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A45667 Remarks on the affairs and trade of England and Ireland wherein is set down 1. the antient charge of Ireland, and all the forces sent thither from 1170 until the compleat conquest thereof in 1602 ..., 2. the peculiar advantages which accrue to England by Ireland ..., 3. the state of trade, revenue, rents, manufactures, &c. of Ireland, with the causes of its poverty ..., 4. the only sure expedients for their advancement, with the necessity and utility of the repeal (as well as suspension) of the laws against dissenters, and the test, 5. how the reduction and settlement of Ireland may be improved to the advantage of England ... / by a hearty well-wisher to the Protestant religion, and the prosperity of these kingdoms. Harris, Walter, Sir. 1691 (1691) Wing H886; ESTC R13627 68,949 83

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opportunity to Rebel did purchase Pardons at dear Rates from Rome for their not having actually Rebelled And we have had a pregnant Instance of the Empire these Priests have over the People in the present Rebellion for notwithstanding Their Majesties have by three gracious Declarations invited that People to submit yet I hear not of one Gentleman that hath hitherto submitted and the People generally have chosen rather to quit their Habitations and wander thorow the Kingdom than to sit down quietly under Their Majesties gentle Government with the enjoyment of all their Possessions The Toleration of the Popish Clergy and their pernicious Religion as it would be sinful in Their Majesties so it would be destructive to that Kingdom whatever the favourers of the French or King James's Interest may suggest to the contrary For the Toleration or conniving at Idolatry is a Land-destroying sin Ireland hath found it to be so Our Church in her Articles and Homilies hath declared the Mass to be the grossest Idolatry And God who in Scripture appears so tender of the life of man that he appointed even casual Homicide to be punished with confinement or banishment until the death of the High Priest hath nevertheless positively commanded that Idolaters and even the secret Enticers to it should be put to death without mercy and the places defiled thereby to be destroyed And where Princes do not duly execute his Laws in this case he usually executes Vengeance on them and their Posterity Most of the Kings of Israel and their Posterity were rooted out for this sin and the Ten Tribes for it have remained in Captivity and Obscurity for 2400 years And this sin was one of the chief causes of the Captivity of Judah and the connivance at or toleration of it hath twice in this Age proved destructive to poor Ireland and pernicious to those Kings that granted it When King James the first granted a Toleration of Popery in Ireland famous Bishop Vsher did publickly before the State foretel that for that sin God would within forty years raise up those Papists to cut the Throats of the Protestants there and God fulfilled that Prediction in 1641. and that King never prospered in any design or undertaking after that Toleration And when his Son Charles I. would not be warned but in 1629. renewed that Toleration ten or twelve of the Bishops and Arch-Bishops of that time had the honesty and courage publickly in the Pulpit to protest against the sinfulness of it and also under their hands to declare That the Religion of the Papists is Superstitious and Idolatrous their Faith and Doctrine erroneous and heretical their Church in respect of both Apostatical To give them therefore a Toleration of Religion and to profess their Faith and Doctrine is a grievous sin and is to make our selves accessary not only to their Superstitious Idolatries Heresies and in a word all the Abominations of Popery but also which is a consequent of the former to the perdition of the seduced People which perish in the Deluge of the Catholick Apostacy c. And as it is a great sin so it is a matter of great consequence c. How fatal it proved to him and also to Charles II. and the late King James the World hath seen Nor will it be less so to any of their Successors who shall connive at or tolerate the same For the same sins and degrees of it brings like Judgments in every Age. Not only the Law of God but those of the Land also are against indulging this Religion and Interest of State the safety of the Protestants in Ireland and the quiet of England requires That all the Roman Clergy their Landed men concerned in this Rebellion and that of 1641. together with their Lawyers should be banished and not to return on pain of Death We may wish for Advantage by that Kingdom but we cannot rationally expect it whilst these three Parties or any of them are permitted to remain there for they will be fit Tools in the hands of the French King to foment Rebellions to which their joynt and several Interests the hope of regaining their Estates the Church-Livings and their Practice will prompt and dispose them and nothing less than their Banishment or Extirpation will devest France of the means of distracting us at pleasure now that they are joyned with that Enemy of Mankind As for the rest of the Papists who shall be permitted to abide in that Kingdom it is but reasonable that they be excluded from living in the Cities Walled Towns and Corporations which are the strengths of the Kingdom I am well aware that this latter tho' as considerable as any other means for the security of that Kingdom will meet with much opposition from many of the Protestants of Ireland themselves who like too many in England prefer their particular the Advancement of their Rents in those Towns and Cities to the Publick Safety to which their Private Interest ought ever to give way The Papists are already excluded from Purchasing any of the Houses in any Corporation which were forfeited by the Rebellion in 1641. But this without the other is not sufficient and indeed there is no other way to deal with them If His Majesty imagines that the Possession of their Estates Liberty for their Religion a share in the Civil-Justice will oblige and restrain them from Violence and Rebellion he will I fear in the issue find it otherways for in 1641. they had their titular Arch-Bishops and Bishops their Fryaries and Nunneries their Secular and Regular Clergy they were Justices of the Peace Sheriffs of Counties Members of Parliament Mayors and Bayliffs of Corporations c. They were seized of three fourths of all the Lands there All the Laws against them were suspended as to their Execution they had all their Grievances redressed even to the release of the forfeiture of whole Counties In a few months after which they broke out into that horrid and barbarous Rebellion wherein they Massacred 150000 Protestants in cold Blood without any provocation besides as many more that perished by Famine and Sword in the prosecution of that Rebellion which is demonstration to all the World that these People are not to be retain'd in obedience by Immunities Priviledges and Kindnesses nor restrained from Rebellion and Massacres whilst their Clergy c. are permitted to abide amongst them If against what hath been proposed the favourers of the French and Popish Interest do object That such Severity toward the Irish will disoblige the Catholick Princes of the Confederacy I answer That the chief end of the Confederacy is to retrench the Power of the French King and his Adherents as Enemies to all the rest of Europe That the Papists in these Kingdoms having above all others contributed to that Kings present Greatness all the Irish and many of the English and Scotch Papists being actually in Rebellion and in Conjunction with his Forces Their dependence being on him and
l. A Regiment of Guards containing 12 Companies each consisting of a Captain at 11 l. 4 s. each Calendar Month. A Lieutenant 5 l. 12 s. An Ensign 4 l. 4 s. Three Serjeants 2 l. 2 s. each Three Corporals two Drums 1 l. 8 s. and 90 private Foot-men at 18 s. 8 d. each which for each Company comes per Mensem to 119 l. 6 s. per Annum 1419 l. 12 s. and for the whole per Annum 17035 l. 4. For the Field Officers Chaplain Adjutant Quarter Master Chirurgion and Mate Drum-Major with a Serjeant and ten private Foot-men to four Companies per Mensem 111 l. 15 s. 4 d. per Annum 1341 l. 14. Seventy four Companies of Foot each consisting of a Captain at 11 l. 4 s. each Calendar Month. A Lieutenant 5 l. 12 s. Ensign 4 l. 4 s. Two Serjeants 2 l. 2 s. each Three Corporals and a Drummer 1 l. 8 s. each and sixty private Foot-men at 14 s. each making in all for each Company per Mensem 72 l. 16 s. per Annum 873 l. 2 s. per Annum for the whole 64646 l. 8. They were in the whole 1363 Horse and 6210 Foot the Officers c. included besides the Company of Yeomen of the Guards The Annual charge of the Horse was 46368 l. and of the Foot 83023 l. 6 s. which charge was with ease defrayed out of the Revenue of that Kingdom Although these will be sufficient to prevent or repress all Insurrections of the Papists in Ireland yet they will not be sufficient to secure the Kingdom against Invasion which is that we are to apprehend from France unless with the help of the Confederates we constrain the French King to employ his whole Force for Defence at home And here it may be considered that although the War against France should be ended yet whilst our Neighbours round about are Armed and keep considerable Forces on Foot it would be Prudence to keep up such an Army as may secure us and our Neighbours from being surprized c Now the Body of such an Army may better be kept up in Ireland than in England For the People of England have at all times been justly jealous of a standing Army in times of Peace at home and never will be easie whilst they are among them Such Army may therefore more conveniently and with less charge be kept in Ireland where by reason of the plenty of that Kingdom they can subsist with less Pay For as you may observe the private Horsemen receive there but 2 l. 2 s. each Calendar Month whereas they receive in England 2 s. 6 d. per Diem which is upwards of 3 l. 10 s. per Month and all the Foot except the Regiment of Guards receive but 3 s. 6 d. per Week which is one fourth or 14 d. per Week less than is paid the common Souldier in England so that 20000 Men may be kept there as cheap as 15000 in England which is great odds Fifthly As the Sword is to Defend a People from violence and injury in times of War so ought the Laws in time of Peace Therefore it will be requisite to settle the Civil Justice of that Kingdom in such Hands as may duly and truly Administer it c. To place such Judges and Justices of the Peace as have not been concerned in the corrupt Administrations of that Kingdom such as may not pack Grand Juries or Menace Hector and compel them contrary to their Consciences to find Bills or raise Money against their Judgments or where the Law doth not require it or to Tax the Country with more than is necessary for the occasion to subserve the Interest of particular persons or for supply of the Greedy or Indigent c. But above all such as may duly punish Murderers for Life being the most valuable thing which we possess and the security of it being the Principal end of the Law it ought primarily to be regarded by the Judges c. The remiss Execution of the Laws against Murder in Ireland hath been as a great hindrance to the Peopling and improvement of it so also a great Reproach to it And therefore remedy ought to be provided in this particular on this Settlement I have heard some judicious persons in Holland say in derision of Ireland that the Cattle and the Mares of that Kingdom are better secured by the Laws or usual Administrations thereof than the Lives of the People It is indeed the Honour of the United Provinces and a Blessing to the People that seldom if ever any person of what quality soever that wilfully Kills the meanest person escape Death Whereas they say of Ireland that only the Money-less and Friendless are Executed for Murder whilst Sheep-Stealers or Mare-Stealers Rarely Escape Murder is by Law in Ireland made Treason and because the punishment is so great during the two last Reigns few of any Interest have been Executed for it Which if true is indeed sad for where Judges or Juries neglect to do Justice in this respect or that Princes grant Pardons to Murderers the guilt becomes National Wonderful is the care which God in his Law expresseth of the Life of Man and many and Critical are the inquisitions which he appointed to be made for the Discovery of Private Murder before the place where it was committed could be deemed acquit c. And his command is positive that whosoever taketh away the Life of another should be put to Death and none may hinder lett or stay him c. And the reason is given because that Blood is a Land-defiling Sin And that the Land cannot in any wise be cleansed from the guilt of it but by the Blood of the Murderer Therefore great care ought to be taken to prevent future abuses of this kind and to supply and rectifie the defects and abuses of the Laws in this particular It is dangerous to the Community to suffer Criminals to Escape with impunity but the worst and most intolerable Robberies and Murders are those which are committed by the Abuse of the forms of Laws when thro' the corruption of Judges the Laws made for security of Life Liberty and Property are perverted to the Destruction of any of them Sixthly What hath hitherto been proposed hath been for preventing future charge by Ireland and for the securing the advantages which comes thence to England I am now to shew that it is the Interest of their Majesties and of England to put that Kingdom into a thriving condition and how that may be done That it is the Interest of England and their Majesties is evident by what hath been already observed The Revenues of Ireland before the breaking out of the present Rebellion did surmount the charge of the Kingdom And the Surplusage was transmitted yearly into England Now if by Trade or otherwise the Revenues of that Kingdom had been augmented or doubled to what it was in 1685. Then the Annual advantage to England or to the late