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A05105 The French academie Fully discoursed and finished in foure bookes. 1. Institution of manners and callings of all estates. 2. Concerning the soule and body of man. 3. A notable description of the whole world, &c. 4. Christian philosophie, instructing the true and onely meanes to eternall life. This fourth part neuer before published in English. All written by the first author, Peter de la Primaudaye, Esquire, Lord of Barre, Chauncellour, and Steward of the French Kings house.; Academie françoise. English La Primaudaye, Pierre de, b. ca. 1545.; Dolman, R. (Richard); W. P., fl. 1618.; Bowes, Thomas, fl. 1586.; Phillip, William, attributed name. 1618 (1618) STC 15241; ESTC S113143 72,610 1,102

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yet want two hundred of their growth before they leaue encreasing which make three hundred then we must needs resolue that this three hundred yeere are but the third part of a Trees life because as all things liuing besides so trees must haue allowed them for their increase one third another third for their stand and a third part of time also for their decay All which time of a Tree amounts to nine hundred yeeres three hundred for increase three hundred for his stand whereof we haue the te●rme stature and three hundred for his decay and yet I thinke for we must coniecture by comparing because no one man liueth to see the full age of trees I am within the compasse of his age supposing alwaies the foresaid meanes of preseruing his life Consider the age of other liuing creatures The Horse and moiled Oxe wrought to an vntimely death yet double the time of their increase A Dog likewise increaseth three stanns three at least and in as many or rather moe decayes Euery liuing thing bestowes the least part of his age in his growth and so must it needs be with trees A man comes not to his full growth and strength by common estimation before thirty yeeres and some slender and cleane bodies not till forty so long also stands his strength so long also must he haue allowed by course of nature to decay Euer supposing that he be well kept with necessaries and from and without straines bruises and all other dominyring diseases I will not say vpon true report that Physicke holds it possible that a cleane body kept by these 3. Doctors Doctor Dyet Doctor Quiet and Doctor Merriman may liue neere a hundred yeeres Neither will I here vrge the long yeeres of Methushalah and those men of that time because you will say Mans dayes are shortned since the floud But what hath shortned them God for mans sinnes but by meanes as want of knowledge euill gouernment ryot gluttony drunkenesse and to be short the encrease of the curse our sinnes increasing in an iron and wicked age Now if a man whose body is nothing in a manner but tender rottennesse whose course of life cannot by any meanes by counsell restraint of Lawes or punishment nor hope of praise profet or eturnall glory be kept within any bounds who is degenerate cleane from his naturall feeding to effeminate nicenesse and cloying his body with excesse of meate drinke sleepe c. and to whom nothing is so pleasant and so much desired as the causes of his owne death as idlenesse lust c. may li●e to that age I see not but a tree of a solide substance not damnified by heate or cold capable of and subiect to any kinde of ordering or dressing that a man shall apply vnto him feeding naturally as from the beginning disburdened of all superfluities eased of and of his owne accord auoiding the causes that may annoy him should double the life of a man more then twice told and yet naturall phylosophy and the vniuersall consent of all Histories tell vs that many other liuing creatures farre exceed man in the length of yeeres As the Hart and the Rauen. Thus reporteth that famous Roterodam out of Hesiodus and many other Historiographers The testimony of Cicero in his booke De Sen●ctute is weighty to this purpose that we must in posteras aetates ferere arbores which can haue none other sence but that our fruit-trees whereof he speakes can endure for many ages What else are trees in comparison with the earth but as haires to the body of a man And it is certaine without poisoning euill and distemperate dyet and vsage or other such forcible cause the haires dure with the body That they be called excrements it is by reason of their superfluous growth for cut them as often as you list and they will still come to their naturall length Not in respect of their substance and nature H●ires endure long and are an ornament and vse also to the body as trees to the earth So that I resolue vpon good reason that fruit-trees well ordered may liue and like a thousand yeeres and beare fruit and the longer the more the greater and the better because his vigour is p●oud and stronger when his yeeres are many You shall see old trees put their buds and blossomes both sooner and more plentifully then yong trees by much And I sensi●ly perceiue my young trees to inlarge their ●rust as they grow greater both for number and greatnesse Young He●fers bring not fo●th Calues so faire neither are they so plentifull to milke as when they become to be old Ki●e No good Houswife will b●e●d of a young but of an old bird-mother It is so in all things naturally therefore in trees And if fruit-trees l●st to this age how many ages is it to be supposed st●ong and huge timber-trees will last whose huge bodies require the yeeres of diuers Methushalaes before they end their dayes whose sap is strong and bitter whose barke is hard and thicke and their substance solid and stiffe all which are defences of health and long life Their strength withstands all forcible winds their sap of that qu●lity is not subiect to wormes and tainting Their barke receiues seldome or neuer by casualty any wound And not onely so but he is free from remoualls which are the death of millions of trees where as the fruit-tree in comparison is little and often blowne downe his sap sweet easily and soone tainted his barke tender and soone wounded and himselfe vsed by man as man vseth himselfe that is either v●skilfully or carelessely It is good for some purposes to regard the age of your fruit trees which you may easily know till they come to accomplish twenty yeeres by his knots Reckon from his roote vp an arme and so to hys top-twig and euery yeeres growth is distinguished from other by a knot except lopping or remouing doe hinder CHAP. 15. Of gathering and keeping Fruit. ALthough it be an easie matter when God shall sen● it together and keepe fruit yet are they certaine things worthy your regard You must gather your fruit when it is ripe and not before else will it wither and be tough and sowre All fruit generally are ripe when they beginne to fall For Trees doe as all other bearers doe when their yong ones are ripe they will waine them The Doue her Pigeons● the Cony her Rabbets and women their children Some fruit tree sometimes getting a taint in the setting with a frost or euill winde will cast his fruit vntimely but not before he leaue giuing them sap or they leaue growing Except from this foresaid rule Cherries Damsons and Bullies The Cherry is ripe when he is sweld wholy red and sweet Damsons and Bulies not before the first frost Apples are knowne to be ripe partly by their colour growing towards a yellow except the Leather-coat and some Peares and Greening Timely Summer
yeeres then the pleasure of an Orchard What can your eye desire to see your eares to hear your mouth to tast or your nose to smell that is not to be had in an Orchard with abundance and variety What more delightsome then an infinite variety of sweet smelling flowers decking with sundry colours the greene mantle of the Earth the vniuersall Mother of vs all so by them bespotted so dyed that all the world cannot sample them and wherein it is more fit to admire the Dyer then imitate his workemanship Colouring not onely the earth but decking the ayre and sweetning euery breath and spirit The Rose red damaske veluet and double double prouince Rose the sweet muske Rose double and single the double and single white Rose The faire and sweet senting Woodbinde double and single and double double Purple Cowslips and double Cowsl●ps and double double Cowslips Primerose double and single The Violet nothing behinde the best for smelling sweetly A thousand more will prouoke your content And all these by the skill of your Gardner so comely and orderly placed in your Borders and Squares and ●o intermingled that none looking thereon cannot but wonder to see what Nature corrected by Art can doe When you behold in diuers corners of your Orchard Mounts of stone or wood curiously wrought within and without or of earth couered with fruit-trees Kentish Cherry Damsons Plummes c. with staires of precious workmanship And in some corner or moe a true Dyall or Clocke and some Anticke-workes and especially siluer-sounding Musique mixt Instruments and voices gracing all the rest How will you be rapt with delight Large Walkes broad and long close and open like the Tempe groues in Thessalie raised with grauell and sand hauing seats and bankes of Cammomile all this delights the minde and brings health to the body View now with delight the workes of your owne hands your fruit-trees of all sorts loaden with sweet blossomes and fruit of all tasts operations and colours your trees standing in comely order which way soeuer you looke Your borders on euery side hanging and drooping with Feberries Raspberries Barberries Currens and the rootes of your trees powdred with Strawberries red white and greene what a pleasure is this Your Gardner can frame your lesser wood to the shape of men armed in the field ready to giue battell or swift running Greyhounds or of well sented and true running Hounds to chase the Deere or hunt the Hare This kind of hunting shall not waste your corne nor much your coyne Mazes well framed a mans height may perhaps make your friend wander in gathering of berries till he cannot recouer himselfe without your helpe To haue occasion to exercise within your Orchard it shall be a pleasure to haue a Bowling Alley or rather which is more manly and more healthfull a paire of Buts to stretch your armes Rosemary and sweete Eglantine are seemely ornaments about a Doore or Window and so is Woodbinde Looke Chapter 5 and you shall see the forme of a Conduite If there were two or more it were not amisse And in mine opinion I could highly commend your Orchard if either through it or hard by it there should runne a pleasant Riuer with siluer streames you might sit in your Mount and angle a peckled Trout or sleightie Eele or some other dainty Fish Or moats whereon you might row with a Boate and fish with Nettes Store of Bees in a dry and warme Bee-house comely made of Fir-boords to sing and sit and feede vpon your flowers and sprouts make a pleasant noyse and sight For cleanely and innocent Bees of all other things lone and become and thriue in an Orchard If they thriue as they must needes if your Gardiner bee skilfull and loue them for they loue their friends and hate none but their enemies they will besides the pleasure yeeld great profit to p●y him his wages Yea the increase of twenty Stockes of Stooles with other fees● will keepe your Orchard You need not doubt their stings for they h●rt not whom they know and they know their keeper and acquaintance If you like not to come amongst them you need not d●ubt them for but neere the●r store and in their owne defence they will not fight and in that case onely and who can blame them they are m●nly and figh● desperately Some as that Honorable Lady at Hacknes whose name doth much● grace mine Orchard vse to make seates for them in the stone wall of their Orchard or Garden which is good but wood is better A Vine ouer-shadowing a seate ●●is very comely though her Grapes with vs ripe slowly One chiefe grace that adornes an Orchard I cannot let slip A brood of Nightingales who with their seuerall notes and tunes with a strong delightsome voyce out of a weake body will beare you company night and day She loues and liues in hots of woods in her hart She will helpe you to cleanse your trees of Caterpillers and all noysome wormes and flyes The gentle Robin●red-brest will helpe her and in winter in the coldest stormes will keepe a part Neither wi●l the silly Wren be behind in Summer with her distinct whistle like a sweete Recorder to cheere your spirits The Black-bird and Th●estle for I take it the Thrush sings not but deuoures sing loudly in a May morn●●●● and delights the eare much and you neede not 〈◊〉 their company if you haue ripe Cherries or Berries and would ●s gladly as the rest do you pleasure But I had rather want their company than my fruit What shall I say A thousand of pleasant delightes are attendant in an Orchard and sooner shall I be weary then I can recken the least part of that pl●asure which one that hath and loues an Orchard may find therein What is there of all these few that I haue reckoned which doth not please the eye the eare the smell and taste And by these sences as Organes Pipes and windowes these delights are carried to refresh the gentle generous and noble mind To conclude what ioy may you haue that you liuing to such an age shall see the blessings of God on your labours while you liue and leaue behind you to heires or successors for God will make heires such a worke that many ages after your death shall record your loue to their Countrey And the rather when you consider Chap. 14. to what length of time your worke is like to last FINIS THE COVNTRY HOVSE-VVIFES GARDEN Containing Rules for Hearbs and Seedes of common vse with their times and seasons when to set and sow them TOGETHER With the Husbandry of Bees published with secrets very necessary for euery House-wife As also diuerse new Knots for Gardens The Contents see at large in the last Page Genes 2.29 I haue giuen vnto you euery Herbe and euery tree that