Selected quad for the lemma: death_n
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A02428
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The English phlebotomy: or, Method and way of healing by letting of blood Very profitable in this spring time for the preseruatiue intention, and most needful al the whole yeare beside, for the curatiue intention of phisick. Collected out of good & approued authors at times of leasure from his other studies, and compiled in that order that it is: by N.G.
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Gyer, Nicholas.
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1592
(1592)
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STC 12561; ESTC S103604
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137,091
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320
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and lesse cold than other fleshie substances It needeth therefore no euacuation hauing naturally of itselfe how to be purged calore extraneo by a forrein outward and strange kinde of heate And againe Galen sayeth lib 11. of the same worke Cap. 14 speaking of Synochus a kinde of feuer Si in puerum incidat qui 14. annum non hactenus attigit mitti illi sanguis non debet propterea quod tantillis cum praesertim calidi ac humidi sint plurimum corporis substantiae quotidie defluat ac digeratur it a quod ex incidenda vena moliendum nobis fuerat id vltro nobis ex curati corporis natura praestatur i. If this feuer happen to a childe yet not 14 yeares of age he is not to be let bloud because such yong ones being of a hote and moyst constitution haue much of their bodily substance daily dissolued So that the same which we goe about to bring to passe by opening a veyne is done already to our hands by the constitution of the Patient Of this imp e diment namely the age beside old men and boyes are also meant decrepits and very Infants Auicen remembreth in quarta primi cap. 20. this matter writing almost in this manner Thou oughtest to beware of opening a veyne in a complexion too colde in a Country too colde in time of extreme paine in a member after resolutiue bathinges after carnall copulation in young age vnder fourteene and in olde age except thou haue great confidence in the solidity of the Muscles in the largenes and fulnes of the veynes and rednes of the colour such either young or olde boldly may be let bloud Yet those that are young of fourteene yeare olde must bleede orderly by little and little at once and at each time more than before and all this did Auicen take out of Galen So that although in Phlebotomy wee are chiefly to consider these three thinges that is to say the danger of the disease the age and naturall strength of the party yet the age is sometime not wayed when the strength of nature serueth either in old or yong Wherfore Galen lib. de curand ratione per sanguinis missionem cap. 13. willeth to let bloud young sanguine children and olde sanguine men without consideration of age if the disease be vehement and dangerous if the body bee sufficiently strong and that there also bee vehemency of the Pulsies In these cases Necessitas non habet legem Necessity hath no Lawe So in Spaine they let children bloud of three yeares olde and lesse and Auenzoar writeth that hee let his sonne bloud at three yeares of age and so preserued him from death lib. septi cap. tertio Collecta These limits of yeares in this point Hyppocrates did not set downe Galen appointed them from fourteene to seauentie Mooued by the foresaide reasons Rhases in olde decrepite age nothing at all fearing the danger of exhausting the naturall heate that remaineth in the body with the bloud whereof notwithstanding often proceedeth the hazarde of life by vndiscrete bleeding by opening a veyne in decrepite persons did then helpe and did great good in grieuous Pluresies and Perypleumonias And concerning young folke this wee find true by experience that in the fifth or sixth yeares of their age by opening a veyne Pluresies inward inflammations and other grieuous diseases are cured Yea wee see by the very course of Nature that Children and sucking Infantes oft plentifully bleede at the nose without any hurt of body or any diminishing of their naturall strength The age of Childhood hath naturally her strength and bodely forces why therefore may we not euacuate bloud according to the proportion of the same Especially when the childe is plentifully fedde hauing also large veynes and is filled with good concocted bloud Againe if it bee graunted that the forces of nature are impaired by bleeding whether is it better for the childe to periâ—h through plenitude and abundance of humors or to free him of his disease by abating that abundance though the strength of nature be thereby a litle hindered Therefore somtime the necessity of bleeding is great euen in childred as in Pluresies inward inflammations and continuall feuers There is therefore no age in my poore iudgement but may abide some measure of Euacuation by bleeding if the child bee past fourteene yeares of age Yet consideration is to be had of what constitution hee is whether his bodely substance be fat or leane thicke or thin grosse or slender hard or soft of much bloud or of litle In the first we may proceed to open a veyne in the other not and here we most carefully remember that in children because of their hot moist temperature lesse bloud must be taken than the plenitude seemeth to require The fift impediment is an ill disposition of the stomack incident to some men more than other some in whom chollerick humors flow to the mouth of their stomacks and maketh them apt to chollericke vomits although before they haue neither accustomed nor had any desire to vomit In thesemen bleeding is to bee forborne because thereby the troubled humors flowe to the mouth of the stomacke as to the accustomed place and because the stomacke cannot resist so great a Flux of humors being partly weake of it self and more weakened through their comming Hereof diuers great discommodities growe to the body yea this is the very cause that some fall downe and faint in bleeding For the chollericke humors flowing to the stomacke bite and nip the same and so per Simpathia through a certaine kind of compassion that is betweene the stomacke the heart and the braine it causeth Syncope that is sowning VVherefore Galen lib. 12. Method cap. 3. Durst neither purge nor let those bloud which haue the mouth of their stomacke very sensible tender weake and abounding with bitter choler and which persons also abounding with the same when they bleede in the very beginning long afore full euacuation bee made oft fall downe and faint by reason of the foresaide choler and crudity of humors And this is also the counsaile of Galen lib. de curand ratio per sanguin missio cap. 1. and of Auicen in quarta primi cap. 20. Ye may perceiue the mouth of the stomacke to bee very sensible saith Auicen when yee cannot swallowe downe sharpe and bitter thinges without hurt VVeakenes of the stomacke is knowen by losse of Apetite to meate and drinke Abundance of bitter choler is shewed by bitternes of the mouth by subuersion of the stomacke long time connnuing and by oft vomiting vp of choler These signes and tokens discried in any patitient doo dehort from opening a veyne Yea this ill disposition of the stomacke bringeth not onely Sincope but also sometime present death As Galen witnesseth lib. 9. cap. 5. Meden And Auicen in the former cited place The sixt is weakenes of the natural forces Of which there is a threefold condition for they are either firme or weake
or betwene both The forces of nature being but weake they cannot indure Phlebotomy so forcible an euacuation As Galen 2. Aphorismo Aphorism encipienti In quo morbo c. 4. Simplicis medecinae witnesseth This is one of the principall considerations that are to bee regarded in opening a veyne for either wee must dehort from it if natures forces serue not or incourage to proceede it if they will serue vnto it For it standeth with great reason that bleeding must greatly infeeble and put them in danger that are already weake of nature Yea it oft falleth out that diuers being let bloud carrying very weake bodies can neuer again recouer their former and pristinate strength as Galen lib. de curand ratio per sang missio ca. 6. li. 11. Method meden cap. 14. witnesseth If the body bee strong and that vrgent necessiity so require wee may boldly let bloud If necessity doo not vrge bleede not at all or very litle If vpon great necessity in this case much bloud must bee taken the body being feeble and not able to abide it we are to euacuate now a litle and then a little Yea I giue heere againe aduise especially to regarde this consideration For many times when the age disease and time require this kind of euacuation and the naturall strength cannot brooke it there insueth Sincope that is sowning In the which case we must reiterate bleeding as hath beene said or else stay it putting the finger on the wound which stay the Grecians vsed and called Apphasis The seauenth stay or let is the habite and constitution of the body wherein wee are to regard the whitenes or blackenes leannes or fatnes thicknes or thinnes of the bodies that are to bleede Thinne white leane and soft bodies are not to bleede because many superfluities are resolued from such bodies which being to them sufficient they need not any other euacuation This doth Galen affirm lib. 9. Metho Medend fleshy bodies firme and thicke are subiect nothing so much to dissipation of superfluities therefore may better abide bleeding as for fatte and grosse bodies though they be also lesse subiect to wasting dissipation of humors than other are yet they hardly tollerat Phlebotomy because they haue but small veynes and they being emptied by bleeding the fat of the body wringeth and as it were presseth them down So that it is gretly to bee feared lest by such oppression the heat of nature be quite extinguished In this point of the habit of the body we are also to consider the capablenes of the veyns which being great swollen may better be opened than the narrow and small litle veyns Again we are also here to regard the naturall disposition of the humors For hot and thin humors are flowing and quickly dispersed Thicke and cold humors are not so and because grosse thicke fat bodies haue lesser veynes lesser bloud than leane men that in such persons the very fat of their bodies oft presseth down the veyns so suffocating and choking naturall heate therfore wee see by experience that oftentimes these corpulent fat men die a sodaine death VVherevpon also Hyppocrates 2. Aphoris Aphoris 44. supposed that grosse men die sooner and more sodainly than leane persons This I my selfe obserued certaine yeares past by the death of a Gentleman of good credite in this shiere of Kent one Maister Weldon Esquiere and of the Greencloth VVho died very sodainely beeing a very fat Gentleman at a parish called great Pecham The eighth impediment is the colde temperature of the Patient or the coldnes of the complexion For the bodily constitution beeing already colde by bleeding of force must be made more cold VVhereby frigiditie of the body dayly increaseth And as Isaac saith in Vrinis Sanguis est fundamentum caloris naturalis in quo calor naturalis confortatur Bloud is the foundation of naturall heate whereby naturall heate is strengthened Therefore Phlebotomy euacuating bloud diminisheth the naturall heate and consequently bringeth a dangerous coldneâ— to the whole body The foundation of inward warmth namely bloud being diminished inwarde heate decayeth and the body still by little and little waxeth more colde And this is testefied by Galen lib. de curanda ratio per sanguin missio cap. 6. Yet when the sicke is of a melancholy constitution and is grieued with much Repletion or that Melancholy hath much bloud mixt with it in this case hee may bleede And againe a hot and a moist constitution of body hauing also the bodily substance consisting of found whole and massie members which by reason of inwarde heate is daily much dissolued tollerateth not so plentifull euacuation as other complexions VVhere by the way yee are to note that in Phisicke that body which aboundeth with much humors in the veynes is most properly called Corpus humidum and may best of all away with euacuatioÌ„ by bleeding The ninth is rawnes slownes and clammines of the humors In which case wee are to forbeare bleeding For otherwise crudity of humors will bee increased After Galen 12. Method Medend cap. 2. And this is the cause why in long continuing maladies bleeding is not vsed according to Auicen for if it were there woulde followe Crudity of Humors Debility of Naturall vertue Prolongation of the disease with feare neuer to bee cured And therefore againe as the same Auicen saith further in diseases daily and continuall called Morte Chronici Purgation must goe before bleeding and not bleeding first although we are to vse them both VVhereof looke before Chap. 4. Of crudity of humors there are two speciall causes the first is the excessiue multitude of humors in the body choking the inwarde naturall heare by reason of whose weakenes and suffocation nature not beeing able to ouercome those humors crudiâ—â—es must needes iâ—â—ue in the body Buâ— in thâ— case Phlebotomy may be vsed And Galen lib. 2. cap. de Hydroposi â—aith that bleeding he petâ—â—in the 〈◊〉 of a dropsie which is caused throâ—gh abundance of menstruous bloud or of abundance of hemorroids The reason is for that although these humors abounde in the body yet bleeding stayeth the fluxe of them both of that that is of the menstruous bloude and also of the Hemorroids This also Trallianus affiâ—meth lib. 9. cap. 2. In the cure of Anasarca which is a â—inde of dropsie in these words Omnium curatio a vacuatione incipiendaest sed Ascitis quidem dicti aut Timpaniae a solapurgatione cus autem Arasarca nomeâ—i est ea vena sertionem intâ—rdum ordum requirit vt qui â—x sanguine frigidonascitut The cure of all dropsies must begin at eu cuation But that kind of dropsie called Ascitis or a Timpany must beginne at purging onely That dropsie called Anasarca sometime equireth opening of a veyne as proceeding of colde bloud This he faith not that this Anasarca requireth any further coldnes to be added but because the withdrawing of abundance of humors in this case disburdeneth nature