was to be had in any place in all the west parts of christendome In the summer of this yeare a greeuous mortalitie afflicted the north parts of this land so that the countrie became almost desolate And to the increase of that miserie the Scots thinking the time to serue thâ—ir turne inuaded the borders and most cruellie harried robbed and spoiled the same not letting passe any part of most cruell murthering of the people that were left aliue and not made awaie by that sore contagious sicknesse The number of cattell was infinite which they droue out of the land with them not sparing heards of swine which they tooke at this time where they neuer medled with that kind of cattell before that present Before the Scots made this iournie into England whilest the mortalitie was most in force they calling to certeine of the English borderers asked line 10 of them how it came to 〈◊〉 that so great a death reigned amongst them The Englishmen as good plaine and simple meaning men told them that trulie they knew not the cause for Gods iudgements were hid from them in such behalfe But one thing they knew that all calamitie death and aduersitie that chanced vnto them came by the speciall grace of God to the end that being punished for their sinnes they might learne to repent and amend their wicked liues The Scots hearing this when they should enter line 20 this land vnderstanding lewdlie what the Englishmen had told them concerning the disease and the grace of God deuised a blessing forsooth to be said euerie morning of the most ancient person in euerie familie as Benedicite said he Dominus said the residue Then began he againe saieng God and saint Mango saint Romane and saint Andro shield vs this daie fra Gods grace and the fewle death that Englishmen dien vpon Thus the senselesse men misconstruing this word the grace of God praied for line 30 their owne destruction which if not in this world yet for their brutish crueltie vsed at that present against the miserable creatures whom the hand of God had spared in time of that gréeuous mortalitie it is to be feared least in another world it came to them as the verie words of their praiers imported About the same time Iohn Schakell esquier was set at libertie the king compounded with him for his prisoner giuing fiue hundred marks in redie monie and lands to the value of a hundred marks by yeare line 40 When he should bring foorth his prisoner and deliuer him to the king this is to be noted as a thing verie strange and woonderfull For when he should appeare it was knowne to be the verie groome that had serued him in all the time of his trouble and would neuer vtter himselfe what he was before that time hauing serued him as an hired seruant all that while in prison and out of prison in danger of life when his other maister was murthered where if he would haue vttered himselfe he might haue beene enterteined in line 50 such honorable state as for a prisoner of his degrée had beene requisit so that the faithfull loue and assured constancie in this noble gentleman was highlie commended and praised and no lesse maruelled at of all men About the feast of S. Nicholas in this third yeare of king Richards reigne there went to sea an armie of men that should haue passed ouer into Britaine to the aid of the duke there vnder the conduct of sir Iohn Arundell sir Hugh Caluerlie sir Thomas Percie line 60 sir William Elmham sir Thomas Morews sir Thomas Banester manie other knights and esquires too long to rehearse a sufficient power vndoubtedlie to haue doone a great enterprise but they were no sooner on the sea but suddenlie there arose such an hideous tempest of wind and stormes that they looked presentlie to be all cast awaie they were scattered here and there and driuen they wist not whither The ship wherein sir Iohn Arundell was aboord chanced to be cast on the coast of Ireland and there driuen to forsake his ship that was readie to be broken in péeces by rage of waues beating it there against the rocks he was drowned before he could win to land in an I le neere to the which they had thrust in the ship To the like end came sir Thomas Banester sir Nicholas Trumpington and sir Thomas Dale impeaching each others as they leapt foorth of the ship also one Musard an esquire a most séemelie personage and a bold and an other esquier named Deniâ—ke being almost out of danger were fetched awaie by the surges of the sea and so perished with manie other Robert Rust a cunning seaman belonging to Blacknie in Northfolke maister of the ship wherein sir Iohn Arundell was imbarked was the first that got to land giuing example to others how to shift for themselues But when he saw his cheefe capteine the said sir Iohn Arundell got foorth to the sands and as one thinking himselfe past all danger to shake his wet garments about him the said Rust waieng the dangerous state wherein the said sir Iohn Arundell yet stood came downe and raught to him his hand inforsing himselfe to plucke him to the shore but whilest he tooke care for an other mans safetie and neglected his owne he lost his life and so they both perished togither for through a mightie billow of the raging seas they were both ouerthrowne and with returning of the waues backe drawne into the deepe so that they could neuer recouer foot-hold againe but were drowned The said Rust was much lamented bicause he was not onelie knowne to be a skilfull maister but also counselled the said sir Iohn Arundell in no wise to go to sea at what time he would needs set forward forsing the said Rust and the marriners to hoist vp sailes and make awaie They that scaped to land in that I le found nothing there to releeue their miseries but bare ground so that diuerse starued through cold wanting fier and other succour the residue that were lustie and wise withall ran vp and downe and sometime wrestling and otherwise chafing themselues remained there in great miserie from the thursdaie till sundaie at noone next insuing At what time when the sea was appeased and waxen calme the Irishmen that dwelled ouer against this I le on the maine came and fetched them thence and reléeued them the best they could being almost dead through trauell hunger and cold The said sir Iohn Arundell lost not onelie his life but all his furniture and apparell for his bodie which was verie sumptuous so that it was thought to surmount the apparell of any king For he had two and fiftie new sutes of apparell of cloth of gold or tissue as was reported all the which togither with his horsses geldings amounting to the value of ten thousand marks was lost at the sea And besides this there were lost at the same time fiue and twentie
be buried with his carren corps He reigned two yeers two moneths and one daie too long by six and twentie moneths and foure and twentie houres in most mens opinions to whome his name and presence was as swéet and delectable as his dooings princelie and his person amiable As he was small and little of stature so was he of bodie greatlie deformed the one shoulder higher than the other his face was small but his countenance cruell and such that at the first aspect a man would iudge it to sauour and smell of malice fraud and deceit When he stood musing he would bite and chaw busilie his nether lip as who said that his fierce nature in his cruell bodie alwaies chafed stirred and was euer vnquiet beside that the dagger which he ware he would when he studied with his hand plucke vp downe in the sheath to the midst neuer drawing it fullie out he was of a readie pregnant and quicke wit wilie to feine and apt to dissemble he had a proud mind and an arrogant stomach the which accompanied him euen to his death rather choosing to suffer the same by dint of sword than being forsaken and left helpelesse of his vnfaithfull companions to preserue by cowardlie flight such a fraile and vncerteine life which by malice sicknesse or condigne punishment was like shortlie to come to confusion Thus ended this prince his mortall life with infamie and dishonor which neuer preferred fame or honestie before ambition tyrannie and mischiefe And if he had continued still protector and suffered his nephues to haue liued and reigned no doubt but the realme had prospered he as much praised loued as he is now had in hatred but to God which knew his inward thoughts at the houre of his death I remit the punishment of his offenses commited in his life which if the one be as manifold as the other Gods iustice were not to be charged with crueltie For by nature he is mercifull slow to anger and loth to smite line 10 but yet euerie sinne in respect of his righteousnesse being deadlie much more heinous and horrible how can he but by iustice which is an essentiall vertue in him punish it seuerelie And if he did it with ten thousand torments who shall be so hardie as to expostulate and reason why he so dooth But to leaue the tyrant as he died you shall vnderstand that K. Henrie the seuenth caused a toome to be made and set vp ouer the place where he was buried in the church of the graie friers at Leicester with a picture of alabaster representing his person dooing line 20 that honour to his enimie vpon a princelie regard and pitifull zeale which king Richard mooued of an hypocriticall shew of counterfeit pitie did to king Henrie the sixt whom he had first cruellie murthered and after in the second yeare of his vsurped reigne caused his corps to be remooued from Chertseie vnto Windsore and there solemnlie interred And now to conclude with this cruell tyrant king Richard we may consider in what sort the ambitious desire to line 30 rule and gouerne in the house of Yorke was punished by Gods iust prouidence For although that the right might seeme to remaine in the person of Richard duke of Yorke slaine at Wakefield yet maie there be a fault worthilie reputed in him so to séeke to preuent the time appointed him by authoritie of parlement to atteine to the crowne infailed to him and his issue in whome also and not onelie in himselfe that offense as maie bée thought was dulie punished For although his eldest line 40 sonne Edward the fourth beeing a prince right prouident and circumspect for the suertie of his owne estate and his children insomuch that not content to cut off all his armed and apparant enimies he also of a gealous feare made awaie his brother the duke of Clarence and so thought to make all sure yet Gods vengeance might not be disappointed for as ye haue partlie heard he did but further thereby the destruction of his issue in taking awaie him that onlie might haue staied the crueltie of his brother of line 50 Glocester who inraged for desire of the kingdome be rest his innocent nephues of their liues estates And as it thus well appeared that the house of Yorke shewed it selfe more bloudie in séeking to obteine the kingdome than that of Lancaster in vsurping it so it came to passe that the Lords vengeance appeared more heauie towards the same than towards the other not ceassing till the whole issue maâ—e of the said Richard duke of Yorke was extinguished For such is Gods iustice to leaue no vnrepentant line 60 wickednesse vnpunished as especiallie in this caitife Richard the third not deseruing so much as the name of a man much lesse of a king most manifestlie appeareth At whom we will end with a comparison of the like practise in Lodowike Storce aspiring to the dukedome of Millane the name armes and title wherof he tooke vpon him hauing secretlie protested before that he receiued them as apperteining to him by the inuestiture of the king of Romans It was published that the death of Galeas his late predecessor happened by immoderate cohabitation but the vniuersall iudgment of Italie was that he died not of infirmities naturall nor by incontinencie but by poison and violent compulsion Wherof Theodor de Pauia one of the physicians assisting when the king visited him assured the king to sée most apparant and manifest signes and if hee were dispatched by poison there was none that doubted that his vncle was innocent either directlie or indirectlie as he who not content with an absolute power to be gouernor of the state but aspiring according to the common desires of great men to make themselues glorious with titles and honors and speciallie he iudged that both for his proper suertie and the succession of his children the death of the lawfull prince was necessarie and therefore thought to establish in himselfe the power and name of duke Wherin ambition and couetousnesse preuailed aboue conscience and law of nature and the gealous desire of dominion inforced his disposition otherwise abhorring bloud to that vile action But to end with king Richard sometimes duke of Glocester a title of dignitie ioined with misfortune and vnluckinesse as is noted before So that for infelicitie it might well be compared vnto the name of Ione a name vnhappie and much accurssed for the kingdome of Naples As for king Richard better had it béene for him to haue contented his heart with the protectorship than to haue cast vp his snout or lifted vp his hornes of ambition so high and that with a setled intent as to hacke and hew downe by violent blowes all likelie impediments betwixt him and home Better I say had it béene for him to haue dwelt vpon his first honor than to haue wandered in princelinesse and better had it béene for him neuer to haue
the dispatch of the affaires of the kingdome committing the charge of line 50 his bishoprike to one Rafe sometime a moonke of Glastenburie and now become an apostata Great contention was betwéene this man and king Stephan He bought the treasurorship for the summe of foure hundred marks of Henrie the second for his sonne Richard Filius Nigelli or Fitz Nele otherwise called Richard of Elie. He gouerned the bishoprike six and thirtie yeares as most saie and builded saint Iohns college in Cambridge line 60 But touching the time of his death and the years of his bishoprike I cannot as yet set downe anie thing perfectlie but onelie this contradiction found in the written booke of Elie which I suppose to haue risen by the negligence of the transcriber which is that he gouerned the see of Elie six and thirtie years and died in the yeare of our Lord one thousand one hundred sixtie and six the third calends of Iune the first houre of the sixt ferie or fridaie Which by no account can fall to be true accounting from the time of the first obteining of the bishoprike in the thrée and thirtith yeare of Henrie the first in the yeare of our Lord one thousand one hundred thirtie and thrée For if you adde the six and thirtie yeares of his gouernement to the yeare of our Lord one thousand one hundred thirtie and thrée then must he die in the yeare of grace one thousand one hundred sixtie and nine And if you will haue him to die in the yeare one thousand one hundred sixtie and six then can he gouerne but thrée and thirtie yeares which thrée and thirtie added to the yeare of Christ one thousand one hundred thirtie and thrée in which he began his gouernement as all authors agrée make the value of one thousand one hundred sixtie and six years of our Lord. So that considering the discordancie of the time of his death found in the written booke of his life we cannot I saie as yet set downe anie certeintie of his death Though I suppose that to be the truest which I find in Triuet who affirmeth that he died in the yeare of Christ one thousand one hundred sixtie and nine and the fiftéenth of king Henrie the second after that he had gouerned six and thirtie yeares He was honorablie buried in the church of saint Ethelred of Elie before the altar dedicated to the holie crosse Richard de Elie or Fitzneale sonne of the said Nigellus bishop of Elie was made treasuror to K. Henrie the second by the purchase of his father Nigellus when the king went to the wars of Tolous Of whom the historie of Elie writeth that after the buriall of Nigellus his father this Richard being also an enimie to the church of Elie as his father had beene before made hast to passe ouer the seas to king Henrie the second fearing that some euill would be prepared against him if the church should haue sent anie other thither before him At whose comming to the king he accused the moonks of manie things and did therewith so edge the king against them that the king sending into England charged by Wunnerus one of his chaplens that the prior of Elie should be deposed the moonks with all their goods to be proscribed and banished This man being tresuror to king Henrie the second the treasure of the said Henrie the second at his death came vnto one hundred thousand marks notwithstanding the excessiue charges of the king manie waies Which Richard being bishop of London by the name of Richard the third and the kings treasuror was chosen to that sée in the yeare of our redemption one thousand one hundred eightie and nine being the first yéere of king Richard the first and was consecrated bishop at Lambeth by Baldwine archbishop of Canturburie in the yeare of Christ 1190 he died the fourthides of September in the yéere of grace 1198 being the ninth yeare of king Richard the first William of Elie being of kin to the last Richard bishop of London was treasuror to king Richard the first and to king Iohn To which William then treasuror Richard his kinsman the bishop of London An. Dom. 1196 being the seuenth yeare of the reigne of Richard the first and the same number of yeares of the gouernment of the said Richard in the bishoprike of London did giue all his houses in Westminster which the said William did long after giue to the abbat and moonks of Westminster as by the charter therof appeers by me in this sort abridged Vniuersis Christi fidelibus ad quos praesens scriptum peruenerit Gulielmus de Elie quondam regum Angliae thesaurarius salutem Nouerit vniuersitas vestrame dedisse c Deo monachis Westminster c pro animabus Richardi Iohannis regum Angliae pro anima Richardi London episcopi c domos meas curiam cum pertinentibus in villa Westminster c quas habui ex dono Richardi episcopi London quae sunt de feedo Westminster c testis Eustachius Fauconbridge domini regis thesaurarius c. He died in the yeare of Christ one thousand two hundred twentie two being the sixt yeare of the long reigne of king Henrie the third as noteth Matthew Paris and Westminster who write that then Obijt Gulielmus Eliensis Angliae thesaurarius A deane of Paules was treasuror to the king as appéereth by Mat. Parker in the life of Hubert archbishop of Canturburie writing after this maner Eodem tempore which was a time betwéene the creating of Hubert archbishop of Canturburie in the yéere of Christ 1194 being the sixt yeare of Richard the first and the death of the said Richard the first which fell in the yeare of Christ 1199 ecclesiae Paulinae decanus ararij regij custos fuit siue vt vocant thesaurarius and so goeth on with a discourse of his miserable death line 10 Walter Greie bishop of Worcester whom some call treasuror in the eleuenth of king Iohn wherevnto I doo not yet agrée leauing it to the iudgement of others and to the finall receiuing or reiecting of him in the large booke of the whole liues of the lord treasurors of England Geffreie archdeacon of Norwich treasuror to king Iohn who forsooke his maister the king excommunicat by the pope as writeth Matthew Parker in the life of Stephan Langton archbishop of Canturburie line 20 in these following words Inter quos meaning the bishops which durst not openlie publish the excommunication of the king but secretlie cast libels about the high waies which gaue notice therof quum ad fiscum regium Gaufridus Noruicensis archidiaconus negotijs regijs intendens sedisset coepit assidentibus exponere excommunicationis sententiam in regem iam latam affirmauÃtque non esse tutum capellanis ecclesiasticis dignitatibus beneficiÃsque affectis seruire regi ampliùs Ideóque aulam deserens ad ecclesiastica beneficia quae regis
Now a word or two to shew who they be that die in the Lord and then an end They principallie are said to die in the Lord which suffer death vnder the beast for confession of Christs religion for they properlie die in the Lords cause Such are the martyrs as well of the primitiue church vnder the cruell emperours as the martyrs of all ages since vnder antichrist of Rome They also die in the Lord which though they die not by the crueltie of the beast yet they die in the faith of Iesus Christ and are therefore blessed Of this number was this godlie earle as I haue before declared Wherfore I will conclude and direct my spéech for two or thrée words to this good earle O noble earle of Essex in thy time the pearle of nobilitie the mirrour of vertue and worthie qualities the child of chiualrie the beautifull floure of England the pretious iewell and comfort of Wales the trustie staie of Ireland Thy life was most honourable thy worthinesse incomparable thy death pretious in the sight of God for thou diedst in the Lord a right inheritour of the euerlasting kingdome of heauen Wherefore by authoritie of the heauenlie oracle that saint Iohn was commanded to write thou art to be pronounced blessed for euer Our sins haue shortened thy life so that we could inioie the same no longer Thou hast notwithstanding bequeathed thy bodie to be buried amongst vs here in Wales Of verie dutie therefore O noble earle thy toome shall be with vs in reuerence estimation and honor the fame and name of thy nobilitie valiantnesse vertue and woorthinesse shall neuer be forgotten but shall liue and be kept with vs in memorie from generation to geration while the world standeth Thus far the words of the bishop vttered in a sermon preached in the ears of no meane audience either for reputation or number Now then brieflie considering wherein true and perfect noblenesse consisteth that the heroicall vertues with their naturall vse were most firmelie fixed in his heart and practised by his hand there is great reason to mooue euen his enimies if it were possible for so good a gentleman to haue anie to confesse in him most absolute nobilitie and that this epitaph alluding to his right honorable ensignes is deseruedlie to be recorded being an abstract of that notable line 10 epitaph intituled Epitapium genealogicum in obitum illustrissimi Gualteri comitis Essexiae Euiae comitis marischalli regni Hiberniae vicecomitis Hereford Bourghcher domini Ferrers de Chartleie Bourgcher Louein praenobilis ordinis garterij militis qui obijt Dublinij 21. Septemb. 1576. aetatis suae 36 sepulti apud Maridunum 26. Nouemb. c. Si quisquam claret veterum splendore parentum Aut famam meritus morum probitate perennem line 20 Profiteatur in hijs nomen Essexius heros Qui praeclara virûm gestat monumenta tot vnus Quot rarò licuit multis gestaminaferre Qui intrepidè ob patriam tot mille pericula passus Quot rarò poterint vlla aulica corporaferre Aureolus partus matris patriae decus ingens Quo non exultat moderante Herefordia sola Aut Trinobantum titulo probitatis honorem Plebs referens strenuum validúmue Britannia sola Sensit in aduersos Boreales dum benegessit line 30 Tota sed heroem cognouit marte feroci Eugeniae tellus Hibernica bella probantem Regia cum proprijs expendens bella per annos Dura gerit binos multa pericula tentans Vltoniae fines vultu dextrà que quieti Perficit hinc comitis donatur nomine belli Nec tamen is potuit gladio finire labores Mors nemini parcens Dublinia funera fletu Trans mare transuexit Maridunica sydera voluens Clotho colum tenuit post septem lustra per annum line 40 Quinque die◠Lachesis post haec sua fila trahebat Térque dies septem septeno mense videns heu Atropos eximij fulgentia lumina clausit Quatuor ast pueris illustria stamina spondent In tribus regnis titulos gestabat honoris Nam comitem Euensem cognouit Gallia fortem Aureus heroem demonstrat circulus Essex Ob bello vires comes est is martis Hibernus Nobilitas innata tibi probitatis honorem Armipotens Gualtere dedit probitásque laborem line 50 Perpetuámque labor vitam sic vita salutem This epitaph with the said earles whole genealogie or pedegree comprised in heroicall verse and ioined with the funerall sermon was presented to the right honourable lord Robert now earle of Essex and Ew vicount of Hereford and Bourchier lord Ferrers of Chartleie Bourchier Louaine at such time as he was the quéenes maiesties ward with an epistle of the presenter which bicause it is a veine of godlie deuise tending to a verie honorable purpose line 60 deserueth here to be placed answering the president heretofore set out in print as followeth The epistle of E. W. prefixed before the genealogicall epitaph and funerall sermon published at the interring of the right honourable the lord Walter earle of Essex c. MY lord your absence latelie from the funerals of my lord your father was lamented by such in Wales as would gladlie haue beheld the liuelie image of him in you and if the tendernesse of your yeares vnmeet for so tedious and so vnseasonable trauell had not by necessitie disappointed their hope then should the lamentable speech of the graue and reuerend father the bishop of saint Dauies expressed with abundance of dolour tears haue left in you a déepe impression of griefe for the intollerable losse of so honourable a parent But it maie be iudged that God hath turned your absence to your more benefit sith the importunacie of such as loue honour you and who couet to haue your fathers vertues descend with his inheritance hath obteined the publishing of that learned sermon wherin you maie at good leasure view in the iust report of his life death the paterne forme of true nobilitie The heroicall description that the bishop maketh of nobilitie comparing it vnto a mounteine from which foure famous riuers must issue the mounteine true religion the riuers prudence iustice fortitude and temperance is a rule to you first to follow your father in truth of religion then to be as he was wise iust valiant and temperat The naturall and vnforced courtesie affabilitie that was in your father and that excellent mixture of disposition and aptnesse both for warre and peace dooth promise to the world a singular perfection in you hereafter For as your grandfather who died in his yoong yeares did make shew of much more honour than was in the noble vicount his father and this our earle by famous actions did altogither eclipse the vertuous hope conceiued of your grandfather so considering that God in nature continueth as it were the race by outward shew of good parts in you and that you haue
towne of Sutton Ualens in Kent this worshipfull gentleman at his owne costs and proper expenses erected a grammar schoole for the education of youth in the feare of God in good maners in knowledge and vnderstanding He also weieng with himselfe that the labourer ought of right to haue his hire and that no man goeth to warre of his owne proper charge besides other commodities which he thought méet and necessarie hath allowed the master twentie pounds and the vsher ten pounds from time to time as either place shall be supplied by succession for their yearelie stipends and perpetuall pensions To continue the rehersall of his good déeds in Sutton aforesaid note his tender pitifull heart toward the poore for whose sustentation maintenance and reliefe he hath builded six almes houses for the impotent and hath giuen six pounds to be yearelie paied vnto them for their necessarie prouision Moreouer besides this charitable déed to keepe still within the compasse of Kent marke the singular loue which this gentleman did beare vnto learning for the furtherance wherof and the more incouragement of poore scholers he hath giuen to the schoole of Maidstone ten pounds a yeare for euer with this caueat or prouiso that néedie mens children should be preferred to the enioieng of this singular benefit That this gentleman had not onelie a regard for the seed-plots of learning to haue them watered with the springs of his bountie but also a prouident eie and a carefull hart for the profit of the common-wealth the particulars following substantiallie doo prooue For séeing in his life time the decaie of sundrie trades the ruine of diuerse occupations and other inconueniences which are like to grow to the vndooing of a multitude except by policie they be preuented of a méere affection if I said fatherlie I were not controllable he hath freelie giuen to the poore clothiers in Suffolke to the poore clothiers of Bridgenorth in Shropshire and to the poore clothiers at Ludlow in the said countie thrée hundred pounds to be said by euen portions to each seuerall towne of the said counties one hundred pounds a péece for their supportation and maintenance at their worke and occupation So litle estéemed he the mucke of this world in respect of dooing good speciallie when he saw old age drawing him to his graue of which mind it were to be wished all richmen would be whom God hath made his stewards when they wax crooked bow backt and as the poet saith Obrepit canis rugosa senecta capillis Furthermore the well of his weldooing not yet waxing drie but yéelding liquor of reliefe verie largelie hath watered other places For as the countrie so likewise the citie the citie I meane of London hath cause yea iust cause with open mouth to magnifie the goodnesse of God so mightilie working in this praiseworshie esquier The memorable monuments which shall liue when he is dead and shall flourish when he is rotten are witnesses of the loue which he being a citizen bare vnto this citie For let vs begin with the conduit which he of his owne costs not requiring either collection or contribution founded of late in Holborne not sparing expenses so it might be substantiall not pinching for charges so it might be durable and plentifull as they can testifie which saw the seeking of the springs the maner of making the trenches the ordering of the pipes lieng in length from the head to the said conduit more than two thousand yards and finallie the framing of euerie necessarie appurtenance therevnto belonging Besides this means is made by a standard with one cocke at Holâ—orne bridge to conueie the wast which doth such seruice the water thereof being both swéet pleasant and wholsome as neither rich nor poore can well misse Which great worke as he aduisedlie attempted so he commendablie finished hauing disbursed therabouts of his owne costs charges to the sum of 1500 pounds And yet further note the wisedome and prouidence of this gentleman who considering that the right vse of a good thing might cut off manie occasions line 10 of vnthristines and idlenesse and knowing that we are placed in this world to follow the vocation wherevnto we are called besides that séeing the hardnesse of this age wherein we liue that manie would worke if they had meanes manie neglect and care not for worke though they haue meanes some would willinglie withstand pouertie if they might some had rather beg and doo woorsse than giue themselues to labour hath béene thus beneficiall to poore women that are glad to take pains as to bestow vpon line 20 them a hundred and twentie pales wherewith to carrie and serue water an honest shift of liuing though somewhat toilesome To descend and come downe to other his almesdeeds you shall vnderstand that he being a member of the right worshipfull corporation and societie of Clothworkers was not forgetfull of that companie vnto whome he hath giuen his dwelling house in London with other lands and tenements to the value of thirtie pounds or thereabouts by them to be thus bestowed to wit for the line 30 hiring of a minister to read diuine seruice thrise a weeke that is euerie sundaie wednesdaie and fridaie throughout the yeare in the chapell or church belonging to his house called by the name of saint Iames in the wall by Criplegate and for foure sermons there yéerelie to be made and preached a competent allowance Out of which sum also of thirtie pounds it is prouided that a deduction be made by the said Clothworkers for apparelling twelue men and as manie women line 40 in forme as followeth that is to saie to euerie one of the twelue men one fréeze gowne one locorum shirt a good strong paire of winter shooes to twelue women likewise one fréeze gowne one locorum smocke a good strong paire of winter shooes all readie made for their wearing remembred alwaies that they must be persons both poore and honest vnto whome this charitable déed ought to be extended Prouided also that the execution hereof be done the first daie of October orderlie from yeare to line 50 yeare for euer whiles the world dooth last Moreouer he hath giuen to those of his companie foure pounds fréelie not for a time but perpetuallie and thus doth his bountifulnesse manie waies appeare To the parish of S. Giles without Criplegate he hath giuen fiftéene pounds to the bels and chime hauing meant as it seemeth if they had taken time to be more liberall in that behalfe The said bels chime were in his life also after his deth kept in good order according to his will but afterwards vpon occasion some of line 60 them newlie cast became ill of sound out of tune a fault in some which would be amended The poore of the parish aforesaid by their reliefe in his life time secretlie ministred haue iust cause to lament the
these sort are for their contrarie opinions in religion prosecuted or charged with anie crimes or paines of treason nor yet willinglie searched in their consciences for their contrarie opinions that sauour not of treason And of these sorts there haue béene and are a number of persons not of such base and vulgar note as those which of late haue beene executed as in particular some by name are well knowne and not vnfit to be remembred The first and chiefest by office was doctor Heth that was archbishop of Yorke and lord chancellor of England in quéene Maries time who at the first comming of hir maiestie to the crowne shewing himselfe a faithfull and quiet subiect continued in both the said offices though in religion then manifestlie differing and yet was he not restreined of his libertie nor depriued of his proper lands and goods but leauing willinglie both his offices liued in his owne house verie discréetlie and inioied all his purchased lands during all his naturall life vntill by verie age he departed this world and then left his house and liuing to his friends An example of gentlenesse neuer matched in quéene Maries time The like did one doctor Poole that had béene bishop of Peterborough an ancient graue person and a verie quiet subiect There were also others that had béene bishops and in great estimation as doctor Tunstall bishop of Duresme a person of great reputation and also whilest he liued of verie quiet behauiour There were also other as doctor White doctor Oglethorpe the one of Winchester the other of Carlill bishops persons of courteous natures and he of Carlill so inclined to dutifulnes to the quéenes maiestie as he did the office at the consecration and coronation of hir maiestie in the church of Westminster and doctor Thurlebie doctor Watson yet liuing one of Elie the other of Lincolne bishops the one of nature affable the other altogither sowre and yet liuing Whereto may be added the bishop then of Excester Turberuile an honest gentleman but a simple bishop who liued at his owne libertie to the end of his life and none of all these pressed with anie capitall paine though they mainteined the popes authoritie against the lawes of the realme And some abbats as maister Feckenam yet liuing a person also of quiet and courteous behauiour for a great time Some also were deanes as doctor Boxall deane of Windsore a person of great modestie learning and knowledge doctor Cole deane of Paules a person more earnest than discréet doctor Reinolds deane of Excester not vnlearned and manie such others hauing borne office dignities in the church that had made profession against the pope which they onelie began in queene Maries time to change yet were these neuer to this daie burdened with capitall peanes nor yet depriued of line 10 anie their goods or proper liueloods but onelie remoued from their ecclesiasticall offices which they would not exercise according to the lawes And most of them manie other of their sort for a great time were deteined in bishops houses in verie ciuill and courteous maner without charge to themselues or their friends vntill the time that the pope began by his buls messages to offer trouble to the realme by stirring of rebellion About which time onlie some line 20 of these aforenamed being found busier in matters of state tending to stir troubles than was méete for the common quiet of the realme were remoued to other more priuat places where such other wanderers as were men knowne to moue sedition might be restreined from common resorting to them to increase trouble as the popes bull gaue manifest occasion to doubt and yet without charging them in their consciences or otherwise by anie inquisition to bring them into danger of anie capitall law line 30 so as no one was called to anie capitall or bloudie question vpon matters of religion but haue all inioied their life as the course of nature would and such of them as yet remaine may if they will not be authors or instruments of rebellion or sedition inioie the time that God and nature shall yeeld them without danger of life or member And yet it is woorthie to be well marked that the chiefest of all these and the most of them had in time of king Henrie the eight and king Edward the sixt line 40 either by preaching writing reading or arguing taught all people to condemne yea to abhorre the authoritie of the pope for which purpose they had many times giuen their othes publikelie against the popes authoritie and had also yéelded to both the said kings the title of supreame hed of the church of England next vnder Christ which title the aduersaries doo most falselie write and affirme that the quéenes maiestie now vseth a manifest lie vntruth to be séene by the verie acts of parlement and at the beginning of hir reigne omitted in hir stile And for proofe that line 50 these foresaid bishops and learned men had so long time disauowed the popes authoritie manie of their books and sermons against the popes authoritie remaine printed both in English and Latin to be séene in these times to their great shame and reproofe to change so often but speciallie in persecuting such as themselues had taught and stablished to hold the contrarie A sin neere the sin against the holie ghost There were also and yet be a great number of others line 60 being laie men of good possessions and lands men of good credit in their countries manifestlie of late time seduced to hold contrarie opinions in religion for the popes authoritie and yet none of them haue béene sought hitherto to be impeached in anie point or quarell of treason or of losse of life member or inheritance So as it may plainelie appeare that it is not nor hath béene for contrarious opinions in religion or for the popes authoritie alone as the aduersaries doo boldlie and falslie publish that anie persons haue suffered death since hir maiesties reigne And yet some of these sort are well knowne to hold opinion that the pope ought by authoritie of Gods word to be supreame and onelie head of the catholike church through the whole world and onelie to rule in all causes ecclesiasticall and that the quéenes maiestie ought not to be the gouernour ouer anie hir subiects in hir realme being persons ecclesiasticall which opinions are neuerthelesse in some part by the lawes of the realme punishable in their degrées And yet for none of these points haue anie persons béene prosecuted with the charge of treason or in danger of life And if then it be inquired for what cause these others haue of late suffered death it is trulie to be answered as afore is often remembred that none at all were impeached for treason to the danger of their life but such as did obstinatlie mainteine the contents of the popes bull afore mentioned which doo import that hir maiestie is not
rare wit deepe iudgement great experience and other parts required in a sound councellor did admit this sir Edward into his owne bosome and made him of his priuie councell whose modest mind being so farre estranged from desire of honour as that he would not accept it by great inforcement a vertue verie rare and such as declareth a noble mind iudiciallie grounded vpon the truth of diuine philosophie refused the honorable place of the chancellorship of England accounting that the vertue of the mind made a man honorable and not the honorable place For 〈◊〉 saith saint Chrysostome Honor verus virtus animi est hic honor nec à Caesaribus praestatur neque adulatione conquiritur neque pecunia praeparatur nihil fucati in se habet nihil sunulati nihil occulti huius honoris successor est nullus est accusator nullus ingratus Wherefore not being ambitious of honour after which the best doo often hunt although such gréedie desire of honour and ambition be as saith Barnard Futile malum secretum virus pestis occulta doli artifex mater hypocrisis liuoris parens vitiorum origo tinea sanctitatis line 10 excaeâ—atrix cordium ex remedijs morbos creans ex medicina languorem generans did further increase his honour and aduance him to greater credit as appeareth by this that king Henrie the eight whom this man had long and faithfullie serued in his life time made him one of his executors and the disposer of his testament at the time of his death with whom also in the same authoritie he ioined his brother doctor Nicholas Wootton a man of no lesse merit than the other and rightlie deseruing to be here ioined in remembrance with his brother after their deaths since line 20 almost equall honor like loue the same authoritie in the common-weale one bloud and one Christ did ioine them togither in perfect amitie during their liues of which Nicholas Wootton I will not speake anie more except that as his brother refused the chancellorship so he in the beginning of the reigne of this quéene refused the bishoprike of Canturburie but that which the woorthie gentleman Thomas Wootton of Bocton Malherbe esquire now liuing sonne to the said sir Edward and nephew to the line 30 said Nicholas this Thomas being a great and fast fauoror of his countrie not vnthankefull vnto him therefore hath set downe in a statelie and rich toome of curious workemanship formed after the order of a pyramis and placed in the church of Canturburie on which is ingraued in a faire stone of marble this epitaph following wherin his birth his parents his honors at home his ambassages abroad and other things necessarie the knowledge are faithfullie set downe line 40 Nicholaus Woottonus Roberti Woottoni equitis aurati ex Anna Belknappa filius vtriusque iuris doctor ecclesiae huius primus itémque metròpolitanae ecclesiae diui Petri Eboracensis decanus Henrico 8. Eduardo 6. Mariae Elisabethae Angliae regibus à secretis concilijs ad Carolum 5. Caesarem bis ad Philippum Hispaniarum regem semel ad Franciscum primuÌ„ Francorum regem semel ad Henricum secundum eius filium ter ad Mariae Hungariae reginam Belgarum praesidem semel ad Gulielmum Cleuiensem ducem bis legatione functus Renouatae pacis inter Anglos Francos Scotos inter Guinas line 50 Arderam anno 1540. similiter ad castrum Cameracense anno 1559. Denique Edinburgi Scotiae anno 1560. oratorum vnus hîc tandem ferè septuagenarius requiescit Haec ille ante mortem ante morbum quasi fatalem diem praesentiens cygneam cantionem propheticè canens sua manu in museo scripta reliquit Qui apud tales principes diuina prouidentia gubernante laudabiliter in tot ac tantis causis quarum magnitudâ— grauissima vtilitas publica fuit feliciter bonam vitae suae partem consumpit eum virum sapientem experientissimum line 60 ipsa inuidia iudicare debet Quà m semper ab omni contentione honorum fuerit alienus illud decalarat quòd ad hanc ecclesiasticam dignitatem non ambitione vlla sua inflammatus nec amicorum opera vsus aspirauit sed eam vtramque Henricus octauus hominis merito virtute prouocatus vltro detulit Cùmque idem rex illustrissimus morbum laethalem ingrauescere persentiret Eduardi principis sanè excellentissimi adhuc tandem pueri reipublicae administrandae imparis imbecillam aetatem senili prudentia secretioris concilij sui regendum existimaret illis instituit hunc Nicholaum absentem tunc in Francia legatum vnum esse voluit Eduardi regi iam medio regni curriculo propè confecto vnus è primarijs secretarijs fuit quem locum tenere potuisset nisi suis assiduis amicorum precibus abdicandi veniam impetrasset Corpus illi erat gracile quidem paruum sed erectum habitudo sana vultus liberalae victus exquisitus quem semel tantùm in die capere consueuerat valitâ—do adeo firma vtrarò morbum aliquem sentiret animus vero totus libris acliteris dicatus artium medicinae iurisprudentiae theologiae studio intentus linguarum Romanae Italicae Gallicae Germanicae inferioris cognitione pulchâ—e exornatus Ita vir iste genere clarus legationibus clarior domi ac foris clarissimus honore florens labore fractus aetate confectus postquam decanus huius ecclesiae annis 25. dies 293. praefuisset Londini Ianuarij 26. anno nostrae salutus 1566. piè suauiter in Domino obdormiuit Thoma Wootteno nepote haerede relicto qui ei hoc monumentum non honoris ergo quo abundauit viuus florescit mortuus sed amoris causa quem memoria colet vt debet sempiterna consecrauit In which epitaph it appeareth what he was how greatlie learned and reuerenced for the same Wherfore néeding not to speake anie more of him sith I shall not be able with due maiestie of stile to expresse his woorthinesse I will yet leauing what other wise his merit might challenge to be spoken note one strange and rare thing which to my remembrance neuer happened to anie one man before the same being this that he had not onelie béene councellor to foure kings and quéenes of England following in succession of time but also that he had béen thirtéene seuerall times ambassador and orator to diuerse princes for the affaires of the publike wealth and the princes honor Thus leauing this woorthie doctor with his nephue Thomas Wootton father to Edward Wootton sent ambassador to Scotland which occasioned me to treat thus much of the Woottons I conclude that it is a singular blessing of God not commonlie giuen to euerie race to be beautified with such great and succeeding honor in the descents of the familie Whereof this Edward Wootton now liuing hath in the
bring two of the wicked persons to iustice Now knowing how men are maliciouslie bent in this declining age of the world both to iudge speake and write maliciouslie falslie and vnreuerentlie of princes and holding nothing so déere vnto vs as the conseruation of our reputation and honor to be blamelesse we found it verie expedient not to suffer two such horrible imputations to passe vnder silence lest for lacke of answer line 60 it might argue a kind of guiltinesse and did therefore thinke that what might be alledged by vs for our iustification in that behalfe might most aptlie be ioined vnto this former declaration now to be published to laie open before the world the maner and ground of our procéeding in the causes of the low countries And for answer of the first point wherewith we are charged touching our ingratitude towards the king of Spaine as we doo most willinglie acknowledge that we were beholding vnto him in the time of our late sister which we then did acknowledge verie thankâ—fullie and haue sought manie waies since in like sort to requite as in our former declaration by our actions maie appeare so doo we vtterlie denie as a most manifest vntruth that euer he was the cause of the sauing of our life as a person by course of iustice sentenced vnto death whoeuer carried our selfe towards our said sister in dutifull sort as our loialtie was neuer called in question much lesse anie sentence of death pronounced against vs a matter such as in respect of the ordinarie course of proceeding as by processe in law by place of triall by the iudge that should pronounce such sentence and other necessarie circumstances in like cases vsuall especiallie against one of our qualitie as it could not but haue beene publikelie knowne if anie such thing had beene put in execution This then being true we leaue to the world to iudge how maliciouslie and iniuriouslie the author of the said pamphlet dealeth with vs in charging vs by so notable an vntruth with a vice that of all other we doo most hate and abhorre And therefore by the manifest vntruth of this imputation men not transported with passion maie easilie discerne what vntruth is conteined in the second by the which we are charged to haue béene acquainted with an intended attempt against the life of the said prince a matter if anie such thing should haue béene by vs intended must haue procéeded either of a misliking we had of his person or that the prosecution of the warres in the low countries was so committed vnto him as no other might prosecute the same but he And first for his person we could neuer learne that he hath at anie time by act or speach doone anie thing that might iustlie bréed a mislike in vs towards him much lesse a hatred against his person in so high a degree as to be either priuie or assenting to the taking awaie of his life Besides he is one of whom we haue euer had an honorable conceit in respect of those singular rare parts we alwaies haue noted in him which hath woone vnto him as great reputation as anie man this daie liuing carrieth of his degree and qualitie and so haue we alwaies deliuered out by speach vnto the world when anie occasion hath béene offered to make mention of him Now touching the prosecution committed vnto him of the warres in the low countries as all men of iudgement know that the taking awaie of his life carrieth no likelihood that the same shall woorke anie end of the said prosecution so is it manifestlie knowne that no man hath dealt more honorablie than the said prince either in dulie obseruing of his promise or extending grace and mercie where merit and desert hath craued the same and therefore no greater impietie by anie could be wrought nor nothing more preiudiciall to our selfe so long as the king shall continue the prosecution of the cause in that forcible sort he now dooth than to be an instrument to take him awaie from thense by such violent meanes that hath dealt in a more honorable and gratious sort in the charge committed vnto him than anie other that hath euer gone before him or is likelie to succéed after him Now therefore how vnlikelie it is that we hauing neither cause to mislike of his person nor that the prosecution of the warres should cease by losse of him should be either author or anie waie assenting to so horrible a fact we referre to the iudgement of such as looke into causes not with the eies of their affection but doo measure and weigh things according to honor and reason Besides it is likelie if it had béene true that we had bin anie waie chargeable as the author reporteth the confessions of the parties executed importing such matter as by him is alledged would haue béene both produced and published for malice leaueth nothing vnsearched that maie nourish the venome of that humor The best course therefore that both we and all other princes can hold in this vnfortunat age that ouerfloweth with numbers of malignant spirits is through the grace and goodnesse of almightie God to direct our course in such sort as they maie rather shew their wils through malice than with iust cause by desert to saie ill or deface princes either by spéech or writing assuring our selues that besides the punishment that such wicked and infamous libellors line 10 shall receiue at the hands of the almightie for deprauing of princes and lawfull magistrats who are Gods ministers they both are and alwaies shall be thought by all good men vnwoorthie to liue vpon the face of the earth Giuen at Richmount the first of October 1585 and the 27 yeare of the reigne of our souereigne ladie the queene to be published In the moneths of Nouember and December line 20 manie horsses and men were shipped at the Tower wharffe to be transported ouer into the low countries And on the sixt of December the right honorable lord Robert Dudleie earle of Leicester lord lieutenant generall after he had taken his leaue of hir maiestie and the court with his traine entred the towne of Colchester in Essex where the maior his brethren all in scarlet gownes with multitudes of people met him and so with great solemnitie entred line 30 the towne where he lodged that night and on the next morrow set forward to Harwich into the which towne he was accordinglie receiued and interteined On the eight of December accompanied with diuers lords and knights he arriued at Flushing where he was interteined by sir Philip Sidneie gouernour the Graue Morris the states of the towne and others passing honorablie The next day he sailed to Middleborough where his receiuing was answerable to his person and after certeine daies there spent as occasions then moued he came to Williamstat line 40 then to Rotherodam then to Delph where he lodged euen in the house where the prince
hazarded and stand to the euent of the like miraculous discoueries Therefore as most humble and instant suppliants they did vpon their knées at hir most gratious féet beséech and request in most earnest maner that aswell for the continuance of Gods religion the quiet of this kingdome preseruation of hir person and defense of them and their posterities it would line 40 please hir highnesse to take order that the said sentence might be published and such further direction giuen as was requisit in this so weightie a cause according to the purport and intent of the said statute Wherein if hir maiestie pursuing hir woonted clemencie should now be remisse besides the imminent danger to hir person she might by the staie thereof procure the heauie displeasure of almightie God as by sundrie seuere examples of his iustice in the sacred scriptures dooth appeare And so line 50 he deliuered to hir maiesties owne hands the petition in writing which he said had béene with great deliberation assented vnto by all the whole parlement A SHORT EXTRACT OF SVCH reasons as were deliuered in speach by maister sargent Puckering speaker of the lower house before the queens most excellent maiestie in hir presence chamber at Richmond the twelfe of Nouember 1586 in the eight and twentith yere of hir line 60 reigne conteining diuerse apparant and imminent dangers that maie grow to hir maiesties most roiall person and to hir realme from the Scotish queene and hir adherents if remedie be not prouided First touching the danger of hir maiesties person 1 BOth this Scotish quéene and hir fauorers doo thinke hir to haue right not to succeed but to inioie your crowne in possession and therefore as shée is a most impatient competitor so will shée not spare anie meanes whatsoeuer that maie bereaue vs of your maiestie the onelie impediment that she inioieth not hir desire 2 She is obdurat in malice against your roiall person notwithstanding you haue shewed hir all fauour and mercie as well in preseruing hir kingdome as sauing hir life and saluing hir honor And therefore there is no place for mercie since there is no hope that she will desist from most wâ—cked attempts the rather for that hir malice appeareth such that she maketh as it were hir testament of the same to be executed after hir death and appointeth hir executors to performe it 3 She boldlie and openlie professed it lawfull for hir to mooue inuasion vpon you And therefore as of inuasion victorie maie insue and of victorie the death of the vanquished so did she thereby not obscurelie bewraie that she thought it lawfull for hir to destroie your sacred person 4 She thinketh it not onelie lawfull but honorable also and meritorious to take your life from you as being alreadie depriued of your crowne by the excommunication of the holie father And therefore it is like she will as hitherto she hath doone continuallie séeke it by whatsoeuer meanes 5 That she is gréedie of your maiesties death and preferreth it before hir owne life and safetie for in hir direction to one of hir laie complices she aduised vnder couert termes that whatsoeuer should become of hir that tragicall execution should be performed vpon you 1 IT is most perillous to spare hir that continuallie hath sought the ouerthrow and suppression of true religion infected with poperie from hir tender youth and being after that a confederat in that holie league when she came to age and euer since a professed enimie against the truth 2 She resteth wholie vpon popish hopes to deliuer and aduance hir and is thereby so deuoted to that profession that aswell for satisfaction of others as for feeding of hir owne humor she will supplant the gospell where and when so euer she maie which euill is so much the greater and the more to be auoided as that it staieth the verie soule and will spread it selfe not onelie ouer England and Scotland but also into those parts beyond the seas where the gospell of God is mainteined the which cannot but be exceedinglie weakened by the defection of this noble Iland 1 As the Lydians said Vnum regem agnoscunt Lydi duos autem tolerare non possunt So we saie Vnicam reginam Elizabetham agnoscunt Angli duas autem tolerare non possunt 2 As she hath alredie by hir allurements brought to destruction more noble men and their houses togither with a greater multitude of the commons of this realme during hir being here than she should haue beene able to doo if she had béene in possession of hir owne crowne and armed in the field against vs so will she still be continuall cause of the like spoile to the greater losse and perill of this estate and therefore this realme neither can nor maie indure hir 3 Againe she is the onelie hope of all discontented subiects she is the foundation whereon all the euill disposed doo build she is the root from whense all rebellions and trecheries doo spring and therefore whilest this hope lasteth this foundation standeth and this root liueth they will reteine heart and set on foot whatsoeuer their deuises against the realme which otherwise will fall awaie die and come to nothing 4 Mercie now in this case towards hir would in the end prooue crueltie against vs all Nam est quaedam crudelis misericordia and therefore to spare hir is to spill vs. 5 Besides this it will excéedinglie greeue and in a maner deadlie wound the hearts of all the good subiects of your land if they shall see a conspiracie so horrible not condignlie punished 6 Thousands of your maiesties most liege and louing subiects of all sorts and degrees that in a line 10 tender zeale of your maiesties safetie haue most willinglie both by open subscription and solemne vow entered into a firme and loiall association and haue thereby protested to pursue vnto the death by all forcible and possible meanes such as she is by iust sentence now found to be can neither discharge their loue nor well saue their oths if your maiestie shall kéepe hir aliue of which burthen your maiesties subiects are most desirous to be reléeued as the same maie be if iustice be doone line 20 7 Lastlie your maiesties most louing and dutifull commons doubt not but that as your maiestie is dulie exercised in reading the booke of God so it will please you to call to your princelie remembrance how fearefull the examples of Gods vengeance be that are there to be found against king Saule for sparing king Agag against king Achab for sauing the life of Benadad both which were by the iust iudgement of God depriued of their kingdoms for sparing those wicked princes whome God line 30 had deliuered into their hands of purpose to be slaine by them as by the ministers of his eternall and diuine iustice Wherein full wiselie Salomon proceeded to punishment when he tooke the life of his owne naturall and elder brother Adonias for the onelie intention
cementator abbas Richardus de Ware fecerunt id paâ—imentum Walter Wenlocke Bishop of Couentrie Iohn Kirkbie bishop of Elie. William de Marchia Walter LaÌ„ghstone bishop of Lichfield Walter Reinolds bishop of Worcester Hugh Spenser the elder Iohn de Sandall Walter Norwich Iohn Sandall Walter de Norwich Iohn Drokensford Iohn Hothum bishop of Elie. William Walwaine Iohn Stratford bishop of Winchester Walter Stapleton bishop of Excester Walter Norwich Roger Northborow or Norberie Walter Stapleton bishop of Excester William Melton Iohn Stratford Adam Tarleton Henrie Burwash or Burgesse bishop of Lincolne Thomas bishop of Hereford Robert Woodhouse William Melton W. bishop of Norwich Robert le Ailestonâ— Henrie Burwash bishop of Lincolne Richard de Burie bishop of Durham Wiliam de la Zouch Richard Sadington knight Robert Northborow bishop of Couentrie A bishop of Chester Robert Perning Roger Northborow bishop of Couentrie * Iohn Stratford William de Cusans William de Edington bishop of Winchester Iohn bishop of Rochester Simon Langham bishop of Elie. Iohn Barnet bishop of Worcester Richard de Chesterfield Thomas de Brantington Sir Richard Scroope lord of Bolton Sir Robert Ashton Henrie Wake bishop of Worcester Thomas Brantington bishop of Excester Richard earle of Arundell Thomas Brantington bishop of Excester Robert Hales Hugh lord Segraue Iohn Fortham bishop of Durham Iohn bishop of Hereford Thomas Brantington bishop of Excester Iohn Gilbert bishop of saint Dauids in Wales Iohn Waltham bishop of Salisburie Roger Walden bishop of London G. bishop of saint Dauids in Wales William Scroope earle of Wilshire * Henrie Bollingbroke coÌ„ming into England and deposing Richard the second Sir Iohn Northberie Henrie Bowet William lord Rosse Thomas lord Furniuall Nicholas Bubwith bishop of London Sir Richard Scroope lord Scroope of Bolton Sir Iohn Tiptost knight Henrie lord Scroope a This C serueth for the name of Scroope and the yeare of Christ. b Richard is spelled by the first letters of the four h verse Zorc by changing the letters of the word Cor and adding to it the letter z. which signifieth a yoke c By the first letter of the words of the fift verse set together backward ariseth the name of Thomas Graie Thomas erle of Arundell Sir Roger Lech knight Henrie lord Fitz Hugh Iohn Stafford Walter lord Hungerford Iohn lord Scroope Rafe lord Cromwell Sir Rafe Butler lord Sudleie Marmaduke bishop of Carleill Iames Fines lord Saie and Sele Iohn lord Beauchampe Iohn Tiptost Iames Butler earle of Wilshire Henrie vicouÌ„t Bourchier Iohn Talbot earle of Shrewsburie Iames earle of Wilshire Henrie viâ—â—unt Bourchier Thomas lord Bourchier Iohn earle of Worcester Edmund lord Greie of Ruthine after erle of Kent The lord Greie of Wilton The seuerall houses of the Greies The Greies â—ight honourable Sir Walter Blunt knight Sir Richard Wooduile Iohn Longstrother WilliaÌ„ Greie bishop of Elie HeÌ„rie Bourcher Sir Richard Wood Sir William Hopton Sir Reinold Braie knight Sir Iohn Dinham knight Thomas Howard erle of Surreie Thomas Howard Edward Seimor Sir William Paulet Sir Williâ—â— Cecill D. Powell in hist. Cambriae pa. 142 143 c. Robert Sitsylt Iames Sitsylt Iohn Sitsylt Eustace Sitsylt Baldwin Sitsylt Gerald Sitsylt Robert Sitsylt Iames Sitsylt Gerald Sitsylt â—â—ron de Dôr Iohn Sitsylt Sir Iohn Sitsylt D. Powell Iohn Sitsylt Thomas Sitsylt Philip Sitsylt Richard Sitsylt D. Powell The descent of sir William Cecill now lord treasuror Fr. Thiâ— The earle of Northumberland beheaded Englishmen sent to Ulster in Ireland Anno Reg. 15 A strange star appeared the bignesse therof and of what continuance Earle of Darbie deceased The life and death of the foresaid earle of Darbie Rare qualities in a noble man Hall and Wilkinson executed Great frost and a sharpe winter Lord priuie seale deceased Earle of Worcester sent into France Earle of Worcester robbed on the sea The narrow seas scowred Pirats on the west seas Pirats executed A man hanged in saint Georges field The earle of kent deceassed George Sanders murthered at Shooters hill A discourse of the murther practised and committed Roger Clement alià s trustie Roger. Browne the murtherer reâ—â—eued with mâ—â—ne He confesseth his offense vppon his examination George Browne hanged in Smithfield and afterward in chains on Shooters hill Anne Sanders Anne Drurie and trustie Roger hanged in Smithfield Anthonie Browne hanged at Yorke Pirats hanged at Wapping Foure women on the pillorie Haile in NorthamptoÌ„shire Thomas Woodhouse Erle of Essex and the lord Rich with other sailed into Ireland Bowes bagpipes darts among the Irish. Erle of Essex capteine generall of Ulster in Ireland Peter Burchet wounded maister Hawkins Peter Burchet found to be an heretike Peter Burchet abiured his heresie submitted himselfe to doo penance Peter Burchet killeth his kéeper Peter Burchet hanged Anno Reg. 16. Dearth without scarsitie afterwards plentie to them that had monie Priests saieng masse apprehended A monstrous fish but not so monstrous as some reported for his eies being great were in his head and not in his backe * Sperma 〈◊〉 Obsequie at Pauls for the French king Agnes Bridges Rachell Pinder at Pauls crosse for counterfetting to be possessed A lad of eighteéne yeares 〈◊〉 drowned 〈…〉 chanell in London 〈◊〉 maâ—ors â—â—ast at the Guildhall Tâ—aâ—me adâ—â—â—rned Two tides in one houre Fierie impressions â—â—â—â—â—llous Anno Reg. 17. Tempestuous winds out of 〈◊〉 south â—aie â—alt 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 in Februarie the 〈…〉 An earthquake in sundrie places of England and what effects it wrought Anabaptists bare fagots at Pauls crosse The anabaptists heresies Recanted Matthew Parker archbishop of Canturburie deceased Walter Haddon â—o St. 1182. Matâ—hew Parker a lerned antiquarie and what monuments of his loue to learning he left behind him Founder of a grammar schoole A benefactor to Corpus christi college Sermons perpetuallie founded at his charges in Norffolke and what other particular gifts he bestowed to good purposes De insigniâ—uâ— eiusdem Matthâ—â— Anabaptists banished Fiue personâ— of the familie of loue stood at Paules crosse Anabaptists burned in Smithfield Thunder and haile whereâ—â— insued great hurt The glaâ—â—â— houâ—e burnâ—â—â— A woman brought a beâ— of foure children at one burthen To the number of two and twentie pirats condemned and iudged to die No maiors feast at the Guildhall and 〈◊〉 The plague â—â—â—â—aged in London 〈◊〉 pag. 1185. God punished periurie Archbishop 〈◊〉 The bote â—â—â—wned Gréene hanged Frobishers first voiage for the discouerie of Cataia A rumor that capteine Frobisher was cast awaie Queene Elisabeths foreland A woman burnt at Tunbridge for poisoning hir husband Rare workemanship shewed in the compasse of a penie by the hand-writing of an Englishman Anno Reg. 18. 1576 English merchants susteine great losse by sea and why The English merchants complaine to the quéene of their wrongs These foure ships were staied for satisfaction of one Simons ship out of the which a Flishingec had taken certeine tuns of Canarie wines * Martin Caltrop William Godard The troubles increase This was the
holie land where he then remained the king studied by all possible meanes how to gratifie all the states of his realme to plant in their harts some good opinion of him And first of all he reformed such things as his brother had left verie preiudiciall to the estate of the church setting the same frée which before was sâ—re oppressed And furthermore somwhat to reléeue the coÌ„mon-wealth he promised to restore the lawes of good king Edward and to abolish or amend those which by his father and brother were alreadie ordeined to the hurt preiudice of the old ancient liberties of the realme of England He reuoked Anselme the archbishop of Canturburie out of exile who fled as yee haue heard to auoid the wrath of king William Moreouer he placed in the see of Winchester one William Gifford a graue and discréet person and also ordeined moonkes of honest reputation to be abbats in certeine abbeis which had beene long void and in the hands of William his brother in like maner he remitted certeine paiments which his brother and predecessour had caused to be raised by waie of taxes and customes Besides this on the 8. daie of September he committed Rafe bishop of Durham to the Tower of London by whose lewd counsell his said brother being seduced had in his life time doone manie oppressions to his people He ordeined also that one length of measuring should be vsed through this realme which was a yard appointing it to be cut after the length of his owne arme Manie other things he redressed to the contentation and commoditie of his subiects who gaue God thanks that he had in such wise deliuered them out of the hands of cruell extortioners After he had thus brought the common-wealth in so good estate he consulted with his Nobilitie where he might best get him a wise and thereby leaue vnlawfull companie keeping with concubines which demand was not misliked at all Herevpon they considered that Edgar king of Scotland had a sister named Maud a beautifull ladie and of vertuous conditions who was a professed nunne in a religious house to the end she might auoid the stormes of the world and lead hir life in more securitie after hir fathers deceasse This gentlewoman notwithstanding hir vow was thought to be a meet bedfellow for the king wherefore he sent ambassadors to hir brother Edgar requesting that he might haue line 10 hir in mariage But she refusing superstitiouslie at the first to breake hir professed vow would not heare of the offer wherewithall king Henrie being the morâ— inflamed sent new ambassadors to moue the case in more earnest sort than before in so much that Edgar vpon the declaration of their ambassage set the abbesse of the house where then she abode in hand to persuade hir who so effectuallie and diuerslie telling hir how necessarie profitable honorable the same should be both to hir countrie and line 20 kinred did so preuaile at the last that the yoong ladie granted willinglie to the mariage Herevpon she was transported into England and wedded to the king who caused the archbishop Anselme to crowne hir queene on S. Martins daie which fell vpon a sundaie being the eleuenth of Nouember ¶ It should séeme by Eadmerus that she was neuer nunne but onelie veiled by hir mother and placed amongst nunnes against hir will as she protested to the whole world at such time as archbishop Anselme line 30 refused to solemnize the mariage betwixt them till that doubt were cleared and the occasion remoued wherevpon euill disposed men would haue surmised ilfauoredlie and reported the worst Howbeit whether she were professed or veiled onelie loth she was to consent at the first as partlie ye haue heard but after that she was coupled with the king in mariage she prooued a right obedient wife About this season the archbishop of Uienna came ouer into England with the popes authoritie as he line 40 pretended to be legat ouer all Briteine which was strange newes vnto England and greatlie woondered at as Eadmerus saith of all men For ithad not beene heard of in England before that time that any person should supplie the popes roome except the archbishop of Canturburie And so he departed as he came for no man receiued him as legat neither did he exercise anie legantine authoritie Not long after the king sent ambassadours to Rome about a suit which he had against the archbishop Anselme for that line 50 he denied not onelie to doo him homage but also would not consecrate such bishops and ecclesiasticall gouernours as he vndertooke to inuest Touching which matter no small trouble arose as hereafter shall appeere year 1011 In the meane time Robert the kings elder brother returning out of the holie land came into Normandie for after he had aduertisement of the death of his brother Rufus and that his yoonger brother line 60 was crowned king of England he was greatlie displeased in his mind and meant with all spéed to assaie if he might recouer it out of his hands ¶ We read that when christian princes had woone Hierusalem they met togither in the temple to chuse a king for the gouernement of that citie and countrie in which conuent duke Robert was chosen before all the residue to be king there by reason of a miracle as some haue left recorded wrought by quenching of a â—aper and the sudden kindling thereof againe as he held the same in his hand standing in the church before the altar amongst other on Easter euen so as thereby it should be thought he was appointed among all the residue to be king and so was nominated But he hauing his mind more inclined to England refused to take the charge vpon him wherevpon after that daie he neuer greatlie prospered in anie businesse which he tooke in hand as some doo gather Other authors of good credit which haue written that voiage into the holie land mâ—ke no mention of anie such matter but declare that Godfraie of Bolongne was by the generall consent of all the princes and capiteins there elected king as in the description of that voiage more plainelie appéereth But now to returne from whence I haue digressed When the fame was blowne into England that duke Robert was returned into Normandie and that the people had receiued him for their duke with great triumph and ioy there were diuerse which desiring innouations deliting in alterations and being wearie of the quiet gouernement of king Henrie wrote letters into England to the duke signifieng to him that if he would make hast and come to recouer the realme out of his brothers hands who vsurped it by an vniust title they would be readie to aid him with all their power Herewithall the duke being readie of his owne accord to this enterprise was not a little inflamed and grew more earnest to make hast about this businesse in somuch as where he would not séeme at
dealing was too manifest although indeed he abused his fathers patience for a while who was desirous of nothing more than to win his sonnes by some courteous meanes and therfore diuerse times offered to pardon all offenses committed by his enimies at the suit of his sonne the king who in déed offered himselfe now and then as an intreatour but that was onelie to win time that his brother with such Brabanders and other souldiers as he had with him in aid beside the forces of the barons of Guien might worke the more mischéefe against their father and their brother earle Richard in wasting and destroieng their countries that stood stedfast on their side In the meane time Richard the archbishop of Canturburie and diuerse other bishops and abbats both of England and Normandie assembled togither at Caen and in the abbeie church of S. Stephan pronounced the sentence of excommunication against all those that did hinder and impeach their purpose which was to haue peace and concord concluded betwixt the king and his sonnes the same sonnes onlie out of the said sentence excepted Diuerse shiftes were made by king Henrie the sonne and his brother earle Geffrey also to get monie for the paiment of their souldiers as spoiling of shrines and such like But at length when things framed not to their purpose and that the harme which they could doo against their father was much lesse than they wished if power had béene answerable to their wâ—â—es king Henrie the sonne through indignation and displeasure as some write fell into a gréeuous sicknesse in a village called Mertell noâ— farre from Limoges where his father laie at siege At the first he was taken with an extreame feuer and after followed a sore flixe Now perceiuing himselfe in danger of death and that the physicians had giuen him ouer he sent to his father better late than neuer confessing his trespasse committed against him and required of all fatherlie loueth 〈◊〉 sée him once before he died But for that the father thought not good to commit himselfe into the hands of such vngratious persons as were about his sonne he sent his ring vnto him in token of his blessing and as it were a pledge to signifie that he had forgiuen him his vnnaturall doings against him The son receiuing it with great humilitie kissed it and so ended his life in the presence of the archbishop of Burdeaux and others on the day of saint Barnabie the apostle He died as some write verie penitent and sorowfull And whereas in his life time he had vowed to make a iourneie into the holie land against Gods enimies and taken vpon him the crosse for that intent he deliuered it vnto his familiar freend William line 10 Marshall to go thither with it in his stead Moreouer when he perceiued present death at hand he first confessed his sinnes secretlie and after openly before sundrie bishops and men of religion and receiued absolution in most humble wise After this he caused his fine clothes to be taken from him and therewith a heare cloth to be put vpon him and after tieng a cord about his necke he said vnto the bishops and other that stood by him I deliuer my selfe an vnworthie and greeuous sinner vnto you the ministers of line 20 God by this cord beséeching our Lord Iesus Christ which pardoned the théefe confessing his faults on the crosse that through your praiers and for his great mercies sake it may please him to be mercifull vnto my soule wherevnto they all answered Amen Then he said vnto them Draw me out of this bed with this cord and laie me on that bed strawed with ashes which he had of purpose prepared and as he commanded so they did and they laid at his feet and at his head two great square stones Thus being prepared line 30 to die he willed his bodie after his deceasse to be conueied into Normandie and buried at Rouen And so after he had receiued the sacrament of the bodie and bloud of our Lord he departed this life as afore is said about the 28. yeare of his age His bodie after his death was conueied towards Rouen there to be buried accordinglie as he had willed but when those that had charge to conueie it thither were come vnto the citie of Mauns the bishop there and the cleargie would not suffer them to line 40 go any further with it but committed it to buriall in honourable wise within the church of saint Iulian. Whereof when the citizens of Rouen were aduertised they were sore offended with that dooing and streightwaies sent vnto them of Mauns requiring to haue the corps deliuered threatening otherwise with manie earnest oths to fetch it from them by force Wherefore king Henrie to set order in this matter commanded that the corps of his sonne the king should be deliuered vnto them of Rouen to be line 50 buried in their citie as he himselfe had willed before his death And so it was taken vp and conueied to Rouen where it was eftsoones buried in the church of our ladie ¶ Thus ended this yoong king in his floorishing youth to whome through his owne iust deserts long life was iustlie denied sith he delighted to begin his gouernement with vnlawfull attempts as an other Absolon against his owne naturall father seeking line 60 by wrongfull violence to pull the scepter out of his hand He is not put in the number of kings bicause he remained for the more part vnder the gouernance of his father so that he rather bare the name of king as appointed to reigne than that he may be said to haue reigned in deed So that héere by the waie a notable obseruation dooth occurre and offer it selfe to be noted of vs namelie that euen princes children though borne to great excellencie and in high degâ—eâ— of dignitie aâ—e to consider with themselues that notwithstanding their statelie titles of souereigntie they haue a dutie to discharge vnto their parents which if it be neglected and that in place thereof disobedience is substituted God himselfe when politike lawes prouide not to punish such offenses will take the cause in hand will powre vengeance vpon such vngratious children For he will be true of his word both in blessing and curssing in blessing the dutifull child with long life and happie daies and in curssing the obstinate and froward with short life and vnfortunate daies according to the tenure of his law If this man had liued in the old Romans time when aged persons were so reuerenced and honoured much more parents he had beene cut off in the prime of his disobedience and present death had beene inflicted vpon him as a due and deserued reward which Iuuenal noteth excellentlie well in these words Credebant hoc grande nefas morte piandum Si iuuenis vetulo non assurrexerat si Barbato cuicunque puer licèt ipse videret Plura domi farra maioris
of warre except such as were taken to mercie and saued aliue being about 200 in the whole whereas there were aboord the same ship 500 men of warre as some write though other haue but 800. ¶ But now to other accidents that chanced this yere On Midsummer eeue there was such an eclipse of the sunne the moone being the same time 27. daies old that for the space of thrâ—e houres for so long it lasted such darknesse came ouer the face of the earth that euen in the daie time for this eclipse began about nine of the clocke in the morning the stars appeared plainelie in the element In the same moneth of Iune Richard de Camville whome the king had left as ye haue heaâ—d gouernour in Cypres chanced to fall sicke and comming without licence to the siege of Acres there died After whose death the Cypriots and those called Griffones and â—râ—â—ians reuolted from the English obedience and chose to them a king one that was a moonke of the familie of Isâ—chus their former 〈◊〉 but Robert de Turneham who after the deceasse of Richard Camuille remained soâ—â— gouernour of the I le gathered a power of men togither and giuing battest to the new king whom â—oueden nameâ—â— also emperour vanquished him with his complices tooke him prisoner and hanged him on a paire of galowes The same moneth also died â—afe Fiâ—z Geffrey who had the other king Isac in cuâ—â—odie and then king Richard deliuered him to the â—nights of the hospitall who sent him to the caâ—â—ell of Margâ—â—â—t there safelie to be kept as prisoner to the vse of the king of England Now will we returne vnto the affaires of England and make 〈◊〉 mention of â—he dooings there Yee shall vnderstand that aâ—â—er king Richard was set forward on his iournie William Longchampe lord chanâ—ellour and bishop of Eâ—ie appointed as ye haue hearâ— gouernour of the realme began to exercise his aâ—â—â—oritie to the vâ—termost taking vpon him the state of a prince rather â—han of a subiect He had 〈…〉 late as before 〈◊〉 heard procured such fauor at the hands of pope Clement that he was instituted by him lâ—gat of the apostolike see here in England line 10 so that pretending a rule â—oth ouer the clergie and temporaltie and by reason that he had both the authoritie of pope and king 〈◊〉 his hands he vsed the same to his most aduantage as well in causes ecclesiasticall as temporall whereby he wrought manie oppressions both against them of the clergie and temporaltie He mainteined such a port and countenance in his dooings that he would ride with a thousand horsses by meanes wherof â—hen he came to lie at abbeis and other places bringing with him such a traine he line 20 was verie burdenous vnto them speciallie when he laie at their houses any space of time This man called a conuocation at Westminster wherein at the suit of Hugh Nouant bishop of Chester it was decreed that the moonks of Couentrie should be displaced and secular canons brought into that house to supplie their roomes Which was doone by the authoritie of the said lord chancellour being bribed by the foresaid bishop of Chester as some writers haue recorded for displeasure which he bare to line 30 the moonks by reason of a fraie which they had made vpon the said bishop in their church at Couentrie and drawne bloud of him before the altar there as he alledged But some haue written that the bishop of Chester procured a licence of the pope to alter the state of that church in sort aboue mentioned which is most likelie surmising against the moonks that they were most manifest and stubborne disturbers of that peace and quietnesse which ought to remaine amongst line 40 churchmen and yet he himselfe sowed the strife and dissention amongst them and namelie betwéene the prior and his couent Moreouer the said lord chancellour depriued such rulers of their administrations and gouernements as the king had appointed to beare any high authoritie within the realme pretending not onelie the kings commandement but also alleadging a reason which mooued him so to doo as thus that he might thereby take awaie all occasions of grudges from the people which line 50 otherwise might thinke and would not sticke to saie that they were oppressed by the rule of manie kings in stéed of one king He did also depriue Hugh the bishop of Durham of all his honour and dignitie and put the bishop of Winchester to great trouble Moreouer doubting least the Nobles of the realme would rise against him and put him out of his place he sought to keepe them lowe and spoiled them of their monie and substance Likewise pretending a colour of doubt least earle Iohn the kings brother line 60 should attempt any thing against his brother the king now in his absence he sought also to kéepe him vnder To be breefe he plaied in all points the right part of a tyrant and shewed himselfe such a one in all respects as mainteined his title Non disceptando aut subtilibus argumentis Vincere sed ferro mauult sua iura tueri Pontifices nunc bella iuuant sunt caetera nuga Nec praecepta patrum nec Christi dogmata curant Iactant se dominos rerum sibi cuncta licere At length the king receiued aduertisement from his mother queene Elianor of his demeanor and that there was great likeliehood of some commotion to insue if spéedie remedie were not in time prouided Wherevpon being then in Sicile he sent Walter the archbishop of Rouen into England with commission to ioine in administration of the kingdome with his chancellor the said bishop of Elie. But the archbishop comming into England was so slenderlie interteined of the chancellour and in effect so litâ—e regarded that notwithstanding his commission and instructions brought from the king he could not be permitted to 〈◊〉 any rule But the chancellour deteininâ— the same whoâ—â—e in his hâ—â—ds ordered all things at his pleasure without 〈◊〉 the archbish 〈◊〉 Rouen or any other of counsell with him except such aâ— it pleased him to 〈◊〉 for the seruing of his owne turne ¶ He certeinlie beléeued as maâ—â—e other 〈◊〉 that king Richard would neuer returne with life into England againe which caused him to attempt so manie vnlawfull â—nterprises and therefore he got into his hands all the castels and fortresses belonging to the crowne and furnished them with garisons of souldiers as he thought necessarie depriuing such capteins of their roomes as he suspected not â—o fauour his procéedings One Gerard de Camuille had bought of the king the kéeping of the castell of Lincolne vnto whom also the shiriffewike of the shire was committed for a time but the lord chancellour perceiuing that he bare more good will vnto earle Iohn the kings brother than to him which Iohn he most suspected he tooke from him the shiriffewike
about woon by him sith the beginning of these wars likewise all the right which he had in Berrie Auâ—ergine and Gascoigne and the countie of Albemarle On the other part the king of England should resigne Gisors and certeine other places and namelie Ueurine or Ueulquesine vnto the king of France Herevpon were suerties also bound for performance and the forfeiture of fiftéene thousand marks assigned to be paid by the partie that first brake the peace Shortlie after the French king repenting him selfe of the agreement began to make a warre anew so that king Richard seized into his hands all the goods and possessions which belonged to the abbats of the order of the great monasterie of Clunie and of saint Denise la Charitie which had become suertie for the French king in the summe of 1500 marks aforesaid This yeare died William de Forz earle of Albemarle in whose place succéeded Baldwine de Betun by the kings gift and married the countesse of Albermarle There was a motion also made for a marriage betwixt the lord Otho sonne to Henrie duke of Saxonie king Richards nephue by his sister and the ladie Margaret daughter to the king of Scots so as they should haue inioied the countries of Lothian Northumberland and the countie of Caerleill with the castels For the conclusion of which marriage the archbishop of Canturburie was sent about Christmas to commune with the king of Scots but bicause the Scotish quéene was then conceiued of child hir husband in hope that God would send him a sonne refused to stand vnto the aboue mentioned couenants At this time king Richard sent the abbat of Caen who was also the elect of Durham into England to take an accompts of those that had the receipts of the kings monie for this abbat had informed the king that his receiuers and officers here in the realme dealt not iustlie in making their accompts but both deceiued the king and oppressed his people in exacting more than was due and concealing that which they ought to stand accomptable for The king supposing his words to be true or at least likelie so to line 10 be and that in reforming such vntruth in his officers it should be both profitable to him and well liked of the people sent this abbat ouer with commission to be as it were his generall auditour Howbeit Hubert archbishop of Canturburie which was gouernour of the realme in causes both temporall and spirituall by reason he had the kings authoritie as his vicegerent therefore sufficientlie countenanced also the popes as his legat authorised did somewhat stomach the matter in that it line 20 should be thought he did suffer such abuses in the kings officers and not reforme them But he held him content and said little sith the abbat shewed him the kings commission to doo that which he went about although he brought it not to passe For whereas he came ouer in lent and gaue out commandements that all such as had any thing to doo in receipt of the kings monie should appeare before him after Easter he tarried not to see Easter himselfe but was called into another world by the stroke of death line 30 there to render accompts for his owne acts here in this life committed At the same time there was another person in London called William with the long beard alià s Fitz Osbert which had likewise informed the king of certeine great oppressions and excessiue outrages vsed by rich men against the poore namelie the worshipfull of the citie the Maior and Aldermen who in their hoistings when any tallage was to be gathered burdened the poore further than was thought reason line 40 to ease themselues wherevpon the said William being a seditious person and of a busie nature ceassed not to make complaints Now bicause the king gaue eare vnto him at the first he tooke a boldnesse thereof drawing vnto him great routs of the poorer sort of people would take vpon him to defend the causes of those that found themselues greeued with the heauie yoke of richmen and gentlemen He was somewhat learned and verie eloquent he had also a verie good wit but he applied it rather to set dissention line 50 betwixt the high estates and the low than to anie other good purpose He accused also his owne brother of treason who in his youth had kept him to schoole beene verie good and beneficiall brother vnto him bicause now he would not still mainteine him with monie to beare out his riottous port Moreouer he declared to the king that by extortion and briberie of certeine men of great wealth he lost manie forfeits and escheats Manie gentlemen of honour sore hated him for line 60 his presumptuous attempts to the hindering of their purposes but he had such comfort of the king that he little passed for their malice but kept on his intent till the king being aduertised of the assemblies which he made commanded him to ceasse from such dooings that the people might fall againe to their sciences and occupations which they had for the more part left off at the instigation of this William with the long beard so named of the long heare of his â—eard which he nourished of purpose to seeme the more graue and manlike and also as it were in despite of them which counterfeited the Normans that were for the most part shauen and bicause he would resemble the ancient vsage of the English nation The kings commandement in restraint of the peoples resort vnto him was well kept a while but it was not long yer they began to follow him againe as they had doone before Then he tooke vpon him to make vnto them certeine collations or sermons taking for his theme Haurietis aquâ—â— in gaudio de fontibus saluatoris that is to saie Ye shall draw in gladnesse waters out of the founteins of your sauiour And hereto he added I am said he the sauiour of poore men ye be the poore and haue assaied the hard hands and heauie burdens of the rich now draw ye therefore the healthfull waters of vnderstanding out of my wels and springs and that with ioy For the time of your visitation is come I shall part waters from waters by waters I vnderstand the people and I shall part the people which are good and méeke from the people that are wicked and proud and I shall disseuer the good and euill euen as light is diuided from darkenesse By these and such persuasions and means as he vsed he had gotten two and fiftie thousand persons readie to haue taken his part as appeared after by a roll of their names found in his kéeping besides diuerse instruments of iron to breake vp houses and other things seruing to such like purposes So that he brought the commoners into a great liking of him but the rich and wealthie citizens stood in much feare so that they kept their
although we haue persecuted the father of this yoong prince for his euill demeanor and worthilie yet this yoong child whome heere line 50 you see before you as he is in years tender so is he pure and innocent from those his fathers dooings Wherefore in so much as euerie man is charged onelie with the burthen of his owne works and transgressions neither shall the child as the scripture teacheth vs beare the iniquitie of his father we ought therefore of dutie and conscience to pardon this yoong and tender prince and take compassion of his age as yee see And now for so much as he is the kings naturall and eldest sonne and must be our souereigne king and successour in this kingdome come and let vs appoint him our king gouernour let vs remooue from vs this Lewes the French kings sonne and suppresse his people which are a confusion and shame to our nation and the yoke of their seruitude let vs cast from off our shoulders When the barons had heard this earles words after some silence and conference had they allowed of his saiengs and immediatlie with one consent proclaimed the yoong gentleman king of England whome the bishops of Winchester and Bath did crowne and annoint with all due solemnities at Glocester vpon the day of the feast of the apostles Simon Iude in presence of the legat Being thus crowned he was committed to the gouernance of his brother in law the foresaid William Marshall earle of Penbroke who to win the good will of the people towards the yoong king sent foorth messengers with letters into all parts of the realme to signifie the newes of the kings coronation with an offer also of pardon to all such of the barons side as would turne to his part and likewise of great rewards to those which hauing hitherto continued faithfull would so remaine vntill this trouble should be ouerpast By this means it came to passe that his freends greatlie reioised at these newes and manie of those which till that time had aided the Frenchmen reuolted from them and in hope of pardon and reward turned to king Henrie It is reported by writers that amongst other things as there were diuerse which withdrew the hearts of the Englishmen from Lewes the consideration of the confession which the vicount of Melune made at the houre of his death was the principall The order whereof in the later end of the life of king Iohn yée haue heard Truelie how little good will inwardlie Lewes and his Frenchmen bare towards the English nation it appéered sundrie waies And first of all in that they had them in a manner in no regard or estimation at all but rather sought by all means to spoile and keepe them vnder not suffering them to beare anie rule nor putting them in trust with the custodie of such places as they had brought them in possession of Secondlie they called them not to councell so often as at the first they vsed to doo neither did they procéed by their directions in their businesse as before they were accustomed Thirdlie in all manner of their conuersation neither Lewes nor his Frenchmen vsed them so familiarlie as at their first comming but as their maner is shewing more loftie countenances toward them they greatlie increased the indignation of the English loâ—ds against them who might euill abide to be so ouer-ruled To conclude where great promises were made at their entring into the land they were slowe inough in performing the same so as the expectation of the line 10 English barons was quite made void for they perceiued dailie that they were despised scoffed at for their disloialtie shewed to their owne naturall prince hearing now and then nips and tawnts openlie by the Frenchmen that as they had shewed themselues false and vntrustie to their owne lawfull king so they would not continue anie long time true vnto a stranger Thus all these things laid togither gaue occasion to the English barons to remember themselues and to take iust occasion to reuolt vnto king line 20 Henrie as before wée haue mentioned But now to the purpose of the historie Ye haue heard how Lewes had spent long time in vaine about the besieging of the castell of Douer for although he plagued them within verie sore yet Hubert de Burgh and Gerard de Sotigam bare themselues so manfullie and therwith so politikelie that their aduersaries could not come to vnderstand their distresse danger within the castell in so much that despairing to win it in anie short time euen before line 30 the death of king Iohn was knowne as some write Lewes was contented to grant a truce to them that kept this castell till the feast of Easter neâ—t insuing but as it appeareth by other this truce was not concluded till after the death of king Iohn was signified to Lewes who greatlie reioising therat supposed now within a short time to bring the whole realme vnder his subiection and therefore raising his siege from Douer in hope to compasse enterprises of greater consequence he came backe vnto line 40 the citie of London When they within the castell of Douer saw the siege remooued they came foorth and burnt such houses and buildings as the Frenchmen had raised before the same castell and comming abroad into the countrie got togither such vittels and other necessarie prouision as might serue for the furnishing of their fortresse for a long season After that Lewes was returned vnto London he remained not long there but with a great armie marched foorth vnto line 50 Hertford where he besieged the castell which was in the keeping of Walter de Godardule seruant in household vnto Fouks de Brent who defended the place from the feast of S. Martine vntill the feast of S. Nicholas and then deliuered it by composition that he and his people might depart with all their goods horsse and armour From thence Lewes went vnto Berkehamstéed and besieged the castell which was valiantlie defended by a Duch capteine named Waleron who with his people behaued himselfe so line 60 manfullie that a great number of Frenchmen and other of them without were left dead in the ditches At an issue also made vpon the side towards the north where the barons lay they spoiled the carriage and trusse of the said barons and tooke therewithall the standard of William Mandeuile Finallie about the â—0 day of December they yet yéelded the place vnto Lewes bicause they were no longer able to keepe it their liues goods horsse and armour saued Lewes hauing furnished this castell with a sufficient garrison returned backe towards London and comming to S. Albons constreined the abbat to giue vnto him foure score marks of siluer for a fine 〈◊〉 recognisance of dooing his homage till the feast of the purification of our ladie next insuing Which poore abbat was made to beléeue that he ought to take this dealing to be an act of great courtesie the
he required by way of a tallage eight thousand marks of the Iewes charging them on paine of hanging not to deferre that paiment The Iewes sore impouerished with gréeuous and often paiments excused themselues by the popes vsurers and reprooued line 10 plainelie the kings excessiue taking of monie as well of his christian subiects as of them The king on the other side to let it be knowne that he taxed not his people without iust occasion and vpon necessitie that droue him thereto confessed openlie that he was indebted by his bonds obligatorie in thrée hundred thousand marks and againe the yearelie reuenues assigned to his sonne prince Edward arose to the summe of fifteene thousand marks and aboue where the reuenues that belonged vnto the crowne were line 20 greatlie diminished in such wise that without the aid of his subiects he should neuer be able to come out of debt To be short when he had fléeced the Iewes to the quicke he set them to farme vnto his brother earle Richard that he might pull off skin and all but yet considering their pouertie he spared them and neuerthelesse to relieue his brothers necessitie vpon a pawne he lent him an huge masse of monie These shifts did the king vse from time to time not caring with what exactions and impositions he burthened line 30 the inhabitants of his land whereby he procured vnto himselfe the name of an oppressor and couetous scraper But what woonder is it in a king sith Maxima paris hominum morbo iactatur eodem About the same time Lewes the French king sent vnto king Henrie for a present an elephant a beast most strange and woonderfull to the English people sith most seldome or neuer any of that kind had béene séene in England before that time The French queene also sent for a present vnto the king of England line 40 an ewer of pearle like to a peacocke in forme and fashion garnished most richlie with gold siluer and saphires to furnish him foorth in all points of fine and cunning workemanship to the verie resemblance of a liuing peacocke ¶ Manie woonders chanced about this time The sea rose with most high tides riuers were so filled with abundance of water by reason of the great continuall raine that maruellous flouds followed therevpon A comet also appeared and manie high buildings were striken by force of line 50 tempests The death of Walter archbishop of Yorke followed these prodigious wonders who had gouerned that sée the space of fortie yeares After him succeeded one Seuall the 34 archbishop of that citie About the feast of S. Etheldred the ladie Elianor wife of prince Edward the kings son came to London where she was honorablie receiued of the citizens conueied through the citie to S. Iones without Smithfield and there lodged for a season and yer long she remooued to the Sauoy It was not long line 60 after that the king seized the liberties of the citie of London into his hands for certeine monie which the quéene claimed as due to hir of a certeine right to be paid by the citizens so that about the feast of S. Martine in Nouember they gaue vnto the king foure hundred marks and then had their liberties to them againe restored and the kings vnder-treasuror discharged which for the time was made custos or kéeper of the citie About the same time came another legat from the pope namelie one Ruscand a Gascoigne borne to whom with the archb of Canturburie and the bishop of Hereford the pope had granted authoritie to collect and gather the tenths of the spiritualtie within England Scotland and Ireland to the vse of the pope and the king notwithstanding all priuiledges for what cause or vnder what forme of words so euer the same had passed This Ruscand also absolued the king of his vow made to go into the holie land to the end he might go against Manfred king of Sicill He also preached the crosse against the same Manfred promising all those remission of their sins which should go to war against Manfred as well as if they should go into the holie land to warre against Gods enimies there whereat faithfull men much maruelled that he should promise as great méed for the shedding of christian bloud as the bloud of infidels The craftie and slie fetches which were vsed in this season by this Ruscand the bishop of Hereford and other their complices to get monie of the prelats and gouernors of monasteries within this realme were wonderfull verie greeuous to those that felt themselues oppressed therewith and namelie for the debt which the said bishop of Hereford had charged them with they being not priuie to the receipt nor hauing any benefit thereby Ruscand called a councell at London propounded great causes why the prelats ought to aid the pope and so therevpon demanded great summes of monie Amongst other summes he demanded six hundred marks of the house of S. Albons To conclude his demands were estéemed vnreasonable so that the bishops and abbats were in a maruellous perplexitie perceiuing into what miserable state by reason of immoderate exactions the church of England was brought The bishop of London sticked not to saie that he would rather lose his head than consent that the church should be brought to such seruitude as the legat went about to inforce And the bishop of Worcester openlie protested that he would sooner suffer himselfe to be hanged than to sée the church subiect to such oppression by their examples Other also taking a boldnesse vnto them affirmed that they would follow the steps of Thomas sometime archbishop of Canturburie which for the liberties of the church suffered himselfe to haue his braines cut out of his head Yet were those prelats euill troubled for the king was against them on the one side and the pope gaping after monie was become their vtter enimie on the other neither were the Noble men much mooued with pitie towards the church their mother as the terme then went now thus in miserie Finallie the prelats appealed from Ruscand vnto the popes presence and would not obeie the wilfull and violent oppressions of the same Ruscand so that much adoo there was and a great complaint made to the king by Ruscand of the stubborne disobedience of the prelats and namelie of the bishop of London The king was in a great chafe with him and threatned that he would cause the pope to punish him according to â—hat he well deserued but the bishop answered thereto Let the pope and king saith he which are stronger than I am take from me my bishoprike which by law yet they cannot doo let them take awaie my miter yet an helmet shall remaine This yeare after S. Lukes daie the king assembled a great number of the nobilitie at London and thither came the bishop of Bologna la grasse from the pope bringing with him a
crate teneri Auxerat articulos macies genuùmque tumebat Orbis immodico prodibant tubere tali c. This yeare after Easter a parlement was holden at London in the which manie weightie matters were intreated of touching the kings causes namelie about the conquest of the realme of Naples the pope hauing sent a messenger named Hurtred for the discharge of monie which the pope had receiued of merchants as it were to the kings vse and entred bonds for the paiment thereof Also whereas the king was sore disquieted for the warre which the Welshmen made against him he asked aduise of the states how he might procéed to seeke his iust reuenge of them who by reason of their good hap were become verie stout and loftie and had of late by the expiring of a truce which had beene accorded betwixt them spoiled and wasted the most part of Penbrokeshire of which iniurie the earle of Penbroke namelie William de Ualence sore complained But whereas the king knowing him to be rich willed him to lay out some great portion of monie towards the maintenance of his wars the erle tooke great displeasure therewith as though the king had made that request by the suggestion and setting on of some of the English lords in somuch that words passed in displeasant sort betwixt him and the earles of Glocester and Leicester so far foorth that the earle of Penbroke called the earle of Leicester traitor who therewith made towards him to haue reuenged the iniurie and so would haue doone indéed if the king had not beene moderator betwixt them Finallie at this parlement the lords told the king that they might not aid him with any great summes of monie except it should redound to their great impouerishment they told him also that he had not doone wiselie to enter into couenants for the purchase of the kingdome of Naples for his sonne without their consents They also declared to him what articles it should be good for him to propone vnto the pope if he would haue him to continue in bearing the charges of the wars against Manfred But when those articles were afterwards presented to the pope he allowed them not so the matter remained without any certeine assurance of the promises which had béene and still were from time to time made to set the king on dotage The archbishop of Yorke had his crosse taken from him by the popes commandement but the archbishop would not yet bow his knée vnto Baall to bestow the benefices of his church vpon aliens and such as were vnworthie persons as it had beene to cast pearles vnto swine ¶ There came from the pope as his Nuncio vnto king Henrie a frier minor named Mansuetus furnished with great power and authoritie in somuch that he tooke vpon him to absolue men for changing their vowes and to iustifie those that were excōmunicated persons false periured and such like Wherevpon manie of euill disposition presumed to offend for easinesse to purchase pardon bred boldnesse in manie howbeit the wise séemed to laugh at such dooings The parlement still continued till the sundaie after the Ascension day with hard hold betwixt the king and the lords who laid it fore to his charge that he had not performed the promises which he made touching the obseruing of the liberties conteined in the great charter They also complained greatlie of his misgouernance in that he so much aduanced the Poictouins and other strangers to the impouerishment of himselfe and the whole realme and further mainteined them so far foorth that they were readie to offer wrong vnto other vpon presumption of his fauour and bearing with them he hauing by commandement restreined that no processe should passe line 10 out of the chancerie against certeine of them that were his coosins as the earle of Penbroke and others Finallie when the lords were in doubt which way to worke for their owne safeties they caused the parlement to be proroged till the feast of saint Barnabe then to begin againe at Oxford In the meane time the lords of the realme as the earles of Glocester Leicester Hereford and Northfolke with other did confederate themselues togither bicause they stood in feare to be intrapped by the kings subtill sleights line 20 and by the craftie wiles of those strangers whom he retained against them In the same yeare by the wind which continuallie certeine months togither kept northerlie the flours with other growing things were so hindered that scarselie they appeared to anie purpose till the most part of Iune was past wherevpon the hope of receiuing the fruits of the earth was quite taken away so vpon the great dearth that happened a sore death and mortalitie followed for want of necessarie food line 30 to susteine the pining bodies of the poore people They died so thicke that there were great pits made in churchyards to laie the dead bodies in one vpon an other About the feast of the Ascension Seuall the archbishop of Yorke departed this life who constantlie had resisted the tyrannie of the court of Rome in defense of his church suffering in this world manie greeuous tribulations but now was remooued from thense vnto the kingdome of heauen to be crowned with line 40 the elect for his good deseruings as was then certenlie beleeued About this time a great number of Poictouins were come into England by reason of their aliance and coosinage to the king the which by the kings fauour being highlie aduanced began to war proud thereof and to require to be restored vnto such lands and liuings as before time they had possessed namelie the kings halfe brethren Athelmare or Odomare that was a préest with William Geffrey and Guie these were the sonnes of Hugh le Brun line 50 earle of Marsh by his wife queene Isabell the mother of king Henrie and being come into England they shewed themselues verie loftie high-minded partlie bicause of their coosinage to the king partlie by reason of his courteous interteining of them insomuch that forgetting themselues they began to despise vpon a presumptuous pride the English nobilitie looking still for preferment of honor aboue all other And suerlie Odomare obteined at the first a great peece of his purpose being made by the kings line 60 gift bishop of Winchester and by that means bare a stout port and greatlie holpe and mainteined his other brethren The English barons not well able to suffer such presumption in strangers who seemed to haue them in derision complained to the king in so much that at length as well for a reformation hereof as in other things a parlement was called as before you haue heard first at London and after reiorned to Oxenford there to be assembled about the feast of saint Barnabe in the moneth of Iune This of some writers is named Insanum parliamentum that is to say The mad parlement for at this parlement to the
Englishmen as they came vp towards them The English archers which were mingled amongst the horssemen paid them home againe with their shot so that finallie the English horssemen winning the top of the hill slue manie of them standing stoutlie at defense and put the residue to flight Stephan Sward that had slaine Leolin after the victorie was atchiued rode to the dead bodie which he had slaine in the beginning of the battell and vpon â—ew taken of him perceiued who he was of which good hap the Englishmen were verie ioifull His head was herewith cut off which the lord Edmund Mortimer tooke with him vnto Rutland where the king as then was lodged vnto whome he presented it and the king sent 〈◊〉 vnto London appointing that there should be an yuie crowne set vpon it in token that he was a prince and so being adorned a horsseman carried it vpon the end of his staffe through Cheapside holding it as he rode on heigth that all men might sée it till he came to the tower there it was pight vp aloft vpon one of the highest turrets remaining there a long time after Thus was the prophesie fulfilled which was told is shewed in the third yeare of king Henrie was in this yeare fullie finished The nineteenth of March died Alexander king of Scotland by a fall which he caught as he ran a stirring horsse he left no issue behind him nor any certeine knowne heire to succéed him by reason wherof insued great harme to that relme as in the Scotish historie may more at large appeare The manner of whose death as in Richard Southwell I find it reported I haue thought good breeflie to touch for that in line 10 recitall thereof he somewhat disagreeth from the Scotish historie There went saith he a common speach through Scotland all this yeare before the kings death that on the same ninetéenth of March the daie of iudgement should be wherevpon as the said king sat at dinner in the castell of Edenburgh hauing a dish of excellent good lampries before him he sent part therof to one of the lords that sat at some other table not far from him and willed him by the gentleman that bare it to be merrie and haue in line 20 minâ— that this was the day of doome The lord sent him thanks againe and praied the messenger to tell the king merilie 〈◊〉 if this were the daie of doome they should rise to iudgement spéedilie with their bellies filled with good meats and drinks After they had dined and the night began to draw on he tooke his horsse and onlie accompanied with thrée gentlemen would needs ride to Kingorne where the queene his new wife then laie and before he could get vnto Innerkenin it was darke night so that he tooke there line 30 two guides to lead him the waie but they had not ridden past two miles but that the guides had quite lost the waie so that they were driuen to giue their horsses libertie to beat it out themselues Herewithall the king being seuered from his companie how he ruled his horsse it is hard to saie but downe he was throwne and immediatlie died with the vehement fall which he thus caught either headlong downe one of the cliffes or otherwise and thus he came to his end on a mondaie being saint Cuthberts euen the nineteenth of March as before is noted line 40 after he had reigned six thirtie yeares and nine moneths as the same Southwell saieth who also contrarie to that which Hector Boetius writeth affirmeth that the same daie was so tempestuous with wind snow haile and raine that he and manie other that then liued and felt it durst not vncouer their faces in going abroad against the bitter northerne wind that droue the snow and sleet most vehementlie vpon them And although that such fowle weather line 50 might haue staied him from taking his iournie in that sort yet he made no accompt thereof as he that was accustomed to ride as well in fowle weather as faire and spared neither for tempest waters nor craggie rocks thicke nor thin for all was one to him oftentimes taking his iournie in disguised apparell accompanied onlie with one seruant But to returne vnto the dooings in England In this yeare the king tooke escuage fortie shillings of euerie knights fee towards the charges of his line 60 last wars in Wales ¶ A parlement was holden at Westminster at the which were made the statutes called Additamenta Glocestriae or rather the statutes of Westminster the second In the fouretéenth yeare of king Edward a citizen of London named Thomas Piwilesdon who in time of the barons warres had béene a great dooer to stir the people against king Henrie was now accused that he with other should go about to make new disturbance within the citie whereof inquirie being made and had before sir Rafe Standish then custos or gardian of the citie the said Piwilesdon and other to the number of fiftie were banished the citie for euer ¶ Also whereas of old time before this season the merchant strangers were vsed to be lodged within the dwelling houses of the citizens of London and sold all their merchandize by procuration of their hosts for the which their said hosts had a certeine allowance after the rate of euerie pound now it was ordeined that the said merchant strangers might take houses to hire for to inhabit therein for stowage of their wares no citizen to intermeddle with them or their wares by reason whereof they vsed manie deceits both in vttering counterfeit wares and also vniust weights Moreouer much of those wares which they should haue waied at the K. beame they weighed at home within their houses to the hinderance of the kings custome Where vpon search being made vpon a sudden and their weights found and prooued false twentie of the said strangers were arrested and sent to the towre and their weights burnt destroied and broken to péeces in Westcheape on thursdaie before the feast of Simon and Iude. Finallie the said merchants were deliuered being put to a fine of a thousand pounds after sore and hard imprisonment The Iewes in one night were generallie apprehended year 1286 and put in prison through all the parts of England and so kept in durance till they had fined at the kings pleasure ¶ It is reported that the commons of England granted to the king the fift part of their mooueables to haue the Iewes banished out of the land but the Iewes to put the Englishmen froÌ„ their purpose gaue to the king great summes of monie whereby they tarried yet a while longer King Edward went ouer into France vpon the fiue and twentith of Maie passing through Picardie vnto Amiens and there the French king to doo him honor was readie to receiue him Here king Edward did homage vnto the French king for the lands which he ought to hold of him in France And
the late gotten victorie year 1315 passed ouer into Ireland vnder the conduct of Edward Bruce the brother of Robert Bruce sore afflicting that countrie by spoile sword and fire the villages were robbed the townes and castels which they wan were sacked and after fired so vtterlie to deface them The Irishmen being put in great feare herewith assembled togither and ioined themselues with such Englishmen as laie there in garrisons ouer the which the lord Iohn Bermingham as deputie had the chéefe charge Thus being ioined togither they made earnest resistance against the attempts of their enimies in defense of the countrie And so by that means they warred and fought one against an other with great slaughter on both sides the Scotishmen on their part dooing their best to obteine the gouernement of the countrie hauing alreadie obteined no small portion thereof and created Edward Bruce king there and the Irishmen on the other part inforcing their whole indeuor to beat the enimie backe and to rid him out of the countrie But at length the inuincible obstinatnesse of the Irishmen preuailed through aid of the Englishmen as after shall appeare Neuerthelesse in the meâ—ne while as some English chronicles make mention there died of the Scots in these warres to the number of thirtie thousand and aboue fiftéene thousand Irishmen The Scots not onelie thus inuaded Ireland but also continued their rage against England For the same yeare about the feast of Peter and Paule they entered into the bishoprike of Durham spoiled the countrie vnto Hartilpoole which towne they robbed of all the goods which they there found the inhabitants being fled with their ships to the sea About Mandelentide following the king of Scots entred England with a mightie armie on the west borders and comming to Carleill besieged the citie remaining before it ten daies but they within so valiantlie defended themselues and their wals that the Scots lost more than they wan sauing that during their abode at this siege they robbed and wasted the countries of Allerdale Copeland and Westmerland The 11 day after their comming thither when they had assaied all their force and policie to win the citie and saw themselues nothing to preuaile but to lose their men and trauell they raised their field and returned into Scotland with dishonor leauing behind them all their engines of warre so that besides the dishonour which he susteined by the repulse in lieu of lucre he suffered losse and therefore this lesson by exemplification would be learned and practised that Res leâ—e quisque gereus lucra 〈◊〉 inde ferens Now as they went their waie certeine Englishmen following them tooke Iohn de Murrey who in the battell of Striueling had for his part 13 English knights prisoners beside esquiers and others They tooke also with him one Robert Berdolfe a great enemie of the Englishmen This yeare there fell exceeding great raine and abundance of wet in the moneths of Iulie and August that the husbandmen of the countrie could not get in that small crop which then stood on the ground and that which they inned yéelded not the hoped quantitie as when it came to the threshing well appeared ¶ On the day of the Assumption of our ladie Iohn the kings second sonne was borne at Eltham ¶ A knight of Lancashire called sir Adam Banister raised war in this yeare of king Edwards reigne against his lord the earle of Lancaster but about the feast of saint Martine he was taken and beheaded ¶ Also this yeare Edward de Bruce brother to the king of Scots entred into the north parts of Ulnester with a great armie vpon the day of S. Augustine in Maie and afterwards burnt Dundaâ—ke and a great part of Argile The Irishmen also burnt the church of Athird Moreouer in the battell of Comeran in Ulnester Richard earle of Ulnester fled and sir Richard Bourgh sir Iohn Mandeuile and sir Alane fitz Waren were taken prisoners The castell of Norbrough was also taken at Kentâ—s in Mâ—sh the lord Roger Mortimer was discomfited by the foresaid Edward Bruce and manie of the said sir Rogers men were slaine and taken Also in the ninth yeare of king Edwards reigne before Christmasse a blasing starre or comet appeared in the north part of the element by the space of a moneth togither and after followed dearth and death as after shall appeare Guie earle of Warwike a man of great counsell and skilfull prouidence departed this life this yeare and was buried at the abbeie of Bordisley ¶ About Midsummer the Scots eftsoones line 10 entred into England doing much mischéefe with fire and sword year 1316 in like sort as they had vsed to doo before time not sparing as some write so much as those houses wherin women laie in childbed At their comming to Richmond the gentlemen of the countrie that were got into the castell to defend it compounded with the enimies for a great summe of monie to spare the towne and countrie about it without dooing further damage thereto at that iournie The Scots hauing receiued the monie turned their march toward the west parts and iournieng line 20 thréescore miles came to Fourneis burning all the countrie thereabouts and tooke awaie with them all the goods and prisoners both men and women which they might laie hands on and so returned reioising most of such iron as they had got in that iournie for they had great want in Scotland of that kind of metall in those daies The dearth by reason of the vnseasonable weather in the summer and haruest last past still increased for that which with much adoo was inned line 30 after when it came to the proofe yéelded nothing to the value of that which in sheafe it séemed to conteine so that wheat and other graine which was at a sore price before now was inhanced to a farre higher rate the scarsitie thereof being so great that a quarter of wheat was sold for fortie shillings which was a great price if we shall consider the allaie of monie then currant ¶ Also by reason of the murren that fell among cattell béefes and muttons were vnresonablie priced line 40 About this season the lord Henrie Beaumont a man of high valiancie and noble courage hauing gotten togither a power of men entred into Scotland and after he had taken great booties and spoiles in the countrie he being intrapped by sir Iames Dowglas lost the most part of his men togither with the prey which they had gotten The displeasure of these mishaps was increased with the naughtie and bold presumption of sir Gilbert Middleton knight year 1317 who being offended that maister Lewes Beaumount was preferred vnto the bishops sée of line 50 Durham and Henrie Stamford put from it that was first elected and after displaced by the kings suit made vnto the pope tooke the said Lewes Beaumont and his brother Henrie on
earles Marshall and Kent the matter was taken vp and earle Henrie line 20 had the kings peace granted him for the summe of eleuen thousand pounds which he should haue paid but he neuer paid that fine though it was so assessed at the time of the agreement There were diuerse lords and great men that were confederat with him the lord Thomas Wake the lord Henrie Beaumont the lord Foulke Fitz Warrein sir Thomas Rosselin sir William Trussell and other to the number of an hundred knights ¶ In the third yeare of his reigne about the Ascension line 30 tide king Edward went ouer into France and comming to the French king Philip de Ualois as then being at Amiens did there his homage vnto him for the duchie of Guien as in the French historie appeareth ¶ The same yeare Simon the archbishop of Canturburie held a synod at London wherein all those were excommunicated that were guiltie to the death of Walter Stapleton bishop of Excester that had béene put to death by the Londoners as in the last kings time ye haue heard ¶ This bishop of Excester line 40 founded Excester colledge in Oxford Harts hall But now to the purpose The king about the beginning or as other saie about the middle of Lent held a parlement at Winchester during the which Edmund of Woodstoke earle of Kent the kings vncle was arrested the morrow after saint Gregories day and being arreigned vpon certeine confessions and letters found about him he was found giltie of treason There were diuerse in trouble about the same matter for the earle line 50 vpon his open confession before sundrie lords of the realme declared that not onelie by commandement from the pope but also by the setting on of diuerse nobles of this land whome he named he was persuaded to indeuour himselfe by all waies and meanes possible how to deliuer his brother king Edward the second out of prison and to restore him to the crowne whome one Thomas Dunhed a frier of the order of preachers in London affirmed for certeine to be aliue hauing as he himselfe said called vp a spirit to line 60 vnderstand the truth thereof and so what by counsell of the said frier and of three other friers of the same order he had purposed to worke some meane how to deliuer him and to restore him againe to the kingdome Among the letters that were found about him disclosing a great part of his practise some there were which he had written and directed vnto his brother the said king Edward as by some writers it should appeare year 1330 The bishop of London and certeine other great personages whome he had accused were permitted to go at libertie vnder suerties taken for their good demeanour and foorth comming But Robert de Touton and the frier that had raised the spirit for to know whether the kings father were liuing or not were committed to prison wherein the fâ—ier remained till he died The earle himselfe was had out of the castell gate at Winchester and there lost his head the 19 day of March chiefelie as was thought thorough the malice of the quéene mother and of the earle of March whose pride and high presumption the said earle of Kent might not well abide His death was the lesse lamented bicause of the presumptuous gouernement of his seruants and retinue which he kept about him for that they riding abroad would take vp things at their pleasure not paieng nor agréeing with the partie to whome such things belonged in so much that by their meanes who ought to haue doone their vttermost for the inlargement of his honour he grew in greater obloquie and reproch a fowle fault in seruants so to abuse their lords names to their priuat profit to whome they cannot be too trustie But such are to be warned that by the same wherin they offend they shall be punished euen with seruants faithlesse to plague their vntrustinesse for Qui violare fidem solet violetur eidem The yoong queene Philip was brought to bed at Woodstoke the 15 day of Iune of hir first sonne the which at the fontstone was named Edward and in processe of time came to great proofe of famous chiualrie as in this booke shall more plainelie appeare He was commonlie named when he came to ripe yeares prince Edward also surnamed the Blacke prince The sixtéenth day of Iulie chanced a great eclipse of the sunne and for the space of two moneths before and three moneths after there fell exceeding great raine so that through the great intemperancie of weather corne could not ripen by reason whereof in manie places they began not haruest till Michaelmas in some places they inned not their wheat till Alhallontide nor their pease till saint Andrews tide On Christmasse euen about the breake of day a maruellous sore and terrible wind came foorth of the west which ouerthrew houses and buildings ouerturned trees by the roots and did much hurt in diuerse places ¶ This yeare shortlie after Easter the king with the bishop of Winchester and the lord William Montacute hauing not past fifteene horsses in their companie passed the sea apparelled in clokes like to merchants he left his brother the earle of Cornewall his deputie gardian of the realme till his returne Moreouer he caused it to be proclaimed in London that he went ouer on pilgrimage and for none other purpose He returned before the later end of Aprill and then was there holden a turnie at Dertfort The mondaie after saint Matthews day in September the king held a solemne iusts in Cheapeside betwixt the great crosse and Soperlane he with 12 as chalengers answering all defendants that came This solemne iusts and turnie continued three daies The quéene with manie ladies being present at the same fell beside a stage but yet as good hap would they had no hurt by that fall to the reioising of manie that saw them in such danger and yet so luckilie to escape without harme ¶ Also in a parlement holden at Notingham about saint Lukes tide sir Roger Mortimer the earle of March was apprehended the seuenteenth day of October within the castell of Notingham where the king with the two queenes his mother and his wife and diuerse other were as then lodged And though the keies of the castell were dailie and nightlie in the custodie of the said earle of March and that his power was such as it was doubted how he might be arrested for he had as some writers affirme at that present in retinue nine score knights beside esquiers gentlemen and yeomen yet at length by the kings helpe the lord William Montacute the lord Humfrie de Bohun and his brother sir William the lord Rafe Stafford the lord Robert Ufford the lord William Clinton the lord Iohn Neuill of Hornbie and diuerse other which had accused the said earle of March for the murther of king Edward the
this truce it seemeth that this was some second truce and not the first truce which included onelie the marches of Calis and those parts vp to the water of Some But howsoeuer it was the duke of Britaine being in a great forwardnesse to haue recouered his duchie out of the Frenchmens hands and to haue reduced his rebellious subiects vnder due obeisance againe was now by this truce concluded out of time greatlie disappointed and so brake vp his siege from before Campellie and sent home the English armie He went himselfe to Aulroie where his wife was and taking order for the fortifieng and keeping of those places which were in his possession he came backe againe into England and brought his wife with him A litle before the concluding of this truce the Englishmen and others within the fortresse of saint Sauiour le vicount in the I le or rather Close as they call it of Constantine which had beene long besieged made a composition that if they were not rescued by a certeine daie then should they yéeld vp the place to the Frenchmen Now bicause this truce line 10 was agréed before the daie appointed for the rescue of that place with condition that either part should inioy and hold that which at that present they had in possession during the terme of the truce the Englishmen thought that saint Sauiour le vicount should be saued by reason of that treatie but the Frenchmen to the contrarie auouched that the first couenant ought to passe the last ordinance So that when the daie approched the French king sent thither six thousand speares knights and esquiers beside other people line 20 and bicause none appeared to giue them battell they had the towne deliuered to them ¶ In this 49 yeare of K. Edwards reigne a great death chanced in this land and in diuerse other countries so that innumerable numbers of people died and perished of that contagious sickenesse Amongst other the lord Edward Spenser died the same yeare a man of great renowme and valiantnesse Also the earle of Penbroke hauing compounded for his ransome as he was vpon his returne from Spaine line 30 comming homewards through France he fell sicke and being brought in an horsselitter to Arras he died there on the 16 daie of Aprill leauing a sonne behind him not past two yeares of age begot of the countesse his wife called Anne daughter vnto the lord Walter de Mannie Polydor mistaking the matter saith that Marie the countesse of Penbroke who builded Penbroke hall in Cambridge was wife to this Iohn Hastings earle of Penbroke whereas in deed she was wife to his ancestor Aimer line 40 de Ualence earle of Penbroke as Iohn Stow in his summarie hath trulie noted She was daughter to Guy earle of saint Pole a worthie ladie and a vertuous tendering so much the wealthfull state of this land a great part wherof consisteth in the good bringing vp of youth and training them to the knowledge of learning that for maintenance of students she began the forsaid commendable foundation about the yeare of Christ 1343 vpon a plot of ground that was hir owne hauing purchased licence thereto of line 50 the king to whom she was of kin During that greeuous mortalitie and cruell pestilence before remembred the pope at the instant request of the English cardinals granted vnto all those that died in England being shriuen and repentant of their sinnes cleane remission of the same by two buls inclosed vnder lead The duke of Lancaster about the feast of All saints met with the French commissioners againe at Bruges There was with him the duke of Britaine the earle of Salisburie line 60 and the bishop of London For the French king there appeered the duke of Burgognie the earle of Salebruch and the bishop of Amiens And at saint Omers laie the duke of Aniou the archbishop of Rauenna and the bishop of Carpentras tooke great paine to go to and fro betwéene the parties but they were so far at ods in their demands and as it were of set purpose on the French behalfe that no good could be doone betwixt them The French king required to haue Calis raced and to haue againe fourtéene hundred thousand franks which were paid for the ransome of king Iohn The king of England demanded to haue all the lands restored to him in Gascoigne and Guien cléerelie exempt of all resorts So when nothing could be concluded touching a finall peace the truce was renewed to indure till the feast of S. Iohn Baptist next insuing which should be in the yeare 1376. In this fiftith yeare king Edward assembled his high court of parlement at Westminster in the which was demanded a subsidie of the commons for the defense of the kings dominions against his enimies Wherevnto answer was made by the common house that they might no longer beare such charges considering the manifold burthens by them susteined in time past And further they said it was well knowne the king was rich inough to withstand his enimies if his monie and treasure were well imploied but the land had béene of long time euill guided by euill officers so that the same could not be stored with chaffer merchandize or other riches The commons also declared whom they tooke and iudged to be chéefe causer of this disorder as the duke of Lancaster the L. Latimer lord chamberleine to the king also dame Alice Perers whom the king had long time kept to his concubine and also one named sir Richard Sturrie by whose sinister meanes and euill counsell the king was misled and the land euill gouerned Wherefore the commons by the mouth of their speaker sir Peers de la Mere required that those persons might be remooued from the king and other more discreet set in their roomes about his person and so put in authoritie that they might sée to his honour and weale of the realme more than the other had doone before them This request of the commons by support of the prince was allowed and granted so that the said persons and other of their affinitie were commanded to depart the court and other such as were thought méet by the prince and the sage péeres of the realme were placed in their stéeds ¶ Shortlie after the commons granted to the king his whole request so that he had of euerie person man and woman being aboue the age of fourtéene yeares foure pence poore people that liued of almesse onelie excepted ¶ Likewise the cleargie granted that of euerie beneficed man the king should haue twelue pence and of euerie priest not beneficed foure pence the foure orders of friers onelie excepted But yer this monie could be leuied the king was constreined to borrow certeine great summes in sundrie places and therefore he sent to the citie of London for foure thousand pounds And bicause Adam Staple the maior was not diligent in furthering that lone he was by the kings
well affected towards some good conclusion by treatie to be had of a full and perfect peace About the same time by the king with the aduise of his councell proclamation was made and published at London that all beneficed men abiding in the court of Rome being Englishmen borne should returne home into England before the feast of S. Nicholas vnder paine to forfeit all their benefices and such as were not beneficed vnder a paine likewise limited The Englishmen hearing such a thunder clap a farre off fearing the blow left the popes court and returned into their natiue soile The pope troubled with such a rumbling noise sent in all hast as abbat as his nuncio vnto the king of England as well to vnderstand the causes of this proclamation as of statutes deuised and made latelie in parlement against those that prouided themselues of benefices in the court of Rome by the popes buls which séemed not a little preiudiciall to the church of Rome in consideration whereof the said nuncio required that the same statutes might be repealed and abolished so farre as they tended to the derogation of the church liberties but if the same statutes were not abolished the pope might not said his nuncio with a safe conâ—â—ience otherwise doo than procéed against them that made those statutes in such order as the canons did appoint Moreouer the said nuncio declared to the king certeine dangerous practises betwixt the antipape and the French king as to make the duke of Touraine the French kings brother king of Tuscane and Lombardie and to establish the duke of Aniou in the kingdome of Sicile Moreouer he gaue the king to vnderstand that if the French king might compasse by the antipapes meanes to be chosen emperour he would séeke to vsurpe vpon ech mans right and therefore it stood the line 10 king of England chieflie in hand to prouide against such practises in time And as for the treatie of peace which the Frenchmen séemed so much to fauour it was to none other end but that vpon agreement once had they might more conuenientlie compasse their purpose in the premisses Furthermore the nuncio earnestlie besought the king of aid in the popes behalfe against the French king if as he threatned to doo he should inuade him in Italie with open force The king séemed to giue fauourable eare vnto line 20 the nuncio and after aduise taken appointed to staie till after Michaelmasse at what time a parlement was appointed to be assembled wherein such things as he had proponed should be weied and considered and some conclusion taken therein About this time or in the yeare 1391 according to Henrie Knightons account there was a prophane statute made against the church churchmen namelie that no ecclesiasticall person or persons should possesse manors glebeland houses possessions lands line 30 reuenues or rents whatsoeuer at the hands of the feoffer without the kings licence the chiefe lords And this statute extended it selfe as well to parish-churches chappels chanteries as abbeies priories other monasteries whatsoeuer likewise to citizens of cities to farmers burgesses hauing such rents or possessions for the common profit For men in those daies that would bestow land or liuelod vpon church fraternitie or conuent and were notable for cost and charges to procure a mortmane vnder the line 40 kings licence and chiefe lords were woont to feoffe some speciall men in whom they had confidence and trust vnder whose name and title churchmen or anie other fraternitie or conuent might inioy the profit of the gift and might haue the commoditie thereof in possession And it was prouided by that statute that all and euerie as well persons ecclesiasticall as parishioners both citizens burgesses and farmers or anie other whatsoeuer hauing such rents possessions manors or anie reuenues whatsoeuer in the hands line 50 of such feoffers without the licence of the king and chiefe lords that either they should obteine and get a licence of the king and the chiefe lords to make it a mortmaine or else set such things to sale raise profit of them on this side or before the feast of Michaelmasse next insuing or the said feast being past and expired that then the king and the chiefe lords in things not ordered and disposed accordinglie may enter and seize vpon the same and them haue and hold at his and their pleasure line 60 About the same time the duke of Glocester went into Prutzen land to the great griefe of the people that made account of his departure as if the sunne had beene taken from the earth doubting some mishap to follow to the common wealth by his absence whose presence they thought sufficient to stay all detriments that might chance for in him the hope of the commons onelie rested In his returne home he was sore tormented with rough weather and tempestuous seas At length he arriued in Northumberland and came to the castell of Tinmouth as to a sanctuarie knowen to him of old where after he had refreshed him certeine daies he tooke his iournie homewards to Plaschie in Essex bringing no small ioy for his safe returne to all the kingdome ¶ On the ninth of Iulie the sunne séemed darkened with certeine grosse and euill fauored clouds comming betwixt it and the earth so as it appeared ruddie but gaue no light from noone till the setting thereof And afterwards conâ—â—nualliâ— for the space of six weeks about the middest of the daie clouds customablie rose and sometimes they continued both daie and night not vanishing awaie at all ¶ At the same time such a mortalitie and death of people increased in Northfolke and in manie other countries of England that it seemed not vnlike the season of the great pestilence In the citie of Yorke there died eleuen thousand within a short space ¶ Henrie Persie earle of Northumberland lieutenant of Calis was called home from that charge and created warden of the marches against Scotland and Robert Mowbraie was sent to Calis to be the kings lieutenant there On friday next after All soules day the parlement began at London in which the knights would in no wise agrée that the statute made against spirituall men for the prouiding themselues of benefices in the court of Rome should be repealed but yet they agréed thus much that it should be tollerated so as with the kings licence such spirituall men might purchase to themselues such benefices till the next parlement ¶ In this parlement aforsaid there was granted vnto our lord the king one tenth of the clergie and one fiftéenth of the people towards the expenses of Iohn duke of Lancaster who in Lent next following went ouer into France to the citie of Amiens for a finall peace betweene the kingdoms of England and France where the king of France met him with a shew of great pompe and honor sending before him first of all to welcome him thither the citizens of
Montacute earle of Salisburie Thomas lord Spenser and the lord William Scroope lord chamberleine In the meane time the king fearing what might be attempted against him by those that fauoured these noblemen that were in durance sent for a power of Cheshire men that might day and night keepe watch and ward about his person They were about two thousand archers paid wéekelie as by the annales of Britaine it appeareth The king had little trust in any of the nobilitie except in his brother the earle of Huntington and the earle of Rutland sonne to the duke of Yorke and in the earle of Salisburie in these onelie he reposed a confidence and not in any other except in certeine knights and gentlemen of his priuie chamber In the meane time whiles things were thus in broile before the beginning of the parlement diuers other beside them of whom we haue spoken were apprehended and put in sundrie prisons The parlement was summoned to begin at Westminster the 17 of September and writs therevpon directed to euerie of the lords to appeare and to bring with them a sufficient number of armed men and archers in their best arraiâ— for it was not knowen how the dukes of Lancaster and Yorke would take the death of their brother nor how other péeres of the realme would take the apprehension and imprisonment of their kinsemen the earles of Arundell and Warwike and of the other prisoners Suerlie the two dukes when they heard that their brother was so suddenlie made awaie they wist not what to saie to the matter and began both to be sorowfull for his death and doubtfull of their owne states for sith they saw how the king abused by the counsell of euill men absteined not from such an heinous act they thought he line 10 would afterwards attempt greater misorders from time to time Therefore they assembled in all hast great numbers of their seruants fréends and tenants and comming to London were receiued into the citie For the Londoners were right sorie for the death of the duke of Glocester who had euer sought their fauour in somuch that now they would haue béene contented to haue ioined with the dukes in seeking reuenge of so noble a mans death procured and brought to passe without law or reason as the common line 20 brute then walked although peraduenture he was not as yet made awaie Here the dukes and other fell in counsell and manie things were proponed Some would that they shuld by force reuenge the duke of Glocesters death other thought it méet that the earles Marshall and Huntington and certeine others as chéefe authours of all the mischeefe should be pursued and punished for their demerites hauing trained vp the king in vice and euill customes euen from his youth But the line 30 dukes after their displeasure was somewhat asswaged determined to couer the stings of their griefes for a time and if the king would amend his maners to forget also the iniuries past In the meane time the king laie at Eltham and had got about him a great power namelie of those archers which he had sent for out of Cheshire in whome he put a singular trust more than in any other There went messengers betwixt him and the dukes which being men of honour did their indeuour line 40 to appease both parties The king discharged himselfe of blame for the duke of Glocesters death considering that he had gone about to breake the truce which he had taken with France and also stirred the people of the realme to rebellion and further had sought the destruction and losse of his life that was his souereigne lord and lawfull king Contrarilie the dukes affirmed that their brother was wrongfullie put to death hauing doone nothing worthie of death At length by the intercession and meanes of those noble line 50 men that went to and fro betwixt them they were accorded the king promised from thencefoorth to doo noâ—hing but by the assent of the dukes but he kept small promise in this behalfe as after well appeared When the time came that the parlement should be holden at Westminster according to the tenour of the summons the lords repaired thither furnished with great retinues both of armed men and archers as the earle of Derbie the earle Marshall the earle of Rutland the lord Spenser the earle of Northumberland line 60 with his sonne the lord Henrie Persie and the lord Thomas Persie the said earles brother also the lord Scroope treasuror of England diuerse other All the which earles and lords brought with them a great strong power euerie of them in their best araie as it were to strengthen the king against his enimies The dukes of Lancaster and Yorke were likewise there giuing their attendance on the king with like furniture of men of armes archers There was not halfe lodging sufficient within the citie suburbes of London for such coÌ„panies of men as the lords brought with them to this parlement called the great parlement in somuâ—h that they were constreined to lie in villages abroad ten or twelue miles on ech side the citie In the beginning of this parlement the king greatlie complained of the misdemeanour of the péeres and lords of his realme as well for the things doone against his will and pleasure whiles he was yoong as for the streit dealing which they had shewed towards the quéene who was thrée houres at one time on hir knées before the earle of Arundell for one of hir esquiers named Iohn Caluerlie who neuerthelesse had his head smit froÌ„ his shoulders all the answer that she could get was this Madame praie for your selfe and your husband for that is best and let this sute alone Those that set foorth the kings greeuances as prolocutors in this parlement were these Iohn Bushie William Bagot and Thomas Gréene The king had caused a large house of timber to be made within the palace at Westminster which he was called an hall couered aboue head with tiles and was open at the ends that all men might see through it This house was of so great a compasse that scarse it might stand within the roome of the palace In this house was made an high throne for the king and a large place for all estates besides to sit in There were places also made for the appellants to stand on the one side and the defendants on the other and a like roome was made behind for the knights and burgesses of the parlement There was a place deuised for the speaker named sir Iohn Bushie a knight of Lincolneshire accompted to be an excéeding cruell man ambitious and couetous beyond measure Immediatlie after ech man being placed in his roome the cause of assembling that parlement was shewed as that the king had called it for reformation of diuerse transgressions and oppressions committed against the peace of his land by the duke of Glocester the earles
like had neuer béene séene nor heard of Some write that they of Calis standing in doubt of such purueiance great preparation deuised to annoie them procured a yoong man to kindle a fire whereby all that dreadfull prouision was consumed to ashes and so they within Calis deliuered of a great deale of care and feare which they had thereof ¶ But Tho. Walsingham maketh a full complet declaration both concerning the dukes deuise also of the Calesians deliuerance from the danger of the same which because it perfecteth the report of this present matter I haue thought good to set downe word for word as I find it in his Hypodigme About the ninth of Aprill saith he the towne of saint Audomare was burned with the abbeie wherein was hidden and laid vp the execrable prouision of the duke of Burgognie who had vowed either to destroie the towne of Calis or else to subdue it to the will and pleasure of the French There a great manie engines to this daie no where seene there an excéeding sort of vessels conteining poison in them were kept in store which he had aforehand prouided to cast out to the destruction of the said towne For he had gathered togither serpents scorpions todes and other kinds of venemous things which he had closed and shut vp in little barrels that when the flesh or substance of those noisome creatures was rotten and dissolued into filthie matter he might laie siege to Calis and cast the said barrels let out of engines into the towne which with the violence of the throw being dasht in péeces might choke them that were within poison the harnessed men touched therewith with their scattered venem infect all the stréets lanes passages of the towne In the meane time a certeine yoong man allured with couetousnesse of gold or lead with affection and loue towards the kings towne asked of the gouernours what reward he should deserue that would discharge and set frée the towne from so great a feare and would burne all the prouision which they suspected Herevpon they leuied a summe of that yellow metall namelie gold where with the yoongman contented went his waie and with fire readie made for the purpose did not onelie burne the said venemous matter and infected stuffe but also togither with the monasterie almost the whole towne Moreouer this yeare sir Robert Umfreuill viceadmerall of England annoied the countries on the sea coasts of Scotland for comming into the Forth with ten ships of warre and lieng there fourtéene daies togither he landed euerie daie on â—he oneside of the riuer or the other taking preles spoiles prisoners notwithstanding the duke of Albanie and the earle Dowglas were readie there with a great power to resist him he burnt the galliot of Scotland being a ship of great account with manie other vessels lieng the same time at the Blackenesh ouer against Lieth At his returne from thence he brought with him fourtéene good ships and manie other great prises of cloathes both woollen and linnen pitch tarre woad flower meale wheat and rie which being sold abroad the markets were well holpen thereby so that his surname of Robert Mendmarket séemed verie well to agrée with his qualities which name he got by this occasion About foure years before this he burnt the towne of Peples on the market daie causing his men to line 10 meat the cloathes which they got there with their bowes so to sell them awaie wherevpon the Scots named him Robert Mendmarket Shortlie after his returne from the sea now in this eleuenth yeare of king Henries reigne he made a road into Scotland by land hauing with him his nephue yoong Gilbert Umfreuill earle of Angus commonlie called earle of Kime being then but fourtéene yeares of age and this was the first time that the said earle spread his banner They burnt at that time Iedwoorth and the line 20 most part of Tiuidale This yeare there died of the bloudie flix in the citie of Burdeaux fourtéene thousand persons and so sore raged that disease in Gascoigne and Guien that there wanted people to dresse their vines and presse their grapes Iohn Prendergest knight William Long scowred the seas so as no pirat durst appeare but that merchants passengers might passe to fro in safetie But yet through disdaine of some that enuied line 30 their good successe the same Prendergest and Long were accused of robberies which they should practise in spoling such ships as they met with of diuerse things against the owners wils Prendergest was driuen to take sanctuarie at Westminster and could not be suffered to lodge in anie mans house for feare of the kings displeasure commanding that none should receiue him and so was constreined to set vp a tent within the porch of saint Peters church there and to haue his seruants to watch nightlie about line 40 him for doubt to be murthered of his aduersaries but his associat William Long laie still at the sea till the lord admerall hauing prepared certeine vessels went to the sea himselfe in person to fetch him but yet he could not catch him vntill he had promised him pardon and vndertaken vpon his fidelitie that he should haue no harme but notwithstanding all promises vpon his comming in he was shut vp fast in the Tower and so for a time remained in durance The archbishop of Canturburie minding in line 50 this season to visit the vniuersitie of Oxenford could not be suffered in consideration of pruileges which they pretended to haue The realme of France in this meane while was disquieted year 1412 with the two factions of Burgognie and Orleance in most miserable wise as in the French histories it maie further appeare Neither could the king being a lunatike person and féeble of braine take any full order for reforming of such mischéefs so that the whole state of the kingdome was maruellouslie line 60 brought in decaie neither tooke those troubles end by the death of the duke of Orleance murthered at length through the practise of the duke of Burgognie but rather more perilouslie increased For the yoong duke of Orleance Charles sonne to duke Lewes thus murthered alied himselfe with the dukes of Berrie and Burbon and with the earles of Alanson Arminacke whereby he was so stronglie banded against the duke of Burgognie whom he defied as his mortall fo and enimie that the duke of Burgognie fearing the sequele of the matter thought good because there was a motion of mariage betwixt the prince of Wales his daughter to require aid of king Henrie who foreséeing that this ciuill discord in France as it after hapned might turne his realme to honor and profit sent to the duke of Burgognie Thomas earle of Arundell Gilbert Umfreuill earle of Angus commonlie called the earle of Kime sir Robert Umfreuill vncle to the same Gilbert sir Iohn Didcastell lord Cobham
word of surrendring the towne line 20 or of comming to anie composition or agréement with the two kings except they made him being their capteine priuie thereto before they attempted anie such thing ¶ In the meane season the French queene the queene of England and the duches of Burgognie lieng at Corbeill came diuerse times to visit their husbands and to sée their fréends whome the king of England highlie feasted and louinglie interteined that euerie creature reported great honour of him This towne of Melun séemed verie line 30 strong both by reason of the riuer of Seine which compassed part thereof and also by strong walles turrets ditches and bulworks made about it The king therefore to take awaie all the issues and entries from them within made a bridge ouer the riuer able to beare horsses and carriage and againe appointed diuerse botes furnished with men of warre to kéepe the streame so that they within should haue no waie to come abroad either by water or land yet on a daie the Frenchmen sailed foorth line 40 and assailed the English lodgings where the earle of Warwike was incamped on the east side of the towne not farre from the duke of Burgognie but by the valiant prowesse and manlie courage of the Englishmen the enimies were easilie beaten backe and constreined to retire into the towne againe with their losse Héere is to be remembred that during this siege before Melun there came to the king the duke of Bauiere the kings brother in law but the kings sister that had beene married to him was line 50 not then liuing and brought with him seauen hundred well appointed horssemen which were reteined to serue the king and right worthilie they bare themselues and therefore most liberallie recompensed at the kings hand for the time they continued in his seruice The king inforced this siege by all waies and meanes possible to bring the towne into subiection as well by mines as otherwise but they within the line 60 towne so valiantlie behaued themselues as well by countermines whereby at length they entered into the kings mines as by other waies of resistance that by force of assaults it was not thought anie easie matter to win the same It fortuned on a daie that whilest there rose a contention betwixt two lords of the kings host who should haue the honor to go first into the mine to incounter with the Frenchmen that now had brought their mine through into the English mines and made barriers betwixt that they might safelie come and fight with the Englishmen the king to auoid the strife entered the mine himselfe first of all other and by chance came to fight hand to hand with the lord Barbason who was likewise entered the mine before all other of them within the towne After they had fought a good season togither at length they agreed to discouer either to other their names so as the lord Barbason first declaring what he was the king likewise told him that he was the king of England Wherevpon Barbason perceiuing with whome he had fought caused the barriers foorthwith to be closed and withdrew into the citie and the king returned backe to his campe At length vittels within the towne began to faile and the pestilence began to wax hot so that the lord Barbason began to treat and in conclusion about the middest of Nouember as Fabian saith the towne was yeelded vpon certeine conditions where of one was that all that were consenting to the death of the duke of Burgognie should be deliuered to the king of England of whome the lord Barbason was suspected to be one The king sent them vnder the conduct of his brother the duke of Clarence to the citie of Paris whereof the French king made him capteine and so at his comming thither he tooke possession of the Bastill of S. Anthonie the Loure the house of Néelle and the place of Bois de Uincennes Monsieur de Barbason was accused by the duke of Burgognie and his sisters as guiltie to their fathers death but he in open court defended himselfe as not guiltie of that crime granting indeed and confessing that he was one of the familiar seruants to the Dolphin but that he was priuie or consenting to the death of the duke of Burgognie he vtterlie denied Wherevpon he was not condemned neither yet acquited by reason of such presumptions and coniectures as were alledged and brought against him so that he remained in prison at Paris and else-where the space of nine yeares till at length being brought vnto castell Galliard it chanced that the same castell was woone by those of the Dolphins part and he being as then prisoner there escaped out of danger and so by that means was set at libertie as after shall appeare Some write that he had béene put to death if he had not appealed from king Henries sentence vnto the iudgement of the officers at armes alledging that by the lawe of armes no man hauing his brother in armes within his danger afterwards ought to put him to death for any cause or quarell And that he was the kings brother in armes he prooued it for that he had fought with him hand to hand within the mines as before yee haue heard which combat was thought of equall force by the heralds as if he had fought with the king bodie to bodie within solemne lists The credit of this matter we leaue to the consideration of the readers The earle of Huntington was made capteine of Melum In defense of this towne and castell the French had gotten vnto them manie Scots At the siege héere the king kept with him yoong Iames of Scotland who sent to those Scots that they should come out and yéeld them vnto him and not to stand in armes against their liege lord and king but they gaue word backe againe they could not take him for king that was in the power of another and so kept them in hold and in their armor still King Henrie vpon winning of these forts for their rebellion against their prince which they would haue to be counted constancie and for their contemptuous answer vnto him twentie of the proudest in example of the rest caused he there to be hanged at once From thence the king departed with his armie vnto Corbeill where the French king and the two queenes then soiourned and after both the kings accompanied with the dukes of Bedford Burgognie Glocester and Excester and the earls of Warwike and Salisburie with a great number of noble men and knights set foorth towards Paris whome the citizens in good order met without the gates and the cleargie also with solemne procession All the streets were hanged with rich clothes the two kings rode togither the king of England giuing the vpper hand to his father in lawe through the great citie of Paris to our ladie church where after they had said their deuotions they departed vnto their
persons meaning to reuolt to the Dolphins side aduertised him by letters of their whole minds which letters were conueied vnto him by certeine friers The Dolphin glad of those newes appointed the lords de la Breth and Faiet marshals of France line 40 accompanied with the lords of Mount Iehan of Buâ—ll Doruall Torsie Beaumanor the Hire and his brother Guilliam with fiue hundred other valiant capteins and souldiers to the accomplishing of this enterprise who comming thither at the daie assigned in the night season approched towards the walles making a little fire on an hill in sight of the towne to signifie their comming which perceiued by the citizens that néere to the great church were watching for the same a burning cresset was shewed line 50 out of the steeple which suddenlie was put out and quenched What néedeth manie words The capteins on horssebacke came to the gate the traitors within slue the porters and watchmen and let in their fréends whereby the footmen entered first and the men of armes waited at the barriers to the intent that if néed required they might fight it out in open field Hereby manie Englishmen were slaine a great crie and garboile raised through the towne as in such surprises is woont The cause of this line 60 mischéefe was not knowen to any but onelie to the conspirators for the remnant of the citizens being no partakers imagined that the Englishmen had made hauocke in the towne and put all to the sword The Englishmen on the other side iudged that the citizens had begun some new rebellion against them or else had striuen amongst themselues The earle of Suffolke which was gouernour of the towne hauing perfect knowledge by such as scaped from the wals how the matter went withdrew without any tarriance into the castell which standeth at the gate of saint Uincent whereof was constable Thomas Gower esquier whither also fled manie Englishmen so as for vrging of the enimie prease of the number and lacke of vittels they could not haue indured long wherfore they priuilie sent a messenger to the lord Talbot which then laie at Alanson certifieng him in how hard a case they were The lord Talbot hearing these newes like a carefull capteine in all hast assembled togither about seuen hundred men in the euening departed from Alanson so as in the morning he came to a castell called Guierch two miles from Mans and there staied a while till he had sent out Matthew Gough as an espiall to vnderstand how the Frenchmen demeaned themselues Matthew Gough so well sped his businesse that priuilie in the night he came into the castell where he learned that the Frenchmen verie negligentlie vsed themselues without taking heed to their watch as though they had béene out of all danger which well vnderstood he returned againe and within a mile of the citie met the lord Talbot and the lord Scales and opened vnto them all things according to his credence The lords then to make hast in the matter bicause the daie approched with all spéed possible came to the posterne gate and alighting from their horsses about six of the clocke in the morning they issued out of the castell crieng saint George Talbot The Frenchmen being thus suddenlie taken were sore amazed in so much that some of them being not out of their beds got vp in their shirts and lept ouer the walles Other ran naked out of the gates to saue their liues leauing all their apparell horsses armour and riches behind them none was hurt but such as resisted ¶ Hard shift was made on all hands for safetie of life happie was he that could find a place of refuge where to lurke vnspide and vnhurt of the enimie who in the execution of their vengeance were so peremptorie that it was a matter of great difficultie or rather impossibilitie to escape their force To be short there were slaine and taken to the number of foure hundred gentlemen the priuat souldiers were frankelie let go After this inquisition was made of the authors of the treason and there were found condemned thirtie citizens twentie priests and fifteene friers who according to their demerits were all hanged The citie of Mans being thus recouered the lord Talbot returned to Alanson and shortlie after the earle of Warwike departed into England to be gouernour of the yoong king in steed of Thomas duke of Excester latelie departed to God and then was the lord Thomas Montacute earle of Salisburie sent into France year 1428 to supplie the roome of the said earle of Warwike who landed at Calis with fiue thousand men and so came to the duke of Bedford as then lieng in Paris where they fell in councell togither concerning the affaires of France and namelie the earle of Salisburie began maruellouslie to phantasie the gaining of the citie countrie of Orleance This earle was the man at that time by whose wit strength and policie the English name was much fearefull and terrible to the French nation which of himselfe might both appoint command and doo all things in manner at his pleasure in whose power as it appeared after his death a great part of the conquest consisted for suerlie he was a man both painefull diligent and readie to withstand all dangerous chances that were at hand prompt in counsell and of courage inuincible so that in no one man men put more trust nor any singular person wan the harts so much of all men Herevpon after this great enterprise had long béene debated in the priuie councell the earle of Salisburies deuise therein was of them all granted and allowed so that he being replenished with good hope of victorie and furnished with artillerie munition apperteining to so great an enterprise accompanied with the earle of Suffolke and the lord Talbot and with a valiant armie to the number of ten thousand men departed from Paris and passed through the countrie of Beausse There he tooke by assault the towne of Genuille and within fiue daies after had the castell deliuered vnto him by them that were fled into it for their safegard 〈◊〉 also tooke the towne of Baugencie suffering 〈◊〉 man which would become subiect to the king of England to inioie their line 10 lands and goods The townes of Meun vpon Loire and Iargeaulx hearing of these dooings presented to them the keies of their townes vpon like agréement About Maie in this 1428 the towne of Naunts and territories there with a fearefull earthquake were shaken houses castels and strong buildings in such terrour as it was thought the end of the world had béene come After this in the moneth of September the earle came before the citie of Orleance and planted his line 20 siege on the one side of the riuer of Loire but before his comming the bastard of Orleance the bishop of the citie and a great number of Scots hearing of the earles intent made diuerse fortifications
about the towne and destroied the suburbes in which were twelue parish churches and foure orders of friers They cut also downe all the vines trees and bushes within fiue leagues of the citie so that the Englishmen should haue neither refuge nor succour After the siege had continued full thrée weekes the line 30 bastard of Orleance issued out of the gate of the bridge and fought with the Englishmen but they receiued him with so fierce and terrible strokes that he was with all his companie compelled to retire and flee backe into the citie But the Englishmen followed so fast in killing and taking of their enimies that they entered with them ¶ The bulworke of the bridge with a great tower standing at the end of the same was taken incontinentlie by the Englishmen who behaued themselues right valiantlie vnder the line 40 conduct of their couragious capteine as at this assault so in diuerse skirmishes against the French partlie to kéepe possession of that which Henrie the fift had by his magnanimitie puissance atchiued as also to inlarge the same But all helped not For who can hold that which will awaie In so much that some cities by fraudulent practises othersome by martiall prowesse were recouered by the French to the great discouragement of the English and the appalling of their spirits whose hope was now dashed line 50 partlie by their great losses and discomfitures as after you shall heare but chéeflie by the death of the late deceassed Henrie their victorious king as Chr. Okland verie truelie and agréeable to the storie noteth Dolphinus comitésque eius fera praelia tentant Fraude domi capiâ—nt alias virtute receptae Sunt vrbes aliae quâ—dam sublapsa refertur Anglûm spes retrò languescere pectora dicas Quippe erat Henricus quintus dux strenuus olim Mortuus hinc damni grauior causa atque doloris line 60 In this conflict manie Frenchmen were taken but more were slaine and the kéeping of the tower and bulworke was committed to William Glasdale esquier By the taking of this bridge the passage was stopped that neither men nor vittels could go or come by that waie After this the earle caused certeine bulworkes to be made round about the towne casting trenches betwéene the one and the other laieng ordinance in euerie place where he saw that any batterie might be deuised When they within saw that they were enuironed with fortresses and ordinance they laid gun against gun and fortified towers against bulworkes and within cast new rampiers and fortified themselues as stronglie as might be deuised The bastard of Orleance and the Hire were appointed to see the walles and watches kept and the bishop saw that the inhabitants within the citie were put in good order and that vittels were not vainelie spent In the tower that was taken at the bridge end as before you haue heard there was an high chamber hauing a grate full of barres of iron by the which a man might looke all the length of the bridge into the citie at which graâ—e manie of the chéefe capteins stood manie times viewing the citie and deuising in what place it was best to giue the assault They within the citie well perceiued this tooting hole and laid a péece of ordinance directlie against the window It so chanced that the nine and fiftith daie after the siege was laid the earle of Salisburie sir Thomas Gargraue and William Glasdale with diuerse other went into the said tower and so into the high chamber and looked out at the grate and within a short space the sonne of the maister-gunner perceiuing men looking out at the window tooke his match as his father had taught him who was gone downe to dinner and fired the gun the shot whereof brake and shiuered the iron barres of the grate so that one of the same bars strake the earle so violentlie on the head that it stroke awaie one of his eies and the side of his chéeke Sir Thomas Gargraue was likewise striken and died within two daies The earle was conueied to Meun on Loire where after eight daies he likewise departed this world whose bodie was conueied into England with all funerall appointment and buried at Bissam by his progenitors leauing behind him an onelie daughter named Alice married to Richard Neuill sonne to Rafe earle of Westmerland of whome more shall be said héereafter The damage that the realme of England receiued by the losse of this noble man manifestlie appeared in that immediatlie after his death the prosperous good lucke which had followed the English nation began to decline and the glorie of their victories gotten in the parties beyond the sea fell in decaie Though all men were sorowfull for his death yet the duke of Bedford was most striken with heauinesse as he that had lost his onelie right hand and cheefe aid in time of necessitie But sith that dead men cannot helpe the chances of men that be liuing he like a prudent gouernour appointed the earle of Suffolke to be his lieutenant and capteine of the siege and ioined with him the lord Scales the lord Talbot sir Iohn Fastolfe and diuerse other right valiant capteins These persons caused bastilles to be made round about the citie and left nothing vnattempted that might aduance their purpose which to bring to wished effect there was not anie want as of no cautelous policie so of no valiant enterprise tending to the enimies ouerthrow In the Lent season vittels and artillerie began to waxe scant in the English campe year 1429 wherefore the earle of Suffolke appointed sir Iohn Fastolfe sir Thomas Rampston and sir Philip Hall with their retinues to ride to Paris to the lord regent to informe him of their lacke who incontinentlie vpon that information prouided vittels artillerie and munitions necessarie and loded therewith manie chariots carts and horsses and for the sure conueieng of the same he appointed sir Simon Morhier prouost of Paris with the gard of the citie and diuerse of his owne houshold-seruants to accompanie sir Iohn Fastolfe and his complices to the armie lieng at the siege of Orleance They were in all to the number of fifteene hundred men of the which there were not past fiue or six hundred Englishmen These departing in good order of battell out of Paris came to Genuille in Beausse and in a morning earlie in a great frost they departed from thence toward the siege and when they came to a towne called Rowraie in the lands of Beausse they perceiued their enimies comming towards them being to the number of nine or ten thousand of Frenchmen and Scots of whome were capteins Charles of Cleremont sonne to the duke of Bourbon then being prisoner in England sir William Steward constable of Scotland a little before deliuered out of captiuitie line 10 the earle of Perdriake the lord Iohn Uandosine the Uidame of Chartres the lord of Toures the lord of Lohar the lord of Eglere the lord of Beauiew
our onelie means called king Edward the fourth Beside all this the earle of Warwike being a far casting prince perceiued somewhat in the duke of Clarence whereby he iudged that he bare no great good will towards the king his brother and therevpon feeling his mind by such talke as he of purpose ministred vnderstood how he was bent and so wan him to his purpose and for better assurance of his faithfull friendship he offered him his eldest daughter in mariage with the whole halfe deale of his wiues inheritance And herevpon after consultation had of their weightie businesse and dangerous affaires they failed ouer to Calis of the which towne the earle was capteine where his wife two daughters then soiourned whome the duke being in loue with hir person had great desire to visit But the earle hauing in continuall remembrance his purposed enterprise appointed his brethren the archbishop and the marquesse that they should by some meanes in his absence stir vp some new rebellion in the countie of Yorke and other places adioining so that this ciuill warre should séeme to all men to haue béene begun without his assent or knowlege being on the further side of the seas The duke of Clarence being come to Calis with the earle of Warwike after he had sworne on the sacrament to kéepe his promise and pact made with the said earle whole and inuiolate he married the ladie Isabell eldest daughter to the earle in our ladies church there Shortlie after according as had béene aforehand deuised a commotion was begun in Yorkeshire to the great disquieting of that countrie The same chanced by this means There was in the citie of Yorke an old and rich hospitall dedicated to saint Leonard for the harbourough and reléeuing of poore people Certeine euill disposed persons of the earle of Warwikes faction intending to set a broile in the countrie persuaded line 10 the husbandmen to refuse to giue anie thing to the said hospitall affirming that the corne giuen to that good intent came not to the vse of the poore but was conuerted to the behoofe of the maister of the hospitall and the preests whereby they grew to be rich and the poore people wanted their due succour and reléefe And not content with these saiengs they fell to dooings for when the proctors of the hospitall according to their vsage went about the countrie to gather the accustomed corne they were sore beaten wounded line 20 and euill intreated Shortlie after the conspiracie of the euill disposed people grew to an open rebellion so that there assembled to the number of fifteene thousand men euen readie bent to set on the citie of Yorke But the lord marquesse Montacute gouernour and president of that countrie for the king taking spéedie counsell in the matter with a small number of men but well chosen incountred the rebels before the gates of Yorke where after a long conflict he tooke Robert line 30 Huldorne their capteine and before them commanded his head to be striken off and then bicause it was a darke euening he caused his souldiers to enter into Yorke and there to refresh them Héere manie men haue maruelled whie the marquesse thus put to death the capteine of those people which had procured this their rebellious enterprise Some saie he did it to the intent to séeme innocent and faultlesse of his brothers dooings But other iudge that he did it for that contrarie to his promise line 40 made to his brother he was determined to take part with king Edward with whome as it shall after appeare he in small space entered into grace and fauour The rebels being nothing dismaied with the death of their capteine but rather the more bent on mischéefe by faire meanes and craftie persuasions got to them Henrie sonne to the lord Fitz Hugh and sir Henrie Neuill sonne and heire to the lord Latimer the one being nephue and the other cousine germane to the erle of Warwike Although these yoong line 50 gentlemen bare the names of capteins yet they had a gouernour that was sir Iohn Coniers a man of such courage valiantnesse as few were to be found in his daies within the north parts After they saw that they could not get Yorke bicause they wanted ordinance they determined with all speed to march toward London intending to raise such a toie in the peoples minds that they should thinke king Edward neither to be a lawfull prince nor yet profitable to the common-wealth King Edward line 60 hauing perfect knowledge of all the dooings of the earle of Warwike and of his brother the duke of Clarence was by diuerse letters certified of the great armie of the northerne men with all spéed comming toward London and therefore in great hast he sent to William lord Herbert whom as yée haue heard he had created earle of Penbroke requiring him without delaie to raise his power and incounter with the northerne men The earle of Penbroke commnolie called the lord Herbert both readie to obeie the kings commandement according to his dutie and also desirous to reuenge the malice which he bare to the earle of Warwike for that he knew how he had béene the onelie let whie he obteined not the wardship of the lord Bonneuilles daughter and heire for his eldest sonne accompanied with his brother sir Richard Herbert a valiant knight and aboue six or seauen thousand Welshmen well furnished marched forward to incounter with the northerne men And to assist him with archers was appointed Humfrie lord Stafford of Southwike named but not created earle of Deuonshire by the king in hope that he would serue valiantlie in that iournie he had with him eight hundred archers When these two lords were met at Cotteshold they heard how the northerne men were going toward Northampton wherevpon the lord Stafford and sir Richard Herbert with two thousand well horsed Welshmen rode foorth afore the maine armie to sée the demeanour of the northerne men and at length vnder a woods side they couertlie espied them passing forward and suddenlie set on the rere-ward but the northerne men with such nimblenesse turned about that in a moment the Welshmen were discomfited and manie taken the remnant returned to the armie with small gaine The northerne men well cooled with this small victorie went no further southwards but tooke their waie toward Warwike looking for aid of the earle which was latelie come from Calis with his sonne in law the duke of Clarence and was raising men to aid his freends and kinsfolke The king likewise assembled people to aid the erle of Penbroke but before either part receiued succour from his fréend or partaker both the armies met by chance in a faire plaine néere to a towne called Hedgecote foure miles distant from Banberie where there are thrée hilles not in equall quantitie but lieng in maner although not fullie triangle The Welshmen got first the west hill hoping to haue recouered
doctor Stillington and two other his ambassadors laden with no small summe of gold These ambassadors declaring their message affirmed that the king their maister willed to haue the earle of Richmond onelie for this purpose to ioine with him in aliance by marriage and so to plucke vp all the leauings of discord betwéene him and the contrarie faction The duke gentlie heard the orators And though at the first he by excuses denied their request yet at the length beléeuing that king Edward would giue to the earle his eldest daughter the ladie Elizabeth in marriage he consented to deliuer him and receiued of the English orators a great summe of monie But yer they were imbarked with their preie the duke being aduertised that the earle of Richmond was not so earnestlie sought for to be coupled in mariage with king Edwards daughter but rather that his head might be chopped off with an hatchet caused his treasuror Peter Landoise to conueie the said earle of Richmond into a sanctuarie at S. Malo where the English ambassadors then laie onelie staieng for a conuenient wind who complained that they were euill vsed to be spoiled both of their monie and merchandize Yet bicause the matter was so handled that it séemed the earle escaped into the sanctuarie through their owne negligence after they had receiued him into their hands they were soone answered but yet promise was made that the earle should be safelie kept either in the sanctuarie or else as prisoner in the dukes house that they should not néed to feare him more than his shadow And thus the king of England purchased for his monie the kéeping of his enimie the space onelie of three daies and no more King Edward was somewhat displeased with this chance but yet trusting that the duke of Britaine would according to promise see the earle of Richmond safelie kept from dooing anie gréeuance to him or his subiects put all doubts therof out of his mind and began to studie how to kéepe a liberall princelie house and therevpon storing his chests with monie he imploied no small portion in good housekéeping ¶ But hauing spoken thus much of the earle of Richmond whome Edward Hall compareth to a shéepe betraied into the téeth and clawes of the woolfe you shall vnderstand that at such time as his troubles were set fresh abroach and he knowing that he was going towards his death for verie pensifenesse and inward thought fell into a feruent and sore ague In which verie season one Iohn Cheulet so estéemed among the princes of Britaine as few were in all the countrie and in much credit and well accepted with the duke was when these things were thus concluded for his solace in the countrie Who being hereof certified was chafed with the abhomination of the fact resorted to the court and familiarlie came to the dukes presence where he stood so sadlie and so palie without anie word speaking that the duke was much abashed and suddenlie maruelled at his sad and frowning countenance and demanded of him what should signifie that dumpishnesse of mind and inward sighing the which by his countenance manifestlie appeared and was euident He modestlie answered Most noble and redoubted lord this palenesse of visage and deadlie looke dooth prognosticate the time of my death to approach and be at hand which if it had chanced to me before this daie I assure you it had much lesse hurt me For then had I not beene reserued to féele the dolorous pangs and sorowfull sighings which a fact by you doone that I thougâ—â— impossible to be obteined hath printed in my stomach and in my heart deeplie grauen so that I well perceiue that either I shall lose my life or else liue in perpetuall distresse and continuall miserie For you my singular good lord by your vertuous acts and noble feats haue gotten to you in manner an immortall fame which in euerie mans mouth is extolled aduanced aboue the high clouds But alas me séemeth I praie you pardon me my rudenesse that now that you haue obteined so high praise line 10 and glorie you nothing lesse regard than to kéepe and preserue the same inuiolate considering that you forgetting your faith and faithfull promise made to Henrie earle of Richmond haue deliuered the most innocent yoong gentleman to the cruell tormentors to be afflicted rent in péeces and slaine Wherefore all such as loue you of the which number I am one cannot choose but lament be sorie when they sée openlie the fame and glorie of your most renowmed name by such a disloialtie and vntruth against line 20 promise to be both blotted and stained with a perpetuall note of slander and infamie Peace mine owne good Iohn quoth the duke I praie thée beléeue me there is no such thing like to happen to the earle of Richmond for king Edward hath sent for him to make of him being his suspected enimie his good and faire sonne in law Well well quoth Iohn my redoubted lord giue credence vnto me the earle Henrie is at the verie brinke to perish whome if you permit once to set line 30 but one foot out of your power and dominion there is no mortall creature able héereafter to deliuer him from death The duke being mooued with the persuasions of Iohn Cheulet which either little beleeued or smallie suspected king Edward to desire the earle for anie fraud or deceipt or else seduced by blind auarice and loue of monie more than honestie fidelitie or wisedome would require did not consider what he vnaduisedlie did or what he aduisedlie should haue doone Wherefore with all diligence he sent foorth Peter line 40 Landoise his cheefe treasuror commanding him to intercept and staie the earle of Richmond in all hast possible as before you haue heard ¶ In this yeare deceassed sir Iohn Crosbie knight not long before this maior of London and was buried in the parish church of saint Helen in Bishops gate stréet vnto the reparing of which parish church he gaue fiue hundred marks and thirtie pounds to be distributed to poore housholders in the ward of Bishops gate to the reparing of the parish church at line 50 Heneworth in Middlesex fortie pounds to the repairing of London wall one hundred pounds toward the making of a new tower of stone at the south-end of London bridge if the same were begun by the maior and communaltie within ten yeares next after his deceasse one hundred pounds to the reparations of Rochester bridge ten pounds to euerie the prisons in and about London liberallie Also he gaue to the wardens and communaltie of the grocers in London two large pots of siluer chased halfe line 60 guilt weieng thirtéene pounds and fiue ounces of Treie weight to be occupied in their common hall and elsewhere at their discretions In this yeare were inhanced to the honour of knighthood after the custome of England in the time of peace the kings eldest son Edward prince of Wales duke of
king Richard entered into a treatie also of aliance for the concluding of a marriage betwixt the duke of Rothsaie eldest sonne to the king of Scots and the ladie Anne de la Poole daughter to Iohn duke of Suffolke and the duchesse Anne sister to king Richard which sister he so much fauoured line 30 that studieng by all waies and meanes possible how to aduance hir linage he did not onelie thus seeke to preferre hir daughter in marriage but also after the death of his sonne he proclamed Iohn earle of Lincolne hir sonne and his nephue heire apparant to the crowne of England disheriting king Edwards daughters whose brethren as ye haue heard he most wickedlie had caused to be murthered and made awaie The king of Scots standing in néed of freends line 40 although not so greatlie as king Richard did willinglie consent to that motion of marriage first broched by king Richard insomuch that it tooke effect and by commissioners was passed and concluded in maner as in the historie of Scotland it likewise appeareth But albeit that by this league and amitie thus couenanted and concluded it might he thought that all conspiracies coniurations and confederacies against king Richard had béene extinct especiallie considering the duke of Buckingham and his alies line 50 were dispatched out of the waie some by death and some by flight and banishment into farre countries yet king Richard more doubting than trusting to his owne people and freends was continuallie vexed and troubled in mind for feare of the earle of Richmonds returne which dailie dread and hourelie agonie caused him to liue in dolefull miserie euer vnquiet and in maner in continuall calamitie Wherefore he intending to be reléeued and to haue an end of all his doubtfull dangers determined line 60 cléerelie to extirpate and plucke vp by the roots all the matter and ground of his feare and doubts Insomuch that after long and deliberate consultation had nothing was for his purpose and intent thought either more necessarie or expedient than once againe with price praier and rewards to attempt the duke of Britaine in whose territorie the earle of Richmond then abode to deliuer the said earle into his hands by which onelie meanes he should be discharged of all feare and perill and brought to rest and quietnesse both of bodie and mind Wherefore incontinent he sent certeine ambassadors to the duke of Britaine which tooke vpon them beside the great and ample rewards that they brought with them into Britaine that king Richard should yearelie paie and answer the duke of all the reuenues rents and profits of the seigniories lands and possessions as well belonging and apperteining to the erle of Richmond as to anie other noble or gentleman which then were in the earles companie if he after that time would kéepe them in continuall prison and restraine them from libertie The ambassadors furnished with these and other instructions arriued in Britaine and came to the dukes house where with him they could haue no maner of communication concerning their weightie affaires by reason that he being faint and weakened by a long and dailie infirmitie began a little to wax idle and weake in his wit and remembrance For which cause Peter Landoise his cheefe treasuror a man both of pregnant wit and great authoritie ruled and adiudged all things at his pleasure and commandement for which cause as men set in authoritie be not best beloued he excited prouoked against him the malice and euill will of the nobilitie of Britaine which afterward for diuerse great offenses by him during his authoritie perpetrate committed by their meanes was brought to death confusion The English ambassadors mooued their message and request to Peter Landoise and to him declared their maisters commandement instantlie requiring and humblie desiring him in whose power it laie to doo all things in Britaine that he would freendlie assent to the request of king Richard offering to him the same rewards and lands that they should haue offered to the duke This Peter which was no lesse disdeined than hated almost of all the people of Britaine thought that if he did assent satisfie king Richards petition and desire he should be of power and abilitie sufficient to withstand and refell the malicious attempts and disdeinfull inuentions of his enuious aduersaries Wherefore he faithfullie promised to accomplish king Richards request desire so that he kept promise with him that he might be able to withstand the cankered malice of his secret enimies This act that he promised to doo was not for anie grudge or malice that he bare vnto the erle of Richmond for as you haue heard before he deliuered him from the perill of death at saint Malos when he was in great doubt of life and ieopardie But as cause ariseth we euer offend and that curssed hunger of gold and execrable thirst of lucre and inward feare of losse of authoritie driueth the blind minds of couetous men ambitious persons to euils and mischéefs innumerable not remembring losse of good name obloquie of the people nor in conclusion the punishment of God for their merits and deserts Which vengeance of God for such falshood was more to be feared than the gaie offers of the king to be desired for the one was sure to fall the other was likelie to faile Wherefore it is wisedome to make choise of a fréend by the rule of the wiseman to be obserued in wine which is drunke with pleasure when it is old Neither dooth it stand with a mans safetie to trust a freend too farre for occasions maie fall out wherby he shall become an enimie as the poet saith Hostis erit forsan qui tuns hospes erat But fortune was so fauourable to the publike wealth of the realme of England that this deadlie and dolorous compact tooke none effect or place For while posts ran and letters were sent to and fro for the finishing of this great enterprise betwéene king Richard and Peter Landoise Iohn Morton bishop of Elie soiourning then in Flanders was of all this craftie conueiance certified by his secret and sure fréends Wherefore he sent Christopher Urswike which at that verie season was come out of Britaine into Flanders to declare to the earle of Richmond how all the deceit and craftie working was conueied and compassed giuing him charge to counsell and aduise the earle in all hast possible with all his companie to retire out of Britaine into France When these newes were brought to the earle he then kept house in Uannes and incontinent dispatched againe Christopher Urswike vnto Charles the French king requiring him that he and his might safelie passe into France Which desire being obteined line 10 the messenger shortlie returned to his lord and prince The earle well perceiuing that it was expedient and necessarie with all spéed and diligence to looke to this weightie matter calling verie few to counsell he made inquirie
pencels and cushins where was soong a solemne dirige and a masse with a sermon made by the bishop of Rochester During which time the kings houshold and the mourners reposed them in the bishops palace The next daie the corps in like order was remooued towards Westminster sir Edward Howard bearing the kings baner on a courser trapped in the armes of the deceased king In Westminster was a curious hearse made of nine principals all full of lights which were lighted at the comming of the corps which was taken out of the charriot by six lords and set vnder the hearse the image or the representation lieng vpon the cushin on a large pall of gold The hearse was double railed within the first railes sat the mourners and within the second raile stood knights bearing baners of saints and without the same stood officers of armes When the mourners were set Gartier king at armes cried For the soule of the noble prince king Henrie the seauenth lat◠king of this realme then the quire began Placebo and so soong dirige which being finished the mourners departed into the palace where they had a void and so reposed for that night The next daie were thrée masses solemnelie soong by bishops and at the last masse was offered the kings baner and courser his coat of armes his sword his target and his helme and at the end of masse the mourners offered vp rich palles of cloath of gold and baudekin and when the quire sang Libera me the bodie was put into the earth Then the lord treasuror lord steward lord chamberleine the treasuror and comptrollor of the kings houshold brake their staues and cast them into the graue Then Gartier cried with a lowd voice Viue le roy Henrie le huictesme roy d'Angleterre de France sire d'Irland Then all the mourners and all other that had giuen their attendance on this funerall obsequie departed to the palace where they had a great and a sumptuous feast Woonder it were to write of the lamentation that was made for this prince amongst his seruants and other of the wisest sort and the ioie that was made for his death by such as were troubled by rigour of his law yet the toward hope which in all points appeared in the yoong king did both repaire and comfort the heauie hearts of them which had lost so wise and sage a prince and also did put out of the minds of such as were releeued by the said kings death all their old grudge and rancor and confirmed their new ioie by the new grant of his pardon After that the funerals of the said late king were once ended great preparation was made for the coronation of the new king which was appointed on Midsummer daie next insuing During the time of which preparation the king was aduised by some of his councell to take to wife the ladie Katharine late wife to his brother prince Arthur least she hauing so great a dowrie as was appointed to hir might marrie out of the realme which should be to his hinderance The king being hereto persuaded espoused the said ladie Katharine the third daie of Iune the which marriage was dispensed with by pope Iulie at the sute of hir father king Ferdinando On the eleuenth daie of this moneth of Iune the king came from Gréenewich to the Tower ouer London bridge and so by Grace church with whome came manie a gentleman richlie apparelled but speciallie the duke of Buckingham which had a gowne all of goldsmiths line 10 worke verie costlie On fridaie the two and twentith day of Iune the king with the quéene being in the Tower of London made foure and twentie knights of the Bath And the morow following being saturdaie the foure and twentith of Iune his grace with the quéene departed from the Tower through London the streets being hanged with tapestrie and cloth of arras verie richlie and a great part of the south side of Cheape with cloth of gold so was some part of Cornehill The stréets were railed barred on the one side from line 20 ouer against Grace church to Bredstréet in Cheapeside where euerie occupation stood in their liueries in order beginning with base and meane occupations and so ascending to the worshipfull crafts Highest and lastlie stood the maior with the aldermen The goldsmiths stals vnto the end of the Old change being replenished with virgins in white with branches of white wax the priests and clearkes in rich copes with crosses and censers of siluer with censing his line 30 grace and the queene also as they passed The features of his bodie his goodlie personage his amiable visage princelie countenance with the noble qualities of his roiall estate to euerie man knowen néedeth no rehersall considering that for lacke of cunning I cannot expresse the gifts of grace and of nature that God indued him with all Yet partlie to describe his apparell it is to be noted his grace ware in his vppermost apparell a robe of crimsin veluet furred with ermins his iacket or line 40 coat of raised gold the placard imbrodered with diamonds rubies emerands great pearles and other rich stones a great bauderike about his necke of great balasses The trapper of his horsse damaske gold with a deepe purfle of ermins His knights and esquiers for his bodie in crimsin veluet and all the gentlemen with other of his chappell and all his officers and houshold seruants were appareled in scarlet The barons of the fiue portes bare the canopie or cloth of estate For to recite vnto you the great estates by name the order of their going the number line 50 of the lords spirituall temporall knights esquiers and gentlemen and their costlie and rich apparell of seuerall deuises and fashions who tooke vp his horsse best or who was richest beseene it would aske long time and yet I should omit manie things and faile of the number for they were verie manie wherefore I passe ouer But this I dare well saie there was no lacke or scarsitie of cloth of tissue cloth of gold cloth of siluer broderie or of goldsmiths works but in more plentie and aboundance than hath beene séene line 60 or read of at anie time before and thereto manie and great numbers of chaines of gold bauderikes both massie and great Also before the kings highnesse rode two gentlemen richlie apparelled and about their bodies ouerthwart they bare two robes the one of the duchie of Guien and the other for the duchie of Normandie with hats on their heads powdered with ermins for the estate of the same Next followed two persons of good estate the one bearing his cloke the other his hat apparelled both in goldsmiths worke and broderie their horsses trapped in burned siluer drawen ouer with cordes of gréene silke and gold the edges and borders of their apparell being fretted with gold of damaske After them came sir Thomas Brandon master of the kings
the long warres of those regions To this was ioined the memorie of Mahomet his grandfather who with a power farre lesse than his and with a small name sent vpon the coasts of the realme of Naples had woone by assault the citie of Oâ—ronto and sauing he was preuented by death had both opened the way and established the meane to persecute the regions of Italie with continuall vexations so that the pope togither with the whole court of Rome being made astonished with so great successe and no lesse prouident to eschew so great a danger making their first recourse vnto the aid and succour of God caused to be celebrated through Rome most deuout inuocations which he did assist in presence bare-footed And afterwards calling vpon the helpe of mâ—n line 10 he wrote letters to all christian princes both admonishing them of the perill and persuading them to lay aside all ciuill discords and contentions and attend spéedilie to the defense of religion their common safetie which he affirmed would more and more take increase of most grieuous danger if with the vnitie of minds and concordances of forces they sought not to transferre the warre into the empire of the Turks inuade the enimie in his owne countrie Upon this aduise and admonition was taken line 20 the examination and opinion of men of warre and persons skilfull in the discouerie of countries the disposing of prouinces and of the nature and vsage of the forces and weapons of that kingdome and therevpon a resolution was set downe to make great leuies of monie by voluntarie contributions of princes and vniuersall imposts of all people of christendome It was thought necessarie that Cesar accompanied with the horssemen of Hungaria and Polonia line 30 nations warlike and practised in continuall warre against the Turke and also with the footmen of Germanie should saile along Danubi into Bossina called ancientlie Misia and from thence to Thracia and so to draw neare Constantinople the seat of the empire of Ottomanes that the French king with all the forces of his kingdome the Uenetians and the other potentates of Italie accompanied with the infanterie of Swizzerland should passe from the port of Brindisi in Albania a passage verie easie short to inuade Greece a countrie full of christian inhabitants line 40 and for the intollerable yoke of the Turkes most readie to rebell that the kings of Spaine of England and Portugall assembling their forces togither in Cartagenia and the ports thereabouts should take their course with two hundred ships full of Spanish footmen and other souldiers to the streict of Galipoli to make rodes vp to Constantinople hauing first of all subdued the castels and forts standing vpon the mouth of the streict and the pope to take the same course imbarking at Ancona with line 50 an hundred ships armed With these preparations séeming sufficient to couer the land and ouerspread the sea it was thought that of a warre so full of deuotion and pietie there could not be but hoped a happie end speciallie adding the inuocation of God and so manie seuerall inuasions made at one time against the Turkes who make their principall foundation of defense to fight in the plaine field These matters were solicited with no small industrie and to stop all matter of imputation line 60 against the office of the pope the minds of princes were throughlie sounded and an vniuersall truce for fiue yeares betweene all the princes of christendome published in the consistorie vpon paine of most grieuous censure to such as should impugne it So that the negociation continuing for all things apperteining to so great an enterprise he assigned ambassadours to all princes to the emperour he sent the cardinall S. Sisto to the French king he dispatched the cardinall of S. Maria in Portico the cardinall Giles to the king of Spaine and the cardinall Campeius to the king of England All cardinals of authoritie either for their experience in affaires or for opinion of their doctrine or for their familiaritie with the pope All which things albeit they were begun with great hope and expectation and the vniuersall truce accepted of all men and all men with no little ostentation and brauerie of words made shew of their readinesse with their forces to aduance so good a cause yet what with the consideration of the perill estéemed vncerteine and farre off and extending more to one prince than to another and what by the difficulties and long tract of time that appeared to introduce a zeale and vnion so vniuersall priuat interests and respects particular séemed to preuaile more than the pietie of the expedition insomuch that the negociation stood not onelie naked of all hope and issue but also it was followed verie lightlie and as it were by ceremonie This being one propertie in the nature of men that those things which in their beginnings appeare fearefull doo dailie take such degrées of diminution and vanishing that vnles the first feares be reuiued by new accidents they lead men in processe of time to securitie Which propertie of negligence both touching the affaires publike and affection of priuate and particular men was well confirmed by the death that succéeded not long after to Selim who hauing by a long maladie suspended the preparations of the warre was in the end consumed by the passions of his disease and so passed into the other life leauing so great an empire to Soliman his sonne yoong in yeares and iudged to beare a wit and mind not so disposed to the warres although afterwards the effects declared the contrarie At this time appeared betweene the pope and the French king a most great and streict coniuncton for the king gaue to wife to Laurence his nephue the ladie Magdalen noblie descended of the bloud and house of Bullognie with a yearelie reuenue of ten thousand crownes whereof part was of the kings gift and the residue rising of hir owne patrimonie Besides the king hauing borne to him a sonne the pope required that in his baptisme he would impose vpon him his name By which occasion Laurence making preparations to go to marrie his new wife for his more spéed performed his iournie by post into France where he was receiued with manie amities and much honour of the king to whome he became verie gratious and of deare account the rather for that besides other generall respects he made a dedication of himselfe wholie to the king with promise to follow in all accidents his fortune And now to returne to cardinall Woolsie who grew so into excéeding pride that he thought himselfe equall with the king For when he said masse which he did oftener to shew his pompe rather than for anie deuotion he made dukes and earles to serue him of wine with a say taken and to hold to him the bason at the lauatorie Thus was the pride of the cardinall and other priests so past the compasse of reason
sixt He was not onelie courteous wise and gentle being dailie attendant at the court but forward and fortunate in seruice abroad as may well appeare in his sundrie voiages both into France and Scotland He was of nature verie gentle and pitifull not blemished by any thing so much as by the death of the admerall his naturall brother which could not haue beene brought to passe in that sort without his consent But of this good duke to let passe multitude of words maister Fox hath written no lesse trulie than commendablie no lesse commendablie than deseruedlie and no lesse deseruedlie than profitablie in his historie whereto I refer the reader for further knowledge Neuerthelesse of this vertuous duke by waie of application I saie as somtime one said verie aptlie as some thinke of the gratious ladie An Bullen Discite vos viui quid dira calumnia possit Inuidia alterius vitae comes arcta beatae Et falsis linguae commista venena susurris The protectors of England collected out of the ancient and moderne chronicles wherin is set downe the yeare of Christ and of the king in which they executed that function VPon the death of this duke of Summerset protector of England it shall not be vnsitting in this place to set downe all the protectors whereof I can as yet haue intelligence and who haue béene gouernors regents gardians or deputies of the realme and of the kings person during his minoritie and time of his insufficiencie of gouernement or else of his absence being out of the realme whereof I haue made an especiall title in my Pantographie of England in which this my collection of the protectors although perhaps I shall not set downe all for Barnardus non videt omnia yet it is better to haue halfe a loafe than no bread knowledge of some than of none at all Thus therefore I begin Guendoline the daughter of Corineus duke of Cornewall after the procurement of warre against hir husband wherein he was slaine was by common consent for that hir sonne Madrane which she had by Locrine was insufficient by reason of his minoritie to gouerne the kingdome made by the Britons ruler of the I le in the yeare of the world 2894 and so continued the same by the space of fiftéene yéeres vntill hir sonne came to lawfull age Martia the widow of Guenteline the king by reason that Sicilius hir sonne was not of age conuenient to weld the scepter as one being but seuen yeares old obteined the gouernement both of the realme and of hir sonnes person which she most worthilie deserued being a woman of rare vertue and iudgement Eldred Ethelred or Edred for all these diuersities are found in authors brother to Edmund king of England while the sonnes of Edmund Edwine and Edgar were for their minorities insufficient to dispose the kingdome was appointed protector to his nephues in the yeare of Christ 940 who about six or seuen yeares after his protectorship tooke on him the kingdome at Kingstone on Easter daie in the yeare of Christ as hath Iohn Stow 946 as others haue nine hundred fortie seuen Emma the quéene of England the widow of king Etheldred and of Canutus both kings of England iointlie with Goodwine earle of Kent had the gouernement of the realme vnder Hardiknute king of England who began his reigne in the yeare of Christ 1041. Harold the sonne of Goodwine at the death of king Edward the Confessor which fell in the yeare of Christ 1066 and the three and twentith yeare of the same king was by the testament of the said king Edward appointed regent of the yong Edgar Atheling named heire in the life of the said Edward and of the kingdome after the death of king Edward during the minoritie of the said Edgar Beside which the like commending of the kingdome to this Harold line 10 in respect of the quéenes honour as that before of the successours right is set downe by one that liued at that time and wrote the life of king Edward of erle Goodwine and of his children in these words Porrectáque manu meaning king Edward lieng on his death bed and speaking in the behalfe of Editha the quéene sister to this Harold ad praedictum nutricium suum fratrem Haroldum Hancinquit cum omni regno tutandam tibi commendo vt pro domina sorore vt est fideli serues honores obsequio vt quoad vixerit à me adepto non line 20 priuetur honore debito Commendo pariter etiam eos qui natiuam terram suam reliquerunt causa amoris mei mihÃque haectenus suleliter sunt obsequuti vt suscepta ab eis siita volunt fidelitate eos tuearis retineas aut tua defensione conductos cum omnibus quae sub me acquisiuerunt cum salute ad propria transfretari facias c. But he when king Edward was dead vsurped the crowne to himselfe and shortlie after lost both his life and his kingdome Odo bishop of Baieux and William Fitzosborne the first being earle of Kent and chiefe iustice line 30 of England and the second being earle of Hereford were gouernours of the realme in the yeare of our Lord 1067 and the first yeare of William the Conquerour when he went into Normandie after the conquest and indifferent quieting of the realme Lanfranke archbishop of Canturburie as appeareth by Matthew Parker writing in this sort in the life of the said Lanfranke Absente Gulielmo omnia Lanfranco mandabantur qui summa prudentia cunctae moderatus line 40 proceres plebem in officio tranquillè sine vlla motu atque tumultu continebat adeò vt si quae defectionis suspicio nascebatur ad eam illicò compescendam maximus potentissimus quisque opem adiumentum illi imperantipraestitit Sir Richard Lucie knight chiefe iustice of England was protector of the realme in the twelfe yeare of the reigne of king Henrie the second being the yeare of our Lord 1166 in the absence of the king when he was in Normandie and in the parts beyond the seas Which Lucie in the thirteenth yeare of the same king being the yeare of our redemption line 50 1167 did valiantlie resist and politikelie driue backe the earle of Bullongne inuading the realme Hée built the abbeie of Leosnes or Westwood in the parish of Erith in Kent and not in Southfléet as some haue written in the yeare of Christ 1178 being about the foure and twentith yeare of king Henrie the second and further built the castell of Angier in Essex in the diocesse of the bishop of London He had issue Godfreie bishop of Winchester and thrée daughters who after the death of Godfreie their brother line 60 were his heires the eldest daughter of which sir Richard Lucie was maried to Robert the first called Fitzwater the second daughter Auelina was maried to Riuers of whome issued Iohn de Riuers the third daughter Rose was
the yearlie value of one hundred twentie pounds for the which it is decreed that the maior burgesses and communaltie of Bristow in the yeare of our Lord 1567 and so yearelie during the tearme of ten yeares then next insuing should cause to be paid at Bristow one hundred pounds of lawfull monie The first eight hundred pounds to be lent to sixtéene poore line 40 yoongmen clothiers fréemen of the same towne for the space of ten yeares fiftie pounds the péece of them putting sufficient suerties for the same and at the end of ten yeares to be lent to other sixteene at the discretion of the maior aldermen and foure of the common councell of the said citie The other two hundred pounds to be imploied in the prouision of corne for the reléefe of the poore of the same citie for their readie monie without gaine line 50 to be taken And after the end of ten yeares on the feast daie of saint Bartholomew which shall be in the yeare of our Lord 1577 at the merchant tailors hall in London vnto the maior and communaltie of the citie of Yorke or to their atturnie authorised an hundred foure pounds to be lent vnto foure yoongmen of the said citie of Yorke fréemen and inhabitants clothiers alwaie to be preferred that is to euerie of them fiue and twentie pounds to haue and occupie the same for the tearme of ten yeares without line 60 paieng anie thing for the loane the foure pounds ouerplus of the hundred and foure pounds at the pleasure of the maior and communaltie for their paines to be taken about the receipts and paiments of the said hundred pounds The like order in all points is taken for the deliuerie of an hundred and foure pounds in the yeare 1578 to the citie of Canturburie In the yeare 1579 to Reading 1580 to the companie of the merchant tailors 1581 to Glocester 1582 to Worcester 1583 to Excester 1584 to Salisburie 1585 to Westchester 1586 to Norwich 1587 to South-hampton 1588 to Lincolne 1589 to Winchester 1590 to Oxenford 1591 to Herefordeast 1592 to Cambridge 1593 to Shrewesburie 1594 to Lin 1595 to Bath 1596 to Derbie 1597 to Ipswich 1598 to Colchester 1599 to Newcastell And then to begin againe at Bristow an hundred and foure pounds the next yeare to the citie of Yorke and so foorth to euerie of the said cities and townes in the like order as before and thus to continue for euer as in the indentures tripartite more plainelie maie appeare At this time manie were in trouble for religion and among others sir Iames Hales knight one of the iustices of the common plées which iustice being called among other by the councell of king Edward to subscribe to a deuise made for the disheriting of queene Marie and the ladie Elizabeth hir sister would in no wise assent to the same though most of the other did yet that notwithstanding for that he at a quarter sessions holden in Kent gaue charge vpon the statutes of king Henrie the eight and king Edward the sixt in derogation of the primasie of the church of Rome abolished by king Henrie the eight he was first committed prisoner to the Kings bench then to the Counter last to the Fléet where whether it were thorough extreame feare or else by reason of such talke as the warden of the Fleet vsed vnto him of more trouble like to insue if he persisted in his opinion or for what other cause God knoweth he was so mooued troubled and vexed that he sought to rid himselfe out of this life which thing he first attempted in the Fleet by wounding himselfe with a penknife well neere to death Neuerthelesse afterward being recouered of that hurt he séemed to be verie conformable to all the queenes procéedings and was therevpon deliuered of his imprisonment and brought to the quéenes presence who gaue him words of great comfort neuerthelesse his mind was not quiet as afterward well appeared for in the end he drowned himselfe in a riuer not halfe a mile from his dwelling house in Kent the riuer being so shalow that he was faine to lie groueling before he could dispatch himselfe whose death was much lamented For beside that he was a man wise vertuous and learned in the lawes of the realme he was also a good and true minister of iustice whereby he gat him great fauour and estimation among all degrees During the aforesaid parlement about the eightéenth daie of October there was kept at Paules church in London a publike disputation appointed by the quéenes commandement about the presence of Christ in the sacrament of the altar which disputation continued six daies doctor Weston then being prolocutor of the conuocation who vsed manie vnseemelie checks tawnts against the one part to the preiudice of their cause By reason whereof the disputers neuer resolued vpon the article proponed but grew dailie more and more into contention without anie fruit of their long conference and so ended this disputation with these words spoken by doctor Weston prolocutor It is not the queens pleasure that we should herein spend anie longer time and yeare well inough for you haue the word and we haue the sword But of this matter ye maie read more in the booke of the monuments of the church At this time was cardinall Poole sent for to Rome by the quéene who was verie desirous of his comming as well for the causes before declared as also for the great affection that she had to him being hir neere kinsman and consenting with hir in religion This message was most thankefullie receiued at Rome and order taken to send the said cardinall hither with great expedition but before his comming quéene Marie had married Philip prince of Spaine as after shall appeare But here to touch somewhat the comming of the said cardinall When he was arriued at Calis there was conference had amongest the councellors of the quéene for the maner of his receiuing some would haue had him verie honourablie met and interteined as he was in all places where he had before passed not onelie for that he was a cardinall and a legat from the pope but also for that he was the quéenes néere kinsman of the house of Clarence Neuerthelesse after much debating line 10 it was thought méetest first for that by the lawes of the realme which yet were not repealed he stood attainted by parlement and also for that it was doubtfull how he being sent from Rome should be accepted of the people who in fiue and twentie yeares before had not béene much acquainted with the pope or his cardinals that therefore vntill all things might be put in order for that purpose he should come without anie great solemnitie vnto Lambeth where in the archbishops house his lodging was line 20 prepared The third of Nouember next following Thomas Cranmer archbishop of Canturburie notwithstanding that he had once refused
the erle of Deuonshire speciallie in the west parts insomuch as they drew not all by one line line 10 Then Throckmorton asked how the Kentishmen were affected to the Spaniards Wiat said The people like them euill inough and that appeered now at the comming of the countie of Egmount for they were readie to stur against him and his traine supposing it had bin the prince But said Wiat sir Robert Southwell maister Baker and maister Moile and their affinitie which be in good credit in some places of the shire will for other malicious respects hinder the libertie of their countrie Then Throckmorton line 20 should saie Though I know there hath béene an vnkindnesse betwixt maister Southwell and you for a monie matter wherein I trauelled to make you fréends I doubt not but in so honest a matter as this is he will for the safegard of his countrie ioine with you and so you may be sure of the lord Aburgauennie his force Then Wiat said It is for another matter than for monie that we disagree wherein he hath handled me and others verie doublie vnneighborlie howbeit he can doo no other neither to me nor line 30 to anie other man therefore I forgiue him Item with sir Peter Caroe Throckmorton had conference touching the impeachment of the landing of the said prince and touching prouision of armour and munition as insueth that is to saie that sir Peter Caroe told Throckmorton that he trusted his countriemen would be true Englishmen and would not agrée to let the Spaniards to gouerne them Item the said sir Peter Caroe said the matter importing the French king as it did he thoght the French king would worke to hinder the Spaniards comming hither line 40 with whome the said sir Peter did thinke good to practise for armour munition and monie Then Throckmorton did aduise him to beware that he brought anie Frenchmen into the realme forceablie inasmuch as he could as euill abide the Frenchmen after that sort as the Spaniards And also Throckmorton thought the French king vnable to giue aid to vs by meanes of the great consumption in their owne warres Maister Caroe said As touching line 50 the bringing in of the Frenchmen he meant it not for he loued neither partie but to serue his owne countrie and to helpe his countrie from bondage declaring further to Throckmorton that he had a small barke of his owne to worke his practise by so he said that shortlie he intended to depart to his owne countrie to vnderstand the deuotion of his countrimen Item Throckmorton did saie he would for his part hinder the cōming in of the Spaniards as much as he could by persuasion Item to sir Edward Warner he had and did béemone his owne line 60 estate and the tyrannie of the time extended vpon diuerse honest persons for religion and wished it were lawfull for all of ech religion to liue safelie acording to their conscience for the law Ex officio will be intollerable the clergies discipline now maie rather be resembled to the Turks tyrannie than to the teaching of christian religion ¶ This was the summe of the matter which was read in the foresaid confession as maters most greeuous against the prisoner Then Throckmorton said Sithence maister sergeant you haue read and gathered the place as you thinke that maketh most against me I praie you take the pains and read further that hereafter whatsoeuer become of me my words be not peruerted and abused to the hurt of some others and especiallie against the great personages of whom I haue béene sundrie times as appeareth by my answers examined for I perceiue the net was not cast onelie for little fishes but for the great ones Iuxta adagium It shall be but losse of time and we haue other things to charge you withall and this that you desire dooth make nothing for you And for the better confirmation of all the treasons obiected against the prisoner and therein to prooue him guiltie you of the iurie shall heare the duke of Suffolks depositions against him who was a principall and hath suffered accordinglie ¶ Then the said sergeant read the dukes confession touching the prisoner amounting to this effect that the lord Thomas Greie did informe the said duke that sir Nicholas Throckmorton was priuie to the whole deuises against the Spaniards was one that should go into the west countrie with the earle of Deuonshire But what dooth the principall authour of this matter saie against me I meane the lord Thomas Greie who is yet liuing Why be not his depositions broght against me for so it ought to be if he can saie anie thing Will you know the truth Neither the lord Thomas Greie hath said can saie or will saie anie thing against me notwithstanding the duke his brothers confession and accusation who hath affirmed manie other things besides the truth I speake not without certeine knowledge for the lord Thomas Greie being my prison-felow for a small time informed me that the duke his brother had misreported him in manie things amongst others in matters touching me which he had declared to you maister Southwell and other the examinors not long ago I am sure if the lord Thomas could or would haue said anie thing it should haue beene here now And as to the dukes confession it is not materiall for he dooth referre the matter to the lord Thomas report who hath made my purgation And it please you my lords and you my maisters of the iurie besides these matters touching Wiats rebellion sir Peter Caroes treasons and confederating with the duke of Suffolke and besides the prisoners conspiracie with the earle of Deuonshire with Crofts Rogers Warner and sundrie others in sundrie places it shall manifestlie appeare vnto you that Throckmorton did conspire the quéenes maiesties death with William Thomas sir Nicholas Arnold and other traitors intending the same which is the greatest matter of all others and most to be abhorred And for proofe hereof you shall heare what Arnold saith ¶ Then was sir Nicholas Arnolds confession read saieng that Throckmorton shewed to him riding betwixt Hinam and Crosse laund in Glocestershire that Iohn Fitz Williams was verie much displeased with William Thomas William Thomas deuised that Iohn Fitzwilliams should kill the queene and Throckmorton knew of it as appeareth by Arnolds confession First I denie that I said anie such thing to maister Arnold and though he be an honest man he may either forget himselfe or deuise meanes how to vnburthen himselfe of so weightie a matter as this is for he is charged with the mater as principall Which I did perceiue when he charged me with his tale and therefore I doo blame him the lesse that he seeketh how to discharge himselfe vsing me as a witnesse if he could so transferre the deuise to William Thomas But trulie I neuer spake anie such words vnto him And for my better declaration I
did see Iohn Fitzwilliams here euen now who can testifie that he neuer shewed me of any displesure betwixt them and as I know nothing of the displeasure betwixt them so I know nothing of the cause I pray you my lords let him be called to depose in this matter what he can Then Iohn Fitzwilliams drew to the barre and presented himselfe to depose his knowledge in the matter in open court I praie you my lords suffer him not to be sworne neither to speake we haue nothing to doo with him Why should he not be suffered to tell truth And why be ye not so well contented to heare truth for me line 10 as vntruth against me Who called you hither Fitzwilliams or commanded you to speake You are a verie busie officer I called him and doo humblie desire that he maie speake and be heard as well as Uaughan or else I am not indifferentlie vsed especiallie séeing maister attourneie dooth so presse this matter against me Go your waies Fitzwilliams the court hath nothing to doo with you peraduenture you would not be so readie in a good cause Then Iohn Fitzwilliams line 20 departed the court and was not suffered to speake Sithence this gentlemans declaration may not be be admitted I trust you of the iurie can perceiue it was not for anie thing he had to saie against me but contrariwise that it was feared he would speake for me And now to maister Arnolds depositions against me I saie I did not tell him anie such words so as if it were materiall there is but his yea and my naie But bicause the words be not sore strained against line 30 me I praie you maister atturneie why might not I haue told maister Arnold that Iohn Fitzwilliams was angrie with William Thomas and yet know no cause of the anger It might be vnderstand to disagrée oftentimes Who dooth confesse that I know anie thing of William Thomas deuise touching the quéenes death I will answer No man For maister Arnold dooth mention no word of that matter but of the displeasures betwixt them And to speake that dooth neither proue treason nor knowledge line 40 of treason Is here all the euidence against me that you haue to bring me within the compasse of the indictment Me thinke the matters confessed by others against you togither with your owne confession will weie shrewdlie But how saie you to the rising in Kent and to Wiats attempt against the quéens roiall person at hir palace Why doo you not read Wiats accusation to him which dooth make him partener to his treasons line 50 Wiat hath gréeuouslie accused you and in manie things that others haue confirmed Whatsoeuer Wiat hath said of me in hope of his life he vnsaid it at his death For since I came into this hall I heard one saie but I know him not that Wiat vpon the scaffold did not onelie purge my ladie Elizabeth hir grace and the erle of Deuonshire but also all the gentlemen in the tower saieng they were all ignorant of the sturre and commotion In which number I take my selfe line 60 Notwithstanding he said all that he had written and confessed to the councell was true Naie sir by your patience maister Wiat said not so that was maister doctors addition It appeareth you haue had good intelligence Almightie God prouided that reuelation for me this daie since I came hither for I haue bin in close prison these eight and fiftie daies where I heard nothing but what the birds told me which did flie ouer my head And now to you of my iurie I speake speciallie whome I desire to marke attentiuelie what shall be said I haue béene indicted as it appeareth and now am arreigned of compassing the queenes maiesties death of leuieng war against the quéene of taking the tower of London of deposing and depriuing the quéene of hir roiall estate and finallie to destroie hir and of adherence to the quéenes enimies Of all which treasons to proue me guiltie the quéens learned councell hath giuen in euidence these points materiall that is to saie for the compassing or imagining the quéenes death and the destruction of hir roiall person sir Nicholas Arnolds depositions which is that I should saie to the said sir Nicholas in Glocestershire that maister Iohn Fitzwilliams was angrie with William Thomas Wherevnto I haue answered as you haue heard both denieng the matter and for the proofe on my side doo take exceptions because there is no witnesse but one And neuerthelesse though it were granted the depositions proue nothing concerning the quéenes death For leuieng of warre against the quéene there is alleged my conference with sir Thomas Wiat sir Iames Crofts sir Edward Rogers sir Edward Warner Against the mariage with Spaine and the comming of the Spaniards hither which talke I doo not denie in sort as I spake it and ment it and notwithstanding the malicious gathering this daie of my conference proueth yet no leuieng of warre There is also alleged for proofe of the same article sir Iames Crofts confession which as you remember implieth no such thing but generall talke against the mariage with Spaine And of my departing westward with the earle of Deuon which the said Iames dooth not auow therefore I praie you consider it as not spoken There is also for proofe of the said article the duke of Suffolks confession with whome I neuer had conference and therefore he auouched the tale of his brothers mouth who hath made my purgation in those matters and yet if the matter were proued they be not greatlie materiall in law There is also alleged for the further proofe of the same article and for deposing and depriuing the quéene of hir roiall estate and for my adhering to the quéenes enimies Cutbert Uaughans confession whose testimonie I haue sufficientlie disprooued by sundrie authorities and circumstances and principallie by your owne law which dooth require two lawfull and sufficient witnesses to be brought face to face Also for the taking of the tower of London there is alleged Winters depositions which vttereth my misliking when he vttered vnto me sir Thomas Wiats resolution and deuise for attempting of the said péece And last of all to inforce these matters mine owne confession is ingréeued against me wherein there dooth appeare neither treason neither concelement of treason neither whispering of treason nor procurement of treason And forsomuch as I am come hither to be tried by the law though my innocencie of all these points materiall obiected be apparant to acquit me whereto I doo principallie cleaue yet I will for your better credit and satisfactions shew you euidentlie that if you would beléeue all the depositions laid against me which I trust you will not doo I ought not to be attainted of the treason comprised within my indictment considering the statute of repeale the last parlement of all treasons other than
such as be declared in the fiue and twentith yeare of king Edward the third both which statutes I pray you my lords maie be read here to the inquest No sir there shall be no bookes brought at your desire we doo all know the law sufficientlie without booke Doo you bring me hither to trie me by the law will not shew me the law What is your knowlege of the law to these mens satisfactions which haue my triall in hand I praie you my lords and my lords all let the statutes be read as well for the quéene as for me My lord chiefe iustice can shew the law and will if the iurie doo doubt of anie point You know it were indifferent that I should know and heare the law whereby I am adiudged and for asmuch as the statute is in English men of meaner learning than the iustices can vnderstand it or else how should we know when we offend You know not what belongeth to your case and therefore we must teach you it apperteineth not to line 10 vs to prouide bookes for you neither sit we here to be taught of you you should haue taken better héed to the law before you had come hither Because I am ignorant I would learne and therefore I haue more néed to sée the law and partlie as well for the instructions of the iurie as for my own satisfaction which mee thinke were for the honor of this presence And now if it please you my lord chiefe iustice I doo direct my spéech speciallie to you line 20 What time it pleased the quéenes maiestie to call you to this honorable office I did learne of a great personage of hir highnesse priuie councell that amongst other good instructions hir maiestie charged and inioined you to minister the law and iustice indifferentlie without respect of persons And notwithstanding the old error amongst you which did not admit anie witnesse to speake or anie other matter to be heard in the fauor of the aduersarie hir maiestie being partie hir highnesse pleasure was line 30 that whatsoeuer could be brought in the fauor of the subiect should be admitted to be heard And moreouer that you speciallie likewise all other iustices should not persuade themselues to sit in iudgement otherwise for hir highnesse than for hir subiect Therefore this maner of indifferent proceeding being principallie inioined by Gods commandement which I had thought partlie to haue remembred you others here in commission in the beginning if I might haue had leaue and the same also being commanded line 40 you by the quéens owne mouth me thinke you ought of right to suffer me to haue the statutes read openlie and also to reiect nothing that could be spoken in my defense and in thus dooing you shall shew your selues woorthie ministers and fit for so woorthie a mistresse You mistake the matter the queene spake those words to maister Morgan chiefe iustice of the common plées but you haue no â—ause to complaine for you haue béene suffered to talke at your pleasure line 50 What would you doo with the statute booke The iurie dooth not require it they haue heard the euidence and they must vpon their conscience trie whether you be guiltie or no so as the booke needeth not if they will not credit the euidence so apparant then they know not what they haue to doo You ought not to haue anie books read here at your appointment for where dooth arise anie doubt in the law the iudges sit here to informe the court and now you doo but spend time line 60 I pray you my lord chiefe iustice repeat the euidence for the queene and giue the iurie their charge for the prisoner will kéepe you here all daie How saie you Haue you anie more to saie for your selfe You seeme to giue and offer me the law but in verie déed I haue onelie the forme and image of the law neuerthelesse sith I cannot be suffered to haue the statutes red openlie in the booke I will by your patience gesse at them as I maie and I praie you to helpe me if I mistake for it is long since I did sée them The statute of repeale made the last parlement hath these words Be it enacted by the quéene that from henceforth none act deed or offense being by act of parlement or statute made treason petit treason or misprision of treason by words writing printing ciphering déeds or otherwise whatsoeuer shall be taken had déemed or adiudged treason petit treason but onelie such as be declared or expressed to be treason in or by an act of parlement made in the fiue and twentith yeare of Edward the third touching and concerning treasons and the declaration of treasons and none other Here may you sée this statute dooth referre all the offenses aforesaid to the statute of the fiue and twentith yeare of Edward the third which statute hath these words touching and concerning the treasons that I am indicted and arreigned of that is to saie Whosoeuer dooth compasse or imagine the death of the king or leuie warre against the king in his realme or being adherent to the kings enimies within this realme or elsewhere and be thereof probablie attainted by open déed by people of their condition shall be adiudged a traitor Now I praie you of my iurie which haue my life in triall note well what things at this daie be treasons and how these treasons must be tried and decerned that is to say by open déed which the lawes dooth at some time terme Ouert act And now I aske notwithstanding my indictment which is but matter alleged where dooth appeare the open déed of anie compassing or imagining the queenes death Or where dooth appeare anie open déed of being adherent to the quéens enimies giuing to them aid and comfort Or where dooth appeare anie open déed of taking the tower of London Why doo not you of the quéenes learned councell answer him Me thinke Throckmorton you need not haue the statutes for you haue them méetlie perfectlie You are deceiued to conclude all treasons in the statute of the fiue and twentith yeare of Edward the third for that statute is but a declaration of certeine treasons which were treasons before at the common law Euen so there dooth remaine diuerse other treasons at this daie at the common law which be expressed by that statute as the iudges can declare Neuerthelesse there is matter sufficient alleged and prooued against you to bring you within the compasse of the same statute I praie you expresse those matters that bring me within the compasse of the statute of Edward the third For the words be these And be thereof attainted by open déed By people of like condition Throckmorton you deceiue your selfe and mistake these words By people of their condition For thereby the law dooth vnderstand the discouering of your treasons
the principall and accessaries in felonie and murther be triable and punishable by the common law and so in those cases the iudges maie vse their equitie extending the determination of the fault as they thinke good but in treson it is otherwise the same being limited by statute which I saie and aduow is restreined from anie iudges construction by the maxime that I recited Your lordships doo know a case in Richard the thirds time where the procurer to counterfeit false monie was iudged a traitor and the law was as it is now Maister sergeant dooth remember you Throckmorton of an experience before our time that the law hath béene so taken and yet the procurer was not expressed in the statute but the law hath béene alwaies so taken I neuer studied the law whereof I doo much repent me yet I remember whilest penall statutes were talked of in the parlement house you the learned men of the house remembred some cases contrarie to this last spoken of And if I missreport them I praie you helpe me In the like case you speake of concerning the procurer to counterfeit false monie at one time the procurer was iudged a felon and at another time neither felon nor traitor so as some of your predecessors adiudged the procurer no traitor in the same case but leaned to their principall though some other extend their constructions too large And here is two cases with me for one against me Because you replie vpon the principall I will remember where one taking the great seale of England from one writing and putting it to another was adiudged a traitor in Henrie the fourths time and yet his act was not within the expresse words of the statute of Edward the third There be diuerse other such like cases that maie be alledged and need were I praie you my lord chiefe iustice call to your good remembrance that in the selfe same case of the seale line 10 iustice Spilman a graue well learned man since that time would not condemne the offendor but did reprooue that former iudgement by you last remembred as erronious If I had thought you had béene so well furnished in booke cases I would haue béene better prouided for you I haue nothing but I learned of you speciallie maister sergeant and of others my maisters of the law in the parlement house therefore I maie saie line 20 with the prophet Salutem ex inimicis nostris You haue a verie good memorie If the prisoner maie auoid his treasons after this maner the quéenes suretie shall be in great ieopardie For Iacke Cade the blacke smith and diuerse other traitors sometime alledging the law for them sometime they meant no harme to the king but against his councell as Wiat the duke of Suffolke and these did against the Spaniards when there was no Spaniards within the realme The duke and his brethren did mistake the law as you doo yet at line 30 length did confesse their ignorance and submitted themselues and so were you best to doo As to Cade and the blacke smith I am not so well acquainted with their treasons as you be but I haue read in the chronicle they were in the field with a force against the prince whereby a manifest act did appéere As to the duke of Suffolkes dooings they apperteine not to me And though you would compare my spéech and talke against the Spaniards to the dukes acts who assembled a force in armes it is line 40 euident they differ much I am sorie to ingréeue anie other mans dooings but it serueth me for a péece of my defense and therefore I wish that no man should gather euill of it God forbid that words and acts be thus confounded Sir William Stanleie vsed this shift that the prisoner vseth now he said he did not leuie warre against king Henrie the seauenth but said to the duke of Buckingham that in a good quarrell he would line 50 aid him with fiue hundred men and neuerthelesse Stanleie was for those words atteinted who as all the world knoweth had before that time serued the king verie faithfullie and trulie I praie you maister attorneie doo not conclude against me by blind contraries Whether you alledge Stanlies case trulie or no I know not But admit it be as you saie what dooth this prooue against me I promised no aid to maister Wiat nor to anie other The duke of Buckingham leuied warre against line 60 the king with whome Stanleie was confederat so to doo as you saie I praie you my lords that be the queens commissioners suffer not the prisoner to vse the quéenes learned councell thus I was neuer interrupted thus in my life nor I neuer knew anie thus suffered to talke as this prisoner is suffered some of vs will come no more at the barre we be thus handled Throckmorton you must suffer the quéenes learned councell to speake or else we must take order with you you haue had leaue to talke at your pleasure It is prooued that you did talke with Wiat against the comming of the Spaniards and deuised to interrupt their arriuall and you promised to doo what you could against them wherevpon Wiat being incoraged by you did leuie a force and attempted warre against the quéenes roiall person It was no treason nor no procurement of treason to talke against the comming hither of the Spaniards neither was it treason for me to saie I would hinder their comming hither as much as I could vnderstanding me rightlie as I meane it yea though you would extend it to the worst it was but words it was not treason at this daie as the law standeth And as for Wiats dooing they touch me nothing for at his death when it was no time to report vntruelie he purged me By sundrie cases remembred here by the queenes learned councell as you haue heard that procurement which did appeare none otherwise but by words and those you would make nothing hath béene of long time and by sundrie well learned men in the lawes adiudged treason And therefore your procurement being so euident as it is we maie lawfullie saie it was treason bicause Wiat performed a traitorous act As to the said alleaged forepresidents against me I haue recited as manie for me and I would you my lord chiefe iustice should incline your iudgments rather after the example of your honourable predecessors iustice Markam and others which did eschue corrupt iudgements iudging directlie and sincerelie after the law the principles in the same than after such men as swaruing from the truth the maxime and the law did iudge corruptlie maliciouslie and affectionatlie Iustice Markam had reason to warrant his dooings for it did appeare a merchant of London was arreigned and slanderouslie accused of treason for compassing and imagining the kings death he did saie he would make his sonne heire
was admonished of his physician to absteine from all swines flesh for that it was noisome for his gâ—ut and yet would not follow his counsell the physician line 30 afterward gaue warning to his steward or orderer of his diet that he should set no more porke flesh before him Wherevpon when the pope perceiued the said porke flesh to be lacking in his accustomed seruice Where said he is my porke And when his steward had answered that his physician had forbidden anie porke to be serued then the pope bursting out in great rage said in these words Bring me said he my porke flesh Al dispetto di Dio that is to saie in English In the despight of God line 40 At an other time he sitting at dinner pointing to a peacocke vpon his table which he had not touched Kéepe said he this cold peacocke for me against supper and let me sup in the garden for I shall haue ghests So when supper came and amongst other hot peacocks he saw not his cold peacocke brought to his table the pope after his woonted manner most horriblie blaspheming God fell into an extreame rage c. Wherevpon one of his cardinals sitting by line 50 desired him saieng Let not your holinesse I praie you be so mooued with a matter of so small weight Then this Iulius the pope answering againe What said he if God was so angrie for one apple that he cast our first parents out of paradise for the same whie maie not I being his vicar be angrie then for a peacocke sithens a peacocke is a greater matter than an apple Behold here good reader by this pope the holinesse of that blasphemous sée and yet thou shalt sée here what affection was borne vnto this line 60 pope here in England by the diâ—iges hearses and funerals commanded to be had and celebrated in all churches by the quéene and hir councell as may appeare by the copie of their letters here following A letter from the bishop of Winchester being lord chancellour vnto Boner bishop of London touching the celebrating of the popes funerals AFter my hartie commendations to your good lordship The king and queenes maiesties hauing certeine knowledge of the death of the popes holinesse thought good there should be as well solemne obsequies said for him throughout the realme as also these praiers which I send you herein inclosed vsed at masse times in all places at this time of vacation and therefore willed me to signifie their pleasures vnto you in this behalfe that therevpon ye might proceed to the full accomplishment therof by putting the same in due execution within your owne diocesse and sending word to the rest of the bishops to doo the like in theirs Thus doubting not but that your lordship will vse such diligence in this matter at this time as shall be necessarie I bid your lordship hartilie well to fare From my house at Asher the tenth of Aprill 1555. Your assured freend and brother Stephanus Winton Cancel Praiers commanded to be vsed in the funerall masses for the pope Apostolica sede vacante Supplicite Domine humilitate deposcimus vt tua immensa pietas sacrosanctae Romanae ecclesiae concedat pontificem illum qui pro in nos studio semper tibi gratus tuo populo pro salubri regimine sit assiduè ad gloriam tui nominis venerandus per Dominum nostrum Secreta Tuae nobis Domine pietatis abundantia indulgeat vt gratum maiestati tuae pontificem sanctae matris ecclesiae regimini praeessâ— studeamus per Dominum nostrum Post communionen Pretiosi corporis sanguinis tui Domine sacramento refectos miâ—ifica tuae maiestatis gratia de illius summi pontificis assumptione laetificet qui plebem tuam virtutibus instruat fidelium mentes spiritualium aromatum odore perfundat per Dominum nostrum Upon this commandement on wednesdaie in Easter wéeke there were hearses set vp diriges soong for the said Iulius in diuerse places At which time it chanced a woman to come into S. Magnus church at the bridgefoot in London there séeing an hearse and other preparation asked what it meant and other that stood by said that it was for the pope and that she must praie for him Naie quoth she that will I not for he néedeth not my praier and séeing he could forgiue vs all our sinnes I am sure he is clean himselfe therefore I need not to praie for him She was heard speake these words of certeine that stood by which by and by caried hir vnto the cage at London bridge and bad hir coole hir selfe there And héere saith master Fox commeth to be remembred the notable working of Gods hand vpon a certeine priest in Kent named Nightingall parson of Crondall besides Canturburie who vpon Shrouesundaie which was about the third daie of the said moneth of March and yeare of our Lord aforesaid reioising belike not a little at this alteration of religion began to make a sermon to his parishioners taking his theame out of the words of saint Iohn He that saith he hath no sinne is a lier and the trueth is not in him c. And so vpon the same verie impertinentlie declared to them all such articles as were set foorth by the popes authoritie and by the commandement of the bishops of this realme saieng moreouer vnto the people in this wise Now masters and neighbors reioise and be merrie for the prodigall sonne is come home For I know that the most part of you be as I am for I know your hearts well enough And I shall tell you what hath happened in this wéeke past I was before my lord cardinall Pooles grace and he hath made me as cleane from sinne as I was at the font stone and on thursdaie last being before him he hath appointed me to notifie I thanke him for it the same vnto you And I will tell you what it is And so reading the popes bull of pardon that was sent into England he said he thanked God that euer he had liued to sée that daie adding moreouer that he beleeued that line 10 by the vertue of that bull he was as cleane from sinne as that night that he was borne and immediatlie vpon the same fell suddenlie downe out of the pulpit and neuer stirred hand nor foot and so laie he Testified by Robert Austen of Cartham which both heard and saw the same and is witnessed also by the whole countrie round about About this time Edward Courtneie earle of Deuonshire of whom before yée haue heard how he was appointed to remaine at Fodringheie vnder line 20 safe custodie at length was set at libertie came to the court and got licence to passe the seas went into Italie where shortlie after he sickened and died within foureteene daies after his sicknesse first tooke him he was honorablie buried in Padwaie This Courtneie was the onelie sonne and heire of Henrie
notified maie sufficientlie appeare But such was the gratious and fauourable prouidence of the Lord to the preseruation not onlie of hir roiall maiestie but also the miserable and wofull state of this whole Iland and poore subiects of the same whereby the proud platforms and péeuish practises of this wretched Achitophell preuailed not but contrariwise both he and all the snares and traps of his pernicious counsell laid against an other were turned to a net to catch himselfe according to the prouerbe Malum consilium consultori pessimum After the death of this Gardiner followed the death also and dropping awaie of other hir enimies whereby by little and little hir leopardie decreased feare diminished hope of comfort began to appeare as out of a darke cloud And albeit as yet hir grace had no full assurance of perfect safetie yet more gentle interteinment dailie did grow vnto hir till at length to the moneth of Nouember and seauentéenth daie of the same three yeares after the death of Stephan Gardiner followed the death of quéene Marie as heretofore at large hath béene trulie declared Although this historie following be not directlie apperteining to the former matter yet the same maie here not vnaptlie be inserted for that it dooth discouer and shew foorth the malicious hearts of the papists towards this vertuous quéene our souereigne ladie in the time of queene Marie his sister which is reported as a truth crediblie told by sundrie honest persons of whome some are yet aliue and doo testifie the same The matter whereof is this Soone after the stirre of Wiat and the troubles that happened to this queene for that cause it fortuned one Robert Farrer a haberdasher of London dwelling neere vnto Newgate market in a certeine morning to be at the Rose tauerne from whence he was seldome absent and falling to his common drinke as he was euer accustomed and hauing in his companie thrée other companions like vnto himselfe it chanced the same time one Laurence Shiriffe grocer dwelling also not farre from thence to come into the said tauerne and finding there the said Farrer to whome of long time he had borne good will sat downe in the seat to drinke with him and Farrer hauing in his full cups and not hauing consideration who were present began to talke at large and namelie against the ladie Elisabeth and said That gill hath béene one of the chiefe dooers of this rebellion of Wiat and before all be doone she and all the heretikes hir partakers shall well vnderstand of it Some of them hope that she shall haue the crowne but she and they I trust that so hope shall hop headlesse or be fried with fagots before she come to it The aforesaid Laurence Shiriffe grocer being then seruant vnto the said ladie Elisabeth sworne vnto hir grace could no longer forbeare his old acquaintance and neighbor Farrer in speaking so vnreuerentlie of his mistresse but said to him Farrer I haue loued thée as a neighbour and haue had a good opinion of thée but hearing of thée that I now heare I defie thée and I tell thée I am hir graces sworne seruant and she is a princesse and the daughter of a noble king and it euill becommeth thée to call hir a gill and for thy so saieng I saie thou art a knaue I will complaine vpon thée Doo thy woorst said Farrer for that I said I will saie againe and so Shiriffe came from his companie Shortlie after the said Shiriffe taking an honest neighbour with him went before the commissioners to complaine the which commissioners sat then at Boner the bishop of Londons house beside Pauls and there were present Boner then being the chiefe commissioner the lord Mordant sir Iohn Baker doctor Derbishire chancellor to the bishop doctor Storie doctor Harpsfield and others The aforesaid Shiriffe comming before them declared the maner of the said Robert Farrers talke against the ladie Elisabeth Boner answered Peraduenture you tooke him woorse than he meant Yea my lord said doctor Storie if you knew the man as I doo you would saie that there is not a better catholike nor an honester man in the citie of London Well said Shiriffe my lord she is my gratious ladie and mistresse and it is not to be suffered that such a varlet as he is should call so honorable a princesse by the name of a gill and I saw yesterdaie in the court that my lord cardinall Poole méeting hir in the chamber of presence knéeled downe on his knées and kissed hir hand and I saw also that king Philip méeting hir made hir such obeisance that his knée touched the ground and then me thinketh it were too much to suffer such a varlet as this is to call hir gill and to wish them to hop headlesse that shall wish hir grace to inioie the possession of the crowne when God shall send it vnto hir as in the right of hir inheritance Yea Staie there quoth Boner When God sendeth it vnto hir let hir inioie it But trulie said he the man that spake the words that you haue line 10 reported meant nothing against the ladie Elisabeth your mistresse and no more doo we but he like an honest and zealous man feared the alteration of religion which euerie good man ought to feare and therfore said Boner good man go your waies home and report well of vs towards your mistresse and we will send for Farrer and rebuke him for his rash and vndiscréet words and we trust he will not doo the like againe And thus Shiriffe came awaie and Farrer had a flap with a fox taile Now that ye maie be fullie line 20 informed of the aforesaid Farrer whome doctor Storie praised for so good a man ye shall vnderstand that the same Farrer hauing two daughters being handsome maidens the elder of them for a summe of monie he himselfe deliuered vnto sir Richard Cholmleie to be at his commandement the other he sold to a knight called sir William Gooddolphin to be at his commandement whome he made his lackie and so carried hir with him being apparelled in mans apparell to Bullongne and the said Farrer line 30 followed the campe He also was a great and a horrible blaphemer of God and a common accuser of honest and quiet men also a common drunkard And now I referre the life of these catholiks to your iudgement to thinke of them as you please But of this matter enough and too much Now let vs returne where we left before which was at the death of queene Marie After whose deceasse succéeded hir foresaid sister ladie Elisabeth into the right of the crowne of England who after so long line 40 restreinement so great dangers escaped such blusterous stormes ouerblowne so manie iniuries digested and wrongs susteined by the mightie protection of our mercifull God to our no small comfort and commoditie hath béene exalted and erected out of thrall to
electus est Quod Bonifacius Cantuariensis archiepisc indignè tulit episcopis prouinciae suae cōuocatis in difficilimis quibusdam nodosis quaestionibus per Lincolniēsem episcopum compositis seriò examinauit deinde electione rescissa hunc Robertum repulit Richardum quendam de Wiz loco suo incōsulto rege substituit Next writeth Matthew Westminster that in the yeare of Christ 1233 being the seuentéenth of Henrie the third the nobilitie accused manie of the kings councellors amongst whome they placed Robertum Passelew thesaurarium Againe line 20 a little after he saith Et sic abscondit se iterum Robertus Passelew qui post Walterum Carleolensem officium thesaurarij administrauerat Of whose death Matthew Paris writeth thus Eodem quoque anno which was 1252 being the fiue and thirtith yeere of Henrie the third octauo idus Iunij obijt apud Waltham Robertus Passelew archidiaconus Lewis c whome I will here leaue although not in that place in which he should come if I had once resolued with my selfe that he had beene treasuror of England But because I had to speake line 30 of him with Peter de Riuallis I thought here in one place to set downe what I had read of them both and so to ioine them after their death which were so fast ioined in offices during their liues Hugh Pateshull treasuror of the excheker which was treasuror of the gréene wax or of the seale was also treasuror to the king in the eightéenth and ninetéenth yeare of his reigne and after made iustice of all England as Matthew Paris hath set downe in these words Rex autēfretus consilio saniori in the yere of line 40 Christ 1234 being the 18 yéere of Henrie the third Hugonem de Pateshull clericum filium videlicet Simonis de Pateshull quiquandóque habenas moderabatur totius regni iusticiarij virum fidelem honestum loco praedictorum which were Stephan Segraue chéefe iustice of England and Peter de Riuallis treasuror subrogauit Administrauerat enim idem Hugo officium scaccarij antea laudabiliter secundum quod appellatur secretum sigillum custodiendo definitam pecuniam à vicecomitibus recipiendo quare plenior fides est ei adhibita paterna fidelitate testimoniū line 50 fidei perhibente He was confirmed bishop of Couentrie in the yéere of Christ one thousand two hundred and fortie being the 24 yere of Henrie the third who hauing bin the kings tresuror before did now with great solemnitie take his leaue of the barons of the excheker with teares and they all rose vp and kissed him Of whose election in the yeare of our Lord one thousand two hundred thirtie and nine to that bishoprike thus further writeth the said Matth. touchching the moonks of Couentrie Eligerunt secundum line 60 praedictam formam dominum Hugonem de Pateshull c canonicum sancti Pauli London domini regis cancellariū in episcopum custodem animarum suarum Concerning whome I collected this note out of the register of Westminster that Philip Coleuille knight the sonne of William Coleuille the sonne of Agnes Foliot gaue to Richard abbat of Westminster all his part of the inheritance which was Robert Foliots brother to the said Agnes in Langden Morton and Chalneie witnesses Rafe bishop of Chichester chancellor and Hugh Pateshull treasuror in the ninetéenth yeare of the reigne of Henrie the third which Pateshull Matthew Westminster in the yeere of Grace 1234 calleth Summum thesaurarium Galfridus Templarius whome some will haue treasuror but by what reson I cannot conceiue as yet and therefore will not obstinatlie reiect him nor hastilie receiue him into this place of the treasuror of this man is more spoken amongst the chancellors William Hauerhull a canon of Paules church in London was made treasuror to king Henrie the third the yere of our redemption one thousand two hundred and fortie being the foure and twentith yeare of the reigne of the said Henrie in which place he continued in the eight and twentith yeare of the said Henrie the third being the yeare of our redemption 1244. He died at London in the yeare one thousand two hundred fiftie two being the six and thirtith yeare of the reigne of king Henrie the third as saith the addition to Matthew Paris fol. 1128 after which the said author fol. 1226 laied his death in the yeere of Christ 1256 being the 39 yeare of king Henrie the third such error is crept into histories by the negligence of the transcriber but I suppose the first note of his death to be the truer because the same is confirmed by Matth. West speaking in the said yeare 1252 of the death of this man for whose epitaph these folowing verses were made Hîc iacet Hauerhulle iaces protothesaurarie regis Hinc Hauerhulle gemis non paritura talem Fercula culta dabas empyrea vina pluebas A modo sit Christus cibus esca tibi I haue also read a note of one William Hauerhull which might be this man which saith that William Hauerhull the sonne of Brithmarus de Hauerhull gaue houses in Cheapeside to the abbeie of Westminster and that one Thomas de Hauerhull was the sonne and heire of William Hauerhull Richard de Barking abbat of Westminster as witnesseth the liues of the abbats was one especiall councellor to Henrie the third chéefe baron of the excheker and treasuror of England who I suppose did follow William Hauerhull For his death which happened on the thrée and twentith daie of Nouember in the thirtith yeare of king Henrie the third in the yeare of Christ 1246 after that he had béene abbat foure and twentie yéeres must needs prooue him to be treasuror before Philip Louell yea and peraduenture as is most likelie before Hugh Pateshull Yet Matthew Paris speaking of the death of Hauerhull will néeds haue Philip Louell to succéed William Hauerhull as after shall appéere This Richard de Barking was buried in Westminster church before the midle of the altar in our ladie chapell in a toome of marble which after in the time of William Colchester abbat of that place was pulled downe by frier Combe a sacrist of that house of Westminster who laied a faire plaine marble stone ouer him with this present epitaph thus inscribed Richardus Barking prior post inclytus abbas Henrici regis prudens fuit iste minister Huius erat prima laus insula rebus opima Altera laus éque Thorp census Ocham decimequ◠Tertia Mortone castrum simili ratione Et regis quarta de multis commoda charta Clementis festo mundo migrauit abisto M. Domini C. bis xl sextóque sub anno Cui detur venia parte pia virgo Maria. Philip Luuell or Louell was in this order aduanced to the office of treasuror as appeereth by these words of Matthew Paris vpon the death of Williliam Hauerhull Et cùm crederetur quòd dominus rex
continued vntill about the eleuenth yeare of Edward the third and was after that iustice treasuror and chancellor and did in the common place being chancellor sit and argue amongst the iustices as appeareth in the law bookes of those line 10 yeares of Edward the third of whom is last mention made in the seuentéenth yeare of Edward the third where he is named chancellor Robert de Saddington knight was inuested with the dignitie of lord chancellor after the death of Perning in the yeare of Christ 1343 and the seuenteenth yeare of the often mentioned king Edward the third There was also one sir Richard Saddington knight treasuror of England of whome I haue spoken in my discourse of the lord treasurors line 20 Iohn Offord or Ufford deane of Lincolne was made chancellor of England in the yeare of our redemption 1345 being the nineteenth yeare of king Edward the third He was elected to be bishop of Canturburie and so was installed but neuer receiued the pall He died in the moneth of Maie in the yeare of Christ 1349 being the three and twentith yeare of the reigne of that victorious king Edward which neuer receiued greater honour than that he was father vnto Edward surnamed the Blacke line 30 prince the flower of chiualrie and woorthie conquerour of the French dominions Iohn Thorsbie bishop of Worcester archbishop of Yorke and cardinall was installed in the seat of the lord chancellor in the yeare that God became man one thousand thrée hundred fortie and nine being the thrée and twentith yeare of that king Edward the third so often before recited who at his great sute was discharged of the office of chancellor by deliuerie of the great seale in Nouember in the line 40 thirtith yeare of the said king being the yeare of Christ one thousand thrée hundred fiftie and six after that he had kept that place by the space almost of seauen yeres He in the tenth yeare of his bishoprike in the third calends of August began the frame of the quéeâ—e of S. Peters church in Yorke laid the first stone therof to which he gaue a hundred pounds He died at Thorpe and was buried at Yorke in the yere of Christ 1363 or as other haue 1373 after that he had béene archbishop one and twentie yeares and line 50 one and twentie daies William de Edington bishop of Winchester lord treasuror of England was made chancellor of this realme in Nouember in the said yeare of Christ 1356 and the thirtith yeare of the reigne of that king Edward which at Sauoie in England kept king Iohn of France his prisoner Sée more of him in the treasurors of England Simon Langham abbat of Westminster bishop line 60 of Elie archbishop of Canturburie and lord treasuror of England was made lord chancellor in Februarie in the yeare of our redemption one thousand thrée hundred sixtie and three being the seauen and thirtith yeare of the gouernment of king Edward the third and was chancellor in the fortith yere of the reigne of that king being the yeare of Christ one thousand thrée hundred sixtie and thrée Of this Simon were these verses made when he was remoued from Elie to the bishoprike of Canturburie Exultent coeli quia Simon transit ab Eli Cuius in aduentum flent in Kent millia centum Of whome also bicause he richlie indowed the abbeie of Westminster with great gifts of singular cost value a certeine moonke compiled these verses Res es de Langham tua Simon sunt data quondam Octingentena librarum millia dena Of this man is more spoken in the former discourse or treatise of the lord treasurors of England William de Wikeham so called of the place of his birth was by surname from his parents called Perot and Long whome Lelâ—nd maketh treasuror of England which by anie possible meanes cannot be so for anie thing that I can yet learne This man being bishop of Winchester and aduanced to that place in the yeare of Christ one thousâ—nd thrée hundred sixtie and seuen in the one and fortith yeare of the reigne of Edward the third in which place he sat seauen and thirtie yeares was sometime kéeper of the priuie seale and made also chancellor of England in the yeare that the virgine brought foorth the first begotten sonne one thousand three hundred sixtie and seauen being the one and fortith yeare of the gouernement of the foresaid Edward the third in which office he remained about foure yeares and in March in the yeare of Christ one thousand thrée hundred seauentie and one being the fiue and fortith of king Edward the third did deliuer vp the great seale to the king at Westminster He was buried in the bodie of Winchester church which he new built with the other places about it of whome were these verses composed for the building of his colleges the one at Oxenford and the other at Winchester Hunc docet esse pium fundatio collegiorum Oxoniae primum stat Wintoniaeque secundum Robert Thorpe knight being before iustice of the law in the yeare of our Lord one thousand three hundred and seauentie was after at Westminster aduanced to the chancellorship in March the fiue fortith yeare of king Edward the third being the yeare of our redemption as is before said one thousand thrée hundred seauentie and one who going home to his owne house left the great seale with foure of the gardians or maisters of the chancerie wherof the one was called Walter Powre to kéepe and vse as néed required Sir Iohn Kniuet or Kniuell as some books haue by the transcriber corrupted was made chancellor of England in Iulie in the yeare of Christ one thousand thrée hundred seauentie and two being the six and fortith yeare of king Edward the third in which office he continued as I for this time doo gather vntill the fiftith yeare of the said king Edward in which yeare as heere at hand appeareth came in place of the bishop of S. Dauids Adam de Houghton bishop of Meneuia or of Saint Dauids in Wales was aduanced to the office of lord chancellor in the yeare of our redemption 1376 being the fiftith yeare of king Edward the third who in the one and fiftith yeare of the said king was with the earle of Salisburie and the bishop of Hereford sent ambassador beyond the seas ¶ And here I thinke it not amisse to set downe the originall of the rolles in chancerie lane in this sort Henrie the third did build a house for the Iewes conuerted to the faith of Christ which house is at this daie hath béene long before this time appointed for the kéeping of the kings rolles and records being now called and knowne by the name of the rolles in chancerie lane besides Lincolns inne In which house the maister of the rolles for the time being hath a goodlie and statelie lodging In which also there is a faire chappell
life of his father giuen great proofe of continuance to descend to their posteritie in that he in these his yoong yeares hath beene after his trauell ouer the most part of Europe twise imploied in ambassages for the seruice of his countrie first to the king of Portingall now to the king of Scots with whome I will at this time set end to this discourse of the Woottons On the one and twentith daie of Iune Henrie Persie earle of Northumberland prisoner in the Tower of London vpon vehement suspicion of high treason was there found dead and also of his owne diuelish intent and of his malice before pretended to haue murthered himselfe as more manifestlie and at large may appeare by an inquisition made by a substantiall iurie taken before the coroner as followeth verbatim with the record ¶ A copie of the said inquisition AN inquisition taken at the citie of London that is within the tower of London in the parish of Alhallowes Barking in the ward of the Tower of London on Mondaie being the one and twentith daie of Iune in the yeare of the reigne of our souereigne ladie Elisabeth by the grace of God quéene of England France and Ireland defendor of the faith c the seuen and twentith before William Squier gentleman coroner to our said souereigne ladie the quéene within the citie of London and the liberties of the same vpon the view of the bodie of Henrie Persie knight late earle of Northumberland late prisoner there within the Tower of London aforesaid for suspicion of high treason by him supposed to be doone there lieng dead and slaine by the othes of Nicholas Whéeler Simon Horssepoole Thomas Gardener William Leaueson Owen Morgan Henrie Lodge William Abraham William Horne Thomas Russell Iohn Porter Robert Dowe Anthonie Hall William Curtis Thomas Wood Matthew Dolman Thomas Martin Richard Sleford Iohn Trot Philip Smith Thomas Tailor and Henrie Bowdler of good and lawfull men of the same ward and of thrée other wards to the same ward next adioining as the maner and custome is in the citie aforesaid to inquire how in what maner and when the said Henrie Persie late earle of Northumberland came to his death Which iurie doo saie vpon their oths that on the line 10 one twentith daie of this instant moneth of Iune in the yeare of the reigne of our souereigne ladie Elisabeth by the grace of God quéene of England France and Ireland defendor of the faith c the seuen and twentith aforesaid and long before the foresaid Henrie late earle of Northumberland prisoner in the Tower of London situat in the parish of Alhallows Barking aforesaid in the ward of the Tower of London aforesaid for suspicion of high treason aforesaid by him against our souereigne ladie line 20 the quéene supposed to be committed and the foresaid earle so remaining prisoner and being placed in a certeine chamber within the Tower of London aforesaid there prisoner remaining imagining and intending himselfe diuelishlie and feloniouslie to kill and murther before the foresaid one twentith daie of Iune that is to saie the sixtéenth daie of Iune in the seuen and twentith yeare aforesaid did prepare a certeine dag of iron and stéele of the value of ten shillings and also certeine bullets of lead and a certeine quantitie of gunpowder conteined in a line 30 certeine small box and caused the foresaid gun the bullets of lead and the gunpowder to be brought into the foresaid chamber vnto him the same earle of Northumberland and to be deliuered to the same earle then and there by the hands of Iames a Price yeoman to execute his diuelish and felonious purpose and intention Which dag aforesaid the foresaid earle caused secretlie to be hidden in a certeine mattris vnder the bolster of his bed in the chamber aforesaid and line 40 then and there the foresaid one and twentith daie of Iune in the seuen and twentith yeare aforesaid betwéene the houres of twelue and one in the night of the foresaid one and twentith daie of Iune thinking and intending to prosecute and follow his diuelish intention and purpose aforesaid did bolt the doore of the foresaid chamber and the inner part of his said chamber towards himselfe least anie man should foresée or withstand his diuelish felonious and malicious intent and the said doore of his foresaid line 50 chamber being so bolted the same earle then and there into his bed himselfe did laie and vpon this afterward that is to saie the foresaid one and twentith daie of Iune in the seuen twentith yeare aforesaid about the houres aforesaid within the Tower of London aforesaid situat and being in the parish of Alhallows Barking aforesaid in the ward of the Tower of London aforesaid not hauing the almightie God or his feare before his eies but being moued and seduced by the instigation of the diuell of his line 60 malice afore pretended did take vp into his hands the foresaid dag of iron and stéele then and there made readie charged with gunpowder and thrée bullets of lead and the foresaid dag to the left part of his breast neere vnto the pappe of the same part of his brest then and there feloniouslie and diuelishlie did put and vpon the same part of his brest the foresaid dag did discharge By reason of the violence of which gunpowder and of the foresaid thrée bullets of lead the foresaid earle into his bodie and heart and through his chine-bone euen into his right shoulder himselfe then and there with the foresaid bullets of lead feloniouslie and voluntarilie did strike giuing vnto himselfe then and there one mortall wound of the depth of twelue inches and of the bredth of two inches of which mortall wound aforesaid the foresaid earle within the Tower of London aforesaid the daie yeare parish and ward aforesaid instantlie died And so the iurie dooth saie vpon their oths aforesaid that the foresaid earle the daie yeare and place aboue written of his diuelish intent aforesaid and of his malice before pretended feloniouslie and voluntarilie himselfe did kill and murther in manner and forme aforesaid against the peace of our souereigne ladie the quéene hir crowne and dignitie But what goods and cattels the foresaid earle in the time of the felonie and murther to himselfe aforesaid committed had or as yet hath the iurie knew not c in witnesse whereof c. ¶ This was the verdict of the iurors wherby the manner how and the matter whereby the earle dispatched himselfe is trulie declared which being taken for truth as deseruing no lesse the parties welworthie of credit it remained to prouide for the bestowing of his wretched carcase which on the thrée and twentith daie of Iune was buried in saint Peters church within the said Tower of London This was the end of that gracelesse earle the manner of whose murther and part of his treasons are here dilated as the same was publikelie
of them were likewise arreigned at Westminster who pleading not giltie were tried by a iurie found giltie and had iudgement accordinglie The effect of whose treasons shortlie to touch them were these Iohn Sauage remaining long in France at Rheims was persuaded by doctor Gilbert Gifford that great honor should redound to him if he would take in hand to change religion to inuade the realme by forren power to dispossesse the quéene of England and to proclame the Scotish queene and set hir in hir place All which Sauage promised to doo or else to lose his life and therevpon returned into England where he imparted his purpose to Anthonie Babington requiring his aid therein Then Iohn Ballard préest also persuaded the said Babington to the purpose before expressed promising him aid of threescore thousand men that secretlie should be landed and told him both how when as he thought Wherevpon Babington promised and concluded to make a slaughter vpon the councell of hir maiestie in the Starchamber then to haue sacked London to haue burned the nauie and chéefest ships to kill or displace the lords knights and magistrats that remained true subiects to our right lawfull quéene and realme and also to haue cloied and poisoned the greatest ordinance c. These were their purposes Now touching the names of the traitors their behauiours and speaches with the maner of their executions you shall vnderstand that vpon the twentith daie of September being tuesdaie Iohn Ballard a preest and first persuader of Babington to these odious treasons was laid alone vpon an hurdell and six others two and two in like sort all drawne from Tower hill through the citie of London vnto a field at the vpper end of Holborne hard by the high waie side to saint Giles in the field where was erected a scaffold for their execution a paire of gallows of extraordinarie hight as was that wherevpon haughtie Haman was hanged for his ambition c the place likewise so railed to kéepe off horssemen as the people might plainelie see the execution On the first daie the traitors were placed vpon the scaffold that the one might behold the reward of his fellowes treason Ballard the preest who was the first brocher of this treason was the first that was hanged who being cut downe according to iudgement was dismembred his bellie ript vp his bowels and traitorous heart taken out throwne into the fire his head also seuered from his shoulders was set on a short stake vpon the top of the gallows and the trunke of his bodie quartered and imbrued in his owne bloud wherewith the executioners hands were bathed and some of the standers by but to their great loathing as not able for their liues to auoid it such was the throng beesprinkled This Ballard at the verie time of his death not denieng his treason died an obstinate papist and in his protestation doubtfullie said that If he had offended the queens maiestie or anie man else he was sorie and so conditionallie desired forgiuenesse The malicious affection of his heart towards hir highnesse appeared in the trembling passage of death that whereas his treasons were impious odious and damnable as the most wicked to wit his confederats for the most part confessed as the common fame goeth that they excéeded the greatnesse of hir maiesties mercie which maie not be measured where there is anie measure in offending And yet in his desire of remission at hir highnesse hands he added this condition If as one that doubted if he had offended hir person Next vnto this préest Anthonie Babington was made readie to the gallowes who in euerie point was handled like vnto Ballard in whome a signe of his former pride was to be obserued For whereas the rest through the cogitation of death were exercised in praier vpon their knées and bare-headed he whose turne was next stood on his féet line 10 with his hat on his head as if he had béene but a beholder of the execution Concerning his religion he died a papist His treasons were so odious as the sting of conscience compelled him to acknowledge himselfe a most gréeuous trespasser against the diuine maiestie and the quéens highnesse Next vnto Babington Sauage was likewise prepared for the execution This notable traitor as the fame goeth was the man that conferred with doctor Gifford at Paris and by the confirmations of the line 20 English fugitiues at Rhemes was resolued and resolutelie determined to kill the quéene It is likewise said that vpon the apprehension of Ballard the préest Babington accellerated and hastened this Sauage to dispatch his resolution and that he onelie deferred the matter for the making of a court-like sute of apparell When Sauage was executed Barnewell was made readie to die an obstinat papist who for his treason made conscience his best excuse howbeit a line 30 rotten conscience which was infected with the murther of a vertuous quéene which sith it was so bad few there were that heard him but forbad their conscience to pitie him otherwise than charitablie to be sorowfull for his offense deseruing so shamefull a fall and damnable before God and man After this Barnewell Tichborns turne was serued a proper yoong gentleman whose humilitie and mone moued much compassion Tilneie one of the queens maiesties pensioners next vnto Tichborne made worke for the hangman a wretch well worthie of line 40 death who went about to take awaie hir highnesse life The last of these seuen that suffered was Edward Abington whose father was an officer of good credit in hir highnesse house and for manie aduancements was bound to saie God saue good Q. Elisabeth But his sonne was a notable papist an archtraitor who at his death did all that in him laie to fix a feare in the hearts of the ignorant multitude with this speech that there could not choose but be great effusion of bloud in England verie shortlie But line 50 Gods prouidence maketh it apparant that the prophesies of traitors prooue not euermore scripture For Throgmorton the traitor said that before one yeare was expired the prosperitie peace of England should be turned into generall calamitie Howbeit the date of that diuination is out they both as maie béetide the rest of that rebellious rout in their appointed time by Gods grace partakers of semblable destinie This Abington was the last of the first seuen that were executed and thus ended line 60 that daies worke to the comfort of Israell for that the execrable thing which troubled the whole land and highlie offended the diuine maiestie was taken awaie On the daie following according to generall expectation being the one and twentith daie of September Salisburie was laid alone vpon an hurdell and other six two and two in like maner all drawne from Tower hill through the citie of London vnto the former place of execution Salisburie was the first
in roialtie adorned with crowne and scepter to the sucking babe lieng in the cradle wrapped in swathing clouts Which extremities of butcherlie crueltie and vnnaturall sauagenesse haue had an ancient purpose of practise as maie appeare by a clause or two of Iohn Nichols his recantation where speaking of Pius Quintus excommunicating our liege souereigne he saith that the same was within a twelue moneth of the first publication reuiued and fiue hundred copies printed at Rome which were dispersed throughout Italie Spaine Germanie Whereof what were the contents is at large set downe in the treatise of execution of iustice in England for treason not for religion But thus saith the same conuert that a reader of diuinitie positiue in the hearing of two hundred scholers vomited these prophane words out of his vncircumcised mouth that it was lawfull for anie of worship in England to authorise the vilest wretch that is to séeke the death of hir highnesse whose prosperous estate the Italish préest and Spanish prince doo so maligne that they would worke woonders were it not for certeine impedits as father Pais a Spaniard reader of diuinitie scholasticall in the Romane college affirmed in an auditorie of thrée hundred saieng Bona papae voluntas trita manifesta est eius crumena parata sed R. P. aut metus subtrahit aut potestatis defectus vetat vt suum in Angliam exercitum ducere non audeat Where by the waie would be noted an inuasion long since pretended And that the quéens maiesties estate was then maliciouslie aimed at maie appeare by these comminations and threats that they would burne hir bones and the bones of all such as loued hir either aliue or dead of whome some were lords temporall some spirituall c. Memorandum that this was to be doone when they held the sterne of gouernement which shall be when errant traitors are good subiects and ranke knaues honest men And now to touch the punishment inflicted vpon the foresaid wretches there is none if he be not a sworne aduersarie to the state and an enimie to iustice but must néeds confesse that although some of the conspirators were no lesse sharpelie executed than by law was censured yet considering the qualitie of their offense it was a death tempered with lenitie if no more but the spéedines of their execution be considered whereby their paine and smart was but momentanie Oh with what seueritie did the ancients punish offenses of this nature And not without cause For besides that nothing is more vsuall in all the whole scriptures than prohibition to kill or to séeke the life or honor not onelie of the prince but also of inferior magistrats although they be wicked and it is said in Exodus Thou shalt not raile vpon the iudges neither speake euill of the ruler of the people so is it prouided by the laws of nations that not onelie he that hath killed his souereigne but he also that made the attempt that gaue counsell that yeelded consent that conceiued the thought is giltie of high treason Yea he that was neuer preuented nor taken in the maner in this point of the souereigne the law accounteth him as condemned alreadie and iudgeth him capable of death that thought once in times past to haue seized vpon the life of his prince anie repentance that followed notwithstanding And trulie there was a gentleman of Normandie who confessed to a Franciscane frier that he once minded to haue killed king Francis the first but repented him of that euill thought The frier gaue him absolution but yet afterwards informed the king of the same who sent the gentleman to the parlement at Paris there to be tried where he was by common consent condemned to die and after executed Amongst the Macedonians there was a law that condemned to death fiue of their next kinsfolks that were conuicted of conspiracie against their prince And most notable is the historie of Romilda who seeing hir towne or citie besieged by a barbarous king but yet youthfull and wanton she signified vnto the enimie by messengers that she would betraie the citizens into his hands if he would honour hir with mariage Which when the king had promised to doo she in the night season opened the gates and the people vnwitting and ignorant let in forren force Now the king being entered in possession commanded that the towne should be sacked and all the people slaughtered Romilda excepted the vse of whose bodie for his oth sake which he was loth to violat he had the same night as in wedlocke howbeit the next daie he cast hir off and betooke hir to twelue scullions by turns to be abused lastlie pitcht hir vpon a stake line 10 Here you haue examples in both sexes man and woman of treason and conspiracie most seuerelie executed which if they be compared vnto the sufferings of our late offendors Iesu what ods shall we sée and confesse And as the ancients had treason in mortall hatred so could they not awaie with ingratitude as maie be obserued by the laws of Draco which were said to be written in bloud they were so sharpe and peremptorie amongst which there was a commandement that if anie man had line 20 receiued a benefit of his neighbor and it were prooued against him long after that he had beene vnthankefull for it and had ill acknowledged the good turne receiued such a one should be put to death So then we sée how in old time they opposed their affections against particular vices persecuting them with seueritie as laboring to supplant them this age of ours beholdeth ingratitude and treason combined with a fowle nest of other irkesome and noisome sins in the hearts of helbounds for we line 30 maie not vouchsafe them the name of men breathing out the vapors of their venemous infection to the damnifieng of the whole commonwelth what fauour then deserue such to find where they haue offended or rather what rigor are they not worthie to suffer Among the Locrians there was a strict decrée that euerie citizen desirous to bring in a new law should come and declare it publikelie before the people with a halter about his necke to the end that line 40 if his new law was not thought méet to be receiued and verie profitable for the commonwelth he might presentlie be strangled with the same rope If they in old time went so short a waie to worke in a case of vnaduisednesse to teach others that they vndertake nothing without mature deliberation what are we taught to be conuenient for such as breake not their wits either to deuise or prefer new laws but indeuor what they can to dissolue all law and order all peace and societie all gouernment and line 50 subiection and by the impulsion of a furious mind to let in libertie contempt and all the enormities and abuses that accompanie a licentious life To let passe the pluralitie of examples
death bed 708 b 30 50 c. Deceaseth his issue male and female 710 a 20 c. Edward the fift his comming to London 716 b 50. He and his brother murthered in the Towre note 734 b 20 c 735 all Edward the sixt borne 944 a 10 Proclamed king of England rideth through London to Westminster crowned 979 a 10 b 10 30. His letter to the citizens of London 1059 a 10. He rideth through London 1060 b 40. His princelie spéech to doctor Ridleie after his sermon made of mercie charitie 1081 b 60. His message to the rebels of Cornewall and Deuonshire 1003 b 60 1004 a 10. Founder of the hospitals in London 1082 b 30. His victories against the Scots 1161 b 10. His feare and mistrust of thrée mariages which fell out to be true he falieth sicke dieth 1083 b 20 30 60. His praiseworthie qualities and death reuealed 1084 a 30 c b 10. His buriall 1089 a 50. Counterfeited and the partie executed 1127 a 40 c b 10 Edward created prince 365 a 40. Made knight 660 b 60. Setteth forward into the holie land 274 b 60. Traitorouslie wounded 275 a 20 Getteth diuerse castels 266 a 60. Escapeth a danger 269 b 50. He and the earle of Glocester not suffred to come within the citie of London 262 b Euill intreated in manie places 262 b 60. Goeth against the Welshmen 264 a 10. Receiueth the crosse 274 a 40. Taketh monie out of the treasurie of the temple 264 a 60. Arriueth at Acres in danger to be slaine by treason 275 a 20. Hath the rule of London he appointeth the maior shiriffes 274 b 20. Sent to the king of Castile 249 b 50. He marrieth the ladie Elenor daughter to king Aâ—fonse b 60. Created prince of Wales 250 a 10. His wife commeth to London 252 a 50. Pursueth the Londoners 268 a 10. Imprisoned for riot 313 b 30. Made knight and sent into Scotland 314 a 30. Goeth ouer into Gascoigne 382 b 50. His procéedings in Aquitane 383 b 20 c. Two bishops sent vnto him from the pope 383 b 50 c 384 a 10 c. His first sonne borne 397 a 60. And duke of Aquitaine 332 a 40. Sent into France 336 a 60. Inuadeth the French dominions 387 a 10 His order where he came his feats of armes the passages stopped against him he returneth lodgeth in the towne of Remorentius he is followed by the French king 387 all Contenied to come to a parlée his offer his exhortation to his soldiors when he saw he must néeds fight 388 a 60 b 10 60. Noblemen that were with him the number of his armie both powers ioine issue 389. He obteineth the victorie his méeke oration to the French king his prisoner he returneth to Burdeaux bringeth the French king ouer into England 390 a 10 b 20 60. Made lord warden of the realme 339 b 20. Setteth forward into Spaine 398 a 20. He passeth into Guien 395 b 60. Put to his shifts for default of monie he returneth into Gascoigne constreined to burden his subiects with a sore subsidie 400 a 10 30 b 30. Appealed to appéere before the French king 401 a 10. His answer a letter published by him to appease the Gescoignes b 40. Diseased with sicknesse 402 b 20. Deceaseth buried at Canturburie his death grieuouslie taken 410 b 50 60. Returneth out of France into England 406 a 60. Married to the erle of Warwikes daughter 674 b 60. Taken in flight he is murthered 688 a 60 b 20 Edward called the Blacke prince borne 348 b 20 Edward the third son of Henrie the seuenth christened 788 a 10 Edwin earle of Northumberland withdraweth from the battell against duke William 1 a 30. His lands giuen to Alane earle of Britaine 7. Reconciled to king William 9 b 40. He and Edgar Etheling resist duke William and his Normans 6 a 10. He Marchar submit themselues to duke William 1 a 50. Slaine of his owne soldiors 10 a 50. ¶ Sée Marchar Egelsin abbat ¶ Sée Stigand Egelsin abbat of S. Augustine his martiall mind vnpatient of forced seruitude 1 b 50 2 a 10 Egelwine abbat of Euesham â— warrior 11 a 50 Egelwinus bishop of Durham flieth from Durham note 7 b 60. In armes against duke William taken prisoner and famished to death 10 a 40 50 Egmond countie lieutenant generall for king Philip in the low countries his valiant onset vpon the French 1150 a 60 b 20 Egremond knight a capteine rebell 769 b 50. Flieth into Flanders 770 a 10 Egremond lord Persie 647 b 30 committed to Newgate his escape 645 b 60 Election choise of thrée things 284 b 60 Elenor countesse of Britaine deceaseth 228 b 60 Elenor prince Edwards wife commeth to London 252 a 60 Elenor K. Henrie the seconds daughter married to the king of Castile 98 b 30 Elenor Cobham accused of treson note 622 b 60 623. a 10. ¶ Sée Marriage and Quéene Elephant sent to Henrie the third from the French king 252. a 30. Two presented to the pope note 837 b 10 Elie held against Henrie the third 273 a 50. Spoiled the church note 190 a 40 Elisabeth second daughter to king Henrie the eight prisoner in the Towre she hath heauie enimies of the clergie 1101 b 10 c 1102 a 10 20 c. Hir bloud thirsted after by Gardiner hir life preserued by master Briges lieutenant of the Towre 1130 b 20 30. The whole storie of hir troubles in the daies of quéene Marie and how she was preserued notable to read 1151 b 50 60 1152 1153 1154 1155. Deliuered out of the Towre hir words to Beningfield knight hir kéeper in the time of durance 1117 b 40. Proclamed quéene the same daie that Marie died 1160 a 40. And the ladie Anne of Cléeue ride togither in a rich chariot 1091 a 30. ¶ Sée Quéene Elisabeth wife to Henrie the seuenth hir birth 668 b 50 Elisabeth Barton hir practises discouered with hir adherents she is attainted becommeth a nun 936 a 20 b 10 60. Bishops giue credit to hir hipocriticall dooings she is executed hir confession at hir death 937 a 10 20 30 Emmanuell college at Cambridge founded 1396 a 10 c. Emperor Adulfe breaketh promise with the king of England and the earle of Flanders 304 b 60 Emperor of Constantinople commeth into England 239 b 60 519 a 20 Emperor Ferdinand deceaseth foretelleth the vttermost daie of his death his goodlie issue male and female 1208 a 10 20 30 Emperor Charles preparation for receiuing of him into England 853 a 50. Landeth in England méeteth with Henrie the eight at Douer laboureth to hinder the purposed interuiew betwéene Henrie the eight and the French K saileth into Flanders 856 a 40 b 60 a 20. Commeth to Calis to K Henrie the eight 861 b 20. His interteimnent note b 30 c. And the French king at wars 781 a 10 Landeth at Douer he and Henrie the eight sweare each to other
Earle Pledges that duke William led ouer with him into Normandie 5 a 10. Scotish appointed to passe into England 1187. b 40. ¶ See Hostages Plentie and abundance note 284. a 40. And dearth 11â—3 a 30. Of vittels but scarsitie of monie 353. a 10. See Uittels Plimmouth burnt 355. a 60. Pocks wherof manie died 397. b 50. Poâ—r Ranulfe slaine 106 a 20. Poictiers battell when it was 390. a 10 Poictouins reuolt from king Iohn 164 b 10. Send king Henrie the third word of their readines to reuolt from the French king 207. a 10. Suspected to haue poisoned the English lords 259. b 50. Discomfited 217. b 40 Poinings knight lieutenant of Turnaie 825. a 10. Discharged of keeping it 837. b 40 A valiant captaine sent into Flanders 772. a 60. Sent into Ireland with an armie his valiantnes and successe 779. a 60. b 10. c. His decease 969 b. 20. Poisoning a woman burnt for it at Tunbridge 1262. a 60. And also at Maidstone 1226.40 Punished with boiling to death in hot water 926. b 60. Practised and the parties punished with standing on the pillorie 1258. b. 40. For the which a wench was burnt in Smithfield 1434 b 10. And execution for the same 259. b 60. 260. a 10. Bewraied by the sweating of pretious stones 194. b 20. Of earle Scot of Chester with his wife 220 b 60. Of the earle of Deuonshire 646. b 60. In Italie practised note 795. a 10. c. Polander ¶ See Albertus de Lasco Policie whereby Compiegne was surrendered to the English 587. a 60. Of the Parisions to outreach the duke of Bedford 586. a 6. Of the French in taking Ponâ— de Larch 629. a 20. In buieng peace of the English 700. b 10. c. Of Edward the fourth against his enimies 684 a 50. Of Richard the third mischiefous and incestuous note 350. a 60. Ungratious tending to the slaughter of princelie innocents 739. a 20. Of the earle of Richmond in getting the sun at the backe of his souldiers 758. b 60. To auoid danger 748. a 38. Of Henrie the seuenth against sir Robert Clifford 778. b 20. In senting forth espials into Flanders 777. b 30. To preuent an intended mischiefe note 536. b 20 Of duke Albert of Saxonie to get the towne of Dam 772. a 20. Of the English archers against their enimies shot 770. b 40. Of Henrie the seuenth to match suspected persons especiallie if they fled 780. a In surprising the towne of Pont Meulan a 10. b 10. For a bridge 617. b 60. Of sir Francis the Arragonois 619. b 10. Of Henrie the fift in the time of a commotion 544 b 10. Oftentimes passeth force 648. a 60. Of the earle of Huntington 617. Of Henrie the fift against the French horsemen 553. b 10 note 564. b 50. For redie bridges 571. b 40 Of a priest fauoring conspirators note 516. a 40. Of the earle of Westmerland 529 b 40.50.530 a 10. Of the English against the Flemish 454. b 10. Of the French king against the English 426. b 50.4222 a 60. Dastardlie of the French king to make Edward the third raise his siege from Calis 375 b 30. Of the Scots discomfiting the English 324. b. 60. Of a captaine against the Welshmen 236. a 60. a 60. Of the English 295. a 60. Of the duke of Guise against the English 1135. b 20. Of the French to make bridges 1138 b. 60. To restraine the people at the duke of Summersets execution 1067. a 60. b 50. Of a yeoman of the gard a rebell whereby he gat pardon 844. Of Scattergood a guner to deceiue the French 1192. a 60. Of Frenchmen disguised in womans aparell 1188. b 50. Of warre by the Kentishmen 2. a 20. Of the French to giue the English a repulse 1191. a 50 Of duke William in making a part of England waste 11. a 40. Of the French king to get possession of Uernueill 8.88 a 50. ¶ See Dissimulation Stratagâ—m Pomfret castle rendred to Edward the second 331. a Pontoise surprised by the Englishmen 570. a 30. Recouered by them 17. a 40. Besieged by the French king but valiantlie defended b 20. Gotten by French 618 a 30 Pont Mâ—ulan surprised by entrance of a common priuie 610. b 10 Pontorson rendered vnto the Englishmen 895 a 30. Poole Cardinall ¶ See Cardinall Poole and Pope Pope Adrian 274. a 40. An Englishman borne 66. a 50 His election to the popedome wondered and whie he commeth to Rome 871. b 30.50 His creation corruption of the cardinals in his election corrupted with manie vices 767. a 40 50. b 21. His pride note 69. a 40. His grant to make Iohn king of Ireland 101. a 30. Maketh profit of his great pardon or heauenlie grace 788. a 60. Letters for the reliefe of the Holie land 104. b 50. Fatherlie words to archbishop Lanfranke note 9. a 50. Depriueth bishops and restoreth them 9 a 40. Heareth the contention for the primasie betweene the archbishops 9. a 30. Sent commissioners into England 8. b 60. He and the emperor Frederik at debate 75. b 10. His answer to Beckets complaint 73. a 30. Pope Boniface prohibiteth Edward the first further to vex the Scots 309. b 30. Pope Calixius held a councell at Reimes and consecrateth the archbishop of Canturburie with his owne hands 40 a 50. A sutor for archbishop Thurstane 40. b 40. His cursse against both archbishops of Canturburie and Yorke 42. a 10. Pope Calestine a friend to archbishop Geffreie of Yorke 130. b 20. Maketh an archbishop of Canturburie legat of all England 147 b 50. Pope Clements reformation in England 315. b 40. And what summes of monie are had of the archbishop of Yorke note 315. a 30. Procureth a peace for one yeare betwixt the two kings of England and France 379. b 40. Sent two cardinals to accord the two kings of England and France 377. b 50. Letters in fauor of the bishop of Elie and how he defendeth his chapleins 132. a 60. Sendeth Henrie the eight a golden rose 883. a 60. Pretended a title to the realme of Sicill 124. b 60. Requireth Henrie the eight personallie to appeare at a generall councell 930. a 10. Taken prisoner by the emperors armie 1365. a 30. Deceseth more infortunat than fortunat 935. b 10. His death preiudiciall 131. b 60 Pope Eugenie sendeth a legat to treat a peace betweene the two kings of England and France 607. a 50 Pope Gelasius the second his death 40. a 10 Pope Gregorie sendeth the bishop of Rauennâ— to treat a peace betwixt England and France 408. b 50. Messengers sent to him about reseruations of benefices b 60.409 c. Denied to be true pope note 225. a 60. Sendeth cardinall Otho into England 221. b 30. His meanes to mooue the people to a iorneie against the Saracens 209. b 40. Disgraced by the cardinall of Burgis 514. b 60 His plaine song whereabouts was great fliâ—â—e 13. b 30. His bull against the hearing of a married
Frieries suppressed Bloud of Hales shewed at Pauls crosse Anabaptists The lord marques executed Sir Nicholas Carew executed Creation of new officers Bulworks blockhouses builded Anno Reg. 31 A parlement Attaindors Execution The statute of the six articles An inquest of inquirie The extreme procéeding in execution of the six articles Prouision for defense of the realme Preparation in London for a muster to be made and shewed before the king The wiflers The minstrels Euerie alderman with his ward in order oâ— battell The order of the Londoners in their musters The king taketh view of the Londoners in their musters The number of Londoners in this muster Iohn Stow. Uicar of Wandsworth and other executed Clerkenwell and other suppressed The Palsgraue other strangers come ouer into England The mariage concluded betwixt king Henrie the ladie Anne Cleue I. Stow pag. 1016. Thom. Huntlow his charitie Pensioners instituted Ladie Anne of Cleue is receiued into Calis She landeth in Kent The king commeth to see hir at Rochester The order of receiuing hir on Blackeheath The ladies that receiued hir on Black-heath The kings maiestie on horssebacke Who followed the king The méeting of the king the ladie Anne of Cleue on Blackeheath The kings trumpets and the ladie Anne of Cléeues The king and the ladie Anne ride togither Hir chariot wherein she rode all hir iourneie The king welcommeth hir to Greenwich The mariage is solemnized betwixt king Henrie the ladie Anne of Cleue Iusts and tornements The king and the ladie Anne remooue to Westminster The duke of Norffolke ambassador into France S. Marie Oueries made a parish church Iohn Stow. Erle of Essex deceassed Earle of Oxford deceassed Priests at Calis executed D. Barnes Sir Iohn Shelton sir Nicholas Hare sir Humfreie Browne fraudulent lawiers punished Aduancâ—ment of Thomas Cromwell Sir Iohn Dudleie ouerthrowne â—â—â—rnieng Bâ—rriâ—rs The order of the Rhodes dissolued I S. pag 1019. Saint Iohns in Smithfield suppressed The bishop of Chichester doctor Wilson committed to the Tower Abr. Fle. ex Ed. Hal. Ccxlij The lord Cromwell committed to the Tower Sée Iohn Fox in the Acts Monuments A description of the birth of Thomas Cromwell and other circumstances Thomas Cromwell in most authoritie vnder the king Iohn Fox in the Acts and Monuments Friscobald an Italian sée Iohn Fox in the Acts and Monuments The mariage betwixt the king and the ladie Anne of Cleue adiudged vnlawful The lord Lâ—â—â—onard Grâ—â—â— committed the Tower The prince 〈◊〉 Salerne The lord Hungerford executed for buggerie Execution of Barnes and others Thomas Empson 〈◊〉 obstinate moonke Execution 〈◊〉 treason Pâ—â—lots cause 〈◊〉 murâ—â—â—rs â— death and 〈◊〉 â—â—ought I. 〈◊〉 A Castell built 〈◊〉 Ard. Guisnes fortified The earles of Surrie and Southamton sent to Calis Richard Mekins burnt Sée Iohn Fox in the Acts Monuments Anno Reg. 33. A new rebellion practised in Yorkshire Sir Iohn Neuill executed The countesse of Salisburie beheaded Execution of two of the gard Abr. Fl. ex I. S pag. 1020. Sir Edmund Kneuet arreigned for striking in the court The order of euerie officer about that execution Iudgement vpon Kneuet to lose his hand He is pardoned The lord Leonard Greie beheaded The true report of the cause wherevpon the murther of Iohn Busbrig insued The lord Dacres arreigned before the lord Audleie Lord Dacres executed at Tiburne The king â—â—eth in progresse into Yorkeshâ—re Gifts giueâ— to him by them of Lincolneshire Gifts giuen him by them of Yorkeshire Hull fortifieâ— Diram and Culpeper quéene Katharins paramours At Lincolne saith Hall in August wher she gaue to him a rich cap and a chaine Quéene Katharine detested of incontinent liuing Culpeper and Diram executed Attaindors A parlement The petitioÌ„s of the lords commons of the parlement iâ— the king The quéene and other attainted by parlement The quéenâ— sent to the towre She is beheaded The king proclamed king of Ireland The occasion of sir Arthur Plantagenets trouble The lord Lisle dieth thorough immoderate ioy George Ferrers a burges of the parlement arrested and what mischiefe insued The shiriffes and officers denie the deliuerie of the burgesse The speaker of the parlement declareth all the matter to the lords The shiriffes deliuer the burgesse and are charged to appéere before the speaker The shiriffes committed to the Tower An act passeth for George Ferrers Priuilege of a burgesse of the parlement or of anie seruant to such like officers belonging The king counted it presumption to arrest the burgesse Sir Edward Montacute lord chiefe iustice Anno Reg. 34. A lone Submission of the Irish nobilitie The causâ—s of the wars betwixt England Scotland The wilfull obstinatnesse of the Scotish coÌ„missioners Iames Leirmouth King Henrie forced to take armes against the Scots The double dealing of the Scots in the negotiation about an agréement The English armie entreth into Scotland The earle of Southamptons standard An armie of Scots inuade England The error of the Scots The Scots flie Scotish lords taken at Solem Mosse The number of prisoners and 〈◊〉 taken The death of the king of Scotland Foure and twentie hath Hall Scots prisoners brought to London The Scots prisoners before the councel in the Sâ—aâ— chamber A motion of a marriage betweene prince Edward and the yong Scotish queene The Scots depart into their owne countrie The munifâ—cense of king Henrie to the earle of Angus Archbishop of S. Andrew deadlie enimie to K. Henrie The earle of Arraine Sir Robert Bowes deliuered Ambassadors from Scotland A dearth A necessarie wholsome ordinance for moderation in diet Anno. Reg. 35. A league betwixt the king of England and the emperour Abr. Fl. ex I. S. pag. 1016. Whit meats licenced to be eaten in Lent and noble men punished for breaking the law Summerset an herald killed the offendor dieth as a traitor First iron péeces cast Creations of earles and barons The king marieth the ladie Katharine Par. Corporations fraternities coÌ„munalties paid more as well of their lands as goods as appeareth by the statute Articles demanded of the French king Landerseie besieged The French king commeth to the rescue of Landerseie The French king retireth backe with his armie The emperor breaketh vp his campe A great death in London I. Stow pag. 1â—27 Ambassadors from the emperour The lord Par created earle of Essex The lord Wriothesleie Abr. Fl. ex I S. pag. 1027 Foure Eâ—lipses Germaine Gardner and other executed I Stow 1005. Charitable déeds of sir Iohn Allen. Shiriffes put awaie their officers The earle of Hertford lieutenant of the north The lord admerall Dudleie setteth foorth from London towards Scotland Anno Reg. 36. The armie setteth forward by sea towards Scotland The number of the English armie The English armie landeth in Scoâ—land The Scots offer to impeach the Englishmens passage The Scots flie to Edenburgh The English armie entreth into Lith The prouost of Edenburghs request The earle of Hertfords answer Sir Christopher Morice Edenburgh entered by
before the citie of Mauns were aduertised that our mother was besieged in Mirabeau and therfore we hasted so fast as we possibly might so that we came thither on Lammas daie and there we tooke our nephue Arthur Hugh le line 20 Brun Andrew de Chauenie the vicount of Chateau Erald Raimond de Touars Sauerie de Mauleon and Hugh Bangi and all other enimies of Poictou that were there assembled against vs to the number of two hundred knights and aboue so that not one of them escaped Giue God therefore thanks and reioise at our good successe The French king at the same time lieng in siege line 30 before Arques immediatlie vpon the newes of this ouerthrow raised from thence and returned homewards destroieng all that came in his waie till he was entred into his owne countrie It is said that king Iohn caused his nephue Arthur to be brought before him at Falais and there went about to persuade him all that he could to forsake his freendship and aliance with the French king and to leane and sticke to him being his naturall vncle But Arthur line 40 like one that wanted good counsell and abounding too much in his owne wilfull opinion made a presumptuous answer not onelie denieng so to doo but also commanding king Iohn to restore vnto him the realme of England with all those other lands and possessions which king Richard had in his hand at the houre of his death For sith the same apperteined to him by right of inheritance he assured him except restitution were made the sooner he should not long continue quiet King Iohn being sore mooued with line 50 such words thus vttered by his nephue appointed as before is said that he should be straitlie kept in prison as first in Falais and after at Roan within the new castell there Thus by means of this good successe the countries of Poictou Touraine and Aniou were recouered Shortlie after king Iohn comming ouer into England caused himselfe to be crowned againe at Canturburie by the hands of Hubert the archbishop there on the fourteenth day of Aprill and then went line 60 backe againe into Normandie where immediatlie vpon his arriuall a rumour was spred through all France of the death of his nephue Arthur True it is that great suit was made to haue Arthur set at libertie as well by the French king as by William de Riches a valiant baron of Poictou and diuerse other Noble men of the Britains who when they could not preuaile in their suit they banded themselues togither and ioining in confederacie with Robert earle of Alanson the vicount Beaumont William de Fulgiers and other they began to leuie sharpe wars against king Iohn in diuerse places insomuch as it was thought that so long as Arthur liued there would be no quiet in those parts wherevpon it was reported that king Iohn through persuasion of his councellors appointed certeine persons to go vnto Falais where Arthur was kept in prison vnder the charge of Hubert de Burgh and there to put out the yoong gentlemans eies But through such resistance as he made against one of the tormentors that came to execute the kings commandement for the other rather forsooke their prince and countrie than they would consent to obeie the kings authoritie héerein and such lamentable words as he vttered Hubert de Burgh did preserue him from that iniurie not doubting but rather to haue thanks than displeasure at the kings hands for deliuering him of such infamie as would haue redounded vnto his highnesse if the yoong gentleman had béene so cruellie dealt withall For he considered that king Iohn had resolued vpon this point onelie in his heat and furie which moueth men to vndertake manie an inconuenient enterprise vnbeseeming the person of a common man much more reprochfull to a prince all men in that mood being meere foolish and furious and prone to accomplish the peruerse conceits of their ill possessed heart as one saith right well pronus in iram Stultorum est unimus facilè excandescit audet Omne scelus quoties concepta bile tumescit and that afterwards vpon better aduisement he would both repent himselfe so to haue commanded and giue them small thanke that should sée it put in execution Howbeit to satisfie his mind for the time and to staie the rage of the Britains he caused it to be bruted abroad through the countrie that the kings commandement was fulfilled and that Arthur also through sorrow and greefe was departed out of this life For the space of fiftéene daies this rumour incessantlie ran through both the realmes of England and France and there was ringing for him through townes and villages as it had béene for his funerals It was also bruted that his bodie was buried in the monasterie of saint Andrewes of the Cisteaux order But when the Britains were nothing pacified but rather kindled more vehementlie to worke all the mischeefe they could deuise in reuenge of their souereignes death there was no remedie but to signifie abroad againe that Arthur was as yet liuing and in health Now when the king heard the truth of all this matter he was nothing displeased for that his commandement was not executed sith there were diuerse of his capteins which vttered in plaine words that he should not find knights to keepe his castels if he dealt so cruellie with his nephue For if it chanced any of them to be taken by the king of France or other their aduersaries they should be sure to tast of the like cup. ¶ But now touching the maner in verie deed of the end of this Arthur writers make sundrie reports Neuerthelesse certeine it is that in the yeare next insuing he was remooued from Falais vnto the castell or tower of Rouen out of the which there was not any that would confesse that euer he saw him go aliue Some haue written that as he assaied to haue escaped out of prison and proouing to clime ouer the wals of the castell he fell into the riuer of Saine and so was drowned Other write that through verie gréefe and languor he pined awaie and died of naturall sicknesse But some affirme that king Iohn secretlie caused him to be murthered and made awaie so as it is not throughlie agréed vpon in what sort he finished his daies but verelie king Iohn was had in great suspicion â—â—ether worthilie or not the lord knoweth Yet how extreamelie soeuer he delt with his nephue he released and set at libertie diuerse of those lords that were taken prisoners with him namelie Hugh le Brun and Sauerie de Mauleon the one to his great trouble and hinderance and the other to his gaine for Hugh le Brun afterwards leuied and occasioned sore warres against him but Sauerie de Mauleon continued euer after his loiall subiect dooing to him verie agréeable seruice as hereafter may appeare The Lord Guie sonne to the vicount of Touars who had taken Arthurs mother Constance
to wife after the diuorse made betwixt hir and the earle of Chester in right of hir obteined the dukedome of line 10 Britaine But king Philip after he was aduertised of Arthurs death tooke the matter verie gréeuouslie and vpon occasion therof cited king Iohn to appeare before him at a certeine day to answer such obiections as Constance the duches of Britaine mother to the said Arthur should lay to his charge touching the murther of hir sonne And bicause king Iohn appeared not he was therefore condemned in the action and adiudged to forfeit all that he held within the precinct line 20 of France aswell Normandie as all his other lands and dominions About the same time the king caused a proclamation to be published for the lawfull assise of bread to be made by the bakers vpon paine to be punished by the pillorie which assise was approoued and assessed by the baker of Geffrey Fitz Peter lord chéefe iustice of England and by the baker of Robert de Tuinham So that the baker might sell and gaine in euerie quarter three pence besides the bran and two loaues for the heater of the ouen and for foure line 30 seruants foure halfepence for two boies a farthing for allowance in salt an halfepenie yest an halfepenie for candell a farthing for fewell thrée pence and for a bulter an halfepenie And this was the rate When wheat was sold for six shillings the quarter then shall euerie loafe of fine manchet wey 41 shillings and euerie loafe of cheat shall wey 24 shillings When wheat is sold for fiue shillings and six pence then manchet shall wey 20 shillings and cheat 28 shillings When wheat is sold for fiue shillings line 40 then manchet shall wey 24 shillings and the cheat bread 32 shillings When wheat is sold for foure shillings six pence manchet shall wey 32 shillings and cheat 42 shillings When wheat is sold for foure shillings manchet shall wey 36 shillings and cheat 46 shillings When wheat is sold for thrée shillings six pence then shall manchet wey 42 shillings and cheat 54 shillings When wheat is sold for thrée shillings manchet shall wey 48 shillings and cheat 44 shillings line 50 When wheat is sold for two shillings and six pence manchet shall wey 54 shillings and cheat 72 shillings When wheat is sold for two shillings manchet shall wey sixtie shillings and cheat foure pound When wheat is sold for 18 pence the quarter manchet shall wey 77 shillings cheat foure pound and eight shillings This ordinance was proclaimed throughout the realme as most necessarie and profitable for the common-wealth This yeare manie woonderfull things happened line 60 for besides the sore winter which passed any other that had beene heard of in manie yeares before both for continuance in length and extreame coldnesse of frosts there followed grifelie tempests with thunder lightning and stormes of raine and haile of the bignesse of hens egs wherewith much fruit great store of corne was perished beside other great hurts doone vpon houses and yoong cattell Also spirits as it was thought in likenesse of birds and foules were séene in the aire flieng with fire in their beaks wherewith they set diuerse houses on fire which did import great troubles yer long to insue and folloâ—ed in déed as shall appeare hereafter With this entrance of the yeare of our lord 1203 king Iohn held his Christmasse at Caen where not hauing as sâ—me writers say sufficient regard to the necessarie affaires of his wars year 1203 he gaue his â—ind to bankettinâ— and passed the time in pleasure with the queene his wife to the great gréefe of his lords so that they perceiuing his retchlesse demeanour or as some write the doubtfull minds of the Nobilitie which serued on that side and were readie dailie to reuolt from his obedience withdrew their dutifull hearts from him and therefore getting licence returned home into England In this meane time the French king to bring his purpose to full effect entred intâ— Normandie wasted the countries and wan the townes of Cowches le Ual de Rueil and Lisâ—e Dandelâ— Le Ual de Rueil wis giuen ouer without any great inforcement of assault by two noble men that had charge thereof the one named Robert Fitz Walter and the other Saer de Quinâ—ie Howbeit Lisle Dandele was valiantlie for a certeine time defended by Roger de Lacie the conestable of Chester But at length they within were so constreined by famine and long siege that the said Lacie and others perceiuing it to be more honourable for them to die by the sword than to starue through want of food brake out vpon their enimies and slue a great sort of the Frenchmen but yet in the end they were taken prisoners and so these fortresses came into the French kings hands The pope hearing of these variances betwixt the two kings sent the abbat of Casmer into France accompanied with the abbat of Troissons to moue them to a peace These two abbats tooke such paines in the matter that the kings were almost brought to agréement But the French king perceiuing himselfe to be aforehand in his businesse sticked at one article which was to repaire all such abbeies as he had destroied within the dominions of king Iohn and king Iohn to doo the like by all those that he had wasted within the French kings countries The popes Nuncij would haue excommunicated king Philip bicause he would not thus agrée But king Philip appealing from them pursued the warre and besieged the towne of Radpont The souldiers within the towne defended the first assault verie manfullie and caused the Frenchmen to retire backe but king Philip meaning to haue the towne yer he departed did so inclose it about that within ten daies he wan it and tooke there twentie men of armes an hundred demilances and twentie arcubalisters After this when he had fortified this place he went to castell Galiard which he besieged and though by the high valiancie of Hugh de Gourney the capteine there the Frenchmen were manfullie beaten backe and kept out for a moneth and more yet at length by streict siege and neare approches hardlie made the fortresse was deliuered into the French kings hands And in the end the said Hugh Gourney reuolted from his obedience deliuering also the castell of Mountfort vnto the French king which castell with the honor thereto apperteining king Iohn had giuen to the same Hugh not verie long before All this while king Iohn did lie at Rouen but forsomuch as he could not well remedie the matter as then bicause he wanted such helpe as he dailie looked for out of England and durst not trust any of that side he passed it ouer with a stout countenance for a while and would saie oftentimes to such as stood about him What else dooth my câ—â—sen the French â— now than steale those things from me which hereaâ—ter