the Sonne of God that ye may know that ye have eternal life and that ye may believe on the name of the Son of God that is perseverantly unto the end What will Mr. D. except against this Will he say as Estius and the Papists do that the Apostles meaning is not that every or any ordinary faithful man knoweth certainly that he is translated from death to life and therefore in the state of salvation but that he speaketh generally in the person of all the faithful and is thus to be understood We Christians know by an assured faith that all good faithful people of which number we severally trust that we are are translated from death to life But surely this Expositiō of his est nimis jejuna is too hungry and leane For what comfort will it be to any one to know certainly that all good Christians and true believers are translated from death to life as long as he knoweth not whether he himself be of that number but doubteth hereof Again Shall we think or can we perswade our selves that St. John wrote so large an Epistle and used so many Arguments only to make known unto the faithful that all good Christians or that all good faithful people have their sins pardoned and are in the state of salvation which they never doubted of It s certain That St. John in writing this Epistle had a farther intent and that is to make it evident unto us by many infallible signes and tokens how we may know that we are the Children of God and that we are translated from death to life which is a matter of greatest comfort and rejoycing to a Christian heart that can be Mr. D. indeed for I would not willingly do him any wrong acknowledgeth that true charity is an assured signe or mark of grace received but for all that Cor a s pag. he holdeth that a Christian cannot certainly know that he hath charity whereby he may be assured that he is the Child of God But herein he joyneth with the Papists For they say as Estius doth quantum de dilectione fraternâ certi sumus tantum de isto look how much we are assured of our love to the Brethren so much are we assured of that also he meaneth that we are translated from death to life whereof he spake before Now he hath told us that this cannot certainly be known of us and so his meaning is as also Mr. D. that we cannot certainly but conjecturally only know that we love the Brethren Thus both Mr. D. and they would make St. John a silly and sory disputant as if he would prove ignotum per ignotius that which is unknown to us by another thing which is as much or more unknown for how can we know that we have passed from death to life because we love the Brethren if we have no more certain knowledge of this then of the former Our conjectural hope that we love the Brethren will only breed and beget in us an Opinion that we are translated from death to life but no knowledge thereof at all But on the contrary St. John saith not We hope we conjecture or we think but we know that we have passed from death to life And he proveth it as effectu tanquam signo hujus infallibili by an effect of this translation as an infallible sign thereof because saith he we love the Brethren Thus he maketh our love of the Brethren an evidence that we are in the state of salvation And hereupon St. Augustine writing on these words saith redeat unusquisque ad cor suum Si ibi invenerit charitatem fraternam securus sit quia transiit à morte ad vitam Let every one return unto his own heart if he doth there finde brotherly charity let him be secure because he hath passed from death to life Surely St. Augustine would never have spoken thus if he had thought that a Christian can have no certain knowledge of his love to the Brethren For it is not an uncertain hope or an opinion grounded on conjectures that can breed and beget any security in the soul Thus Christian Reader I have given thee a tast of Mr. D. his faculty in expounding of the Scriptures after his fancy More of his detorted Expositions I cannot acquaint thee with because I neither remember any more nor have his Book by me it being restored to the owner by him that lent it me long since And indeed I should both trouble my self and the Reader in rehearsing any more of them and this Treatise would swell and grow into too great a bulk whereby the weaker sort of Christians might be deterred and discouraged from reading of it for whose sake principally I have penned and published it that they may be setled and stablished in the truth which hath been formerly taught them and not be carried away with the deceiptfulness of novellous errors Here I made an end long since and thought to have proceeded no further but upon a second review of Mr. D. his three Treatises I started these Questions following which having discussed and determined I do here add unto the former hoping that they will not be altogether unacceptable unto not a few good Christians because the most of them may give some satisfaction unto them in divers doubts and scruples of Conscience wherewith their souls are exercised Quest 16. WHether all that are called of God and consequently that are his Children have alwayes and at all times their hearts ravished and replenished with surpassing joy and comfort Quest 17. Whether the Repentance which the Prophets taught and exhorted their hearers unto in the old Testament be the same which is taught in the new Quest 18. Whether there was any actual forgiveness of sin in the old Testament Quest 19. Whether there be not many things to be done by us before we can be saved Quest 20. Whether a man may not have a steadfast hope in God that he shall be saved who hath a care to keep Gods Law to do all things commanded and to shun all things forbidden to the uttermost of his power Quest 21. Whether a desire to believe be faith it self Quest 22. Whether he that useth the means of salvation constantly may not confidently expect and hope to be saved through Gods mercy in Christ Quest 23. Whether every one that he may be assured of the forgiveness of his sins and of his salvation is without reason or against reason to believe that his sins are pardoned and that God hath given him eternal life Quest 24. Whether he that hath oppressed defrauded or otherwise wronged his Neighbour in his goods and outward Estate can believe that his sins are pardoned before he hath made him restitution and satisfaction Quest 25. Whether the way for a wicked man to overcome and leave his sins be for him to believe that his sins are pardoned and forgiven him Quest 26. Whether every one that truly believeth in Christ be assured of salvation Quest 27. Whether every one who in his Conscience is not assured of his reconciliation to God and of his own salvation be a wicked man Quest 28. Whether a man can take no comfort in any of Gods promises unless he be first assured of his Faith FINIS
Repentance as is to be seen Math. 3.2 And thus when the Apostles were sent by Christ to preach the Gospel to the Jewes it is also said of them that they went out and preached that men should repent yea Mar. 6.12 contrary to the Opinion and practise of our new teachers we are told Heb. 6.1 that the Apostles when they planted Churches began and laid the foundation in the Doctrine of Faith and Repentance And indeed that which is else-where written and recorded of the Apostles preaching of Christ and his Gospel doth sufficiently evince and testifie that they offered not remission of sins and salvation by Christ to all absolutely without any conditions but exhorted men to repent and believe in Christ that they might obtain pardon of their sins and be saved by him Thus when certain who were pricked in their hearts by hearing Peter preach Act 2.37 said unto him and to the rest of the Apostles Men and Brethren what shall we do Peter said unto them Repent and be baptized every one of you in the name of Jesus Christ for the remission of sins The same St. Peter also having reproved the Jewes for consenting to Christs death and shewed them who he was in the next place he letteth them understand what they were to do that they might be saved by him Repent ye therefore and be converted Act. 3.19 that your sins may be blotted out when the times of refreshing shall come from the presence of the Lord. When the Jaylor also being terrified and troubled in his mind with the fear of Gods judgements Act. 16.30 31. came to Paul and Silas and said to them Sirs What must I do to be saved they said Believe on the Lord Jesus Christ and thou shalt be saved And St. Paul saith that he being called and sent of God Act. 26.20 shewed both to Jewes and Gentiles that they should repent and turn to God and do works meet for repentance These things which I have thus alledged do manifest and make it evident that the Apostles did never offer salvation unto any but upon condition of their repentance and faith in Christ Now that all other Ministers of the Gospel ought to do the like those words of our Saviour do sufficiently inform us when he saith That repentance and remission of sins should be preached in his name among all Nations Luc. 24.47 Not remission of sins singly and a part by it self as our neotericks will have it but repentance and remission of sins together Thus did Christ and thus did his Apostles preach and thus hath Christ ordained that all other should preach We may be assured therefore that this is the best or rather the only way of preaching the Gospel For were there any better we cannot otherwise think but that Christ would both have followed it himself and have injoyned all his Ministers to do the same SECT II. Where is shewed which is the most profitable way of preaching the Gospel THis that I have said might be a sufficient Answer to the former Question and to all the several parts and branches of it Notwithstanding because the novellists do cry out against us and say that with our many years preaching we have converted few or none but by urging such a necessity of repentance to the obtaining of salvation as we do do terrifie and trouble many and drive them into desperation therefore I will now by Gods gracious assistance prove unto them that our Doctrine is more likely to convert sinners and to comfort them being converted then theirs To speak first of the former We do indeed denounce Gods judgements against men while they live in sin and are led by their carnal lusts telling them that they must repent and amend their lives if they will have any hope of salvation by Christ Thus do we deal with obstinate sinners endevouring to save them with fear that is with the terror of Gods judgements as St. Jude commandeth us Jud. Vers 22 23. If such preaching do no way at all conduce to a sinners conversion why doth he say On some have compassion making a difference and others save with fear pulling them out of the fire But they tell us that we lay too hard a task upon men and that they have no power Object nor ability to repent and practise these things which we do require of them It s true they have not of themselves but it doth not follow hereupon Answ that our preaching of repentance unto sinners and our denouncing of Gods judgements against them is in vain and to no purpose 1. For the Spirit of God worketh with and by his word when it is preached and maketh it effectual at one time or other to as many as are ordained to eternal life The Law indeed only terrifies sinners but converteth none Act. 13.48 2 Cor. 3.7 8 9. for which cause the Apostle calleth it the Ministry of death and of cōdemnation but the Gospel he calleth the Ministry of the spirit because God sends down his spirit into the hearts of the Elect while the Gospel is ministred and preached unto them for so we read of Cornelius his Companions Act. 10.44 that while Peter preached the Holy Ghost fell on all that heard the word And while Lydia heard Paul preach the Lord by his spirit opened her heart and converted her to the faith of Christ Thus is the spirit given in the Ministry of the word Act. 16.14 and maketh it effectual to work Faith and Repentance in the Elect when these duties are preached and pressed upon them 2. Again We have this comfort that Christ hath merited for those that do believe in him 1 Cor. 1.36 not only the pardon of their sins but the spirit to sanctifie them and to work repentance in them Act. 5.31 We are not therefore to set upon the work of repentance in our own strength for then we are sure to be soyled and shall prevail nothing but we are to rely on Christ for his spirit and for his grace Gal. 3.14 that we may thereby be inabled to do those things which he requireth of us For we receive the promise of the spirit that is the spirit of God which Christ hath merited for us and God hath promised us by Faith Thus though we be never so weak of our selves yet as St. Paul saith Phil. 4.13 we are able to do all things that God requireth of us through Christ which strengtheneth us 3. And lastly We have this comfort also that by our prayers we may obtain not only other inferior gifts but the Holy Ghost himself Luck 11.13 the Authour of all sanctifying grace as our Saviour assureth us hereof Albeit then we be never so unable of our selves to repent and to bring forth the lively effects and fruits thereof yet by our prayers offered up unto God in the name of Christ we may obtain power to do all these things Such strong
your trespasses 1 Cor. 6.9 Know ye not that the unrighteous shall not inherit the Kingdom of God Be not deceived neither fornicators nor adulterers c. shall inherit the Kingdom of God Heb. 12.14 Without holinesse no man shall see the Lord. 1 John 3.14 We know that we have passed from death to life because we love the brethren The Refinement of Zion Quest 1. Whether Christ and his righteousnesse be made ours by faith And whether we do put on Christ by faith Or rather whether He be not to be set forth freely in the preaching of the Gospel without any condition SECT I. A certain Authors Opinion concerning this Question SOme Protestants holy men The Doctrine of John Baptist saith this Author do say that Christ is made ours in the sight of God by faith alone Christ being the garment our Faith the hand that putteth this Garment on yet methinks saith he that here is Christ set forth upon some conditions not so freely given I must here saith he profess my Ignorance that I cannot conceive how faith should put on Christ apply Christ or make Christ ours in the sight of God I therefore professe my self openly to leane unto them that say that Christs righteousnesse is made ours before God by Gods imputation before the act of our faith and therefore necessarily without it Even as our sins were made Christs so is his righteousnesse made ours Now how were our sins made Christs Let the Prophet Esay speak The Lord laid on him the iniquity of us all so that the Lord who calleth things which are not as though they were makes us righteous by His imputation of Christs righteousnesse Thus far this Author SECT II. Christs Righteousnesse is made ours by Faith NOw that I may examine these things It is true Christs righteousnesse is made ours by imputation ours who believe in him and hereupon we are said to be justified by faith But where in all the Scripture do you read that we are justified without faith or that God imputeth Christs righteousness consequently remission of sins to any Infidels or unbelievers Object But saith he Christs righteousness is made ours by imputation therefore not by Faith Answer I answer Subordinata non pugnant the latter of these is in some sort subordinare unto the former there is no repugnancy therefore between them for Christs righteousness is made ours ex parte Dei on Gods part by Imputation but ex parte nostra on our part by Faith whereby we receive both Christ and remission of sins John 1.12 Act. 10.43 26.18 and salvation by him offered unto us in the Gospel I do therefore retort this argument upon the Author of it thus As our sins were made Christs so is his righteousnesse made ours but our sins were made Christs not only by Gods imputation but by his voluntary taking them upon him therefore we also are made righteous not only by Gods Imputation but by our taking and receiving Christs righteousness by Faith Again saith he as Christ became sin for us so are we made the righteousness of God in him Confer p. 17. Isa 53.6 But say I Christ became sin for us not only by his Fathers imputation or as I say faith by his laying on him the iniquity of us all but by his own taking of our sins upon him to satisfie Divine Justice Joh. 10.15 18. Rom. 8.32 and to expiate them by his passion as these words of His bear witnesse I slay down my life for my sheep no man taketh it from me I lay it down of my self Again as St. Paul saith that God spared not his own Son but delivered him up Eph. 5.2 that is to death for us all So saith he also That Christ gave himself for us an offering and a sacrifice to God for a sweet smelling savour Wherefore seeing we are so made the righteousnesse of God in Christ as he became sin for us it followeth necessarily that together with Gods act in imputing Christs righteousness unto us there concurreth also our act in receiving his righteousness when in the Gospel it is offered unto us But of this more at large hereafter in the sixth question SECT III. Christ is made ours by Faith LEt us now in the next place examine and see whether Christ be made ours in the sight of God by faith Mr. D. thus expresses himself concerning this I must here professe my ignorance that I cannot conceive how Faith should make Christ ours in the sight of God It should seem he doth not altogether deny that Christ is made ours by Faith but will not yield that he is thus made ours in the sight of God Now what his meaning in this may be I do not certainly know unless perhaps it be that he is made ours by Faith declaratively only to our own consciences of which see Quest 6. But when those holy men of whom he speaketh do say that Christ is made ours in the sight of God by Faith they do not exclude neither God the Author and principal efficient of this work nor the word the external instrumental cause thereof but all our own works in opposition to faith Their meaning therefore is that Faith is the only internal instrument ex parte nostra on our part or the only hand as it were of the Soul whereby we do receive Christ and he according to his gracious promise unto all that do believe in him is made ours Again when they say that Christ is made ours in the sight of God by Faith alone they do oppose Gods judgement unto mans Men indeed judging according to the judgment of charity do hold him to be a good Christian and one that is interested in Christ who outwardly maketh profession of Christ and in the sight of man is unreproveable in his life and conversation But as Almighty God himself said unto Samuel The Lord seeth not as man seeth 1 Sam. 16.7 for man looketh on the outward appearance but the Lord seeth the heart In his sight therefore who seeth things and pronounceth of them as they are Christ is made ours not by an outward profession but by Faith alone I am induced to be of this judgment with these holy men good Protestants which Mr. D. here speaketh of by these Reasons following First Christ is not ours until we are made one with him and he with us no more then a woman can say that her husband is hers until they are made one by marriage 2 Cor. 11.2 It is their union or their being joyned together in marriage which maketh the husband to be his wives and the wife to be her husbands And even in like manner is Christ made ours when we are espoused unto him by faith and not before whereupon it is that Christs Spouse speaketh with great rejoycing and saith My well-beloved is mine and I am his Cant. 2.16 Again when it is said that Christ is ours what is the meaning
would know therefore how they came to have Christ but by receiving him when he was offered unto them in the preaching of the Gospel But here it may be said Christ in his Gospel Question requireth of us Repentance and new Obedience as well as Faith Mark 1.15 Heb. 5.9 Acts 3.26 Why then should we be said to receive Christ and to apply him and his merits unto us any more by Faith then by our Repentance To this I answer Answer That Faith is required of us as the only instrument or means whereby we are to receive Christ and his merits when they are offered unto us in the Gospel For so ye have heard the Scripture tell us that Christ is received by Faith and Paul saith Acts 26.18 that forgiveness of sins and the inheritance of Heaven which Christ hath purchased for us are received by Faith Now there is no such thing spoken of Repentance or new Obedience but they are required in another respect or for another Reason to wit That we may have communion with Christ and glorifie the name of God and his Gospel by living holily Thus both Faith and Repentance are Conditions of the Covenant of Grace or of the Gospel but in divers respects For by Faith we receive Christ and salvation by him and without Repentance we cannot receive him or the salvation which by his death he hath purchased and in his Gospel offereth unto us Briefly then thus it is Faith is a condition necessary to be performed by us that we may thereby receive Christ and be incorporated and united unto him Repentance is Conditio sine qua non that is a necessary condition without the performance whereof 2 Cor. 6.14 Heb. 5.9 we can have no communion with Christ nor hope of Heaven SECT V. Christ is freely given notwithstanding the Conditions that are required of us Object BUt he objecteth again and saith Yet methinks that Christ is here set forth upon some conditions and not so freely given Answ Yes he is freely given that is gratis notwithstanding these conditions For they are not meritorious as in many compacts and Covenants that passe between man and man but conditions to which Christ and his merits are freely offered and given in the Gospel through the meer mercy and goodness of God and not for any merit or desert of these conditions I would know of these men whether the Kingdom of Heaven and the glory thereof be not freely given us of God Yet I hope they will not deny but that Faith Repentance and new Obedience must go before tfie fruition and possession thereof Heb. 12.14 as conditions or as things on our part to be performed or else we shall never come there What doth not the Apostle set it down as a condition of our glorification and salvation in Heaven when he saith to the Collossians Now hath Christ reconciled you in the body of his flesh through death to present you holy and unblameable Col. 1.22 and unreproveable in his sight if you continue in the Faith grounded and setled and be not moved away from the hope of the Gospel Like whereunto is that of the same Apostle 1 Tim. 2.15 where he saith that the woman notwithstanding the dolorous pains in child-birth which God hath laid upon her shall be saved if they continue in Faith and charity and holiness with sobriety The like conditionals we meet with Rom. 11.22 Rev. 3.20 and in divers other places of the new Testament Whence these men who take upon them to be the only Patrons of free Grace may see how absurdly they reason when they say Grace is free therefore nothing is required of us antecedenter to the receiving of Christ or of justification or of any other grace For I would know of them whether eternal life be not 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 the free gift of God or a gift of Gods grace as the Apostle calleth it Rom. 6.23 Now what will they say that nothing is to be done of us that we are neither to repent nor believe nor to do any good works before we come to Heaven that we may be saved by grace If so then let them profess themselves Libertines or if they will not do that let them take heed that they do not lay down such Principles whence Libertinisme may necessarily be inferred For I would know of them where in all the Scripture remission of sins is so granted by God that nothing is required of us neither Faith nor Repentance Where there is such an absolute grant a man is tied to nothing whence it will follow that he may have remission of sins and consequently be saved although he never believe repent nor amend his life but live in sin all his dayes But that I may let them see wherein they do deceive themselves Whereas they say That grace is free Objection therefore nothing is required of us but Christ is freely to be offered and preached to all even to those that live in sin as well as to any others without any conditions I answer That they do deceive themselves and others with an equivocation For when they say grace is free Answer the meaning hereof is that it is gratuita free in regard of any recompence or satisfaction and so freedome in this sense is opposed to merit but the meaning is not that we are inde liberati à conditionibus fidei et resipiscentiae thereby freed from the conditions of Faith and repentance without which there is no remission of sins nor salvation to be had no more then we are freed ab officio gratitudinis erga Deum from our duty of thankfulnesse towards God after we are justified and in the state of grace Yet thus do these men speak of freedom when they say grace is free opposing freedom not to merit but to any bond of duty towards God in the same sense as St. Paul doth when he saith that a woman is free from the Law of her husband when he is dead Rom. 7.3 SECT VI. In what sense and signification this word Grace is used and taken in holy Scripture and that we do ascribe our salvation wholly to Grace BUt that I may make this yet more plain I say that Grace is taken in several senses and significations in holy Scripture but principally in these two First properly pro gratuita Dei benevolentia et favore for the free good will and favour of God as when the Apostle saith Eph. 2.8 Ye are saved by Grace that is by the free favour and mercy of God Rom. 3.24 Rom. 4.16 Eph. 1.5.6 And so it is to be understood in those sayings All have sinned and come short of the glory of God being justifyed freely by his Grace And therefore it is of Faith that it might be of Grace And having predestinated us to the adoption of children by Jesus Christ to himself according to the good pleasure of his will to the praise of the glory of his Grace
Secondly Grace is taken by a Metonymie for a supernatural gift of grace Eph. 4.7 2 Cor. 6.1 as in these places following Unto every one of us is given grace according to the measure of the gift of Christ c. We beseech you that ye receive not the Grace of God in vain Under this latter signification of Grace are comprehended both Christ himself John 4.10 for he calleth himself the gift of God and all the several Acts also or parts of our salvation which he hath merited for us and worketh in us or bestoweth upon us as our justification adoption sanctification preservation in the state of Grace redemption from hell and eternal glorification and salvation in Heaven Now judge whether those can be enemies to Grace or whether they are justly charged not to preach free Grace who do thus ascribe our whole salvation to the Grace of God It is true indeed we do teach men to repent and believe in Christ that they may be saved by him but withal we do teach them that Faith and Repentance are Graces of God or dona ex gratiâ gifts of his Grace and that they cannot practise nor perform them viribus liberi arbitrii sui by their own free will or by any power of their own but must seek and sue unto God for them in the use of such means as he hath prescribed For God doth not force his graces upon us nor doth not work upon us as on stocks or stones but seeing he hath made us reasonable creatures he therefore speaketh unto us by his word and perswadeth and inableth us by his Spirit to do those things which he requirerh of us Thus he dealeth with us as with men but yet so that still our salvation is wholly of his grace both the beginning middle and the end thereof For though it bee we that do repent and believe and obey and not God yet we do all this not of our selves but by his grace Thus do we alwaies and in all things magnifie and extol the grace of God acknowledging it to be the only cause of our whole salvation by Christ Yet all this that I have said Objection Mr. S. thinketh to overthrow by saying That all sorts even Papists and Arminians do thus acknowledge grace in general as we do But who seeth not that we do more then so Answer For whereas they do divide the salvation of a sinner between mans Free-will and Gods free grace yea do terminate his conversion ultimately and leave it in the power of his own Free-will we ascribe it only to grace Quest 2. Whether a man when he is converted from Infidelity to Fayth do change his estate before God Reconcil of God to man pag. 32 MAster D. saith that a mans believing doth not change his estate before God Whereupon that I may passe my censure this I say that if before God he meaneth only according to that he is in Gods eternal predestination this may be admitted for so he is a believer that is decreed to be a believer from all eternity But if his meaning be that his estate before he believed and after his conversion is the same before God that is in Gods account or in reality and truth as well as in outward appearance in which sense Zachary and Elizabeth are said both to be righteous before God this may not be granted For upon Zacheus his conversion our Saviour spake unto him and said Luke 1. This day is salvation come unto this house He was not in the state of salvation therefore before Now the same is to be said of all other converts and true believers whereof is to be seen in the Ephesians Eph. 2.1 2. of whom St. Paul saith You hath he quickned who were dead in trespasses and sins wherein in times past ye walked and afterwards he speaketh unto them and saith Ye were sometimes darkness Eph. 4.8 but are now light in the Lord. Now I would know whether he doth not change his estate that passeth from death to life which our Saviour our in express words affirmeth of the believer John 5.24 and from darkness to light As manifest a change of their estate do those words of the Apostle import and imply when he saith unto them Remember that ye being in times passed Gentiles in the flesh that at that time ye were without Christ Eph. 2.11 12 13. being aliens from the Common-wealth of Israel and strangers from the Covenants of promise having no hope and without God in the world But now in Christ Jesus ye who were sometimes far off are made nigh by the blood of Christ Can any thing be spoken more plainly to shew what a great difference there was between their former estate and condition whilest they remained in infidelity and their present since they were converted to the Faith of Christ To be without Christ and without God and to be nigh unto God and unto Christ that is to be the children of God and members of Christ must needs argue a great change in a mans spiritual estate Those words also of St Paul Col. 1.13 do evince as manifest a change of our spiritual estate when he saith That God the Father hath delivered us from the power of darkness and hath translated us into the kingdom of his dear Son For how is it possible there should be any such translation if our state remained unalterable and still the same It is false therefore that Mr. D. teacheth to wit Reconcil of God to man pag. 27.28 That our Faith only giveth us evidence and assurance of our salvation which we had before but that we are not to believe and to serve God that we may obtain salvation non per modum meriti not by way of merit I mean not so but that we may obtain by Faith both right unto and possession or fruition of that salvation in Heaven which Christ hath purchased for us In this he contradicteth the Scripture for St Peter calleth the salvation of our souls the end of our Faith Now I would know 1 Pet. 1.9 whether a man doth undertake or do any thing nisi ex intuitu et cum intentione finis but for some end or other which he propounds unto himself When we do therefore believe in Christ and Repent us of our sins past we do it with this intention and for this end That we may be partakers of eternal salvation in Heaven through Christ Whereupon when the Jaylor demanded of Paul Silas Sirs What must I do to be saved Acts 16.31 They said Believe in the Lord Jesus and thou shalt be saved thou and thine house He findeth fault with this question Reconcil of God to man pag. 34. If the Jaylor had asked this question of Mr. D. he in choâ—er scorn would have answered him What thou ignorant and impious man dost thou ask me what thou must do to be saved as if Christ had not throughly wrought and
his Love as man is and not rather understand them to speak popularly of the Love of God as the Scripture it self doth in those places which I have before alleadged that is not in regard of the essence but of the efficiency and influence thereof in its gracious and most comfortable effects He hath the more reason thus candidly to inrerpret their words because they are at least some of them no such babes that they can be thought to be ignorant of the eternity and immutability of Gods Love being considered simply as it is in it self any more then of his other Attributes Quest 4. What is meant by our Reconciliation to God SECT I. Wherein is shewed What it is Reconcil of man to God pag. 48. Reconcil of God to man pag. 34. MR. D. distinguisheth hereof and saith That it is twofold 1. Gods Reconciliation to us 2. Our Reconciliation to God Of which he speaketh thus We have not one jot not one apex in all the new Covenant to be found of reconciling God to us but of our reconciliation to God Why then doth he write so much of Gods reconciliation to us not well weighing what he saith For Reconciliation importeth precedent enmity or at least some distast and displeasure taken for some fault committed or offence given For as Zanchius In Epistolam ad Coloss Davenantius and other learned do say Reconciliare nihil aliud est quà m amicitiam offensione aliqua diremptam resarcire et sic inimicos in pristinam concordiam reducere To reconcile is nothing else than to repair friendship after it hath been broken off by some offence and so of enemies to make them agree again as they did formerly In this sense our Saviour himself speaketh of Reconciliation when he saith If thou bringest thy gift to the altar Matth. 5.23 and there remembrest that thy brother hath ought against thee that is that he is offended with thee for some fault or offence or other which thou hast committed against him leave there thy gift before the altar and go thy way and be reconciled to thy brother that is go and confesse thy fault to him and give him that satisfaction which is meet and so regain his favour Now thus cannot God be said to reconcile himself unto us seeing there is no need thereof nay seeing it is altogether impossible there should be any such thing It is therefore but an improper or an abusive speech to say that God was alwaies reconciled unto us And this indeed Mr. D. ingenuously acknowledged Reconcil of God to man pag. 5. for because God alwaies loved his elect therefore saith he he cannot properly be said to reconcile himself unto them And may not I say further Because he never wronged them nor gave them any just cause of offence therefore in propriety of speech he cannot be said to reconcile himself unto them But I have no intent to carp at words so that no wrong sense be couched under them For I know th at good Divines other good Authors do now and then speak of Reconciliation as common to both parties See Estius in Lib. 4. Sent Dâ—st 35. Sect. 7. Uxor marito reconciliatur quae offensa est Erasmus annot in 1 Cor. 7. I come therefore to the other branch of his distinction that is Our reconciliation unto God In remissione igitur peccatorum cum primis consistit haec reconciliatio in quit Zanchius in haec verba Pauli ab illo citata ad Eph. cap. 2. Reconcil of man to God p. 48. 50. St. Paul sheweth us wherein this doth consist when he saith that God was in Christ reconciling the world unto himself not imputing their trespasses unto them For hereby he giveth us to understand that our reconciliation to God consisteth in his pardoning of our sins and accepting of Christs Passion as a satisfaction unto his justice for them But Mr. D. taketh it in another sense For he distinguisheth of mans reconciliation to God and saith that it is either Original whereby our nature was reconciled unto God by the death of his Son without any condition or qualification wrought in us or Actuall which he calleth the reconciliation of our persons or consciences and saith that it is wrought within us although not by our own power Now he understandeth hereby nothing else Reconcil of man to God pag. 51. but that I may use his own words the manifestation of Gods reconciliation to us and of the reconciliation of our nature to God in Jesus Christ But surely not only our natures but our persons are reconciled to God by the death of Christ Heb. 9.14 Yea the blood of Christ as the Apostle saith doth purge our Consciences from dead works to serve the living God because Christ by his death hath purchased not only the pardon but the purging away of our sinful corruptions By Christs death then we are reconciled to God in regard of merit but we are actually reconciled unto God when by Faith we do receive Christ and do apply his merits unto our souls Of the former the Apostle speaketh 2 Cor. 5.19 20. viz. Rom. 5.10 Eph. 2.16 when he saith God was in Christ reconciling the world unto himself and in the other places alledged by Mr. D. Of the latter when he saith We pray you in Christs stead that ye be reconciled unto God Now how the former can be said to be Original and the Reconciliation of our Nature I cannot see nor conceive seeing it was wrought for us by Christ without us and is not originally neither propagated to us nor inherent in our Nature as Original sin is Again what reason hath he to call the manifestation of our Reconciliation to our consciences by the name of actual Reconciliation For though nothing doth appear or shew it self unto us until it doth actually exist Yet many things do actually exist and have being though they are not presently discerned of us SECT II. Objections answered Object BUt saith Mr. D. We were never out of Gods favour he alwaies loved us by our actual Reconciliation therefore unto God can be meant nothing else but the manifestation of Gods Reconciliation to us and of the Reconciliation of our Nature to God in Christ and not any actual bringing of us into Grace and favour with God Answer Hereunto I answer That although we were never absolutely out of Gods love and favour to speak of his Love as it is in it self yet notwithstanding he did not approve of us but disliked us and was offended and displeased with us while we continued in our sins we were in this regard therefore reconciled unto God until we were converted unto him and did by Faith lay hold on Christ even as David though he alwaies loved and favoured Absolon yet when he had slain his brother Ammon was offended and displeased with him and would not admit him into his presence until Joab wrought the means of his reconciliation But here it
will be said So also did Christ reconcile us unto his Father by his death Object therefore we were reconciled before we did believe in Christ It is true we were reconciled to God by his death Answer 1 quoad meritum vel quoad pretium redemptionis et reconciliationis nostrae in regard of the merit or price of our Redemption and Reconciliation but we are not actually reconciled until by Faith we do believe in Christ 1 John 5.11 12. and are united unto him For he that hath the Son hath life but he that hath not the Son hath not life but the wrath of God abideth on him And hereupon it was that St. Paul accounted all he had but as dung that he might win Christ Phil. 3.8 Math. 17.4 and be found in him For why Christ is the beloved Son of the Father in whom it is that he is well pleased with us As long therefore as we are out of Christ and remain in our sins we are liable to Gods displeasure and therefore had need to be reconciled unto him For though God loveth us ab aeterno from everlasting amore complacentiae with a love of complacencie and delight secundum intuitum praedestinationis suae that is as he beholds us justified and sanctified in his Decree of predestination yet being considered as we were of our selves when we remained in our sins and were aliens from Christ he could take no pleasure in us If this answer do not give full satisfaction then I say Answer 2 further that although God loves his elect eternally yet he suspendeth the saving effects of this his love towards them until they do believe in Christ In that regard therefore they may be said to be reconciled unto him when they are converted and do believe because he then taketh off this suspension by working in them the saving effects of his love and not only declaratively For first God works these effects in them and then by them declares and manifests his Love unto them and assures them thereof Answer 3 Lastly Though God loved us eternally as we were elected of him in his eternal Decree of Predestination that is in regard of the felicity and happiness which he alwaies intended us notwithstanding we were by God in his word bound over unto eternal punishment and condemnation for our sins while we lived in them but when we did return unto God and believe in Christ then we were justified and absolved from our sins and from the sentence of condemnation and consequently were actually reconciled unto God for there is no reall difference between the justification and reconciliation of a sinner When a sinner by Faith in Christ obtainerh pardon of his sins then he is reconciled to God St. Paul therefore useth the words justification and reconciliation promiscuously Rom. 5.9.10 and indifferently as importing the same thing being justified by the blood of Christ saith he we shall be saved from wrath through him This he proveth thus for if when we were enemies we were reconciled to God by the death of his Son where you see he putteth reconciled for justified implying there is no real difference between them much more being reconciled we shall be saved by his life See this proved afterwards Question 6. Now we are not actually justified from the sentence of condemnation which God in his word hath denounced against us for our sins until we do believe in Christ It follows necessarily therefore that we are not actually reconciled unto God until we do believe in Christ and are united unto him Quest 5. Whether the Doctrine of Reconciliation as Mr. D. hath propounded it be a better means of comfort to distressed consciences then our Protestant Doctrine is FIrst He teacheth that God was reconciled to us that is as he understandeth it that he loved us ab aeterne from all eternity without any precedent dispositions or qualifications which he found or fore-saw in us or any conditions to be performed by us to gain His love and His favour Now whatsoever comfort this can afford to any if it be a means to keep those that are great sinners or such as are troubled with the apprehension of their own unworthinesse from despair our Doctrine will do the same also For there is no judicious nor no orthodox Protestant who teacheth not that God loved us freely from everlasting and that His love is the cause of our loving Him and of all the goodness that is in us as St. John saith We love him because he loved us first 1 John 4.19 and not that he loveth us because we love Him to speak properly of his Love as it is in it self though otherwise when we speak of Gods Love according to the influence it hath upon us or according to the gracious effects thereof we say as the holy Scripture doth that the Lord will love those that love him and keep his commandements In this sense our Saviour speaketh of Gods Love If a man love me he will keep my words John 14.23 and my Father will love him and we will come unto him and make our abode with him And John 16.27 The Father himself loveth you because ye have loved me have believed that I came out from God Where we must not so understand our Saviour as if he made his Disciples loving of him and believing him to be the cause why God did first set his Love upon them for he loved them erernally but to be the cause why God did aboundantly testifie his Love towards them by many gracious rare and most comfortable effects thereof rather than to the world We may say therefore as Dionysius Carthusianus doth That our Saviour in these words setteth down the cause of Gods Love à posteriori that is he cause of the effects of Gods Love and so maketh his Disciples loving of him and believing in him a sign and an assurance unto them that his Father loved them Reconcil of man to God pag. 49 50 52 57. Secondly speaking of our Reconciliation to God that is as he expresseth himself of the declaration or manifestation of Gods Reconciliation to us he teacheth that we are thus reconciled to God by Faith only but maketh joy in the Holy Ghost and the Love of God and of our Brethren and new Obedience inseperable Companions of this our Reconciliation Now it a man cannot finde these graces in himself What great comfort can he take that Gods Love is eternal without any conditions on our par◠to be performed Or how can this encourage men against desperation more than our Doctrine which is That Gods Love may be known by the inseparable effects thereof For he will not say that God loves all or that he was from all eternity reconciled unto all but only unto the Elect. Until therefore a man shall finde in himself the undoubted effects of his Election he can take no great comfort in this that Gods Love is free and without
with his own right hand to be a Prince and a Saviour for to give repentance to Israel and remission of sins Acts 5.31 To whom also hath God promised remission of sins Verily not to those that do live in sin but that do leave their sins and return unto GOd Ezek. 18.21 22 23 24. Pardon of sin therefore or which is all one justification and absolution from sin is not to be had until a man do repent and become a new man But what need I to heap up any more testimonies or to use any more reasons seeing St. Paul shutteth up his disputation of justification in these words Therefore we conclude that a man is justified by Faith without the deeds of the Law Rom. 3.28 It will not serve M. D.'s turn to say That Pauls meaning is that we are justified declaratively to our own consciences by Faith only and not by works For St. Peter who spake by the same Spirit that St. Paul did teacheth us That by the constant practice not only of Faith but of other vertues and good works also we are to make our Calling and Election sure 2 Pet. 2.10 that is to our own souls and consciences Consequently therefore by the same works may also be assured in our consciences of our justification before God and of our reconciliation to his Divine Majesty For he that is assured of his Election and of his effectual Vocation is assured of his justification and salvation Mr. D. therefore setteth a false glosse upon St Pauls words when he saith that his meaning is not that we are actually justified before God by Faith only but declaratively to our own consciences for thus are we justified by other Vertues as well as by Faith SECT II. Mr. D. his Objections answered ALL these plain Testimonies and many more Mr. D. thinketh to avoid and put off by saying that we were justified actually by Christs righteousness before we did believe even at that very time when he suffered his bitter Passion and bare our sins on his Body on the Tree and that therefore as I intimated before the Scriptures which say we are justified by Faith must be thus understood That Faith justifieth declaratively that is that our Faith declareth and maketh it evident unto our consciences that our sins are forgiven and that we are justified before God But the Scriptures as I have shewed do speak so plainly that they will not suffer themselves thus to be wrested Notwithstanding he goeth about to prove this his exposition by these Arguments following Object Confer p. 14. Rom. 4.5 Rom. 5.10 1. That the Act of our Faith is a Consequent of our justification and not an Antecedent is plain For God justifieth the ungodly And we were reconciled to God by the death of his Son when we were enemies Now saith he Believers cannot be called enemies but friends But we were reconciled when we were enemies The answer hereunto is easie to wit Answer That we were ungodly and so enemies antecedenter ad reconciliationem nostram that is before we were reconciled but not when we did actually believe The Apostle therefore in these words of his denotat tatum terminum à quo istius reconciliationis non terminum ad quem that is And so speaketh in the same sense as Isay doth c. 3. when he saith The lame man shall leap as an Hart and the tongue of the dumb sing which as Chamier saith must be understood in sensu diviso non in composito he sheweth what manner of persons we were before we were reconciled to God not what we are being reconciled He speaketh therefore in the same sense as our Saviour doth when he saith Math. 11.5 the lame walk and the deaf hear The meaning whereof no man will conceive to be that the lame still continuing lame did walk and that the deaf still continuing deaf did hear but that those who formerly were lame and deaf being cured by Christ did go and hear And even so in like manner when the Apostle saith that God justifieth the ungodly and that we were reconciled to God by the death of his Son when we were enemies the meaning is not That the ungodly remaining ungodly are justified or that any are enemies to God after they are actually reconciled unto him but that we who by nature and of our selves were ungodly and therefore enemies were justified from that ungodliness of ours and reconciled unto God when we believed in Christ Objection But saith he We were reconciled to God by the death of his Son Christ bare our sins in his body on the Tree Remission of sin therefore is even as ancient as satisfaction for sin and at what time Christ Jesus taketh our sins upon himself at the same time are the persons of Gods Elect just before the tribunal of Almighty God Answer Hereunto I answer That we were reconciled to God by the death of his Son meritoriè that is in regard of merit but are not actually reconciled until we do by Faith receive Christ apply the merits of his Passion to our souls In the same sense is Christ said to bear our sins on his Body on the tree that is the punishment of our sins whereby he purchased the pardon of them It doth not follow therefore neither from these nor from any other the like sayings that actual remission of sins is as ancient as satisfaction for sin nor that the persons of Gods Elect were just before the Tribunal of God at the same time when Christ Jesus took our sins upon himself Mr. D. therefore doth indeed wrest those places of Scripture which speak of the actual performance of the price of our Redemption when he alledgeth them to impugn actual remission of sins by Faith Another of his Objections is this Object Confer p. 15. They that are ingrafted into Christ Jesus are justified but we must be ingrafted into Christ Jesus before we can believe therefore we must be justified before we can believe What force and what strength there is in this reasoning of his I will request him to consider by the like Answer They that are ingrafted into Christ Jesus are holy for so are all his members but we must be ingrafted into Christ Jesus before we can believe therefore we must be holy before we can believe Will he say that this is rightly concluded from the premises No he must not for he telleth us that holiness cannot go before Faith but must follow it But to answer his Argument Confer p. 21. When he saith They that are ingrafted into Christ Jesus are justified But we must be ingrafted into Christ Jesus before we can believe If here he do understand priority of time I deny this Assumption of his For at the same time that we are ingrafted into Christ we receive power from him to believe Again seeing Christ is offered unto us in the Promises of the Gospel How can we be made partakers of Christ if we
the terrors of the law he be not first made to see in what a wofull case and condition he was by his sins to wit that he should have perished and been damned to unspeakable and unconceivable torments in Hell if God out of his surpassing love pity and compassion towards him had not provided and given him a Saviour Thus must we first be brought by the Law and the judgments and terrours thereof to apprehend our own misery before we can acknowledge the depth of Gods mercy and be inflamed with love towards him and stir up our selves unto thankfulnesse unto his Divine Majesty for the great and most gracious work of our redemption and salvation by Christ The preaching then of Hell and damnation and the rendring of a terrible account to a severe Judge is not the laying of the foundation neither of Faith nor of our justification and sanctification whereby we are made good Christians but a digging deep to remove the rubbish of self-confidence and spiritual pride and presumption that so the foundation of our conversions may be laid in the Love of God and of his comprehensible mercy towards us in Christ Jesus SECT VII Objections answered and the truth in this Controversy cleared AS long as any colourable specious and plausible objections against the truth remain unanswered men who have been taken and deluded by them will hardly be brought to renounce their errors no not when the truth shall be solidly taught and confirmed from the alone ground of all Divine and supernatural truth the holy Scripture Having therefore of late met with a Book of very high esteem with many intituled The exaltation of Christ in the dayes of the Gospel by T.C. and finding that the Author thereof doth teach that men are not at all prepared for Christ and Faith in him by the preaching of the Law but by hearing of the Gospel only I have thought good therefore not to passe over in silence but to examine those things he delivereth and the rather because his reasons and allegations do differ from those which I have before met with Exalt of Christ pag. 216. Edit 3 First he telleth us that though all are under the Law by nature yet it is the preaching of the Gospel that discovers it that is as he after explaineth himself that discovereth unto them that they are under the curse and condemnation of the Law See also before pag. 112. and so most miserable creatures He teacheth therefore that a man must first in the preaching of the Gospel see Christ and then by reflecting upon himself see his own misery which otherwise is not to be seen and discerned by the Law But in this he contradicteth St. Paul for he telleth us that by the Law cometh the knowledge of sin And he instanceth in himself Rom. 3.20 Rom. 7.7 and saith I had not known sin but by the Law for I had not known lust except the Law had said Thou shalt not covet Thus the Law sheweth us our sins yea and the punishment also Deut. 27.26 Gal. 3.10 that by them we have deserved when it saith Cursed is every one that continueth not in all things that are written in the Book of the Law to do them 2 Cor. 3.7.9 And hereupon it is that the Apostle calleth it the ministration of death and of condemnation For as the Law at the promulgation and publishing thereof upon Mount Sinai was delivered with great terrour so it still of it self terrifieth and astonisheth the consciences of sinners accusing them when they do evil as both St. Paul Rom. 2.15 and every mans own experience teacheth But let us take notice of the Arguments of Mr. C. whereby he endeavoureth to make good that which he hath taught Object First he telleth us That a man never savingly seeth his evil condition without Christ And again That it is the Spirit of God that discovereth sin unto him Now the preaching of the Law bringeth not this Spirit but the hearing of Faith as witnesseth St. Paul Gal. 3.2 But here first I would know of him why he saith Answ a man never savingly knoweth his evil condition without Christ For our salvation consisteth not in knowing of our evil condition but in the knowledge of Jesus Christ John 17.3 Isa 53.11 For a man to know his evil condition by sin is to know that damnation is due unto him for his sin Now many a man hath attained to this knowledg who was never saved Salvation therefore doth not at all consist in this but in a mans flying unto Christ and laying hold of him when he seeth how miserable his condition is become through sin Now whereas he alledgeth the Apostles words Gal. 3.2 to prove that a man is not brought by the preaching of the Law but of Faith to be made partaker of the Spirit without which he cannot see his miserable condition by sin I answer him That the Apostle speaks there partly of the miraculous gifts of the Spirit which were by God bestowed on none but those that had heard the Gospel and made profession of Faith in Christ and partly of the Spirit of adoption which also is peculiar to believers Now thus indeed we do not receive the Spirit by the preaching of the Law but otherwise Rom. 8.15 as the same Apostle giveth us elsewhere to understand we did by the Law receive the Spirit of bondage to fear His meaning is that the Spirit of God which we received from him illightning our minds with the true knowledge and understanding of the Law did fill our hearts with fears and terrours and so did put us as it were in a state of bondage at or before our conversion unto Faith in Christ We have need therefore of the illumination of the Spirit that we may throughly understand the Law For as long as men are left to themselves their very knowledge of the Law is but shallow and superficial as it to be seen in the Pharisees and in all those who are only civilly honest which sort of men are either not at all or but a little troubled in their souls and consciences with the fear of their sins or of hell and damnation Whereas then Mr. C. saith The Apostle was once alive without the Law that is without the spiritual understanding of the Law but when the Commandement came sin revived and he died that is when Christ had opened his eyes to see into the spirit of the Law the spiritual sense thereof I trow he meaneth In all this I do agree with him but not in that which followeth when he addeth That we come thus to know the spiritual understanding of the Law only by the preaching of the Gospel For I have already proved the contrary to wit that when the Law is preached men come to understand it by the illumination of the Spirit opening their minds to see the true meaning of the several precepts thereof Object But Mr. C thinketh by instancing in
deny thar the hearing of the Gospel goeth before Faith Now what shall we hereupon conclude that none but believers are to heat the Gospel I trow not For then there will be no hope of any mans conversion from infidelity or incredulity to Faith in Christ But that I may shew the weakness of his reasoning First I grant the major Proposition Sin cannot prepare for Christ The knowledge of sin may but not that which is absolutely and altogether sin or wherein nothing is to be found but sin for sin in this sense is opposite to all goodness Now whereas he assumeth in the minor Proposition and saith But all qualifications before Faith are sin Here I distinguish of sin and say that it is so vel per se vel per accidens either in it self and its own nature or accidentally because being otherwise good through the corruption and unbelief of him that committeth it it becometh sinful and evill as it proceeds from him Now of this latter sort is the hearing of the word both of Law and Gospel and all preparations wrought before Faith that is to say legal terrours confession of sin humiliation hope of pardon and the like For these are not evil but good in themselves and evil only by accident therefore in regard of the good that is in them they through Gods grace do prepare and dispose us unto our conversion and unto Faith in Christ I do wonder therefore that Mr. C. should say as he doth not only that all preparations and qualifications going before Faith are sin but that the preaching of such before Faith is sin Indeed it cannot but be great and grosse sin to preach and to stir men up to adultery whoredom rash swearing lying or to any thing that is simply and in it self sinful evil but otherwise I think no wise man will say that parents ought not to teach their children to know God and themselves to praise God and to perform all necessary duties both to God and man until they shall give good proof that they do believe in Christ There remaineth now only the last of Mr. C. Arguments which I shall briefly dispatch Object Christ saith he brings those Acts 2.37 from beholding of Christ to behold themselves and makes them cry out Men and brethren what shall we do c. For answer hereunto I say Answ that it cannot be concluded hence that men by the ordinary preaching of the Gospel are at all times without any sight of sin or any terrours wrought in their hearts by the Law brought to believe in Christ and so after this to see their sins For those Jews Acts 2. were by the miraculous gifts of the Holy Ghost bestowed on the Apostles convinced that Jesus whom they preached was the Christ And because they had consented unto and conspired his death hearing themselves accused of this by St. Peter they were pricked in their hearts with fear and sorrow knowing partly by the Law whereof they were not ignorant and partly by the Miracles which they saw that they were guilty of a most hanious murther But now that no such miracles and wonders are wrought what ordinary way is there to convince men of sin and of their danger thereby but by the preacâ—ing of the Law For by the Law cometh the knowledge of sin Rom. 3.20 Having thus examined Mr. C. Arguments and manifested the invalidity of them I will shut up this matter with shewing contrary to his Assertion that Christ is not alwaies first to be preached and that this is not the only way to bring mâ—n not only to Faith in Christ but also to the knowledge of themselves and of their sins and that therefore God never taught his people otherwise Unto this his Assertion I do oppose that which is to be read in St. Paul's Sermon unto the Athenians Acts 17. wherein he beginneth and preacheth the Law of nature unto them and thereby convinceth them of grosse idolatry and then sheweth them the necessity of repentance and preacheth Christ unto them It is not true therefore that Christ is alwaies first to be preached and offered and that men never come to see their sins until they do believe in Christ but rather on the contrary by seeing of their sins they come to see the necessity of Faith in Christ We read Acts 2â— that Foelix the Governour of the Jews under the Roman Emperour sent for Paul and heard him concerning the Faith in Christ And as he reasoned of righteousness and temperance which arâ— moral vertues taught and prescribed in the Law of nature and of judgment to come Foelix who was a most unrighteous and intemperate man trembled Now hence I infer 1. That it cannot be concluded that the Apostles did not preach the moral Law where it is said that they preached Christ or the Faith in Christ 2. That the knowledge of sin by the Law is necessary to prepare men for Faith in Christ For wherefore was it that Paul preached unto Foelix of righteousnesse and temperance but to bring him to the sight of his sins in which he lived contrary to those vertues that so despairing of salvation in himself being terrified with the judgment of God he might be driâ—en to receive Christ by Faith and to put the whole confidence of his salvation in him Yet I do not deny but that the children of God after that Faith is wrought in their hearts do ordinarily come to a more full sight and apprehension of their sins that are contrary to moral equity honesty but that is by a more perfect knowledg of the law whereby they see themselvs guilty of more sins against it then they took notice of before and of more impiety in sinning against greater light Even as the more they do grow in the knowledge undestanding of the Gospel the more they do see what sins they are guilty of against the Gospel Yea and in general also the more they do by the Gospel see and apprehend Gods mercy towards them in Christ the more wretched sinners do they acknowledge themselves to have been The sum of all is this Gods chiâ—dren are prepared unto Faith in Christ not always we say not so nor only by the preaching of the Law and the terrours thereof but more immediatly and much more by the preaching of the Gospel by hearing whereof they conceive some hope of pardon and are thereby kept from being swallowed up of desperation and do desire and pray for the forgivenesse of their sins and salvation by Christ and do never cease meditating of the gracious Promises of God in Christ until at length Faith is by the Gospel as the proper instrument or means thereof wrought in their hearâ—s For it is not the Law but the Gospel that as the Apostle saith is the power of God unto salvation Rom. 1.16 to every one that believeth Again it cannot be denyed but that men sometimes have been prepared unto their conversion to Faith
are visited with his corrections For if they believe that their sins are at least wise in part a cause of their afflictions 1. This will make them so much the more diligently to search and examine themselves that they may both find out their sins and purge them out by repentance saying with the Jews Lam. 3.40 Lam. 3.40 Come let us search and try our wayes and turn again unto the Lord. 2. It will make them also to humble themselves so much the more before the Lord saying with the Prodigal Luk. 15. Father I have sinned against Heaven and against thee and I am no more worthy to be called thy Son 3. It will make them also to pray the more fervently and effectually to God for mercy and forgiveness as David did being afflicted in minde with the sight and sense of his sins when Gods judgements were upon him Psal 38. 4. It will make them to hate and abhorre sin so much the more and the more to shun it for the time to come 5. And lastly As he in the time of the Law that was pursued for murther which he had unwittingly and unwillingly committed did flie hard to the Alter or to the City of refuge to save his life so when a man acknowledgeth that it are his sins that do cause God to persue him with his judgements it will make him to flie the faster unto and to lay the firmer hold on Jesus Christ that he may obtain forgiveness and salvation by him But when men do deny that their sins are any cause of Gods corrections then when they lie under his judgements they will neither search out their sins nor humble themselves before God for them nor pray so much the more earnestly for the pardon of them nor repent and turn unto God from them But on the contrary such persons as we see it is both the Opinion and the practice of many now at this day will say that they need not neither to repent nor to pray for the pardon of their sins nor to make any confession of them and so they take a course to shut Heaven gates against themselves For as St. John telleth us If we say that we have no sin we deceive our selves and the truth is not in us If we confess our sins 1 Joh. 1.8 9. that is with inward penitency compunction of heart and with a lively hatred and abhorring of them God is faithful and just to forgive us our sins and to cleanse us from all unrighteousness To the same effect speaketh Solomon Prov. 28.13 He that covereth his sins as every one doth who saith that he hath no sin shall not prosper but he that confesseth and forsaketh them shall find mercy Quest 12. Whether a man may be assured of Salvation by his love to the Brethren Quest 12 and by other effects and fruits of Sanctification Or whether he can be assured of Salvation no otherwise but onely by Faith in Christ SECT I. A Man may be assured of his Salvation by his Repentance TO this Mr. D. answereth When the soul is loaden with the burden of sin and sense of misery Confer p. 18 it is sufficient for our assurance to believe God in his promises and we read of nothing else Act. 16.31 Beleeve in the Lord Jesus Christ and thou shalt be saved No doubt it is true that he who believeth in God according to his promises which in the Gospel he hath made unto us I find saith he but one onely condition of actual Reconciliation of man to God p. 56. that is as he explaineth himself whereby we know that God is reconciled to us p. 51. Confer between a sick man c. p. 5. shall obtain remission of sins and salvation but these promises are not made to any one that continueth in sin although he be never so much terrified and troubled with the fear of Hell but to those only that repent and turn unto God And hereupon it is that the true Christian in believing repenteth and repenting believeth Thus Faith and Repentance are twisted together as it were and indeed are never separated as he himself acknowledgeth Whereupon it followeth necessarily also that a man may be assured of his salvation by his repentance And this he dareth not deny but saith that it is a sure mark of salvation whatsoever faileth But he hath no sooner granted this but in the next words he laboureth to rob and bereave Christians of all the comfort which their Repentance will afford them for he saith That a man cannot know his Repentance to be true neither by his hearty sorrow for his sins past nor by his steadfast purpose to forsake all sin and to walk in all godliness First He saith that Reprobates as Esau Gen. 27.1 and Judas Math. 27.3 repented and sorrowed heartily for their sins And saith he doubtless all that do despair do heartily sorrow for their sins as they that are swallowed up with over much sorrow But I answered him that such do sorrow heartily in deed but nor for their sins but for the punishment and damnation of them which they are afraid of The Apostle therefore calleth this Worldly Sorrow 2 Cor. 7.10 and saith that it causeth death but in the next words he telleth us that godly sorrow which is when a man after a godly manner is sory for sin because it is sin or because it is an offence against God and a dishonour to him worketh repentance unto salvation 2 Cor. 7.10 never to be repented of Whosoever therefore findeth such godly sorrow in himself may thereby be assured of salvation The like is to be said of him that purposeth not by fits and flashes but steadfastly to forsake all sin and to walk in all godliness For seeing the heart that is the will tanquam Regina as a Queen commandeth all the inferior faculties of the soul and members of the body It is certain therefore that if a man be not diverted from his purpose * If he be constant in his purpose I say for many times sensual affections do rebel against the will and do lead it away captive with them Act. 11.23 Heb. 13. Psal 119.6 but be constant in it he will perform it whilest he is not letted by outward violence which the soul or the conscience in working holiness never is And hereupon it was that Barnabas when he saw the grace of God which he had bestowed upon the Brethren at Antioch exhorted them that they would with purpose of heart cleave unto the Lord. And the Apostle speaking of himself saith We know we have a good Conscience in all things willing that is resolving to live honestly And hereby also did David assure himself of Gods favour when he said Then shall I not be confounded when I have respect unto all Gods Commandements That which he alleageth to impeach this Object is frivolous and of no weight to wit that the Scribes and Pharisees had a purpose
risen though perhaps that might not be the very first moment of the rising thereof when this was spoken and the Suns shining upon the wall is made a sign or an evidence and manifestation thereof And even so in like manner when our Saviour saith Her sins which are many are forgiven her his meaning was that they were really forgiven though not at that instant onely but from the first moment of her conversion And he maketh this manifest by his next words from her abundant love which she so many wayes shewed and expressed towards him saying For she loved much I know Mr. D. will not here say with the Papists that her love to Christ was the cause that he pardoned and forgave her her sins but that he drew an Argument from thence to prove and to evidence that her sins were forgiven And so this conjunction causal for est causa consequentiae non consequentis is only the cause of the consequence in his Argument or in his reasoning but not of the thing it self whereof he speaketh that is of the pardon of her sins He would prove also from the judgement of Protestant Interpreters that our Saviour speaketh not of remission of sins really but of the manifestation thereof because when we pray in the fifth Petition of the Lords Prayer Forgive us our trespasses they make this to be the meaning hereof that the Children of God whose sins are already pardoned do pray for more assurance thereof But I have shewed already Quest 9. that they make this to be the meaning thereof only in part and not the full sense of that Petition as Mr. D. would have it Recon of God to man pag. 43. Another place of Scripture which he perverteth and corrupteth by a novellous and strange Exposition are those words of St. Paul 1 Cor. 6.9 Know ye not that the unrighteous shall not inherit the Kingdom of God Be not deceived neither fornicators nor Idolaters nor Adulterers c. shall inherit the Kingdom of God The meaning hereof he will have to be that they shall not enter into the Kingdom of God here on Earth which is his Church But in expounding these words thus he commeth far short of the meaning of the Apostle for albeit it is most certain that the unrighteous are no true members of the Church though they be in it for a time yet the Scripture when it speaketh of the inheritance which Christ hath purchased for his Saints from which the unrighteous are excluded referreth the possession thereof not to this World where we sojourn for a time as Pilgrims in a strange Country but to that happy life that is to come Thus our Saviour at the day of judgement will say unto his Elect people and righteous Servants Mat. 25.34 Come ye blessed of my Father inherit the Kingdom prepared for you from the foundation of the world St. Paul also telleth us that flesh and blood shall not inherit the Kingdom of God 1 Cor. 15. neither shall corruption inherit incorruption Which words it were absurd to refer unto the Kingdom of grace or to say that the Apostle excludeth all such out of the Church here on earth who carry about them corruptible flesh and blood St. Peter also in plain words so speaketh of the inheritance of Heaven as of a thing the possession whereof is not to be had in this life but in the World to come Blessed be the God and Father of our Lord Jesus Christ which according to his abundant mercy hath begotten us again unto a lively hope by the Resurrection of Jesus Christ from the dead to an inheritance incorruptible and undefiled and that fadeth not away reserved in Heaven for you who are kept by the power of God 1 Pet. 1.3 4 4. through faith unto salvation ready to be revealed in the last time When St. Paul therefore saith that Fornicators Adulterers and such unrighteous persons shall not inherit the Kingdom of God his meaning is that they shall never enter into the glorious Kingdom of Heaven but be excluded thence and be cast into Hell 3. As strangely doth he expound those words of the Apostle Heb. 12.14 Recon of God to man p. 43 44. Without holiness no man shall see the Lord that is saith he with spiritual eyes or with the eyes of faith whereas the Apostle speaketh not here in praesenti of that Vision or seeing of the Lord which is to be had in this present World but in futuro of our seeing of him hereafter to our endless comfort in his Kingdom and in his glory in the same sense as St. John doth 1 Joh. 3.2 We know that when Christ shall appear we shall be like him for we shall see him as he is Most false therefore it is which Mr. D. saith To see God and to inherit the Kingdom of God are nothing else but to believe in God and in his Son Jesus Christ When we come to Heaven faith in Christ shall cease and yet we shall not cease then to see God Another place of holy Scripture 1 Cor. 13.13 Confer with a sick man pag. 7. 1 Ioh. 3.14 which he grosly perverteth with a false Exposition and so goeth about to deprive the godly of the comfort which they take from it are those words of St. John We know that we have passed from death to life because we love the Brethren Many good souls have acknowledged that when all other grounds of comfort have failed them or at the least when in time of temptation they have not been able to apprehend any comfort from any thing else yet these words of the Apostle have upheld them from despairing of their Estate because their Consciences did testifie unto them that they did unfainedly love and ardently affect all that are godly Now this comfort also Mr. D. denyeth them * Confer p. 9. I do saith he for the present believe that St. John doth principally speak of our assurance whereby we know one another to be the Children of God And Conf. p. 8. He telleth us that it is before man that our love beareth witness to our Faith For he saith that St. Johns meaning is not that a man may know by his love to the Brethren that he himself particularly is in the state of grace but that the faithful in general by means of the love which they professed and shewed one to another were well perswaded one of another and believed by the judgement of charity that they were all the Children of God But this Exposition of his crosseth the main scope and drift or the purpose and intention of the Apostle in writing this Epistle which was to comfort the faithful by shewing them what signes and tokens and particular evidences they had of the forgiveness of their sins and of their salvation by Christ for so he saith Chap. 5.13 These things have I written unto you whereof their love to the Brethren was one that believe on the name of