exhorts 1 Cor. 15.58 Brethren be ye stedfast and unmoveable your hope being not in vain in the Lord we look for a City to come and that shall come which we look for I and not only come but ever shall continue the futurity speaks the permanence that while 't is present it shall be still to come this future knows not any Preter-perfect-tense Years eating up Days Ages swallowing up Years Time loosing his ne'er so much past yet ne'er the less to come not like our slender Joys here no sooner flow'd to us almost but ebbing from us but a Continuing City Stor'd with fulness of Joy and Pleasures for evermore Psal. 16.11 Evermore more perennious than the Gliding Stream or Constant Sun here the Sun may be one day Darkned and the Moon pay home her borrowed Light the fixed Stars may become Planets and wander headlong from their Spheres whole Nature may so forget her Office that Heaven and Earth may pass away but these Pleasures like the Right-hand they wait on remain for evermore and this is our expected City whose Inhabitants you 'l say by better title than they of Tarsus may be called Citizens of no mean City Act 21.29 XII And in this Royal City the days brightness there it knows no light no nor ever fears the least Eclipse whose chearful and smiling Brow no Moving Cloud o'recasts nor tempestuous Storm molests the passage of its Rays but still shines on Serene and clear and fills with splendors that Spacious City it needs not the declining lustre of our Golden Sun nor the borrow'd Silver of the Pale faced Moon the Radient Sun that appears there is the Lamb and the Light that shines is the Glory of God the Walls of this City are raised with precious Stones and every Gate is of one rich Pearl the Mansions are built with choicest Jewels and the Streets are paved with transparent Gold in the midst of this City runs a pure Crystal River perpetually flowing from the Heavenly Throne there all along those pleasant Banks deliciously grows the Tree of Life healing all Wounds with its balmy Leaves and making Immortal all that but taste its Fruit. XIII Thus is the holy City which we are too seek Built thus is the City of the New Jerusalem Adorn'd O thrice fortunate and most glorious City how free and happy are thy blest Inhabitants every Head there wears a Royal Crown and every Hand a Palm of Victory every Sparkling Eye o'reflows with Joy and every Silver Tongue with Psalms of Praise there we shall dwell perpetually in the view of God and be filled for ever with the sweetness of his Presence this is that Coelestial Sphere whose Zodiack is Felicity whose Constellations are degrees of Glory and whose Poles are Joy and Eternity THE Second Branch HOW To Fortifie our Selves against THE Fears of DEATH CHAP. I. That if we dedicate our Lives to Christ the advantage of Death will be to our Selves THe Apostle tells us Phil. 1.21 to me to live is Christ and to dye is Gain First St. Paul lived so do all Men so do all Animals what our Apostle saith of Bodies I may of Life there is a natural Body and there is a spiritual Body 1 Cor. 15.44 so there is a Natural and there is a Spiritual Life this is an hidden but that a manifest Life this an inclosure but that a common it is common to Heathens with Christians to Beasts with Men the little Ant the crawling Worms have a share in Life as well as we so that these may say as well as St. Paul to me to live why should we be so much in love with or dote upon this Life which we have no more Interest in than the meanest living Creature indeed it is a Mercy for which we ought to be thankful it is a Talent which we are to improve but it is no Priviledge wherein we should glory whereof we should boast or wherewith we should be too much affected II. Secondly as St. Paul lived so he made account of dying others live as well as he and he must dye as well as others and as certainly as we live we must die and Man is no less subject to perishing than the Beast yea the good man hath no more exemption than the bad for so the Prophet asserts Isa. 57.1 The Righteous perisheth indeed the Apostle elsewhere calls Righteousness a Brest-plate Eph. 6.14 but it is not Death proof and though it delivereth in yet not from Death it is true Death is the wages of Sin but still it is here the Lot of a Saint perfect Innocency should not have known Mortality but Grace in the best is mixed with that Sin which bringeth Death Christ I grant hath taken away Death but so as he hath taken away Sin for the present only in part not fully Sin is taken away by Death that is the Power and Guilt of it III. And indeed it is not without manifold Reason that divine Providence hath so ordered it first that the Members may be conformable to their Head and that we may follow Christ the same way of Death in which he hath gone before us to Glory secondly that by pulling down of the Wall the Moss may be fully plucked out and by the dissolution of the Body its Infirmity and Frailty wholly Purged away thirdly that the Power of God may appear the more Glorious in Raising us up after Death hath laid us in the Grave and the Grave turn'd us into Dust fourthly finally that the Strength of our Faith might appear the more in believing we shall live though we die for these Reasons the Wise God hath appointed his own Children to Walk through the Valley of the Shadow of Death IV. To carry it yet one Step further and that in a few Words it is no other than St. Paul who was not only a Christian but an Apostle who taketh it for granted that he must die neither the Word nor the Work of Righteousness can secure from Death for Prophets Apostles Ministers as well as others are Mortal and must dye indeed they are according to our Saviour's Metaphor the Lights of the World but such as after a while may be blown out by a violent however must go out by a natural Death Clouds they are from whom the Rain of Instruction falls upon the People but at length they themselves vanish away finally Angels they are in Respect of their Office but still they are Men in regard of their Nature and must die like Men St. Paul himself hence supposeth it is a thing which sooner or later would befall him V. Now this blest Pattern of the Apostle might serve to shame us out of our inordinate living to our Selves and quicken us in our endeavour to live to Christ as Peter said in another case to Christ John 6.68 Lord whither should we go thou hast the Words of Eternall Life let us say in this Lord to whom should we live thou hast Command of our Natural
at all the present Time we enjoy tarries but a moment and then takes Wings and flys away and never returns again already we are dead to all the years we have liv'd and vain 't is to expect to live them over again But the longer we live here the shorter is our Life and in the end we become a Lump of Clay and a Feast for Worms CHAP. I. Several Notions of Death what it is its Author Name and Nature FIrst If we would know what Death is the Philosopher tells you To die is to be no more Vnhappy and if we consider Death according to the right Notion it is but a departed Breath from dead Clay enlivened at first by Breath cast upon it Now Job tells you Death is a Moth and as the Moth breeds out of the Garment so Death do's out of the Body The Heathens were of Opinion that Death was an Eternal Sleep the Fear of the Rich and the Desire of the Poor but Pious St. Augustine often breathed forth this heavenly Wish saying O that I could see Death not as it was but as thou O Lord hast now made it Death is the supremest Monarch in the World as he hath the Dominion over Sin and he is the antientest King whose Reign began from Adam yet St. Paul tells ye 1 Cor. 15.26 at last this King shall be vanquished the last Enemy that shall be destroyed is Death and Christ who is the Resurrection and the Life pronounces this Sentence O Death I will be thy Death II. Whoever was the Author and Father of Death Sin was the Mother for the Apostle tells ye 1 James 15. that Sin when it is finished bringeth forth death and Eve the Mother of all Living was delivered in Child-bed of Death Now Adam falling Sin follows him and Man being tempted Death assaults him and by Sin Death enters Every Parent is an Adam to his Child infusing Corruption in his Generation Since then Death by Sin crept in at the Window or rather at the Ear which is prone to listen to Evil Counsel let us cast it out by the Sense of Faith in hearkning to God's Word which will make us wise unto Salvation III. As for the Name of Death it is called a Sleep so St. John terms it Chap. 11.11 Our friend Lazarus sleepeth and of St. Stephen it is recorded in Holy Writ after he had done praying for his Persecutors When he had said this he fell asleep 7. Acts 60. it is likewise said of the Patriarchs and Kings of Judah that they slept with their Fathers and Job expresseth That man lieth down and riseth not he shall not be awaked out of sleep till the heavens shall be no more Likewise Saint Paul mentions in his Mystery We shall not all sleep but we shall all be changed 1 Cor. 15.51 The Night is the Emblem of Sleep and Mortality Now Sleep is but the Shadow of Death and where the Shadow is the Substance cannot be far off Lastly the Grave it self is but a withdrawing Room to retire in for a time it is going to Bed to take rest which is sweeter than Sleep and when it is time to awake and rise we shall as the Royal Psalmist says be satisfied IV. Next as to the Nature of Death few or none know it though all must sensibly feel it there is nothing after Death and therefore Death is nothing it is without Essence or Substance but a privation which kills he Creature therefore curiously to â—quest the Efficiency of it were but to employ the Eye to behold Darkness Salomon in his Book of Wisdom Chap. 1.13 mentions that God made not Death but created all things that were good this caused good St. Augustine to breathe forth this Supplication Lord thou hast not made Death wherefore I beseech thee suffer not that which thou hast not made to reign over that which thou hast made Now Death came into the World by Man only whose Soul was affected to know that which God never made which was the Evil of Death thinking it had been very good by desiring to know the worst of Evils But so Divine a thing is Knowledge that we see Innocency it self was ambitious of it from whence that Proverb is derived That Evil is not known but by good V. Pet no Learned Man knows so much but Ignorance may suffer him to commit Evil for none of a sound Judgment and right understanding can be guilty of Wickedness and there is no fear of knowing too much Good but there is much Fear of practising too little But since the Almighty has revealed in his word more than we can comprehend and enough to work out our Salvation let us attain to sober Knowledge and not repine but be content with our Ignorance Indeed Knowledge and Power are the Worldling's Idol but let every Man endeavour fully to know himself and then Pride and Ambition will soon vanish CHAP. II. That Death hath no respect of Persons but we are continually dying whilst we live ALthough Men cannot or are unwilling to pay those Worldly Obligations they lye under yet they must pay this Debt to Nature and it is a Favour afforded by Nature that what she hath made most vexatious she hath made Common that the Equality of Fate might mitigate the Cruelty of it and this Question the Psalmist asketh What Man is he that liveth and shall not see death II. Our Saviour told the Jews their Fathers did eat Manna in the Wilderness and are dead 6 John 49. and the Apostle tells ye Phil. 2.8 that Christ being found in fashion as a man he humbled himself and became obedient unto Death even the death of the Cross. So that we see it is as natural to die as to be conceived and born yet it is improper for us to say Men die Naturally for Man dies not as a Beast by an Annihilation but by a Decree from Heaven it is appointed for all Men once to dye Heb. 9.27 III. Sickness the Messenger of Death respects not the best Complexion the Sores of Lazarus will make as good Dust as the Paint and Washes of Jezabel and like Jonas his Gourd we come up in a night and are gone in a moment we come naked into the World and no sooner we are born but the Grave waits for us but to continue in the Body is not the request of those which desire Heaven for the Apostle he desired to be dissolved and the Psalmist crys out As the hart pants after the Water-Brooks so longeth my Soul after thee O God Psal. 42.1 Death only shortens Time not Life and the Merit of Death is the Debt due to Sin both impos'd on Mankind for Sin IV. Now if we cast never so bright a Lustre in the World yet alas our brittle Bodies how quickly are they broken Man says Jeremiah fades like a leaf and sin like a wind takes him away Let a Man live never so long yet at last Death seizes him but to consider aright
Complaint but Condolation that we have here no continuing City thus having brought you acquainted with the Plantiffs as well as with your selves Consider now their wants We have not a Continuing City Now Cities have their period and dissolution both Occasional and Natural some of them like goodly Troy and better Jerusalem those Phoenix Cities of the World in Successive Ages buried in Fiery Tombes rak'd in their own Ashes others too many of 'em like old Rome and Carthage sack'd and demolished by the Bloody Hand of War so that you see the Imperial Cities of the Four great Monarchies nay those Monarchies themselves all as well as Babylon now sit in the Dust Isa. 47. and 't was but Flattery in Livius the Historian who called Rome the Eternal City after so many downfalls and scarce a Feather now of that proud Eagle left IX It was not also her a Fiction in the Poets describing of old Saturn their God of Time how he devoured his Children though of Stone I am sure the Moral is real and Termes him a devourer for whatsoever Time brings forth Time destroyes this I need say no more of every Languishing Body every Nodding Structure is a demonstration Witness our own Metropolitan City which was in 1666 laid in Ashes and had not Pious Care and Dilligent Industry have raised this our Phoenix and Mother-City we had wanted Earthly Habitations for our Bodies and Ecclesiastical Tabernacles for the Good of our Souls and Happy are they who Build such Tabernacles here that they are not chid by that fame Prophet Haggai 1.4 Is this a time for you to dwell in ceiled houses and let my houses lie wast c. X. Yet alas how Wanton now adays is the Worlds invention for Superfluous Building Temples are too Old Fashion'd the Zealous Father St. Bernard may still Sigh Men Build as though they should Continue for Ever and Glut as though to dye to Morrow which indeed they may rather fear such a Woe being denounced against them as the Prophet mentions Isa. 5.8 9 10. Wo unto them that joyn house to house that lay field to field till there be no place that they may be placed alone in the midst of the Earth c. but to avert it imitate that Ecclesiastical Centurion Luke 7.5 whom the Jews respected for loving their Nation and building them a Synagogue And if thou needs wilt Build let St. Chrysostom be a little thy Surveyour wouldst thou erect Beauteous and Splendid Edifices I forbid thee not saith he yet found them not on Earth 't is but an Heap of Sand but Situate in those Calm Regions that are above the Breath of Danger Build in Heaven for here is no Continuing City XI But Cities are here put for the Inhabitants and our want of peaceful residence shadowed under their discontinuance for if we Reflect on the Pilgrimage of Abraham Gen. 12.1 where he is called from his own Countrey and his Fathers House to divide a Life between Variety of strange Lands and Dangers So that indeed we Read of no other settled Possession that he had but Machpelah Gen. 23.17 his only Purchase a place of Burial thus it was with the Father of the Faithful he had no Continuing City XII Nor was it any thing better with the Children few and evil have been the daies of my Pilgrimage says old Israel Gen. 47.9 long and evil the daies of our Pilgrimage murmured the Children of Israel in the Wilderness Exod. 14. that Journey was a true Type of the Saints way to Heaven who Wandred up and down says the Apostle Heb. 11.37 destitute and afflicted Militant is the Churches Name she is an Host upon Continual Marches and Removes our Habitations here so often Varied by occasions either of some Loss Disfavour Sickness or of Death I need give no Examples that like the Travelling Common-wealth of Israel we have rather so many several Stations than appropriate Mansions CHAP. X. That Man himself is Frail and is no Continuing City or has any Duration here Practically Considered and Emblematically discussed TO shew that Man is no Continuing City is easily demonstrated by these following Qualifications which a City ought to be Furnish'd with and First 't is an Emblem of Strength so says the Wise Man Prov. 10.15 The rich mans wealth is his strong City and the Psalmist says who will lead me into the strong City Psal. 60.9 this is the frequent Epithite through the holy Book strong and well fenced Cities indeed there 's the Combination of most Men and Arms the Store-house of Munition 't is the Heart of the Body-publick the Seat of most Spirit and Vigour deservedly may these be called Strong Holds and Good Fortifications II. Now what a City Man hath in this Sense soon be your own Judges Walk but about it View well the Towers thereof if you can find any how Weakly is he Fenced about with these thin Walls of Clay Walls that every Ague Shakes every Dropsie Drowns every Fever Fires every Danger Batters one Fort indeed there is in it the Heart but that so feeble as 't is in a continual Trembling a Palpitation not more for Breath than Trouble Psal. 30.10 Watch-men too it hath Eyes placed in a Tower the Head but neither fore-seeing or preventing Mischief at best Exercises either dimm or drowsie III. The Soldiers of it the Hands oft Treacherous advantaging the Enemy and by Sins Wounding his own Bosome while in all this Extremity his Carriages the Feet are unable to convey him from Surprisal or keep him from being Captive to the Grave so Weak a City Man is that even Worms can Conquer it Pliny tells us for a wonder of a City undermin'd by Conies but Worms Triumph o're this and scarce e'er glory of the Victory what is it I wonder Philosophers call Man a little World for is it because he hath such Earthquakes in him so many Chollicks and Palsies is it because he hath such Thunderings sudden Noises in his Head because such Lightnings Inflammations in his Veins He is a little World indeed Himself the Earth and his Misery the Sea nay a great World of Weaknesses born the most helpless of all Creatures and lives the Sport of every least Distemper how seasonable here for Man is St. Paul's acknowledgment 2 Cor. 1.29 who is weak and I am not weak Yet put the Case with David he be so Strong and come to Eighty Years yet it is no Continuing City but a doubled Misery Labour and Sorrow Psal. 90.10 and a City of no Strength IV. Secondly a City is a Figure of Vnity Psal. 122.3 Jerusalem is as a City that is at unity with it selfe in unity a city like each Building of it is an Aggregation of many into one the proper place of Laws and Government which are the Causes and Maintainers of Peace Vnity and Concord but alas we have no such City no Continuing Vnity but rather here continual Discord Witness too many Vnquiet Families our clamorous Streets
Brass for Gold Pebles for Pearls Earth for Heaven VII But let the advantages of Death mitigate the Fears which is apt to arise in us from the apprehensions of it when Abigall told Nabal the threatning Words of David the Text says 1 Sam. 25.27 his heart died within him and became as a Stone thus is it with the most of us when any Summons of Death is given nay not only with the most but even sometimes with the best Christ cometh to the Disciples on the Sea to preserve them from the Storm and they are Troubled Death cometh to deliver us from all evil and we exceedingly Tremble indeed the reason is because we Consider not that Death is a deliverance and an advantage to us what Chrysologus saith of Martyrs is true of all Good Men Their death is a birth and end a beginning they live by being killed and whilst they are thought to be extinguished on Earth they shine in Heaven and surely were this well pondered by us we would not seek Consolation against Death but Death it self would be our Consolation those Words of Job chap. 16.14 I have said to Corruption thou art my Father to the Worm thou art my Mother and Sister are not unfitly allegorized by Origen to this purpose as if he therefore called Corruption and Worms his Father and Mother because as Parents are comforters to their Children so were they to him VIII It is true the Separation of Soul and Body is Terrible and a natural Fear of it cannot but be in all I but it is as true in respect of the Godly that when this Separation is made the Soul is set at Liberty and rejoyceth yea the Body is at rest and knoweth no Trouble and is such a Separation to be feared this Life what is it but a going to Death and Death what is it but a going to Life little cause there is then sure why we should either too much Love the one or Fear the other shall that be the Object of our Fear says Tertullian Which freeth us from what ever is to be feared and this we have from the Mouth of a Roman I would not be Young again though God would grant it me and he giveth this Reason because when I die I shall go from my Inn to my home I. It is not Death it self but our mis-apprehension of Death is terrible to us says St. Ambrose Did we look through beyond Death at the happiness which followeth it would not be dreadful but Amiable in our Eyes and with the Apostle we would not Fear but desire to depart that of the Wise Man Prov. 14.32 the Righteous hath hope in his death the Caldee reads the Righteous hopeth he shall dye so far is a Good Man from fearing of that he hopeth for his dissolution and though he dare not rashly hasten yet he willingly entertaineth it whensoever sent by the Almighty to him X. Now if a good Life preceed an happy Death cannot but follow nor is it probable a happy Death should be the Consequent if a religious Life hath not been the Antecedent some there are who would invert these Words of the Apostle Phil. 1.21 To me to live is Christ but to die is Gain and make Gain the predicate of the former and Christ of the latter thus doth every Covetous man say To me to live is Gain and to dye is Christ Vain Men who will have Gold to be their God and yet Christ to be their Redeemer they will serve Mammon whilst they live and yet be saved by a Saviour when they dye but it will be Just with Christ to say to all such Mammonists in these Words of God to the Israelites in the day of their distress Go to the Gods which you have Served the Gain which you have lived to and let that deliver you in this hour of your Death XI Others there are who would severe these Clauses whilst they would gladly say To dye is Gain but not to live is Christ one was asked whether he had rather be Croesus or Socrates his answer was he would be rich Croesus in his Life and good Socrates at his Death you know whose Prayer it was Numb 23.10 Let me dye the death of the Righteous and let my last end be like his and it is that no doubt which many wish and desire nay hope who yet regardeth not to live the Life of the Righteous and that their Course to that end may be like his but what a Folly nay Madness is it for Men to expect to Reap that they do not Sow to Sow to the Flesh and to the World and yet Reap by Christ the Gain of everlasting Life after Death as therefore we expect the one let us endeavour the other and if Gain by Death be our Hope let living to Christ be our practice XII So that this Scripture thus Considered doth plainly put a difference between the Precious and the Vile the Godly and the Wicked whilst to these who live to themselves Death is a loss but to those that live to Christ it is a Gain Adrian was wont to say that Death is the Rich Man's fear and the Poor Man's desire and this I may well apply here Death either is or may be the bad Man's fear but the good Man's wish or to use St. Ambrose his Expression it is an Haven to the Just but a Shipwrack to the Guilty to the Good a Bed of Repose but to the Wicked a Rack of Torture The Man who liveth to the World saith to Death as Ahab to Elijah 1 Kings 21.20 Hast thou found me oh mine Enemy but he who liveth to Christ may say to it as David of Ahimaz 2 Sam. 18.27 it cometh with good tydings XIII And now would you on the one hand see the reason why you are so fearful of Death it is because your Consciences accuse you that you have not lived as becometh Christ's Disciples and so you may thank your own Guilty Consciences for those fears of Death it was not without reason that St. Paul saith 1 Cor. 15.56 The sting of death is Sin since Death is only venemous and deadly to them who live in Sin on the other hand would you see the way to a joyful End would you have Comfort in and Gain after Death Oh let it be your Study to live to Christ it is our Saviour's Counsel to his Disciples Mat. 6.25 Take no thought for your life let me alter it a little take no thought for your death but for your Life let your Care be to advance Christ in your lives and it will be his Care to Confer the Gain of Glory and Immortality upon you at your Death XIV Lastly I shall earnestly beseech you in those Words of our Saviour to his Disciples I say unto you all Watch indeed when we see many falling in their full Strength and snatch'd away in the prime of their days have we not reason to Watch and Watching to prepare for the Hour