question_n and_o that_o they_o have_v much_o rather_o be_v put_v to_o death_n for_o their_o religion_n than_o to_o have_v their_o life_n spare_v to_o they_o by_o which_o mean_n they_o become_v conqueror_n choose_v rather_o to_o part_v with_o their_o life_n than_o to_o do_v what_o you_o impose_v upon_o they_o let_v i_o advise_v you_o say_v he_o who_o be_v ready_a to_o despond_v with_o every_o earthquake_n that_o happen_v to_o you_o to_o compare_v yourselves_o with_o they_o they_o in_o all_o their_o danger_n be_v secure_o confident_a in_o their_o god_n while_o you_o at_o such_o a_o time_n neglect_v the_o god_n and_o have_v little_a or_o no_o regard_n either_o to_o other_o rite_n or_o to_o the_o worship_n of_o that_o immortal_a deity_n but_o banish_v the_o christian_n that_o worship_v he_o and_o persecute_v they_o unto_o death_n so_o forcible_o do_v the_o majesty_n of_o truth_n extort_v a_o confession_n from_o its_o great_a enemy_n the_o end_n of_o the_o second_o part._n primitive_a christianity_n 3_o or_o the_o religion_n of_o the_o ancient_a christian_n in_o the_o first_o age_n of_o the_o gospel_n part_n iii_o of_o their_o religion_n as_o respect_v other_o man_n chap._n i._n of_o their_o justice_n and_o honesty_n christian_n religion_n admirable_o provide_v for_o moral_a righteousness_n do_v as_o you_o will_v be_v do_v by_o the_o great_a law_n of_o christ_n this_o rule_n high_o prize_v by_o severus_n the_o emperor_n the_o first_o christian_n account_v honesty_n and_o a_o upright_a carriage_n a_o main_a part_n of_o their_o religion_n their_o candour_n and_o simplicity_n in_o their_o word_n abhor_v lie_n and_o mental_a reservation_n though_o it_o may_v save_v their_o life_n their_o veracity_n such_o as_o no_o need_n to_o be_v put_v to_o their_o oath_n some_o few_o of_o the_o father_n against_o all_o swear_n allow_v by_o the_o great_a part_n in_o weighty_a case_n that_o they_o take_v oath_n prove_v from_o athanasius_n and_o their_o take_v the_o sacramentum_fw-la militare_fw-la the_o form_n of_o the_o oath_n out_o of_o vegetius_n the_o same_o express_o affirm_v of_o the_o more_o ancient_a christian_n by_o tertullian_n why_o refuse_v to_o swear_v by_o the_o emperor_n genius_n oath_n wont_a to_o be_v take_v at_o the_o holy_a sacrament_n upon_o the_o communion_n table_n or_o the_o holy_a gospel_n some_o against_o all_o oath_n only_o to_o prevent_v a_o possibility_n of_o perjury_n bear_v false_a witness_n condemn_v and_o strict_o punish_v by_o the_o ancient_a church_n a_o famous_a instance_n of_o divine_a vengeance_n pursue_v three_o false_a accuser_n christian_n careful_a in_o the_o conduct_n of_o their_o action_n their_o integrity_n in_o matter_n of_o distributive_a justice_n in_o commutative_a justice_n avoid_v all_o fraud_n and_o overreach_v s._n augustin_n instance_n nicostratus_n force_v to_o fly_v to_o avoid_v the_o punishment_n of_o cheat_v and_o sacrilege_n the_o christian_n unjust_o accuse_v of_o sacrilege_n by_o the_o heathen_n the_o occasion_n of_o it_o pliny_n testimony_n of_o the_o honesty_n of_o christian_n theft_n and_o rapine_n severe_o condemn_v christian_n for_o do_v all_o the_o good_a they_o can_v their_o care_n to_o right_n and_o relieve_v the_o oppress_v the_o gentile_n charge_v christian_n with_o murder_n and_o eat_a mans-flesh_n a_o brief_a representation_n of_o the_o several_a answer_n return_v to_o it_o by_o the_o christian_a apologist_n the_o true_a rise_n of_o the_o charge_n find_v to_o spring_v from_o the_o barbarous_a and_o inhuman_a practice_n of_o the_o gnostic_n mention_v by_o irenaeus_n and_o epiphanius_n have_v give_v some_o account_n of_o the_o religion_n of_o the_o ancient_a christian_n both_o as_o it_o respect_v their_o piety_n towards_o god_n and_o their_o sober_a and_o virtuous_a carriage_n towards_o themselves_o we_o come_v in_o the_o last_o place_n to_o consider_v it_o in_o reference_n to_o their_o carriage_n towards_o other_o which_o the_o apostle_n describe_v under_o the_o title_n of_o righteousness_n under_o which_o he_o comprehend_v all_o that_o duty_n and_o respect_n wherein_o we_o stand_v oblige_v to_o other_o whereof_o we_o shall_v consider_v these_o follow_a instance_n their_o justice_n and_o integrity_n in_o matter_n of_o commerce_n and_o traffic_n their_o mutual_a love_n and_o charity_n to_o one_o another_o their_o unity_n and_o peaceableness_n and_o their_o submission_n and_o subjection_n to_o civil_a government_n i_o begin_v with_o the_o first_o their_o just_a and_o upright_a carriage_n in_o their_o outward_a deal_n one_o great_a design_n of_o the_o christian_a law_n be_v to_o establish_v and_o ratify_v that_o great_a principle_n which_o be_v one_o of_o the_o prime_n and_o fundamental_a law_n of_o nature_n to_o hurt_v no_o man_n and_o to_o render_v to_o every_o one_o his_o due_a to_o teach_v we_o to_o carry_v ourselves_o as_o become_v we_o in_o our_o relation_n towards_o man_n next_o to_o our_o duty_n towards_o god_n the_o gospel_n oblige_v we_o to_o be_v righteous_a to_o man_n sincere_a and_o upright_a in_o all_o our_o deal_n not_o go_v beyond_o nor_o defraud_v one_o another_o in_o any_o matter_n to_o put_v away_o lie_v and_o to_o speak_v truth_n to_o each_o other_o as_o fellow-member_n of_o the_o same_o christian_a brotherhood_n and_o society_n it_o settle_v that_o golden_a rule_n as_o the_o fundamental_a law_n of_o all_o just_a and_o equitable_a commerce_n that_o all_o thing_n whatsoever_o we_o will_v that_o man_n shall_v do_v to_o we_o we_o shall_v even_o do_v so_o to_o they_o this_o be_v the_o sum_n of_o the_o law_n and_o the_o prophet_n than_o which_o as_o no_o rule_n can_v have_v be_v more_o equitable_a in_o itself_o so_o none_o can_v possible_o have_v be_v contrive_v more_o short_a and_o plain_a and_o more_o accommodate_v to_o the_o common_a case_n of_o humane_a life_n upon_o the_o account_n of_o these_o and_o such_o like_a excellent_a precept_n alexander_n severus_n the_o roman_a emperor_n have_v so_o great_a a_o honour_n for_o our_o saviour_n 568._o that_o he_o be_v resolve_v to_o build_v a_o temple_n to_o he_o and_o to_o receive_v he_o into_o the_o number_n of_o their_o god_n and_o though_o he_o be_v overrule_v in_o this_o by_o some_o who_o have_v consult_v the_o oracle_n tell_v he_o that_o if_o it_o be_v do_v all_o man_n will_v become_v christian_n and_o the_o temple_n of_o the_o god_n will_v be_v leave_v naked_a and_o empty_a yet_o in_o his_o most_o private_a chapel_n he_o have_v the_o image_n of_o christ_n among_o those_o of_o many_o noble_a hero_n and_o deify_v person_n 540._o to_o who_o he_o pay_v religious_a adoration_n every_o morning_n and_o particular_o for_o this_o precept_n 577._o that_o what_o we_o will_v not_o have_v do_v to_o ourselves_o we_o shall_v not_o do_v to_o other_o which_o his_o own_o historian_n confess_v he_o learn_v either_o from_o the_o jew_n or_o christian_n but_o most_o certain_o from_o the_o christian_n in_o who_o mouth_n it_o so_o often_o be_v and_o in_o who_o gospel_n it_o be_v so_o plain_o write_v he_o so_o high_o value_v it_o that_o in_o all_o public_a punishment_n he_o cause_v it_o to_o be_v proclaim_v by_o a_o common_a crier_n nay_o be_v so_o huge_o fond_a on_o it_o that_o he_o cause_v it_o to_o be_v write_v upon_o the_o wall_n of_o his_o palace_n and_o upon_o all_o his_o public_a building_n that_o if_o possible_a every_o room_n in_o his_o court_n and_o every_o place_n in_o the_o city_n may_v be_v a_o silent_a chancery_n and_o court_n of_o equity_n so_o vast_a a_o reverence_n have_v the_o very_a enemy_n of_o christianity_n for_o the_o gospel_n upon_o this_o account_n that_o it_o so_o admirable_o provide_v for_o the_o advance_v of_o civil_a righteousness_n and_o justice_n among_o man_n which_o however_o it_o have_v be_v slight_v by_o some_o even_o among_o christian_n under_o the_o notion_n of_o moral_a principle_n yet_o without_o it_o all_o other_o religion_n be_v but_o vain_a it_o be_v a_o strange_a piece_n of_o folly_n for_o any_o to_o dream_v of_o be_v godly_a without_o be_v honest_a or_o to_o think_v of_o be_v a_o disciple_n of_o the_o first_o while_o a_o man_n be_v a_o enemy_n to_o the_o second_o table_n sure_o i_o be_o the_o christian_n of_o old_a look_v upon_o honesty_n and_o a_o upright_a carriage_n as_o a_o considerable_a part_n of_o their_o religion_n and_o that_o to_o speak_v truth_n to_o keep_v their_o word_n to_o perform_v oath_n and_o promise_n to_o act_v sincere_o in_o all_o their_o deal_n be_v as_o sacred_a and_o as_o dear_a to_o they_o as_o their_o life_n and_o being_n speech_n be_v the_o great_a instrument_n of_o mutual_a commerce_n and_o traffic_n shall_v be_v the_o first_o instance_n of_o their_o integrity_n they_o ever_o use_v the_o great_a candour_n and_o simplicity_n in_o express_v their_o mind_n to_o one_o another_o not_o pretend_v what_o be_v false_a nor_o conceal_v what_o be_v true_a yea_o yea_o and_o nay_o nay_o be_v the_o usual_a
long_o before_o other_o be_v call_v to_o do_v the_o same_o office_n for_o they_o their_o body_n they_o decent_o commit_v to_o the_o ground_n for_o they_o abhor_v the_o custom_n so_o common_a among_o the_o gentile_n of_o burn_a the_o body_n of_o the_o dead_a which_o they_o do_v not_o as_o the_o heathen_n object_v because_o they_o think_v that_o their_o body_n once_o burn_v to_o ash_n will_v be_v difficult_o bring_v to_o a_o resurrection_n a_o doctrine_n which_o they_o strenuous_o assert_v 28._o and_o hold_v fast_o as_o the_o main_a pillar_n of_o their_o comfort_n and_o confidence_n but_o because_o they_o look_v upon_o it_o as_o inhuman_a and_o barbarous_a and_o contrary_a to_o the_o more_o ancient_a and_o better_a usage_n of_o mankind_n in_o this_o matter_n tertullian_n call_v this_o way_n of_o burial_n by_o inhumation_n a_o piece_n of_o piety_n 301._o and_o tell_v we_o they_o abstain_v from_o burn_v the_o corpse_n not_o as_o some_o do_v because_o they_o think_v that_o some_o part_n of_o the_o soul_n remain_v in_o the_o body_n after_o death_n but_o because_o it_o savour_v of_o savageness_n and_o cruelty_n therefore_o their_o enemy_n to_o do_v they_o the_o great_a spite_n do_v not_o only_o put_v they_o to_o death_n but_o very_o often_o burn_v their_o dead_a body_n and_o sprinkle_v their_o ash_n into_o the_o sea_n partly_o to_o hinder_v they_o from_o a_o decent_a burial_n 1627._o and_o partly_o as_o in_o that_o tumult_n at_o alexandria_n under_o julian_n that_o nothing_o may_v be_v leave_v of_o they_o to_o be_v honour_v as_o the_o remain_v of_o martyr_n as_o christianity_n get_v ground_n this_o more_o civil_a way_n of_o inhumation_n do_v not_o only_o take_v place_n but_o root_v out_o the_o contrary_a custom_n even_o among_o the_o gentile_n themselves_o for_o though_o the_o emperor_n theodosius_n the_o great_a give_v some_o intimation_n of_o it_o as_o remain_v in_o his_o time_n 9_o yet_o not_o long_o after_o it_o whole_o cease_v 514._o as_o be_v express_o acknowledge_v by_o macrobius_n who_o live_v in_o the_o time_n of_o the_o young_a theodosius_n nor_o do_v they_o ordinary_o content_v themselves_o with_o a_o bare_a interment_n but_o prepare_v the_o body_n for_o its_o funeral_n with_o costly_a spice_n and_o rich_a odour_n and_o perfume_n not_o spare_v the_o best_a drug_n and_o ointment_n which_o the_o sabean_o can_v afford_v 34._o as_o tertullian_n plain_o testify_v they_o who_o while_o alive_a general_o abstain_v from_o whatever_o be_v curious_a and_o costly_a when_o dead_a be_v embalm_v and_o entomb_v with_o great_a art_n and_o curiosity_n whence_o eunapius_n much_o such_o a_o friend_n to_o christianity_n as_o julian_n or_o porphyry_n deride_v the_o monk_n and_o christian_n of_o egypt_n for_o honour_v the_o season_a and_o embalm_v bone_n and_o head_n of_o martyr_n 65._o such_o say_v he_o as_o the_o court_n of_o justice_n have_v condemn_v and_o put_v to_o death_n for_o their_o innumerable_a villainy_n this_o cost_n the_o christian_n doubtless_o bestow_v upon_o the_o body_n of_o their_o dead_a because_o they_o look_v upon_o death_n as_o the_o entrance_n into_o a_o better_a life_n and_o lay_v up_o the_o body_n as_o the_o candidate_n and_o expectant_a of_o a_o joyful_a and_o happy_a resurrection_n beside_o hereby_o they_o give_v some_o encouragement_n to_o suffering_n when_o man_n see_v how_o much_o care_n be_v take_v to_o honour_n and_o secure_v the_o relic_n of_o their_o mortality_n and_o that_o their_o body_n shall_v not_o be_v persecute_v after_o death_n this_o their_o enemy_n know_v very_o well_o and_o therefore_o many_o time_n deny_v they_o the_o civility_n and_o humanity_n of_o burial_n to_o strike_v the_o great_a dread_n into_o they_o thus_o maximus_n the_o precedent_n threaten_v tharacus_n the_o martyr_n 2._o that_o although_o he_o bear_v up_o his_o head_n so_o high_a upon_o the_o confidence_n that_o after_o his_o death_n his_o body_n shall_v be_v wind_v up_o and_o embalm_v with_o ointment_n and_o odoriferous_a spice_n yet_o he_o will_v defeat_v his_o hope_n by_o cause_v his_o body_n to_o be_v burn_v and_o sprinkle_v his_o ash_n before_o the_o wind_n thus_o after_o they_o have_v put_v polycarp_n to_o death_n 135_o they_o burn_v his_o body_n out_o of_o spite_n to_o the_o christian_n who_o have_v beg_v it_o of_o the_o proconsul_n only_o to_o give_v it_o a_o solemn_a interment_n whereupon_o gather_v his_o bone_n which_o the_o mercy_n of_o the_o fire_n have_v spare_v they_o decent_o commit_v they_o to_o the_o earth_n and_o there_o use_v to_o meet_v to_o celebrate_v the_o memory_n of_o that_o pious_a and_o holy_a man_n during_o those_o time_n of_o persecution_n they_o be_v very_o careful_a to_o bury_v the_o body_n of_o the_o martyr_n some_o make_v it_o their_o particular_a business_n by_o stealth_n to_o inter_v those_o in_o the_o night_n who_o have_v suffer_v in_o the_o day_n this_o they_o do_v with_o great_a hazard_n and_o danger_n many_o of_o they_o as_o appear_v from_o the_o ancient_a martyrology_n suffer_v martyrdom_n upon_o this_o very_a account_n afterward_o when_o the_o church_n be_v settle_v there_o be_v a_o particular_a order_n of_o man_n call_v copiatae_n either_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d from_o the_o pain_n they_o take_v or_o else_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d because_o they_o commit_v the_o body_n of_o the_o dead_a to_o the_o grave_a the_o place_n of_o ease_n and_o rest_n appoint_v for_o this_o purpose_n 1._o about_o the_o time_n of_o constantine_n or_o to_o be_v sure_a his_o son_n constantius_n in_o two_o of_o who_o law_n they_o be_v express_o mention_v â—65_n and_o in_o the_o latter_a say_v to_o be_v late_o institute_v their_o office_n as_o epiphanius_n tell_v be_v to_o wrap_v up_o and_o bury_v the_o body_n of_o the_o dead_a to_o prepare_v their_o grave_n and_o to_o inter_v they_o and_o because_o inhumation_n and_o give_v burial_n to_o the_o dead_a be_v ever_o account_v in_o a_o more_o peculiar_a manner_n a_o work_n of_o piety_n and_o religion_n therefore_o these_o person_n be_v reckon_v if_o not_o strict_o clergyman_n at_o least_o in_o a_o clergy-relation_n be_v in_o both_o law_n of_o constantius_n enumerate_v with_o and_o invest_v in_o the_o same_o immunity_n with_o the_o clergy_n by_o the_o author_n in_o s._n hierom_n they_o be_v style_v fossarii_fw-la 81._o grave-maker_n and_o by_o he_o place_v in_o the_o first_o and_o low_a order_n of_o the_o clerici_fw-la and_o exhort_v to_o be_v like_o good_a old_a tobit_n in_o faith_n holiness_n knowledge_n and_o virtue_n in_o the_o great_a church_n of_o constantinople_n they_o be_v call_v decani_fw-la or_o dean_n but_o quite_o distinct_a from_o the_o palatin_a dean_n speak_v of_o in_o the_o theodosian_a code_n 1._o and_o freequent_o elsewhere_o who_o be_v a_o military_a order_n and_o chief_o belong_v to_o the_o emperor_n palace_n they_o be_v one_o of_o the_o collegia_fw-la or_o corporation_n of_o the_o city_n their_o number_n be_v very_o great_a constantine_n be_v say_v to_o have_v appoint_v no_o less_o than_o m._n c._n of_o they_o but_o by_o a_o law_n of_o honorius_n and_o theodosius_n they_o be_v reduce_v to_o dccccl_n 4._o till_o afterward_o anastasius_n bring_v they_o back_o to_o their_o former_a number_n which_o be_v also_o ratify_v and_o confirm_v by_o justinian_n their_o particular_a duty_n and_o office_n both_o as_o relate_v to_o the_o dead_a and_o all_o other_o thing_n be_v large_o describe_v in_o two_o novel_a constitution_n of_o his_o to_o that_o purpose_n 134._o nor_o do_v they_o only_o take_v care_n that_o the_o body_n may_v be_v prepare_v for_o its_o funeral_n but_o to_o provide_v it_o of_o a_o decent_a and_o convenient_a sepulchre_n wherein_o it_o may_v be_v honourable_o and_o secure_o lay_v up_o a_o thing_n which_o have_v be_v always_o practise_v by_o the_o more_o sober_a and_o civilise_a part_n of_o mankind_n their_o burying-place_n call_v polyandria_n cryptae_n arenaria_fw-la but_o most_o common_o coemeteria_fw-la or_o dormitory_n because_o according_a to_o the_o notion_n which_o the_o scripture_n give_v we_o of_o the_o death_n of_o the_o righteous_a christian_n be_v not_o so_o proper_o say_v to_o die_v as_o to_o sleep_v in_o the_o lord_n and_o their_o body_n to_o rest_v in_o the_o grave_n in_o expectation_n of_o a_o joyful_a resurrection_n be_v general_o in_o the_o field_n or_o garden_n it_o be_v prohibit_v by_o the_o roman_a law_n 4._o and_o especial_o a_o ancient_a law_n of_o the_o xii_o table_n to_o bury_v within_o the_o city_n wall_n this_o hold_v for_o some_o century_n after_o christianity_n appear_v in_o the_o world_n and_o long_o it_o be_v before_o they_o bury_v within_o church_n within_o the_o outpart_n whereof_o to_o be_v inter_v be_v a_o privilege_n at_o first_o grant_v only_o to_o prince_n and_o person_n of_o the_o great_a rank_n and_o quality_n 929._o chrysostome_n assure_v we_o that_o constantius_n the_o emperor_n reckon_v he_o do_v his_o
and_o confession_n and_o fulfil_v the_o regular_a custom_n and_o order_n of_o the_o church_n the_o time_n of_o penance_n be_v end_v they_o address_v themselves_o to_o the_o governor_n of_o the_o church_n for_o absolution_n 24._o hereupon_o their_o repentance_n be_v take_v into_o examination_n and_o be_v find_v to_o be_v sincere_a and_o real_a they_o be_v open_o readmit_v into_o the_o church_n by_o the_o imposition_n of_o the_o hand_n of_o the_o clergy_n the_o party_n to_o be_v absolve_v kneel_v down_o between_o the_o knee_n of_o the_o bishop_n or_o in_o his_o absence_n of_o the_o presbyter_n who_o lay_v his_o hand_n upon_o his_o head_n solemn_o bless_v and_o absolve_v he_o whence_o doubtless_o spring_v that_o absurd_a and_o senseless_a calumny_n which_o the_o heathen_n lay_v upon_o the_o christian_n that_o they_o be_v wont_n sacerdotis_fw-la colere_fw-la genitalia_fw-la so_o forward_o be_v they_o to_o catch_v at_o any_o reproach_n which_o the_o most_o crooked_a and_o malicious_a 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only_o that_o it_o be_v think_v fit_a to_o deny_v they_o the_o use_n of_o the_o eucharist_n which_o be_v the_o great_a pledge_n and_o testimony_n of_o their_o communion_n with_o the_o church_n the_o second_o case_n be_v in_o time_n of_o eminent_a persecution_n conceive_v it_o but_o fit_a at_o such_o time_n to_o dispense_v with_o the_o rigour_n of_o the_o discipline_n that_o so_o penitent_n be_v receive_v to_o the_o grace_n of_o christ_n and_o to_o the_o communion_n of_o the_o church_n may_v be_v the_o better_a arm_a and_o enable_v to_o contend_v earnest_o for_o the_o faith_n this_o be_v resolve_v and_o agree_v upon_o by_o cyprian_a 76._o and_o a_o whole_a council_n of_o african_a bishop_n whereof_o they_o give_v a_o account_n to_o cornelius_n bishop_n of_o rome_n that_o in_o regard_n persecution_n be_v draw_v on_o they_o hold_v it_o convenient_a and_o necessary_a that_o communion_n and_o reconciliation_n shall_v be_v grant_v to_o the_o lapse_v not_o only_o to_o those_o that_o be_v a_o 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according_a to_o the_o faith_n and_o trust_n that_o we_o have_v in_o he_o to_o the_o same_o purpose_n athenagoras_n 5._o in_o his_o return_n to_o this_o charge_n diagoras_n indeed_o be_v guilty_a of_o the_o deep_a atheism_n and_o impiety_n but_o we_o who_o separate_a god_n from_o all_o material_a be_v and_o affirm_v he_o to_o be_v eternal_a and_o unbegotten_a but_o all_o matter_n to_o be_v make_v and_o corruptible_a how_o unjust_o be_v we_o brand_v with_o impiety_n it_o be_v true_a do_v we_o side_n with_o diagoras_n in_o deny_v a_o divinity_n when_o there_o be_v so_o many_o and_o such_o powerful_a argument_n from_o the_o creation_n and_o government_n of_o the_o world_n to_o convince_v we_o of_o the_o existence_n of_o god_n and_o religion_n then_o both_o the_o guilt_n and_o punishment_n of_o atheism_n may_v deserve_o be_v put_v upon_o we_o but_o when_o our_o religion_n acknowledge_v one_o god_n the_o maker_n of_o the_o universe_n who_o be_v uncreate_v himself_o create_v all_o thing_n 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novelty_n that_o be_v charge_v upon_o christianity_n christianity_n except_v and_o cry_v out_o against_o as_o a_o late_a novel_a doctrine_n this_o a_o common_a charge_n continue_v when_o christianity_n have_v be_v some_o hundred_o of_o year_n in_o the_o world_n christianity_n great_o prejudice_v by_o this_o charge_n man_n loath_a to_o forsake_v the_o religion_n of_o their_o ancestor_n what_o the_o christian_n answer_v to_o it_o christian_n religion_n the_o same_o in_o substance_n and_o effect_n with_o that_o of_o the_o ancient_a jew_n in_o that_o respect_n by_o far_o the_o old_a religion_n in_o the_o world_n prove_v and_o urge_v by_o tertullian_n cl._n alexander_n eusebius_n etc._n etc._n it_o be_v lateness_n and_o novelty_n no_o real_a prejudice_n to_o rational_a and_o unbiased_a man_n the_o folly_n and_o vanity_n of_o adhere_v to_o absurd_a and_o unreasovable_a custom_n and_o principle_n because_o ancient_a and_o of_o refuse_v to_o change_v opinion_n for_o the_o better_a a_o objection_n if_o christ_n and_o christianity_n be_v so_o great_a blessing_n to_o mankind_n why_o be_v it_o so_o long_o before_o god_n reveal_v they_o answer_v out_o of_o arnobius_n this_o artifice_n prove_v weak_a and_o ineffectual_a the_o next_o charge_n be_v its_o lateness_n and_o novelty_n that_o it_o be_v a_o upstart_n sect_n and_o but_o of_o yesterday_n stand_v not_o know_v in_o the_o world_n many_o year_n before_o whereas_o the_o religion_n of_o the_o gentile_n have_v uncontrollable_o and_o almost_o universal_o obtain_v from_o age_n and_o generation_n a_o doctrine_n new_o spring_v up_o and_o come_v as_o it_o be_v from_o a_o far_a country_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d as_o it_o be_v in_o theophilus_n antiochenus_fw-la b._n a_o divorce_n or_o rend_v themselves_o from_o the_o institution_n of_o their_o ancestor_n 46._o as_o tertullian_n have_v it_o this_o charge_n begin_v betimes_o when_o s._n paul_n preach_v at_o athens_n 18._o we_o find_v this_o the_o first_o thing_n charge_v upon_o he_o that_o he_o be_v a_o setter_n forth_o of_o strange_a god_n because_o he_o preach_v to_o they_o jesus_n and_o the_o resurrection_n and_o it_o be_v follow_v with_o a_o loud_a cry_n in_o succeed_a time_n you_o be_v wont_n to_o object_n to_o we_o say_v arnobius_n that_o our_o religion_n be_v novel_a 40_o start_v up_o not_o many_o day_n ago_o and_o that_o you_o ought_v not_o to_o desert_n your_o ancient_a way_n and_o the_o religion_n of_o your_o country_n 5._o to_o espouse_v barbarous_a and_o foreign_a rite_n and_o eusebius_n tell_v we_o the_o heathen_n be_v wont_n to_o reason_n thus_o what_o strange_a profession_n of_o religion_n be_v this_o what_o new_a way_n of_o life_n wherein_o we_o can_v neither_o discern_v the_o rite_n among_o we_o use_v in_o greece_n nor_o among_o any_o sect_n of_o the_o barbarian_n who_o can_v deny_v they_o to_o be_v impious_a who_o have_v forsake_v the_o custom_n of_o their_o father_n observe_v before_o in_o all_o city_n and_o country_n revolt_a from_o a_o way_n of_o worship_n which_o have_v be_v universal_o receive_v from_o all_o age_n both_o by_o greek_n and_o barbarian_n entertain_v both_o in_o city_n and_o village_n countenance_v and_o approve_v by_o the_o common_a vote_n and_o consent_n of_o all_o king_n lawmaker_n philosopher_n and_o the_o great_a person_n whatsoever_o nay_o we_o may_v observe_v that_o after_o christianity_n have_v be_v settle_v for_o some_o hundred_o of_o year_n in_o the_o world_n and_o be_v become_v the_o prevail_a religion_n and_o have_v in_o a_o manner_n banish_v all_o other_o out_o of_o door_n and_o drive_v they_o into_o corner_n yet_o this_o charge_n still_o continue_v 208._o thus_o julian_n the_o emperor_n write_v to_o the_o people_n of_o alexandria_n concern_v the_o galilaean_n so_o he_o be_v wont_n in_o scorn_n to_o call_v the_o christian_n that_o he_o wonder_v that_o any_o of_o they_o dare_v dwell_v among_o they_o or_o that_o they_o will_v suffer_v these_o despiser_n of_o the_o religion_n of_o their_o country_n to_o be_v in_o any_o place_n among_o they_o call_v christianity_n the_o new_a doctrine_n that_o have_v be_v preach_v to_o the_o world_n the_o very_a same_o title_n which_o lucian_n have_v also_o long_o since_o bestow_v upon_o it_o 762._o where_o speak_v of_o our_o saviour_n he_o call_v he_o the_o great_a man_n that_o be_v crucify_v in_o palestine_n who_o introduce_v that_o new_a religion_n into_o the_o world_n 10._o so_o symmachus_n some_o year_n after_o julian_n a_o man_n no_o less_o eminent_a for_o his_o part_n and_o eloquence_n valent._n than_o for_o his_o power_n and_o authority_n 537._o be_v chief_a priest_n and_o perfect_a of_o rome_n confident_o own_v to_o the_o emperor_n themselves_o though_o they_o be_v christian_n that_o he_o do_v endeavour_v to_o defend_v the_o institution_n of_o their_o ancestor_n the_o settle_a right_n and_o law_n of_o the_o country_n he_o mean_v they_o of_o religion_n that_o he_o design_v to_o settle_v that_o state_n of_o religion_n which_o 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all_o man_n but_o especial_o his_o army_n back_o to_o paganism_n and_o idolatry_n make_v use_v of_o this_o crafty_a project_n 17._o he_o place_v the_o picture_n of_o jupiter_n and_o other_o heathen_a god_n so_o close_o to_o his_o own_o statue_n that_o they_o can_v not_o bow_v to_o the_o one_o but_o they_o must_v also_o to_o the_o other_o politic_o reduce_v they_o to_o this_o strait_a that_o either_o they_o must_v refuse_v to_o pay_v civil_a honour_n to_o their_o prince_n which_o have_v be_v a_o sufficient_a crime_n against_o they_o or_o seem_v at_o least_o to_o do_v honour_n to_o the_o god_n with_o this_o device_n the_o less_o wary_a and_o cautelous_a be_v entrap_v but_o other_o that_o be_v more_o pious_a and_o purdent_a choose_v rather_o to_o deny_v the_o prince_n that_o civil_a homage_n 84._o and_o fall_v into_o the_o arm_n of_o martyrdom_n than_o by_o such_o a_o ambiguous_a adoration_n to_o seem_v to_o patronize_v idolatry_n at_o another_o time_n he_o fall_v upon_o this_o stratagem_n upon_o a_o solemn_a day_n when_o the_o emperor_n be_v wont_a to_o bestow_v largess_n upon_o the_o soldier_n he_o cause_v the_o army_n to_o be_v call_v before_o he_o sit_v then_o in_o great_a pomp_n and_o splendour_n and_o a_o large_a donative_n of_o gold_n to_o be_v lay_v on_o the_o one_o side_n and_o a_o heap_n of_o frankincense_n with_o fire_n by_o it_o on_o the_o other_o proclamation_n be_v make_v that_o they_o that_o will_v sacrifice_v the_o one_o shall_v have_v the_o other_o by_o this_o mean_v many_o of_o the_o christian_a soldier_n be_v ensnare_v perform_v the_o sacrifice_n receive_v the_o donative_n and_o go_v home_o jolly_a and_o secure_a but_o be_v at_o dinner_n with_o their_o companion_n and_o drink_v to_o each_o other_o as_o the_o custom_n be_v with_o their_o eye_n lift_v up_o and_o call_v upon_o christ_n and_o make_v the_o sign_n of_o the_o cross_n as_o oft_o as_o they_o take_v the_o cup_n into_o their_o hand_n one_o at_o the_o table_n tell_v they_o he_o wonder_v how_o they_o can_v call_v upon_o christ_n who_o they_o have_v so_o late_o abjure_v amaze_a at_o this_o and_o ask_v how_o they_o have_v abjure_v he_o they_o be_v tell_v that_o they_o have_v sacrifice_v which_o be_v all_o one_o as_o to_o deny_v christ_n whereupon_o start_v up_o from_o the_o table_n they_o run_v up_o and_o down_o the_o marketplace_n in_o a_o furious_a and_o frantic_a manner_n cry_v out_o we_o be_v christian_n we_o be_v christian_n in_o heart_n and_o truth_n and_o let_v all_o the_o world_n take_v notice_n that_o there_o be_v but_o one_o god_n to_o who_o we_o live_v and_o for_o who_o we_o will_v die_v we_o have_v not_o break_v the_o faith_n which_o we_o swear_v to_o thou_o o_o bless_a saviour_n nor_o renounce_v our_o profession_n if_o our_o hand_n be_v guilty_a our_o heart_n be_v innocent_a it_o be_v not_o the_o gold_n that_o have_v corrupt_v we_o but_o the_o emperor_n craftiness_n that_o deceive_v we_o and_o with_o that_o run_n to_o the_o emperor_n they_o throw_v down_o their_o gold_n before_o he_o with_o this_o address_n we_o have_v not_o sir_n receive_v a_o donative_n but_o be_v condemn_v to_o die_v instead_o of_o be_v honour_v we_o be_v vilify_v and_o disgrace_v take_v this_o largess_n and_o give_v it_o to_o your_o soldier_n as_o for_o we_o kill_v we_o and_o sacrifice_v we_o to_o christ_n who_o alone_o we_o own_v as_o our_o high_a prince_n return_v we_o fire_n for_o fire_n and_o for_o the_o ash_n of_o the_o sacrifice_n reduce_v we_o to_o ash_n cut_a off_o those_o hand_n which_o we_o so_o wicked_o stretch_v out_o those_o foot_n that_o carry_v we_o to_o so_o great_a a_o mischief_n give_v other_o the_o gold_n who_o may_v have_v no_o cause_n to_o repent_v on_o it_o for_o our_o part_n christ_n be_v enough_o for_o we_o who_o we_o value_v instead_o of_o all_o thing_n with_o this_o noble_a and_o generous_a resolution_n though_o the_o emperor_n be_v high_o enrage_v yet_o because_o he_o envy_v they_o the_o honour_n of_o martyrdom_n he_o will_v not_o put_v they_o to_o death_n but_o banish_v they_o and_o inflict_v other_o penalty_n which_o may_v sufficient_o evidence_n his_o rage_n against_o they_o nay_o with_o so_o warm_a a_o zeal_n be_v they_o act_v against_o idolatry_n that_o many_o of_o they_o can_v not_o contain_v themselves_o from_o fall_v foul_a upon_o it_o wherever_o they_o meet_v it_o though_o with_o the_o immediate_a hazard_n of_o their_o life_n 320._o so_o romanus_n deacon_n and_o exorcist_n of_o the_o church_n of_o caesaria_n see_v great_a multitude_n of_o people_n at_o antioch_n flock_v to_o the_o temple_n and_o do_v sacrifice_n to_o the_o god_n come_v to_o they_o and_o begin_v very_o severe_o to_o reprove_v and_o reproach_v they_o for_o which_o be_v apprehend_v after_o many_o strange_a and_o cruel_a usage_n he_o be_v put_v to_o death_n with_o all_o imaginable_a pain_n and_o torture_n thus_o apphianus_n a_o young_a man_n when_o the_o crier_n by_o proclamation_n summon_v all_o the_o inhabitant_n of_o caesaria_n to_o sacrifice_v to_o the_o god_n the_o tribune_n particular_o recite_v every_o man_n name_n out_o of_o a_o book_n to_o the_o great_a terror_n of_o all_o that_o be_v christian_n private_o and_o unknown_a to_o we_o say_v eusebius_n 324._o who_o live_v at_o that_o time_n in_o the_o same_o house_n with_o he_o steal_v out_o and_o get_v near_o vrbanus_n the_o precedent_n who_o be_v then_o compass_v about_o with_o a_o guard_n of_o soldier_n just_a as_o he_o be_v about_o to_o offer_v sacrifice_n catch_v hold_v of_o his_o right_a hand_n which_o he_o grasp_v so_o fast_o that_o he_o force_v he_o to_o let_v fall_v the_o sacrifice_n grave_o admonish_v he_o to_o desist_v from_o such_o error_n and_o vanity_n clear_o show_v say_v the_o historian_n that_o true_a christian_n be_v so_o far_o from_o be_v draw_v from_o the_o worship_n of_o the_o true_a god_n that_o by_o threaten_n and_o torment_n they_o be_v rather_o heighten_v into_o a_o great_a and_o more_o ingenuous_a freedom_n and_o boldness_n in_o the_o profession_n of_o the_o truth_n for_o this_o fact_n the_o young_a man_n be_v almost_o tear_v in_o piece_n by_o the_o soldier_n who_o rage_n and_o fierceness_n can_v scarce_o suffer_v he_o to_o be_v reprieve_v for_o acuter_n torture_n which_o be_v exerise_v towards_o he_o with_o all_o possible_a cruelty_n and_o when_o all_o can_v do_v no_o good_a upon_o he_o he_o be_v throw_v half_o dead_a into_o the_o sea_n h._n the_o like_a we_o read_v of_o three_o famous_a christian_n at_o merum_fw-la a_o city_n in_o phrygia_n 186._o where_o when_o the_o governor_n of_o the_o province_n under_o julian_n the_o apostate_n have_v command_v the_o heathen_a temple_n to_o be_v open_v they_o get_v by_o night_n into_o the_o temple_n and_o break_v to_o piece_n all_o the_o statue_n and_o image_n of_o the_o god_n whereupon_o when_o a_o general_a persecution_n be_v like_a to_o arise_v against_o all_o the_o christian_n of_o the_o city_n that_o the_o ignorant_a and_o innocent_a may_v not_o suffer_v the_o author_n 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and_o circumstance_n of_o it_o as_o will_v easy_o appear_v if_o we_o consider_v what_o care_n they_o have_v about_o the_o place_n time_n person_n and_o both_o the_o matter_n and_o manner_n of_o that_o worship_n that_o they_o perform_v to_o god_n under_o each_o of_o which_o we_o shall_v take_v notice_n of_o what_o be_v most_o considerable_a and_o do_v most_o proper_o relate_v to_o it_o so_o far_o as_o the_o record_n of_o those_o time_n give_v we_o a_o account_n of_o it_o place_n be_v a_o inseparable_a circumstance_n of_o religious_a worship_n for_o every_o body_n by_o the_o natural_a necessity_n of_o its_o be_v require_v some_o determinate_a place_n either_o for_o rest_n or_o motion_n now_o the_o worship_n of_o god_n be_v in_o a_o great_a part_n a_o external_a action_n especial_o when_o perform_v by_o the_o joint_a concurrence_n of_o several_a person_n do_v not_o only_o necessary_o require_v a_o place_n but_o a_o place_n convenient_o capacious_a of_o all_o that_o join_v together_o in_o 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rather_o because_o the_o multitude_n and_o they_o too_o stranger_n of_o every_o nation_n under_o heaven_n come_v so_o ready_o to_o the_o place_n upon_o the_o first_o rumour_n of_o so_o strange_a a_o accident_n which_o can_v hardly_o have_v be_v have_v it_o not_o be_v common_o know_v to_o be_v the_o place_n where_o the_o christian_n use_v to_o meet_v together_o and_o this_o very_a learned_a man_n take_v to_o be_v the_o meaning_n of_o that_o act._n 2._o 46._o they_o continue_v daily_o with_o one_o accord_n in_o the_o temple_n and_o break_v bread_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d not_o as_o we_o render_v it_o from_o house_n to_o house_n but_o at_o home_n as_o it_o be_v in_o the_o margin_n or_o in_o the_o house_n they_o eat_v their_o meat_n with_o gladness_n and_o singleness_n of_o heart_n i.e._n when_o they_o have_v perform_v their_o daily_a devotion_n at_o the_o temple_n at_o the_o accustom_a hour_n of_o prayer_n they_o use_v to_o return_v home_o to_o this_o upper_a room_n there_o to_o celebrate_v the_o holy_a eucharist_n and_o then_o go_v to_o their_o ordinary_a meal_n this_o seem_v to_o be_v a_o clear_a and_o unforced_a interpretation_n and_o to_o i_o the_o more_o probable_a because_o it_o immediate_o follow_v upon_o their_o assemble_v together_o in_o that_o one_o place_n at_o the_o day_n of_o pentecost_n which_o room_n be_v also_o call_v by_o the_o same_o name_n of_o house_n at_o the_o second_o verse_n of_o that_o chapter_n and_o it_o be_v no_o way_n unlikely_a as_o m._n mede_n conjecture_n but_o that_o when_o the_o first_o believer_n sell_v their_o house_n and_o land_n and_o lay_v the_o money_n at_o the_o apostle_n foot_n to_o supply_v the_o necessity_n of_o the_o church_n some_o of_o they_o may_v give_v their_o house_n at_o least_o some_o eminent_a room_n in_o they_o for_o the_o church_n to_o meet_v and_o perform_v their_o sacred_a duty_n which_o also_o may_v be_v the_o reason_n why_o the_o apostle_n write_v to_o particular_a christian_n speak_v so_o often_o of_o the_o church_n that_o be_v in_o their_o house_n which_o seem_v clear_o to_o intimate_v not_o so_o much_o the_o particular_a person_n of_o any_o private_a family_n live_v together_o under_o the_o same_o band_n of_o christian_a discipline_n as_o that_o in_o such_o or_o such_o a_o house_n and_o more_o especial_o in_o this_o or_o that_o room_n of_o it_o there_o be_v the_o constant_a and_o solemn_a convention_n of_o the_o christian_n of_o that_o place_n for_o their_o joint_a celebration_n of_o divine_a worship_n and_o this_o will_v be_v far_o clear_v by_o that_o famous_a passage_n of_o s._n paul_n where_o tax_v the_o corinthian_n for_o their_o irreverence_n and_o abuse_v of_o the_o lord_n supper_n one_o greedy_o eat_v before_o another_o and_o some_o of_o they_o to_o great_a excess_n 22._o what_o say_v he_o have_v you_o not_o house_n to_o eat_v and_o to_o drink_v in_o or_o despise_v you_o the_o church_n of_o god_n where_o that_o by_o church_n be_v not_o mean_v the_o assembly_n meeting_n but_o the_o place_n in_o which_o they_o use_v to_o assemble_v be_v evident_a partly_o from_o what_o go_v before_o for_o their_o come_n together_o in_o the_o church_n verse_n 18._o be_v expound_v by_o their_o come_n together_o into_o one_o place_n verse_n 20._o plain_o argue_v that_o the_o apostle_n mean_v not_o the_o person_n but_o the_o place_n partly_o from_o the_o opposition_n which_o he_o make_v between_o the_o church_n and_o their_o own_o private_a house_n if_o they_o must_v have_v such_o irregular_a banquet_n they_o have_v house_n of_o their_o own_o where_o it_o be_v much_o fit_a to_o do_v it_o and_o to_o have_v their_o ordinary_a repast_n than_o in_o that_o place_n which_o be_v set_v apart_o for_o the_o common_a exercise_n of_o religion_n and_o therefore_o ought_v not_o to_o be_v dishonour_v by_o such_o extravagant_a and_o intemperate_a feast_n for_o which_o cause_n he_o enjoin_v they_o in_o the_o close_a of_o that_o chapter_n that_o if_o any_o man_n hunger_n he_o shall_v eat_v at_o home_n and_o that_o this_o place_n be_v always_o thus_o understand_v by_o the_o father_n of_o old_a be_v no_o hard_a matter_n to_o make_v out_o as_o also_o by_o most_o learned_a man_n of_o late_a time_n of_o which_o it_o shall_v suffice_v to_o intimate_v two_o of_o our_o own_o 9_o man_n of_o great_a name_n and_o learning_n who_o have_v do_v it_o to_o great_a satisfaction_n 405._o thus_o stand_v the_o case_n during_o the_o apostle_n time_n for_o the_o age_n after_o they_o we_o find_v that_o the_o christian_n have_v their_o fix_a and_o definite_a place_n of_o worship_n especial_o in_o the_o second_o century_n as_o have_v we_o no_o other_o evidence_n may_v be_v make_v good_a from_o the_o testimony_n of_o the_o author_n of_o that_o dialogue_n in_o lucian_n if_o not_o lucian_n himself_o 1007._o of_o which_o i_o see_v no_o great_a cause_n to_o doubt_v who_o live_v under_o the_o reign_n of_o trajan_n and_o who_o express_o mention_n that_o house_n or_o room_n wherein_o the_o christian_n be_v wont_a to_o assemble_v together_o and_o clemens_n in_o his_o famous_a epistle_n to_o the_o corinthian_n assure_v we_o 52._o that_o christ_n do_v not_o only_o appoint_v the_o time_n when_o the_o person_n by_o who_o but_o the_o place_n where_o he_o will_v be_v solemn_o serve_v and_o worship_v 98._o and_o justin_n martyr_n express_o affirm_v that_o upon_o sunday_n all_o christian_n whether_o in_o town_n or_o country_n use_v to_o assemble_v together_o in_o one_o place_n which_o can_v hardly_o be_v do_v have_v not_o that_o place_n be_v fix_v and_o settle_v 88_o the_o same_o we_o find_v afterward_o in_o several_a place_n of_o tertullian_n who_o speak_v of_o their_o come_n into_o the_o church_n and_o the_o house_n of_o god_n 51._o which_o he_o elsewhere_o call_v the_o house_n of_o our_o dove_n i.e._n our_o innocent_a and_o dovelike_a religion_n and_o
we_o be_v here_o we_o must_v worship_v god_n with_o respect_n to_o our_o present_a state_n and_o consequent_o of_o necessity_n have_v some_o definite_a and_o particular_a time_n to_o do_v it_o in_o now_o that_o man_n may_v not_o be_v leave_v to_o a_o float_a uncertainty_n in_o a_o matter_n of_o so_o great_a importance_n in_o all_o age_n and_o nation_n man_n have_v be_v guide_v by_o the_o very_a dictate_v of_o nature_n to_o pitch_v upon_o some_o certain_a season_n wherein_o to_o assemble_v and_o meet_v together_o to_o perform_v the_o public_a office_n of_o religion_n what_o and_o how_o many_o be_v the_o public_a festival_n institute_v and_o observe_v either_o among_o jew_n or_o gentile_n i_o be_o not_o concern_v to_o take_v notice_n of_o for_o the_o ancient_a christian_n they_o ever_o have_v their_o peculiar_a season_n their_o solemn_a and_o state_v time_n of_o meet_v together_o to_o perform_v the_o common_a duty_n of_o divine_a worship_n of_o which_o because_o the_o lordsday_n challenge_v the_o precedency_n of_o all_o the_o rest_n we_o shall_v begin_v first_o with_o that_o and_o be_v unconcern_v in_o all_o the_o controversy_n which_o in_o the_o late_a time_n be_v raise_v about_o it_o i_o shall_v only_o note_v some_o instance_n of_o the_o piety_n of_o christian_n in_o reference_n to_o this_o day_n which_o i_o have_v observe_v in_o pass_v through_o the_o writer_n of_o those_o time_n for_o the_o name_n of_o this_o day_n of_o public_a worship_n it_o be_v sometime_o especial_o by_o justin_n martyr_n and_o tertullian_n call_v sunday_n because_o it_o happen_v upon_o that_o day_n of_o the_o week_n which_o by_o the_o heathen_n be_v dedicate_v to_o the_o sun_n and_o therefore_o as_o be_v best_o know_v to_o they_o the_o father_n common_o make_v use_v of_o it_o in_o their_o apology_n to_o the_o heathen_a governor_n this_o title_n continue_v after_o the_o world_n become_v christian_n and_o seldom_o it_o be_v that_o it_o pass_v under_o any_o other_o name_n in_o the_o imperial_a edict_n of_o the_o first_o christian_a emperor_n but_o the_o more_o proper_a and_o prevail_a name_n be_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d or_o die_v dominica_n the_o lordsday_n as_o it_o be_v call_v by_o s._n john_n himself_o 10._o as_o be_v that_o day_n of_o the_o week_n whereon_o our_o lord_n make_v his_o triumphant_a return_n from_o the_o dead_a 99_o this_o justin_n martyr_n assure_v we_o be_v the_o true_a original_n of_o the_o title_n upon_o sunday_n say_v he_o we_o all_o assemble_v and_o meet_v together_o as_o be_v the_o first_o day_n wherein_o god_n part_v the_o darkness_n from_o the_o rude_a chaos_n create_v the_o world_n and_o the_o same_o day_n whereon_o jesus_n christ_n our_o saviour_n rise_v again_o from_o the_o dead_a for_o he_o be_v crucify_v the_o day_n before_o saturday_n and_o the_o day_n after_o which_o be_v sunday_n he_o appear_v to_o his_o apostle_n and_o disciple_n by_o this_o mean_n observe_v a_o kind_n of_o analogy_n and_o proportion_n with_o the_o jewish_a sabbath_n which_o have_v be_v institute_v by_o god_n himself_o for_o as_o that_o day_n be_v keep_v as_o a_o commemoration_n of_o god_n sabbath_n or_o rest_v from_o the_o work_n of_o creation_n so_o be_v this_o set_v apart_o to_o religious_a use_n as_o the_o solemn_a memorial_n of_o christ_n rest_v from_o the_o work_n of_o our_o redemption_n in_o this_o world_n complete_v upon_o the_o day_n of_o his_o resurrection_n which_o bring_v into_o my_o mind_n that_o custom_n of_o they_o so_o universal_o common_a in_o those_o day_n that_o whereas_o at_o other_o time_n they_o kneel_v at_o prayer_n on_o the_o lord_n day_n they_o always_o pray_v stand_v as_o be_v express_o affirm_v both_o by_o justin_n martyr_n and_o tertullian_n 98._o the_o reason_n of_o which_o we_o find_v in_o the_o author_n of_o the_o question_n and_o answer_n in_o j._n martyr_n 102._o it_o be_v say_v he_o that_o by_o this_o mean_v we_o may_v be_v put_v in_o mind_n both_o of_o our_o fall_n by_o sin_n 468._o &_o our_o resurrection_n or_o restitution_n by_o the_o grace_n of_o christ_n that_o for_o six_o day_n we_o pray_v upon_o our_o knee_n be_v in_o token_n of_o our_o fall_n by_o sin_n but_o that_o on_o the_o lord_n day_n we_o do_v not_o bow_v the_o knee_n do_v symbolical_o represent_v our_o resurrection_n by_o which_o through_o the_o grace_n of_o christ_n we_o be_v deliver_v from_o our_o sin_n and_o the_o power_n of_o death_n this_o he_o there_o tell_v we_o be_v a_o custom_n derive_v from_o the_o very_a time_n of_o the_o apostle_n for_o which_o he_o cite_v irenaeus_n in_o his_o book_n concern_v easter_n and_o this_o custom_n be_v maintain_v with_o so_o much_o vigour_n that_o when_o some_o begin_v to_o neglect_v it_o the_o great_a council_n of_o nice_a take_v notice_n of_o it_o 20._o and_o ordain_v that_o there_o shall_v be_v a_o constant_a uniformity_n in_o this_o case_n and_o that_o on_o the_o lord_n day_n and_o at_o such_o other_o time_n as_o be_v usual_a man_n shall_v stand_v when_o they_o make_v their_o prayer_n to_o god_n so_o fit_a and_o reasonable_a do_v they_o think_v it_o to_o do_v all_o possible_a honour_n to_o that_o day_n on_o which_o christ_n rise_v from_o the_o dead_a therefore_o we_o may_v observe_v all_o along_o in_o the_o sacred_a story_n that_o after_o christ_n resurrection_n the_o apostle_n and_o primitive_a christian_n do_v especial_o assemble_v upon_o the_o first_o day_n of_o the_o week_n and_o whatever_o they_o may_v do_v at_o other_o time_n yet_o there_o be_v many_o passage_n that_o intimate_v that_o the_o first_o day_n of_o the_o week_n be_v their_o more_o solemn_a time_n of_o meeting_n on_o this_o day_n it_o be_v that_o they_o be_v meet_v together_o when_o our_o saviour_n first_o appear_v to_o they_o and_o so_o again_o the_o next_o week_n after_o on_o this_o day_n they_o be_v assemble_v when_o the_o holy_a ghost_n so_o visible_o come_v down_o upon_o they_o when_o peter_n preach_v that_o excellent_a sermon_n convert_v and_o baptize_v three_o thousand_o soul_n thus_o when_o s._n paul_n be_v take_v his_o leave_n at_o troas_n upon_o the_o first_o day_n of_o the_o week_n when_o the_o disciple_n come_v together_o to_o break_v bread_n i.e._n as_o almost_o all_o agree_v to_o celebrate_v the_o holy_a sacrament_n he_o preach_v to_o they_o 2._o sufficient_o intimate_v that_o upon_o that_o day_n it_o be_v their_o usual_a custom_n to_o meet_v in_o that_o manner_n and_o elsewhere_o give_v direction_n to_o the_o church_n of_o corinth_n as_o he_o have_v do_v in_o the_o like_a case_n to_o other_o church_n concern_v their_o contribution_n to_o the_o poor_a suffer_a brethren_n he_o bid_v they_o lay_v it_o aside_o upon_o the_o first_o day_n of_o the_o week_n which_o seem_v plain_o to_o respect_v their_o religious_a assembly_n upon_o that_o day_n for_o than_o it_o be_v that_o every_o one_o according_a to_o his_o ability_n deposit_v something_o for_o the_o relief_n of_o the_o poor_a and_o the_o use_n of_o the_o church_n after_o the_o apostle_n the_o christian_n constant_o observe_v this_o day_n meet_v together_o for_o prayer_n expound_v and_o hear_v of_o the_o scripture_n celebration_n of_o the_o sacrament_n and_o other_o public_a duty_n of_o religion_n upon_o the_o day_n call_v sunday_n say_v j._n martyr_n all_o of_o we_o that_o live_v either_o in_o city_n or_o country_n meet_v together_o in_o one_o place_n 98_o and_o what_o they_o then_o do_v 10._o he_o there_o describe_v 97._o of_o which_o afterward_o this_o doubtless_o pliny_n mean_v when_o give_v trajan_n a_o account_n of_o the_o christian_n he_o tell_v he_o that_o they_o be_v wont_a to_o meet_v together_o to_o worship_n christ_n stato_fw-la die_fw-la upon_o a_o set_v certain_a day_n by_o which_o he_o can_v be_v reasonable_o understand_v to_o design_n no_o other_o but_o the_o lord_n day_n for_o though_o they_o probable_o meet_v at_o other_o time_n yet_o he_o take_v notice_n of_o this_o only_a either_o because_o the_o christian_n who_o he_o have_v examine_v have_v not_o tell_v he_o of_o their_o meeting_n at_o other_o time_n or_o because_o this_o be_v their_o most_o public_a and_o solemn_a convention_n and_o which_o in_o a_o manner_n swallow_v up_o the_o rest_n by_o the_o violent_a persecution_n of_o those_o time_n the_o christian_n be_v force_v to_o meet_v together_o before_o day_n so_o pliny_n in_o the_o same_o place_n tell_v the_o emperor_n 168._o that_o they_o assemble_v before_o daylight_n to_o sing_v their_o morning_n hymn_n to_o christ_n whence_o it_o be_v that_o tertullian_n so_o often_o mention_n their_o nocturnal_a convocation_n for_o put_v the_o case_n that_o his_o wife_n after_o his_o decease_n shall_v marry_v with_o a_o gentile-husband_n among_o other_o inconvenience_n he_o ask_v she_o whether_o she_o think_v he_o will_v be_v willing_a to_o let_v she_o rise_v from_o his_o bed_n to_o go_v to_o their_o night
correspondent_n to_o which_o 31._o the_o canon_n call_v apostolical_a 5._o and_o the_o council_n of_o antioch_n ordain_v that_o if_o any_o presbyter_n set_v light_n by_o his_o own_o bishop_n shall_v withdraw_v and_o set_v up_o separate_a meeting_n and_o erect_v another_o altar_n i._n e._n say_v zonaras_n keep_v unlawful_a conventicle_n preach_v private_o and_o administer_v the_o sacrament_n that_o in_o such_o a_o case_n he_o shall_v be_v depose_v as_o ambitious_a and_o tyrannical_a and_o the_o people_n communicate_v with_o he_o be_v excommunicate_a as_o be_v factious_a and_o schismatical_a only_o this_o not_o to_o be_v do_v till_o after_o the_o three_o admonition_n after_o all_o that_o have_v be_v say_v i_o may_v further_o show_v what_o esteem_n and_o value_v the_o first_o christian_n have_v of_o the_o lord_n day_n by_o those_o great_a and_o honourable_a thing_n they_o have_v speak_v concern_v it_o of_o which_o i_o will_v produce_v but_o two_o passage_n the_o one_o be_v that_o in_o the_o epistle_n ad_fw-la magnesios_n which_o if_o not_o ignatius_n must_v yet_o be_v acknowledge_v a_o ancient_a author_n 149._o let_v every_o one_o say_v he_o that_o love_v christ_n keep_v the_o lord_n day_n festival_n the_o resurrection_n day_n the_o queen_n and_o empress_n of_o all_o day_n in_o which_o our_o life_n be_v raise_v again_o and_o death_n conquer_v by_o our_o lord_n and_o saviour_n the_o other_o that_o of_o theophilus_n bishop_n of_o alexandria_n 170._o who_o speak_v thus_o that_o both_o custom_n and_o reason_n challenge_v from_o we_o that_o we_o shall_v honour_v the_o lord_n day_n and_o keep_v it_o festival_n see_v on_o that_o day_n it_o be_v that_o our_o lord_n jesus_n christ_n complete_v his_o resurrection_n from_o the_o dead_a next_o to_o the_o lord_n day_n the_o sabbath_n or_o saturday_n for_o so_o the_o word_n sabbatum_fw-la be_v constant_o use_v in_o the_o write_n of_o the_o father_n when_o speak_v of_o it_o as_o it_o relate_v to_o christian_n be_v hold_v by_o they_o in_o great_a veneration_n and_o especial_o in_o the_o eastern_a part_n honour_v with_o all_o the_o public_a solemnity_n of_o religion_n for_o which_o we_o be_v to_o know_v that_o the_o gospel_n in_o those_o part_n main_o prevail_v among_o the_o jew_n they_o be_v general_o the_o first_o convert_v to_o the_o christian_a faith_n they_o still_o retain_v a_o mighty_a reverence_n for_o the_o mosaic_a institution_n and_o especial_o for_o the_o sabbath_n as_o that_o which_o have_v be_v appoint_v by_o god_n himself_o as_o the_o memorial_n of_o his_o rest_n from_o the_o work_n of_o creation_n settle_v by_o their_o great_a master_n moses_n and_o celebrate_v by_o their_o ancestor_n for_o so_o many_o age_n as_o the_o solemn_a day_n of_o their_o public_a worship_n and_o be_v therefore_o very_o loath_a that_o it_o shall_v be_v whole_o antiquate_v and_o lay_v aside_o for_o this_o reason_n it_o seem_v good_a to_o the_o prudence_n of_o those_o time_n as_o in_o other_o of_o the_o jewish_a rite_n so_o in_o this_o to_o indulge_v the_o humour_n of_o that_o people_n and_o to_o keep_v the_o sabbath_n as_o a_o day_n for_o religious_a office_n hence_o they_o usual_o have_v most_o part_n of_o divine_a service_n perform_v upon_o that_o day_n they_o meet_v together_o for_o public_a prayer_n for_o read_v the_o scripture_n celebration_n of_o the_o sacrament_n and_o such_o like_a duty_n this_o be_v plain_a not_o only_o from_o some_o passage_n in_o ignatius_n and_o clemens_n his_o constitution_n but_o from_o writer_n of_o more_o unquestionable_a credit_n and_o authority_n init_fw-la athanasius_n bishop_n of_o alexandria_n tell_v we_o that_o they_o assemble_v on_o saturdays_n not_o that_o they_o be_v infect_v with_o judaisme_n but_o only_o to_o worship_n jesus_n christ_n the_o lord_n of_o the_o sabbath_n 312._o and_o socrates_n speak_v of_o the_o usual_a time_n of_o their_o public_a meeting_n call_v the_o sabbath_n and_o the_o lord_n day_n the_o weekly_a festival_n on_o which_o the_o congregation_n be_v wont_a to_o meet_v in_o the_o church_n for_o the_o performance_n of_o divine_a service_n therefore_o the_o council_n of_o laodicea_n among_o other_o thing_n decree_v 51._o that_o upon_o saturday_n the_o gospel_n and_o other_o scripture_n shall_v be_v read_v that_o in_o lent_n the_o eucharist_n shall_v not_o be_v celebrate_v but_o upon_o saturday_n and_o the_o lord_n day_n and_o upon_o those_o day_n only_o in_o the_o time_n of_o lent_n it_o shall_v be_v lawful_a to_o commemorate_v and_o rehearse_v the_o name_n of_o martyr_n upon_o this_o day_n also_o aswell_o as_o upon_o sunday_n all_o fast_n be_v severe_o prohibit_v a_o infallible_a argument_n they_o count_v it_o a_o festival_n day_n one_o saturday_n in_o the_o year_n only_o except_v viz._n that_o before_o easter-day_n which_o be_v always_o observe_v as_o a_o solemn_a fast_o thing_n so_o common_o know_v as_o to_o need_v no_o proof_n but_o though_o the_o church_n think_v fit_a thus_o far_o to_o correspond_v with_o jewish_a convert_v as_o solemn_o to_o observe_v the_o sabbath_n yet_o to_o take_v away_o all_o offence_n and_o to_o vindicate_v themselves_o from_o compliance_n with_o judaisme_n they_o open_o declare_v that_o they_o do_v it_o only_o in_o a_o christian_a way_n and_o keep_v it_o not_o as_o a_o jewish_a sabbath_n as_o be_v express_o affirm_v by_o athanasius_n cement_n nazianzen_n and_o other_o and_o the_o forementioned_a laodicean_n synod_n have_v a_o canon_n to_o this_o purpose_n 835._o that_o christian_n shall_v not_o judaize_v 29._o and_o rest_n from_o all_o labour_n on_o the_o sabbath_n but_o follow_v their_o ordinary_a work_n i._n e._n so_o far_o as_o consist_v with_o their_o attendance_n upon_o the_o public_a assembly_n and_o shall_v not_o entertain_v such_o thought_n of_o it_o but_o that_o still_o they_o shall_v prefer_v the_o lord_n day_n before_o it_o and_o on_o that_o day_n rest_n as_o christian_n but_o if_o any_o be_v find_v to_o judaize_v they_o shall_v be_v accurse_v thus_o stand_v the_o case_n in_o the_o eastern_a church_n in_o those_o of_o the_o west_n we_o find_v it_o somewhat_o different_a among_o they_o it_o be_v not_o observe_v as_o a_o religious_a festival_n but_o keep_v as_o a_o constant_a fast_o the_o reason_n whereof_o as_o it_o be_v give_v by_o pope_n innonocent_a in_o a_o epistle_n to_o the_o bishop_n of_o eugubium_n where_o he_o treat_v of_o this_o very_a case_n seem_v most_o probable_a if_o vero_fw-la say_v he_o we_o commemorate_v christ_n resurrection_n not_o only_o at_o easter_n but_o every_o lord_n day_n and_o fast_o upon_o friday_n because_o it_o be_v the_o day_n of_o his_o passion_n we_o ought_v not_o to_o pass_v by_o saturday_n which_o be_v the_o middle-time_n between_o the_o day_n of_o grief_n and_o joy_n the_o apostle_n themselves_o spend_v those_o two_o day_n viz._n friday_n and_o the_o sabbath_n in_o great_a sorrow_n and_o heaviness_n and_o he_o think_v no_o doubt_n ought_v to_o be_v make_v but_o that_o the_o apostle_n fast_v upon_o those_o two_o day_n whence_o the_o church_n have_v a_o tradition_n that_o the_o sacrament_n be_v not_o to_o be_v administer_v on_o those_o day_n and_o therefore_o conclude_v that_o every_o saturday_n or_o sabbath_n ought_v to_o be_v keep_v a_o fast_a to_o the_o same_o purpose_n the_o council_n of_o illiberis_n ordain_v 35._o that_o a_o saturday_n festival_n be_v a_o error_n that_o ought_v to_o be_v reform_v and_o that_o man_n ought_v to_o fast_o upon_o every_o sabbath_n but_o though_o this_o seem_v to_o have_v be_v the_o general_a practice_n yet_o it_o do_v not_o obtain_v in_o all_o place_n of_o the_o west_n alike_o in_o italy_n itself_o it_o be_v otherwise_o at_o milan_n where_o saturday_n be_v a_o festival_n praefixâ—_n and_o it_o be_v say_v in_o the_o life_n of_o s._n ambrose_n who_o be_v bishop_n of_o that_o see_v that_o he_o constant_o dine_v as_o well_o upon_o saturday_n as_o the_o lord_n day_n it_o be_v his_o custom_n to_o dine_v upon_o no_o other_o day_n but_o those_o and_o the_o memorial_n of_o the_o martyr_n and_o use_v also_o upon_o that_o day_n to_o preach_v to_o the_o people_n though_o so_o great_a be_v the_o prudence_n and_o moderation_n of_o that_o good_a man_n that_o he_o bind_v not_o up_o himself_o in_o these_o indifferent_a thing_n but_o when_o he_o be_v at_o milan_n he_o dine_v upon_o saturday_n and_o when_o he_o be_v at_o rome_n he_o fast_v as_o they_o do_v upon_o those_o day_n 2._o this_o s._n augustine_n assure_v we_o he_o have_v from_o his_o own_o mouth_n for_o when_o his_o mother_n monica_n come_v after_o he_o to_o milan_n where_o he_o then_o reside_v she_o be_v great_o trouble_v to_o find_v the_o saturday_n fast_v not_o keep_v there_o as_o she_o have_v find_v it_o in_o other_o place_n for_o her_o satisfaction_n he_o immediate_o go_v to_o consult_v s._n ambrose_n than_o bishop_n of_o that_o place_n who_o tell_v he_o he_o can_v give_v he_o no_o better_o
advice_n in_o the_o cause_n that_o to_o do_v as_o he_o do_v when_o i_o come_v to_o rome_n say_v he_o i_o fast_o on_o the_o saturday_n as_o they_o do_v at_o rome_n when_o i_o be_o here_o i_o do_v not_o fast_o so_o likewise_o you_o to_o whatsoever_o church_n you_o come_v observe_v the_o custom_n of_o that_o place_n if_o you_o mean_v not_o either_o to_o give_v or_o take_v offence_n with_o this_o answer_n he_o satisfy_v his_o mother_n and_o ever_o after_o when_o he_o think_v of_o it_o look_v upon_o it_o as_o a_o oracle_n send_v from_o heaven_n so_o that_o even_o in_o italy_n the_o saturday_n fast_o be_v not_o universal_o observe_v nay_o a_o very_a learned_a man_n and_o a_o bishop_n of_o the_o roman_a church_n think_v it_o high_o probable_a 90._o that_o for_o the_o first_o age_n especial_o saturday_n be_v no_o more_o keep_v as_o a_o fast_a at_o rome_n than_o in_o the_o church_n of_o the_o east_n though_o the_o great_a argument_n whereby_o he_o will_v establish_v it_o viz._n because_o some_o latin_a church_n who_o must_v needs_o follow_v the_o pattern_n of_o the_o church_n of_o rome_n do_v not_o keep_v it_o so_o be_v very_o infirm_a and_o weak_a and_o needs_o no_o more_o than_o that_o very_a instance_n of_o the_o church_n of_o milan_n to_o refute_v it_o which_o though_o under_o the_o pope_n nose_n do_v not_o yet_o keep_v that_o day_n as_o a_o fast_a although_o this_o be_v many_o year_n after_o it_o have_v be_v so_o establish_v and_o observe_v at_o rome_n and_o now_o that_o i_o be_o get_v into_o this_o business_n i_o shall_v once_o for_o all_o dispatch_v the_o matter_n about_o their_o fast_n before_o i_o proceed_v to_o their_o other_o festival_n it_o be_v certain_a the_o ancient_a christian_n have_v two_o sort_n of_o solemn_a fast_n weekly_a and_o annual_a their_o weekly_a fast_n call_v jejunia_fw-la quartae_fw-la &_o sextae_fw-la seriae_fw-la be_v keep_v upon_o wednesday_n and_o friday_n appoint_v so_o as_o we_o be_v tell_v for_o this_o reason_n because_o on_o wednesday_n our_o lord_n be_v betray_v by_o judas_n on_o friday_n he_o be_v crucify_v by_o the_o jew_n 978._o this_o custom_n epiphanius_n how_o true_o i_o know_v not_o refer_v to_o the_o apostle_n and_o elsewhere_o tell_v we_o that_o those_o day_n be_v observe_v as_o fast_n through_o the_o whole_a world_n 466._o these_o fast_n they_o call_v their_o station_n not_o because_o they_o stand_v all_o the_o while_n 387._o but_o by_o a_o allusion_n to_o the_o military_a station_n and_o keep_v their_o guard_n as_o tertullian_n observe_v 136._o they_o keep_v close_o at_o it_o and_o they_o usual_o last_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d as_o epiphanius_n inform_v we_o 466._o till_o the_o nine_o hour_n i._n e._n till_o three_o of_o the_o clock_n in_o the_o afternoon_n at_o which_o time_n have_v end_v their_o fast_a devotion_n they_o receive_v the_o eucharist_n and_o then_o break_v up_o the_o station_n and_o go_v home_o whence_o it_o be_v that_o tertullian_n call_v they_o stationum_fw-la semijejunia_fw-la 551._o the_o half_a fast_n of_o station_n and_o he_o seem_v to_o censure_v the_o practice_n of_o some_o who_o have_v private_o resolve_v upon_o a_o entire_a fast_a of_o the_o whole_a day_n 135._o refuse_v to_o receive_v the_o eucharist_n at_o the_o public_a stationary_a fast_n because_o they_o think_v that_o by_o eat_v and_o drink_v the_o sacramental_a element_n they_o put_v a_o period_n to_o their_o fast_n b._n for_o it_o be_v usual_a in_o those_o time_n with_o many_o after_o the_o stationary_a fast_n be_v end_v to_o continue_v and_o hold_v on_o the_o fast_a until_o the_o evening_n the_o historian_n tell_v we_o that_o it_o have_v be_v a_o very_a ancient_a custom_n in_o the_o church_n of_o alexandria_n 28._o upon_o these_o day_n to_o have_v the_o scripture_n read_v and_o expound_v and_o all_o other_o part_n of_o divine_a service_n except_o the_o celebration_n of_o the_o sacrament_n and_o that_o it_o be_v chief_o in_o those_o day_n that_o origen_n be_v wont_a to_o teach_v the_o people_n whether_o the_o omit_v of_o the_o sacrament_n than_o may_v be_v a_o peculiar_a custom_n to_o that_o church_n i_o know_v not_o certain_z i_o be_o it_o be_v upon_o those_o day_n administer_v in_o other_o place_n 279._o so_o s._n basil_n enumerate_v the_o time_n how_o oft_o they_o receive_v it_o every_o week_n express_o put_v wednesday_n and_o friday_n into_o the_o number_n the_o remain_v of_o these_o primitive_a station_n be_v yet_o observe_v in_o our_o church_n at_o this_o day_n which_o by_o she_o 15._o canon_n have_v ordain_v that_o though_o wednesdays_n and_o friday_n be_v not_o holy_a day_n yet_o that_o weekly_a upon_o those_o time_n minister_n and_o people_n shall_v resort_v to_o church_n at_o the_o accustom_a hour_n of_o prayer_n their_o annual_a fast_n be_v that_o of_o lent_n by_o way_n of_o preparation_n to_o the_o feast_n of_o our_o saviour_n resurrection_n this_o though_o not_o in_o the_o modern_a use_n of_o it_o be_v very_o ancient_a 629._o though_o far_o from_o be_v anâ—_n apostolical_a canon_n as_o a_o learned_a prelate_n of_o our_o church_n have_v full_o prove_v from_o the_o very_a first_o age_n of_o the_o christian_a church_n it_o be_v customary_a to_o fast_v before_o easter_n but_o for_o how_o long_o it_o be_v various_o observe_v according_a to_o different_a time_n and_o place_n some_o fast_v so_o many_o day_n other_o so_o many_o week_n and_o some_o so_o many_o day_n on_o each_o week_n 276._o and_o it_o be_v most_o probable_o think_v that_o it_o be_v at_o first_o style_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d or_o quadragesima_fw-la not_o because_o it_o be_v a_o fast_a of_o forty_o day_n but_o of_o forty_o hour_n begin_v about_o twelve_o on_o friday_n the_o time_n of_o our_o saviour_n fall_v under_o the_o power_n of_o death_n and_o continue_v till_o sunday_n morning_n the_o time_n of_o his_o rise_n from_o the_o dead_a afterward_o it_o be_v enlarge_v to_o a_o long_a time_n draw_v out_o into_o more_o day_n and_o then_o week_n till_o it_o come_v to_o three_o and_o at_o last_o to_o six_o or_o seven_o week_n but_o concern_v the_o different_a observation_n of_o it_o in_o several_a place_n let_v they_o who_o desire_v to_o know_v more_o consult_v socrates_n and_o sozomen_n 22._o who_o both_o speak_v enough_o about_o it_o 19_o this_o quadragesimal_n fast_o be_v keep_v in_o those_o time_n with_o great_a piety_n and_o religion_n people_n general_o apply_v themselves_o with_o all_o seriousness_n to_o act_n of_o penance_n and_o mortification_n 1._o whence_o chrysostom_n call_v lend_v the_o remedy_n and_o physic_n of_o our_o soul_n and_o to_o the_o end_n that_o the_o observation_n of_o it_o may_v be_v more_o grave_a and_o solemn_a theodosin_n m._n and_o his_o colleague_n emperor_n pass_v two_o law_n 9_o that_o during_o the_o time_n of_o lent_n all_o process_n and_o enquiry_n into_o criminal_a action_n shall_v be_v suspend_v 5._o and_o no_o corporal_a punishment_n inflict_v upon_o any_o it_o be_v unfit_a as_o the_o second_o of_o those_o law_n express_v it_o that_o in_o the_o holy_a time_n of_o lent_n the_o body_n shall_v suffer_v punishment_n while_o the_o soul_n be_v expect_v absolution_n but_o with_o what_o care_n soever_o they_o keep_v the_o precede_a part_n it_o be_v certain_a they_o keep_v the_o close_a of_o it_o with_o a_o mighty_a strictness_n and_o austerity_n i_o mean_v the_o last_o week_n of_o it_o 932._o that_o which_o immediate_o precede_v the_o feast_n of_o easter_n this_o they_o consecrate_v to_o more_o peculiar_a act_n of_o prayer_n abstinence_n 466._o and_o devotion_n and_o whereas_o in_o the_o other_o part_n of_o lent_n they_o end_v their_o fast_n in_o the_o evening_n in_o this_o they_o extend_v it_o to_o the_o cock-crowing_a or_o first_o glimpse_n of_o the_o morning_n to_o be_v sure_a they_o end_v it_o not_o before_o midnight_n for_o to_o break_v up_o the_o fast_a before_o that_o time_n be_v account_v a_o piece_n of_o great_a profaneness_n and_o intemperance_n as_o 1._o dionysius_n bishop_n of_o alexandria_n determine_v in_o a_o letter_n to_o basilides_n wherein_o he_o large_o and_o learned_o state_v the_o case_n this_o be_v the_o hebdomada_fw-la magna_fw-la the_o great_a or_o holy_a week_n 328._o so_o call_v say_v chrysostom_n not_o that_o it_o have_v either_o more_o hour_n or_o day_n in_o it_o than_o other_o week_n but_o because_o this_o be_v the_o week_n in_o which_o true_o great_a and_o ineffable_a good_a thing_n be_v purchase_v for_o we_o within_o this_o time_n death_n be_v conquer_v the_o curse_n destroy_v the_o devil_n tyranny_n dissolve_v his_o instrument_n break_v heaven_n open_v angel_n rejoice_v the_o partition-wall_n break_v down_o and_o god_n and_o man_n reconcile_v for_o this_o cause_n we_o call_v it_o the_o great_a week_n for_o this_o cause_n man_n fast_o and_o watch_v and_o do_v alm_n to_o do_v the_o great_a honour_n to_o it_o
shall_v be_v desire_v suffer_v himself_o to_o be_v despise_v and_o reject_v of_o man_n who_o esteem_v he_o not_o and_o hide_v as_o it_o be_v their_o face_n from_o he_o who_o count_v himself_o a_o worm_n and_o no_o man_n and_o be_v according_o make_v a_o reproach_n of_o man_n and_o the_o derision_n of_o the_o people_n all_o they_o that_o see_v he_o laugh_v he_o to_o scorn_v shoot_v out_o the_o lip_n and_o shake_v the_o head_n at_o he_o now_o if_o our_o lord_n himself_o be_v so_o humble-minded_n what_o shall_v we_o be_v who_o be_v come_v under_o the_o yoke_n of_o his_o grace_n this_o and_o much_o more_o to_o the_o same_o purpose_n have_v that_o venerable_a and_o apostolical_a man_n in_o that_o admirable_a epistle_n wherein_o he_o do_v lively_o describe_v and_o recommend_v the_o meek_a and_o excellent_a spirit_n of_o the_o gospel_n justin_n the_o martyr_n tread_v in_o the_o very_a same_o step_n 505._o he_o tell_v we_o that_o we_o be_v to_o shun_v all_o sinister_a suspicion_n of_o other_o and_o to_o be_v very_o careful_a what_o opinion_n we_o entertain_v of_o they_o that_o we_o be_v to_o be_v of_o a_o meek_a and_o unpassionate_a mind_n not_o envy_v the_o good_a esteem_n and_o respect_n which_o other_o have_v nor_o ambitious_o affect_v or_o put_v ourselves_o forward_o upon_o any_o service_n or_o employment_n that_o we_o be_v humble_o to_o submit_v ourselves_o not_o in_o word_n only_o 509._o but_o in_o all_o our_o action_n so_o as_o that_o we_o may_v appear_v to_o be_v not_o impostor_n and_o distembler_n but_o mild_a and_o undesigning_a person_n for_o whoever_o will_v govern_v his_o life_n aright_o must_v be_v modest_a and_o unpragmatical_a not_o angry_a and_o contentious_a but_o silent_o consider_v with_o himself_o what_o be_v best_a and_o fit_a to_o be_v do_v that_o we_o be_v to_o account_v other_o wise_a and_o prudent_a and_o not_o to_o think_v ourselves_o the_o only_a discreet_a and_o understand_a person_n that_o we_o must_v not_o despise_v their_o admonition_n but_o harken_v to_o their_o counsel_n when_o ever_o they_o be_v just_a and_o true_a when_o some_o in_o st._n cyprian_n time_n have_v make_v a_o noble_a and_o resolute_a confession_n of_o christ_n in_o the_o face_n of_o the_o great_a danger_n 5._o lest_o they_o shall_v be_v exalt_v above_o measure_n in_o their_o own_o thought_n 13._o he_o bid_v they_o remember_v according_a to_o the_o discipline_n of_o the_o gospel_n to_o be_v humble_a and_o modest_a and_o quiet_a that_o they_o may_v preserve_v the_o honour_n of_o their_o name_n and_o be_v as_o glorious_a in_o their_o action_n as_o they_o have_v be_v in_o their_o word_n and_o confession_n of_o christ_n that_o they_o shall_v imitate_v their_o lord_n who_o be_v not_o more_o proud_a but_o more_o humble_a at_o the_o time_n of_o his_o passion_n wash_v his_o apostle_n foot_n and_o follow_v the_o counsel_n and_o pattern_n of_o st._n paul_n who_o in_o his_o great_a suffering_n continue_v meek_a and_o humble_a and_o do_v not_o arrogate_v any_o thing_n to_o himself_o no_o not_o after_o he_o have_v be_v honour_v with_o a_o translation_n into_o paradise_n and_o the_o three_o heaven_n and_o great_a reason_n he_o have_v to_o press_v this_o with_o all_o possible_a vehemency_n at_o that_o time_n lest_o christian_n by_o their_o turbulent_a and_o unquiet_a carriage_n shall_v provoke_v the_o heathen_a magistrate_n to_o great_a severity_n against_o they_o and_o indeed_o who_o can_v better_o do_v it_o than_o he_o who_o be_v himself_o so_o eminent_a for_o humility_n for_o though_o some_o schismatical_a person_n who_o wildness_n and_o insolence_n he_o seek_v to_o restrain_v endeavour_v to_o insinuate_v that_o he_o be_v not_o so_o humble_a as_o become_v a_o man_n of_o his_o rank_n and_o order_n and_o as_o be_v our_o lord_n and_o his_o apostle_n yet_o observe_v how_o he_o vindicate_v himself_o in_o a_o letter_n to_o pupianus_n the_o head_n of_o the_o party_n 116._o as_o for_o my_o humility_n say_v he_o it_o be_v sufficient_o know_v not_o only_o to_o the_o brethren_n but_o the_o gentile_n themselves_o do_v see_v and_o respect_v it_o and_o thou_o thyself_o do_v know_v and_o honour_v it_o whilst_o thou_o be_v yet_o in_o the_o church_n and_o do_v communicate_v with_o i_o but_o which_o of_o we_o i_o pray_v be_v far_a from_o humility_n ay_o who_o daily_o serve_v the_o brethren_n and_o receive_v those_o who_o come_v unto_o the_o church_n with_o all_o joy_n and_o kindness_n or_o thou_o who_o make_v thyself_o a_o bishop_n over_o thy_o bishop_n and_o pretend_v to_o be_v a_o judge_n appoint_v by_o god_n over_o he_o who_o be_v thy_o judge_n and_o indeed_o how_o far_o the_o good_a man_n be_v from_o any_o design_n of_o greatness_n and_o domination_n appear_v in_o this_o 12._o that_o when_o the_o people_n have_v universal_o choose_v he_o to_o be_v bishop_n he_o private_o withdraw_v and_o retire_v himself_o reckon_v himself_o unworthy_a of_o so_o great_a and_o honourable_a a_o office_n and_o give_v way_n to_o other_o who_o age_n and_o experience_n render_v they_o as_o he_o think_v much_o fit_a for_o it_o but_o the_o importunity_n of_o the_o people_n be_v heighten_v into_o a_o great_a impatiency_n and_o have_v find_v where_o he_o be_v they_o beset_v the_o house_n and_o block_v up_o all_o passage_n of_o escape_n till_o they_o have_v find_v he_o and_o force_v it_o upon_o he_o and_o with_o no_o less_o humility_n do_v he_o behave_v himself_o in_o the_o discharge_n of_o it_o when_o consult_v by_o some_o of_o his_o clergy_n what_o they_o shall_v do_v in_o the_o case_n of_o the_o lapse_v 14._o he_o answer_v that_o be_v now_o alone_o he_o can_v say_v nothing_o to_o it_o for_o that_o he_o have_v determine_v from_o his_o first_o enter_v upon_o his_o bishopric_n not_o to_o adjudge_v any_o thing_n by_o his_o own_o private_a order_n without_o the_o counsel_n of_o the_o clergy_n and_o the_o consent_n of_o the_o people_n so_o mean_o do_v that_o wise_a and_o excellent_a man_n think_v of_o himself_o and_o so_o much_o do_v he_o attribute_v to_o the_o judgement_n and_o concurrence_n of_o those_o that_o be_v below_o he_o nazianzen_n report_v of_o his_o father_n a_o bishop_n too_o that_o among_o other_o virtue_n he_o be_v peculiar_o remarkable_a for_o humility_n 300._o which_o he_o do_v not_o express_v philosopher-like_a in_o little_a art_n of_o external_a mode_n and_o carriage_n put_v on_o a_o feign_a behaviour_n like_o woman_n who_o have_v no_o natural_a beauty_n of_o their_o own_o fly_v to_o the_o additional_n of_o dress_n and_o painting_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d become_v more_o deform_v by_o their_o ascititious_a beauty_n his_o humility_n consist_v not_o in_o his_o dress_n but_o in_o the_o constancy_n of_o his_o mind_n not_o in_o the_o hang_n down_o of_o his_o head_n or_o the_o softness_n of_o his_o tone_n or_o the_o demureness_n of_o his_o look_n or_o the_o gravity_n of_o his_o beard_n or_o the_o shave_n of_o his_o head_n the_o crop_n of_o his_o hair_n or_o the_o manner_n of_o his_o gate_n but_o in_o the_o frame_n and_o temper_n of_o his_o soul_n be_v as_o humble_v in_o his_o mind_n as_o he_o be_v sublime_a and_o excellent_a in_o his_o life_n and_o when_o no_o man_n can_v arrive_v at_o the_o perfection_n of_o his_o virtue_n yet_o every_o one_o be_v admit_v to_o a_o freedom_n of_o converse_n with_o he_o both_o in_o his_o garb_n and_o diet_n he_o equal_o avoid_v pomp_n and_o sordidness_n and_o though_o a_o great_a restrainer_n 〈…〉_z appetite_n will_v yet_o seem_v not_o to_o do_v it_o â—est_v he_o shall_v be_v think_v plain_o to_o design_n glory_n to_o himself_o by_o be_v needless_o singular_a above_o other_o man_n how_o industrious_o do_v we_o find_v they_o many_o time_n disow_v that_o deserve_a praise_n and_o commendation_n that_o be_v due_a to_o they_o how_o modest_o do_v justin_n martyr_n decline_v his_o adversary_n commendation_n of_o the_o acuteness_n and_o elegancy_n of_o his_o reason_n 280._o resolve_v all_o into_o the_o grace_n of_o god_n that_o enable_v he_o to_o understand_v and_o expound_v the_o scripture_n of_o which_o grace_n he_o there_o persuade_v all_o man_n free_o and_o full_o to_o become_v partaker_n with_o he_o of_o the_o confessor_n in_o the_o time_n of_o the_o persecution_n under_o m._n aurelius_n eusebius_n out_o of_o the_o relation_n which_o the_o church_n of_o vienna_n and_o lion_n in_o france_n send_v to_o the_o church_n in_o asia_n 166._o tell_v we_o that_o although_o they_o have_v often_o bear_v witness_n to_o the_o truth_n at_o the_o dear_a rate_n of_o any_o thing_n on_o this_o side_n death_n though_o they_o have_v be_v frequent_o throw_v to_o wild_a beast_n expose_v to_o the_o fire_n and_o the_o remain_v of_o wound_n and_o violence_n be_v visible_a in_o all_o part_n of_o their_o body_n yet_o in_o imitation_n of_o the_o great_a humility_n of_o the_o
triclinium_fw-la call_v in_o question_n that_o if_o they_o have_v any_o feast_n it_o be_v a_o love-feast_n and_o whatever_o cost_n be_v lay_v out_o upon_o it_o be_v expend_v not_o for_o vainglory_n but_o upon_o the_o account_n of_o piety_n and_o religion_n not_o to_o nourish_v parasite_n and_o flatterer_n but_o to_o refresh_v the_o poor_a that_o the_o order_n of_o the_o feast_n be_v as_o sober_a and_o regular_a as_o the_o cause_n be_v honest_a go_v no_o further_o than_o modesty_n will_v admit_v they_o pray_v to_o god_n before_o they_o venture_v upon_o his_o creature_n eat_v but_o what_o suffice_v hunger_n drink_v no_o more_o than_o consist_v with_o sober_a and_o modest_a man_n and_o feed_v so_o as_o remember_v they_o be_v to_o rise_v at_o night_n to_o worship_n god_n when_o they_o have_v do_v they_o sing_v psalm_n either_o of_o their_o own_o composure_n or_o out_o of_o the_o holy_a volume_n and_o as_o they_o begin_v so_o they_o end_v the_o feast_n with_o prayer_n and_o then_o depart_v with_o the_o same_o care_n to_o preserve_v their_o modesty_n and_o chastity_n so_o that_o they_o appear_v not_o so_o much_o to_o have_v feast_v at_o supper_n as_o to_o have_v feed_v upon_o discipline_n and_o order_n so_o he_o for_o the_o other_o part_n of_o the_o charge_n their_o feed_n upon_o man_n flesh_n at_o this_o common_a supper_n it_o be_v a_o suggestion_n so_o savage_a and_o barbarous_a as_o can_v have_v find_v belief_n with_o nothing_o but_o the_o very_a spirit_n of_o malice_n we_o shall_v again_o meet_v with_o this_o objection_n in_o another_o place_n and_o shall_v therefore_o here_o only_o note_v out_o of_o their_o apologist_n athenag_fw-mi that_o it_o be_v charge_n never_o offer_v to_o be_v make_v good_a against_o they_o 38._o nor_o prove_v in_o any_o of_o those_o many_o thousand_o trial_n which_o the_o christian_n have_v have_v in_o all_o part_n of_o the_o empire_n that_o it_o be_v very_o unlikely_a they_o shall_v be_v guilty_a of_o eat_v humane_a flesh_n who_o do_v not_o think_v it_o lawful_a to_o be_v present_a at_o the_o gladiatory-sport_n where_o man_n be_v slay_v or_o so_o much_o as_o to_o taste_v any_o blood_n at_o all_o so_o biblias_o the_o martyr_n tell_v her_o enemy_n 1._o when_o be_v reproach_v with_o this_o in_o the_o midst_n of_o her_o torment_n she_o cry_v out_o how_o be_v it_o possâ—be_v that_o we_o shall_v devour_v infant_n as_o you_o charge_v we_o who_o think_v it_o not_o lawful_a so_o much_o as_o to_o taste_v the_o blood_n of_o any_o creature_n for_o even_o till_o then_o and_o a_o long_a time_n after_o they_o observe_v that_o canon_n of_o the_o first_o apostolic_a council_n to_o abstain_v from_o thing_n strangle_v and_o from_o blood_n so_o far_o be_v they_o from_o be_v either_o barbarous_a or_o luxurious_a no_o our_o feast_n as_o he_o say_v in_o minutius_n foelix_fw-la be_v not_o only_o chaste_a 26._o but_o sober_a we_o indulge_v not_o ourselves_o in_o banquet_n nor_o make_v our_o feast_n with_o wine_n but_o temper_v our_o cheerfulness_n with_o gravity_n and_o seriousness_n and_o indeed_o their_o often_o watch_n and_o fasting_n and_o their_o constant_a observance_n of_o the_o strict_a part_n of_o devotion_n sufficient_o show_v how_o little_a they_o pamper_a or_o indulge_v the_o flesh_n the_o sign_n whereof_o they_o every_o where_o carry_v in_o their_o very_a face_n and_o this_o be_v so_o notorious_a that_o their_o very_a enemy_n reproach_v they_o with_o their_o tremble_a joint_n and_o their_o pale_a ghastly_a look_n 10._o and_o lucian_n give_v a_o account_n of_o the_o christian_a assembly_n into_o which_o he_o tell_v we_o critias_n be_v bring_v to_o be_v make_v a_o proselyte_n 1007._o describe_v they_o to_o be_v a_o company_n of_o person_n with_o their_o head_n hang_v down_o and_o pale_a face_n which_o certain_o do_v not_o arise_v from_o their_o fear_n of_o suffer_v for_o no_o man_n in_o the_o world_n be_v ever_o so_o willing_a nay_o so_o desirous_a of_o lay_v down_o their_o life_n as_o they_o but_o from_o their_o frequent_a abstinence_n and_o fast_v to_o which_o purpose_n s._n basils_n comment_n be_v most_o apposite_a 559._o where_o commend_v temperance_n or_o as_o he_o call_v it_o continence_n use_v the_o word_n in_o its_o large_a sense_n other_o virtue_n say_v he_o be_v main_o exercise_v in_o secret_a be_v not_o altogether_o so_o visible_a to_o the_o eye_n of_o man_n whereas_o continence_n wherever_o it_o be_v will_v at_o first_o sight_n betray_v itself_o for_o as_o a_o good_a complexion_n and_o a_o excellent_a constitution_n of_o body_n peculiarly_a design_n a_o man_n to_o be_v a_o athlete_n or_o champion_n so_o leanness_n of_o body_n and_o that_o paleness_n which_o be_v the_o fruit_n of_o continence_n evidence_n a_o christian_n to_o be_v a_o real_a champion_n for_o the_o command_n of_o christ_n vanquish_a his_o enemy_n in_o the_o weakness_n of_o his_o body_n and_o show_v how_o able_a he_o be_v to_o contend_v in_o the_o cause_n of_o piety_n and_o virtue_n the_o very_a sight_n of_o such_o a_o man_n must_v needs_o be_v of_o great_a advantage_n to_o affect_v we_o to_o behold_v he_o spare_o and_o moderate_o use_v even_o those_o thing_n that_o be_v necessary_a not_o pay_v nature_n its_o tribute_n without_o some_o regret_n begrutch_v the_o little_a time_n that_o he_o spend_v about_o it_o and_o therefore_o make_v haste_n to_o get_v from_o the_o table_n to_o return_v to_o his_o better_a exercise_n and_o employment_n chap._n v._n of_o their_o singular_a continence_n and_o chastity_n their_o admirable_a continence_n discover_v in_o several_a particular_n their_o abstinence_n from_o marriage_n their_o marry_v only_o to_o comply_v with_o the_o end_n of_o the_o institution_n seldom_o marry_v more_o than_o once_o their_o continence_n admire_v by_o heathen_n the_o father_n general_o severe_a against_o second_o marriage_n the_o moderate_a judgement_n of_o clemens_n alexandrinus_n in_o the_o case_n the_o canon_n of_o several_a council_n concern_v it_o three_o sort_n of_o digamy_n or_o second_o marriage_n their_o shun_v all_o occasion_n and_o appearance_n of_o lightness_n and_o immodesty_n abstain_v from_o public_a meeting_n feast_n play_n etc._n etc._n constantine_n law_n that_o no_o widow_n shall_v be_v force_v to_o appear_v at_o public_a tribunal_n another_o of_o theodosius_n that_o none_o shall_v marry_v within_o twelve_o complete_a month_n after_o her_o husband_n decease_n the_o promiscuous_a use_n of_o bath_n forbid_v both_o by_o canon_n and_o civil_a law_n unmarried_a person_n especial_o of_o ecclesiastic_a relation_n not_o familiar_o to_o converse_v together_o mulieres_fw-la 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d who_o how_o bring_v in_o condemn_v by_o the_o council_n of_o antioch_n and_o that_o of_o nice_n clandestine_v marriage_n dis-allowed_n their_o abhor_v all_o immodest_a picture_n and_o discourse_n the_o great_a modesty_n of_o gorgonia_n their_o value_v chastity_n above_o life_n submit_v to_o any_o kind_n of_o death_n rather_o than_o violate_v it_o many_o choose_v to_o kill_v themselves_o rather_o than_o be_v deflower_v several_a instance_n of_o it_o impurity_n in_o christian_n bewail_v as_o a_o great_a scandal_n punish_v by_o the_o church_n with_o very_o severe_a penalty_n several_a passage_n out_o of_o the_o father_n and_o council_n note_v to_o that_o purpose_n christian_n accuse_v by_o the_o heathen_n of_o incest_n and_o adultery_n the_o sum_n of_o the_o charge_n their_o answer_n the_o heathen_n very_o unfit_a to_o bring_v in_o this_o charge_n be_v themselves_o so_o notorious_o guilty_a whole_a nation_n their_o wise_a philosopher_n their_o very_a god_n themselves_o this_o full_o prove_v against_o they_o the_o very_a gentile_n tacit_o confess_v the_o christian_n innocent_a by_o condemn_v they_o to_o be_v forcible_o prostitute_v a_o part_n of_o their_o religion_n not_o to_o give_v way_n to_o wanton_a look_n or_o unchaste_a desire_n the_o eminent_a prevalency_n of_o christianity_n in_o convert_v person_n from_o uncleanness_n and_o debauchery_n plead_v and_o assert_v the_o original_n of_o the_o accusation_n inquire_v into_o find_a to_o arise_v from_o the_o beastly_a practice_n of_o the_o gnostic_n etc._n etc._n who_o though_o guilty_a of_o the_o most_o notorious_a villainy_n and_o of_o these_o in_o particular_a yet_o shroud_v themselves_o under_o the_o general_a name_n of_o christian_n some_o force_v through_o fear_n to_o confess_v the_o christian_n guilty_a of_o these_o crime_n a_o three_o considerable_a instance_n of_o that_o sobriety_n and_o moderation_n for_o which_o the_o christian_n be_v so_o renown_v of_o old_a be_v their_o continence_n and_o abstain_v from_o all_o manner_n of_o uncleanness_n which_o be_v that_o virtue_n that_o we_o proper_o call_v chastity_n a_o virtue_n for_o which_o how_o eminent_a they_o be_v notwithstanding_o what_o their_o enemy_n heavy_o charge_v upon_o they_o to_o the_o contrary_a of_o which_o afterward_o we_o shall_v take_v notice_n of_o in_o some_o few_o particular_n first_o the_o christian_n of_o those_o
time_n be_v so_o far_o from_o break_v in_o upon_o any_o unchaste_a embrace_n that_o they_o frequent_o abstain_v even_o from_o lawful_a pleasure_n and_o keep_v themselves_o even_o from_o the_o honourable_a and_o undefiled_a bed_n never_o marry_v all_o their_o life_n minut._n we_o be_v say_z octavius_z chaste_a in_o our_o speech_n 26._o and_o chaste_a in_o our_o body_n and_o very_o many_o of_o we_o though_o we_o do_v not_o boast_v on_o it_o do_v inviolable_o preserve_v a_o perpetual_a virginity_n and_o be_v so_o far_o from_o any_o extravagant_a desire_n after_o incestuous_a mixture_n that_o many_o stand_v at_o a_o distance_n from_o the_o most_o chaste_a and_o modest_a embrace_n thus_o justin_n martyr_n tell_v the_o emperor_n 62._o that_o among_o the_o christian_n there_o be_v a_o great_a many_o of_o either_o sex_n who_o have_v from_o their_o childhood_n be_v educate_v in_o the_o christian_a discipline_n who_o for_o sixty_o or_o seventy_o year_n have_v keep_v themselves_o single_a and_o uncorrupt_a and_o he_o wish_v the_o like_a can_v be_v show_v in_o all_o other_o sort_n of_o man_n to_o the_o same_o purpose_n another_o apologist_n 37._o it_o be_v very_o easy_a say_v he_o to_o find_v many_o among_o we_o both_o man_n and_o woman_n who_o remain_v unmarried_a even_o in_o old_a age_n conceive_v that_o in_o this_o state_n they_o shall_v have_v fit_a opportunity_n of_o draw_v near_o to_o god_n not_o that_o they_o who_o persevere_v in_o this_o course_n of_o celibate_n do_v combine_v themselves_o into_o distinct_a society_n and_o bind_v themselves_o under_o a_o oath_n of_o perpetual_a virginity_n as_o the_o humour_n be_v in_o after_o age_n for_o of_o this_o not_o the_o least_o shadow_n appear_v in_o any_o of_o the_o write_n of_o those_o time_n they_o live_v promiscuos_o till_o towards_o the_o end_n of_o the_o three_o century_n apply_v themselves_o to_o the_o business_n of_o their_o place_n and_o station_n and_o only_o live_v single_a that_o in_o those_o troublesome_a and_o hazardous_a time_n of_o persecution_n they_o may_v be_v less_o ensnare_v with_o the_o entanglement_n of_o the_o world_n and_o be_v more_o free_a for_o the_o exercise_n of_o religion_n second_o when_o they_o do_v marry_v they_o general_o profess_v they_o do_v it_o only_o to_o comply_v with_o the_o great_a end_n of_o the_o institution_n viz._n the_o propagation_n of_o mankind_n not_o to_o gratify_v wanton_a and_o brutish_a desire_n but_o to_o answer_v the_o great_a end_n of_o nature_n that_o humane_a society_n may_v not_o fail_v 71._o either_o say_v they_o we_o marry_v not_o at_o all_o but_o keep_v ourselves_o always_o continent_n ibid._n or_o if_o we_o do_v marry_v it_o be_v for_o no_o other_o end_n but_o the_o bring_v forth_o and_o the_o bring_v up_o of_o child_n who_o ever_o among_o we_o take_v a_o wife_n according_a to_o the_o law_n prescribe_v we_o he_o reckon_v he_o do_v it_o only_o for_o the_o beget_n of_o child_n within_o this_o his_o desire_n be_v bound_v and_o limit_v as_o the_o husbandman_n concern_v himself_o no_o further_a in_o till_v his_o ground_n and_o sow_v of_o his_o corn_n than_o to_o bring_v forth_o the_o crop_n at_o harvest_n hence_o it_o be_v that_o they_o seldom_o marry_v more_o than_o once_o we_o willing_o contain_v ourselves_o as_o he_o speak_v in_o m._n foelix_fw-la within_o the_o bind_v of_o single_a marriage_n supr_n and_o either_o know_v but_o one_o woman_n and_o that_o mere_o out_o of_o a_o desire_n of_o child_n or_o none_o the_o first_o knot_n be_v loose_v by_o death_n they_o very_o rare_o tie_v a_o second_o which_o gain_v great_a honour_n and_o reputation_n both_o to_o they_o and_o to_o their_o religion_n with_o the_o gentile_n among_o who_o they_o live_v 458._o chrysostom_n tell_v we_o that_o a_o discourse_n happen_v on_o a_o time_n between_o he_o and_o his_o master_n who_o be_v a_o gentile_a concern_v his_o mother_n be_v tell_v that_o she_o be_v a_o widow_n and_o after_o enquiry_n concern_v her_o age_n be_v answer_v that_o she_o be_v forty_o year_n old_a and_o that_o she_o have_v live_v twenty_o year_n of_o the_o time_n a_o widow_n the_o man_n be_v surprise_v with_o a_o strange_a admiration_n and_o cry_v out_o before_o all_o the_o company_n behold_v say_v he_o what_o brave_a woman_n there_o be_v among_o the_o christian_n the_o truth_n be_v such_o be_v the_o heavenly_a zeal_n and_o temper_n of_o the_o first_o age_n of_o christianity_n that_o they_o will_v have_v no_o more_o to_o do_v with_o the_o world_n than_o they_o needs_o must_v but_o industrious_o shun_v all_o its_o burden_n and_o encumbrance_n among_o which_o they_o especial_o reckon_v marriage_n a_o state_n not_o rash_o to_o be_v engage_v in_o for_o once_o it_o be_v allowable_a but_o for_o a_o second_o time_n inexcusable_a and_o indeed_o it_o can_v be_v deny_v but_o that_o many_o of_o the_o ancient_a father_n tertullian_n cyprian_n hierom_n and_o other_o do_v inveigh_v against_o sâ—cond_o marriage_n with_o too_o much_o bitterness_n and_o severity_n violent_o press_v many_o passage_n in_o scripture_n to_o serve_v the_o cause_n strain_v the_o string_n many_o time_n till_o it_o crack_v again_o and_o not_o stick_v to_o censure_v and_o condemn_v second_o marriage_n as_o little_o better_a than_o adultery_n supr_n hear_v what_o one_o of_o the_o apologist_n say_v to_o it_o among_o we_o every_o man_n either_o remain_v as_o he_o be_v bear_v or_o engage_v himself_o in_o one_o only_a marriage_n for_o as_o for_o second_o marriage_n they_o be_v but_o a_o more_o plausible_a and_o decorous_a kind_n of_o adultery_n our_o lord_n assure_v we_o that_o whoever_o put_v away_o his_o wife_n and_o take_v another_o commit_v adultery_n which_o place_n as_o also_o another_o of_o like_a importance_n how_o perverse_o he_o interpret_v and_o impertinent_o apply_v to_o his_o purpose_n i_o be_o not_o willing_a to_o remember_v epiphan_n clemens_n alexandrinus_n speak_v in_o the_o case_n with_o much_o more_o modesty_n and_o moderation_n 90._o as_o for_o those_o to_o who_o god_n have_v give_v the_o gift_n of_o absolute_a continence_n we_o think_v they_o happy_a we_o admire_v the_o gravity_n and_o stayedness_n of_o those_o that_o content_n themselves_o with_o a_o single_a marriage_n but_o yet_o say_v withal_o that_o compassion_n ought_v to_o be_v have_v of_o other_o and_o that_o we_o shall_v bear_v one_o another_o burden_n lest_o he_o who_o seem_v to_o stand_v fair_a do_v fall_v himself_o and_o as_o for_o second_o marriage_n that_o of_o the_o apostle_n be_v to_o take_v place_n if_o they_o can_v contain_v they_o shall_v marry_v for_o it_o be_v better_a to_o marry_v than_o to_o burn_v however_o it_o be_v certain_a the_o father_n of_o old_a general_o do_v what_o they_o can_v to_o discourage_v second_o marriage_n neocaesar_n the_o ancient_a canon_n as_o zonaras_n tell_v we_o suspend_v such_o person_n from_o the_o communion_n for_o a_o whole_a year_n and_o the_o council_n of_o laodicea_n though_o it_o determine_v not_o the_o time_n 1._o yet_o it_o require_v that_o they_o shall_v spend_v some_o small_a time_n at_o least_o in_o penance_n in_o fast_v and_o prayer_n before_o they_o be_v receive_v to_o the_o communion_n 17._o by_o the_o canon_n that_o be_v call_v apostolical_a who_o ever_o after_o baptism_n have_v engage_v in_o a_o second_o marriage_n be_v render_v incapable_a of_o any_o degree_n in_o the_o ministry_n 61._o according_o epiphanius_n report_v of_o one_o joseph_n who_o he_o know_v a_o convert_a jew_n and_o advance_v to_o the_o dignity_n of_o a_o count_n by_o constantine_n the_o great_a that_o when_o the_o arrian_n will_v have_v lay_v hand_n upon_o he_o to_o have_v make_v he_o bishop_n he_o get_v off_o by_o this_o wile_n by_o pretend_v himself_o to_o have_v be_v twice_o marry_v but_o though_o the_o father_n and_o ancient_a council_n be_v thus_o severe_a in_o this_o case_n yet_o the_o rigour_n of_o their_o censure_n will_v be_v much_o abate_v if_o what_o some_o tell_v we_o be_v true_a that_o many_o of_o their_o passage_n be_v not_o level_v against_o successive_a marriage_n but_o against_o have_v two_o wife_n at_o the_o same_o time_n for_o as_o a_o learned_a man_n have_v observe_v there_o be_v three_o sort_n of_o digamy_n load_n the_o first_o a_o man_n have_v two_o wife_n at_o once_o this_o be_v condemn_v by_o the_o roman_a law_n the_o second_o when_o the_o former_a wife_n be_v dead_a the_o man_n marry_v a_o second_o time_n a_o three_o when_o for_o any_o slight_a cause_n a_o man_n put_v away_o his_o wife_n by_o a_o bill_n of_o divorce_n and_o marry_v another_o which_o though_o then_o frequent_o practise_v and_o connive_v at_o if_o not_o allow_v by_o the_o law_n of_o those_o time_n be_v yet_o prohibit_v by_o the_o decree_n of_o the_o church_n and_o of_o this_o last_o sort_n say_v he_o many_o of_o the_o ancient_a canon_n be_v to_o be_v understand_v three_o they_o be_v infinite_o
same_o reason_n it_o be_v that_o they_o disallow_v all_o clandestine_v marriage_n 557._o which_o be_v not_o open_o make_v in_o the_o face_n of_o the_o church_n account_v they_o no_o better_a than_o a_o state_n of_o adultery_n or_o fornication_n and_o as_o they_o be_v careful_a not_o to_o give_v offence_n to_o other_o so_o they_o be_v not_o will_v themselves_o to_o come_v within_o the_o shadow_n of_o a_o temptation_n they_o stand_v at_o a_o distance_n from_o whatever_o be_v offensive_a either_o to_o their_o eye_n or_o ear_n their_o ear_n they_o stop_v against_o all_o loose_a idle_a song_n all_o filthy_a and_o obscene_a discourse_n their_o eye_n they_o shut_v against_o all_o uncomely_a object_n all_o wanton_a and_o lascivious_a picture_n vid._n as_o clemens_n alexandrinus_n express_o tell_v we_o not_o do_v any_o thing_n that_o seem_v but_o to_o carry_v a_o ill_a colour_n with_o it_o 180._o nazianzen_n tell_v we_o of_o his_o sister_n gorgonia_n a_o virtuous_a woman_n who_o example_n we_o have_v often_o quote_v that_o for_o modesty_n and_o sobriety_n she_o go_v beyond_o all_o other_o woman_n that_o she_o reconcile_v the_o two_o opposite_a state_n of_o humane_a life_n celibate_n and_o marriage_n the_o one_o more_o sublime_a and_o divine_a but_o more_o dangerous_a and_o troublesome_a the_o other_o more_o humble_a but_o withal_o more_o safe_a that_o she_o avoid_v the_o inconvenience_n of_o each_o and_o choose_v what_o be_v most_o excellent_a out_o of_o hoth_o the_o sublimity_n of_o the_o one_o and_o the_o security_n of_o the_o other_o show_v that_o neither_o of_o these_o state_n in_o itself_o do_v whole_o tie_v we_o up_o either_o to_o god_n or_o the_o world_n nor_o yet_o whole_o separate_v we_o from_o they_o so_o that_o the_o one_o shall_v be_v absolute_o reject_v or_o the_o other_o absolute_o commend_v and_o embrace_v but_o that_o it_o be_v the_o mind_n that_o admirable_o preside_v both_o over_o marriage_n and_o virginity_n and_o withal_o further_o add_v concern_v she_o 185._o that_o so_o great_a be_v her_o bashfulness_n and_o modesty_n that_o when_o she_o lie_v under_o a_o most_o acute_a and_o dangerous_a distemper_n yet_o she_o refuse_v to_o have_v any_o physician_n come_v near_o she_o as_o blush_v that_o any_o man_n shall_v either_o see_v or_o touch_v she_o four_o they_o value_v their_o innocency_n and_o their_o honour_n above_o their_o life_n and_o therefore_o choose_v to_o undergo_v the_o great_a danger_n to_o die_v yea_o to_o kill_v themselves_o rather_o than_o any_o violence_n shall_v be_v offer_v to_o their_o chastity_n as_o the_o fair_a promise_n can_v not_o tempt_v they_o so_o neither_o can_v the_o fierce_a torment_n affright_v they_o into_o any_o unchaste_a compliance_n when_o maximinus_n the_o emperor_n govern_v in_o the_o eastern_a part_n 312_o among_o other_o effect_n of_o his_o wild_a and_o brutish_a fury_n and_o extravagance_n he_o fill_v all_o place_n whre_n he_o come_v with_o adultery_n and_o ravishment_n abuse_v woman_n and_o deflower_v virgin_n which_o succeed_v well_o enough_o say_v the_o historian_n with_o all_o other_o except_o only_a christian_n who_o generous_o despise_v death_n make_v light_n of_o the_o rage_n and_o fury_n of_o the_o tyrant_n the_o man_n undergo_v all_o sort_n of_o punishment_n which_o cruelty_n can_v invent_v the_o woman_n bear_v up_o with_o a_o courage_n no_o less_o manly_a and_o unconquerable_a and_o when_o any_o be_v draw_v out_o to_o be_v abuse_v they_o rather_o submit_v their_o life_n to_o death_n than_o their_o body_n to_o dishonour_n of_o these_o he_o tell_v we_o of_o one_o especial_o at_o alexandria_n a_o woman_n of_o great_a birth_n and_o fortune_n but_o much_o more_o famous_a for_o her_o virtue_n especial_o her_o modesty_n and_o chastity_n which_o she_o stout_o defend_v and_o prefer_v before_o her_o nobility_n o_o her_o riches_n her_o excellent_a part_n or_o any_o accomplishment_n whatsoever_o the_o emperor_n have_v oft_o attempt_v she_o by_o all_o art_n of_o solicitation_n but_o all_o in_o vain_a till_o at_o last_o not_o be_v able_a to_o prevail_v his_o affection_n somewhat_o attemper_v his_o fierceness_n and_o cruelty_n he_o will_v not_o put_v she_o to_o death_n which_o she_o be_v most_o ready_a to_o have_v undergo_v but_o spoil_v she_o of_o her_o estate_n and_o then_o send_v she_o into_o banishment_n there_o be_v many_o hundred_o of_o other_o at_o the_o same_o time_n who_o not_o able_a to_o bear_v the_o violation_n of_o their_o chastity_n wherewith_o the_o governor_n and_o commander_n threaten_v they_o willing_o subject_v themselves_o to_o all_o kind_n of_o rack_n and_o torture_n and_o the_o worst_a capital_a punishment_n which_o their_o enemy_n can_v inflict_v upon_o they_o nay_o when_o the_o case_n so_o happen_v that_o they_o be_v set_v upon_o and_o all_o their_o resoluteness_n can_v not_o provoke_v the_o cruel_a kindness_n of_o their_o enemy_n to_o dispatch_v they_o they_o will_v rather_o dispatch_v themselves_o than_o fall_v into_o the_o rude_a hand_n of_o lust_n and_o wantonness_n thus_o do_v that_o famous_a woman_n and_o her_o two_o daughter_n mention_v by_o the_o same_o author_n who_o name_n as_o chrysostome_n in_o a_o oration_n on_o purpose_n in_o their_o commendation_n tell_v we_o 305._o be_v domnina_fw-la the_o mother_n 557._o bernice_n and_o prosdoce_n the_o daughter_n eminent_a as_o well_o for_o the_o outward_a beauty_n and_o feature_n of_o their_o body_n as_o for_o the_o inward_a virtue_n of_o their_o mind_n be_v seek_v for_o as_o a_o prey_n to_o lust_n under_o the_o dioclesian_n persecution_n they_o flee_v for_o it_o but_o be_v find_v out_o by_o the_o soldier_n that_o be_v send_v to_o search_v for_o they_o and_o know_v there_o be_v no_o other_o way_n to_o escape_v in_o their_o return_n they_o beg_v leave_n of_o the_o soldier_n that_o for_o some_o private_a occasion_n they_o may_v step_v a_o little_a out_o of_o the_o road_n which_o be_v grant_v fit_v themselves_o for_o what_o they_o have_v beforehand_o agree_v on_o as_o well_o as_o the_o time_n will_v give_v they_o leave_v they_o unanimous_o throw_v themselves_o into_o the_o river_n and_o there_o perish_v in_o the_o water_n 313._o the_o like_a he_o relate_v of_o a_o noble_a woman_n at_o rome_n wife_n to_o the_o perfect_a or_o chief_a governor_n of_o the_o city_n but_o a_o christian_a that_o maxentius_n the_o emperor_n be_v passionate_o inflame_v with_o the_o love_n of_o she_o send_v officer_n to_o fetch_v she_o who_o break_v into_o the_o house_n to_o the_o great_a terror_n of_o her_o husband_n will_v violent_o have_v seize_v on_o she_o of_o who_o she_o beg_v only_o so_o much_o time_n as_o that_o she_o may_v a_o little_a dress_n and_o adorn_v herself_o under_o which_o pretence_n retire_v into_o her_o chamber_n she_o catch_v up_o a_o sword_n and_o by_o a_o fatal_a stroke_n leave_v the_o messenger_n nothing_o but_o a_o dismal_a spectacle_n of_o amazement_n and_o horror_n these_o instance_n both_o of_o they_o high_o applaud_v by_o chrysostome_n and_o eusebious_a i_o quote_v not_o to_o justify_v a_o man_n violent_a lay_v hand_n upon_o himself_o as_o either_o lawful_a or_o laudable_a whether_o in_o some_o such_o case_n person_n may_v not_o be_v act_v by_o more_o divine_a motion_n extraordinary_a and_o heroic_a impulse_n the_o case_n of_o samson_n 26._o etc._n etc._n as_o s._n augustine_n incline_v to_o believe_v agit_fw-fr it_o be_v not_o very_o pertinent_a for_o i_o to_o inquire_v it_o be_v enough_o to_o my_o purpose_n to_o observe_v that_o they_o be_v great_a evidence_n how_o high_o they_o prize_v chastity_n and_o integrity_n which_o they_o be_v willing_a to_o secure_v at_o so_o dear_a a_o rate_n and_o in_o those_o case_n wherein_o life_n be_v not_o concern_v they_o give_v the_o great_a testimony_n how_o much_o they_o abhor_v all_o uncleanness_n 228._o none_o be_v ever_o more_o hearty_a enemy_n to_o idolatry_n and_o yet_o origen_n at_o athens_n when_o put_v to_o this_o unhappy_a choice_n either_o to_o sacrifice_n or_o defile_v himself_o choose_v rather_o to_o commit_v idolatry_n than_o fornication_n though_o even_o that_o too_o be_v rather_o his_o enemy_n act_n than_o his_o own_o they_o thrust_v the_o frankincense_n into_o his_o hand_n and_o hale_v he_o up_o to_o the_o altar_n five_o when_o ever_o any_o be_v find_v guilty_a of_o the_o least_o uncleanness_n it_o be_v look_v upon_o and_o bewail_v as_o a_o very_a heinous_a sin_n and_o a_o great_a dishonour_n to_o the_o christian_a name_n 15._o what_o be_v it_o that_o i_o hear_v say_v cyprian_n how_o detestable_a shall_v it_o be_v to_o you_o what_o with_o the_o great_a grief_n and_o affliction_n of_o my_o mind_n i_o have_v understand_v that_o there_o be_v some_o among_o you_o who_o have_v defile_v their_o body_n the_o temple_n of_o god_n even_o after_o they_o be_v sanctify_v by_o confession_n and_o cleanse_v by_o baptism_n with_o filthy_a and_o infamous_a embrace_n promiscuous_o use_v the_o bed_n and_o
lodging_n of_o the_o woman_n when_o although_o they_o shall_v be_v free_a from_o actual_a adultery_n yet_o even_o in_o this_o it_o will_v be_v a_o fault_n of_o a_o mighty_a aggravation_n that_o by_o their_o scandalous_a example_n other_o may_v be_v seduce_v into_o ruin_n s._n basil_n write_v to_o a_o monk_n who_o have_v be_v overtake_v with_o this_o fault_n 11._o elegant_o bewail_v the_o greatness_n of_o his_o sin_n as_o a_o dishonour_n to_o the_o strictness_n of_o his_o former_a profession_n a_o reproach_n to_o those_o lip_n which_o have_v kiss_v the_o mouth_n of_o so_o many_o saint_n to_o those_o hand_n which_o so_o many_o devout_a person_n have_v embrace_v as_o pure_a and_o undefiled_a to_o those_o knee_n before_o which_o so_o many_o servant_n of_o god_n have_v fall_v down_o as_o a_o be_v catch_v in_o the_o snare_n of_o a_o crafty_a devil_n a_o perfidious_a violation_n of_o his_o promise_n a_o be_v become_v a_o sport_n and_o scorn_n to_o jew_n and_o gentile_n a_o confute_v what_o in_o he_o lay_v that_o triumphant_a speech_n of_o christ_n that_o he_o have_v overcome_v the_o world_n fill_v even_o to_o the_o place_n where_o he_o live_v a_o cup_n of_o infamy_n and_o reproach_n in_o the_o next_o epistle_n he_o deal_v with_o the_o woman_n and_o treat_v she_o with_o the_o same_o elegant_a severity_n though_o in_o both_o he_o so_o aggravate_v the_o case_n as_o to_o excite_v they_o to_o repentance_n and_o to_o a_o speedy_a recovery_n of_o themselves_o out_o of_o the_o snare_n of_o the_o devil_n but_o because_o good_a word_n and_o persuasion_n be_v not_o cord_n strong_a enough_o to_o restrain_v some_o man_n irregular_a lust_n and_o passion_n they_o twist_v with_o they_o the_o discipline_n of_o the_o church_n and_o therefore_o six_o they_o be_v wont_a to_o punish_v the_o breach_n of_o chastity_n by_o inflict_v severe_a penalty_n upon_o incontinent_a person_n among_o all_o the_o sin_n that_o be_v most_o sharp_o punish_v in_o the_o ancient_a church_n 120._o adultery_n be_v one_o of_o the_o chief_a whoever_o be_v convict_v of_o it_o be_v immediate_o cast_v out_o of_o the_o church_n and_o dis-owned_n as_o a_o rot_a member_n this_o tertullian_n tell_v we_o first_o make_v martion_n turn_v heretic_n for_o be_v find_v guilty_a of_o lie_v with_o a_o virgin_n and_o for_o that_o throw_v out_o of_o the_o communion_n of_o the_o church_n he_o betake_v himself_o to_o one_o cerdon_n a_o master_n heretic_n and_o espouse_v his_o doctrine_n and_o opinion_n the_o truth_n be_v in_o those_o first_o time_n the_o punishment_n of_o adultery_n be_v very_o great_a perpetual_a penance_n all_o a_o man_n life_n and_o scarce_o be_v admit_v into_o communion_n at_o the_o very_a hour_n of_o death_n till_o pope_n zephyrinus_n about_o the_o year_n two_o hundred_o and_o sixteen_o consider_v the_o great_a inconvenience_n of_o so_o much_o severity_n person_n hereby_o be_v oft_o drive_v into_o despair_n and_o other_o discourage_v from_o come_v over_o to_o the_o christian_a faith_n order_v that_o penance_n in_o this_o case_n shall_v be_v limit_v to_o a_o short_a time_n which_o be_v end_v such_o person_n may_v be_v receive_v again_o into_o the_o bosom_n of_o the_o church_n this_o decree_n give_v great_a offence_n to_o the_o african_a church_n 555._o most_o whereof_o stand_v up_o for_o the_o strictness_n of_o the_o ancient_a discipline_n 72._o tertullian_n more_o especial_o inveigh_v against_o it_o with_o much_o bitterness_n and_o animosity_n as_o a_o thing_n unfit_a in_o itself_o and_o a_o innovation_n in_o the_o church_n the_o same_o cyprian_a also_o plain_o intimate_v though_o he_o himself_o be_v for_o the_o more_o mild_a opinion_n by_o the_o ancyran_n council_n hold_v anno_fw-la three_o hundred_o and_o fifteen_o 20._o it_o be_v decree_v that_o whoever_o be_v guilty_a of_o adultery_n shall_v be_v punish_v with_o a_o seven_o year_n penance_n before_o they_o be_v admit_v to_o the_o communion_n by_o the_o synod_n of_o illiberis_n 13_o if_o a_o man_n after_o have_v do_v 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vindicate_v themselves_o from_o that_o malicious_a charge_n of_o incest_n and_o adultery_n which_o the_o heathen_n common_o charge_v upon_o they_o so_o common_o that_o we_o scarce_o find_v any_o of_o the_o ancient_a apologist_n but_o take_v notice_n of_o it_o and_o confute_v it_o the_o sum_n of_o the_o charge_n as_o it_o be_v more_a formal_o draw_v up_o by_o the_o heathen_a in_o m._n foelix_n 8._o take_v thus_o that_o the_o christian_n know_v one_o another_o by_o certain_a privy_a mark_n and_o sign_n and_o be_v wont_a to_o be_v in_o love_n with_o almost_o before_o they_o know_v one_o another_o that_o they_o exercise_v lust_n and_o filthiness_n under_o a_o pretence_n of_o religion_n promiscuous_o call_v themselves_o brother_n and_o sister_n that_o by_o the_o help_n of_o so_o sacred_a a_o name_n their_o common_a adultery_n may_v become_v incestuous_a that_o upon_o a_o solemn_a day_n they_o meet_v together_o at_o a_o feast_v he_o mean_v their_o love-feast_n with_o their_o wife_n child_n 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for_o they_o all_o and_o indeed_o so_o big_a be_v their_o spirit_n with_o a_o desire_n to_o assert_v and_o propagate_v their_o religion_n that_o they_o will_v not_o hide_v their_o head_n to_o decline_v the_o great_a danger_n 130._o when_o the_o officer_n be_v send_v to_o apprehend_v s._n polycarp_n and_o have_v with_o great_a industry_n and_o cruelty_n find_v out_o the_o place_n where_o he_o be_v though_o he_o have_v timely_a notice_n to_o have_v escape_v by_o go_v into_o another_o house_n yet_o he_o refuse_v say_v the_o will_n of_o the_o lord_n be_v do_v and_o come_v down_o out_o of_o his_o chamber_n salute_v the_o officer_n with_o a_o cheerful_a and_o a_o pleasant_a countenance_n as_o they_o be_v carry_v he_o back_o two_o person_n of_o eminency_n and_o authority_n meet_v he_o in_o the_o way_n take_v he_o up_o into_o their_o chariot_n labour_v by_o all_o mean_n to_o persuade_v he_o to_o do_v sacrifice_n which_o when_o he_o absolute_o refuse_v after_o all_o their_o importunity_n they_o turn_v their_o kindness_n into_o reproach_n and_o tumble_v he_o with_o so_o much_o violence_n out_o of_o the_o chariot_n that_o he_o be_v sore_o bruise_v with_o the_o fall_n but_o nothing_o daunt_v as_o if_o he_o have_v receive_v no_o harm_n he_o cheerful_o go_v on_o his_o way_n a_o voice_n be_v hear_v as_o he_o go_v along_o as_o it_o be_v from_o heaven_n polycarp_n be_v strong_a and_o quit_v thyself_o like_o a_o man_n when_o he_o come_v before_o the_o tribunal_n the_o proconsul_n ask_v he_o whether_o he_o be_v polycarp_n which_o he_o present_o confess_v then_o he_o attempt_v by_o all_o art_n of_o persuasion_n to_o urge_v he_o to_o deny_v christ_n or_o to_o do_v but_o something_o that_o may_v look_v like_o it_o but_o all_o in_o vain_a these_o fourscore_o and_o six_o year_n say_v he_o have_v i_o serve_v christ_n and_o he_o never_o do_v i_o any_o harm_n and_o how_o then_o can_v i_o blaspheme_v my_o master_n and_o my_o saviour_n be_v urge_v to_o swear_v by_o the_o emperor_n genius_n he_o reply_v forasmuch_o as_o thou_o presse_v i_o to_o do_v this_o pretend_v thou_o know_v not_o who_o i_o be_o know_v i_o be_o a_o christian_n then_o the_o proconsul_n tell_v he_o he_o will_v throw_v he_o to_o the_o wild_a beast_n unless_o he_o alter_v his_o opinion_n call_v for_o they_o answer_v polycarp_n for_o we_o have_v no_o mind_n to_o change_v from_o better_a to_o worse_o as_o count_v that_o change_n only_o to_o be_v honest_a and_o laudable_a which_o be_v from_o vice_n to_o virtue_n but_o if_o thou_o make_v so_o light_a of_o wild_a beast_n add_v the_o proconsul_n i_o will_v have_v a_o fire_n that_o shall_v tame_v thou_o to_o which_o the_o good_a old_a man_n return_v you_o threaten_v sir_n a_o fire_n that_o will_v burn_v for_o a_o hour_n and_o present_o be_v extinguish_v but_o know_v not_o that_o there_o be_v a_o fire_n of_o eternal_a damnation_n in_o the_o judgement_n to_o come_v reserve_v for_o the_o punishment_n of_o all_o wicked_a man_n but_o why_o delay_v you_o execute_v what_o ever_o you_o have_v a_o mind_n to_o this_o and_o much_o more_o to_o the_o same_o purpose_n he_o discourse_v of_o to_o the_o great_a admiration_n of_o the_o proconsul_n be_v so_o far_o from_o be_v terrify_v with_o what_o be_v say_v to_o he_o that_o he_o be_v fill_v with_o joy_n and_o cheerfulness_n and_o a_o certain_a grace_n and_o loveliness_n overspread_v his_o face_n so_o likewise_o when_o cyprian_n be_v bring_v before_o the_o proconsul_n 17._o thou_o be_v say_v he_o thascius_n cyprian_n who_o have_v be_v a_o ringleader_n to_o man_n of_o a_o wicked_a mind_n the_o emperor_n command_v thou_o to_o do_v sacrifice_n and_o therefore_o consult_v thy_o welfare_n to_o which_o he_o answer_v i_o be_o cyprian_a i_o be_o a_o christian_n
conqueror_n august_n pious_a together_o with_o the_o whole_a senate_n 6._o have_v by_o common_a consent_n decree_v thus_o whereas_o we_o have_v receive_v the_o gift_n and_o blessing_n of_o the_o god_n by_o who_o we_o enjoy_v victory_n over_o our_o enemy_n as_o also_o temperate_a season_n and_o fruit_n in_o great_a plenty_n and_o abundance_n since_o we_o have_v find_v they_o our_o great_a benefactor_n and_o to_o supply_v we_o with_o those_o thing_n that_o be_v universal_o beneficial_a to_o all_o we_o therefore_o unanimous_o decree_v that_o all_o order_n of_o man_n as_o well_o child_n as_o servant_n soldier_n as_o private_a person_n shall_v offer_v sacrifice_n to_o the_o god_n do_v reverence_n and_o supplication_n to_o they_o and_o if_o any_o shall_v dare_v to_o violate_v our_o divine_a order_n thus_o unanimous_o agree_v upon_o we_o command_v that_o he_o be_v cast_v into_o prison_n and_o afterward_o expose_v to_o several_a kind_n of_o torment_n if_o by_o this_o mean_v he_o be_v reclaim_v he_o may_v expect_v no_o mean_a honour_n from_o we_o but_o if_o he_o shall_v persist_v contumacious_a after_o many_o torture_n let_v he_o be_v behead_v or_o throw_v into_o the_o sea_n or_o cast_v out_o to_o be_v devour_v by_o dog_n and_o bird_n of_o prey_n but_o especial_o if_o there_o be_v any_o find_v of_o the_o religion_n of_o the_o christian_n as_o for_o those_o that_o obey_v our_o decree_n they_o shall_v receive_v great_a honour_n and_o reward_n from_o we_o so_o happy_o fare_v you_o well_o to_o this_o we_o may_v add_v that_o short_a rescript_n of_o valerian_n 4._o valerian_n the_o emperor_n to_o the_o minister_n and_o governor_n of_o province_n we_o understand_v that_o the_o precept_n of_o the_o law_n be_v violate_v by_o those_o who_o in_o these_o day_n call_v themselves_o christian_n wherefore_o we_o will_v that_o apprehend_v they_o unless_o they_o sacrifice_v to_o our_o god_n you_o expose_v they_o to_o divers_a kind_n of_o punishment_n that_o so_o both_o justice_n may_v have_v place_n without_o delay_n and_o vengeance_n in_o cut_v off_o impiety_n have_v attain_v its_o end_n may_v proceed_v no_o further_o this_o course_n they_o prosecute_v with_o so_o much_o vigour_n and_o fierceness_n that_o some_o of_o they_o boast_v that_o they_o have_v absolute_o effect_v their_o design_n witness_v those_o trophy_n and_o triumphal_a arch_n that_o be_v every_o where_o erect_v to_o perpetuate_v the_o memory_n of_o their_o conquest_n over_o christianity_n whereof_o these_o two_o inscription_n find_v at_o clunia_n in_o spain_n be_v a_o sufficient_a evidence_n diocletianus_n 3._o jovius_n et_fw-la maximian_n herculeus_fw-la caes._n augg._n amplificato_fw-la per._n orien_n tem_fw-la et_fw-la occidentem_fw-la imp._n rome_n et_fw-la nomine_fw-la christianorum_fw-la deleto_fw-it qui_fw-la remp._n ever_o tebant_fw-la the_o other_o diocletian_a 4._o caes._n aug_n galerio_n in._n ori_n enter_fw-la adopt_v supers_n titione_n christ_n ubiq_fw-la deleta_fw-la et_fw-la cull_v tu_fw-la 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and_o obtrude_v a_o new_a superstition_n upon_o mankind_n the_o christian_n its_o true_a be_v not_o particular_o name_v in_o it_o probable_o the_o gentile_n so_o much_o detest_v the_o very_a name_n of_o christian_a that_o especial_o in_o public_a monument_n they_o will_v not_o mention_v it_o yet_o can_v it_o be_v mean_v of_o no_o other_o for_o beside_o that_o this_o character_n of_o inculeat_v their_o superstition_n admirable_o agree_v to_o christian_n who_o seek_v by_o all_o mean_n to_o instill_v their_o principle_n into_o the_o mind_n of_o man_n beside_o that_o superstition_n be_v the_o common_a title_n by_o which_o the_o gentile_n be_v wont_a to_o denote_v christianity_n beside_o this_o there_o be_v not_o as_o baronius_n observe_v any_o other_o new_a religion_n at_o that_o time_n 69._o or_o long_o before_o or_o after_o that_o appear_v in_o the_o world_n to_o be_v sure_a none_o that_o can_v be_v the_o object_n of_o nero_n persecution_n and_o how_o he_o entertain_v this_o tertullian_n sufficient_o intimate_v 6._o bid_v they_o search_v their_o own_o record_n and_o they_o will_v find_v and_o from_o this_o very_a inscription_n alone_o it_o be_v evident_a they_o think_v that_o at_o least_o in_o that_o part_n of_o the_o world_n they_o have_v whole_o extirpate_v and_o root_v it_o out_o by_o all_o which_o we_o may_v guess_v what_o hot_a service_n the_o christian_n have_v on_o it_o under_o those_o primitive_a persecution_n indeed_o their_o suffering_n be_v beyond_o all_o imagination_n great_a which_o yet_o do_v but_o so_o much_o the_o more_o exercise_n and_o advance_v their_o patience_n the_o bitterness_n of_o their_o suffering_n make_v their_o patience_n more_o eminent_a and_o illustrious_a of_o which_o that_o we_o may_v take_v the_o true_a measure_n it_o will_v be_v necessary_a to_o consider_v these_o two_o thing_n the_o greatness_n of_o those_o torment_n and_o suffering_n which_o the_o christian_n general_o undergo_v and_o then_o the_o manner_n of_o their_o carriage_n under_o they_o for_o the_o first_o the_o greatness_n of_o those_o torment_n and_o suffering_n which_o they_o undergo_v they_o be_v as_o bad_a as_o the_o wit_n and_o malice_n of_o either_o man_n or_o devil_n can_v invent_v in_o the_o consideration_n whereof_o we_o shall_v first_o take_v a_o view_n of_o those_o punishment_n which_o be_v more_o stand_v and_o ordinary_a familiar_o use_v among_o the_o greek_n and_o roman_n and_o then_o of_o such_o as_o be_v extraordinary_o make_v use_n of_o towards_o the_o christian_n among_o their_o ordinary_a method_n of_o execution_n these_o six_o be_v most_o eminent_a the_o cross_n the_o rack_n the_o wheel_n burn_v wild_a beast_n condemn_v to_o mine_n i._o the_o cross_n deserve_v the_o first_o place_n in_o our_o account_n not_o only_o as_o have_v be_v one_o of_o the_o most_o ancient_a and_o universal_a way_n of_o punishment_n among_o the_o gentile_n and_o from_o they_o bring_v in_o among_o the_o jew_n but_o as_o be_v the_o instrument_n by_o which_o our_o bless_a saviour_n himself_o be_v put_v to_o death_n omit_v the_o various_a and_o different_a form_n and_o kind_n of_o it_o which_o be_v all_o use_v towards_o the_o primitive_a christian_n i_o intend_v here_o only_o that_o that_o be_v most_o common_a a_o straight_a piece_n of_o wood_n fix_v in_o the_o ground_n have_v a_o transverse_a beam_n fasten_v near_o the_o top_n of_o it_o not_o unlike_o the_o letter_n t_o though_o probable_o it_o have_v also_o a_o piece_n of_o wood_n arise_v above_o the_o top_n of_o it_o and_o there_o be_v two_o thing_n in_o this_o way_n of_o punishment_n which_o render_v it_o very_o severe_a the_o pain_n and_o ignominy_n of_o it_o painful_a it_o must_v needs_o be_v because_o the_o party_n suffer_v be_v fasten_v to_o it_o with_o nail_n drive_v through_o his_o hand_n and_o foot_n which_o be_v the_o part_n where_o the_o nerve_n and_o sinew_n terminate_v and_o meet_v together_o must_v needs_o be_v most_o acute_o sensible_a of_o wound_n and_o violence_n and_o because_o they_o be_v pierce_v only_o in_o these_o part_n so_o far_o distant_a from_o the_o vital_n this_o make_v their_o death_n very_o linger_a and_o tedious_a double_v and_o treble_v every_o pain_n upon_o they_o insomuch_o that_o some_o out_o of_o a_o generous_a compassion_n have_v cause_v malefactor_n first_o to_o be_v strangle_v before_o they_o be_v crucify_v 76._o as_o julius_n caesar_n do_v towards_o the_o pirate_n who_o he_o have_v swear_v to_o execute_v upon_o the_o cross_n but_o no_o such_o favour_n be_v show_v to_o christian_n they_o be_v suffer_v to_o remain_v in_o the_o midst_n of_o all_o those_o exquisite_a pang_n 300._o till_o mere_a hunger_n starve_v they_o or_o the_o mercy_n of_o wild_a beast_n or_o bird_n of_o prey_n dispatch_v they_o thus_o s._n andrew_n the_o apostle_n continue_v two_o whole_a day_n upon_o the_o cross_n 30._o teach_v the_o people_n all_o the_o while_n 736._o timotheus_n and_o his_o wife_n maura_n after_o many_o other_o torment_v hang_v upon_o the_o cross_n nine_o day_n together_o before_o
the_o public_a treasury_n and_o themselves_o for_o ever_o reduce_v into_o the_o condition_n of_o slave_n these_o be_v some_o of_o the_o more_o usual_a way_n of_o punishment_n among_o the_o roman_n though_o exercise_v towards_o the_o christian_n in_o their_o utmost_a rigour_n and_o severity_n i_o omit_v to_o speak_v of_o christian_n be_v scourge_v and_o whip_v even_o to_o the_o tire_a of_o their_o executioner_n especial_o with_o rod_n call_v plumbatae_fw-la whereof_o there_o be_v frequent_a mention_n in_o the_o theodosian_a code_n which_o be_v scourge_n make_v of_o cord_n or_o thong_n with_o leaden_a bullet_n at_o the_o end_n of_o they_o of_o their_o be_v stone_v to_o death_n their_o be_v behead_v their_o be_v thrust_v into_o stink_a and_o nasty_a prison_n where_o they_o be_v set_v in_o a_o kind_n of_o stock_n with_o five_o hole_n their_o leg_n be_v stretch_v asunder_o to_o reach_v from_o one_o end_n to_o the_o other_o we_o shall_v now_o consider_v some_o few_o of_o those_o unusual_a torment_n and_o punishment_n which_o be_v inflict_v only_o upon_o christian_n or_o if_o upon_o any_o other_o only_o in_o extraordinary_a case_n such_o be_v their_o be_v tie_v to_o arm_n of_o tree_n bend_v by_o great_a force_n and_o strength_n by_o certain_a engine_n and_o be_v sudden_o let_v go_v do_v in_o a_o moment_n tear_v the_o martyr_n in_o piece_n in_o which_o way_n many_o be_v put_v to_o death_n in_o the_o persecution_n at_o thebais_n 300._o sometime_o they_o be_v clad_v with_o coat_n of_o paper_n linen_n or_o such_o like_a daub_v in_o the_o inside_n with_o pitch_n and_o brimstone_n which_o be_v set_v on_o fire_n they_o be_v burn_v alive_a otherwhile_o they_o be_v shut_v into_o the_o belly_n of_o a_o brazen_a bull_n and_o a_o fire_n be_v kindle_v under_o it_o be_v consume_v with_o a_o torment_n beyond_o imagination_n sometime_o they_o be_v put_v into_o a_o great_a pot_n or_o cauldron_n full_a of_o boil_a pitch_n oil_n lead_v or_o wax_v mix_v together_o or_o have_v these_o fatal_a liquor_n by_o hole_n make_v on_o purpose_n pour_v into_o their_o bowel_n some_o of_o they_o be_v hang_v up_o by_o one_o or_o both_o hand_n with_o stone_n of_o great_a weight_n tie_v to_o their_o foot_n to_o augment_v their_o suffering_n other_o be_v anoint_v all_o over_o their_o body_n with_o honey_n and_o at_o midday_n fasten_v to_o the_o top_n of_o a_o pole_n that_o they_o may_v be_v a_o prey_n to_o fly_n wasp_n and_o such_o little_a cattle_n as_o might_n by_o degree_n sting_v and_o torment_v they_o to_o death_n thus_o beside_o many_o other_o it_o be_v with_o marcus_n bishop_n of_o arethusa_n 〈◊〉_d a_o venerable_a old_a man_n who_o suffer_v under_o julian_n the_o apostate_n after_o infinite_a other_o torture_n they_o daub_v he_o over_o with_o honey_n and_o jelly_n and_o in_o a_o basket_n fasten_v to_o the_o top_n of_o a_o pole_n expose_v he_o to_o the_o hot_a beam_n of_o the_o sun_n and_o to_o the_o fury_n of_o such_o little_a infect_v as_o will_v be_v sure_a to_o prey_v upon_o he_o sometime_o they_o be_v put_v into_o a_o rot_a ship_n which_o be_v turn_v out_o to_o sea_n be_v set_v on_o fire_n thus_o they_o serve_v a_o orthodox_n presbyter_n under_o valens_n the_o arrian_n emperor_n 227._o the_o same_o which_o socrates_n report_v of_o fourscore_o pious_a and_o devout_a man_n who_o by_o the_o same_o emperor_n command_n be_v thrust_v into_o a_o ship_n which_o be_v bring_v into_o open_a sea_n be_v present_o fire_v that_o so_o by_o this_o mean_v they_o may_v also_o want_v the_o honour_n of_o a_o burial_n and_o indeed_o the_o rage_n and_o cruelty_n of_o the_o gentile_n do_v not_o only_o reach_v the_o christian_n while_o alive_a but_o extend_v to_o they_o after_o death_n deny_v they_o what_o have_v be_v otherwise_o grant_v among_o the_o most_o barbarous_a people_n the_o conveniency_n of_o burial_n expose_v they_o to_o the_o ravage_v and_o fierceness_n of_o dog_n and_o beast_n of_o prey_n 334._o a_o thing_n which_o we_o be_v tell_v the_o primitive_a christian_n reckon_v as_o not_o the_o least_o aggravation_n of_o their_o suffering_n nay_o where_o they_o have_v be_v quiet_o bury_v they_o be_v not_o suffer_v many_o time_n as_o tertullian_n complain_v to_o enjoy_v the_o asylum_n of_o the_o grave_n 30._o but_o be_v pluck_v out_o rend_v and_o tear_v in_o piece_n but_o to_o what_o purpose_n be_v it_o any_o long_a to_o insist_v upon_o these_o thing_n soon_o may_v a_o man_n tell_v the_o star_n than_o reckon_v up_o all_o those_o method_n of_o misery_n and_o suffer_v which_o the_o christian_n endure_v 307._o eusebius_n who_o himself_o be_v a_o sad_a spectator_n of_o some_o of_o the_o late_a persecution_n profess_v to_o give_v over_o the_o account_n as_o a_o thing_n beyond_o all_o possibility_n of_o expression_n the_o manner_n of_o their_o suffering_n and_o the_o person_n that_o suffer_v be_v hard_o nay_o impossible_a to_o be_v reckon_v up_o the_o truth_n be_v as_o he_o there_o observe_v and_o cyprian_a plain_o tell_v demetrian_n of_o it_o their_o enemy_n do_v little_a else_o but_o set_v their_o wit_n upon_o the_o tenter_n to_o find_v out_o the_o most_o exquisite_a method_n of_o torture_n and_o punishment_n 200._o they_o be_v not_o content_a with_o those_o old_a way_n of_o torment_n which_o their_o forefather_n have_v bring_v in_o but_o by_o a_o ingenious_a cruelty_n daily_o invent_v new_a strive_v to_o excel_v one_o another_o in_o this_o piece_n of_o hellish_a art_n and_o account_v those_o the_o witty_a person_n that_o can_v invent_v the_o bitter_a and_o most_o barbarous_a engine_n of_o execution_n and_o in_o this_o they_o improve_v so_o much_o that_o ulpian_n master_n of_o record_n to_o alexander_n severus_n the_o emperor_n and_o the_o great_a oracle_n of_o those_o time_n for_o law_n write_v several_a book_n de_fw-fr officio_fw-la proconsulis_fw-la many_o parcel_n whereof_o be_v yet_o extant_a in_o the_o body_n of_o the_o civil_a law_n in_o the_o seven_o book_n collect_v together_o the_o several_a bloody_a edict_n which_o the_o emperor_n have_v put_v out_o against_o the_o christian_n that_o he_o may_v show_v by_o what_o way_n and_o method_n they_o ought_v to_o be_v punish_v and_o destroy_v 491._o as_o lactantius_n tell_v we_o but_o this_o book_n as_o to_o what_o concern_v christian_n be_v not_o now_o extant_a the_o zeal_n and_o piety_n of_o the_o first_o christian_n emperor_n have_v banish_v all_o book_n of_o that_o nature_n out_o of_o the_o world_n as_o appear_v by_o a_o law_n of_o the_o emperor_n theodosius_n 1._o where_o he_o command_v the_o write_n of_o porphyry_n and_o all_o other_o that_o have_v write_v against_o the_o christian_a religion_n to_o be_v burn_v the_o reason_n why_o we_o have_v no_o more_o book_n of_o the_o heathen_n concern_v the_o christian_n extant_a at_o this_o day_n have_v give_v this_o brief_a specimen_fw-la of_o some_o few_o of_o those_o grievous_a torment_n to_o which_o the_o primitive_a christian_n be_v expose_v they_o that_o will_v have_v more_o must_v read_v the_o martyrology_n of_o the_o church_n or_o such_o as_o have_v purposely_o witten_v on_o this_o subject_n we_o come_v next_o to_o consider_v what_o be_v their_o behaviour_n and_o carriage_n under_o they_o this_o we_o shall_v find_v to_o have_v be_v most_o sedate_n and_o calm_v most_o constant_a and_o resolute_a they_o neither_o faint_v nor_o fret_v neither_o rail_v at_o their_o enemy_n nor_o sink_v under_o their_o hand_n but_o bear_v up_o under_o the_o heavy_a torment_n under_o the_o bitter_a reproach_n with_o a_o meekness_n and_o patience_n that_o be_v invincible_a and_o such_o as_o every_o way_n become_v the_o mild_a and_o yet_o generous_a spirit_n of_o the_o gospel_n so_o justin_n martyr_n tell_v the_o jew_n 236._o we_o patient_o bear_v say_v he_o all_o the_o mischief_n which_o be_v bring_v upon_o we_o either_o by_o man_n or_o devil_n even_o to_o the_o extremity_n of_o death_n and_o torment_n pray_v for_o those_o that_o thus_o treat_v we_o that_o they_o may_v find_v mercy_n not_o desire_v to_o hurt_v or_o revenge_v ourselves_o upon_o any_o that_o injure_v we_o according_a as_o our_o great_a lawgiver_n have_v command_v we_o laudib_n thus_o eusebius_n report_v the_o hard_a usage_n which_o the_o christian_n meet_v with_o during_o the_o time_n of_o persecution_n 622._o tell_v we_o that_o they_o be_v betray_v and_o butcher_v by_o their_o own_o friend_n and_o brethren_n but_o they_o as_o courageous_a champion_n of_o the_o true_a religion_n accustom_v to_o prefer_v a_o honourable_a death_n in_o defence_n of_o the_o truth_n before_o life_n itself_o little_o regard_v the_o cruel_a usage_n they_o meet_v with_o in_o it_o but_o rather_o as_o become_v true_a soldier_n of_o god_n arm_v with_o patience_n they_o laugh_v at_o all_o method_n of_o execution_n fire_n and_o sword_n and_o the_o piercing_n of_o nail_n wild_a beast_n and_o the_o bottom_n of_o
the_o sea_n cut_v and_o burn_v of_o limb_n put_v out_o eye_n and_o mutilation_n of_o the_o whole_a body_n hunger_n and_o dig_v in_o mine_n chain_n and_o fetter_n all_o which_o for_o the_o great_a love_n that_o they_o have_v to_o their_o lord_n and_o master_n they_o account_v sweet_a than_o any_o happiness_n or_o pleasure_n whatsoever_o nay_o the_o very_a woman_n in_o this_o case_n be_v as_o courageous_a as_o the_o man_n many_o of_o who_o undergo_a the_o same_o conflict_n reap_v the_o same_o reward_n of_o their_o constancy_n and_o virtue_n but_o this_o will_v more_o distinct_o appear_v in_o a_o few_o particular_a case_n first_o when_o ever_o they_o be_v seek_v for_o in_o order_n to_o their_o be_v condemn_v and_o execute_v they_o care_v not_o to_o make_v use_n of_o opportunity_n to_o escape_v polycarp_n at_o his_o apprehension_n refuse_v to_o fly_v though_o go_v but_o into_o the_o next_o house_n may_v have_v save_v his_o life_n 28._o cyprian_a writing_n to_o the_o confessor_n commend_v 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remain_v unpunished_a and_o that_o the_o great_a the_o injury_n that_o be_v do_v we_o in_o these_o persecution_n we_o endure_v the_o more_o just_a and_o heavy_a will_v be_v that_o vengeance_n that_o will_v follow_v it_o never_o be_v any_o wicked_a attempt_n make_v against_o christian_n but_o a_o divine_a vengeance_n be_v soon_o at_o the_o heel_n of_o it_o but_o though_o they_o thus_o resolute_o stand_v to_o it_o when_o the_o honour_n of_o their_o religion_n lie_v at_o stake_n yet_o it_o must_v not_o be_v deny_v that_o in_o some_o case_n they_o hold_v it_o lawful_a and_o convenient_a to_o fly_v in_o time_n of_o persecution_n tertullian_n indeed_o in_o a_o book_n purposely_o write_v on_o this_o subject_n maintain_v it_o to_o be_v simple_o and_o absolute_o unlawful_a for_o christian_n to_o fly_v at_o such_o a_o time_n persecut_n a_o assertion_n which_o with_o all_o the_o subtlety_n of_o his_o wit_n and_o the_o flourish_n of_o his_o african_a eloquence_n he_o endeavour_v to_o render_v 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and_o eminency_n the_o save_n of_o who_o may_v be_v of_o great_a advantage_n to_o the_o church_n thus_o s._n paul_n be_v let_v down_o the_o wall_n in_o a_o basket_n when_o the_o governor_n of_o damascus_n seek_v his_o life_n thus_o cyprian_n withdraw_v from_o carthage_n and_o lay_v hide_v for_o two_o year_n together_o during_o which_o time_n he_o give_v secret_a order_n for_o govern_v of_o the_o church_n 545._o thus_o athanasius_n when_o syrianus_n and_o his_o soldier_n break_v into_o the_o church_n to_o apprehend_v he_o be_v by_o the_o universal_a cry_n both_o of_o clergy_n and_o people_n persuade_v and_o in_o a_o manner_n force_v to_o retire_v and_o save_v himself_o in_o which_o retirement_n he_o continue_v so_o long_o that_o the_o arrian_n charge_v he_o with_o fear_n and_o cowardice_n insomuch_o that_o for_o his_o own_o vindication_n he_o be_v force_v to_o write_v a_o apology_n for_o himself_o wherein_o he_o learned_o and_o eloquent_o discourse_v the_o whole_a affair_n justify_v 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martyr_n who_o wander_v about_o in_o desert_n and_o mountain_n and_o in_o den_n and_o cave_n of_o the_o earth_n be_v equal_o careful_a to_o avoid_v the_o two_o extreme_n of_o rashness_n and_o cowardice_n they_o will_v neither_o thrust_v themselves_o upon_o danger_n nor_o base_o run_v from_o death_n when_o call_v to_o it_o like_o wise_a physician_n reserve_v themselves_o for_o the_o use_n of_o those_o that_o need_v their_o assistance_n all_o which_o and_o a_o great_a deal_n more_o he_o rational_o urge_v in_o that_o apology_n ii_o another_o case_n wherein_o they_o account_v it_o lawful_a for_o person_n to_o retire_v under_o persecution_n be_v when_o be_v but_o new_a convert_v and_o as_o yet_o weak_a in_o the_o faith_n they_o look_v upon_o they_o as_o not_o likely_a to_o bear_v the_o shock_n and_o brunt_n of_o the_o persecution_n in_o this_o case_n they_o think_v it_o better_o for_o they_o to_o withdraw_v for_o the_o present_a than_o to_o put_v they_o under_o a_o temptaion_n of_o be_v 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prejudice_n to_o their_o soul_n he_o resolve_v to_o show_v they_o the_o way_n by_o his_o own_o example_n and_o himself_o first_o retire_v out_o of_o the_o reach_n of_o danger_n retreat_v to_o the_o mountainous_a part_n thereabouts_o that_o be_v free_a from_o the_o rage_n and_o malice_n of_o the_o enemy_n nor_o be_v this_o any_o impeachment_n of_o their_o zeal_n and_o readiness_n for_o suffering_n but_o only_o a_o prudent_a gain_v a_o little_a respite_n for_o a_o time_n that_o they_o may_v suffer_v with_o great_a advantage_n afterward_o they_o do_v not_o desire_v to_o save_v their_o head_n when_o the_o honour_n of_o their_o religion_n call_v for_o it_o nor_o ever_o by_o indirect_a mean_n screw_v themselves_o out_o of_o danger_n when_o once_o engage_v in_o it_o though_o they_o do_v sometime_o prudent_o prevent_v it_o reserve_v themselves_o for_o a_o more_o convenient_a season_n thus_o cyprian_n withdraw_v a_o little_a not_o out_o of_o fear_n of_o suffering_n but_o a_o desire_n to_o prevent_v his_o be_v put_v to_o death_n in_o a_o obscure_a place_n which_o his_o enemy_n have_v design_v be_v desirous_a his_o martyrdom_n shall_v happen_v in_o that_o place_n where_o he_o so_o long_o live_v and_o so_o public_o preach_v the_o christian_a faith_n second_o they_o be_v so_o far_o from_o decline_a suffering_n and_o be_v terrify_v with_o those_o misery_n which_o they_o see_v other_o undergo_v that_o they_o free_o and_o in_o great_a multitude_n offer_v themselves_o to_o the_o rage_n and_o fury_n of_o their_o enemy_n embrace_v death_n as_o the_o great_a honour_n that_o can_v be_v do_v they_o they_o strive_v as_o sulpitius_n severus_n observe_v 143._o speak_v of_o the_o nine_o persecution_n which_o shall_v rush_v first_o upon_o those_o glorious_a conflict_n man_n in_o those_o day_n as_o he_o add_v much_o more_o greedy_o seek_v martyrdom_n in_o the_o cause_n of_o christ_n than_o in_o aftertime_n they_o do_v for_o bishopric_n and_o the_o preferment_n of_o the_o church_n lucian_n who_o certain_o have_v very_o little_a love_n to_o christian_n yet_o give_v this_o account_n of_o they_o peregr_n the_o miserable_a wretch_n say_v he_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d do_v very_o persuade_v they_o 763._o i._n e._n those_o of_o their_o own_o party_n that_o they_o shall_v sure_o be_v immortal_a and_o live_v for_o ever_o upon_o which_o account_n they_o despise_v death_n and_o many_o of_o they_o voluntary_o offer_v themselves_o to_o it_o indeed_o they_o do_v ambitious_o contend_v who_o shall_v be_v first_o crown_v with_o martyrdom_n and_o that_o in_o such_o multitude_n that_o their_o enemy_n know_v not_o what_o to_o do_v with_o they_o their_o very_a persecutor_n grow_v weary_a of_o their_o bloody_a office_n vid._n tiberianus_n the_o precedent_n of_o palestine_n in_o his_o relation_n to_o the_o emperor_n trajan_n record_v by_o joannes_n matela_n mention_v also_o by_o suidas_n give_v this_o account_n of_o his_o proceed_n against_o they_o 82._o i_o be_o quite_o tire_v out_o in_o punish_v and_o destroy_v the_o galilean_n call_v here_o by_o the_o name_n of_o christian_n according_a to_o your_o command_n 〈◊〉_d and_o yet_o they_o cease_v not_o to_o offer_v themselves_o to_o be_v slay_v nay_o though_o i_o have_v labour_v both_o by_o fair_a mean_n and_o threaten_n to_o make_v they_o conceal_v themselves_o from_o be_v know_v to_o be_v christian_n yet_o can_v i_o not_o stave_v they_o off_o from_o persecution_n so_o little_a regard_n have_v they_o to_o suffering_n nay_o so_o impatient_a be_v they_o till_o they_o be_v in_o the_o midst_n of_o flame_n this_o make_v arrius_n antoninus_n the_o proconsul_n of_o asia_n 71._o when_o at_o first_o he_o severe_o persecute_v the_o christian_n whereupon_o all_o the_o christian_n in_o that_o city_n like_o a_o army_n voluntary_o present_v themselves_o before_o his_o tribunal_n to_o be_v surprise_v with_o wonder_n and_o cause_v only_o some_o few_o of_o they_o to_o be_v execute_v he_o cry_v out_o to_o the_o rest_n o_o unhappy_a people_n if_o you_o have_v a_o mind_n to_o die_v have_v you_o not_o halter_n and_o precipice_n enough_o to_o end_v your_o life_n with_o but_o you_o must_v come_v hither_o for_o a_o execution_n so_o fast_o do_v they_o flock_v to_o the_o place_n of_o torment_n fast_o than_o drove_n of_o beast_n that_o be_v drive_v to_o the_o shambles_n they_o even_o long_v to_o be_v in_o the_o arm_n of_o suffer_v ignatius_n though_o then_o in_o his_o journey_n to_o rome_n in_o order_n to_o his_o execution_n 107._o yet_o by_o the_o way_n as_o he_o go_v can_v not_o but_o vent_v his_o passionate_a desire_n of_o it_o o_o that_o i_o may_v come_v to_o those_o wild_a beast_n that_o be_v prepare_v for_o i_o i_o hearty_o wish_v that_o i_o may_v present_o meet_v with_o they_o i_o will_v invite_v and_o encourage_v they_o speedy_o to_o devour_v i_o and_o not_o be_v afraid_a to_o set_v upon_o i_o as_o they_o have_v be_v to_o other_o nay_o shall_v they_o refuse_v it_o i_o will_v even_o force_v they_o to_o it_o i_o be_o concern_v for_o nothing_o either_o see_v or_o unseen_a more_o than_o to_o enjoy_v jesus_n christ_n let_v fire_n and_o the_o cross_n and_o the_o rage_n of_o wild_a beast_n the_o break_n of_o bone_n distortion_n of_o member_n bruise_v of_o the_o whole_a body_n yea_o all_o the_o punishment_n which_o the_o devil_n can_v invent_v come_v upon_o i_o so_o as_o i_o may_v but_o enjoy_v christ_n they_o even_o envy_v the_o martyrdom_n of_o other_o and_o mourn_v that_o any_o go_v before_o while_o they_o be_v leave_v behind_o when_o laurentius_n the_o deacon_n espy_v sixtus_n the_o bishop_n of_o rome_n go_v to_o his_o martyrdom_n 42._o he_o burst_v into_o tear_n 26._o and_o passionate_o call_v out_o whither_o o_o my_o father_n be_v thou_o go_v without_o thy_o son_n whither_o so_o fast_o o_o holy_a bishop_n without_o thy_o deacon_n never_o do_v thou_o use_v to_o offer_v spiritual_a sacrifice_n without_o thy_o minister_n to_o attend_v thou_o what_o have_v i_o do_v that_o may_v displease_v thou_o have_v thou_o find_v i_o degenerous_a and_o fearful_a make_v trial_n at_o least_o whether_o thou_o have_v choose_v a_o fit_a minister_n to_o wait_v upon_o thou_o to_o this_o and_o more_o to_o the_o same_o import_n the_o good_a bishop_n reply_v mistake_v not_o my_o son_n i_o do_v not_o leave_v thou_o nor_o forsake_v thou_o great_a trial_n belong_v to_o thou_o i_o like_v a_o weak_a old_a man_n receive_v only_o the_o first_o skirmish_n of_o the_o battle_n but_o thou_o be_v youthful_a and_o valiant_a haste_n a_o more_o glorious_a triumph_n over_o the_o enemy_n reserve_v for_o thou_o cease_v to_o weep_v thy_o turn_n will_v be_v present_o for_o within_o three_o day_n thou_o shall_v follow_v i_o so_o pious_a a_o contention_n be_v there_o between_o these_o â—ood_a man_n which_o of_o they_o shall_v first_o suffer_v for_o the_o name_n of_o christ_n it_o be_v memorable_a what_o we_o find_v concern_v origen_n though_o then_o but_o a_o youth_n 202._o that_o when_o a_o great_a persecution_n be_v 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the_o time_n of_o penance_n may_v be_v shorten_v in_o what_o sense_n communion_n be_v deny_v by_o some_o ancient_a canon_n to_o penitent_n at_o the_o hour_n of_o death_n this_o discipline_n administer_v primary_o by_o bishop_n by_o his_o leave_n presbyter_n and_o in_o necessity_n deacon_n may_v absolve_v the_o public_a penitentiary_n when_o and_o why_o institute_v when_o and_o why_o lay_v aside_o penitent_n take_v into_o communion_n by_o martyr_n and_o confessor_n this_o power_n abuse_v to_o excess_n cyprian_n complaint_n of_o the_o excessive_a number_n of_o libel_n of_o peace_n grant_v by_o the_o martyr_n to_o the_o lapse_v without_o the_o knowledge_n of_o the_o bishop_n the_o form_n of_o these_o pacifick_n libel_n exemplify_v out_o of_o cyprian_a other_o sort_n of_o libel_n the_o libellatici_fw-la who_o thurificati_fw-la several_a sort_n of_o libellatici_fw-la the_o libellatici_fw-la proper_o so_o call_v their_o manner_n of_o address_n to_o the_o heathen_a magistrate_n to_o procure_v 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and_o vile_a sort_n of_o idolater_n other_o again_o fall_v into_o this_o sin_n by_o base_o corrupt_v the_o heathen_a magistrate_n and_o purchase_v a_o warrant_n of_o security_n from_o he_o to_o exempt_v they_o from_o the_o penalty_n of_o the_o law_n and_o the_o necessity_n of_o sacrifice_v and_o deny_v christ_n these_o be_v call_v libellatici_fw-la of_o who_o we_o shall_v speak_v more_o afterward_o second_o what_o penalty_n and_o punishment_n be_v inflict_v upon_o delinquent_a person_n and_o they_o can_v be_v no_o other_o than_o such_o as_o be_v agreeable_a to_o the_o nature_n and_o constitution_n of_o the_o church_n which_o as_o it_o transact_v only_o in_o spiritual_a matter_n so_o it_o can_v inflict_v no_o other_o than_o spiritual_a censure_n and_o chastisement_n it_o be_v true_a indeed_o that_o in_o the_o first_o age_n especial_o the_o apostle_n have_v a_o power_n to_o inflict_v bodily_a punishment_n upon_o offender_n which_o they_o sometime_o make_v use_n of_o upon_o great_a occasion_n as_o s._n peter_n do_v towards_o ananias_n and_o saphira_n strike_v they_o dead_a upon_o the_o place_n for_o their_o notorious_a cozenage_n and_o gross_a hypocrisy_n and_o s._n paul_n punish_v elymas_n with_o blindness_n for_o his_o perverse_a and_o malicious_a opposition_n of_o the_o gospel_n and_o this_o doubtless_o he_o primary_o intend_v by_o his_o deliver_v over_o person_n unto_o satan_n for_o no_o soon_o be_v they_o excommunicate_v and_o cut_v off_o from_o the_o body_n of_o the_o faithful_a but_o satan_n as_o the_o common_a sergeant_n and_o jailor_n seize_v upon_o they_o and_o either_o by_o actual_a possess_n or_o some_o other_o sign_n upon_o their_o body_n make_v it_o appear_v that_o they_o be_v deliver_v over_o into_o his_o power_n this_o can_v not_o but_o strike_v a_o mighty_a terror_n into_o man_n and_o make_v they_o stand_v in_o awe_n of_o the_o censure_n of_o the_o church_n and_o questionless_a the_o main_a design_n of_o the_o divine_a providence_n in_o afford_v this_o extraordinary_a gift_n be_v to_o supply_v the_o defect_n of_o civil_a and_o coercive_a power_n of_o which_o the_o church_n be_v then_o whole_o destitute_a and_o therefore_o need_v some_o more_o than_o ordinary_a assistance_n especial_o at_o its_o first_o constitution_n some_o visible_a and_o sensible_a punishment_n to_o keep_v its_o sentence_n and_o determination_n from_o be_v slight_v by_o bold_a and_o contumacious_a offender_n how_o long_o this_o miraculous_a power_n last_v in_o the_o church_n i_o know_v not_o or_o whether_o at_o all_o beyond_o the_o apostle_n age_n the_o common_a and_o stand_a penalty_n they_o make_v use_v of_o be_v excommunication_n or_o suspension_n from_o communion_n with_o the_o church_n the_o cut_v off_o and_o cast_v out_o a_o offend_a person_n as_o a_o rot_a and_o infect_a member_n till_o by_o repentance_n and_o wholesome_a discipline_n he_o be_v cure_v and_o restore_v and_o then_o he_o be_v readmit_v into_o church-society_n and_o to_o a_o participation_n of_o the_o ordinance_n and_o privilege_n of_o christianity_n this_o way_n of_o punish_v
by_o excommunication_n be_v not_o original_o institute_v by_o our_o lord_n or_o his_o apostle_n but_o have_v be_v ancient_o practise_v both_o among_o jew_n and_o gentile_n it_o be_v common_o practise_v by_o the_o druid_n as_o caesar_n who_o live_v among_o they_o inform_v we_o who_o 135._o when_o any_o of_o the_o people_n become_v irregular_a and_o disorderly_a present_o suspend_v they_o from_o their_o sacrifice_n and_o the_o person_n thus_o suspend_v be_v account_v in_o the_o number_n of_o the_o most_o impious_a and_o exercrable_a person_n all_o man_n stand_v off_o from_o they_o shun_v their_o company_n and_o converse_v as_o a_o infection_n and_o a_o plague_n they_o have_v no_o benefit_n of_o law_n nor_o any_o honour_n or_o respect_n show_v to_o they_o and_o of_o all_o punishment_n this_o they_o account_v most_o extreme_a and_o severe_a so_o far_o he_o give_v a_o account_n of_o this_o discipline_n among_o the_o ancient_a gaul_n in_o the_o jewish_a church_n nothing_o be_v more_o familiar_a their_o three_o famous_a degree_n of_o excommunication_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d niddui_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d cherem_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d shammatha_n be_v so_o common_o know_v that_o it_o be_v impertinent_a to_o insist_v upon_o they_o from_o the_o usage_n of_o the_o jewish_a it_o be_v among_o other_o rite_n adopt_v into_o the_o christian_a church_n practise_v by_o the_o apostle_n and_o the_o church_n found_v by_o they_o whereof_o we_o have_v instance_n in_o the_o new_a testament_n but_o bring_v to_o great_a perfection_n in_o succeed_a time_n it_o be_v various_o express_v by_o the_o ancient_a writer_n though_o much_o to_o the_o same_o purpose_n such_o person_n be_v say_v abstineri_fw-la to_o be_v keep_v back_o a_o word_n much_o use_v by_o cyprian_a and_o the_o synod_n of_o illiberis_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d to_o be_v separate_v or_o be_v separate_v from_o the_o body_n of_o christ_n as_o s._n augustin_n oft_o express_v it_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d to_o be_v whole_o cut_v off_o from_o communion_n 28._o as_o it_o be_v in_o the_o apostolic_a canon_n sometime_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 28._o as_o the_o laodicean_n synod_n call_v it_o to_o be_v throw_v out_o of_o the_o church_n to_o be_v anathematise_v and_o without_o the_o communion_n and_o pale_a of_o the_o church_n gaugr_n as_o the_o father_n of_o the_o council_n of_o gaugra_fw-mi have_v it_o this_o suspension_n and_o the_o penance_n that_o accompany_v it_o be_v great_a or_o less_o long_o or_o short_a according_a to_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o crime_n sometime_o two_o three_o ten_o fifteen_o twenty_o or_o thirty_o year_n and_o sometime_o for_o the_o whole_a life_n nay_o in_o some_o case_n it_o be_v not_o take_v off_o at_o death_n but_o person_n be_v leave_v to_o the_o judgement_n of_o god_n without_o any_o testimony_n of_o their_o reconciliation_n to_o the_o church_n though_o herein_o the_o severity_n be_v mitigate_v not_o only_o by_o private_a bishop_n but_o by_o the_o great_a council_n of_o nice_a which_o ordain_v that_o penitent_a person_n shall_v not_o be_v deny_v the_o communion_n at_o the_o hour_n of_o death_n of_o all_o which_o case_n or_o the_o most_o material_a of_o they_o we_o have_v in_o the_o forego_n discourse_n produce_v particular_a instance_n in_o their_o proper_a place_n if_o the_o person_n offend_v happen_v to_o be_v in_o order_n he_o forfeit_v his_o ministry_n and_o though_o upon_o his_o repentance_n he_o be_v restore_v to_o communion_n yet_o it_o be_v only_o as_o a_o lay-person_n never_o recover_v the_o honour_n and_o dignity_n of_o his_o office_n thus_o cornelius_n bishop_n of_o rome_n give_v fabius_n of_o antioch_n a_o account_n of_o the_o clancular_a and_o schismatical_a ordination_n of_o novatian_n 243._o tell_v he_o that_o one_o of_o the_o bishop_n that_o ordain_v he_o return_v after_o to_o the_o church_n with_o tear_n bewail_v his_o offence_n who_o at_o the_o instance_n of_o the_o people_n he_o receive_v unto_o lay-communion_n the_o same_o cyprian_a writing_n about_o this_o very_a case_n relate_v of_o trophimus_n who_o be_v either_o the_o very_a bishop_n mention_v by_o cornelius_n 69._o or_o one_o of_o his_o colleague_n that_o return_v to_o the_o church_n with_o great_a demonstration_n of_o repentance_n he_o be_v readmit_v but_o no_o otherwise_o than_o in_o the_o capacity_n of_o a_o layman_n 114._o and_o speak_v elsewhere_o of_o basilides_n his_o repentance_n he_o tell_v we_o he_o have_v no_o thought_n of_o retain_v his_o bishopric_n nicen_n make_v account_n he_o be_v very_o well_o deal_v with_o if_o upon_o his_o repentance_n he_o may_v but_o communicate_v as_o a_o laic_a and_o be_v receive_v among_o the_o number_n of_o the_o faithful_a this_o s._n basil_n tell_v we_o be_v a_o ancient_a canon_n and_o practice_n of_o the_o church_n and_o according_o ordain_v that_o a_o deacon_n guilty_a of_o fornication_n shall_v be_v depose_v from_o his_o office_n and_o be_v thrust_v down_o into_o the_o rank_n of_o the_o laity_n shall_v in_o that_o quality_n be_v admit_v to_o communion_n indeed_o they_o strive_v by_o all_o way_n imaginable_a to_o discourage_v sin_n never_o think_v the_o curb_n strong_a enough_o so_o they_o may_v but_o keep_v person_n within_o the_o bound_n of_o order_n and_o regularity_n insomuch_o that_o by_o some_o the_o string_n be_v stretch_v too_o far_o and_o all_o pardon_v deny_v to_o they_o that_o have_v sin_v this_o uncomfortable_a doctrine_n be_v if_o not_o first_o coin_v yet_o main_o vend_v by_o the_o novatian_a party_n for_o novatus_n s._n cyprian_n presbyter_n be_v suspend_v by_o he_o for_o his_o vile_a enormity_n flee_v over_o to_o rome_n and_o there_o join_v himself_o to_o novatian_n a_o presbyter_n of_o that_o church_n these_o two_o name_n be_v frequent_o confound_v by_o the_o greek_a writer_n who_o ambitious_o seek_v to_o make_v himself_o bishop_n and_o to_o thrust_v out_o cornelius_n new_o elect_v into_o that_o see_v 214._o but_o not_o be_v able_a to_o compass_v his_o design_n between_o they_o they_o start_v this_o among_o other_o heretical_a opinion_n that_o the_o lapse_v who_o through_o fear_n of_o suffer_v have_v fall_v in_o the_o time_n of_o persecution_n be_v not_o to_o be_v admit_v to_o repentance_n and_o that_o though_o they_o shall_v never_o so_o oft_o confess_v their_o sin_n and_o never_o so_o sincere_o forsake_v they_o yet_o there_o be_v no_o hope_n of_o salvation_n for_o they_o at_o leastwise_o for_o so_o i_o incline_v to_o understand_v they_o that_o it_o be_v not_o in_o the_o power_n of_o the_o church_n to_o absolve_v or_o give_v they_o any_o hope_n of_o pardon_n leave_v they_o to_o the_o judgement_n of_o god_n style_v themselves_o and_o not_o only_o as_o balsamon_n affirm_v nicen_n ironical_o style_v by_o other_o by_o the_o name_n of_o cathari_n the_o pure_a and_o undefiled_a party_n but_o they_o be_v herein_o present_o condemn_v by_o a_o synod_n of_o sixty_o bishop_n and_o more_o than_o as_o many_o presbyter_n and_o deacon_n gather_v at_o rome_n and_o the_o decree_n consent_v to_o and_o publish_v by_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o bishop_n in_o their_o several_a province_n conclude_v that_o novatus_n and_o his_o party_n and_o all_o that_o have_v subscribe_v to_o his_o most_o inhuman_a and_o merciless_a opinion_n shall_v be_v cast_v out_o of_o the_o church_n and_o that_o the_o brethren_n who_o in_o that_o sad_a calamity_n have_v fall_v from_o their_o profession_n shall_v be_v heal_v and_o restore_v by_o the_o art_n and_o method_n of_o repentance_n which_o bring_v we_o to_o consider_v 〈…〉_z three_o how_o and_o in_o what_o manner_n offender_n be_v deal_v with_o both_z as_o to_o their_o suspension_n and_o penance_n and_o as_o to_o their_o absolution_n this_o affair_n be_v usual_o manage_v after_o this_o order_n at_o their_o public_a assembly_n as_o we_o find_v in_o tertullian_n among_o other_o part_n of_o their_o holy_a exercise_n 31._o there_o be_v exhortation_n reproof_n and_o a_o divine_a censure_n for_o the_o judgement_n be_v give_v with_o great_a weight_n as_o among_o those_o that_o be_v sure_a that_o god_n behold_v what_o they_o do_v and_o this_o be_v one_o of_o the_o high_a praeludium_n and_o forerunner_n of_o the_o judgement_n to_o come_v when_o the_o delinquent_a person_n be_v banish_v from_o the_o communion_n of_o prayer_n assembly_n and_o all_o holy_a commerce_n by_o this_o passage_n we_o clear_o see_v that_o the_o first_o thing_n in_o this_o solemn_a action_n be_v to_o make_v reproof_n and_o exhortation_n thereby_o to_o bring_v the_o offender_n to_o the_o sight_n and_o acknowledgement_n of_o his_o fault_n then_o the_o sentence_n or_o censure_n be_v pass_v upon_o he_o whereby_o he_o be_v suspend_v not_o only_o from_o the_o communion_n of_o the_o holy_a eucharist_n but_o from_o all_o holy_a commerce_n in_o any_o especial_o public_a duty_n of_o religion_n we_o can_v imagine_v that_o in_o every_o person_n
that_o be_v next_o to_o god_n we_o sacrifice_v for_o his_o safety_n but_o it_o be_v to_o his_o and_o our_o god_n and_o so_o as_o he_o have_v command_v only_o by_o holy_a prayer_n for_o the_o great_a god_n need_v no_o blood_n or_o sweet_a perfume_n these_o be_v the_o banquet_n and_o repast_n of_o devil_n which_o we_o do_v not_o only_o reject_v but_o expel_v at_o every_o turn_n but_o to_o say_v more_o concern_v this_o be_v to_o light_v a_o candle_n to_o the_o sun_n julian_n the_o emperor_n though_o no_o good_a friend_n to_o christian_n 528._o yet_o thus_o far_o do_v they_o right_o that_o if_o they_o see_v any_o one_o mutiny_v against_o his_o prince_n they_o present_o punish_v he_o with_o great_a severity_n and_o here_o we_o may_v with_o just_a reason_n reflect_v upon_o the_o iniquity_n of_o the_o church_n of_o rome_n which_o in_o this_o instance_n of_o religion_n have_v so_o abominable_o debauch_v the_o purity_n and_o simplicity_n of_o the_o christian_a faith_n for_o they_o not_o only_o exempt_v the_o clergy_n where_o they_o can_v from_o the_o authority_n and_o judgement_n of_o the_o secular_a power_n whereby_o horrible_a enormity_n do_v arise_v but_o general_o teach_v that_o a_o prince_n once_o excommunicate_v his_o subject_n be_v absolve_v from_o all_o fealty_n and_o allegiance_n and_o he_o may_v with_o impunity_n be_v depose_v or_o make_v away_o how_o shall_v such_o a_o prince_n be_v thunder_v against_o with_o curse_n and_o deprivation_n every_o bold_a and_o treacherous_a priest_n be_v authorize_v to_o brand_v his_o sacred_a person_n with_o the_o odious_a name_n of_o infidel_n heretic_n and_o apostate_n and_o be_v apostolical_o license_v to_o slander_n and_o belibel_v he_o and_o furnish_v with_o commission_n to_o free_v his_o subject_n from_o their_o duty_n and_o allegiance_n and_o to_o allure_v they_o to_o take_v up_o arm_n against_o he_o and_o if_o these_o course_n fail_v and_o man_n still_o continue_v loyal_a they_o have_v disciple_n ready_a by_o secret_a or_o sudden_a art_n to_o send_v he_o out_o of_o the_o world_n and_o if_o any_o man_n conscience_n be_v so_o nice_a as_o to_o boggle_v at_o it_o his_o scruple_n shall_v be_v remove_v at_o worst_a it_o shall_v pass_v for_o a_o venial_a crime_n and_o the_o pope_n perhaps_o with_o the_o help_n of_o a_o limitation_n that_o it_o be_v do_v for_o the_o interest_n of_o the_o catholic_n cause_n by_o his_o omnipotence_n shall_v create_v it_o meritorious_a cardinal_n bellarmine_n who_o wit_n and_o learning_n be_v employ_v to_o uphold_v a_o totter_a cause_n maintain_v it_o stiff_o 891._o and_o in_o express_a term_n that_o if_o a_o king_n be_v a_o heretic_n or_o a_o infidel_n and_o we_o know_v what_o they_o mean_v by_o that_o nay_o he_o particular_o name_v the_o reform_a prince_n of_o england_n among_o his_o instance_n and_o seek_v to_o draw_v his_o dominion_n unto_o his_o sect_n it_o be_v not_o only_o lawful_a but_o necessary_a to_o deprive_v he_o of_o his_o kingdom_n and_o although_o he_o know_v that_o the_o whole_a course_n of_o antiquity_n will_v fly_v in_o the_o face_n of_o so_o bold_a a_o assertion_n yet_o he_o go_v on_o to_o assert_v that_o the_o reason_n why_o the_o primitive_a christian_n do_v not_o attempt_v this_o upon_o nero_n dioclesian_n julian_n the_o apostate_n and_o the_o like_a be_v not_o out_o of_o conscience_n or_o that_o they_o boggle_v out_o of_o a_o sense_n of_o duty_n but_o because_o they_o want_v mean_n and_o power_n to_o effect_v it_o a_o bold_a piece_n of_o falsehood_n this_o and_o how_o contrary_a to_o the_o plain_a and_o positive_a law_n of_o christ_n to_o the_o meek_a and_o primitive_a spirit_n of_o the_o gospel_n but_o by_o the_o cardinal_n leave_v it_o can_v not_o be_v for_o want_v of_o power_n for_o if_o as_o seneca_n observe_v he_o may_v be_v master_n of_o any_o man_n life_n that_o undervalue_v his_o own_o 9_o it_o be_v then_o as_o easy_a for_o a_o christian_n to_o have_v slay_v nero_n or_o dioclesian_n as_o it_o be_v of_o late_a time_n for_o gerard_n to_o pistol_n the_o prince_n of_o orange_n or_o ravillac_n to_o stab_v the_o king_n of_o france_n nay_o take_v one_o of_o his_o own_o instance_n julian_n the_o apostate_n a_o prince_n bad_a enough_o and_o that_o leave_v no_o method_n unattempted_a to_o seduce_v his_o subject_n to_o paganism_n and_o idolatry_n yet_o though_o the_o great_a part_n of_o his_o army_n be_v christian_n they_o never_o so_o much_o as_o whisper_v a_o treasonable_a design_n against_o he_o use_v no_o other_o arm_n as_o we_o note_v out_o of_o nazianzen_n but_o prayer_n and_o tear_n have_v s._n paul_n be_v of_o their_o mind_n he_o will_v have_v tell_v the_o christian_a roman_n quite_o another_o story_n and_o instead_o of_o bid_v they_o be_v subject_a to_o nero_n not_o only_o for_o wrath_n but_o for_o conscience_n sake_n will_v have_v instruct_v they_o to_o take_v all_o opportunity_n to_o have_v murder_v or_o depose_v he_o but_o i_o shall_v not_o reckon_v up_o the_o villainy_n they_o have_v be_v guilty_a of_o in_o this_o kind_n nor_o pursue_v the_o odious_a and_o pernicious_a consequence_n of_o their_o doctrine_n and_o practice_n thus_o much_o i_o can_v not_o but_o take_v notice_n of_o be_v so_o immediate_o opposite_a to_o the_o whole_a tenor_n of_o the_o gospel_n and_o so_o great_a a_o scandal_n to_o christianity_n and_o i_o very_o believe_v that_o have_v the_o primitive_a christian_n be_v no_o better_a subject_n than_o their_o emperor_n be_v prince_n have_v they_o practise_v on_o they_o those_o bloody_a artifices_fw-la which_o have_v be_v common_a among_o those_o that_o call_v themselves_o the_o only_a catholic_n that_o barbarous_a deal_n will_v have_v be_v a_o great_a curb_n to_o the_o flourish_a of_o the_o gospel_n than_o all_o the_o ten_o persecution_n for_o how_o can_v a_o impartial_a heathen_a ever_o have_v believe_v their_o doctrine_n to_o have_v be_v of_o god_n have_v their_o action_n be_v so_o contrary_a to_o all_o principle_n of_o natural_a divinity_n sure_o i_o be_o pagan_a rome_n 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mankind_n chap._n v._n of_o their_o penance_n and_o the_o discipline_n of_o the_o ancient_a church_n this_o why_o last_o treat_v of_o the_o church_n as_o a_o society_n found_v by_o christ_n have_v its_o distinct_a law_n and_o privilege_n what_o the_o usual_a offence_n that_o come_v under_o the_o church_n discipline_n all_o immorality_n open_a or_o confess_v lapse_v into_o idolatry_n the_o great_a sin_n of_o those_o time_n how_o many_o way_n usual_o commit_v the_o traditores_fw-la who_o what_o their_o crime_n what_o penalty_n inflict_v upon_o delinquent_a person_n deliver_v over_o to_o satan_n what_o this_o extraordinary_a coercive_a power_n why_o vest_v in_o the_o church_n the_o common_a and_o stand_a penalty_n by_o excommunication_n this_o practise_v among_o the_o ancient_a gaul_n a_o account_n of_o it_o out_o of_o caesar_n in_o use_n among_o the_o jew_n thence_o derive_v to_o the_o christian_n this_o punishment_n how_o express_v by_o church-writer_n manage_v according_o to_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o fault_n the_o rigour_n of_o it_o sometime_o mitigate_v delinquent_n clergyman_n degrade_v and_o never_o admit_v but_o to_o lay-communion_n instance_n of_o it_o a_o account_n of_o the_o rise_n of_o novatianism_n and_o the_o severity_n of_o its_o principle_n style_v cathari_n condemn_v by_o the_o synod_n at_o rome_n offender_n in_o what_o manner_n deal_v with_o the_o procedure_n of_o the_o action_n describe_v by_o tertullian_n penitent_n how_v behave_v themselves_o during_o their_o suspension_n the_o great_a not_o spare_v the_o case_n of_o philippus_n and_o theodosius_n this_o severity_n why_o use_v penance_n call_v satisfaction_n and_o why_o the_o use_n of_o the_o word_n satisfaction_n in_o the_o ancient_a father_n penitent_n how_v absolve_v after_o what_o time_n in_o the_o power_n of_o bishop_n to_o extend_v or_o shorten_v these_o penitentiary_n humiliation_n four_o particular_a case_n observe_v wherein_o