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A77712 Vade mecum or, a companion for a chyrurgion: fitted for times of peace or war. Compendiously shewing the yong artist the use of every severall instrument belonging to a chyrurgion; and the vertues and qualities of all such medicines as are needfull and necessary, with the maner of compounding them, according to the most approved authors. As also the perfect cure of green wounds, either incised or contused, ulcers, fistulaes, fractures, and dislocations. To which is added the maner of making reports before a judge of assize, of any one that hath come to an untimely end. By Tho. Brugis Doctor in Physick. Brugis, Thomas, fl. 1640?; Cross, Thomas, fl. 1632-1682, engraver. 1651 (1651) Wing B5225; Thomason E1357_2; ESTC R209491 89,747 252

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the body if the ayr come forth at the wound making a certain whizzing noise if the Patient breath with great difficulty if he feel a great heavinesse or weight on or about the midriffe whereby it may be gatherered that a great quantity of bloud lyeth on the place or midriffe and so causeth him to f●el a weight or heavinesse which by little and little will be cast up by vomiting But a little after a Feaver commeth and the breath is unsavoury and stinking by reason that the putrifying bloud is turned into sanies the Patient cannot lye but on his back and he hath an often desire to vomit but if he escape death his wound will degenerate into a Fistula and at length will consume him by little and little We may know that the lungs are wounded by foming and spumous bloud comming out both at the wound and cast up by vomiting he is vexed with a shortnesse of breath and a pain in his sides We may perceive the heart to be wounded by the abundance of bloud that commeth out at the wound by the trembling of all the whole body by the faint and small pulse palenesse of the face cold sweat with often swounding coldnesse of the ex●●eam parts and sudden death When the Midriffe which the Latines call Diaphragma is wounded the Patient feeleth a great weight in that place he raveth and talketh idely he is troubled with shortnesse of wind a cough and fit of grievous paine and drawing of the entralls upwards Wherefore when all these accidents appear we may certainly pronounce that death is at hand Death appeareth suddenly by a wound of the hollow veyne or the great Artery by reason of the great and violent evacuation of bloud and spirits whereby the functions of the heart and lungs are stopped and hindred The marrow of the backbone being pierced the Patient is assaulted with a Palsie or Convulsion very suddenly and sense and motion faileth in the parts beneath it the excrements are either evacuated against the Patients will or altogether stopped the intestines putrifie and rot and death suddenly follows When the Liver is wounded much bloud commeth out at the wound and pricking pain disperseth it selfe even unto the sword like gristle which hath its scituation at the lower end of the breast bone called Sternon the bloud that falleth from thence downe into the intestines doth oftentimes infer most maligne accidents yea and most commonly death When the stomach is wounded the meat and drink come out at the wound there followeth a vomiting of pure choler then commeth sweating and coldnesse of the extreame parts and therefore we ought to prognosticate death to follow When the Milt or Spleen is wounded black and gross bloud cometh out at the woūd the patient wil be very thirsty with pain on the left side and the bloud breaks forth into the belly and there putrifying causeth most maligne and grievous accidents and oftentimes death to follow When the guts are wounded the whole body is griped and pained the excrements come out at the wound whereat also oftentimes the guts break forth with great violence When the reins or kidneys are wounded the patient will have great pain in making his urine and the bloud commeth out together therewith the pain commmeth down even unto the groyn yard and lesticles When the bladder and Ureters are wounded the pain goeth even unto the entrails the parts all about and belonging to the groyne are distended the urine is bloudy that is made and the same also oftentimes commeth out at the wound When the womb is wounded the bloud commeth out at the privities and all other accidents appeare like as when the bladder is wounded When the sinews are pricked or cut halfe asunder there is great pain in the affected place and there followeth a sudden inflammation flux abscesse Feaver Convulsion and oftentimes a gangrene or mortification of the part whereof commeth death unlesse it be speedily prevented If a Nurse through drowsinesse or negligence lies upon her infant being in bed with her and so stifles or smothers it to death which we call overlaying if the judgement and opinion of the artist be required whether it dyed by default of the Nurse or by some violent disease lurking in the body these rules following shall shew the truth of the matter If the infant were in good health before if he were not froward nor crying if his mouth and nosthrils now being dead be moystned or bedewed with a certain foame or froath if his face be not pale but of a violet or purple colour if when the body is opened the lungs be found swoln and puffed up as it were with a certain vaporous foam and all the other intrails sound it is a token that the infant was stifled smothered or strangled by some outward violence If the body or dead corps of a man be found lying in the field or house alone and it be questioned whether he were slaine by lightning or some other violent death these signes following will shew the certainty thereof For every body that is blasted or stricken with lightning doth cast forth or breath out an unwholsome stinking or sulphureous smell so that the Birds or Fowls of the aire nor dogs will not once touch it much lesse prey or feed on it the part that was stricken oftentimes sound and without any wound but if you search it well you shall find the bones under the skin to be bruised broken or shivered in pieces But if the lightning hath pierced into the body which making a wound therein according to the judgement of PLINY the wounded part is far colder than all the rest of the body For lightning driveth the most thin and fiery ayre before it and striketh it into the body with great violence by the force whereof the heat that was in the part is soon dispersed wasted and consumed Lightning doth alwayes leave some impression signe of some fire either by ustion or blacknesse for no lightning is without fire Moreover whereas all other living creatures when they are stricken with lightning fall on the contrary side only man falleth on the affected side if he be not turned with violence toward the coast or region from whence the lightning came If a man be stricken with lightning while he is asleep he will be found with eyes open contrariwise if he be stricken while he is awake his eyes will be closed as PLINNY writes Also it may be inquired in judgement whether any that is dead and wounded received these wounds alive or dead Truly the wounds that are made on a living man if he dye of them after his death will appeare red and bloudy with the sides or edges swoln or pale round about contrariwise those that are made in a dead man will be neither red bloudy swollne nor puffed up for all the faculties and functions of life in the body do cease and fall together by death so that thenceforth no spirits nor bloud
hath killed a childe perfectly shaped and made in all the members that is he which hath killed a live chide then he which hath destroyed an Embryon that is a certaine concretion of the spermatick body for Moses punisheth the former with death as that he should give life for life but the other with a pecuniary mulct I. A. B. Chyrurgion of London being called this tenth of August instant to visit T. W. I found him in his bed wounded on his head with a wound on the left temple piercing the bone with a fracture and depression of the bone into the menings and substance of the brain by means whereof his pulse was weak he was troubled with raving convulsion cold sweat and his appetite was dejected whereby may be gathered that certain and speedy death is at hand In witnesse whereof I have hereunto set my hand I. A. B. Chyrurgion of London entring the house of J. R. this twentieth of March found him hurt with three wounds one on the hinder part of his head crosse the future Lambdoides the other overthwart his right hand cutting the veins arteries and nerves the third in the leg from the juncture down by the minor facile to the breadth of four fingers all the danger I can report is That he will be lame of his hand though never so diligently dressed and healed In witnesse whereof I have hereunto set my hand A direction to know by the dayly judgement of the Moone the danger of falling sick upon any of those dayes 1. HEE that happeneth to fall sick on this day of the Moone if his sicknesse be fierce or tedious shall quickly dye 2. He shal be cured though sore sick 3. With good care and physick he may be cured 4. He shal soon be restored to health 5. He shal be restored after 10. dayes sicknesse 6. He shal not be in danger 7. He will hardly live above 3 months 8. His sicknesse and languishing will continue a long time 9. After 9 dayes he shall have health 10. After 10 dayes he shall amend 11. Hee shall at last recover though he be long sick 12. After 12 dayes sicknesse he shal recover 13. He shal be vexed with a long and tedious sicknesse 14. No doubt of his recovery 15. No feare but easily to escape death 16. Keep him from open ayre and he shal be in the lesse danger 17 No Physick will do him any good 18 19 20. Good dayes 21. Mortall and incurable 22. After three months he shall escape 23. In few dayes he shall dye 24. He shall remain sick a long time 25 26 27 28 29 All good dayes 30. The sick shall hardly escape though he use many good medicines Invideunt alij non imitentur idem Soli Deo Gloria Finis Libri A Table of the Contents of severall things contained in this Booke A APostumes pag. 11 Aloe Rosat pag. 121 Aloe ibid. Anniseeds pag. 125 Alome pag. 131 Album Graecum pag. 132 Artery or Vein hurt pag. 163 Astringent Powder pag. 166 Astringents pag. 170 Abstersives ibid. Aperitives pag. 181 Attractives pag. 184 Adustives pag. 185 B BAsilicon pag. 11 Burnings and scaldings pag. 13. 12 Balsome of Lukatully pag. 14 Bladderings of the skin pag. 16 Basilicon magnum pag. 34 Benedicta Laxativa pag. 119 Bole-armony pag. 131 Burnt Coperas pag. 135 Bean meale ibid. Barley meale pag. 136 Blood Porringers pag. 153 Brain wounded pag 163 Breast wounded ibid. Bladder hurt pag. 165 C COnserves to be in readinesse pag. 4 Corrosives pag. 9 Camphoratum album pag. 37 Conserve of red Roses pag. 89 Conserve of Rosemary Flowers ibid. Conserve of Borage Flowers pag. 90 Conserve of Berberries ibid. Conserve of Quinces ibid. Conserve of Wood Sorrell pag. 91 Conserve of Sloes ibid. Confection of Alkerns pag. 97 Confection Hamech pag. 118 Chyna pag. 123 Carraway seeds pag. 126 Cummin seeds ibid. Canthaides pag. 131 Crow-hills Catch bullets and Terebellum pag. 137 Cauterizing irons pag. 144 Ca●h●●●r pag. 149 ●●●…ng-grasses pag. 152 〈◊〉 of Fractures and dislocations pag 175 Consolidatives pag. 182 Conglutinatives pag. 183 Corrosives pag. 185 D DIrector pag. 10 Diapompholigos pag. 15 Desiccativum rubrum pag. 16 Diacalciteos pag. 22 Diachilon parvum pag. 26 Diachilon magnum pag. 27 Diamoron pag. 87 Diaphaenicon pag. 101 Diacatholicon pag. 102 Dioscordium pag. 103 Dragons bloud pag. 131 Dismembring knife pag. 138 Diet pot pag. 155 A Direction to know by the dayly judgement of the Moone the danger of falling sick uppon any of those dayes pag. 207 E EMplaisters pag. 3 Electuaries to have in readinesse pag. 5 Erisepela the cure pag. 16 Excoriations ibid. Emplaister of Bettony pag. 23 Emplaister Griseum ibid. Emplaister Mellilot pag. 24 Emplaistrum Ceroneum pag. 31 Emplaistrum Diasulphuris pag. 33 Emplaistrum Necotiani pag. 34 Emplaistrum Sir PHILIP PARIS pag. 35 Emplaistrum Oxicrocium pag. 44 Emplaistrum de Minio pag. 45 Electuary of the Egge pag. 98 Euphorbium pag. 123 F FOrceps pag. 10 Fleme the use pag. 11 Fistula's pag. 14. 13 Flesh spongeous abated ibid. French Barley pag. 125 Fennell seeds ibid. Fenugreek pag. 126 Forceps for teeth pag. 145 Forehead veine pag. 161 G GUiacum pag. 124 Guts wounded pag. 164 H HOney pag. 9 Humours stopped pag. 16 Honey of Roses pag. 88 Harts horne rasped pag. 122 Harts Suet. pag. 130 Hogs Suet. ibid. Honey pag. 135 Head-Saw pag. 142 Head-veine pag. 161 Hamme-veine pag. 161 Heart wounded pag. 163 I INstruments p. 1. 2. Incision knife p. 7 Itching p. 16 Joleb p. 121 Incision sheeres p. 137 K Kidneys wounded p. 164 L LAxatives to be in readinesse p. 5 Levatory the use p. 9 Liniment of Arcaeus p. 12 Lotion the common p. 79 Lie strong p. 80 Lungs hurt p. 163 Laudanum Paracelsi p. 104 Licorice p. 124 Juice of Licorice ibid. Powder of Licorice p. 125 Linseed p. 126 Lapis medicamentosus p. 133 Of the Lancet p. 156 Liver veine p. 160 Liver hurt p. 164 M MEl saponis p. 40 Mithridate p. 99 Myrrhe p. 128 Mastick ibid. Mill dust p. 136 Middle veine p. 160 Midriffe wounded p. 164 Mundificatives p. 180 Maturatives p. 181 N NEedles the use p. 9 Noli me tangere p. 15 Nutritum Unguent p. 16 Nutmegs p. 127 Nerves hurt p. 164 O OIles p. 3 Opiates to be in readinesse p. 5 Golden Oyntment p. 13 Oile of Roses p. 47 Oile of Dill. p. 48 Oile of Camomile ibid. Oile of Wormes p. 49 Oile of Lillies ibid. Oile of Rue p. 50 Oile of Pepper ibid. Oile of Fox p. 51 Oile of Castoreum p. 52 Oile of Euphorbium p. 53 Oile of Amber p. 54 Oile of Nutmegs p. 56 Oile of Costus p. 57 Oile of Wax ibid. Oile of St. Johns Wort. p. 58 Oile of Elders p. 59 Oile of Linseed p. 60 Oile of Egges ibid. Oile of Whelps p. 61 Oyle of Bayes p. 62 Oile of sweet Almonds ibid. Oile of bitter Almonds p. 63 Oyle of Vitriol ibid. Oile of Sulphur p. 66 Oile of Brickbats or Tilestones p.
can be sent or flow unto the wounded place Therefore by these signes which shall appeare it may be declared that he was wounded dead or alive The like question may come in judgement when a man is found hanged whether he were hanged dead or alive Therefore if he were hanged alive the impression or print of the rope will appear red pale or black and the skin round about it will be contracted or wrinkled by reason of the compression which the cord hath made also oftentimes the head of the Aspera arteria is rent and torne and the second spondile and the neck luxated or moved out of his place also the legs and armes will be pale by reason of the violent and sudden suffocation of the spirits moreover there wil be a foam about his mouth and a foamy and filthy matter hanging out at his nosthrils being sent thither both by reason that the Lungs are suddenly heated and suffocated as also by the convulsive concussion of the brain like as it were in the falling sicknesse Contrariwise if he be hanged dead none of these signes appeare for neither the print of the rope appears red or pale but of the same colour as the other parts of the body are because in dead men the bloud and spirits doe not slew to the grieved parts Whosoever is found dead in the waters you shall know whether they wore thrown into the water alive or dead by these following signes All the belly of him that was thrown in alive will be swoln and puffed up by reason of the water that is c●ntained therein certain clammy excrements come out at his mouth and nosthrils the ends of his fingers will be worne and excoriated because that he dyed striving and scraping in the bottome of the River se●king some what whereon he might take hold to save himselfe from drowning Contrariwise if he be thrown into the waters being dead before his belly will not be swoln because that in a dead man all the passages and conduits of the body do fall together and are stopped and closed and for that a dead man breaths not there appeareth no foame nor filthy matter about his mouth and nose and much lesse can the skin of the tops of his fingers be rubbed off for man is already dead he cannot strive against death But as concerning the bodies of those that are drowned those that swim on the upper part of the water being swoln or puffed up they are not so by reason of the water that is contained in the belly but by reason of a certain vapor into which a great portion of the humors of the body are converted by the efficacy of the putrifying heat Therfore this swelling appeareth not in all men which do perish or else are cast out into the waters but in them which are corrupted with the filthinesse or muddinesse of the water long time after they were drowned and are cast on the shore Many are stifled and suffocated by burning Charcoals in a close roome and sometimes recovered if taken in time else quite smothered These you shall perceive their faces wan and pale no pulse beating all the extream parts cold speech and motion cease so that there is little hopes of recovering onely as thus put your hand to the region of the heart and if you finde any heat and pulsation then there is life remaining else not therefore if your judgement be required concerning any persons found dead in any close roome you shall enquire whether there were any Charcoals burned there or observe whether the walls or flours be new whitelimed and the cause of their deaths will appear You shall know that a person is poysoned when as he complains of a great heavinesse of his whole body so that he is weary of himself when as some horrid and loathsome taste sweats out from the orifice of the stomack to the mouth and tongue wholly different from that taste that meat howsoever corrupted can send up when as the colour of the face changeth suddenly sometimes to black sometimes to yellow or any other colour much differing from the common custome of man when nauseousnesse with frequent vomiting troubleth the Patient and that he is molested with so great unquietnesse that all things may seem to be turned upside down when the Patient swounds often and with cold sweats Those poysons which exceed in heat cause a burning in the tongue mouth throat stomack guts and all the inner parts with great thirsts unquietnesse and perpetuall sweats but if to their excesse of heat they be accompanied with a corroding and putrifying quality as Arsnick Sublimate Roseager or Ratsbane Verdigrease Orpiment and the like they then cause in the stomack and guts intollerable pricking pains rumblings in the belly and continuall and intollerable thirst These are succeeded by vomitings with sweats sometimes hot sometimes cold with swoundings whence sudden death ensues Poysons that kill by too great coldnesse induce a dull and heavy sleep or drowsinesse from which you cannot easily rouze or waken them some imes they so trouble the brain that the Patients perform many undecent gestures and antick tricks with their mouths and eyes arms and legs like as such as are frantick they are troubled with cold sweats their faces become blackish or yellowish alwayes gastly all their bodies are benummed and they dye in a short time unlesse they be helped poysons of this kinde are Hemlock Poppy Nightshade Henbane Mandrake c. Dry poysons are usually accompanied by heat with moisture for although sulphur be hot and dry yet hath it moisture to hold the parts together as all things which have a consistence have yet are they called dry by reason that drinesse is predominant in them such things make the tongue and throat dry and rough with unquenchable thirst the belly is so bound that so much as the urine cannot have free passage forth all the members grow squallid by drinesse the Patients cannot sleep poysons of this kinde are Litharge Cerusse Lime Scales of brasse Filings of lead prepared Antimony c. Poysons that are moyst induce a perpertual sleep a fluxe or scouring the resolution of all the nerves and joynts so that not so much as their eyes may be faithfully contained in their orbes but will hang as ready to fall out the extream parts as the hands feet nose ears corrupt and putrifie and at which time they are also troubled with thirst by reason of their strong heat alwayes the companion of putrifaction and oft-times the authour thereof now when this commeth to passe death is at hand of this kinde are the bitings of Serpents the venenate and putrifying humidity of the ayre the Lues venereae and the like Being to make report of a child killed with the mother have a care that you make a discreet report whether the childe were perfect in all the parts and members thereof that the Judge may equally punish the authour thereof for he meriteth far greater punishment who