the_o battle_n of_o kettell_n his_o son_n roderic_n surname_v the_o great_a without_o any_o opposition_n or_o contest_v succeed_v in_o the_o principality_n of_o wales_n the_o first_o thing_n he_o effect_v after_o his_o advancement_n to_o âhe_n crown_n be_v the_o divide_n of_o wales_n into_o several_a province_n which_o he_o distinguish_v into_o these_o three_o aberffraw_n dinevowr_n and_o mathraval_n berthred_a king_n âf_n mercia_n be_v animate_v by_o his_o late_a success_n against_o merfyn_n frych_n purpose_v to_o perform_v the_o like_a exploit_n âgainst_a his_o son_n roderic_n and_o have_v gain_v the_o aid_n ând_v assistance_n of_o king_n ethelwulph_n he_o enter_v north_n wales_n with_o a_o strong_a army_n and_o advance_v as_o far_o as_o anglesey_n which_o he_o cruel_o and_o miserable_o destroy_v roderic_n meet_v he_o several_a time_n and_o the_o welsh_a do_v at_o length_n so_o gall_n and_o torment_v he_o that_o in_o fine_a he_o have_v little_a or_o nothing_o to_o boast_v of_o only_a meyric_n one_o of_o the_o chief_a prince_n among_o the_o britain_n be_v slay_v but_o he_o be_v soon_o force_v to_o quit_v his_o expedition_n against_o the_o welsh_a and_o to_o convert_v his_o force_n another_o way_n his_o own_o dominion_n require_v their_o constant_a residence_n be_v severe_o threaten_v by_o a_o foreign_a invasion_n a.d._n 846_o for_o the_o dane_n be_v by_o this_o time_n grow_v so_o very_o powerful_a that_o they_o overran_a a_o great_a part_n of_o england_n fight_v with_o athelstan_n king_n of_o kent_n brother_n to_o ethelwulph_n and_o obtain_v so_o much_o conquest_n that_o whereas_o before_o they_o return_v to_o their_o own_o country_n when_o the_o wether_n grow_v too_o cold_a for_o action_n they_o now_o take_v up_o their_o winter-quarter_n in_o england_n the_o welsh_a in_o the_o mean_a time_n be_v secure_a from_o any_o violence_n which_o may_v otherwise_o be_v expect_v from_o the_o english_a begin_v to_o quarrel_n and_o fall_v out_o among_o themselves_o ithel_n king_n of_o gwent_n or_o wântland_n for_o what_o occasion_n not_o know_v fall_v foul_a upon_o the_o meâ_n of_o brecknock_n who_o be_v so_o resolute_a as_o to_o fight_v he_o and_o the_o event_n prove_v very_o unfortunate_a to_o ithel_n whâ_n be_v slay_v upon_o the_o spot_n it_o be_v the_o unhappiness_n of_o a_o nation_n that_o be_v govern_v by_o several_a petty_a state_n when_o it_o be_v apprehensive_a of_o no_o danger_n from_o a_o outward_a enemy_n that_o it_o will_v fall_v at_o variance_n and_o create_v disturbance_n among_o itself_o have_v the_o britain_n instead_o of_o fall_v upon_o one_o another_o take_v the_o advantage_n of_o this_o opportunity_n wheâ_n the_o saxon_n be_v altogether_o employ_v in_o oppose_v and_o repel_v the_o dane_n to_o increase_v and_o strengthen_v their_o number_n and_o to_o fortify_v their_o town_n they_o may_v aâ_n lest_o secure_o have_v possess_v their_o own_o dominion_n ãâã_d not_o extend_v their_o government_n to_o a_o great_a part_n of_o england_n but_o a_o sort_n of_o a_o equality_n in_o power_n beget_v aâ_n emulation_n between_o the_o several_a prince_n and_o this_o emulation_n for_o the_o most_o part_n end_v in_o blow_n and_o contention_n so_o that_o instead_o of_o strengthen_v themselves_o whilst_o they_o have_v respite_n from_o the_o english_a they_o rather_o weaken_v their_o power_n by_o inward_a difference_n kongen_fw-mi king_n of_o powy_n be_v go_v to_o rome_n there_o to_o a.d._n 854_o âend_n his_o day_n peaceable_o and_o religious_o but_o his_o death_n do_v not_o prove_v so_o natural_a as_o he_o expect_v be_v barbarous_o slay_v or_o as_o some_o say_v choke_v by_o his_o own_o servant_n short_o after_o die_v cemoyth_fw-mi king_n of_o the_o pict_n and_o jonathan_n lord_n of_o abergeley_n it_o be_v now_o become_v customary_a for_o prince_n weary_v with_o government_n to_o go_v to_o rome_n and_o the_o pope_n willing_o dispense_v with_o the_o resignation_n of_o their_o crown_n by_o reason_n that_o his_o holiness_n seldom_o lose_v by_o it_o king_n ethelwulph_n pay_v very_o dear_a for_o his_o entertainment_n there_o make_v his_o kingdom_n tributary_n to_o the_o pope_n and_o pay_v the_o peterpence_n to_o the_o church_n of_o rome_n the_o saxon_a genealogist_n bring_v the_o pedigree_n of_o ethelwulph_n for_o several_a succession_n and_o generation_n up_o to_o adam_n as_o may_v be_v see_v in_o matthew_n of_o westminster_n who_o in_o like_a manner_n derive_v the_o pedigree_n of_o offa_n king_n of_o mercia_n this_o have_v be_v the_o custom_n of_o most_o nation_n both_o ancient_a and_o modern_a and_o be_v always_o practise_v by_o they_o who_o family_n be_v any_o thing_n ancient_a and_o honourable_a so_o that_o it_o be_v a_o very_a great_a mistake_n to_o scoff_n at_o and_o deride_v the_o welsh_a because_o they_o keep_v up_o this_o ancient_a and_o laudable_a custom_n berthred_a king_n of_o mercia_n become_v at_o length_n far_o âoo_o weak_a to_o repel_v the_o daily_a increase_a power_n of_o the_o dane_n who_o so_o numerous_o pour_v upon_o he_o that_o at_o last_o he_o be_v force_v to_o relinquish_v his_o kingdom_n and_o fly_v to_o rome_n where_o in_o a_o short_a time_n he_o sorrowful_o end_v his_o day_n ethelwulph_n short_o follow_v and_o leave_v his_o son_n athelbald_a king_n of_o the_o westsaxons_a and_o athelbright_n king_n of_o kent_n and_o the_o east-saxons_a ethelwulph_n be_v report_v to_o be_v so_o learned_a and_o devout_a that_o the_o church_n of_o winchester_n elect_v he_o in_o his_o youth_n bishop_n of_o that_o see_v which_o function_n he_o take_v upon_o he_o about_o seven_o year_n before_o he_o be_v make_v king_n he_o be_v say_v also_o to_o have_v conquer_a the_o kingdom_n of_o demetia_n or_o south-wales_n which_o together_o with_o the_o kingdom_n of_o the_o south-saxons_a he_o bestow_v upon_o his_o son_n alfred_n upon_o condition_n he_o will_v bring_v a_o thousand_o man_n out_o of_o wales_n to_o winchester_n to_o the_o aid_n of_o his_o brother_n ethelbert_n against_o the_o dane_n athelbald_n succeed_a his_o father_n in_o the_o kingdom_n of_o the_o westsaxons_a keep_v his_o mother-in-law_n the_o wife_n of_o ethelwulph_n for_o hiâ_n concubine_n and_o afterward_o marry_v she_o in_o the_o city_n of_o chester_n but_o he_o do_v not_o live_v long_o to_o enjoy_v the_o unnatural_a conjunction_n but_o die_v without_o issâ_n after_o that_o he_o have_v reign_v eight_o year_n leave_v his_o kingdom_n to_o his_o brother_n athelbright_n about_o the_o same_o time_n the_o dane_n begin_v again_o to_o be_v stir_v themselves_o and_o fall_v upon_o the_o city_n of_o winchester_n and_o destroy_v it_o which_o athelbright_n perceive_v after_o a_o long_o fight_v force_v they_o to_o quit_v the_o land_n and_o tâ_n betake_v themselves_o to_o sea_n again_o but_o the_o dane_n quick_o return_v to_o the_o isle_n of_o thanet_n where_o they_o remain_v for_o that_o winter_n do_v much_o mischief_n upon_o the_o sea-coast_n and_o destroy_v all_o place_n near_o the_o shoaâ_n of_o england_n the_o english_a be_v very_o glad_a that_o they_o dare_v venture_v no_o further_o and_o the_o more_o because_o the_o welsh_a begin_v again_o to_o be_v troublesome_a against_o whoâ_n a_o army_n must_v be_v speedy_o dispatch_v otherwise_o they_o will_v certain_o advance_v to_o the_o english_a country_n both_o army_n meet_v at_o greythen_n where_o a_o fierce_a battle_n be_v fight_v and_o a_o great_a number_n slay_v on_o either_o side_n but_o the_o victory_n be_v not_o plain_o discoverable_a bââ_n the_o welch_n not_o long_o after_o receive_v a_o considerable_a loâ_n by_o the_o death_n of_o conan_n nârit_fw-fr nifer_n a_o stout_a and_o skilful_a commander_n who_o oftentimes_o have_v valiant_o repulse_v the_o english_a force_n and_o obtain_v many_o signââ_n victory_n over_o they_o the_o dane_n have_v be_v for_o some_o time_n quiet_a be_v ââable_a to_o venture_v upon_o any_o considerable_a action_n anâ_n therefore_o they_o think_v it_o advisable_v to_o secure_v only_a whâ_n they_o have_v already_o win_v and_o to_o expect_v a_o re-inforcement_n from_o their_o own_o country_n this_o be_v quick_o send_v they_o under_o the_o command_n of_o hungare_n and_o hubâââ_n who_o land_v in_o england_n with_o a_o very_a considerable_a armâ_n of_o dane_n king_n athelbright_n whether_o terrify_v with_o a_o dismal_a apprehension_n of_o these_o invader_n or_o otherwise_o be_v indispose_v quick_o afterward_o give_v up_o the_o ghost_n leave_v the_o management_n of_o his_o kingdom_n together_o with_o that_o of_o his_o army_n against_o the_o dane_n to_o his_o brother_n ethelred_n the_o dane_n in_o the_o mean_a time_n âot_n sure_a foot_n and_o advance_v as_o far_o as_o york_n which_o âhey_n miserable_o destroy_v kill_v osbright_n and_o elbaâwo_n âwo_z king_n of_o northumberland_n that_o oppose_v they_o ârom_o hence_o they_o proceed_v and_o overrun_v all_o the_o country_n as_o far_o as_o nottingham_n destroy_v and_o spoil_v all_o before_o they_o and_o then_o return_v back_o to_o york_n âut_fw-la have_v once_o taste_v
cadelh_n king_n of_o powis_n his_o father_n mother_n these_o three_o dominion_n roderic_n divide_v between_o hââ_n three_o son_n appoint_v north-wales_n for_o his_o elder_a soâ_n anarawd_n south-wales_n to_o cadelh_n who_o short_o after_o ãâã_d father_n death_n forcible_o seize_v upon_o his_o brother_n mââfyn's_n portion_n upon_o who_o roderic_n have_v bestoweâ_n powis-land_n wales_n be_v thus_o divide_v between_o the_o three_o prince_n they_o be_v call_v y_o tri_n tywysoc_n taââthioc_n or_o the_o three_o crown_a prince_n by_o reason_n thââ_n each_o of_o they_o do_v wear_v on_o his_o helmet_n a_o coronet_n ãâã_d gold_n be_v a_o broad_a head-band_n indent_a upwarâ_n set_v and_o wrought_v with_o precious_a stone_n which_o in_o ãâã_d british_a tongue_n be_v call_v talaeth_n to_o each_o of_o the_o prince_n roderic_n build_v a_o royal_a seat_n for_o the_o prinââ_n of_o gwyneth_n or_o north-wales_n at_o aberffraw_n of_o souââwales_n at_o dinefawr_n for_o the_o prince_n of_o powis_n at_o mâthrafel_n roderic_n have_v issue_n also_o beside_o these_o threâ_n roderic_n meyric_n edwal_n or_o tadwal_n gwyriad_n aââ_n gathelic_n but_o roderic_n have_v divide_v his_o principality_n betwixt_o his_o elder_a son_n namely_o aberffraw_n with_o the_o fifteen_o cantred_n thereunto_o belong_v to_o anarawd_n dinefawr_n with_o its_o fifteen_o cantred_n extend_v from_o the_o mouth_n of_o the_o river_n dofi_n to_o the_o mouth_n of_o severn_n to_o cadelh_n and_o powis_n with_o fifteen_o cantred_n from_o the_o mouth_n of_o the_o river_n dee_fw-mi to_o the_o bridge_n over_o severn_n at_o gloucester_n to_o merfyn_n ordain_v that_o his_o elder_a son_n anarawd_n and_o his_o successor_n shall_v continue_v the_o payment_n of_o the_o ancient_a tribute_n to_o the_o crown_n of_o england_n and_o the_o other_o two_o their_o heir_n and_o successor_n shall_v acknowledge_v his_o sovereignty_n and_o that_o upon_o any_o foreign_a invasion_n they_o shall_v mutual_o aid_v and_o protect_v one_o another_o and_o he_o far_o appoint_v that_o when_o any_o difference_n shall_v arise_v betwixt_o the_o prince_n of_o aberffraw_n and_o cardigan_n or_o dynefawr_n the_o three_o prince_n shall_v meet_v at_o bwlch_n you_o pawl_v and_o the_o prince_n of_o powy_n shall_v be_v umpire_n but_o if_o the_o prince_n of_o aberffraw_n and_o powy_n fall_v at_o variance_n they_o shall_v meet_v at_o dôl_n rhianedd_n probable_o morva_n rhianedd_n on_o the_o bank_n of_o the_o river_n dee_fw-mi where_o the_o king_n of_o cardigan_n be_v to_o adjust_a the_o controversy_n and_o if_o the_o quarrel_v happen_v betwixt_o the_o prince_n of_o powy_n and_o cardigan_n the_o meeting_n be_v appoint_v at_o llys_n wen_n upon_o the_o river_n wye_n and_o to_o be_v decide_v by_o the_o prince_n of_o aberffraw_n and_o the_o better_a to_o frustrate_v any_o attempt_n of_o the_o english_a he_o ordain_v moreover_o that_o all_o stronghold_n castle_n and_o citradel_n shall_v be_v fortify_v and_o keep_v in_o repair_n that_o all_o church_n and_o religious_a house_n shall_v be_v re-edify_v and_o adorn_v and_o that_o in_o all_o age_n the_o history_n of_o britain_n be_v faithful_o register_v and_o transcribe_v shall_v be_v keep_v therein_o anarawd_n the_o welsh_a have_v often_o sorrowful_o feel_v the_o unnatural_a effect_n of_o inward_a sedition_n and_o of_o be_v govern_v by_o several_a prince_n which_o be_v now_o unavoidable_o to_o be_v renew_v by_o reason_n of_o roderic_n imprudent_a division_n of_o his_o dominion_n between_o his_o three_o son_n for_o the_o several_a principality_n be_v unite_v in_o he_o it_o be_v certain_o the_o most_o politic_a mean_n for_o the_o preservation_n of_o the_o country_n from_o the_o inveterate_a fury_n of_o the_o english_a to_o compose_v the_o inward_a difference_n which_o will_v otherwise_o happen_v by_o perpetuate_a the_o whole_a government_n of_o wales_n in_o one_o prince_n for_o it_o be_v impossible_a effectual_o to_o oppose_v the_o common_a enemy_n by_o separate_a army_n and_o where_o a_o different_a interest_n interfere_v as_o if_o the_o safety_n of_o the_o same_o country_n and_o the_o honour_n of_o the_o same_o prince_n be_v unanimous_o regard_v this_o be_v the_o unhappiness_n of_o the_o ancient_a britain_n when_v the_o roman_n invade_v their_o country_n domestic_a broil_n and_o inward_a dissension_n be_v sownâ_n among_o themselves_o they_o can_v not_o agree_v to_o unite_v their_o power_n and_o joint_o to_o oppose_v the_o common_a enemy_n so_o that_o tacitus_n wise_o conclude_v dum_fw-la singuââ_fw-la pugnant_fw-la universi_fw-la vincuntur_fw-la there_o be_v few_o â_z but_o have_v experience_v the_o folly_n of_o be_v rend_v into_o several_a portion_n and_o the_o downfall_n of_o that_o greaâ_n body_n the_o roman_a empire_n may_v not_o be_v absurd_o attribute_v to_o constantine_n divide_v of_o it_o between_o hiâ_n son_n but_o the_o welsh_a at_o this_o time_n present_o feel_v the_o unhappiness_n of_o it_o cadelh_n prince_n of_o south-wales_n be_v dissatisfy_v with_o his_o portion_n and_o desirous_a to_o feed_v his_o ambition_n with_o large_a territory_n can_v not_o spare_v his_o brother_n merfyn_n country_n but_o must_v needs_o forcible_o dispossess_v he_o of_o his_o lawful_a inheritance_n and_o so_o involve_v the_o welsh_a in_o a_o civil_a war._n but_o the_o succession_n of_o the_o prince_n of_o wales_n proceed_v in_o anarawd_n the_o elder_a son_n of_o roderic_n who_o begin_v his_o reign_n over_o north-wales_n in_o the_o year_n 877._o a.d._n 877_o at_o that_o time_n rollo_n with_o a_o numerous_a army_n of_o norman_n descend_v into_o france_n and_o possess_v themselves_o of_o the_o country_n of_o neustria_n which_o from_o they_o have_v since_o receive_v the_o name_n of_o normandy_n but_o the_o treacherous_a dane_n in_o england_n who_o have_v retire_v to_o the_o city_n of_o exeter_n quick_o violate_v the_o capitulation_n which_o they_o have_v late_o swear_v to_o observe_v and_o upon_o that_o account_n be_v so_o warm_o pursue_v by_o king_n alfred_n that_o they_o glad_o deliver_v up_o hostage_n for_o the_o performance_n of_o the_o article_n former_o agree_v upon_o between_o they_o but_o it_o be_v not_o their_o intention_n to_o keep_v they_o long_o for_o the_o next_o year_n they_o again_o break_v lose_v possess_v themselves_o of_o all_o the_o country_n upon_o the_o north-side_n of_o thames_n and_o pass_v the_o river_n put_v the_o english_a to_o flight_n and_o make_v themselves_o master_n of_o chippenham_n in_o west-sax_n but_o their_o whole_a army_n do_v not_o succeed_v so_o well_o for_o alfred_n meet_v with_o a_o party_n of_o they_o slay_v their_o captain_n and_o take_v their_o standard_n which_o the_o dane_n call_v raven_n after_o this_o he_o vanquish_v they_o again_o at_o edendown_n where_o after_o that_o the_o dane_n have_v give_v hostage_n for_o their_o peaceable_a behaviour_n godrun_v their_o commander_n receive_v the_o christian_a faith_n and_o so_o reign_v in_o east-angle_n but_o this_o opportunity_n seem_v to_o threaten_v a_o great_a storm_n upon_o wales_n for_o beside_o the_o death_n of_o aedan_n the_o son_n of_o a.d._n 878_o melht_n a_o nobleman_n of_o the_o country_n the_o article_n of_o composition_n between_o the_o english_a and_o the_o dane_n occasion_v these_o last_o to_o join_v their_o power_n with_o the_o people_n of_o mercia_n to_o fight_v against_o the_o welsh_a between_o who_o a_o severe_a battle_n be_v fight_v at_o conwey_n wherein_o the_o welsh_a obtain_v a_o very_a signal_n victory_n which_o be_v call_v dial_n rodri_n or_o the_o revenge_n of_o the_o death_n of_o prince_n roderic_n the_o reason_n why_o the_o mercian_n be_v so_o irreconcilable_o enrage_v against_o the_o welsh_a at_o this_o time_n be_v this_o after_o the_o death_n of_o roderic_n the_o great_a the_o northern_a britain_n of_o stratelwyd_n and_o cumberland_n be_v mighty_o infest_a and_o weaken_a through_o the_o daily_a incursion_n of_o the_o dane_n saxon_n and_o scot_n insomuch_o that_o as_o many_o of_o they_o as_o will_v not_o submit_v their_o neck_n to_o the_o yoke_n be_v force_v to_o quit_v their_o country_n and_o to_o seek_v for_o more_o quiet_a habitation_n therefore_o towards_o the_o beginning_n of_o anarawd_n reign_n several_a of_o they_o come_v to_o gwyneth_n under_o the_o conduct_n of_o one_o hoberet_fw-la who_o distress_a condition_n the_o prince_n commiserate_v grant_v they_o all_o the_o country_n betwixt_o chester_n and_o conwey_n to_o seat_n themselves_o in_o in_o case_n they_o can_v drive_v out_o the_o saxon_n who_o have_v late_o possess_v themselves_o of_o it_o the_o britain_n have_v return_v their_o thanks_o to_o anarawd_n present_o fall_v to_o work_v and_o necessity_n give_v edge_n to_o their_o valour_n they_o easy_o dispossess_v the_o saxon_n who_o be_v not_o as_o yet_o warm_a in_o their_o seat_n for_o some_o time_n they_o continue_v peaceable_o in_o this_o part_n of_o wales_n but_o eadred_a duke_n of_o mercia_n call_v by_o the_o welsh_a edryd_n wallthîr_n not_o be_v able_a any_o long_o to_o bear_v such_o a_o ignominious_a ejection_n make_v great_a preparation_n
he_o be_v ââle_a to_o draw_v together_o not_o doubt_v the_o conquest_n of_o ââme_n part_n of_o britain_n in_o case_n the_o whole_a shall_v prove_v recoverable_a he_o be_v the_o more_o encourage_v to_o this_o expedition_n by_o reason_n that_o the_o advantage_n be_v like_a to_o ãâã_d his_o own_o and_o no_o one_o can_v challenge_v the_o government_n of_o britain_n in_o case_n fortune_n shall_v deliver_v it_o to_o ââs_o hand_n cadwallader_n be_v go_v to_o rome_n and_o in_o all_o probability_n never_o to_o return_v his_o son_n edwal_n ywrch_n or_o ââe_v roe_n be_v young_a and_o under_o the_o tuition_n of_o alan_n ãâã_d that_o the_o event_n of_o this_o expedition_n must_v of_o necessity_n âll_o to_o himself_o or_o by_o his_o concession_n to_o his_o son_n ivor_n âho_fw-mi be_v to_o be_v chief_a in_o the_o undertake_n have_v rise_v a_o considerable_a army_n consist_v chief_o of_o his_o âwn_a subject_n with_o what_o remain_v of_o the_o britainsââat_n ââat_z come_v over_o with_o king_n cadwaladar_n he_o dispatch_v ãâã_d for_o britain_n under_o the_o command_n of_o his_o son_n ivor_n use_v his_o nephew_n ynyr_n they_o safe_o land_v in_o the_o western_a part_n of_o britain_n which_o put_v the_o saxon_n inââ_n so_o great_a a_o fright_a that_o immediate_o they_o draw_v up_o ââl_v their_o power_n to_o oppose_v they_o and_o to_o hinder_v their_o progress_n into_o the_o country_n the_o britain_n though_o somewhat_o fatigue_v with_o their_o voyage_n however_o give_v âhem_fw-mi battle_n and_o after_o a_o very_a great_a slaughter_n of_o the_o âaxons_n possess_v themselves_o of_o the_o country_n of_o cornwall_n devon_n and_o somersetshires_n this_o prove_v a_o fortunate_a beginning_n for_o the_o britain_n and_o give_v they_o âreat_a hope_n of_o far_a success_n in_o the_o recovery_n of_o their_o country_n but_o that_o can_v not_o be_v expect_v without_o great_a opposition_n and_o several_a hot_a engagement_n wâââ_n the_o saxon_n this_o they_o be_v immediate_o make_v seâsible_a of_o for_o they_o have_v scarce_o time_n to_o breath_n and_o to_o ââcover_v their_o spirit_n after_o the_o last_o battle_n but_o kentwiââ_n king_n of_o the_o westsaxons_a march_v against_o they_o wiââ_n a_o powerful_a army_n consist_v of_o saxon_n and_o anglââ_n the_o britain_n resolve_v to_o fight_v they_o but_o whilst_o boââ_n army_n be_v in_o view_n of_o each_o other_o they_o think_v more_o adviseable_a to_o cease_v from_o any_o hostility_n and_o ãâã_d enter_v into_o article_n of_o composition_n ivor_n seem_v already_o satisfy_v with_o his_o conquest_n and_o willinâââ_n agree_v to_o marry_v ethelberga_n kentwyn_n cousin_n aââ_n peaceable_o to_o enjoy_v for_o his_o life_n so_o much_o as_o he_o be_v already_o in_o possession_n of_o this_o he_o faithful_o observe_v ââring_v the_o reign_n of_o kentwyn_n and_o his_o nephew_n cadââ_n who_o after_o two_o year_n resign_v the_o kingdom_n of_o ãâã_d westsaxons_a to_o his_o cousin_n ivor_n and_o now_o ivor_n wâââ_n become_v unexpected_o powerful_a be_v king_n as_o wâââ_n of_o the_o saxon_n as_o britain_n that_n inhabit_v the_o western_a part_n of_o the_o island_n he_o be_v now_o able_a to_o ââdertake_v somewhat_o considerable_a and_o therefore_o begââ_n to_o fall_v foul_a upon_o his_o neighbour_n the_o king_n of_o kâââ_n the_o westsaxons_a and_o mercia_n who_o he_o vanquishââ_n in_o several_a battle_n but_o be_v at_o length_n tire_v with_o tââ_n weight_n of_o government_n he_o go_v to_o rome_n after_o tââ_n example_n of_o cadwallader_n and_o resign_v the_o rule_n of_o ãâã_d saxon_n to_o his_o cousin_n adelred_n leave_v the_o britain_n ãâã_d the_o care_n of_o roderick_n molwynoc_n the_o son_n of_o edwal_n ywââ_n this_o ivor_n found_v the_o abbey_n of_o glastenbury_n callââ_n in_o the_o british_a tongue_n ynys_n avalon_n where_o there_o ãâã_d be_v a_o christian_a church_n for_o several_a year_n before_o aââ_n the_o first_o that_o be_v ever_o erect_v in_o britain_n for_o josâââ_n of_o arimathea_n be_v send_v by_o philip_n the_o apostle_n in_o tââ_n day_n of_o arviragus_n an._n chr._n 53._o to_o preach_v the_o gosâââ_n in_o britain_n seat_v himself_o here_o and_o build_v a_o chuâââ_n for_o the_o british_a christian_n this_o church_n afterwards_o ivor_n convert_v into_o a_o abbey_n which_o he_o endowââ_n with_o very_o large_a possession_n be_v famous_a for_o tââ_n burying-place_n of_o joseph_n of_o arimathea_n and_o kiââ_n arthur_n he_o bestow_v also_o some_o land_n upon_o tââ_n church_n of_o winchester_n but_o there_o happen_v several_a casualty_n in_o his_o time_n brythâ_n a_o subject_a to_o egfride_n king_n of_o northumberland_n âassed_v over_o to_o ireland_n and_o waste_v and_o destroy_v a_o great_a part_n of_o that_o kingdom_n in_o the_o four_o year_n of_o âis_n reign_v their_o happen_v a_o remarkable_a earthquake_n ân_o the_o isle_n of_o man_n which_o much_o disturb_a and_o annoy_v the_o inhabitant_n and_o the_o year_n follow_v it_o rain_v blood_n both_o in_o britain_n and_o in_o ireland_n this_o occasion_v the_o butter_n and_o milk_n to_o resemble_v the_o colour_n of_o blood_n ând_v two_o year_n after_o the_o moon_n also_o appear_v all_o bloody_a these_o accident_n of_o nature_n may_v probable_o presage_v âome_o tumult_n and_o disturbance_n in_o the_o kingdom_n which_o be_v very_o great_a in_o his_o time_n for_o he_o be_v almost_o in_o perpetual_a hostility_n with_o the_o king_n of_o kent_n west-sex_n and_o mercia_n which_o occasion_v great_a bloodshed_n and_o slaughter_n in_o britain_n his_o journey_n to_o romeâut_v âut_z a_o end_n to_o all_o these_o commotion_n from_o whence_o he_o âever_o do_v return_v but_o end_v his_o day_n there_o in_o the_o practice_n of_o piety_n and_o religion_n roderick_n molwynoc_n the_o government_n of_o the_o britain_n ivor_n resign_v a.d._n 720_o to_o roderick_n molwinoc_n the_o son_n of_o edwal_n ywrch_n who_o begin_v his_o reign_n an._n 720._o but_o adelred_n king_n of_o the_o westsaxons_a be_v displease_v that_o ivor_n have_v not_o bestow_v upon_o he_o his_o whole_a kingdom_n and_o upon_o that_o account_n he_o be_v resolve_v to_o trouble_v and_o plague_n roderick_n and_o his_o britain_n he_o raise_v immediate_o a_o powerful_a army_n and_o with_o all_o his_o force_n march_v to_o devonshire_n which_o he_o destroy_v with_o fire_n and_o sword_n from_o whence_o he_o proceed_v to_o cornwall_n intend_v to_o make_v that_o country_n sensible_a of_o the_o same_o misery_n but_o he_o come_v far_o short_a of_o his_o expectation_n for_o upon_o his_o entrance_n into_o the_o country_n the_o britain_n oppose_v he_o and_o give_v he_o battle_n where_o he_o be_v vanquish_v and_o force_v to_o retire_v with_o all_o speed_n to_o his_o own_o dominion_n this_o victory_n the_o britain_n call_v gwaeth_n heilyn_n from_o thâ_n a.d._n 721_o place_n where_o this_o battle_n be_v fight_v the_o year_n follow_v the_o britain_n again_o obtain_v two_o notable_a victory_n over_o the_o saxon_n the_o one_o at_o a_o place_n call_v gaââ_n maclawch_v in_o north-wales_n the_o other_o at_o pencoct_v in_o south-wales_n but_o the_o joy_n and_o satisfaction_n which_o the_o brâtains_v entertain_v of_o these_o success_n be_v somewhââ_n abate_v by_o the_o death_n of_o belin_n the_o son_n of_o elphin_n ãâã_d man_n of_o noble_a birth_n and_o great_a worth_n among_o theâ_n about_o the_o same_o time_n celredus_n king_n of_o mercia_n dieâ_n and_o be_v succeed_v by_o ethelbaldus_fw-la who_o be_v veââdesirous_a to_o annex_v that_o fertile_a and_o pleasant_a countrâ_n lie_v between_o the_o river_n severn_n and_o wye_n to_o hââ_n kingdom_n of_o mercia_n enter_v wales_n with_o a_o puissant_a army_n he_o destroy_v and_o ravage_v the_o country_n bâfore_fw-mi he_o to_o carno_n a_o mountain_n lie_v not_o far_o froâ_n abergavenny_n where_o he_o be_v meet_v with_o by_o the_o â_z between_o who_o a_o bloody_a and_o sore_a battle_n be_v fight_v in_o the_o year_n 728._o but_o the_o victory_n prove_v very_o dubitable_a a.d._n 733_o not_o long_o after_o die_v venerable_a bede_n who_o be_v educate_v and_o bring_v up_o in_o the_o abbey_n of_o wyrnetham_n ãâã_d jarewe_n a_o man_n of_o great_a learning_n and_o extensiââ_n knowledge_n who_o write_v several_a book_n one_o of_o whicâ_n entitle_v the_o ecclesiastical_a history_n of_o the_o english_a nâtion_n he_o dedicate_v to_o cleolwolfe_n king_n of_o northumbeâland_n the_o same_o time_n adeir_v king_n of_o the_o westsaxons_a and_o ethelbald_a king_n of_o mercia_n unite_v their_o foâces_n and_o joint_o march_v to_o fight_v against_o the_o britaâââ_n the_o welsh_a be_v now_o put_v to_o very_o hard_a strait_n anâ_n force_v to_o oppose_v the_o numerous_a army_n of_o two_o powerful_a king_n however_o fight_v they_o must_v or_o suffer_v thââ_n country_n to_o be_v miserable_o overrun_v by_o their_o invetered_a enemy_n both_o army_n be_v engage_v a_o very_a dismal_a battle_n ensue_v thereupon_o and_o a_o very_a great_a slaughter_n happen_v on_o both_o side_n but_o the_o saxon_n prevail_v by_o the_o number_n of_o their_o
for_o the_o regaining_a of_o the_o say_a country_n but_o the_o northern_a britain_n who_o have_v settle_v themselves_o there_o have_v intelligence_n of_o his_o design_n for_o the_o better_a security_n of_o their_o cattle_n and_o other_o effect_n remove_v they_o beyond_o the_o river_n conwey_n prince_n anarawd_n in_o the_o mean_a time_n be_v not_o idle_a but_o draw_v together_o all_o the_o strength_n he_o can_v raise_v encamp_v his_o army_n near_o the_o town_n of_o conwey_n at_o a_o place_n call_v cymryt_n where_o himself_o and_o his_o man_n have_v make_v gallant_a resistance_n against_o the_o press_a effort_n of_o the_o saxon_n obtain_v a_o very_a complete_a victory_n this_o battle_n be_v by_o some_o call_v gwaeth_n cymryt_n conwey_n by_o reason_n that_o it_o be_v fight_v in_o the_o township_n of_o cymryt_n near_o conwey_n but_o prince_n anarawd_n will_v have_v it_o call_v dial_n rodri_n because_o he_o have_v there_o revenge_v the_o death_n of_o his_o father_n rodri._n in_o this_o battle_n tadwal_n rodri_n son_n receive_v a_o wound_n in_o the_o knee_n which_o make_v he_o be_v denominate_v tudwal_n glôff_n ever_o after_o but_o for_o his_o signal_n service_n in_o this_o action_n his_o brethren_n bestow_v upon_o he_o vchelogoed_n gwynedd_n but_o the_o britain_n pursue_n their_o victory_n chase_v the_o saxon_n quite_o out_o of_o wales_n into_o mercia_n where_o have_v burn_v and_o destroy_v the_o border_n they_o return_v home_o lade_v with_o rich_a spoil_n and_o so_o take_v possession_n of_o the_o country_n betwixt_o chester_n and_o conwey_n which_o for_o a_o long_a time_n after_o they_o peaceable_o enjoy_v but_o anarawd_n to_o express_v his_o thankfulness_n to_o god_n for_o this_o great_a victory_n give_v very_o considerable_a land_n and_o possession_n to_o the_o collegiate_n church_n of_o bangor_n and_o clynnoc_n vawr_n in_o arfon_n after_o this_o those_o dane_n that_o lie_v at_o fulhenham_n near_o london_n cross_v the_o sea_n to_o france_n and_o pass_v to_o paris_n along_o the_o river_n seyn_fw-mi spoil_v the_o country_n thereabouts_o and_o vanquish_v the_o french_a that_o come_v against_o they_o but_o in_o their_o return_n towards_o the_o sea-coast_n they_o be_v meet_v with_o by_o the_o britain_n of_o armorica_n who_o slay_v the_o great_a part_n of_o they_o and_o the_o rest_n confuse_o endeavour_v to_o escape_v to_o their_o ship_n be_v all_o drown_v one_o shall_v think_v that_o the_o several_a misfortune_n the_o dane_n sustain_v first_o at_o sandwich_n then_o by_o king_n alfred_n and_o now_o in_o france_n will_v have_v quite_o drain_v their_o number_n and_o utter_o have_v rid_v britain_n from_o so_o troublesome_a a_o enemy_n but_o like_o ill_a weed_n the_o more_o you_o root_v they_o the_o fast_o they_o will_v grow_v the_o dane_n be_v still_o supply_v from_o abroad_o and_o if_o a_o army_n be_v vanquish_v here_o another_o be_v sure_a to_o come_v in_o their_o room_n this_o the_o welsh_a find_v too_o true_a for_o not_o long_o after_o this_o famous_a defeat_n by_o the_o armorican_a britain_n the_o danes_n not_o able_a to_o venture_v upon_o these_o be_v resolve_v to_o revenge_v themselves_o upon_o their_o friend_n of_o wales_n and_o therefore_o land_v in_o north-wales_n they_o cruel_o harass_v and_o destroy_v the_o country_n nor_o be_v it_o strange_a to_o consider_v from_o whence_o such_o a_o wonderful_a number_n of_o dane_n and_o norman_n can_v come_v for_o the_o kingdom_n of_o denmark_n have_v under_o it_o not_o only_a denmark_n which_o be_v a_o small_a country_n divide_v by_o the_o sea_n into_o insulas_fw-la and_o peninsulas_fw-la as_o that_o which_o join_v upon_o saxony_n and_o holsatia_n call_v cymbrica_n chersonesus_n with_o the_o island_n of_o zealand_n and_o finnen_n but_o also_o normay_v and_o the_o large_a country_n of_o sweden_n reach_v to_o muscovy_n and_o almost_o to_o the_o north-pole_n this_o country_n be_v then_o scarce_o know_v to_o the_o world_n do_v of_o a_o sudden_a pour_fw-fr out_o such_o a_o multitude_n of_o people_n which_o like_o a_o sudden_a storm_n unexpected_o overran_a all_o europe_n with_o a_o great_a part_n of_o the_o country_n of_o africa_n from_o hence_o proceed_v these_o dane_n who_o annoy_v england_n and_o the_o norman_n who_o conquer_v france_n both_o nation_n be_v original_o derive_v from_o the_o same_o stock_n a.d._n 890_o the_o dane_n have_v not_o appear_v in_o england_n for_o some_o time_n and_o therefore_o be_v now_o resolve_v to_o take_v so_o sure_a a_o foot_n as_o they_o can_v easy_o be_v repulse_v two_o hundred_o and_o fifty_o sail_n be_v land_v at_o lymene_n in_o kent_n hard_o by_o the_o great_a forest_n of_o andreslege_n they_o build_v the_o castle_n of_o auldre_n or_o apledore_n the_o same_o time_n haste_v with_o a_o fleet_n of_o eighty_o sail_v venture_v to_o the_o thames_n mouth_n and_o build_v the_o castle_n of_o mydlton_n have_v first_o make_v a_o oath_n to_o king_n alfred_n not_o to_o molest_v he_o or_o any_o of_o his_o subject_n but_o have_v build_v the_o castle_n of_o beamfleet_n he_o think_v himself_o to_o have_v obtain_v so_o great_a a_o strength_n that_o there_o be_v no_o necessity_n of_o observe_v the_o oath_n late_o swear_v to_o king_n alfred_n and_o therefore_o invade_v the_o country_n round_o about_o he_o but_o he_o soon_o find_v his_o mistake_n and_o be_v force_v to_o betake_v himself_o back_o to_o his_o castle_n which_o be_v quick_o pull_v down_o upon_o his_o head_n and_o his_o wife_n and_o two_o son_n take_v prisoner_n who_o be_v christen_v be_v again_o restore_v to_o their_o father_n upon_o this_o haste_v and_o his_o dane_n depart_v from_o england_n and_o make_v their_o way_n for_o france_n where_o lay_v siege_n to_o the_o city_n of_o limogis_n and_o despair_v of_o a_o speedy_a surrender_n of_o it_o betake_v himself_o to_o his_o usual_a way_n of_o deal_v sinistrous_o and_o devise_v this_o trick_n to_o win_v the_o town_n he_o feign_v himself_o to_o be_v dangerous_o sick_a and_o send_v to_o the_o bishop_n and_o the_o consul_n of_o the_o city_n desire_v of_o they_o most_o earnest_o that_o he_o may_v be_v admit_v to_o the_o christian_a faith_n and_o be_v baptize_v before_o his_o departure_n out_o of_o this_o world_n the_o bishop_n and_o consul_n suspect_v no_o deceit_n be_v very_o glad_a not_o only_o to_o be_v deliver_v from_o the_o present_a danger_n of_o be_v besiege_v but_o also_o to_o win_v so_o great_a a_o person_n to_o the_o congregation_n of_o christ_n whereupon_o a_o firm_a peace_n be_v conclude_v betwixt_o both_o nation_n hasting_n be_v baptize_v the_o bishop_n and_o consul_n be_v his_o godfather_n which_o be_v end_v he_o be_v carry_v back_o by_o his_o soldier_n to_o his_o ship_n in_o a_o very_a infirm_a condition_n as_o he_o outward_o pretend_v about_o midnight_n he_o cause_v himself_o with_o his_o arm_n about_o he_o to_o be_v lay_v on_o a_o bier_n and_o command_v his_o soldier_n to_o carry_v their_o weapon_n with_o they_o under_o ââeir_n coat_n and_o so_o to_o be_v ready_a when_o he_o shall_v give_v ââem_v the_o word_n the_o next_o day_n all_o thing_n be_v in_o readiness_n he_o be_v solemn_o bring_v by_o his_o soldier_n âith_o great_a clamour_n and_o counterfeit_n mourn_v to_o be_v ster_v in_o the_o chief_a church_n of_o the_o city_n where_o the_o shop_n and_o consul_n accompany_v with_o all_o the_o most_o honourable_a member_n of_o the_o town_n come_v to_o honour_v ââe_z funeral_n but_o when_o the_o bishop_n have_v make_v himself_o ââady_o to_o bury_v the_o body_n and_o all_o the_o citizen_n be_v ãâã_d the_o church_n up_o start_v haste_v with_o his_o sword_n ââawn_v and_o kill_v first_o the_o bishop_n and_o the_o consul_n afterwards_o fall_v in_o with_o his_o arm_a soldier_n upon_o the_o naâed_a people_n put_v all_o to_o the_o sword_n and_o spare_v âeither_o age_n sex_n nor_o infirmity_n have_v ransack_v ââe_v town_n he_o send_v messenger_n to_o charles_n the_o frenchâing_n âing_z to_o mediate_v for_o peace_n which_o he_o easy_o obtain_v together_o with_o the_o town_n of_o chartres_n towards_o the_o deâaying_n of_o his_o charge_n at_o this_o time_n hennith_n ap_fw-mi bledric_n a_o baron_n of_o wales_n a.d._n 891_o ââed_n and_o two_o year_n after_o anarawd_n prince_n of_o north_n a.d._n 893_o wales_n with_o a_o considerable_a number_n of_o english_a marâed_v against_o his_o brother_n cadelh_n and_o spoil_v the_o country_n of_o cardigan_n and_o ystradgwy_n at_o the_o same_o ââme_n the_o dane_n lay_v siege_n to_o the_o city_n of_o excester_n ând_v when_o alfred_n have_v march_v to_o oppose_v they_o they_o ââat_v continue_v in_o the_o castle_n of_o auldre_n pass_v over_o to_o essex_v and_o build_v another_o castle_n at_o scobrith_n and_o from_o âence_n march_v to_o budington_n seat_v upon_o the_o severn_n when_o alfred_n come_v near_o to_o excester_n the_o dane_n present_o raise_v the_o siege_n and_o betake_v themselves_o to_o âheir_a ship_n sail_v towards_o wales_n
and_o spoil_v the_o sea-coast_n thereof_o and_o advance_v as_o far_o as_o buellt_n but_o the_o dane_n at_o budington_n be_v inform_v that_o king_n alfred_n march_v against_o they_o flee_v back_o to_o their_o castle_n in_o essex_n so_o that_o the_o king_n be_v fain_o to_o alâer_v his_o march_n and_o to_o convert_v his_o force_n against_o leyâester_n where_o a_o party_n of_o dane_n be_v so_o warm_o besiege_v that_o at_o length_n they_o be_v reduce_v to_o that_o extremity_n as_o to_o feed_v upon_o their_o horse_n but_o the_o season_n âf_n the_o year_n for_o action_n be_v end_v and_o the_o extremity_n of_o the_o wether_n be_v advance_v alfred_n ãâã_d force_v to_o raise_v the_o siege_n and_o to_o wait_v the_o next_o opportunity_n a.d._n 895_o for_o the_o recovery_n of_o the_o town_n but_o before_o ãâã_d can_v appear_v before_o it_o again_o the_o dane_n fair_o quittââ_n it_o and_o together_o with_o those_o in_o northumberland_n passââ_n by_o the_o north-sea_n to_o meresige_v a_o isle_n in_o essex_n thâ_n a.d._n 896_o next_o year_n they_o enter_v the_o thames_n and_o build_v a_o caââââ_n twenty_o mile_n distant_a from_o london_n upon_o the_o strengââ_n of_o which_o they_o venture_v to_o spoil_v and_o waste_v the_o coââtrey_n thereabouts_o but_o pay_v very_o dear_a for_o their_o courage_n be_v accidental_o meet_v with_o they_o receive_v ãâã_d bloody_a overthrow_n have_v four_o of_o their_o prince_n slââ_n upon_o the_o spot_n and_o the_o rest_n very_o glad_a to_o make_v their_o âscape_n to_o the_o castle_n upon_o this_o alfred_n divide_v the_o riâââ_n into_o three_o stream_n by_o which_o stratagem_n the_o waâ_n become_v so_o diminish_v in_o the_o thames_n that_o the_o danâââ_n ship_n can_v not_o return_v back_o into_o the_o sea_n when_o tââ_n danes_n perceive_v this_o and_o find_v it_o impracticable_a ãâã_d they_o to_o escape_v in_o their_o ship_n they_o leave_v their_o wiâââ_n and_o child_n and_o all_o their_o effect_n in_o essex_n and_o ãâã_d pass_v by_o land_n to_o enadbryge_n upon_o the_o severn_n aââ_n then_o pass_v the_o river_n spoil_v the_o country_n ãâã_d brecknock_n gwentland_n and_o gwentlhwg_n some_o of_o the_o at_o the_o same_o time_n pass_v over_o to_o france_n and_o another_o company_n coast_v about_o devonshire_n destroy_v tââ_n maritime_a country_n but_o be_v meet_v with_o by_o the_o english_a a.d._n 897_o lose_v six_o of_o their_o ship_n in_o the_o dispute_n tââ_n follow_v summer_n the_o kingdom_n of_o ireland_n suffer_v extreme_o by_o locust_n who_o consume_v all_o the_o corn_n aââ_n the_o grass_n through_o the_o whole_a country_n but_o be_v ãâã_d length_n by_o continue_a prayer_n and_o fast_v quite_o destroy_v these_o be_v common_a in_o africa_n and_o other_o hot_a râgions_n but_o seldom_o see_v in_o cold_a climate_n and_o whââ_n they_o happen_v to_o travel_v so_o far_o they_o be_v always_o veââ_n pestilentious_a and_o destructive_a to_o that_o country_n thââ_n come_v to_o a.d._n 900_o this_o year_n igmond_n with_o a_o great_a number_n of_o danââ_n land_v in_o anglesey_n and_o be_v meet_v with_o by_o the_o welââ_n at_o a_o place_n call_v molerain_n where_o merfyn_n be_v slaiâ_n though_o other_o call_v it_o meilon_n and_o from_o the_o batâââ_n fight_v there_o maes_n rhô_v meilon_n the_o same_o yeââ_n king_n alfred_n die_v who_o translate_v the_o ancient_a law_n ãâã_d âyfnwall_n moelmut_n king_n of_o britain_n and_o the_o law_n ãâã_d queen_n marsia_n out_o of_o british_a into_o english_a and_o ââââd_v it_o marsian_a law_n which_o be_v afterward_o call_v âââst_n saxon_n law_n and_o observe_v in_o part_n of_o mercia_n âââh_v all_o the_o country_n on_o the_o south_n of_o thames_n the_o âââer_a part_n of_o the_o country_n have_v another_o law_n call_v âââe_a lex_n both_o which_o remain_v to_o the_o time_n of_o âââard_a the_o confessor_n who_o of_o these_o two_o make_v one_o ãâã_d it_o be_v very_o observable_a what_o be_v relate_v of_o king_n ââââed_v concern_v his_o division_n of_o the_o natural_a day_n inâââhree_a part_n the_o one_o he_o set_v apart_o for_o devotion_n and_o ââââdy_n the_o next_o for_o the_o affair_n of_o the_o commonwealth_n and_o the_o three_o for_o his_o own_o rest_n and_o refreshment_n alfr_v be_v dead_a edward_n his_o elder_a son_n take_v upâââim_v the_o crown_n which_o so_o displease_v the_o ambitious_a âââit_n of_o his_o brother_n adelwulph_n that_o present_o he_o raisââ_n a_o cruel_a war_n against_o he_o and_o fly_v to_o northumââââand_n stir_v up_o the_o dane_n against_o his_o brother_n âââard_n the_o dane_n be_v glad_a of_o the_o opportunity_n âââing_v now_o a_o fair_a pretence_n to_o render_v themselves_o ââsters_v of_o the_o whole_a island_n and_o therefore_o adelââph_n be_v make_v king_n as_o well_o of_o the_o angle_n as_o of_o the_o âââes_n who_o by_o this_o time_n be_v grow_v to_o be_v one_o peoâââ_n march_v then_o proud_o with_o a_o very_a considerable_a ââây_v at_o his_o heel_n he_o subdue_v the_o east_n saxon_n spoilââ_n the_o country_n of_o mercia_n and_o pass_v over_o the_o thames_n ârickland_n destroy_v brythend_n and_o return_v home_n âââh_v very_o great_a booty_n at_o the_o same_o time_n eun_v ãâã_d slay_v in_o arwystly_a but_o edward_n be_v inform_v of_o brother_n retreat_n pursue_v he_o very_o eager_o but_o âââsing_v of_o he_o overran_a and_o destroy_v all_o the_o counâââ_n betwixt_o ouse_n and_o the_o dike_n of_o s._n edmund_n and_o a_o return_v home_o with_o his_o whole_a army_n save_v the_o âââtish_a man_n who_o be_v too_o greedy_a of_o plunder_n rashâââarried_v behind_o for_o the_o dane_n perceive_v the_o boââ_n of_o the_o army_n to_o be_v return_v and_o that_o a_o small_a ââây_v still_o continue_v to_o ravage_v the_o country_n presentiment_o upon_o they_o slay_v a_o great_a number_n of_o they_o and_o ãâã_d the_o rest_n to_o a_o shameful_a flight_n nor_o be_v the_o dane_n only_o powerful_a in_o england_n but_o molest_v anâ_n a.d._n 905_o grow_v prevalent_a in_o ireland_n for_o this_o year_n they_o entââââ_n that_o kingdom_n slay_v carmot_n king_n and_o bishop_n of_o ãâã_d ireland_n a_o religious_a and_o a_o virtuous_a person_n the_o son_n ãâã_d cukeman_n and_o kyrnalt_a son_n of_o murgan_n king_n of_o lâgines_n a.d._n 906_o the_o year_n after_o die_v asser_n archbishop_n of_o s._n dâvids_n uncle_n to_o the_o famous_a and_o learned_a asser_n surname_v menevensis_n who_o be_v chancellor_n to_o his_o uncââ_n the_o archbishop_n be_v send_v for_o by_o king_n alfred_n to_o instruct_v his_o child_n who_o life_n he_o afterward_o wroââ_n and_o be_v make_v bishop_n of_o shireburn_n edward_n to_o force_v his_o brother_n from_o his_o countrâ_n and_o to_o revenge_v the_o death_n of_o the_o kentishman_n dispatch_v a_o army_n to_o northumberland_n which_o have_v spoil_v the_o country_n return_v home_o upon_o whiââ_n the_o dane_n to_o return_v their_o kindness_n destroy_v a_o greââ_n part_n of_o mercia_n but_o within_o a_o while_n after_o edwâââ_n have_v raise_v a_o very_a considerable_a army_n give_v tââ_n dane_n battle_n overthrow_v they_o and_o slay_v their_o kinââ_n alden_n and_o edelwulph_n with_o a_o great_a number_n of_o the_o noble_n this_o add_v very_o much_o to_o his_o dominionâ_n which_o be_v the_o more_o increase_v and_o strengthen_v ãâã_d the_o addition_n of_o the_o city_n of_o london_n and_o oxford_n which_o upon_o the_o death_n of_o edelred_n duke_n of_o merâââ_n edward_n seize_v into_o his_o own_o hand_n permit_v ãâã_d wife_n elfleda_n to_o enjoy_v the_o rest_n of_o his_o dukedom_n a.d._n 907_o short_o after_o cadelh_n prince_n of_o south_n wales_n diââ_n leave_v behind_o he_o three_o son_n howel_n dha_n or_o tââ_n good_a who_o succeed_v his_o father_n in_o the_o kingdom_n ãâã_d south_n wales_n meyric_n and_o clydawe_n king_n edwardââving_v ââving_z obtain_v so_o signal_n a_o victory_n over_o the_o dane_n aââ_n render_v his_o kingdom_n for_o some_o time_n quiet_a begin_v ãâã_d build_v place_n of_o strength_n which_o may_v be_v serviceabââ_n against_o a_o future_a storm_n he_o build_v a_o castle_n at_o hartforâ_n betwixt_o the_o river_n benefic_n minier_n and_o lige_n anâ_n also_o erect_v the_o burrow_n of_o wytham_n in_o essex_n anâ_n continue_v sometime_o in_o wealdyne_n to_o keep_v those_o â_z in_o awe_n but_o in_o spite_n of_o all_o this_o precaution_n thâ_n danes_n of_o leycester_n and_o hampton_n begin_v the_o follow_a year_n to_o be_v very_o troublesome_a slay_v a_o great_a number_n ãâã_d english_a at_o hotchnorton_n and_o in_o their_o return_n homâ_n âard_n destroy_v the_o country_n of_o oxford_n about_o the_o ââme_n time_n a_o considerable_a fleet_n from_o tydwike_n under_z ââe_z command_n of_o uther_n and_o rahald_v sail_v by_o the_o weââern_a sea_n to_o wales_n and_o destroy_v s._n david_n where_o âas_v fight_v the_o battle_n of_o dinarth_n and_o mayloc_n the_o âon_n of_o peredur_n gam_n be_v slay_v after_o this_o they_o enâââed_v a.d._n 911_o into_o herefordshire_n where_o they_o be_v
fight_v withââ_n and_o rahald_v be_v slay_v and_o the_o rest_n compel_v to_o ââswear_v the_o king_n land_n and_o never_o to_o return_v any_o âore_o to_o england_n king_n edward_n to_o prevent_v any_o fuââre_a disturbance_n from_o such_o open_a invader_n cause_v a_o âârong_a army_n to_o be_v quarter_v upon_o the_o south_n side_n of_o ââvern_n but_o the_o dane_n for_o all_o he_o can_v do_v enter_v ââvice_n into_o his_o country_n once_o at_o werd_n and_o then_o at_o âortogan_n but_o be_v both_o time_n overthrow_v by_o the_o ânglish_fw-fr from_o thence_o they_o depart_v to_o the_o isle_n of_o ââepen_v whence_o they_o be_v force_v by_o hunger_n to_o sail_v to_o âouth_n wales_n intend_v to_o make_v a_o considerable_a prey_n of_o âhat_n country_n but_o fail_v of_o their_o aim_n they_o be_v constrain_v to_o make_v the_o best_a of_o their_o way_n for_o ireland_n but_o the_o next_o year_n a_o party_n of_o dane_n fight_v a_o very_a âevere_a battle_n with_o the_o kentish-man_n at_o holm_n but_o which_o of_o they_o obtain_v the_o victory_n be_v not_o certain_o âeported_v about_o the_o same_o time_n anarawd_n prince_n of_o a.d._n 913_o north_n wales_n died_z leave_v behind_o he_o two_o son_n edwal_n foel_n and_o elis_n and_o some_o say_v a_o three_o name_v meyric_n edwal_n foel_n after_o the_o death_n of_o anarawd_n his_o elder_a son_n edwal_n foel_n take_v upon_o he_o the_o government_n of_o north-wales_n howel_n dha_n hold_v the_o principality_n of_o southwales_n and_o powis_n at_o what_o time_n a_o terrible_a comet_n appear_v in_o the_o heaven_n the_o same_o year_n the_o city_n of_o chester_n which_o have_v be_v destroy_v by_o the_o dane_n be_v by_o the_o procurement_n of_o elfleda_n new_o build_v and_o repair_v as_o the_o ancient_a record_n of_o that_o city_n do_v ââstifie_v this_o in_o the_o ancient_a copy_n be_v call_v leycestââ_n by_o a_o easy_a mistake_n for_o legecestria_fw-la or_o chester_n callââ_n by_o the_o roman_n legionum_fw-la cestria_fw-la the_o next_o summer_n the_o man_n of_o dublin_n cruel_o destroy_v the_o isle_n ãâã_d anglesey_n and_o soon_o after_o clydawe_n the_o son_n of_o caâââ_n be_v unnatural_o slay_v by_o his_o brother_n meyric_n about_o tââ_n same_o time_n that_o the_o dane_n receive_v a_o cruel_a overthroââ_n by_o the_o english_a at_o tottenhale_n but_o elfleda_n do_v ãâã_d long_o survive_v the_o rebuild_n of_o the_o city_n of_o chester_n a_o woman_n of_o singular_a virtue_n and_o one_o that_o greaâââ_n strengthen_v the_o kingdom_n of_o mercia_n by_o build_v of_o town_n and_o castle_n against_o the_o incursion_n of_o tââ_n danes_n as_o strengat_fw-la and_o bruge_n by_o the_o forest_n ãâã_d morph_n tamworth_n stafford_n edelburgh_n cherenburgâ_n wadeburgh_n and_o runcofe_n after_o this_o she_o enter_v wââ_n her_o whole_a army_n into_o wales_n wan_a brecknock_n ãâã_d take_v the_o queen_n with_o 33_o of_o her_o man_n prisoner_n which_v in_o welch_n be_v call_v gwaith_n y_o ddinas_fw-la newydh_n ãâã_d the_o battle_n of_o the_o new_a 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his_o day_n the_o summer_n that_o same_o year_n prove_v so_o immoderate_o hot_a that_o it_o cause_v a_o very_a dismal_a plague_n in_o the_o follow_a spring_n which_o sweep_v away_o a_o great_a number_n of_o people_n before_o which_o gwgan_n the_o son_n of_o gwyriad_n the_o son_n of_o roderie_n die_v at_o this_o time_n jevaf_a and_o jago_n forcible_o manage_v the_o government_n of_o all_o wales_n and_o act_v according_a to_o their_o own_o good_a pleasure_n no_o one_o dare_v to_o confront_v or_o resist_v they_o but_o for_o all_o their_o power_n the_o son_n of_o abloio_n king_n of_o ireland_n venture_v to_o land_n in_o anglesey_n and_o have_v burn_v holyhead_n waste_v the_o country_n of_o lhyn_n also_o the_o son_n of_o edwin_n the_o son_n of_o colhoyn_n destroy_v and_o ravage_v all_o the_o country_n to_o a.d._n 961_o towyn_n where_o they_o be_v intercept_v and_o slay_v about_o the_o same_o time_n die_v meyric_n the_o son_n of_o cadfan_n rytherch_n bishop_n of_o s._n david_n and_o cadwalhon_n ap_fw-mi owen_n not_o long_o after_o the_o country_n of_o north-wales_n be_v cruel_o a.d._n 965_o waste_v by_o the_o army_n of_o edgar_n king_n of_o england_n the_o occasion_n of_o which_o invasion_n be_v the_o nonpayment_n of_o the_o tribute_n that_o the_o king_n of_o aberffraw_n by_o the_o law_n of_o howel_n dha_n be_v oblige_v to_o pay_v to_o the_o king_n of_o london_n but_o at_o length_n a_o peace_n be_v conclude_v upon_o these_o condition_n that_o the_o prince_n of_o north-wales_n instead_o of_o money_n shall_v pay_v to_o the_o king_n of_o england_n the_o tribute_n of_o 300_o wolf_n yearly_a which_o creature_n be_v then_o very_o pernicious_a and_o destructive_a to_o england_n and_o wales_n this_o tribure_n be_v due_o perform_v for_o two_o year_n the_o three_o year_n there_o be_v none_o to_o be_v find_v in_o any_o part_n of_o the_o island_n so_o that_o afterward_o the_o prince_n of_o north-wales_n become_v exempt_a from_o pay_v any_o acknowledgement_n to_o the_o king_n of_o england_n a.d._n 966_o the_o terror_n apprehend_v from_o the_o english_a be_v by_o these_o mean_v vanish_v there_o threaten_v another_o cloud_n from_o ireland_n for_o the_o irish_a be_v animate_v by_o their_o late_a expedition_n land_v again_o in_o anglesey_n and_o have_v slay_v roderic_n the_o son_n of_o edwal_n foel_n they_o destroy_v aboffraw_n and_o this_o danger_n be_v over_o jevaf_a and_o a.d._n 967_o âago_n who_o have_v joint_o and_o agreeable_o till_o now_o manage_v the_o government_n of_o wales_n from_o the_o death_n of_o howel_n âha_n begin_v to_o quarrel_n and_o disagree_v among_o themselves_o and_o jago_n have_v forcible_o lay_v hand_n upon_o his_o brother_n ãâã_d confine_v he_o to_o perpetual_a imprisonment_n these_o heat_n and_o animosity_n between_o the_o two_o brother_n a.d._n 968_o give_v occasion_n and_o opportunity_n to_o owen_n prince_n of_o south-wales_n to_o carve_v for_o himself_o who_o present_o seize_v to_o his_o hand_n the_o country_n of_o gwyr_n and_o to_o a.d._n 969_o augment_v the_o misery_n of_o the_o welsh_a at_o this_o time_n mactus_fw-la the_o son_n of_o harold_n with_o a_o army_n of_o dane_n entere_v the_o isle_n of_o anglescy_n and_o spoil_v penmon_n king_n edgar_z be_v so_o indulgent_a to_o these_o dane_n that_o he_o permit_v they_o to_o inhabit_v through_o all_o england_n insomuch_o that_o at_o length_n they_o become_v to_o be_v as_o numerous_a ând_n as_o strong_a as_o the_o english_a themselves_o and_o fall_v into_o âuch_n lewd_a course_n of_o debauchery_n and_o such_o horrid_a drink_v that_o very_o great_a mischief_n ensue_v thereupon_o the_o king_n to_o reform_v this_o immoderate_a sottishness_n enact_v a_o law_n that_o very_o one_o shall_v drink_v by_o measure_n and_o so_o stamp_v a_o mark_n upon_o every_o vessel_n how_o ââat_a it_o shall_v be_v fill_v but_o harold_n have_v take_v pennon_n a.d._n 970_o make_v subject_n to_o himself_o the_o whole_a isle_n of_o anglesey_n which_o however_o he_o do_v not_o keep_v long_o be_v force_v to_o quit_v the_o same_o and_o to_o return_v home_o as_o do_v the_o fleet_n of_o king_n alfred_n which_o he_o have_v send_v to_o subdue_v caârlheon_n upon_o vsc_n and_o now_o be_v rid_v of_o the_o a.d._n 971_o english_a and_o dane_n the_o welsh_a begin_v to_o raise_v commotion_n among_o themselves_o jevaf_fw-mi continue_v still_o in_o prison_n a.d._n 972_o to_o rescue_v who_o his_o son_n howel_n raise_v his_o power_n and_o march_v against_o his_o uncle_n jago_n who_o be_v vanquish_v in_o sight_n be_v force_v to_o quit_v the_o country_n to_o âave_n himself_o howel_n have_v win_v the_o day_n take_v his_o elder_a uncle_n meyric_n the_o son_n of_o edwal_n prisoner_n and_o pull_v out_o both_o his_o eye_n clap_v he_o in_o prison_n where_o in_o a_o woeful_a condition_n he_o short_o die_v leave_v behind_o he_o two_o son_n edwal_n and_o jonafal_n the_o first_o of_o which_o live_v to_o be_v afterward_o prince_n of_o wales_n and_o to_o revenge_v upon_o the_o posterity_n of_o howel_n that_o unnatural_a barbarity_n show_v to_o his_o father_n but_o though_o howel_n deliver_v his_o father_n from_o his_o long_a and_o tedious_a imprisonment_n yet_o he_o do_v not_o think_v fit_a to_o restore_v he_o to_o his_o principality_n for_o whether_o by_o age_n or_o infirmity_n he_o be_v incapable_a howel_n take_v upon_o he_o the_o sole_a government_n of_o wales_n which_o he_o keep_v and_o maintain_v for_o his_o life-time_n but_o afterward_o it_o descend_v to_o his_o brethren_n for_o jevaf_n have_v issue_n beside_o this_o howel_n meyric_n iâvaf_n and_o cadwalhan_n all_o three_o man_n of_o great_a repuââ_n and_o esteem_n about_o this_o time_n die_v morgan_n hên_o in_o his_o young_a day_n call_v morgan_z mawr_z be_v a_o hundred_o yearâ_n old_a have_v live_v fifty_o year_n after_o the_o death_n of_o hââ_n wife_n elen_n daughter_n of_o roderic_n the_o great_a by_o whoâ_n he_o have_v one_o son_n call_v owen_n morgan_z be_v a_o valiant_a anâ_n a_o victorious_a prince_n and_o well_o belove_v of_o his_o subject_n ãâã_d but_o sometime_o before_o his_o death_n owen_n the_o son_n oâ_n prince_n howel_n dha_n lay_v claim_n to_o ystradwy_n and_o eây_n call_v the_o two_o sleeve_n of_o gwent_n vwchcoed_n be_v thâ_n right_o of_o morgan_n and_o seize_v upon_o they_o to_o his_o owâ_n use_v but_o the_o matter_n through_o the_o mediation_n of_o the_o clergy_n and_o nobility_n be_v by_o both_o party_n refer_v to_o the_o decision_n of_o edgar_n king_n of_o england_n it_o be_v by_o he_o adjudge_v that_o the_o say_v land_n do_v of_o right_o belong_v to_o morgan_n and_o to_o the_o diocese_n of_o lhandaff_n and_o that_o owen_n ap_fw-mi howel_n dha_n have_v wrongful_o possess_v himself_o of_o they_o the_o charter_n of_o the_o say_a award_n waâ_n make_v before_o the_o archbishop_n bishop_n earl_n and_o baron_n of_o england_n and_o wales_n at_n may_v be_v see_v at_o lhandaff_n in_o a_o old_a manuscript_n call_v y_o cwtta_n cyfarwydd_n ãâã_d forgannwg_n and_o there_o be_v somewhat_o to_o the_o same_o purpose_n in_o the_o old_a book_n of_o lhandaff_n only_o the_o mistake_n in_o both_o be_v that_o they_o make_v howel_n dha_n the_o intruder_n into_o the_o say_a land_n who_o have_v be_v dead_a at_o least_o twenty_o year_n before_o king_n edgar_n begin_v his_o reign_n howel_n ap_fw-mi jevaf_fw-mi howel_n after_o that_o he_o have_v expel_v his_o uncle_n jago_n and_o force_v he_o to_o quit_v his_o own_o dominion_n ââok_v upon_o himself_o the_o government_n of_o wales_n in_o ââght_n of_o his_o father_n who_o though_o alive_a yet_o by_o reason_n of_o ââs_o year_n be_v willing_a to_o decline_v it_o about_o the_o same_o ãâã_d dwnwalhon_n prince_n of_o stradclwyd_n take_v his_o journey_n for_o rome_n and_o edwalhon_n son_n of_o owen_n prince_n âf_n south-wales_n die_v but_o the_o english_a receive_v a_o ââeater_a blow_n by_o the_o death_n of_o king_n edgar_n who_o be_v prince_n of_o
haviââ_n destroy_v st_n david_n lhanbadarn_n lhanrhystyd_n lhaâdydoch_n and_o several_a other_o religious_a place_n the_o country_n be_v so_o cruel_o harass_v and_o weaken_v that_o prince_n meredith_n be_v force_v to_o compound_v with_o they_o and_o ãâã_d a.d._n 988_o pay_v a_o tribute_n of_o one_o penny_n for_o every_o person_n withââ_n his_o dominion_n which_o in_o welsh_a be_v call_v glwmaâ_n otherwise_o the_o tribute_n of_o the_o black_a army_n anâ_n ireland_n too_o at_o this_o time_n receive_v no_o inconsiderablâ_n blow_v from_o the_o dane_n who_o slay_v elwmaen_n the_o son_n ãâã_d abloic_a king_n of_o the_o country_n and_o so_o spoil_v and_o ravage_v that_o kingdom_n that_o a_o great_a number_n of_o the_o naâtives_n perish_v by_o famine_n a.d._n 989_o the_o year_n follow_v owen_n the_o son_n of_o dyfnwal_n a_o maâ_n of_o a_o considerable_a note_n and_o reputation_n among_o the_o welsh_a be_v slay_v beside_o which_o nothing_o remarkable_a happen_v this_o year_n but_o the_o next_o year_n edwin_n ap_fw-mi eineon_n whâ_n be_v right_a heir_n to_o the_o principality_n of_o south-wales_a have_v draw_v to_o his_o help_n a_o great_a army_n of_o english_a a.d._n 990_o ând_a dane_n hostible_o enter_v into_o meredith_n country_n spoil_v all_o the_o land_n of_o cardigan_n dyfe_v gwyr_n kydâely_a and_o st._n david_n and_o receive_v hostage_n of_o the_o chief_a person_n of_o those_o country_n to_o own_v he_o as_o their_o rightful_a prince_n to_o return_v these_o outrage_n upon_o edwin_n meredith_n destroy_v the_o town_n of_o radnor_n spoil_v a.d._n 991_o glamorgan_n and_o carry_v the_o chief_a man_n therein_o prisoner_n who_o pay_v their_o ransom_n be_v set_v at_o liberty_n but_o whilâ_n wales_n be_v in_o this_o totter_a conâition_n and_o scarce_o any_o place_n free_a from_o hostility_n it_o happy_o fall_v out_o that_o meredith_n and_o edwin_n be_v make_v friend_n and_o the_o difference_n compose_v between_o they_o âo_z that_o the_o english_a and_o dane_n who_o come_v in_o with_o edwin_n ând_v who_o expect_v to_o fare_v best_a by_o these_o civil_a disturbance_n of_o the_o welsh_a be_v unexpected_o cashier_v and_o send_v home_o and_o soon_o after_o this_o agreement_n cadwalhon_n the_o only_a son_n of_o meredith_n die_v which_o render_v the_o composition_n between_o meredith_n and_o edwin_n more_o firm_a by_o reason_n that_o this_o latter_a thought_n now_o without_o any_o dispute_n to_o succeed_v meredith_n in_o his_o principality_n but_o this_o fall_v short_a of_o his_o aim_n for_o meredith_n be_v very_o much_o disturb_v in_o south-wales_n have_v âo_o much_o work_v upon_o his_o hand_n to_o defend_v that_o country_n that_o he_o leave_v north-wales_n open_a and_o expose_v to_o the_o common_a enemy_n which_o the_o dane_n be_v quick_o acquaint_v with_o and_o so_o land_v in_o anglesây_n they_o ravage_v and_o lay_v waste_v the_o whole_a island_n the_o north-wales_n man_n find_v themselves_o thus_o forsake_v by_o meredith_n and_o their_o country_n like_o to_o be_v overrun_v by_o the_o dane_n if_o not_o timely_o prevent_v set_v up_o edwal_n the_o son_n a.d._n 992_o of_o meyric_n the_o indisputable_a heir_n of_o north-wales_n though_o long_o keep_v from_o it_o and_o own_v he_o for_o their_o prince_n but_o those_o incessant_a war_n and_o commotion_n in_o south-wales_n occasion_v a_o very_a dismal_a famine_n and_o scarcity_n in_o the_o country_n of_o which_o a_o very_a considerable_a number_n of_o people_n perish_v and_o thus_o meredith_n who_o have_v once_o conquer_v north-wales_n and_o for_o a_o long_a time_n have_v get_v possession_n of_o south-wales_n without_o any_o right_a or_o title_n to_o either_o be_v now_o oblige_v to_o relinquish_v the_o one_o and_o be_v scarce_o able_a to_o maintain_v the_o other_o edwal_n ap_fw-mi meyric_n a.d._n 993_o edwal_n after_o a_o long_a and_o tedious_a expectation_n be_v now_o joyful_o receive_v by_o the_o north-wales_n man_n for_o their_o prince_n endeavour_v the_o first_o thing_n to_o defend_v his_o subject_n from_o the_o injury_n and_o depredation_n they_o receive_v from_o the_o dane_n and_o have_v in_o a_o measure_n effect_v that_o he_o be_v accost_v by_o another_o enemy_n for_o meredith_n be_v resolve_v to_o revenge_n the_o indignity_n and_o disgrace_n put_v upon_o he_o by_o the_o north-wales_n man_n in_o deprive_v he_o of_o the_o government_n of_o their_o country_n gather_v and_o muster_v together_o all_o his_o power_n intend_v to_o recover_v again_o that_o principality_n be_v advance_v as_o far_o as_o lhangwm_n edwal_n meet_v he_o and_o in_o plain_a battle_n rout_v his_o army_n in_o which_o action_n theodor_n or_o tewdor_n mawr_z meredith_n nephew_n be_v slay_v leave_v behind_o he_o two_o son_n rhys_n and_o rytherch_n and_o a_o daughter_n name_v elen._n but_o it_o be_v probable_a that_o it_o be_v not_o tewdor_n mawr_z but_o his_o brother_n edwin_n that_o be_v slay_v in_o this_o battle_n which_o also_o seem_v rather_o to_o have_v be_v fight_v at_o hengwm_n in_o ardudwy_n in_o merion_v shire_n than_o at_o lhangwm_n for_o in_o that_o place_n there_o be_v to_o this_o day_n certain_a monument_n of_o victory_n to_o be_v see_v as_o heap_n of_o stone_n tombstone_n and_o column_n which_o they_o call_v carneddi_n hengwm_n edwal_n return_v home_o triumphant_o after_o this_o victory_n think_v he_o have_v now_o secure_v himself_o in_o his_o government_n and_o expect_v to_o enjoy_v his_o dominion_n quiet_o and_o without_o any_o molestation_n but_o he_o have_v scarce_o recover_v the_o fatigue_n of_o the_o last_o engagement_n when_o swain_n the_o son_n of_o harold_n have_v late_o pillage_v and_o waste_v the_o isle_n of_o man_n land_v in_o north-wales_n who_o edwal_n endeavour_v to_o oppose_v be_v slay_v in_o the_o encounter_n leave_v one_o son_n behind_o he_o called_z jago_z within_o a_o while_n after_o the_o dane_n return_v again_o against_o st._n david_n and_o destroy_v all_o before_o they_o with_o fire_n and_o sword_n slay_v morgency_n or_o vrgeney_n bishop_n of_o that_o diocese_n prince_n meredith_n be_v high_o concern_v at_o the_o mischief_n these_o barbarous_a people_n continual_o do_v to_o his_o country_n and_o the_o more_o because_o he_o be_v not_o able_a to_o âepel_v their_o insolence_n out_o of_o grief_n and_o vexation_n die_v have_v issue_n one_o only_a daughter_n name_v angharad_n who_o be_v twice_o marry_v first_o to_o lhewelyn_n ap_fw-mi sitsylhe_fw-mi and_o after_o his_o death_n to_o confyn_n hirdref_n or_o âas_v other_o think_v to_o confyn_n ap_fw-mi gwerystan_n she_o have_v child_n by_o both_o husband_n which_o occasion_v afterward_o great_a disturbance_n and_o civil_a commotion_n in_o wales_n the_o issue_n of_o both_o adventure_n pretend_v a_o right_a of_o succession_n to_o the_o principality_n of_o south-wales_n aedan_n ap_fw-mi blegorad_n edwal_n prince_n of_o north-wales_n be_v kill_v in_o the_o battle_n against_o swain_n and_o have_v no_o other_o issue_n âhan_fw-mi jago_n who_o be_v a_o minor_a and_o too_o young_a to_o take_v upon_o he_o the_o government_n and_o meredith_n prince_n of_o south-wales_n die_v without_o any_o other_o issue_n than_o a_o daughter_n cause_v very_o heavy_a quarrel_n and_o contention_n among_o the_o welsh_a several_a without_o any_o colour_n of_o right_n put_v in_o their_o claim_n and_o pretension_n to_o the_o government_n in_o north-wales_n conan_n the_o son_n a.d._n 1003_o of_o howel_n and_o aedan_n the_o son_n of_o blegorad_n be_v the_o chief_a aspirer_n to_o that_o principality_n and_o because_o they_o can_v not_o agree_v who_o shall_v be_v the_o man_n they_o fair_o consent_v to_o try_v the_o matter_n in_o open_a field_n where_o conan_n have_v the_o misfortune_n to_o be_v slay_v and_o so_o aedan_n be_v victorious_o proclaim_v prince_n of_o noâth_n wales_n but_o who_o this_o aedan_n be_v descend_v from_o or_o what_o colour_n or_o pretence_n he_o can_v lay_v to_o this_o principality_n can_v be_v as_o much_o as_o guess_v at_o there_o be_v none_o of_o that_o name_n to_o be_v meet_v with_o in_o any_o welsh_a record_n except_v that_o blegorad_n who_o be_v mention_v in_o the_o lyre_n of_o howel_n dha_n who_o estate_n and_o quality_n be_v too_o mean_a that_o his_o posterity_n shall_v lay_v any_o claim_n to_o the_o principality_n of_o wales_n but_o be_v that_o how_o it_o will_v aedâ_n after_o his_o victory_n over_o conan_n ap_fw-mi howel_n be_v own_v prince_n by_o the_o north-wales_n man_n over_o who_o he_o bear_v rule_n for_o the_o space_n of_o twelve_o year_n though_o beside_o his_o conquest_n of_o conan_n ap_fw-mi howel_n there_o be_v nothing_o record_v of_o he_o except_v his_o be_v slay_v together_o with_o his_o four_o son_n by_o lhewelyn_n ap_fw-mi sitsylhe_fw-mi but_o whilst_o the_o welsh_a be_v in_o this_o inconstant_a and_o unsettled_a condition_n the_o scot_n in_o ireland_n begin_v to_o grow_v powerful_a and_o have_v destroy_v the_o town_n and_o country_n of_o develyn_n they_o take_v gulfath_o and_o vbiad_n two_o irish_a lord_n prisoner_n who_o eye_n they_o most_o
âanes_n pass_v from_o thence_o to_o cambridge_n they_o meet_v âith_n ethelstan_n king_n edelred_n nephew_n by_o his_o sister_n who_o with_o a_o army_n be_v come_v to_o oppose_v they_o but_o the_o dane_n prove_v too_o powerful_a he_o with_o many_o other_o nobleman_n be_v slay_v among_o who_o be_v duke_n oswyn_n and_o the_o earl_n edwin_n and_o wolfrike_n from_o hence_o they_o pass_v through_o essex_n leave_v no_o manner_n of_o cruelty_n and_o barbarity_n unpractised_a and_o return_v lade_v with_o booty_n to_o their_o ship_n which_o lie_v in_o the_o a.d._n 1010_o thames_n but_o they_o can_v not_o contain_v themselves_o long_o in_o their_o vessel_n and_o therefore_o sally_v out_o they_o pass_v by_o the_o river_n side_n to_o oxford_n which_o they_o ransack_v over_o again_o add_v to_o their_o prey_n buckingham_n bedford_z hartford_n and_o northamptonshire_n and_o have_v accomplish_v that_o year_n cruelty_n at_o christmas_n they_o return_v to_o their_o ship_n yet_o the_o prey_n of_o the_o country_n from_o the_o trent_n southward_o will_v not_o satisfy_v these_o unmerciful_a barbarian_n but_o as_o soon_o as_o the_o season_n a.d._n 1011_o give_v they_o leave_v to_o peep_v out_o of_o their_o den_n they_o lay_v siege_n to_o the_o city_n of_o canterbury_n which_o be_v deliver_v up_o by_o the_o treachery_n of_o almarez_n the_o archdeacon_n be_v condemn_v to_o blood_n and_o ash_n and_o alfegoâ_n the_o archbishop_n carry_v prisoner_n to_o the_o danish_a fleet_n where_o he_o be_v at_o length_n most_o cruel_o put_v to_o death_n a.d._n 1012_o the_o next_o year_n swain_n king_n of_o denmark_n come_v up_o the_o humber_n and_o land_v at_o gainesborow_n whither_o repair_v to_o he_o vthrâd_a earl_n of_o northumberland_n with_o his_o people_n the_o inhabitant_n of_o lindsey_n with_o all_o thâ_n country_n northward_o of_o watling-street_n be_v a_o highway_n cross_v from_o the_o east_n to_o the_o west_n sea_n and_o give_v their_o oath_n and_o hostage_n to_o obey_v he_o whereupon_o king_n swain_n perceive_v his_o undertake_n to_o prove_v ãâã_d fortunate_a beyond_o expectation_n commit_v the_o care_n oâ_n his_o fleet_n to_o his_o son_n cnute_n and_o march_v himself_o ãâã_d to_o oxford_n and_o then_o to_o winchester_n which_o citieâ_n whether_o for_o fear_n of_o further_a calamity_n ready_o acknowledge_v he_o for_o their_o king_n from_o thence_o hâ_n march_v for_o london_n where_o king_n edelred_n then_o layâ_n and_o which_o be_v so_o stout_o defend_v by_o the_o citizen_n that_o he_o be_v like_a to_o effect_v nothing_o against_o that_o town_n and_o therefore_o he_o direct_v his_o course_n to_o wallingforâ_n and_o bath_n where_o the_o principal_a man_n of_o west-saxon_a yield_v he_o subjection_n the_o londoner_n too_o at_o last_o âearing_v his_o fury_n and_o displeasure_n make_v their_o peace_n ând_v send_v he_o hostage_n which_o city_n be_v receive_v to_o âercy_n swain_n from_o that_o time_n be_v account_v king_n of_o âll_a england_n king_n edelred_n perceive_v all_o his_o astair_n ân_v england_n to_o go_v against_o he_o and_o his_o authority_n and_o government_n reduce_v to_o so_o narrow_a a_o compass_n have_v send_v his_o queen_n with_o his_o two_o son_n edward_n and_o alfred_n âo_o normandy_n he_o think_v convenient_a within_o a_o while_n âfter_o to_o follow_v himself_o be_v honourable_o receive_v by_o his_o brother_n in_o law_n richard_n he_o have_v not_o be_v there_o âong_o but_o news_n arrive_v of_o the_o death_n of_o swain_n and_o that_o he_o be_v desire_v by_o the_o english_a to_o return_v to_o his_o kingdom_n be_v animate_v and_o comfort_v with_o this_o surprise_a news_n he_o set_v forward_o with_o a_o great_a army_n âor_a england_n and_o land_v at_o lyndsey_n he_o cruel_o harass_v that_o province_n by_o reason_n that_o it_o have_v own_a subjection_n to_o cnute_n the_o son_n of_o swain_n who_o the_o danesâad_a âad_z elect_a king_n in_o his_o father_n stead_n king_n cnute_n be_v at_o ipswich_n and_o certify_v of_o the_o arrival_n of_o king_n edelred_n and_o the_o devastation_n of_o lyndsey_n fear_v that_o âis_n authority_n be_v go_v down_o the_o wind_n barbarous_o cut_v off_o the_o hand_n and_o nose_n of_o all_o the_o hostage_n he_o receive_v from_o the_o english_a and_o present_o strike_v sail_n for_o denmark_n and_o whilst_o england_n be_v in_o this_o general_a confusion_n there_o fall_v out_o no_o less_o a_o storm_n in_o ireland_n for_o brian_n king_n of_o that_o island_n and_o his_o son_n murâth_v with_o other_o king_n of_o the_o country_n subject_n to_o âârian_n join_v their_o force_n against_o sutric_n the_o son_n of_o aâloic_a king_n of_o dublin_n and_o mailmorda_n king_n of_o lagoâes_n sutric_n be_v of_o himself_o too_o weak_a to_o encounter_v so_o numerous_a a_o multitude_n hire_v all_o the_o pirate_n and_o rover_n who_o cruise_v upon_o the_o sea_n and_o then_o give_v brian_n battle_n who_o with_o his_o son_n murcath_n be_v slay_v and_o on_o the_o other_o side_n maihnorda_fw-mi and_o broderic_n general_n of_o the_o auxiliary_n but_o cnute_n though_o he_o be_v in_o a_o manner_n force_v to_o a.d._n 1013_o forsake_v england_n upon_o the_o recall_v of_o king_n edelred_n yet_o he_o do_v not_o abandon_v all_o his_o pretence_n to_o the_o kingdom_n and_o therefore_o the_o next_o year_n he_o come_v to_o renew_v his_o claim_n and_o land_v with_o a_o strong_a fleet_n in_o west-âex_a where_o he_o exercise_v very_o great_a hostility_n to_o prevent_v his_o incursion_n edric_n and_o edmund_n bastard-son_n to_o edelred_n raise_v their_o force_n separately_z bââ_n when_o both_o army_n be_v unite_v they_o dare_v not_o whâther_o for_o fear_n or_o the_o dissension_n of_o the_o two_o general_n fight_v with_o the_o dane_n edmund_z therefore_o pass_v to_o the_o north_n and_o join_v with_o vthred_a duke_n of_o northumberland_n and_o both_o together_o descend_v and_o spoil_v stafford_n leicester_n and_o shropshire_n on_o the_o other_o side_n cnute_n march_v forcible_o through_o buckingham_n bedford_z huntingtonshire_n and_o so_o by_o stafford_n pass_v towards_o york_n whither_o vthred_n hasten_v and_o find_v ãâã_d other_o remedy_n submit_v himself_o with_o all_o the_o northumbrian_n to_o cnute_n give_v hostage_n for_o the_o performance_n of_o what_o they_o then_o agree_v upon_o but_o nevertheless_o this_o submission_n vthr_v be_v treacherous_o slay_v not_o without_o the_o permission_n of_o cnute_n and_o hiâ_n dukedom_n bestow_v upon_o one_o egrick_n a_o dane_n whereupon_o edmund_n leave_v they_o and_o go_v to_o his_o father_n whâ_n lay_v sick_a at_o london_n cnute_n return_v to_o his_o ship_n present_o follow_v and_o sail_v up_o the_o thames_n towards_o london_n but_o before_o he_o can_v draw_v nigh_o the_o city_n king_n edelred_n be_v dead_a have_v prolong_v a_o long_a and_o troublesome_a reign_n for_o thirty_o seven_o year_n after_o his_o decease_n the_o english_a nobility_n choose_v his_o base_a son_n edmund_n for_o his_o eminent_a strength_n and_o hardiness_n in_o war_n surname_v ironside_n for_o their_o king_n upon_o this_o cnuââ_n bring_v his_o whole_a fleet_n up_o the_o river_n to_o london_n and_o have_v cut_v a_o deep_a trench_n round_o about_o the_o town_n invest_v it_o on_o all_o side_n but_o be_v valourous_o repulse_v by_o the_o defendant_n he_o detach_v the_o best_a part_n of_o his_o army_n to_o fight_v with_o edmund_n who_o be_v march_v to_o raise_v the_o siege_n and_o both_o army_n come_v to_o battle_n at_o proman_n by_o gillingham_n cnute_n with_o his_o dane_n be_v put_v to_o flight_n but_o as_o soon_o as_o time_n and_o opportunity_n will_v give_v he_o leave_v to_o increase_v his_o force_n cnute_n give_v edmund_n a_o second_o battle_n at_o caerstane_n but_o edric_n almar_n and_o algar_n underhand_o side_v with_o the_o dane_n edmund_n be_v hard_o put_v to_o it_o to_o maintain_v the_o fight_n obstinate_o till_o night_n and_o weariness_n part_v they_o both_o army_n have_v sufficient_o suffer_v in_o this_o action_n edmund_n go_v to_o west-sex_n to_o reinforce_v himself_o and_o the_o dane_n return_v to_o the_o siege_n of_o london_n where_o edmundââickly_o ââickly_z follow_v raise_v the_o siege_n and_o force_v cnuteââd_v ââd_z his_o dane_n confuse_o to_o betake_v themselves_o to_o their_o ââips_n and_o then_o enter_v triumphant_o into_o the_o city_n too_o day_n after_o pass_v the_o thames_n at_o brentford_n he_o ââll_v upon_o the_o enemy_n back_n by_o which_o lucky_a opportunity_n obtain_v a_o considerable_a victory_n he_o return_v âgain_o to_o raise_v recruit_n among_o the_o westsaxons_a cnute_n ââon_n edmund_n removal_n appear_v again_o before_o lonâân_n and_o invest_v it_o by_o land_n and_o water_n but_o all_o in_o ââin_n the_o besiege_v so_o manful_o and_o resolute_o defend_v themselves_o that_o it_o be_v impracticable_a to_o master_v ââe_z town_n before_o edmund_n can_v come_v to_o the_o relief_n of_o ãâã_d and_o this_o they_o present_o experience_v for_o edmund_n ââter_v have_v augment_v his_o force_n cross_v again_o the_o âhames_n
at_o brentford_n and_o come_v to_o kent_n in_o pursuit_n of_o ânute_n who_o upon_o engage_v be_v so_o shameful_o defeat_v at_o first_o and_o his_o man_n put_v to_o that_o terrible_a flight_n that_o âere_z want_v nothing_o of_o a_o full_a and_o absolute_a victory_n âât_v the_o true_a loyalty_n of_o the_o traitor_n edric_n who_o perceive_v the_o victory_n to_o incline_v to_o edmund_n and_o the_o âanes_n like_v to_o receive_v their_o mortal_a and_o final_a blow_n ââyed_v aloud_o flee_v engle_n flee_v engle_n edmund_n be_v dead_a ând_v thereupon_o flee_v with_o that_o part_n of_o the_o army_n under_o ââs_o command_v leave_v the_o king_n overpower_a with_o âumber_n by_o this_o desertion_n the_o english_a be_v at_o the_o ââst_n overthrow_v and_o a_o great_a number_n slay_v among_o âhom_n be_v duke_n edmund_n duke_n alfric_n duke_n godâyn_n and_o vlfkettel_n the_o valiant_a duke_n of_o the_o east-angles_a together_o with_o all_o the_o english_a cavalry_n and_o a_o ââeat_a part_n of_o the_o nobility_n after_o this_o victory_n cnuteâarched_v âarched_z triumphant_o to_o london_n and_o be_v crown_v king_n but_o edmund_n prepare_v to_o try_v his_o fortune_n in_o anâther_n field_n muster_v together_o all_o the_o force_n he_o can_v ând_v meeting_n with_o cnute_n in_o gloucestershire_n intend_v âo_o give_v he_o battle_n but_o consider_v what_o cruel_a and_o ânnatural_a bloodshed_n have_v already_o happen_v both_o general_o agree_v to_o put_v a_o end_n to_o this_o tedious_a quarrel_n by_o âângle_a combat_n and_o the_o place_n be_v appoint_v edmundând_a ând_z cnute_n fall_v to_o it_o very_o vigorous_o till_o at_o last_o cnuteâerceiving_v âerceiving_z it_o impracticable_a to_o vanquish_v a_o man_n of_o iron_n sides_n lay_v down_o his_o weapon_n move_v this_o composition_n to_o divide_v the_o kingdom_n fair_o betwixt_o they_o edmund_n be_v not_o displease_v at_o the_o offer_n and_o therefore_o both_o party_n submit_v to_o this_o decision_n that_o edmund_n shall_v rule_v the_o westsaxons_a and_o the_o south_n cnute_n in_o mercia_n and_o all_o the_o north_n and_o so_o they_o part_v friend_n cnute_n move_v to_o london_n and_o edmund_n to_o oxford_n but_o edric_n be_v not_o please_v that_o edmund_n shall_v have_v any_o share_n at_o all_o of_o the_o government_n and_o therefore_o he_o be_v resolve_v to_o conspire_v against_o his_o life_n and_o to_o deliver_v the_o whole_a kingdom_n of_o england_n into_o the_o hand_n of_o cnute_n of_o who_o he_o may_v reasonable_o expect_v for_o this_o and_o other_o traitorous_a service_n a_o very_a ample_a and_o a_o answerable_a return_n this_o he_o commit_v to_o one_o of_o his_o own_o son_n to_o put_v in_o execution_n a_o ãâã_d of_o the_o old_a stock_n and_o one_o early_o verse_v in_o wicked_a and_o traitorous_a design_n who_o perceive_v the_o king_n to_o go_v ãâã_d stool_n thrust_v up_o a_o sharp_a knife_n up_o his_o fundament_n ãâã_d which_o wound_v he_o present_o dye_v edric_n be_v quick_o certify_v of_o the_o fact_n post_v it_o up_o to_o london_n and_o with_o great_a joy_n and_o loud_a acclamation_n come_v to_o cnutâ_n greet_v he_o as_o sole_a king_n of_o england_n and_o withal_o tell_v he_o in_o what_o manner_n and_o by_o who_o mean_n hââ_n old_a enemy_n king_n edmund_n be_v assassinate_v and_o kill_v at_o oxford_n cnute_n though_o please_v at_o the_o death_n of_o edmund_n be_v a_o person_n of_o great_a honour_n than_o to_o commend_v so_o horrible_a a_o deed_n though_o do_v to_o a_o enemy_n and_o therefore_o tell_v edric_n that_o he_o will_v without_o faââ_n take_v care_n to_o reward_v he_o as_o his_o desert_n require_v anâ_n will_v advance_v he_o above_o all_o the_o nobility_n of_o england_n which_o be_v quick_o perform_v his_o head_n be_v placeâ_n upon_o the_o high_a tower_n in_o london_n for_o a_o terror_n ãâã_d such_o villainous_a traitor_n to_o their_o king_n edric_n be_v thus_o deserve_o disappoint_v of_o the_o mighty_a thought_n he_o entertain_v of_o greatness_n upon_o the_o advancement_n of_o king_n cnute_n this_o generous_a dane_n scorn_v his_o basâness_n and_o so_o have_v pay_v he_o a_o traitor_n reward_n cause_v execution_n to_o be_v do_v upon_o all_o edric_n complice_n and_o those_o that_o consent_v to_o the_o base_a murder_n oâ_n that_o brave_a prince_n king_n edmund_n about_o the_o same_o time_n there_o happen_v no_o small_a disturbance_n a.d._n 1015_o and_o commotion_n in_o wales_n lhewelyn_n ap_fw-mi sytsylht_n have_v for_o some_o year_n sit_v still_o and_o quiet_a begin_v now_o to_o bestir_v himself_o and_o have_v draw_v all_o his_o force_n together_o march_v against_o aedan_n who_o forcible_o and_o without_o any_o legal_a pretence_n have_v enter_v upon_o and_o for_o all_o this_o time_n have_v keep_v himself_o in_o the_o government_n of_o north-wales_n aedan_n will_v not_o easy_o âeject_v himself_o from_o what_o have_v be_v so_o long_o in_o his_o possession_n to_o maintain_v which_o he_o give_v lhewelyn_n battle_n but_o the_o day_n go_v against_o he_o himself_z with_o his_o four_o son_n be_v slay_v upon_o the_o spot_n upon_o which_o lheweâyn_n without_o any_o regard_n have_v to_o jago_n the_o son_n of_o edwal_n the_o right_a heir_n take_v upon_o himself_o the_o title_n and_o authority_n of_o prince_n of_o all_o wales_n his_o pretence_n to_o north-wales_n be_v as_o be_v descend_v from_o traw_v daughter_n to_o elis_n second_o son_n to_o anarawd_n who_o be_v the_o elder_a son_n of_o roderic_n the_o great_a and_o to_o south_n wales_n as_o have_v marry_v angharad_n the_o only_a daughter_n of_o meredith_n prince_n of_o south-wales_n by_o virtue_n of_o which_o pretension_n he_o assume_v to_o himself_o the_o government_n of_o all_o wales_n lhewelyn_n ap_fw-mi sitsylht_n lhewelyn_n have_v as_o be_v say_v take_v upon_o he_o the_o general_a government_n of_o wales_n manage_v his_o charge_n with_o such_o prudence_n and_o moderation_n that_o the_o country_n in_o a_o short_a time_n become_v very_o flourish_v and_o prosperous_a peace_n and_o tranquillity_n be_v establish_v produce_v plenty_n and_o increase_n of_o all_o thing_n necessary_a to_o humane_a subsistence_n for_o there_o be_v none_o that_o can_v âay_n any_o claim_n or_o pretence_n to_o either_o of_o the_o principality_n except_v jago_n the_o son_n of_o edwal_n who_o be_v indeed_o lawful_a heir_n of_o north-wales_n but_o either_o too_o weak_a to_o withstand_v or_o unwilling_a to_o disturb_v lhewelyn_n title_n he_o lay_v quiet_a for_o a_o time_n expect_v a_o better_a opportunity_n to_o recover_v his_o right_n in_o the_o mean_a time_n cnute_n be_v crown_v king_n of_o all_o england_n marrieâ_n emma_n the_o widow_n of_o king_n edelred_n and_o for_o the_o better_a secure_v the_o english_a crown_n to_o himself_o and_o his_o heir_n he_o think_v it_o expedient_a to_o dispatch_v edmund_n and_o edward_n the_o son_n of_o ironside_n out_o of_o the_o way_n but_o lefâ_n such_o a_o execrable_a fact_n shall_v seem_v too_o black_a to_o be_v do_v in_o england_n he_o send_v the_o two_o youth_n to_o solomân_a king_n of_o hungary_n will_v he_o to_o use_v some_o convenient_a opportunity_n to_o take_v away_o their_o life_n which_o seem_v to_o solomon_n so_o very_o unnatural_a that_o instead_o of_o comply_v with_o cnute_n request_n he_o educate_v and_o bring_v they_o up_o as_o his_o own_o child_n but_o cnute_n imagine_v now_o that_o his_o fear_n be_v over_o and_o his_o busâness_n effectual_o finish_v so_o that_o he_o can_v the_o more_o bold_o demand_v of_o his_o subject_n what_o either_o his_o necessity_n or_o curiosity_n will_v prompt_v he_o to_o and_o reflect_v with_o himself_o what_o excessive_a expense_n he_o have_v be_v at_o in_o the_o conquest_n of_o england_n be_v resolve_v that_o the_o english_a shall_v repay_v he_o and_o therefore_o require_v a_o subsidy_n of_o seventy_o two_o thousand_o pound_n beside_o eleven_o thousand_o which_o the_o city_n of_o london_n contribute_v the_o same_o time_n meyric_n the_o son_n of_o arthfael_n a_o person_n of_o quality_n in_o wales_n rebel_v and_o raise_v aâ_n army_n against_o prince_n lhewelyn_n who_o no_o soon_o appear_v in_o the_o field_n to_o quell_v this_o malcontented_n general_n but_o manful_o slay_v he_o with_o his_o own_o hand_n and_o easy_o discomfit_v his_o follower_n the_o same_o time_n cnute_n sail_v over_o into_o denmark_n and_o make_v war_n upon_o the_o vandal_n who_o for_o all_o that_o they_o have_v a_o great_a army_n ãâã_d the_o field_n be_v overcome_v by_o the_o imcomparable_a valour_n of_o earl_n godwyn_n for_o which_o famous_a action_n cnutâ_n have_v the_o english_a in_o great_a esteem_n ever_o after_o a.d._n 1020_o but_o lhewelyn_n prince_n of_o wales_n though_o he_o have_v late_o quell_v the_o rebel_n head_v by_o meyric_n be_v now_o to_o encounter_v with_o another_o difficulty_n which_o seem_v to_o threaten_v great_a disturbance_n and_o trouble_n to_o he_o for_o a_o certain_a person_n of_o a_o mean_a quality_n in_o scotland_n come_v to_o south-wales_n assume_v the_o
with_o loud_a acclamation_n and_o joyful_o salute_v prince_n of_o north-wales_n who_o tread_v in_o his_o father_n step_n behave_v himself_o in_o his_o government_n with_o that_o prudence_n and_o conduct_n that_o he_o manful_o defend_v his_o country_n from_o the_o frequent_a invasion_n of_o the_o english_a and_o dane_n for_o he_o be_v scarce_o settle_v in_o his_o throne_n when_o these_o inveterate_a enemy_n of_o the_o welsh_a enter_v in_o a_o hostile_a manner_n into_o wales_n and_o advance_v as_o far_o as_o crosford_n upon_o the_o severn_n where_o gruffydh_n meet_v they_o and_o force_v they_o shameful_o to_o fly_v and_o retire_v back_o to_o their_o own_o country_n from_o thence_o gruffydh_n pass_v to_o lhanbadarn_n vawr_n in_o cardiganshire_n which_o he_o lay_v in_o ash_n and_o afterward_o march_v through_o all_o the_o country_n of_o south_n wales_n receive_v of_o the_o people_n oath_n of_o fidelity_n and_o subjection_n to_o he_o in_o the_o mean_a time_n howel_n ap_fw-mi edwin_n 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victory_n seldom_o prove_v prosperous_a which_o howel_n present_o experience_v for_o gruffydh_n meet_v with_o he_o at_o pencadair_n give_v he_o so_o warm_a a_o entertainment_n that_o he_o be_v force_v present_o to_o take_v his_o heel_n which_o however_o can_v not_o so_o well_o secure_v he_o but_o that_o he_o be_v narrow_o pursue_v and_o his_o wife_n who_o be_v to_o be_v entertain_v with_o the_o conquest_n of_o gruffydh_n on_o the_o contrary_a see_v herself_o take_v prisoner_n by_o he_o and_o force_v to_o comply_v so_o far_o to_o his_o humour_n as_o to_o be_v his_o concubine_n the_o same_o time_n harold_n king_n of_o england_n die_v and_o be_v succeed_v by_o his_o brother_n hardycnute_n a_o prince_n very_o famous_a for_o hospitality_n and_o a_o great_a lover_n of_o good_a cheer_v have_v his_o table_n cover_v four_o time_n a_o day_n with_o great_a plenty_n and_o variety_n of_o dish_n with_o other_o superfluity_n for_o all_o comer_n but_o he_o likewise_o die_v at_o lambeth_n after_o two_o 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sufficient_a they_o act_v the_o same_o part_n over_o again_o and_o tythe_v they_o the_o second_o time_n and_o be_v high_o enrage_v against_o the_o norman_n they_o lead_v alfred_n who_o have_v bring_v they_o over_o from_o gilford_n where_o this_o execution_n be_v commit_v to_o gillingham_n where_o have_v put_v out_o his_o eye_n they_o remove_v he_o to_o ely_n and_o there_o at_o length_n pitiful_o murder_v he_o then_o they_o send_v for_o edward_n out_o of_o normandy_n and_o make_v he_o king_n who_o according_a to_o his_o promise_n to_o earl_n godwyn_n marry_a âis_n daughter_n edith_n a_o lady_n much_o commend_v not_o only_o for_o beauty_n modesty_n and_o other_o feminine_a qualification_n but_o also_o beyond_o what_o be_v requisite_a for_o a_o woman_n learning_n but_o king_n edward_n do_v not_o deal_v so_o favourable_o with_o her_o brother_n swain_n son_n to_o earl_n godwyn_n who_o upon_o some_o distaste_v be_v banish_v england_n and_o thereupon_o force_v to_o betake_v himself_o to_o baldwyn_n earl_n of_o flanders_n by_o who_o he_o be_v very_o honourable_o receive_v a.d._n 1041_o these_o trouble_n and_o revolution_n in_o england_n be_v succeed_v by_o other_o of_o no_o less_o consequence_n in_o wales_n for_o howel_n not_o brook_v to_o be_v keep_v so_o shameful_o out_o of_o his_o kingdom_n return_v again_o the_o three_o time_n into_o south-wales_n where_o he_o have_v not_o continue_v long_o but_o a_o great_a number_n of_o stranger_n land_v in_o the_o west_n of_o wales_n and_o advance_v far_o into_o the_o country_n pillage_v and_o destroy_v all_o place_n they_o come_v to_o howel_n though_o desirous_a to_o reserve_v his_o army_n to_o fight_v with_o prince_n gruffydh_n yet_o can_v not_o behold_v his_o country_n so_o miserable_o waste_v and_o overrun_v by_o stranger_n and_o think_v moreover_o that_o by_o so_o charitable_a a_o action_n he_o shall_v win_v the_o universal_a love_n of_o the_o south-wales_n man_n draw_v up_o his_o force_n against_o they_o and_o overtake_v 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draw_v together_o a_o great_a army_n consist_v partly_o of_o stranger_n and_o partly_o of_o such_o as_o they_o can_v raise_v in_o gwentland_n and_o glamorgan_n and_o march_v to_o fight_v with_o gruffydh_n the_o prince_n according_a to_o his_o usual_a manner_n detract_v no_o time_n but_o animate_v and_o solace_v his_o soldier_n with_o the_o remembrance_n of_o their_o former_a victory_n and_o conquest_n bid_v the_o enemy_n battle_n which_o prove_v so_o very_o bloody_a and_o terrible_a that_o nothing_o can_v part_v they_o beside_o the_o darkness_n of_o the_o night_n this_o battle_n so_o tire_v and_o tame_v both_o army_n that_o neither_o be_v very_o desirous_a of_o another_o engagement_n and_o so_o one_o be_v unwilling_a to_o set_v upon_o the_o other_o they_o both_o agree_v to_o return_v to_o their_o own_o habitation_n the_o same_o time_n joseph_n bishop_n of_o teilo_n or_o llandaf_n die_v at_o rome_n but_o both_o army_n be_v separate_v prince_n gruffydh_n enjoy_v a_o quiet_a and_o 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king_n edwardâââng_v âââng_z satisfy_v by_o the_o welsh_a that_o they_o have_v no_o such_o design_n in_o hand_n command_v godwyn_n to_o dismiss_v his_o aâmy_n and_o to_o appear_v himself_o to_o answer_v to_o the_o article_n exhibit_v against_o he_o godwyn_n refuse_v to_o obey_v the_o kiââ_n by_o the_o advice_n of_o earl_n leofrick_n summon_v a_o assembly_n at_o london_n whither_o a_o great_a number_n of_o force_n arrive_v from_o mercia_n which_o godwyn_n perceive_v and_o wiââal_a find_v himself_o unable_a to_o withstand_v the_o king_n â_o proceed_n private_o retire_v with_o his_o son_n out_o ãâã_d the_o kingdom_n and_o flee_v into_o flanders_n whereupon_o the_o king_n issue_v out_o a_o edict_n proclaim_v godwââ_n and_o his_o son_n outlaw_n and_o then_o confiscate_a thâââ_n estate_n bestow_v they_o upon_o other_o of_o his_o nobiliââ_n and_o to_o pursue_v his_o displeasure_n the_o far_o he_o divorce_v his_o queen_n edith_n earl_n godwyn_n daughter_n aââ_n commit_v she_o to_o a_o cloister_n where_o in_o a_o mean_a condition_n she_o spend_v some_o part_n of_o her_o life_n in_o the_o distribution_n of_o the_o forfeit_a estate_n adonan_n obtain_v ãâã_d earldom_n of_o devon_n and_o dorset_n and_o algar_n the_o sââ_n of_o leofrick_n that_o of_o harold_n but_o godwyn_n can_v ãâã_d patient_o behold_v his_o estate_n bestow_v upon_o another_o and_o therefore_o have_v hire_v some_o man_n and_o ship_n ãâã_d flanders_n he_o sail_v to_o the_o isle_n of_o wight_n where_o aââââ_n that_o he_o have_v make_v a_o sufficient_a havoc_n he_o put_v in_o ãâã_d portland_n which_o he_o treat_v after_o the_o same_o manâââ_n the_o same_o time_n harold_n have_v sail_v from_o ireland_n ãâã_d length_n meet_v with_o his_o father_n and_o then_o with_o their_o unââââ_n navy_n they_o burn_v preveneseny_n romney_n heath_n fâââston_n dover_n and_o sandwich_n and_o enter_v the_o thââââ_n they_o destroy_v cheppey_n and_o burn_v the_o king_n hoââ_n at_o middletown_n then_o they_o sail_v up_o the_o river_n ââwards_v london_n where_o the_o king_n army_n be_v reaââ_n to_o oppose_v they_o a_o treaty_n of_o peace_n be_v by_o the_o meâ_n of_o bishop_n stigand_n agree_v upon_o which_o prove_v so_o ââfectual_a of_o godwyn_n side_n that_o the_o king_n receive_v ãâã_d again_o to_o his_o favour_n restore_v he_o and_o son_n to_o all_o thâ_n estate_n re-called_n the_o queen_n and_o banish_v the_o archbishop_n with_o all_o the_o frenchman_n who_o have_v be_v promoter_n of_o that_o unhappy_a suspicion_n the_o king_n have_v entertain_v of_o they_o about_o this_o time_n rhys_n brother_n to_o gruffydh_n prââââ_n of_o wales_n who_o by_o several_a eruption_n upon_o the_o bordeââ_n ãâã_d considerable_o gaul_v and_o damage_v the_o english_a ââs_o take_v and_o put_v to_o death_n at_o bulendun_v who_o âââd_v be_v cut_v off_o be_v present_v to_o the_o king_n than_o gloucester_n but_o he_o receive_v better_a news_n some_o time_n ãâã_d from_o the_o north_n for_o siward_n earl_n of_o northumberâââd_n have_v send_v his_o son_n against_o macbeth_n king_n of_o ââgland_n vanquish_v the_o scot_n though_o not_o without_o the_o ãâã_d of_o his_o son_n and_o many_o other_o both_o english_a and_o âânes_n but_o siward_n be_v not_o cast_v down_o at_o his_o son_n be_v âââth_o but_o inquire_v whether_o he_o receive_v his_o death_n âând_n before_o or_o behind_o and_o be_v assure_v that_o it_o ãâã_d before_o reply_v he_o be_v very_o glad_a of_o it_o for_o he_o use_v not_o wish_v his_o son_n to_o die_v otherwise_o after_o this_o story_n king_n edward_n march_v in_o person_n to_o scotland_n and_o have_v again_o overcome_v macbeth_n in_o battle_n make_v the_o whole_a kingdom_n of_o scotland_n tributary_n the_o crown_n of_o england_n the_o next_o year_n earl_n ââââyn_v sit_v with_o the_o king_n at_o table_n sink_v down_o use_v of_o a_o sudden_a be_v choke_v as_o it_o be_v think_v in_o ââllowing_v a_o morsel_n of_o bread_n who_o earldom_n the_o ââng_v bestow_v upon_o his_o
death_n ãâã_d edward_n to_o secure_v the_o kingdom_n of_o england_n for_o hâ_n ãâã_d be_v honourable_o dismiss_v upon_o his_o return_n to_o england_n by_o the_o persuasion_n of_o caradoc_n the_o son_n of_o âruffydh_fw-mi ap_fw-mi rytherch_n himself_o with_o his_o brother_n tosty_o âiled_v a_o great_a army_n and_o enter_v into_o south-wales_n âhich_v they_o destroy_v after_o that_o manner_n that_o the_o welsh_a be_v glad_a to_o deliver_v up_o hostage_n for_o the_o âayment_n of_o the_o ancient_a tribute_n which_o afore-time_o âhey_n be_v use_v to_o pay_v gruffydh_n hear_v of_o the_o inâlencies_n of_o the_o english_a in_o south_n wales_n make_v all_o posââble_a haste_n and_o preparation_n to_o oppose_v they_o but_o all_o ãâã_d no_o purpose_n harold_n have_v already_o treacherous_o ââed_v some_o of_o gruffydh_n near_a friend_n to_o murder_n ãâã_d who_o watch_v their_o opportunity_n execute_v their_o âicked_a design_n and_o bring_v his_o head_n to_o harold_n gruffydh_n be_v dead_a harold_n by_o king_n edward_n order_n ââpointed_v meredith_n son_n of_o owen_n ap_fw-mi edwin_n prince_n ãâã_d south_n wales_n and_o the_o government_n of_o north-wales_n ãâã_d blethyn_n and_o rywaâhon_n the_o son_n of_o coffin_n brother_n ãâã_d the_o mother_n side_n to_o prince_n gruffydh_n and_o who_o proâably_o for_o the_o desire_n of_o rule_n be_v accessary_a to_o the_o murder_n of_o that_o noble_a prince_n this_o gruffydh_fw-mi ap_fw-mi lheâââyn_fw-mi enjoy_v the_o principality_n of_o wales_n for_o the_o space_n of_o thirty_o four_o year_n a_o prince_n of_o incomparable_a verâââ_n both_o wise_a and_o valiant_a belove_v of_o his_o subject_n ând_v formidable_a to_o his_o enemy_n in_o all_o his_o action_n he_o behave_v himself_o great_a and_o princely_a and_o have_v demand_v his_o country_n so_o brave_o against_o all_o foreign_a opposition_n he_o be_v far_o unworthy_a of_o that_o treacherous_a ând_n cruel_a death_n which_o his_o unkind_a subject_n and_o unnatural_a friend_n bestow_v upon_o he_o he_o leave_v issue_n âut_v ââe_v daughter_n call_v nest_n abuse_v first_o by_o fleaâceâon_n âon_z of_o bâncho_n and_o afterward_o marry_v to_o trahaern_a âp_n caradoc_n prince_n of_o north-wales_n blethyn_n and_o rywalhon_n after_o the_o deplorable_a murder_n of_o prince_n gruffyââ_n meredith_n the_o son_n of_o owen_n ap_fw-mi edwin_n who_o accord_v to_o some_o be_v son_n to_o howel_n dha_n do_v take_v ãâã_d on_o he_o as_o it_o be_v say_v the_o government_n of_o south-wales_a and_o blethyn_n and_o rywalhon_n the_o son_n of_o confyn_n hââ_n brother_n to_o gruffydh_n as_o descend_v from_o augboâ_n daughter_n to_o meredith_n sometime_o prince_n of_o walââ_n enter_v upon_o the_o principality_n of_o north-wales_n cââââ_n the_o son_n jago_n ap_fw-mi edwal_n the_o right_a heir_n to_o that_o croââ_n be_v then_o with_o his_o father-in-law_n in_o ireland_n tââ_n partition_n of_o wales_n fall_v much_o short_a of_o the_o expectation_n of_o caradoc_n ap_fw-mi gruffydh_fw-mi ap_fw-mi rytherch_n who_o bâing_v the_o chief_a promoter_n of_o harold_n make_v a_o ââpedition_n against_o gruffydh_fw-mi ap_fw-mi lhewolyn_n make_v no_o qâstion_n to_o attain_v to_o the_o government_n of_o south-wales_n ââcase_n gruffydh_n get_v the_o worse_a but_o it_o happen_v otherwise_o harold_n be_v sensible_a of_o caradoc_n subtlety_n aââ_n knavery_n and_o doubt_v whether_o if_o he_o be_v maââ_n prince_n of_o south-wales_n he_o can_v obtain_v a_o certain_a lode-ship_n nigh_o hereford_n which_o he_o have_v a_o long_a mindâ_n make_v a_o composition_n with_o meredith_n ap_fw-mi owen_n for_o ãâã_d say_v lordship_n and_o create_v he_o prince_n of_o south-wales_a and_o on_o the_o contrary_a banish_a caradoc_n out_o of_o ãâã_d country_n harold_n have_v obtain_v his_o request_n buâ_n a_o very_a magnificent_a house_n at_o a_o place_n call_v portasââ_n in_o monmouth-shire_n and_o store_v it_o with_o great_a quantity_n of_o provision_n splendid_o entertain_v the_o king_n who_o honour_v he_o with_o a_o visit_n this_o be_v by_o a_o mean_n please_v to_o tofty_a to_o see_v his_o young_a brother_n in_o great_a esteem_n and_o favour_n with_o the_o king_n thââ_n himself_o and_o have_v conceal_v his_o displeasure_n for_o ãâã_d time_n can_v not_o forbear_v at_o length_n but_o discover_v ãâã_d grievance_n for_o one_o day_n at_o windsor_n while_o harââ_n reach_v the_o cup_n to_o king_n edward_n tosty_o ready_a to_o burâ_n for_o envy_n that_o his_o brother_n be_v so_o much_o respect_v beyond_o himself_o can_v not_o refrain_v to_o run_v furious_o upon_o he_o and_o pull_v he_o by_o the_o hair_n drag_v he_o to_o the_o ground_n for_o which_o unmannerly_a action_n the_o king_n forbid_v he_o the_o court_n but_o he_o with_o continue_a rancour_n and_o malice_n ride_v to_o hereford_n where_o harold_n have_v many_o servant_n prepare_v a_o entertainment_n for_o the_o king_n and_o set_v upon_o they_o with_o his_o follower_n ââopped_v off_o the_o hand_n and_o leg_n of_o some_o the_o arm_n and_o head_n of_o other_o and_o throw_v they_o into_o the_o butt_n of_o wine_n and_o other_o liquor_n which_o be_v put_v in_o for_o the_o king_n be_v drink_v and_o at_o his_o departure_n charge_v the_o servant_n to_o acquaint_v he_o that_o of_o other_o fresh_a meat_n he_o may_v carry_v with_o he_o what_o he_o please_v but_o for_o âince_n he_o shall_v find_v plenty_n provide_v ready_a for_o he_o for_o which_o barbarous_a offence_n the_o king_n pronounce_v a_o sentence_n of_o perpetual_a banishment_n upon_o he_o but_o saradoc_n ap_fw-mi gruffydh_fw-mi give_v a_o finish_v stroke_n to_o harold_n house_n and_o the_o king_n entertainment_n at_o portascyth_n for_o come_v thither_o short_o after_o tosty_n departure_n to_o be_v revenge_v upon_o harold_n he_o kill_v all_o the_o workman_n and_o labourer_n with_o all_o the_o servant_n he_o can_v find_v and_o utter_o deface_v the_o building_n carry_v away_o all_o the_o costly_a material_n which_o with_o great_a charge_n and_o expense_n have_v be_v bring_v thither_o to_o beautify_v and_o adorn_v the_o structure_n soon_o after_o which_o the_o northumbrian_n who_o can_v not_o endure_v the_o insolence_n of_o the_o two_o brother_n harold_n and_o tosty_o who_o bear_v a_o uncontrollable_a sway_n in_o the_o kingdom_n be_v use_v to_o practice_v most_o hellish_a villainy_n to_o encompass_v any_o man_n estate_n that_o displease_v they_o in_o a_o tumult_n at_o york_n beset_v the_o palace_n of_o tosty_o and_o have_v pillage_v his_o treasure_n ââew_n all_o his_o family_n as_o well_o englishman_n as_o dane_n then_o adjoin_v to_o themselves_o the_o people_n of_o lincoln_n nottingham_n and_o derby_n shire_n they_o elect_a marcher_n the_o son_n of_o earl_n algar_n their_o general_n to_o who_o come_v his_o brother_n edwin_n with_o a_o considerable_a number_n of_o force_n ând_v a_o great_a party_n of_o welsh_a man_n then_o they_o march_v in_o a_o hostile_a manner_n to_o northampton_n where_o harold_n meet_v they_o be_v send_v by_o the_o king_n to_o know_v their_o demand_n to_o who_o they_o lay_v open_v their_o grievance_n and_o the_o cruelty_n of_o tosty_n government_n and_o at_o last_o with_o a_o absolute_a refusal_n of_o admit_v he_o again_o desire_v that_o marcher_n shall_v be_v appoint_v earl_n over_o they_o which_o the_o king_n upon_o the_o reasonable_a complaint_n of_o injury_n do_v by_o tosty_o easy_o grant_v and_o willing_o confirm_v marcher_n title_n whereupon_o they_o peaceable_o return_v back_o to_o the_o north_n and_o the_o welsh_a with_o several_a prisoner_n and_o other_o booty_n get_v in_o this_o expedition_n return_v to_o wales_n a.d._n 1066_o the_o year_n follow_v king_n edward_z die_v and_o be_v bury_v at_o westminster_n be_v the_o last_o king_n of_o the_o saxon_a blood_n before_o the_o conquest_n that_o govern_v the_o kingdom_n of_o england_n which_o from_o cerdic_n king_n of_o the_o westsaxons_a have_v continue_v 544_o and_o from_o egbert_n the_o first_o monarch_n 171_o year_n edward_n be_v dead_a the_o next_o debate_n be_v about_o a_o election_n of_o a_o successor_n edgar_n edeling_n be_v set_v up_o by_o some_o as_o lawful_a heir_n to_o the_o crown_n which_o harold_n as_o be_v a_o person_n of_o great_a power_n and_o authority_n in_o the_o kingdom_n much_o wealthy_a and_o better_o befriend_v present_o thwart_v and_o bring_v matter_n so_o cunning_o about_o that_o himself_o be_v choose_v king_n without_o any_o regard_n observe_v to_o the_o oath_n and_o promise_n he_o have_v former_o make_v to_o william_n duke_n of_o normandy_n duke_n william_n upon_o notice_n of_o harold_n advancement_n how_o that_o he_o have_v accept_v of_o the_o crown_n of_o england_n contrary_a to_o the_o article_n between_o they_o convene_v together_o his_o noble_n and_o lay_v before_o they_o the_o several_a wrong_n and_o affront_v be_v have_v receive_v at_o the_o hand_n of_o harold_n as_o the_o death_n of_o his_o cousin_n alfred_n the_o banishment_n of_o archbishop_n robert_n earl_n odan_n and_o all_o the_o norman_n and_o last_o the_o breach_n of_o his_o oath_n and_o
reply_v it_o be_v not_o so_o wonderful_a for_o although_o say_v he_o we_o have_v violent_o and_o injurious_o oppress_v that_o nation_n yet_o it_o be_v manifest_o know_v that_o they_o be_v the_o lawful_a and_o original_a inheritor_n of_o that_o country_n but_o whilst_o the_o norman_n be_v thus_o carve_v for_o themselves_o in_o glamorgan_n and_o brecnock_n cadogan_n ap_fw-mi blethyn_n ap_fw-mi confyn_n towards_o the_o end_n of_o april_n enter_v into_o dyve_v and_o have_v ravage_v and_o destroy_v the_o country_n return_v back_o but_o within_o eight_o week_n after_o there_o succeed_v he_o a_o more_o fatal_a enemy_n for_o the_o norman_n land_v in_o dyve_v and_o cardigan_n begin_v to_o fortify_v themselves_o in_o castle_n and_o other_o strong_a place_n and_o to_o inhabit_v the_o country_n upon_o the_o seashore_n which_o before_o be_v not_o in_o their_o possession_n indeed_o the_o norman_n have_v by_o the_o connivance_n of_o the_o conqueror_n already_o get_v into_o their_o hand_n all_o the_o best_a estate_n in_o england_n begin_v now_o to_o spy_v out_o the_o commodity_n of_o wales_n and_o perceive_v moreover_o how_o brave_o robert_n fitzhamon_n and_o barnard_n newmarch_n have_v speed_v there_o think_v they_o may_v as_o well_o expect_v the_o like_a fortune_n wherefore_o have_v obtain_v a_o grant_n from_o king_n william_n who_o ready_o consent_v to_o their_o request_n because_o by_o this_o mean_v he_o kill_v two_o bird_n with_o one_o stone_n procure_v to_o himself_o their_o utmost_a service_n upon_o occasion_n and_o withal_o provide_v for_o they_o without_o any_o charge_n to_o himself_o they_o come_v to_o wales_n and_o so_o enter_v upon_o the_o estate_n appoint_v they_o by_o the_o king_n which_o they_o hold_v of_o he_o by_o knight-service_n have_v first_o do_v homage_n and_o swear_a fealty_n for_o the_o same_o roger_n montgomery_n earl_n of_o arundel_n do_v homage_n for_o the_o lordship_n of_o powis_n and_o card_n begin_v hugh_n lupus_n earl_n of_o chester_n for_o tegengl_n and_o râfonioc_n together_o with_o all_o the_o land_n lie_v upon_o the_o sea_n shore_n to_o the_o river_n cânwey_n arnulph_n a_o young_a son_n of_o roger_n montgomery_n for_o dyve_v barnard_n newmarch_n for_o brecnock_n ralph_n mortimer_n for_o eluel_n hugh_z de_fw-fr lacie_n for_o the_o land_n of_o ewyas_n eustace_n omer_n for_o mold_n and_o hapredale_n and_o several_a other_o do_v the_o like_a homage_n for_o other_o land_n but_o roger_n montgomery_n who_o by_o the_o conqueror_n be_v create_v earl_n of_o arundel_n and_o shrewsbury_n enter_v in_o a_o hostile_a manner_n into_o powys-land_n and_o have_v win_v the_o castle_n and_o town_n of_o baldwyn_n fortify_v it_o in_o his_o own_o right_n and_o call_v it_o montgomery_n after_o his_o own_o name_n king_n william_n of_o england_n be_v now_o in_o normandy_n and_o busy_o engage_v in_o a_o war_n against_o his_o brother_n robert_n by_o the_o advantage_n of_o who_o absence_n gruffydh_fw-mi ap_fw-mi conan_n prince_n of_o north-wales_n and_o cadogan_n ap_fw-mi blethyn_n who_o now_o rule_v in_o south_n wales_n with_o joint_a force_n enter_v into_o cardigan_n and_o slay_v a_o great_a number_n of_o norman_n who_o pride_n and_o excessive_a cruelty_n towards_o the_o welsh_a be_v altogether_o intolerable_a but_o after_o sufficient_a execution_n there_o be_v return_v home_o the_o norman_n send_v for_o more_o aid_n from_o england_n which_o be_v arrive_v they_o think_v to_o make_v a_o private_a inroad_n into_o north-wales_n and_o so_o to_o be_v revenge_v upon_o the_o welsh_a but_o their_o design_n be_v happy_o discover_v to_o cadogan_n he_o draw_v up_o his_o force_n to_o meet_v they_o and_o then_o unexpected_o set_v upon_o they_o in_o the_o forest_n of_o yspys_n after_o a_o very_a warm_a resistment_n of_o the_o norman_n side_n force_v they_o to_o retire_v by_o slight_a and_o then_o triumphant_o march_v through_o cardigan_n and_o dyve_v he_o destroy_v all_o the_o castle_n and_o fortification_n in_o the_o country_n beside_o pembrock_n and_o rydcor_n which_o prove_v too_o strong_a and_o impregnable_a a.d._n 1093_o the_o next_o year_n the_o norman_n who_o inhabit_v the_o country_n of_o glamorgan_n fall_v upon_o and_o destroy_v the_o country_n of_o gwyr_n kidwely_n and_o ysâââd_o tywy_a which_o they_o harrass_v in_o such_o a_o cruel_a manner_n that_o they_o leave_v they_o bare_a of_o any_o people_n to_o inhabit_v and_o to_o increase_v as_o it_o be_v think_v the_o misery_n of_o the_o welsh_a king_n william_n rufus_n be_v inform_v of_o the_o great_a slaughter_n which_o gruffydh_fw-mi ap_fw-mi conan_n and_o the_o son_n of_o blethyn_n ap_fw-mi confyn_n have_v late_o commit_v upon_o the_o english_a as_o well_o within_o cheshire_n shropshire_n worcestershire_n and_o herefordshire_n as_o within_o wales_n enter_v the_o country_n at_o montgomery_n which_o place_n the_o welsh_a have_v sometime_o since_o demolish_v king_n william_n late_o rebuilt_a but_o the_o welsh_a keep_v all_o the_o passage_n through_o the_o wood_n and_o river_n and_o all_o other_o strait_n so_o close_o that_o the_o king_n can_v effect_v nothing_o considerable_a against_o they_o and_o therefore_o when_o he_o perceive_v that_o his_o labour_n be_v but_o lose_v in_o continue_v in_o those_o part_n he_o forthwith_o decamp_v and_o return_v with_o no_o great_a honour_n back_o to_o england_n but_o this_o retreat_n of_o king_n william_n be_v not_o altogether_o so_o favourable_a to_o the_o interest_n of_o the_o a.d._n 1094_o welsh_a as_o the_o death_n of_o william_n fitz-baldwyn_n who_o be_v owner_n of_o the_o castle_n of_o rydcor_n and_o do_v the_o great_a mischief_n and_o hurt_n to_o the_o south-wales_n man_n of_o any_o other_o he_o be_v dead_a the_o garrison_n of_o rydcor_n which_o be_v wont_a to_o keep_v the_o welsh_a in_o continual_a a_o we_o forsake_v that_o place_n and_o by_o that_o mean_n give_v opportunity_n to_o the_o inhabitant_n of_o gwyr_n brecnock_n gwent_n and_o gwentlhwe_v to_o shake_v off_o that_o intolerable_a yoke_n the_o norman_n force_v upon_o they_o who_o after_o they_o have_v robe_v they_o of_o their_o land_n keep_v they_o in_o perpetual_a subjection_n but_o now_o william_n fitz-baldwyn_n be_v dead_a and_o the_o garrison_n of_o rydcor_n scatter_v they_o venture_v to_o lay_v violent_a hand_n upon_o the_o norman_n who_o think_v themselves_o free_a from_o all_o fear_n and_o prevail_v so_o successful_o that_o they_o drive_v they_o all_o out_o of_o the_o country_n and_o recover_v their_o own_o ancient_a estate_n but_o the_o norman_n like_v that_o country_n so_o well_o that_o they_o be_v resolve_v not_o to_o be_v so_o easy_o befool_v out_o of_o what_o they_o have_v with_o a_o great_a deal_n of_o pain_n and_o danger_n once_o possess_v and_o therefore_o have_v draw_v a_o great_a number_n of_o english_a and_o norman_n to_o their_o aid_n they_o be_v desirous_a to_o venture_v another_o touch_n with_o the_o welsh_a and_o to_o return_v if_o possible_a to_o their_o once_o acquire_v habitation_n but_o the_o welsh_a so_o abhor_v their_o pride_n and_o tyrannical_a dominion_n over_o they_o when_o they_o be_v master_n that_o they_o be_v resolve_v not_o to_o âe_v subject_a to_o such_o tyrant_n again_o and_o therefore_o they_o âoldly_o meet_v they_o at_o a_o place_n call_v celly_n jarfawc_n and_o âet_v upon_o they_o so_o manful_o the_o very_a apprehension_n of_o servitude_n whet_v their_o spirit_n that_o they_o put_v they_o âo_o flight_n with_o great_a slaughter_n and_o drive_v they_o out_o of_o âhe_n country_n the_o norman_n however_o be_v not_o so_o absolute_o rout_v with_o this_o overthrow_n but_o like_o a_o fly_n in_o the_o night_n which_o destroy_v itself_o in_o the_o candle_n they_o must_v needs_o covet_v their_o own_o destruction_n their_o greediness_n egg_v they_o on_o to_o venture_v with_o few_o what_o be_v not_o practicable_a to_o be_v effect_v by_o many_o therefore_o they_o come_v as_o far_o as_o brecnock_v with_o this_o absolute_a âow_o and_o resolution_n not_o to_o leave_v one_o live_a thing_n remain_v in_o that_o country_n but_o they_o fall_v short_a of_o their_o policy_n the_o people_n of_o the_o country_n be_v remove_v to_o a_o narrow_a streight_n to_o expect_v their_o pass_v through_o whither_o the_o norman_n be_v advance_v they_o fall_v upon_o they_o and_o kill_v a_o great_a number_n of_o they_o about_o the_o same_o time_n roger_n montgomery_n earl_n of_o salop_n and_o arundel_n william_n fitzeustace_n earl_n of_o gloucester_n arnold_n de_fw-fr harecourt_n and_o neal_n le_fw-fr viscount_n be_v slay_v by_o the_o welsh_a between_o caerdà f_n and_o brecnock_v and_o walter_n eureux_fw-fr earl_n of_o sarum_n rosmer_n and_o mantiâake_v hugh_n earl_n of_o gourney_n be_v wound_v who_o afterward_o die_v in_o normandy_n the_o norman_n find_v that_o they_o continual_o lose_v ground_n think_v it_o not_o advisable_v to_o stay_v any_o long_o and_o therefore_o have_v place_v sufficient_a garrison_n in_o those_o castle_n which_o they_o have_v former_o build_v they_o return_v with_o what_o speed_n they_o
any_o ambushment_n lurk_v therein_o and_o for_o a_o more_o clear_a prospect_n of_o the_o enemy_n but_o some_o of_o the_o welsh_a take_v advantage_n of_o this_o opportunity_n who_o be_v well_o acquaint_v with_o the_o passage_n without_o the_o knowledge_n of_o their_o officer_n fall_v upon_o the_o king_n guard_n where_o all_o the_o pike-man_n be_v post_v and_o after_o a_o hot_a skirmish_n several_z be_v slay_v on_o both_o side_n but_o in_o fine_a the_o king_n win_v the_o passage_n and_o so_o march_v on_o to_o the_o mountain_n of_o berwyn_n where_o he_o lie_v sometime_o without_o any_o hostility_n on_o either_o side_n both_o army_n stand_v in_o fear_n of_o each_o other_o the_o english_a keep_v the_o open_a plain_n and_o be_v afraid_a to_o be_v entrap_v in_o the_o strait_n and_o narrow_a passage_n and_o the_o welsh_a on_o the_o other_o hand_n watch_v the_o advantage_n of_o the_o place_n and_o observe_v the_o english_a so_o narrow_o that_o neither_o forage_v or_o victual_n can_v pass_v to_o the_o king_n camp_n and_o what_o augment_v the_o misery_n of_o the_o english_a army_n there_o happen_v to_o fall_v such_o a_o rain_n that_o mighty_o disturb_v their_o encampment_n in_o so_o much_o that_o the_o soldier_n can_v scarce_o stand_v for_o the_o disadvantage_n of_o those_o slippery_a hill_n but_o in_o the_o end_n king_n henry_n be_v force_v to_o decamp_v and_o after_o a_o very_a considerable_a loss_n of_o man_n and_o ammunition_n beside_o the_o great_a charge_n of_o this_o expedition_n be_v compel_v to_o return_v back_o to_o england_n but_o to_o express_v the_o great_a dissatisfaction_n he_o entertain_v of_o this_o enterprise_n in_o a_o great_a fury_n he_o pluck_v out_o the_o eye_n of_o the_o hostage_n which_o he_o have_v some_o time_n afore_o receive_v from_o the_o welsh_a which_o be_v rhys_n and_o cadwalhon_n the_o son_n of_o owen_n prince_n of_o north-wales_n and_o cynric_n and_o meredith_n the_o son_n of_o rhys_n of_o south-wales_n some_o write_v that_o in_o assail_a of_o a_o bridge_n the_o king_n be_v in_o no_o small_a danger_n of_o his_o life_n one_o of_o the_o welsh_a have_v aim_v direct_o at_o he_o be_v like_a to_o pierce_v he_o through_o the_o body_n have_v not_o hubert_n de_fw-fr clare_n constable_n of_o colchester_n who_o perceive_v the_o arrow_n a_o come_n thrust_v himself_o betwixt_o the_o king_n and_o it_o though_o to_o the_o loss_n of_o his_o own_o life_n but_o though_o king_n henry_n be_v shameful_o force_v to_o return_v to_o england_n yet_o he_o do_v not_o give_v over_o the_o thought_n of_o subdue_a the_o welsh_a and_o therefore_o after_o a_o long_a consultation_n he_o make_v a_o three_o expedition_n into_o wales_n convey_v his_o army_n by_o sea_n as_o far_o as_o chester_n there_o he_o stay_v for_o some_o time_n till_o all_o his_o fleet_n as_o well_o those_o ship_n that_o he_o have_v hire_v out_o of_o ireland_n as_o his_o own_o be_v all_o arrive_v but_o when_o they_o be_v all_o come_v together_o and_o get_v safe_o to_o chester_n his_o mind_n be_v alter_v and_o instead_o of_o a_o design_n against_o wales_n he_o unexpected_o dismiss_v his_o whole_a army_n prince_n rhys_n be_v glad_a of_o this_o opportunity_n and_o therefore_o withdraw_a his_o force_n from_o the_o confederate_a army_n he_o march_v to_o the_o siege_n of_o aberteifi_n castle_n which_o be_v surrender_v to_o he_o he_o raze_v to_o the_o ground_n from_o thence_o he_o get_v before_o cilgerran_n which_o he_o use_v after_o the_o same_o manner_n and_o therein_o take_v prisoner_n robert_n the_o son_n of_o stephen_n his_o cousin-german_a who_o be_v the_o son_n of_o nest_n his_o aunt_n who_o after_o the_o death_n of_o gerald_n have_v marry_v stephen_n constable_n the_o joy_n of_o these_o happy_a success_n on_o the_o part_n of_o the_o welsh_a be_v somewhat_o cloud_v by_o the_o death_n of_o lhewelyn_n son_n of_o owen_n prince_n of_o north-wales_n a_o person_n of_o great_a worth_n and_o exceed_o well_o belove_v of_o all_o his_o country_n a.d._n 1165_o and_o now_o the_o welsh_a be_v something_o secure_a from_o any_o invasion_n from_o the_o english_a there_o rise_v up_o another_o enemy_n to_o create_v they_o disturbance_n the_o fleming_n and_o norman_n find_v the_o english_a to_o fail_v in_o their_o attempt_n against_o the_o welsh_a think_v they_o may_v with_o better_a success_n quell_v and_o subdue_v they_o and_o therefore_o they_o come_v to_o west-wales_n with_o a_o great_a army_n and_o lay_v siege_n to_o the_o castle_n of_o cilgerran_n which_o rhys_n have_v late_o fortify_v but_o after_o two_o different_a assault_n they_o be_v manful_o beat_v back_o and_o force_v to_o depart_v home_o again_o but_o what_o the_o fleming_n can_v not_o effect_v against_o the_o welsh_a in_o south-wales_n the_o welsh_a easy_o bring_v about_o against_o the_o english_a in_o north-wales_n for_o prince_n owen_n have_v besiege_v basingwerk_n castle_n then_o in_o the_o possession_n of_o the_o king_n of_o england_n without_o much_o time_n spend_v make_v himself_o master_n of_o it_o but_o it_o be_v always_o the_o misfortune_n of_o the_o welsh_a that_o when_o they_o find_v themselves_o secure_a from_o any_o enemy_n abroad_o they_o be_v sure_a to_o quarrel_v and_o fall_v out_o at_o home_n though_o indeed_o it_o can_v not_o be_v well_o otherwise_o expect_v where_o so_o many_o petty_a state_n endeavour_v still_o to_o surmount_v and_o outvie_v one_o another_o and_o now_o when_o all_o thing_n go_v very_o successful_o of_o their_o side_n in_o opposition_n to_o the_o english_a two_o ambitious_a person_n begin_v to_o kindle_v a_o flame_n in_o their_o own_o bosom_n owen_n cyfeilioc_n the_o son_n of_o gruffydh_fw-mi ap_fw-mi maredith_n lord_n of_o powy_n and_o owen_n fychan_n second_o son_n to_o madawc_n ap_fw-mi meredith_n forcible_o dispossess_v jorwerth_n goch_n of_o his_o estate_n in_o powy_n which_o they_o divide_v betwixt_o themselves_o mochnant_n vwch_v rayadr_n to_o owen_n cyfeilioc_n and_o mochnant_n be_v rayadr_n to_o owen_n fychan_n but_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o prince_n of_o wales_n can_v not_o brook_v this_o injury_n do_v to_o jorwerth_n goch_n and_o therefore_o a.d._n 1166_o owen_n prince_n of_o north-wales_n with_o his_o brother_n cadwallader_n and_o rhys_n prince_n of_o south-wales_n go_v with_o a_o army_n into_o powy_n against_o owen_n cyfeilioc_n and_o have_v chase_v he_o out_o of_o the_o country_n they_o bestow_v caereneon_n upon_o owen_n fychan_n to_o hold_v it_o of_o prince_n owen_n and_o rhys_n have_v walwern_n by_o reason_n that_o it_o lay_v near_o his_o own_o territory_n but_o within_o a_o while_n after_o owen_n cyfeilioc_n return_v with_o a_o numerous_a band_n of_o norman_n and_o english_a along_o with_o he_o and_o lay_v siege_n to_o the_o castle_n of_o caereneon_n which_o he_o burn_v to_o the_o ground_n but_o the_o loss_n of_o this_o place_n be_v make_v up_o by_o the_o take_n of_o ruthlan_n castle_n which_o owen_n rhys_n and_o cadwallader_n joint_o besiege_v and_o which_o be_v so_o strong_o fortify_v and_o so_o manful_o defend_v that_o it_o cost_v they_o three_o month_n before_o they_o can_v make_v themselves_o master_n of_o the_o place_n afterward_o they_o win_v the_o castle_n of_o prestatyn_n and_o reduce_v the_o whole_a country_n of_o tegengl_n subject_n to_o prince_n owen_n and_o then_o return_v home_o to_o their_o respective_a dominion_n and_o from_o henceforward_o nothing_o of_o moment_n be_v transact_v during_o the_o remainder_n of_o prince_n owen_n reign_n a.d._n 1167_o only_a his_o son_n conan_n most_o unmerciful_o slay_v vrgeney_n abbot_n of_o lhwythlawr_n together_o with_o his_o nephew_n lhawthen_n but_o a_o little_a after_o prince_n rhys_n of_o south-wales_n a.d._n 1168_o release_v out_o of_o prison_n his_o nephew_n robert_n son_n to_o stephen_n constable_n who_o as_o be_v say_v before_o he_o have_v take_v at_o the_o siege_n of_o calgarran_n castle_n and_o send_v he_o to_o ireland_n to_o the_o aid_n of_o dermot_n the_o son_n of_o murchart_n king_n of_o linster_n who_o be_v then_o in_o actual_a war_n with_o the_o king_n of_o leimster_n with_o he_o and_o his_o brother_n morris_n fitz-gerald_n and_o their_o nephew_n robert_n meyler_n and_o raymond_n go_v over_o a_o strong_a detachment_n of_o welshman_n under_o the_o command_n of_o richard_n strongbow_n earl_n of_o strigule_n who_o be_v the_o chief_a motive_n of_o the_o conquest_n of_o ireland_n when_o it_o be_v first_o bring_v in_o subjection_n to_o the_o crown_n of_o england_n a.d._n 1169_o but_o the_o next_o year_n owen_n gwynedh_n son_n of_o gruffydh_fw-mi ap_fw-mi conan_n prince_n of_o north-wales_n depart_v this_o life_n in_o the_o two_o and_o thirty_o year_n of_o his_o reign_n he_o be_v a_o wise_a and_o a_o valorous_a prince_n ever_o fortunate_a and_o victorious_a in_o all_o his_o undertake_n insomuch_o as_o he_o never_o undertake_v any_o design_n but_o what_o he_o accomplish_v he_o have_v by_o different_a woman_n several_a issue_n who_o get_v themselves_o great_a esteem_n
warden_n of_o the_o march_n of_o wales_n who_o think_v to_o get_v to_o himself_o a_o eternal_a name_n in_o conquer_a the_o welsh_a raise_v all_o the_o power_n he_o can_v and_o imagine_v that_o the_o welsh_a can_v not_o be_v privy_a to_o his_o purpose_n he_o apprehend_v he_o can_v fall_v upon_o the_o earl-marshal_n unexpected_a but_o in_o this_o he_o be_v to_o his_o sorrow_n most_o wide_o mistake_v for_o the_o earl_n have_v receive_v private_a intimation_n of_o his_o design_n hide_v himself_o ân_o a_o certain_a wood_n by_o which_o the_o english_a be_v to_o march_v and_o when_o they_o be_v come_v so_o far_o the_o welsh_a of_o a_o sudden_a give_v a_o great_a shout_n and_o leap_v out_o of_o the_o place_n they_o have_v abscond_v themselves_o in_o they_o fall_v âpon_o the_o english_a be_v unprovided_a and_o put_v their_o whole_a army_n to_o flight_n they_o slay_v a_o infinite_a number_n both_o of_o the_o english_a and_o their_o auxiliary_n john_n of_o monmouth_n himself_o make_v his_o escape_n by_o flight_n but_o the_o earl-marshal_n enter_v his_o country_n destroy_v it_o with_o fire_n and_o sword_n and_o what_o add_v to_o the_o misery_n of_o the_o english_a prince_n lhewelyn_n in_o the_o week_n after_o epiphany_n join_v the_o earl-marshal_n make_v a_o incursion_n into_o the_o king_n territory_n destroy_v all_o before_o they_o from_o the_o confine_n of_o wales_n to_o shrewsbury_n a_o great_a part_n of_o which_o they_o lay_v in_o ash_n king_n henry_n be_v all_o this_o while_n with_o the_o bishop_n of_o winchester_n at_o gloucester_n and_o for_o want_v of_o sufficient_a power_n or_o courage_n to_o confront_v the_o enemy_n dare_v not_o take_v the_o field_n of_o which_o be_v at_o length_n perfect_o ashamed_a he_o remove_v to_o winchester_n leave_v the_o march_n naked_a to_o the_o mercy_n of_o the_o enemy_n and_o now_o there_o be_v no_o apprehension_n of_o fear_n from_o the_o english_a the_o earl_n of_o pembrock_n by_o the_o counsel_n of_o geoffrey_n de_fw-fr marisco_n transport_v his_o army_n into_o ireland_n think_v to_o obtain_v a_o conquest_n in_o that_o kingdom_n but_o in_o the_o first_o encounter_n with_o the_o irish_a he_o be_v unfortunate_o slay_v through_o the_o treachery_n of_o his_o own_o man_n and_o so_o his_o estate_n and_o title_n descend_v to_o his_o brother_n gilbert_n but_o king_n henry_n find_v it_o impracticable_a to_o force_v the_o welsh_a to_o a_o submission_n and_o be_v in_o a_o great_a measure_n weary_a of_o continual_a war_n and_o incessant_a hostility_n think_v it_o his_o best_a prudence_n to_o make_v some_o honourable_a agreement_n with_o the_o prince_n of_o wales_n and_o therefore_o he_o depute_v edmund_n archbishop_n of_o canterbury_n the_o bishop_n of_o rochester_n coventry_n and_o lichfield_n and_o chester_n to_o treat_v with_o prince_n lhewelyn_n about_o a_o peace_n when_o the_o king_n come_v to_o meet_v with_o they_o in_o their_o return_n from_o this_o negotiation_n be_v at_o woodstock_n he_o be_v certify_v of_o the_o death_n of_o the_o earl_n of_o pembrock_n which_o he_o take_v so_o much_o to_o heart_n that_o he_o present_o melt_v into_o tear_n be_v afflict_v for_o the_o death_n of_o so_o great_a a_o person_n who_o he_o open_o declare_v have_v not_o leave_v his_o second_o in_o all_o his_o kingdom_n go_v from_o thence_o to_o gloucester_n he_o meet_v with_o the_o archbishop_n and_o bishop_n who_o deliver_v to_o he_o the_o appendix_n the_o see_v the_o appendix_n form_n of_o the_o treaty_n of_o peace_n with_o prince_n lhewelyn_n which_o he_o will_v not_o conclude_v unless_o upon_o this_o condition_n that_o all_o the_o english_a nobility_n who_o be_v confederated_a with_o he_o and_o by_o evil_a counsel_n be_v exile_v shall_v be_v recall_v and_o restore_v to_o the_o king_n favour_n the_o archbishop_n further_o acquaint_v his_o majesty_n with_o what_o difficulty_n he_o have_v bring_v the_o matter_n to_o this_o conclusion_n be_v sometime_o force_v to_o add_v threaten_n on_o the_o king_n behalf_n with_o his_o clergy_n to_o which_o menace_n the_o prince_n be_v say_v to_o have_v answer_v that_o he_o bear_v more_o regard_n to_o the_o king_n charity_n and_o piety_n than_o he_o do_v fear_v his_o arm_n or_o dread_v his_o clergy_n but_o the_o king_n who_o be_v very_o desirous_a of_o a_o peace_n ready_o consent_v to_o what_o the_o prince_n require_v and_o therefore_o he_o issue_v out_o his_o letter_n recall_v all_o the_o noble_n who_o be_v outlaw_v or_o otherwise_o exile_v require_v they_o to_o appear_v at_o gloucester_n upon_o sunday_n next_o before_o ascension_n day_n where_o they_o shall_v receive_v their_o pardon_n and_o be_v restore_v to_o their_o estate_n which_o the_o king_n have_v take_v into_o his_o own_o hand_n the_o peace_n be_v thus_o conclude_v betwixt_o the_o english_a and_o welsh_a prince_n lhewelyn_n set_v his_o son_n gruffydh_n at_o liberty_n who_o for_o his_o disobedient_a and_o restless_a humour_n he_o have_v detain_v in_o close_a prison_n for_o the_o space_n of_o six_o year_n about_o the_o same_o time_n cadwalhon_fw-mi ap_fw-mi maelgon_fw-mi of_o melienydh_n depart_v this_o life_n who_o be_v quick_o follow_v by_o owen_n gruffydh_fw-mi ap_fw-mi rhy_n son_n a_o person_n of_o great_a worth_n and_o exceed_o belove_v and_o a.d._n 1235_o be_v bury_v at_o ystratflur_n by_o his_o brother_n rhys_n and_o the_o year_n follow_v dye_v owen_n ap_fw-mi meredith_n ap_fw-mi rotpert_n of_o cydewen_n and_o not_o long_o after_o he_o madawc_n 1236._o a._n d._n 1236._o the_o son_n of_o gruffydh_n mayelor_n lord_n of_o bromfield_n chirk_n and_o yale_n who_o be_v bury_v at_o the_o abbey_n of_o lhan_n egwest_n or_o vale_fw-la crucis_fw-la which_o he_o have_v build_v leave_v issue_n behind_o he_o one_o son_n call_v gruffydh_n who_o succeed_v into_o the_o possession_n of_o all_o these_o lordship_n a_o little_a after_o gilbert_n earl_n of_o pembrock_n get_v by_o treachery_n marchen_a castle_n which_o belong_v to_o morgan_n ap_fw-mi howel_n and_o fortify_v the_o same_o very_o strong_o for_o fear_v of_o prince_n lhewelyn_n the_o next_o spring_n joan_n king_n john_n daughter_n and_o princess_n of_o wales_n depart_v this_o life_n and_o be_v a.d._n 1237_o bury_v according_a to_o her_o own_o desire_n upon_o the_o seashore_n at_o a_o place_n call_v lhanfaes_n in_o the_o isle_n of_o anglesey_n where_o the_o prince_n in_o memory_n of_o she_o afterward_o found_v a_o religious_a house_n for_o the_o order_n of_o mendicant-friar_n about_o the_o same_o time_n also_o die_v john_n scot_n earl_n of_o chester_n without_o any_o issue_n upon_o which_o account_n the_o king_n seize_v that_o earldom_n into_o his_o own_o hand_n hugh_n lupus_n be_v the_o first_o that_o enjoy_v this_o honour_n who_o come_v over_o to_o england_n with_o the_o conqueror_n be_v by_o he_o create_v earl_n of_o chester_n and_o sword-bearer_n of_o england_n habendum_fw-la &_o tenendum_fw-la dictum_fw-la comitatum_fw-la cestriae_fw-la sibi_fw-la &_o haeredibus_fw-la suis_fw-la ita_fw-la liberè_fw-la ad_fw-la gladium_fw-la sicut_fw-la ipse_fw-la rex_fw-la totam_fw-la tenebat_fw-la angliam_fw-la ad_fw-la coronam_fw-la to_o have_v and_o to_o hold_v the_o say_a county_n of_o chester_n to_o he_o and_o his_o heir_n by_o right_a of_o the_o sword_n so_o free_o and_o secure_o as_o the_o king_n hold_v the_o realm_n of_o england_n in_o the_o right_n of_o the_o crown_n after_o five_o descent_n randulph_n bohun_n come_v to_o be_v earl_n of_o chester_n who_o be_v uncle_n to_o this_o john_n the_o last_o earl_n this_o randulph_n have_v several_a encounter_n with_o prince_n lhewelyn_n and_o be_v in_o continual_a agitation_n against_o he_o but_o once_o more_o particular_o meet_v with_o the_o prince_n and_o be_v sensible_a of_o his_o inability_n to_o withstand_v he_o he_o be_v oblige_v to_o retire_v for_o refuge_n to_o the_o castle_n of_o ruthlan_n which_o the_o prince_n present_o besiege_v randulph_n perceive_v himself_o to_o be_v in_o danger_n send_v to_o roger_n lacie_n constable_n of_o chester_n request_v he_o to_o raise_v what_o strength_n he_o can_v possible_a and_o come_v to_o succour_v he_o in_o this_o extremity_n wherefore_o lacie_n have_v receive_v this_o express_a call_v to_o he_o present_o all_o his_o friend_n desire_v they_o to_o make_v all_o the_o endeavour_n imaginable_a to_o rescue_v the_o earl_n from_o that_o imminent_a danger_n which_o so_o severe_o threaten_v he_o at_o who_o request_n ralph_n dutton_n his_o son_n in_o law_n a_o valorous_a youth_n assemble_v together_o all_o the_o player_n and_o musician_n and_o such_o as_o then_o be_v fair-time_n have_v meet_v to_o make_v merry_a and_o present_v they_o to_o the_o constable_n he_o forthwith_o march_v to_o ruthlan_n raise_v the_o siege_n and_o deliver_v the_o earl_n from_o all_o his_o fear_n in_o recompense_n of_o this_o service_n the_o earl_n grant_v the_o constable_n several_a freedom_n and_o privilege_n and_o to_o dutton_n the_o roll_a and_o order_v all_o player_n and_o musician_n within_o the_o say_a country_n to_o be_v
to_o gruffydh_fw-mi invite_v the_o king_n of_o england_n to_o come_v to_o invade_v theiâ_n country_n and_o to_o correct_v the_o unnatural_a enmity_n theiâ_n prince_n express_v to_o his_o brother_n but_o when_o all_o difference_n be_v over_o the_o king_n of_o england_n return_v with_o his_o army_n shameful_o back_o and_o the_o prince_n anâ_n his_o nobility_n reconcile_v the_o welsh_a may_v have_v expect_v a_o very_a happy_a time_n of_o it_o have_v not_o death_n take_v the_o prince_n so_o unnatural_o away_o before_o he_o have_v well_o know_v what_o a_o peaceful_a reign_n be_v lhewelyn_n ap_fw-mi gruffydh_fw-mi ârince_n david_n be_v dead_a the_o principality_n of_o ãâã_d north_n wales_n legal_o descend_v to_o sir_n ralph_n morâââer_n in_o right_a of_o his_o wife_n gladys_n daughter_n to_o âââwelyn_n ap_fw-mi jorwerth_n but_o the_o welsh_a nobility_n beâââ_n assemble_v together_o for_o the_o elect_n and_o nominate_v a_o successor_n think_v it_o by_o no_o mean_n advisaâââ_n to_o admit_v a_o stranger_n to_o the_o crown_n though_o his_o ââde_n be_v never_o so_o lawful_a and_o especial_o a_o engââââman_n by_o who_o obligation_n to_o the_o crown_n of_o engâââd_n they_o must_v of_o necessity_n expect_v to_o become_v subâââs_n or_o rather_o slave_n to_o the_o english_a government_n âherefore_o they_o unanimous_o agree_v to_o set_v up_o lheâââyn_n and_o owen_n goch_n the_o son_n of_o gruffydh_n a_o base_a ãâã_d of_o lhewelyn_n ap_fw-mi jorwerth_n and_o brother_n to_o prince_n ââvid_v who_o be_v send_v for_o and_o appear_v before_o the_o assembly_n all_o the_o noble_n and_o baron_n then_o present_a ãâã_d they_o homage_n and_o receive_v they_o for_o their_o soâââeigns_n but_o as_o soon_o as_o the_o king_n of_o england_n understand_v of_o the_o death_n of_o the_o prince_n of_o wales_n he_o ââought_v the_o country_n be_v in_o a_o unsettled_a and_o waââring_a condition_n he_o may_v effect_v great_a matter_n there_o use_v therefore_o he_o send_v one_o nicholas_n de_fw-fr miles_n to_o south-wales_a with_o the_o title_n of_o justice_n of_o that_o country_n ââth_v who_o he_o join_v in_o commission_n meredith_n ap_fw-mi ââys_v gryc_a and_o meredith_n ap_fw-mi owen_n ap_fw-mi gruffydh_fw-mi ãâã_d eject_v and_o disinherit_v maelgon_n fychan_n of_o all_o his_o âands_n and_o estate_n in_o south-wales_n the_o like_a injurious_a practice_n be_v commit_v against_o howel_n ap_fw-mi meredith_n âho_fw-mi be_v forcible_o rob_v of_o all_o his_o estate_n in_o glamorâân_n by_o the_o earl_n of_o clare_n these_o unreasonable_a exââtions_n be_v insupportable_a maelgon_n and_o howel_n make_v ââown_v their_o grievance_n to_o the_o prince_n of_o north-wales_n desire_v their_o succour_n and_o assistance_n for_o the_o recovery_n âf_fw-mi their_o lawful_a inheritance_n from_o the_o encroachment_n of_o the_o english_a but_o the_o king_n of_o england_n understand_v their_o design_n lead_v his_o army_n into_o wales_n ãâã_d on_o who_o arrival_n the_o welsh_a withdraw_v themselves_o to_o snowden-hill_n where_o they_o so_o tire_v the_o englâââ_n army_n that_o the_o king_n find_v he_o can_v do_v no_o goââ_n after_o some_o stay_n there_o return_v back_o to_o england_n wiââ_n in_o a_o while_n after_o ralph_n mortimer_n the_o husband_n gladys_n dhu_n die_v leave_v his_o whole_a estate_n and_o wââ_n it_o a_o lawful_a title_n to_o the_o principality_n of_o north-wales_a to_o his_o son_n sir_n roger_n mortimer_n a.d._n 1247_o the_o next_o year_n nothing_o memorable_a pass_v between_o the_o english_a and_o the_o welsh_a 739._o m._n paris_n p._n 739._o only_o the_o dismal_a effect_n the_o last_o year_n expedition_n be_v not_o wear_v off_o ãâã_d ground_n be_v uncapable_a of_o cultivation_n and_o the_o câââtel_n be_v in_o great_a measure_n destroy_v by_o the_o englâââ_n occasion_v great_a poverty_n and_o want_n in_o the_o countââ_n but_o the_o great_a calamity_n befall_v the_o bishop_n s._n asâââ_n and_o bangor_n be_v destroy_v and_o burn_v by_o the_o english_a the_o bishop_n thereof_o be_v reduce_v to_o that_o utmost_a extremity_n as_o to_o get_v their_o subsistence_n by_o other_o meââ_n charity_n the_o bishop_n also_o of_o s._n david_n decease_a aââ_n he_o of_o landaff_n have_v the_o misfortune_n to_o fall_v blind_a ãâã_d the_o bishopric_n of_o s._n david_n succeed_v thomas_n sââââ_n name_v wallensis_n by_o reason_n that_o he_o be_v bear_v in_o walââ_n who_o think_v himself_o oblige_v to_o benefit_v his_o own_o coââtry_n what_o lie_v in_o his_o power_n desire_v to_o be_v advance_v from_o the_o archdeaconry_n of_o lincoln_n to_o that_o sea_n whicâ_n the_o king_n easy_o grant_v and_o confirm_v he_o in_o ãâã_d a.d._n 1248_o the_o next_o summer_n prove_v somewhat_o more_o favourablâ_n to_o the_o welsh_a rhys_n fychan_n son_n to_o rhys_n mechyl_n woâ_n from_o the_o english_a the_o castle_n of_o carrec_n cynnen_n which_o his_o unkind_a mother_n out_o of_o malice_n or_o some_o ill_a opinion_n entertain_v of_o he_o have_v some_o time_n afore_o private_o deliver_v up_o to_o they_o and_o about_o the_o saââ_n time_n the_o body_n of_o gruffydh_fw-mi ap_fw-mi lhewelyn_n base_n son_n ãâã_d lhewelyn_n ap_fw-mi jorwerth_n be_v recover_v from_o the_o king_n oâ_n england_n by_o the_o earnest_a solicitation_n of_o the_o abboââ_n of_o conwey_n and_o ystratflur_n who_o convey_v it_o to_o conwey_n bestow_v upon_o it_o a_o very_a pompous_a and_o honourable_a innterment_n after_o this_o the_o affair_n of_o the_o welsh_a proceed_v a.d._n 1255_o peaceable_o for_o a_o long_a while_n and_o the_o country_n have_v sufficient_a opportunity_n to_o recover_v its_o former_a plenty_n but_o ãâã_d last_o to_o make_v good_a the_o proverb_n that_o plenty_n beget_v ââar_a they_o begin_v for_o want_v of_o a_o foreign_a enemy_n to_o ââarrel_v and_o fall_v out_o among_o themselves_o owen_n be_v too_o ââgh_a and_o ambitious_a to_o be_v satisfy_v with_o half_a the_o prinpality_n and_o therefore_o must_v needs_o have_v a_o fling_n at_o the_o âhole_a wherein_o fortune_n so_o far_o deceive_v he_o that_o he_o ââst_n his_o own_o stake_n as_o will_v afterward_o appear_v but_o ââe_v better_a to_o encompass_v his_o design_n by_o sly_a insinuaââons_n he_o persuade_v david_n his_o young_a brother_n to_o seâând_v his_o cause_n and_o they_o with_o joint_a interest_n levy_v ââeir_n power_n with_o intention_n to_o dethrone_v their_o elder_a ââother_n lhewelyn_n but_o that_o be_v no_o easy_a matter_n ãâã_d lhewelyn_n be_v prepare_v to_o receive_v they_o and_o with_o puissant_a army_n meet_v they_o in_o the_o field_n and_o so_o be_v âââolved_v to_o venture_v all_o upon_o the_o fortune_n of_o a_o battle_n ãâã_d be_v strange_a and_o grievous_a to_o behold_v this_o unnatural_a âivil_a war_n and_o the_o more_o grievous_a now_o by_o reason_n ââat_v it_o so_o manifest_o weaken_v the_o strength_n of_o the_o welsh_a to_o withstand_v the_o incursion_n of_o the_o english_a âho_fw-mi be_v extreme_o please_v with_o so_o fair_a a_o opportunity_n to_o fall_v upon_o they_o but_o they_o be_v too_o far_o enââged_v to_o consider_v of_o future_a inconvenience_n and_o a_o ââyal_a of_o war_n they_o must_v have_v though_o the_o englishâere_v âere_z ready_a to_o fall_v upon_o both_o army_n the_o battle_n âeing_v join_v the_o day_n prove_v bloody_a of_o both_o side_n ând_v whether_o be_v like_a to_o conquer_v be_v not_o present_o discover_v till_o at_o length_n owen_n begin_v to_o give_v âround_n and_o in_o fine_a be_v overthrow_v himself_o and_o his_o ârother_n david_n be_v take_v prisoner_n lhewelyn_n ââough_o he_o have_v sufficient_a reason_n will_v not_o put_v his_o ârothers_n to_o death_n but_o commit_v they_o into_o close_a prison_n seize_v all_o their_o estate_n into_o his_o own_o hand_n ând_v so_o enjoy_v the_o whole_a principality_n of_o wales_n the_o english_a see_v the_o welsh_a at_o this_o rate_n oppress_v ând_n destroy_v one_o another_o think_v they_o have_v full_a liberty_n to_o deal_v with_o they_o as_o they_o please_v and_o thereupon_o begin_v to_o exercise_v all_o manner_n of_o wrong_n and_o injustice_n against_o they_o insomuch_o that_o the_o next_o year_n all_o a.d._n 1256_o the_o lord_n of_o wales_n come_v in_o a_o body_n to_o prince_n lhewelyn_n and_o declare_v their_o grievance_n how_o unmerciful_o prince_n edward_n who_o his_o father_n have_v send_v to_o wales_n and_z other_o of_o the_o nobility_n of_o england_n deal_n with_o they_o how_o without_o any_o colour_n of_o justice_n they_o seize_v upon_o their_o estate_n without_o any_o room_n for_o appeal_n whereas_o if_o themselves_o offend_v in_o the_o least_o they_o be_v punish_v to_o the_o utmost_a extremity_n in_o fine_a they_o solemn_o declare_v that_o they_o prefer_v to_o die_v honourable_o in_o the_o field_n before_o to_o be_v so_o unmerciful_o enslave_v to_o the_o will_n and_o pleasure_n of_o stranger_n prince_n lhewelyn_n be_v not_o a_o stranger_n to_o all_o this_o and_o now_o have_v happy_o discover_v the_o bent_n and_o inclination_n of_o his_o subject_n be_v resolve_v to_o prosecute_v if_o possible_a the_o expulsion_n of_o
and_o may_v be_v to_o their_o great_a oppression_n in_o those_o right_n which_o they_o have_v purchase_v and_o hitherto_o enjoy_v with_o their_o estate_n and_o also_o on_o occasion_n of_o great_a vexation_n to_o many_o of_o your_o majesty_n subject_n who_o have_v long_o have_v the_o absolute_a inheritance_n of_o several_a land_n comprehend_v in_o the_o say_a grant_n to_o the_o earl_n of_o portland_n by_o ancient_a grant_n from_o the_o crown_n his_o majesty_n answer_n gentleman_n i_o have_v kindness_n for_o my_o lord_n portland_n which_o he_o have_v deserve_v of_o i_o by_o long_a and_o faithful_a service_n but_o i_o shall_v not_o have_v give_v he_o these_o land_n if_o i_o have_v imagine_v the_o house_n of_o commons_o can_v have_v be_v concern_v i_o will_v therefore_o recall_v the_o grant_n and_o find_v some_o other_o way_n of_o show_v my_o favour_n to_o he_o the_o lordship_n of_o ruthyn_n continue_v in_o the_o possession_n of_o the_o grays_n till_o the_o reign_n of_o henry_n vii_o 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his_o death_n more_o lament_v by_o the_o english_a nation_n who_o have_v he_o live_v to_o sit_v upon_o the_o helm_n no_o one_o doubt_v but_o that_o he_o will_v have_v exceed_v as_o to_o all_o qualification_n the_o most_o glorious_a renown_n of_o the_o great_a of_o his_o ancestor_n in_o the_o time_n of_o edward_n the_o three_o live_v sir_n tudor_n vaughan_n ap_fw-mi grono_n descend_v lineal_o from_o ednyfed_a vaughan_n a_o person_n as_o to_o estate_n power_n and_o interest_n one_o of_o the_o chief_a in_o north_n wales_n upon_o some_o motive_n either_o of_o ambition_n or_o fancy_n he_o assume_v to_o himself_o the_o honour_n of_o knighthood_n require_v all_o people_n to_o call_v and_o style_v he_o sir_n tudor_n ap_fw-mi grono_n as_o if_o he_o do_v prognosticate_v and_o foresee_v that_o out_o of_o his_o loin_n shall_v arise_v those_o that_o shall_v have_v power_n to_o confer_v that_o honor._n king_n edward_n be_v inform_v of_o such_o unparalleled_a presumption_n send_v for_o sir_n tudor_n 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gerard_n braybroke_n the_o father_n and_o sir_n gerard_n the_o son_n than_o feoffee_n of_o divers_a lordship_n for_o this_o reginald_n to_o sell_v the_o manor_n of_o hertelegh_n in_o the_o county_n of_o kent_n towards_o the_o raise_n of_o that_o money_n and_o for_o the_o better_a enable_v he_o to_o pay_v so_o great_a a_o fine_a the_o king_n be_v please_v to_o grant_v that_o whereas_o it_o be_v enact_v that_o such_o person_n who_o be_v owner_n of_o land_n in_o ireland_n and_o do_v not_o there_o reside_v shall_v for_o such_o their_o neglect_n forfeit_v two_o part_n of_o the_o profit_n of_o they_o to_o the_o king_n that_o notwithstanding_o this_o act_n he_o shall_v forfeit_v nothing_o for_o nonresidence_n there_o during_o the_o term_n of_o six_o year_n next_o ensue_v this_o good_a success_n over_o the_o lord_n grace_n together_o with_o the_o numerous_a resort_n of_o the_o welsh_a to_o he_o and_o the_o favourable_a interpretation_n of_o the_o prophecy_n of_o merdhyn_n which_o some_o construe_v very_o advantagioussy_a make_v the_o swell_a mind_n of_o glyndwr_n overflow_v its_o bank_n and_o give_v he_o some_o hope_n of_o restore_v this_o island_n back_o to_o the_o britain_n wherefore_o he_o set_v upon_o the_o earl_n of_o march_n who_o meet_v he_o with_o a_o numerous_a party_n of_o hereford-shire_n man_n but_o when_o they_o come_v to_o close_v the_o welshman_n prove_v too_o powerful_a and_o have_v kill_v above_o a_o thousand_o man_n of_o the_o english_a they_o take_v the_o earl_n of_o march_n prisoner_n king_n henry_n upon_o this_o be_v frequent_o request_v to_o ransom_n the_o earl_n but_o to_o no_o purpose_n for_o whether_o by_o reason_n that_o mortimer_n have_v a_o just_a title_n to_o the_o crown_n than_o himself_o he_o be_v the_o next_o heir_n in_o blood_n after_o king_n richard_n who_o be_v as_o yet_o live_v or_o because_o of_o some_o other_o private_a odium_fw-la the_o king_n will_v
canonize_v 160._o john_n k._n of_o england_n in_o his_o way_n to_o ireland_n through_o wales_n discharge_v a_o criminal_a that_o murder_v a_o priest_n 226._o famish_v will_n de_fw-fr bruce_n and_o maud_n his_o aunt_n at_o windsor_n after_o his_o return_n 227._o the_o reason_n of_o his_o cruelty_n and_o disaffection_n to_o priest_n ib._n march_v with_o a_o great_a army_n into_o wales_n and_o return_n without_o success_n 229_o 230._o make_v a_o second_o expedition_n ib._n order_n foulk_n viscount_n cardyff_fw-mi to_o subdue_v those_o that_o oppose_v in_o south-wales_n and_o they_o at_o last_o do_v he_o homage_n but_o quick_o revolt_v 231_o 232._o make_v a_o expedition_n into_o wales_n 229._o make_v a_o second_o and_o three_o and_o hang_v the_o welsh_a pledge_n reconcile_v himself_o to_o rome_n and_o engage_v in_o a_o civil_a war_n with_o his_o baron_n 237._o dies_z and_o be_v succeed_v by_o his_o son_n henry_n 242._o jorwerth_n ap_fw-mi blethyn_n revolt_v from_o the_o earl_n of_o salop_n 124._o base_o use_v by_o k._n henry_n for_o it_o the_o reason_n of_o it_o 125._o deliver_v out_o of_o prison_n 133._o forbid_v owen_n and_o madawc_n to_o retire_v to_o his_o estate_n 134._o beset_v and_o slay_v by_o madawc_n and_o llywarch_n ap_fw-mi trahern_n 137._o joseph_n bishop_n of_o llandaff_n die_v at_o rome_n 88_o ireland_n molest_v with_o locust_n 42._o ithel_n king_n of_o gwent_n slay_v 28._o l._n lhewelyn_n ap_fw-mi sytsylht_n make_v himself_o prince_n of_o all_o wales_n 79._o his_o good_a government_n ib._n slay_v meuric_n that_o rebel_v against_o he_o with_o his_o own_o hand_n 80._o suppress_v another_o rebellion_n 81._o base_o slay_v ibid._n lhewelyn_n p._n of_o north-wales_n take_v david_n ap_fw-mi owen_n prisoner_n 217._o receive_v homage_n of_o most_o of_o the_o welsh_a lord_n 222._o conquer_v gwenwynwyn_n country_n 225._o make_v a_o expedition_n into_o south-w_n and_o maelgon_n flee_v 225_o 226._o marry_v joan_n king_n john_n daughter_n 224._o sue_v and_o obtain_v peace_n of_o the_o king_n by_o the_o mean_n of_o his_o wife_n 231._o animate_v the_o lord_n of_o north-wales_n to_o join_v with_o he_o in_o a_o revolt_n against_o the_o king_n 233._o dispossess_v the_o english_a of_o all_o their_o hold_n in_o his_o country_n 237._o take_v shrewsbury_n though_o excommunicate_v by_o the_o pope_n 238._o subdue_v cardigan_n and_o carmarthen_n 240._o reconcile_v the_o âonds_n in_o south-wales_n 241._o subdue_v powis_n 242._o refuse_v assistance_n to_o king_n john_n against_o the_o dauphine_n ibid._n make_v rynald_n bruce_n who_o have_v revolt_v submit_v to_o he_o â43_n receive_v the_o submission_n and_o allegiance_n of_o the_o fleming_n in_o dyfed_a ibid._n subdue_v the_o revolt_a flemings_n again_o 246._o make_v his_o son_n gruffydh_n submit_v ibid._n complain_v of_o to_o the_o king_n of_o england_n by_o young_a rhys_n adju_v matter_n with_o he_o 247._o seize_v the_o castle_n of_o william_n marshal_n earl_n of_o pembroke_n in_o wales_n and_o occasion_n a_o war_n between_o they_o 247_o 248._o worst_n the_o english_a army_n pay_v homage_n to_o henry_n iii_o 249._o destroy_v the_o march_n 252._o make_v a_o descent_n upon_o england_n 253._o be_v join_v by_o the_o earl_n of_o pembroke_n against_o king_n henry_n rout_v his_o army_n 254._o make_v a_o incursion_n into_o the_o king_n territory_n 255._o make_v peace_n with_o the_o king_n 256._o set_v his_o son_n gruffydh_n at_o liberty_n ibid._n bury_v his_o princess_n joan_n 257._o force_a to_o quit_v the_o siege_n of_o ruthlan_n 258._o make_v the_o welsh_a do_v homage_n to_o his_o son_n david_n ibid._n die_n his_o character_n and_o issue_n â59_n llewelyn_n ap_fw-mi gruffydh_fw-mi and_o owen_n gôch_v his_o brother_n declare_v prince_n of_o north-wales_n 269._o quarrel_n and_o owen_n with_o his_o brother_n david_n make_v close_a prisoner_n 271._o recover_v the_o inland_n country_n of_o north-wales_n from_o the_o english_a 272._o waste_v cheshire_n ibid._n beat_v the_o irish_a by_o sea_n 273._o desire_n peace_n with_o the_o king_n but_o fail_v 277._o kind_a to_o sir_n roger_n mortimer_n 278._o make_v a_o peace_n by_o the_o pope_n mediation_n with_o the_o king_n 279._o refuse_v to_o attend_v upon_o king_n edward_n coronation_n 280._o the_o reason_n for_o his_o refusal_n 281._o a_o accident_n make_v he_o pliable_a 283._o severe_a condition_n of_o peace_n impose_v upon_o he_o 284._o marry_a to_o elinor_n earl_n montfords_n daughter_n at_o worcester_n 285._o reconcile_v with_o his_o brother_n david_n and_o join_v against_o the_o english_a 286._o offer_v to_o submit_v to_o the_o king_n conditional_o 292._o send_v a_o letter_n to_o the_o archbishop_n of_o canterbury_n and_o the_o general_a answer_n of_o the_o welsh_a to_o his_o proposal_n 293_o 294_o 295._o betray_v in_o buellt_n and_o kill_v 297._o london_n besiege_v by_o the_o dane_n 65._o m._n mahael_n dispossess_v of_o his_o inheritance_n by_o his_o unnatural_a mother_n nest_n mean_n and_o how_o 115._o madoc_n ap_fw-mi meredith_n prince_n of_o powis_n stick_v to_o the_o english_a interest_n 173._o madawc_n reconcile_v to_o king_n henry_n 138._o take_a prisoner_n by_o meredith_n ap_fw-mi blethin_n 139._o have_v his_o eye_n pull_v out_o by_o owen_n ibid._n madawc_n ab_fw-la owen_n gwynedh_n sail_v into_o america_n 196._o plant_n a_o colony_n there_o ib._n maelgon_n disturb_v south-wales_n 228._o beat_v by_o his_o nephew_n rhys_n and_o owen_n 229._o march_v earl_n of_o marry_v owen_n glyndwr_n daughter_n 318._o consent_v by_o indenture_n to_o divide_v england_n between_o owen_n piercy_n and_o himself_o 318._o maud_n the_o empress_n land_n in_o england_n and_o be_v receive_v at_o arundel_n 162._o meredith_n ap_fw-mi owen_n possess_v of_o all_o wales_n 64._o dispossess_v of_o north-wales_n 67._o and_o rout_v by_o edwal_n ap_fw-mi meuric_n their_o new_a prince_n 68_o die_v without_o issue_n male_a 69._o meredith_n ap_fw-mi owen_n make_v prince_n of_o south-wales_n 96._o slay_a in_o battle_n against_o caradoc_n ap_fw-mi gruffydh_fw-mi 102._o meredith_n and_o rhys_n ap_fw-mi gruffydh_fw-mi prevail_v in_o south-wales_n 171._o meredith_n death_n and_o character_n 172._o merfyn_n frych_a be_v make_v king_n of_o wales_n 24._o be_v slay_v 27._o merlin_n ambrose_n and_o sylvester_n their_o time_n country_n and_o prophecy_n 10_o 11._o morgan_z hên_o die_v a_o hundred_o year_n old_a his_o marriage_n estate_n and_o issue_v 58._o morgan_z ap_fw-mi owen_n kill_v robert_n fitz-gilbert_n and_o his_o son_n 157._o slay_v 175._o morgan_z ap_fw-mi cadogan_n repent_v of_o his_o murder_n commit_v 156._o murder_n commit_v 156._o item_n 163._o n._n newmarch_n a_o norman_a obtain_v the_o lordship_n of_o brecknock_n and_o marry_v nest_n daughter_n to_o llewelyn_n ap_fw-mi gruffydh_fw-mi 115._o norman_n twice_o decimate_v and_o put_v to_o death_n in_o england_n 86._o they_o waste_v and_o plunder_v dyfe_v 103._o they_o seize_v upon_o the_o lordship_n of_o glamorgan_n 113._o the_o name_n of_o the_o adventurer_n ibid._n they_o possess_v themselves_o of_o several_a lordship_n in_o wales_n 117._o divers_a of_o they_o slay_v in_o cardigan_n ibid._n rout_v again_o by_o cadwgan_n ap_fw-mi blethyn_n prince_n of_o south-wales_n and_o their_o castle_n destroy_v 118._o slaughter_v divers_a time_n by_o the_o welsh_a and_o force_v to_o quit_v the_o country_n 119_o 120._o northumberland_n invade_v by_o the_o scot_n 109._o o._n offa_n king_n of_o mercia_n make_v a_o ditch_n from_o sea_n to_o sea_n 20._o his_o death_n 21._o owen_n ap_fw-mi edwin_n a_o traitor_n to_o his_o country_n 121._o make_a prince_n of_o wales_n by_o the_o english_a but_o soon_o lose_v it_o 122._o his_o death_n and_o pedigree_n 126._o owen_n the_o son_n of_o cadwgan_n enamour_v of_o nest_n the_o wife_n of_o gerald_n king_n henry_n lieutenant_n in_o wales_n 129._o steal_v she_o away_o ibid._n fly_v into_o ireland_n 135._o return_n and_o waste_v the_o country_n in_o conjunction_n with_o maradoc_n ap_fw-mi riryd_n 133._o his_o man_n slay_v a_o english_a bishop_n the_o cause_n of_o cadwgan_n his_o father_n be_v dispossess_v of_o his_o estate_n 135._o force_v to_o flee_v into_o ireland_n with_o madawc_n ibid._n return_n and_o be_v reconcile_v to_o the_o king_n 138._o divide_v madawc's_o estate_n between_o himself_o and_o meredith_n ap_fw-mi blethyn_n 139._o flee_v for_o fear_n of_o king_n henry_n into_o north-wales_n 140._o reconcile_v to_o the_o king_n 141._o owen_n be_v brave_a and_o knight_v in_o normandy_n 142._o employ_v by_o king_n henry_n against_o gruffydh_fw-mi ap_fw-mi rhys_n 148._o slay_v by_o gerald_n 149._o owen_n gwynedh_n succeed_v prince_n of_o north-wales_n 160._o mighty_o concern_v at_o the_o death_n of_o his_o son_n run_v 165._o take_v and_o race_n the_o castle_n of_o mould_n 166._o pull_v out_o his_o nephew_n cunedah_n eye_n and_o castrate_v he_o 170._o be_v provoke_v invade_v llandhinam_n 193._o dies_fw-la his_o character_n and_o issue_n 194._o owen_n cyfeilioc_n and_o owen_n fychan_n dispossess_v jorwerth_n gôch_o of_o his_o estate_n in_o powis_n 192._o cyfeilioc_fw-la dies_fw-la
gruffydh_n llwyd_n son_n of_o rhys_n ap_fw-mi gruffydh_fw-mi ap_fw-mi ednyfe_v fychan_n a_o stout_a and_o a_o valiant_a gentleman_n though_o not_o very_o fortunate_a and_o as_o florus_n say_v of_o sertorius_n he_o be_v magnae_fw-la quidem_fw-la sed_fw-la calamitosae_fw-la virtutis_fw-la he_o be_v knight_v by_o king_n edward_n the_o first_o upon_o his_o bring_v the_o first_o news_n of_o the_o queen_n be_v safe_a delivery_n of_o a_o son_n at_o caernarvon_n castle_n the_o king_n hold_v then_o a_o parliament_n at_o ruthlan_n this_o sir_n gruffydh_n continue_v for_o some_o time_n very_o gracious_a with_o the_o king_n of_o england_n but_o observe_v at_o length_n the_o intolerable_a oppression_n and_o tyranny_n exercise_v by_o the_o english_a officer_n especial_o by_o sir_n roger_n mortimer_n lord_n of_o chirke_n and_o justice_n of_o north-wales_n towards_o his_o countryman_n the_o welsh_a become_v so_o far_o concern_v and_o discontent_v with_o such_o unwarrantable_a practice_n that_o he_o present_o break_v out_o into_o open_a rebellion_n against_o the_o english_a and_o the_o better_a to_o effect_v what_o he_o purpose_v he_o treat_v with_o sir_n edward_n bruce_n brother_n to_o robert_n then_o king_n of_o scotland_n who_o have_v conquer_v ireland_n to_o bring_v or_o send_v over_o some_o force_n to_o assist_v he_o in_o his_o design_n against_o the_o english_a upon_o which_o account_n he_o send_v he_o the_o follow_a letter_n nobili_fw-la in_o christo_fw-la conquestori_fw-la domino_fw-la edvardo_fw-la illustrissimo_fw-la regi_fw-la hiberniae_fw-la suus_fw-la si_fw-la placet_fw-la griffinus_n llwyd_n in_o north-wall_n reverentiam_fw-la debitam_fw-la in_o honore_fw-la avditâ_n nobis_fw-la vestri_fw-la in_o terrarum_fw-la conquisitione_n fama_fw-la egregia_fw-la in_o partibus_fw-la nostris_fw-la praecipuè_fw-la debelland_n aemulos_fw-la nostros_fw-la &_o vestros_fw-la qui_fw-la tam_fw-la vos_fw-la quam_fw-la nos_fw-la ab_fw-la haereditatibus_fw-la vi_fw-la injustè_fw-fr expellendo_fw-la destruxerunt_fw-la &_o nomen_fw-la nostrum_fw-la memoriamque_fw-la in_o terris_fw-la delere_fw-la conati_fw-la fuerunt_fw-la ab_fw-la initio_fw-la supra_fw-la modum_fw-la applaudimus_fw-la ut_fw-la meritò_fw-la debemus_fw-la omnes_fw-la unanimiter_fw-la in_o partibus_fw-la nostris_fw-la unde_fw-la vobis_fw-la ex_fw-la parte_fw-la wallensium_n nobilium_fw-la significo_fw-la per_fw-la praesentes_fw-la quod_fw-la si_fw-la ad_fw-la walliam_n cum_fw-la hominibus_fw-la vestris_fw-la dignemini_fw-la venire_fw-la vel_fw-la si_fw-la vos_fw-la in_o propriâ_fw-la personâ_fw-la accedere_fw-la illuc_fw-la non_fw-la poteritis_fw-la aliquem_fw-la nobilem_fw-la albanen_n comitem_fw-la baronem_fw-la vel_fw-la militem_fw-la cum_fw-la paucis_fw-la si_fw-la plurimi_fw-la nequeant_fw-la adesse_fw-la ad_fw-la dictas_fw-la part_n nostras_fw-la volueritis_fw-la mandare_fw-la parati_fw-la erimus_fw-la omnes_fw-la unanimiter_fw-la ........_o dicem_fw-la eo_fw-la quod_fw-la nomen_fw-la vestrum_fw-la celebre_fw-la ubique_fw-la publicetur_fw-la expugnat_fw-la si_fw-la quid_fw-la saxonibus_fw-la in_o albaniâ_fw-la per_fw-la illustrem_fw-la regem_fw-la fratrem_fw-la vestrum_fw-la ultim_fw-la per_fw-la vos_fw-la in_o hibernia_n per_fw-la vos_fw-la &_o nos_fw-la in_o wallia_fw-la statum_fw-la vestrum_fw-la pristinum_fw-la per_fw-la brutum_fw-la conquisitum_fw-la recuperabimus_fw-la ipsisque_fw-la suppeditatis_fw-la confusis_fw-la &_o dispersis_fw-la britannia_fw-la juxta_fw-la discretam_fw-la vestrae_fw-la dominationis_fw-la ordinationem_fw-la inter_fw-la britones_n &_o albaneos_fw-la in_o posterum_fw-la divisa_fw-la cohaereditabitur_fw-la valeat_fw-la dominatio_fw-la vestra_fw-la regius_fw-la per_fw-la cuncta_fw-la saecula_fw-la to_o this_o letter_n of_o sir_n gruffydh_n llwyd_n sir_n edward_n bruce_n return_v the_o follow_a answer_n omnibus_fw-la desiderantibus_fw-la à _fw-la servitute_fw-la liberari_fw-la saâutem_fw-la in_o eo_fw-la qui_fw-la desiderant_fw-la in_o se_fw-la relevat_fw-la &_o liberat_fw-la ab_fw-la angustiis_fw-la temporibus_fw-la opportunis_fw-la quia_fw-la quilibet_fw-la christianus_n obligatur_fw-la svo_fw-la proximo_fw-la in_o omni_fw-la angustiâ_fw-la subvenire_fw-la &_o praecipuè_fw-la illis_fw-la qui_fw-la ex_fw-la unâ_fw-la radâce_fw-la originis_fw-la sive_fw-la parentelae_fw-la &_o patriae_fw-la primitus_fw-la processerunt_fw-la ideo_fw-la compatientes_fw-la vestrae_fw-la servituti_fw-la &_o angustiae_fw-la jam_fw-la ......._o anglicana_n molestia_fw-la indigenti_fw-la decrevimus_fw-la auxiliante_fw-la altissimo_fw-la vestro_fw-la gravamini_fw-la occurrere_fw-la &_o innaturalem_fw-la &_o barbaricam_fw-la totis_fw-la viribus_fw-la anglicanam_fw-la de_fw-la vestris_fw-la finibus_fw-la expellere_fw-la servitutem_fw-la ut_fw-la sic_fw-la sicut_fw-la à _fw-la principio_fw-la albanicus_fw-la &_o britannicus_n populus_fw-la expulsis_fw-la hostibus_fw-la in_o perpetuum_fw-la fiet_fw-la unus_fw-la et_fw-la quia_fw-la nullus_fw-la inimicus_fw-la faciliter_fw-la relevatur_fw-la libenter_fw-la praecipimus_fw-la si_fw-la jugum_fw-la anglicanum_n in_fw-la tantum_fw-la vos_fw-la deprimit_fw-la quantum_fw-la nuper_fw-la depresserat_fw-la populum_fw-la scotianum_fw-la ut_fw-la sic_fw-la ex_fw-la vestro_fw-la concordi_fw-la conamine_fw-la &_o nostro_fw-la superveniente_fw-la juvamine_fw-la dispenente_fw-la semper_fw-la divino_fw-la positis_fw-la jura_fw-la vestra_fw-la &_o justitiam_fw-la recuperare_fw-la &_o proprietatem_fw-la ......._o haereditatem_fw-la pacificè_fw-la possidere_fw-la veruntamen_fw-la dei_fw-la cum_fw-la omne_fw-la serviunt_fw-la in_o isto_fw-la proposito_fw-la filium_fw-la invocamus_fw-la quod_fw-la non_fw-la ex_fw-la praesumptione_n &_o ambitione_n injusti_fw-la dominii_fw-la talia_fw-la attemptamus_fw-la sed_fw-la ex_fw-la mera_fw-fr compassione_n effusionis_fw-la innocentis_fw-la vestri_fw-la sanguinis_fw-la &_o subjectionis_fw-la intollerabilis_fw-la &_o signant_fw-la ad_fw-la hoc_fw-la quod_fw-la vellemus_fw-la inimicorum_fw-la vestrorum_fw-la &_o nostrorum_fw-la utres_fw-la reprimere_fw-la qui_fw-la nec_fw-la pacem_fw-la nec_fw-la concordiam_fw-la defiderant_fw-la imo_fw-la vestram_fw-la &_o nostram_fw-la finalem_fw-la destructionem_fw-la sicut_fw-la à _fw-la principio_fw-la ingressionis_fw-la eorum_fw-la in_o britanniam_fw-la incessanter_fw-la diebus_fw-la ac_fw-la noctibus_fw-la molientur_fw-la &_o quia_fw-la nullo_n modo_fw-la est_fw-la nostrae_fw-la conscientioe_fw-la quemquam_fw-la decipere_fw-la nec_fw-la etiam_fw-la decipi_fw-la à _fw-la quocunque_fw-la nostram_fw-la intentionem_fw-la &_o proposit_n sine_fw-la âergiversatione_fw-la aliquâ_fw-la declaramus_fw-la quod_fw-la libenter_fw-la sciremus_fw-la vestram_fw-la voluntatem_fw-la si_fw-la rationem_fw-la nostri_fw-la laboris_fw-la &_o conaminis_fw-la intuitu_fw-la relevationis_fw-la vestrae_fw-la acceptare_fw-la decrement_n nobis_fw-la committere_fw-la prosecutionem_fw-la querelae_fw-la vestrae_fw-la &_o 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