one of them which with Morequito and Putimay was at the killing of nine Spaniards and a Spanish Pedas and how Morequito was put to death and a greatmany of his Indians hanged himselfe was taken prisoner and pinched with Pinsers for his punishment and his eares nailed to wood which I coniecture was a Pillourie Besides they rubbed his body ouer with salt mixt with Vrine after they had pinched him and fetcht bloud and after tyed him vp in chaines The reason why they put him not to death was because hee had beene a great Traueller and knew the Countries well and so they kept him for a Guide It so chanced that the Spaniards vpon his informing them of the Cassipagotos Countrie and how rich they were and how he would be their guide went with some companie to conquer it the Captaine of the Spaniards was called Alexander as he saith But the Cassipagotos knowing his crueltie thought it better to fight it out then trust to his clemency and so ouerthrew him and his companie driuing them to their Canoas in which fight he escaped But yet afterward it was his mishap to be againe in the hands of his aduersarie by the meanes of Caripana King of Emeria and put in chaines and handled cruelly His body was besmeared as he said with a yellow stone for so he called it which I take to be Brimstone and so set on fire on his body and after that he was well and his skinne smooth and faire they anointed him with honie from top to toe and so scattered dust vpon him in which which were millions of Pismires tying him in chaines to a great tree where Muskitos flockt about him like moates in the Sunne and did pitifully sting him then which death had beene better as hee said Within some small space hee with another Yaio and three Arwaccas were chosen to goe a fishing some two dayes iourney from the Towne Likewise there went as ouerseers ouer them foure Spaniards three of which while they were a fishing went into the Wood a fowling and the fourth which was left for the ouerseer by chance fell asleepe which they espying agreed to release themselues and to slip from the shoare with their Canoa and went vp Selinama seuen dayes iourney within land from the head thereof to a Towne of the Arwaccas called Cooroopon where he now dwelleth whose name is Weepackea and the chiefe Arwacca which came with him is called Edaddeawa and the Captaine of Cooroopon is called Naushickeban This Yaio told mee of a Mountaine at the head of Dissikeebee which is called Oraddoo where is a great Rocke of white Spar which hath streams of Gold in it about the breadth of a Goose-quill and this he affirmeth very earnestly Also he speaketh of a Plaine which is some seuen or eight dayes iourney from the Mountaine where is great store of Gold in graines so big as the top of a mans finger and after the flouds be fallen they finde them which Plaine is called Mumpara Further he spake of a Valley not farre distant from thence which is called Wancoobanona which hath the like and he said they gather them the space of two moneths together which two moneths are presently after the great raines which wash away the sand and grauell from the grasse which groweth in turfets and then they may perceiue the Gold lie glistering on the ground And of these they are very charie And the Captaines and Priests or P●●ays doe charge the Indians very strictly yea with punishment of the whip that they be secret and not reueale it to the Spaniard But it seemeth they are willing the English should haue it or else hee would neuer haue related so much of the state of his Countrie He spake very much of Sir Walter Raleigh he likewise knew Francis Sparrow and the boy which Sir Walter left behind him at Topiawary his house He further said that Topiawary wondred that he heard not from Sir Walter according to his promise and how Topi●wary did verily thinke that the Spaniard had met with him and so had slaine him Further hee saith how Topiawary is dead and how one Roponoyegrippo succeeded in his roome Likewise he sayth Caripana the King of Emeria who was very subiect to the Spaniard and did once betray him to the Spaniard is now dead at which he seemed not a little to reioyce and how one Dothronias is in his place and is a good King holding Armes against the Spaniard with the Cassipagotos and and giuing him many ouerthrowes so that now hee hath cleare left Dissikeebee and not a Spaniard there He likewise said how Topiawary had drawne in the Indians of Wariwackeri Amariocupana Aromaya Wickery and all the people that belonged to Wanuritone Captaine of Canuria and Wacariopea Captaine of Sayma against Sir Walter Raleigh his comming to haue warred against the Yeanderpuremei And as yet Wanuritone and Wacariopea doe expect his comming He addeth further how he knew the two Nations of Tiuitiuas called Ciawana and Warawitty who are forced in the flouds to build their houses on the top of trees And now he saith the Spaniard hath for the most part destroyed them keeping diuers of them to make and mend

or so much as one man alone borne of woman within thirtie leagues of the Land which was before notably peopled and gouerned by diuers Lords There is no reckoning able to be made of the murders which this Caitiffe with his companie committed in these Realmes which he so dispeopled Of the Prouince of Nicaragua THe yeere 1522. or twentie three this Tyrant went farther into the Land to bring vnder his yoke the most fertile Prouince of Nicaragua and so in thither he entred in an euill houre There is no man which is able worthily and sufficiently to speake of the fertiltie healthsomenesse prosperitie and frequencie of those Nations that there were He sent fiftie Horsemen and caused to slay all the people of this Prouince which is greater then the Countie of Rossillon with the Sword in such sort as that hee left aliue nor man nor woman nor old nor young for the least cause in the World as if they came not incontinent at his command or if they did not bring him so many load of Maiz which signifieth in that Countrie bread Corne or if they did not bring him so many Indians to serue him and others of his company for the Countrie lay leuell as was said and no creature could escape his horses and deuillish rage He sent Spaniards to make out rodes that is to say to go a theeuing into other Prouinces and gaue leaue to those Rouers to carrie with them as many Indians of this peaceable people as they listed and that they should serue them whom they put to the chaine to the end they should not giue ouer the burdens of three or fourescore pounds weight wherewith they loaded them whereof it came to passe oftentimes that of foure thousand Indians there returned not home to their houses six aliue but euen fell downe starke dead in the high way and when any were so wearie that they could march no farther for the weight of their burdens or that some of them fell sicke or fainted for hunger or thirst because it should not need to stand so long as to vnlocke the chaine and to make the speedier dispatch hee cut off the head from the shoulders and so the head tumbled downe one way and the bodie another Now consider with your selues what the other poore soules might thinke the whiles He was the cause that the Indians sowed not their grounds one whole yeeres continuance So as now when they wanted bread the Spaniards tooke away from the Indians their Maiz which they had in store for prouision to nourish them and their children whereby there died of famine more then twentie or thirtie thousand soules And it came to passe that a woman falne mad with the famine slue her Sonne to eate him They haue discomfited and oppressed in this Prouince a great number of people and hastened their death in causing them to beare boords and timber vnto the Hauen thirty leagues distance to make ships with and sent them to go seeke Honie and Wax amiddest the Mountaines where the Tigres deuoured them Yea they haue laden women with childe and women new deliuered or lying in with burdens enough for beasts The greatest plague which hath most dispeopled this Prouince hath beene the licence which the Gouernour gaue to the Spaniards to demand or exact of the Cacicks and Lords of the countrie slaues They did giue them euery foure or fiue moneths or as oftentimes as euery one could obtaine licence of the Gouernour fiftie slaues with threatnings that if they gaue them not they would burne them aliue or cause them to be eaten with Dogges Now ordinarily the Indians doe not keepe slaues and it is much if one Cacike doe keepe two three or foure Wherefore to serue this turne they went to their subiects and tooke first all the Orphelins and afterwards they exacted of him that had two children one and of him that had three two and in this manner was the Cacicke faine to furnish still to the number that the Tyrant imposed with the great weeping and crying of the people for they are people that doe loue as it seemeth tenderly their children And for because that this was done continually they dispeopled from the yeere 23. vnto the yeere 33. all this Realme For there went for sixe or seuen yeeres space fiue or sixe ships at a time carryi●g forth great numbers of those Indians for to sell them for slaues at Ioanama and Peru where they all died not long after For it is a thing proued and experimented a thousand times that when the Indians are transported from their naturall Countrey they soone end their liues besides that these giue them not their sustenance neither yet diminish they of their toile as neither doe they buy them for ought else but to toile They haue by this manner of doing drawne out of this Prouince of the Indies whom they haue made slaues being as free borne as I am more then fiue hundred thousand soules And by the Deuillish warres which the Spanish haue made on them and the hideous thraldome that they haue laid vpon them they haue brough● to their deaths other fiftie or threescore thousand persons and do yet daily make hauocke of them at this present All these slaughters haue beene accomplished within the space of fourteene yeeres There may be left at this day in all this Prouinces of Nicaragua the number of about foure or fiue thousand persons which they also cause to die as yet euery day through bondages and oppressious ordinarily and personall hauing beene the Countrey the most peopled in the World as I haue alreadie said Of New Spaine IN the yeere 1517. was New Spaine discouered at the Discouerie whereof were committed great disorders and slaughters of the Indians by those which had the doing of that Exploite The yeere 1518. there went Spanish Christians as they terme themselues to rob and slay notwithstanding that they said they went to people the Countrie Sithence that yeere 1518. vnto this present yeere 1542. the vniust dealings the violencie and the Tyrannies which the Spaniards haue wrought against the Indians are mounted to the highest degree of extremitie those selfe-same Spaniards hauing thorowly lost the feare of God and of the King and forgotten themselues For the discomfitures cruelties slaughters spoiles the destructions of Cities pillages violences and Tyrannies which they haue made in so many Realmes and so great haue been such and so horrible that all the things which we haue spoken of are nothing in comparison of those which haue beene done and executed from the yeere 1518. vnto the yeere 1542. and as yet at this time this moneth current of September are in doing and committing the most grieuousest and the most abominablest of all in such sort that the rule which wee set downe before is verified That is That from the beginning they haue alwaies proceeded from euill to worse and haue gone beyond themselues in the most greatest disorders and deuillish doings In

attend and thereunto euery man came duely vpon his watch tooke the Bucket or Pumpe for one houre and rested another Then men might be seene to labour I may well say for life and the better sort euen our Gouernour and Admirall themselues not refusing their turne and to spell each the other to giue example to other The common sort stripped naked as men in Gallies the easier both to hold out and to shrinke from vnder the salt water which continually leapt in among them kept their eyes waking and their thoughts and hands working with tyred bodies and wasted spirits three dayes and foure nights destitute of outward comfort and desperate of any deliuerance testifying how mutually willing they were yet by labour to keepe each other from drowning albeit each one drowned whilest he laboured Once so huge a Sea brake vpon the poope and quarter vpon vs as it couered our Shippe from stearne to stemme like a garment or a vast cloude it filled her brimme full for a while within from the hatches vp to the sparre decke This source or confluence of water was so violent as it rusht and carried the Helm-man from the Helme and wrested the Whip-staffe out of his hand which so flew from side to side that when he would haue ceased the same againe it so tossed him from Star-boord to Lar-boord as it was Gods mercy it had not split him It so beat him from his hold and so bruised him as a fresh man hazarding in by chance fell faire with it and by maine strength bearing somewhat vp made good his place and with much clamour incouraged and called vpon others who gaue her now vp rent in pieces and absolutely lost Our Gouernour was at this time below at the Capstone both by his speech and authoritie heartening euery man vnto his labour It strooke him from the place where hee sate and groueled him and all vs about him on our faces beating together with our breaths all thoughts from our bosomes e●●e then that wee were now sinking For my part I thought her alreadie in the bottome of the Sea and I haue heard him say wading out of the floud thereof all his ambition was but to climbe vp aboue hatches to dye in Aperto coelo and in the company of his old friends It so stun'd the ship in her full pace that shee stirred no more then if shee had beene caught in a net or then as if the fabulous Remora had stucke to her fore-castle Yet without bearing one inch of saile euen then shee was making her way nine or ten leagues in a watch One thing it is not without his wonder whether it were the feare of death in so great a storme or that it pleased God to be gracious vnto vs there was not a passenger gentleman or other after hee beganne to stirre and labour but was able to relieue his fellow and make good his course And it is most true such as in all their life times had neuer done houres worke before their mindes now helping their bodies were able twice fortie eight houres together to toile with the best During all this time the heauens look'd so blacke vpon vs that it was not possible the eleuauation of the Pole might be obserued nor a Starre by night not Sunne beame by day was to be seene Onely vpon the thursday night Sir George Summers being vpon the watch had an apparition of a little round light like a saint Starre trembling and streaming along with a sparkeling blaze halfe the height vpon the Maine Mast and shooting sometimes from Shroud to Shroud tempting to settle as it were vpon any of the foure Shrouds and for three or foure houres together or rather more halfe the night it kept with vs running sometimes along the Maine-yard to the very end and then returning At which Sir George Summers called diuers about him and shewed them the same who obserued it with much wonder and carefulnesse but vpon a sodaine towards the morning watch they lost the sight of it and knew not what way it made The superstitious Sea-men make many constructions of this Sea-fire which neuerthelesse is vsuall in stormes the same it may be which the Graecians were wont in the Mediterranean to call Castor and Pollux of which if one onely appeared without the other they tooke it for an euill signe of great tempest The Italians and such who lye open to the Adriatique and Tyrrene Sea call it a sacred Body Corpo sancto the Spaniards call it Saint Elmo and haue an authentique and miraculous Legend for it Be it what it will we laid other foundations of safety or ruine then in the rising or falling of it could it haue serued vs now miraculously to haue taken our height by it might haue strucken amazement and a reuerence in our deuotions according to the due of a miracle But it did not light vs any whit the more to our knowne way who ran now as doe hood winked men at all aduentures sometimes North and North-east then North and by West and in an instant againe varying two or three points and sometimes halfe the Compasse East and by South we steered away as much as we could to beare vpright which was no small carefulnesse nor paine to doe albeit we much vnrigged our Ship threw ouer-boord much luggage many a Trunke and Chest in which I suffered no meane losse and staued many a Butt of Beere Hogsheads of Oyle Syder Wine and Vinegar and heaued away all our Ordnance on the Starboord side and had now purposed to haue cut downe the Maine Mast the more to lighten her for we were much spent and our men so weary as their stengths together failed them with their hearts hauing trauailed now from Tuesday till Friday morning day and night without either sleepe or foode for the leakeage taking vp all the hold wee could neither come by Beere nor fresh water fire we could keepe none in the Cookeroome to dresse any meate and carefulnesse griefe and our turne at the Pumpe or Bucket were sufficient to hold sleepe from our eyes And surely Madam it is most true there was not any houre a matter of admiration all these dayes in which we freed not twelue hundred Barricos of water the least whereof contained six gallons and some eight besides three deepe Pumpes continually going two beneath at the Capstone and the other aboue in the halfe Decke and at each Pumpe foure thousand stroakes at the least in a watch so as I may well say euery foure houres we quitted one hundred tunnes of water and from tuesday noone till friday noone we bailed and pumped two thousand tunne and yet doe what we could when our Ship held least in her after tuesday night second watch shee bore ten foote deepe at which stay our extreame working kept her one eight glasses forbearance whereof had instantly sunke vs and it being now Friday the fourth morning it wanted little but

are inuited to praise the name of the Lord for hee hath commanded and they were created How much more should the tongue of man be the Pen of a readie writer and as it is called The glory of the man so imploy it selfe in setting forth the glory of God in his Workes of Creation Prouidence Redemption God is a Glorious Circle whose Center is euery where his circumference no where himselfe to himselfe is Circle and Circumference the Ocean of Entitie that very vbique from whom to whom the Centre of vnitie all diuersified lines of varietie issue and returne And although we euery where feele his present Deitie yet the difference of heauenly climate and influence causing such discording concord of dayes nights seasons such varietie of meteors elements aliments such noueltie in Beasts Fishes Fowles such luxuriant plentie and admirable raritie of Trees Shrubs Hearbs such fertilitie of soyle insinuation of Seas multiplicitie of Riuers safetie of Ports healthfulnesse of ayre opportunities of habitation materialls for action obiects for contemplation haps in present hopes of future worlds of varietie in that diuersified world doe quicken our mindes to apprehend whet our tongues to declare and fill both with arguments of diuine praise On the other side considering so good a Countrey so bad people hauing little of Humanitie but shape ignorant of Ciuilitie of Arts of Religion more brutish then the beasts they hunt more wild and vnmanly then that vnmanned wild Countrey which they range rather then inhabite captiuated also to Satans tyranny in foolish pieties mad impieties wicked idlenesse busie and bloudy wickednesse hence haue wee fit obiects of zeale and pitie to deliuer from the power of darknesse that where it was said Yee are not my people they may bee called the children of the liuing God that Iustice may so proceed in rooting out those murtherers that yet in iudgement imitating Gods de●ling with vs wee may remember Mercy to such as their owne innocence shall protect and Hope shall in Charitie iudge capable of Christian Faith And let men know that hee which conuerteth a sinner from the errour of his way shall saue a soule from death and shall hide a multitude of sinnes And Sauiours shall thus come on Mount Zion to iudge the Mount of Esau and the Kingdome of Virginia shall be Lord. Thus shall wee at once ouercome both Men and Deuills and espouse Virginia to one husband presenting her as a chast Uirgin to Christ. If the eye of Aduenturers were thus single how soone and all the body should be light But the louing our selues more then God hath detained so great blessings from vs to Virginia and from Virginia to vs. Godlinesse hath the promises of this life and that which is to come And if wee be carefull to doe Gods will he will be ready to doe ours All the rich endowments of Uirginia her Virgin-portion from the creation nothing lessened are wages for all this worke God in wisedome hauing enriched the Sauage Countries that those riches might be attractiues for Christian suters which there may sowe spirituals and reape temporals But what are those riches where we heare of no Gold nor Siluer and see more impouerished here then thence enriched and for Mines we heare of none but Iron Iron mindes Iron age of the world who gaue Gold or Siluer the Monopoly of wealth or made them the Almighties fauorites Precious perils specious punishments whose originall is neerest hell whose house is darknesse which haue no eye to see the heauens nor admit heauens eye guilty malefactors to see them neuer produced to light but by violence and conuinced vpon records written in bloud the occasioners of violence in the World which haue infected the surface of their natiue earth with deformity and sterility these Mines being fit emblemes of mindes couetous stored with want and euer wanting their owne store her bowels with darknesse damps deaths causing trouble to the neighbour Regions and mischiefe to the remotest Penurious mindes Is there no riches but Gold Mines Are Iron Mines neglected reiected for hopes of Siluer What and who else is the Alchymist and impostor which turnes the World and Men and all into Iron And how much Iron-workes in Warres and Massacres hath American Gold and Siluer wrought thorow all Christendome Neither speake I this as if our hopes were blasted and growne deplorate and desperate this way the Country being so little searched and the remote in-land-Mountaines vnknowne but to shew the fordid tincture and base alloy of these Mine-mindes Did not the Spanish Iron tell me you that contemne Iron-mines draw to it the Indian Siluer and Gold I will not be a Prophet for Spaine from Virginia But I cannot forget the wily apophthegme of the Pilots Boy in the Cacafuego a great Ship laden with treasure taken in the South Sea by Sir Francis Drake who seeing the English Ordnance command such treasure from the Spanish Cacafuego Our Ship said he shall be called the Cacaplata and the English may be named the Cacafuego I will not be so vnmannerly to giue you the homely English it is enough that English Iron brought home the Spanish-Indian Siluer and Gold But let vs consult with the wisest Councellour Canaan Abrahams promise Israels inheritance type of heauen and ioy of the earth What were her riches were they not the Grapes of Eshcol the balme of Gilead the Cedary neighbourhood of Libanus the pastury vale of Ierieho the dewes of heauen fertility of soile temper of climat the flowing not with Golden Sands but with Milke and Hony necessaries and pleasures of life not bottomelesse gulfes of lust the commodious scituation for two Seas and other things like in how many inferiour to this of Virginia What golden Country euer nourished with her naturall store the hundreth part of men in so small a proportion of earth as Dauid there mustered being 1100000. of Israel and 500000. of Iuda not reckoning the Tribes of Leui and Beniamin all able men for warres And after him in a little part of that little Iehoshaphat More I dare say then the Spaniards can finde in one hundred times so much of their Mine lands and choose their best in Peru New Spaine and the Ilands the Scriptures containing an infallible muster-booke of 1160000. able Souldiers in his small territories That then is the richest Land which can feede most men Man being a mortall God the best part of the best earth and visible end of the visible World What remarkeable Gold or Siluer Mines hath France Belgia Lumbardy or other the richest peeces of Europe what hath Babylonia Mauritania or other the best of Asia and Africke What this our fertile Mother England Aske our late Trauellers which saw so much of Spaine the most famous part of Europe for Mynes of old and inriched with the Mynes of the New World if an Englishman needs to enuy a Spaniard or prefer a Spanish life and happinesse to his owne Their old

returne from the Strait Grieuous storme Saint Vincent Captaine Barker and foure and twentie others slaine The Roe-bucke commeth in Brasilian Coast full of shoalds and barres Mast●r Candishes high spirit His intention His pretence Necessitie 〈◊〉 small s●●ps 〈◊〉 the BSpan● c●ast Portugal Pilots vndertaking for Spirito Sancto His ignorance Three Ships His couns●ll not followed Their vnseasonable eagernes His instructions to Captain M●●gan The place described Mad Mutiners They land Captaine Morgan slaine Many others slaine or hurts Ten braue men lost Cowardly basenesse 25. men slaine others wounded Purpose for S. Sebastian Da 〈…〉 able designs The Roe bucke forsaketh him He commeth to S. Sebastians Their manifo●d wants Mutinous murmuring His perswasions Mutiner punished An Irish rascall and trai●or to his fellowes Cap. Candishes weakenesse His purpose for S. Helena Sailors disobedience Scarsity of victuall Desperate thoughts Master Locke● death Cap. Candishe● Will. Mistris Ann● Candish Flemmish prize satisfied with English price S●orbuto Iapand●rs Portugall hanged Brasil Cape Frio Ilha Grande Po●tentuous pr●sage● of ill ●nd from so ill beginning Saint Sebastian Vnruly demeanour Santos take● Ho● Anthonis Kniuet found a chist of siluer Iohn King English man Iesuites Colledge The Generall by two sauages first scarred and after instructed The Daintie would haue returned from Santos to England Mutinga mynes I●panders pe●fidie S. Vincent At the riuer of Plate we had a great storme In this storme the Crow a smal Boat of 20. tun sunke before our eyes with twelue men a boy The Roe-bucke lost her boat with two men and wee lost ours with three men And at the Straits we took the Desires long Boat for the Admirall Murmuring Port Desire Magellan Straits Port Famine Current Barke like Sinamon Naked Sauages Miserable co●d Anthonie Kniuet lost his toes in the Straits Strait and deepe Riuer Muscles with Pearles Harris his hard hap How we returned from the straits of Magellan Generall Candish commeth againe to Port Famine where bee setteth eight men on shoare and would haue set mee on shoare with them had it not beene for Captain Cocke How I got feeling againe of my limmes after we came out of the straits How the Desire and the Blacke Pinnosse goeth away from vs. Of a great storme we had cōming backe How the Generall st●ooke mee dead against his will They come to Santos againe The Portugals kill our men See Cap. Candish before S. Sebastian The Roe-bucke come to vs at Santos Portugals aduice Spirito Santo Portugall hanged 80. men slaine 40. wounded Ro-bucke fleeth S. Sebastian Anthony Kniuet left for dead Venemous Pease Kniuet●er●●●●d ●er●●●●d w 〈…〉 ha 〈◊〉 〈…〉 st 〈…〉 me ●ut 〈◊〉 the water Whale They are taken and slaine He escapeth Henrie Barway He is sent to a Sugar-mill He fleeth His new Master Wyanasses Iawarapipo Pories Strange entertainment of strangers His danger by a Sauage Hospitall fidelitie in Sauages Riuer Paraeyua He returneth to his o●d Master Endangered by a Sharke Master Hawkins at Cape Fri● Another dou● ble dis●ster of sense and loss● His imprisonment Condemnation to be hanged Iesuites saue him Imprisoned againe Dissolute resolution He fleeth againe Danger o● taking in a Carauala Sol●men miser i● soci●s h●b●isse dol●ri● His wandrings I suppose by Le●pards he ●●ean●th th●t sp●●ted b●●st w●●ch oth●rs call a Tigre Pianita Hee commeth to his old host Senate of Sauages Iaquerequere Sauage faith Antonie Kniue● is bound by the Canibals and brought to his Master Paraeyua Wereob His next aduenture thorow the desarts A faire Riuer Two Sauages Apparell strange Their strange habit● Stranger ●ak●d●esse His entertainment His returne Ambi●ious malice in sauages Exp●dition aga●●st the Taymayas Danger of drowning Ilha Grande Whale ouerturneth a Canoa A Caniball captai●e with eightie followers Three dayes ascending a Mountaine Snak●s very venemous R. Paracuona how passed Mountayne of foure dayes iourney His danger of death R. P●●a●●a He loseth hi● way Tapnyas Waanawasons Poysonous fruit Fortie dayes iourney vp a Riuer Of Spirits that possessed the Indians and killed them Master Kniue● told mee that he heard one Indian vpon occasion of such possession conferring with the Spirit and threatning if the Spirits vsed them so ill they would turne to the Christians and thereupon the Spi●i● left the person so possessed Strange disease Hard serui●ude M●serable famine 180. men lost Mountaine of blacke round stones Steep descent Ground Hony Ant beare M. of greene stones R. Iawa●y which floweth from Potoss● Vomits and death The enemies town forsaken Snake which leapes at the fire The Snake killed Worse Snakes aliue He is set in the Stockes He is brought to execution Honest Portugals intercede A new aduenture Fishing with golden hooks Faire Ston 5. Golden Riuers Glistering Mountaine Tamandros are the Ant-beares Hideous aduenture C●arons F●r●y The Indians kils the Portugals and after eate them Diuellish Butchers Hatred of the Tamoyes to the Portugals Tamominos He teacheth them to fight Topinaques Mount●ine of Go●d His rich apparell He perswades them to seeke new habitations New discoueries of this wandering Nation Amazons not a on 〈…〉 breasted Nation but warlike women Battell of Sauages Carijos They are assailed by the Portugals He returneth to his M●ster The Portugals kill 10000. and captiue 20000. Indians Vaytacasses Tale of Saint Thomas sauouring like Saint Francises Legend Old Captaines High spirit of a Sauage What became of the 13. men so many M. Iane reckoneth lost out of Cap. Dauis his Ship Andrew Towers deuise His mad aduenture Massangano a Portugall Fort in Africa ●ee And. Battell H●● escape to Angola He is taken sent backe to Brasill Nil habet insoeli● paupertas du●ius ●●se Q●ám quòd ridicnlos hom 〈…〉 es facit Captain Cocke Heixts perfidiousnesse to his Countrimen Heixts miserable dea●h Two Dutch ships He saueth his Master Foure Hollan● ships Perfidiousnes of Portugals Flemming taken trecherously Mynes of gold Siluer Myne The Organs Mortalitie Diuers frayes dangers of the Author which here followed as in other places of the Historie for breuities sake are omitted Legge swolne with the aire Danger at Sea Mamaluke or Mestizos Riuer of toad● Nine tuns of siluer Places on the Coast. A storme Army of Sauages Ambergreece This Thomas Turner I was acqu 〈…〉 ed with and receiued of him some notes which follow after M. Kn●uet A. Kni●et arriueth at Lisbon● His sicknesse The Petiu●res described No set forme of Religion Warres Region Diet. R●t●● of childe birth Sharkes de●oured by Sharkes Crocodiles how and why taken Crab-lice Abausangaretam See the former §. The Wayanasses Painting Tabacco The Topin●ques Canibals called Pories Small Cocos The Molopaques bea●de● Sauages and ciuiller then others Houses seuer 〈…〉 Gold Riuer Par● Mynes Faire wome 〈…〉 M●●le●● The Motay●● Weeping w 〈…〉 come W 〈…〉 D 〈…〉 The Lopos Gold in plentie The Wayanawasons simple sauages Venemous plum M●ny straits T●me Estridges Riuer Iawary Menua●e Gold Cristall and Iemm●s The Serpent Sorocueu described his st●ange forme and qualities Two moneths trauell