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A91908 An exposition on the whole booke of Solomons song, commonly called the canticles. Wherein the text is explained and usefull observations raised thereupon. / By John Robotham, preacher of the gospel. Robotham, John, fl. 1654. 1651 (1651) Wing R1730; Thomason E639_1; ESTC R206657 461,322 801

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Every one whereof is twinned or paired that is like as sheep going from the washing by couples whereby is plainly set forth the equall correspondence of upper and lower teeth each one orderly answering the other as cut and sized by couples This may denote the unity and fellowship of believers that feed on the spirituall food of Jesus Christ The Saints are fed and nourished together by the heavenly Manna even as Sheep goe up in couples from the washing The fourth and last commendation of these teeth followeth And none is barren among them None is barren or as the word Shacculah importeth none amongst them aborts that is brings forth before the time or none is bereaved or robbed of the young by miscarrying or the like That which is barren is that which beareth not as appears in Isaiah 64. 1. Sing O barren thou that bearest not c. but here the word signifieth either miscarrying in the birth or losse of that which is brought forth by robberie death or the like so this denoteth the stedfastnesse of every tooth in his place after it is brought forth as if it were said there is no tooth wanting in their order and place but even and stedfast as sheep yeilding twins and never miscarrying so hath the Church her teeth Some understand these teeth the pastours and teachers of the Church because they were such as did Cut and divide the word of truth aright unto the people as the Apostle saith but I rather understand it of the Churches judging discerning and applying the word of God to the comfort and nourishing of her owne soul feeding by faith upon the promises of God The spirituall food of the soule is Christ and therefore is called The bread of life that came downe from heaven Joh. 6. And the word is called the food of our soules the Apostle willeth us As new borne babes to desire the sincere milke of the word 1 Pet. 2. 2. And Paul telleth the Corinths That they were carnall even babes in Christ and that he gave them milke to drinke and not strong meate 1 Cor. 3. Now by the teeth of the Church is meant that esteeme discerning and applying of the word of God that she hath for her owne comfort and nourishment Hence Observe That the Saints doe comfortably feed on Christ and his word as on the heavenly food of their soules It is said in Psal 22. 26. The meeke shall eate and be satisfied and in Psal 132. 15. the meeke and needy shall have enough And Luke 1. 53. God filleth the hungrie with good things that is they shall be satisfied and filled with the good things of the Gospel And thus wisedome inviteth the simple To eate of her bread and drinke of her wine Prov. 9. 5. Thus Jesus tels the Jews that he was the bread of life Joh. 6. now it is upon Christ and on the sweet promises that the soule is nourished and it is the believer only can feed upon this spirituall food judging and discerning it aright So much for the commendation of the Churches teeth It followeth VERS 3. Thy teeth are like a thred of scarlet and thy speech is comely thy Temples are like a piece of pomegranate within thy locks UNto the three former now other two particulars of praise doe follow in this third verse viz. the lips and the Temples Touching the first he saith Thy lips are like a thred of scarlet and thy speech is comely The instruments of speech and the chiefest grace of the countenance are the lips and therefore the speech is commended by the instruments thereof which are the lips Thy lips are like a thred of Scarlet c. Here are two things commended in the lips First They are small in as much as they are resembled by a thred or line Secondly They be red of colour and therefore he mentioneth Scarlet a red colour of a double die Now if a Virgine be never so beautifull if her speech be rude and unpleasant it disgraceth all therefore he addeth Thy speech is comely Comely gracious and to be desired The Hebrew Nava signifieth comely beatifull amiable and to be desired 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Cupivit concupivit affectavit in Niph 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Desiderabilis per metalepsin pulcher decorus conveniens fuit The Greeke translateth it goodly faire beautifull This comelinesse of the Spouse is in her sight countenance and speech Now by the lips of the Church are commended her prayers and praises her doctrines and thanksgivings which are all uttered with her lips The Spouse uttereth these not with swelling words of vanitie or taught by humane wisedome but by the Spirit of the Lord which poureth grace and utterance into the soule Now in that the Church is commended for her speech and that from the beauty of her lips Hence Observe That the spirituall prayers and praises of the Church are gracious and comely Hence it is that the very lips that are but the instruments of her speech are commended for their beautie The speech of man declareth what is in the heart for Christ saith Out of the abundance of the heart the mouth speaketh And a good man out of the good treasnre of his heart bringeth forth good things and an evill man out of the evill treasure of his heart bringeth forth evill things By nature there is nothing in mans heart but that which is corrupt and abhominable and so in all men as the the Apostle saith The poyson of Aspes is under their lips Rom. 3. But by the operation of the holy Spirit the hearts of the Saints are filled with faith and love and then the speech is gracious Such speech as proceedeth from a heart spiritualized winneth love and likeing It was said of Christ that he was fairer then the Children of Adam Grace was powred out of his lips Psal 45. And the Apostle prayeth that a doore of utterance may be opened unto him Let a man be never so learned if the doore of utterance be shut up his speech shall profit little It was falsly objected against Paul as a reproach unto him that he was rude in speaking 2 Cor. 11. 6. The truth is he willingly avoided that painted kinde of eloquence which carnall men and such as have itching eares doe commonly delight in but he wanted no kinde of utterance which was fit for the preaching of the Gospell to wit the plaine evidence and demonstration of the Spirit So much for the praise of the Churches speech set forth by the beauty of her lips The next particular followeth Thy Temples are like a piece of pomgranate within thy locks He describeth another part of the countenance or face viz. the temples of the head speaking also of them according to the custome then used women suffering their haire to hang about their temples because it 's said within thy locks By Temples are meant each of the temples of the head and hereby may be meant the cheekes also which are
my Mother when I should find thee without I would kisse thee yet I should not be dispised I would lead thee and bring thee into my Mothers house who would instruct me I would cause thee to drinke of spiced wine of the juyce of my Pomegranate His left hand should be under my head and his right hand should imbrace me I charge you O daughters of Jerusalem that ye stir not up nor awake my love untill he please Who is this that commeth up from the Wildernesse leaning upon her beloved I raised thee up under the Apple-tree there thy Mother brought thee forth there she brought thee forth that bare thee Set me as a Seale upon thine heart as a Seale upon thine Arme for love is strong as death jealosie is cruell as the Grave the coals thereof are coals of fire which hath a most vehement flame VVEE have had in this Song the condition and state of the Spouse which hath been variable and after diverse sorts as even now calling and crying out for her well-beloved Not long after we have her as it were set down and the Bridegroome calling upon her to arise and come away yea sometimes she is not onely set downe but also she is laid downe and asleep the Saints doe not continue alwayes alike but however they swarve for a time yet they returne and their end is commendable And therefore the Church is here even to the end of the Song declaring her faith and good affection towards Christ But to come to the words themselves of this Chapter First in generall the Spouse doth declare what a great desire she hath to be in his presence and to retaine him with her which ariseth from a vehement love whose heat cannot be quenched as she expresseth in the sequell of the Chapter Christ and the Spouse be of one family as Brothers and Sisters doe dwell together in familiarity each doth usually know where to find the other According to this she saith O that thou wert as my Brother that sucked the Breasts of my Mother when I should find thee without I would kisse thee yet I should not be dispised In this verse the Spouse declareth her earnest affection unto Christ wishing that she might continually enjoy him as a most faithfull friend We have in this verse First an exclamation or wish expressing her fervent desire O that thou wert as my Brother This wish is amplified by saying That sucked the breasts of my Mother Secondly the resolution of the Spouse in case she had obtained her desire in these words When I should find thee without I would kisse thee This also is amplified wherein she doth as it were set feare and shame a side by adding Yet I should not be ashamed O that thou wert as my Brother c. Some read the words thus O if some would give thee or who will give thee Such phrases are often used for formes of wishing in the Scripture as in Psal 14. 7. Who shall give Salvation to Israel That is O that the Salvation of Israel were come The Apostle alludes to this forme of speech when he saith Who shall deliver me from the body of this death Rom. 7. 24. It is an expression of an earnest wish or desire in the Spouse here wherein she doth declare her earnest desire of the brother-hood love and fellowship of Christ whereby she might manifest her love to him againe Her desire of him is that he would be to her As a Brother That is most faithfull friendly and loving See Gen. 13. 8. Psal 133. 1. Brother-hood signifies some neer conjunction and relation either by nature or by Covenant Zach. 11. 14. Such as are companions in like condition quality or action are called brethren Prov. 18. 9. Gen. 49. 5. Now Christ is not onely the Brother of the Spouse in respect of his humanity taking on him the same flesh and blood Heb. 2. 14. but also by that onenesse in fellowship and communion in the Spirit having one father one blessednesse and glory Thus Christ calls his Saints Brethren Heb. 2. 11 12. in respect of that spirituall union and fellowship between them It 's added That sucked the breasts of my Mother The Spouse is not contented onely to have Christ as a Brother but as a most naturall kind Brother because many times it falleth out that brethren are at great jarres through the neglect or forgetfullnesse of those brotherly bonds between them therefore the Spouse desireth that Christ may be a most naturall kind-hearted brother to her as one that sucked her Mother for betweene brethren of the same Mother the love and affections are the most ardent as is testified by Joseph in his affections toward his Brother Benjamin Gen. 43. 29 30. By the Mother here we may understand the heavenly Jerusalem which is above which the Apostle calls The Mother of us all Gal. 4. 26. To suck the breasts of this Mother is to partake and enjoy the sweet refreshing comforts of the Church or assembly of the first borne to be refreshed with the fatnesse and sweetnesse of Gods house towit the sweet consolations of the Spirit Isa 66. 10. 11. Now we must know that Christ and his people make but one body and is mystically called Christ 1 Cor. 12. 12. and therefore here where it is said that Christ doth suck these breasts it is meant of Saints or Christ in the Saints is refreshed and comforted Hence Observe First That the Spouse is very earnest and desirous of a neer brotherhood and communion with Christ O that thou wert as my Brother c. Nothing satisfies the Saints but fellowship with the Father and the Sonne nothing but a sweet communion with Christ in all his graces The Saints are onely delighted with his love and sweetnesse and continually desire in a most comfortable and familiar way to enjoy his divine presence Secondly Observe That Christ is refreshed in his Saints refreshments For as you heard before he and his Saints are one body and hence it is that when Saints are begotten unto God Christ is formed in them Gal. 4. 19. and as they are nourished by the sincere milke of the word so is Christ also nourished grows more more in stature and fullnesse For that which is properly the person of the Saint or the Saint-ship it selfe is part of Christ Christ is diffused into all his Saints and they all make but one compleat body and therefore as the body is said to suck the breasts of spirituall consolation Christ may also be said to suck those breasts for it is Christ in the Saints that is nourished so when the Saints encrease it is the increasings of the Lord and the growth of the Saints is the growth of Christ It followeth When I should find thee without I would kisse thee yet I should not be despised Here is the resolution of the Spouse When I finde thee or though I find thee in the streets that is in open and
in such cloathing the Jewes put Christ when they would declare him King though with their affections derided him And as the false Church would be accounted honourable and glorious so she puts upon her the royall colours of Christ Purple is a certain juyce had from a shel-fish of that names of which fishes it is said Cum vita succum eum evomunt together with their lives losse they doe evomite that purple juyce Upon which consideration it hath its Plin. lib. 9. cap. 36. colour of blood This princely colour denotes unto us the heavenly glorie of the Saints as also the blood and death of Christ in the participation whereof a Christian becomes beautifull and glorious Hence Observe That the Saints by participating in the blood of Christ and being cloathed with his righteousnesse are made very glorious Christ is said to have washed us in his blood and to make us Kings and Priests unto God c. Revel 1. 5 6. And in Revel 7. 14. The Saints are they which Came out of great tribulation and have washed their robes and made them white in the blood of the Lamb. It is the greatest dignitie and glorie of believers that they are made cleane and pure by the blood of the Lamb. Thus the Chariot of Christ is made up First Of the silver Pillars of his word and truth Secondly Of the Covenant of grace as on the bottome of gold whereon the Saints rest And lastly Of the purple and glorious ornaments which is given the Saints through his blood It followeth The middest thereof being paved with love for the daughters of Jerusalem The middest is to be taken for the inmost part of the Chariot which is said to be paved with love that is wrought with lovely workes whereby the daughters of Jerusalem to wit the elect of God are drawne unto God himselfe by the feeling of his love towards them Hence Observe That Christ drawes his people unto himselfe by a principle of love Hence it is That the Chariot wherein Christ carries his people in is paved with love Christ doth so affectionately love his Spouse that he doth ingrave her on the palms of his hands Isa 49. 16. and carrieth her upon his heart as the high Priest bare the names of the Children of Isarel on his pectorall or breast-plate to wit on his heart Exod. 28. 29. Christ doth display the banner of love over the soule and so draweth it after himselfe Such as is the love of Christ is the pavement of his Coach Thus farre the description of Christs chariot Now followoweth the description of his person VERS 11. Go forth O ye Daughters of Zion behold King Solomon with the Crowne wherewith his Mother Crowned him in the day of his Espousalls and in the day of the gladnesse of his heart SOlomon being advanced the people of Jerusalem are called forth to behold his glory but under this Christ and his people are most intended the Saints are onely fit to contemplate upon Jesus Christ and Christ onely affords matter of heavenly speculation For the better understanding of these words observe First The persons called out and they be the daughters of Zion Come forth O yee daughters of Zion c. Secondly The end of their being so called out and that is to Behold or contemplate on King Solomon Thirdly The description of Solomon and this is done by introducing him crowned The Crowne is made excellent First In respect of the person that crownes him and that is his mother Secondly In respect of the time of his coronation and that is the time First Of his marriage Secondly Of his hearts rejoycing Come forth O ye daughters of Zion c. Zion was a glorious Fort seated in an upper place of Jerusalem inhabited of the Jebusites before David surprised it but afterward it was called the Citie of David 2 Sam. 5. 7. The word in English signifieth a Looking-glasse or a prospective signe a terme well befiitting it because it was a watch Tower over Jerusalem It was called the holy Citie and the Lords mountaine Isa 5. 2. Joel 3. 17. because the Temple was built there The Daughters of Zion were the women dwelling therein but all men and women are comprised in the phrase so were all Townes and Cities called daughters to the Mother Zion The Daughters figured out the Saints of God which are also called Virgins and doe follow the Lamb Revel 14. 14. These Daughters are called forth to a further degree of knowledge and out of their former estate Hence Observe That the Saints are called out of their darke estate they are in by nature unto a state of more knowledge by the Spirit of Christ Ye are called out of darknesse into marveilous light saith the Apostle 1 Pet. 2. 9. And so saith the Prophet The people that sate in darknesse have seene a great light they that dwell in the Land of the shadow of death upon them hath light shined Isa 9. 2. Now followeth the end for which the Daughters of Zion are thus called out And behold King Solomon with his Crowne c. Under Solomon is meant Christ whom Solomon figured in his Kingdome crowned with glorie and honour in his Church The Daughters of Zion are called forth to behold his glorie and dignitie his worth and excellencie even with his Crowne or diadem wherewith he was invested Thus it was said to John Come and see Revel 1. And againe Tell ye the daughters of Zion Behold thy King commeth Matt. 21. 15. So here behold King Solomon with his Crowne of glorie and dominion and victorie Hence Observe That the Saints are called forth to behold and contemplate the excellencies of Christ. If Shebaes Queene came from the uttermost parts of the earth to behold Solomons glorie how much more should wee come forth of our lusts and from the world to contemplate on his glorie who is farre greater then Solomon Matth. 12. 42. for by so Beholding him though as in a mirrour we are changed into his image from glorie to glorie as by the Spirit of the Lord 2 Cor. 3. 18. But how shall the naturall man behold Christ in his glorie when as he perceiveth not the things of God for they are foolishnesse to him neither can he know them because they are spiritually discernd 1 Cor. 2. 14. Then let the Daughters of Zion come forth for they only can contemplate on the spirituall glorie of Christ and can judge a right thereof Now followeth the description of our Solomon to wit Christ and this is by introducing him crowned This Crowne is made excellent First In respect of the person that crownes him The Crowne wherewith his Mother crowned him Christs mysticall Mother is the Church of the faithfull that with the Apostle travaileth till Christ be formed in her The Saints by faith do spiritually conceive and bring forth Christ Gal. 4. 19. And Christ saith they that doe his will are his Sisters and Mothers Mat. 12. 50. It