Selected quad for the lemma: death_n

Word A	Word B	Word C	Word D	Occurrence	Frequency Band	MI	MI Band	Prominent
death_n	age_n	life_n	old_a	5,148	5	5.6715	4	false

Text snippets containing the quad

ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A22928	The naturall and morall historie of the East and West Indies Intreating of the remarkable things of heaven, of the elements, mettalls, plants and beasts which are proper to that country: together with the manners, ceremonies, lawes, governments, and warres of the Indians. Written in Spanish by the R.F. Ioseph Acosta, and translated into English by E.G.; Historia natural y moral de las Indias. English	Acosta, José de, 1540-1600.; Grimeston, Edward, attributed name.	1604 (1604)	STC 94; ESTC S100394	372,047	616

which they honoured after death to this end their successors gave them garments and made sacrifices vnto them especially the Kings Inguas being accompanied at their funeralls with a great number of servants and women for his service in the other life and therefore on the day of his decease they did put to death the woman he had loved best his servants and officers that they might serve him in the other life Whenas Guanacapa died who was father to Atagualpa at what time the Spaniards entred they put to death aboue a thousand persons of all ages and conditions for his service to accompany him in the other life after many songs and drunkennes they slew them and these that were appointed to death held themselves happy They did sacrifice many things vnto them especially young children and with the bloud they made a stroake on the dead mans face from one eare to the other This superstition and inhumanitie to kill both men and women to accompanie and serve the dead in the other life hath beene followed by others and is at this day vsed amongst some other barbarous Nations And as Pollo writes it hath beene in a maner generall throughout all the Indies The Reverent Beda reportes that before the Englishmen were converted to the Gospel they had the same custome to kill men to accompany and serve the dead It is written of a Portugall who being captive among the Barbarians had beene hurt with a dart so as he lost one eye and as they would have sacrificed him to accompany a Nobleman that was dead hee said vnto them that those that were in the other life would make small account of the dead if they gave him a blind man for a companion that it were better to give him an attendant that had both his eyes This reason being found good by the Barbarians they let him go Besids this superstition of sacrificing men to the dead beeing vsed but to great Personages there is another far more general common in all the Indies which is to set meate and drinke vpon the grave of the dead imagining they did feede thereon the which hath likewise beene an error amongst the Ancients as saint Augustine writes and therefore they gave them meate and drinke At this day many Indian Infidells doe secretly draw their dead out of the churchyard and burie them on hilles or vpon passages of mountaines or else in their owne houses They have also vsed to put gold and silver in their mouth hands and bosome and to apparell them with new garments durable and well lined vnder the herse They beleeve that the soules of the dead wandred vp and downe and indure colde thirst hunger and travell and for this cause they make their anniversaries carrying them clothes meate and drinke So as the Prelates neitheir Synodes above all things give charge to their Priests to let the Indians vnderstand that the offerings that are set vpon the sepulchre is not to feede the dead but for the poore and ministers and that God alone dooth feede the soules in the other life seeing they neither eate nor drinke any corporall thing being very needefull they should vnderstand it lest they should convert this religious vse into a superstition of the gentiles as many doe Of the manner of burying the dead among the Mexicaine and sundrie other Nations CHAP. 8. HAving reported what many nations of Peru have done with their dead it shall not be from the purpose to make particular mention of the Mexicaines in this poynt whose mortuaries were much solempnised and full of notable follies It was the office of the priests and religious of Mexico who lived there with a strange observance as shall be saide heereafter to interre the dead and doe their obsequies The places where they buried them was in their gardens and in the courts of their owne houses others carried them to the places of sacrifices which were doone in the mountaines others burnt them and after buryed the ashes in they● Temples and they buryed them all with whatsoever they had of apparel stones and jewells They did put the ashes of such as were burnt into pots with them the jewells stones and earerings of the dead how rich and pretious soever They did sing the funerall offices like to answeres and did often lift vp the dead bodies dooing many ceremonies At these mortuaries they did eate and drinke and if it were a person of qualitie they gave apparrell to all such as came to the interrement When any one dyed they layd him open in a chamber vntill that all his kinsfolkes and friendes were come who brought presents vnto the dead and saluted him as if he were living And if hee were a King or Lord of some towne they offered him slaves to be put to death with him to the end they might serve him in the other world They likewise put to death his priest or chaplaine for every Noble man had a priest which administred these ceremonies within his house and then they killed him that hee might execute his office with the dead They likewise killed his cooke his butler his dwarfes and deformed men by whome he was most served neyther did they spare the very brothers of the dead who had most served them for it was a greatnesse amongest the Noble men to be served by theyr brethren and the rest Finally they put to death all of his traine for the entertaining of his house in the other world and lest poverty should oppresse them they buried with them much wealth as golde silver stones curtins of exquisite worke bracelets of gold and other rich peeces And if they burned the dead they vsed the like with all his servants and ornaments they gave him for the other world Then tooke they all the ashes they buryed with very great solemnity The obsequies continued tenne dayes with songs of plaints and lamentations and the priests caried away the dead with so many ceremonies and in so great number as they coulde scarce accoumpt them To the Captaines and Noblemen they gave trophees and markes of honour according to their enterprises and valor imployed in the warres and governements for this effect they had armes and particular blasons They carried these markes or blazons to the place where hee desired to be buried or burnt marching before the body and accompanying it as it were in procession where the priests and officers of the Temple went with diverse furnitures and ornaments some casting incense others singing and some sounding of mournefull flutes and drummes which did much increase the sorrow of his kinsfolkes and subiects The priest who did the office was decked with the markes of the idoll which the noble man had represented for all noble men did represent idolles and carried the name of some one and for this occasion they were esteemed and honoured The order of knighthoode did commonly carry these foresaide markes He that should be burnt being brought to the place appoynted they

570 Integritie of women greatly honored by the Mexicaines 409 Inventions of Iupanguy Ingua to deprive his father and brother of the kingdome 476 L. LAke exceeding hote in the middest of a colde land 171 Lake of Mexico having two kindes of water 172 Lakes on the tops of mountaines and how they growe 171 Lactanti● laughes at the Perepatetiks touching the heaven 2 Lactantius con●uted touching the Antipodes 21 Ladders of leather to come out of the mines 230 Landes of excellent temperature not yet discovered 190 Lawyers have erred 432 Liberalitie of Autzol the eight king of Mexico 551 Litters of massie golde 212 Lions of Peru vnlike to them of Afftrike 70 the Indians hunt them 303 M. MAlaca formerly called the golden Ch●rsonesus 37 Mamaco●as antient women as it were mothers to the virgins secluded 366 Mameys a fruit like vnto peaches 276 Manati a monstrous fish that feedes in the fields it is like to flesh when ye eate it 164 Mandarins Indian officers how hard it is to bee capable of those offices 440 Mangocapa the fi●●t Ingua and what they faine of him 474 Maguey a tree of woonders and to what vse it serves 273 Mandarin tongue is the writing of the Indians and is done by characters 441 Many rare things in nature knowne more by chance thā by industry 63 Mans bloud drunke by the slave that should be sacrificed 425 Marriage of the Indians how celebrated 408 Marriage amongst the Indians defended onely in the first degree 469 Marriage of the Inguas with their sisters vnlawful 170 Marks of some navigations of the Antients 61 Mattins at midnight practised by the Divells ministers 365 Mays Indian corne howe they eate it and make drinke thereof 253 Mechoacanes enim●es to the Mexicans and why 506 Men how they might passe to the Indies 51 and how they might people it 7● Men and women sacrificed at the death of the Inguas to serve him in the other worlde 346 Men made gods and then sacrificed 357 Men beeing sacrificed eaten by the Priests 385 Mineralles imitate plants in their maner of growing 203 Mines some wandering some fixt 217 Mines in olde time very rich yet nothing neere to them of Potozi 224 Mines exceeding painefull 228 Mines of quickesilver in Spaine 238 Middle region of the ayre colde and why 108 Milles to grinde ●ettalls 246 Mettall poore and rich what they be 217 Mettall the neerer that it is to the superficies of th● earth the richer 229 Mettalls why created 205 Mettalles are no● found but in barren grounds 209 M●xi chiefe of the people that came from Mexico from whom they took their name 506 Mexico a Citty built in a Lake 170 Mockery of the Mexicains against the Tlatelulcos af●et they had vanquished them 548 Moneth at the Indies of twenty daies 434 Morning most pleasant in Europe and most troublesome in Peru. 113 Mulberie trees planted in new Spaine have greatly profited for silkworms 298 Muttons or sheepe of Peru serving ●or ass●s to carry their burthens profitable above all other beasts 319 N. NAvatalcas people that reformed new Spaine 498 Navigation at this day very easie 56 Navigation of Salomon what it might be 60 New Spaine what it is 187 New world lying almost all vnder the burning zone 82 Nights in summer very fresh at Peru in respect of Europe 112 Nights of six months vnder the Pole 29 Night how it comes 6 Nobilitie of Mexico murdered in dancing by the Spaniardes 576 Nostril of the kings of Mexico pierced to hang an emerald 545 Nutts at the Indies vnpleasant called by them imprisoned 280 O. OBiection against Aristo●l● not resolved 28 Occasion of warre betwixt the Tap●necans and Mexicans 526 Ocean at the Indies divided into the north and south seas 207 Ointment which the Indians did vse to make themselves fitte to speake with the Divell the which made them cruell and without feare 403 Ophir is at the east Indies 41 Opinion of some that the earthly Paradise is vnder the Equinocti●ll not without re●son 114 Orders of priests in Mexico and their ordinary offices 365 Ord●●s of Kn●ghts in Mexico and the markes they carried 488 Oration of the Mexicains to the king of Culhuacan 516 Oration that an old man made to Acama●●xtl● first king of Mexico 517 Oration of a Mexicaine knight to retaine the people incensed for the murther of their king 526 Oration of an olde Mexicaine for the election of a new king 527 Oration of the K. of Tescuco made to Moteçuma vpon his election 555 P. PAchacamac the great Sanctuarie of the Indies 334 Pacos wilfull beasts and how they be governed 319 Pallaces of recreation and affliction 563 Palisadoe horrible to beholde all of dead mens heads 362 Papas rootes whereof some Indians make a bread called Cugno 186 Papas a kinde of bread 259 Papas in Mexico were the soveraigne priests of the Idols 365 Paragu●y a river in America which overflowes like vnto Nile 88 Passage of Pariacaca very daungerous by reason of the winde 146 Passage of Pariacaca one of the highest partes of the earth ibid. P●ste of Mays called by the Indians the flesh of their god Vuziliputzl● which they eate 393 Pastures at the Indies lie common which makes flesh good cheap 299 Paltas a delicate fruite and good for the stomacke 277 Painting the booke of fooles 439 Penance inioyned by the Indian Confessors 401 Partriges none in Peru. 70 Pericol●●gero a very heavie beast 314 Parrots flie by stockes like vnto Pigeons 70 Pearles in olde time more esteemed than now 251 Peru abounding in wine 187 Peru abounds more in gold and silver then all the rest of the Indies 207 Peru what part of the world it is 183 Peru a name derived from a river of that country not of Ophir as some thinke 42 Perusiens very carefull to preserve their History by tradition without letters or characters 449 Pleasant manner of fishing at the Indies 168 P●lots why at this day they sit on the poope and not on the prowe as in olde time 55 Phisitions in former times very cunning at the Indies 289 Pines or pine apples at the Indies 262 Pinchao an idoll of the Sunne with what arte he was framed 361 Pleasant act of a Portugall whereby hee freed himselfe from sacrificing 346 Plane brings forth fruit all the yeare 267 Plane leafe fit to write on 268 Planets moove not of themselves in a corruptible body 7 Plants why they profite more at the Indies than in Europe 261 Plebeians excluded from the Kings presence and from all office by Moteçuma 557 Pliny died in too curious a search 196 Pole at the south not marked by anie sixed starre 16 Pongo the most daungerous passage in the worlde vppon the river of Amazons 176 Portugalles very expert in the Arte of navigation 17 Pot●zi a mountaine famous for the rich mines and howe they were discovered 219 Presages threatning the ruine of states not to be contemned as vain things 560 Priestes which every Indian Nobleman had like

leaving his sonne Chimalpopoca tenne yeares olde hee raigned thirteene yeeres and died thirty yeeres old or little more Hee was held for a good king and carefull in the service of his gods whose Images hee held kings to be and that the honour done to their god was done to the king who was his image For this cause the kings have beene so affectionate to the service of their gods This king was carefull to winne the love of his neighbours and to trafficke with them whereby hee augmented his citty exercising his men in warrelike actions in the Lake disposing them to that which he pretended as you shall see presently Of Chimalpopoca the third king and his cruell death and the occasion of warre which the Mexicaines made CHAP. 11. THe Mexicaines for successor to their deceased king did choose his sonne Chimalpopoca by common consent although he were a child of tenne yeeres old being of opinion that it was alwayes necessary to keepe the favor of the king of AzcapuZalco making his grand-childe king They then set him in his throane giving him the ensignes of warre with a bowe and arrowes in one hand and a sword with rasours which they commonly vse in the right signifying thereby as they do say that they pretended by armes to set themselves at liberty The Mexicaines had great want of water that of the Lake being very thicke and muddy and therefore ill to drincke so as they caused their infant king to desire of his grandfather the king of Azcapuzalco the water of the mountaine of Chapultepec which is from Mexico a league as is saide before which they easely obtained and by their industry made an aqueduct of faggots weeds and flagges by the which they brought water to their citty But because the Cittie was built within the Lake and the aqueduct did crosse it it did breake forth in many places so as they could not inioy the water as they desired and had great scarcitie whervpon whether they did expresly seeke it to quarrell with the Tapanecans or that they were mooved vppon small occasion in the end they sent a resolute ambassage to the king of AzcapuZalco saying they could not vse the water which he had gratiously granted them and therefore they required him to provide them wood lime and stone and to send his workmen that by their meanes they might make a pipe of stone and lime that should not breake This message nothing pleased the king and much lesse his subiects seeming to be too presumptuous a message and purposely insolent for vassals to their Lord. The chiefe of the Counsell disdaining thereat said it was too bold that not content with permission to live in an others land and to have water given them but they would have them goe to serve them what a matter was that And whereon presumed this fugitive nation shut vp in the mud They would let them know how fit they were to worke and to abate their pride in taking from them their land and their lives In these termes and choller they left the king whom they did somwhat suspect by reason of his grandchild and consulted againe anew what they were to doe where they resolved to make a generall proclamation that no Tapanecan should have any commerce or trafficke with any Mexicaine that they should not goe to their Cittie nor receive any into theirs vpon paine of death Whereby we may vnderstand that the king did not absolutely commaund over his people and that he governed more like a Consul or a Duke than a King although since with their power the commaund of Kings increased growing absolute Tyrants as you shal see in the last Kings For it hath beene an ordinarie thing among the Barbarians that such as their power hath beene such hath beene their commaund yea in our Histories of Spaine we finde in some antient kings that manner of rule which the Tapanecans vsed Such were the first kings of the Romans but that Rome declined from Kings to Consuls and a Senate till that after they came to be commaunded by Emperours But these Barbarians of temperate Kings became tyrants of which governements a moderate monarchy is the best and most assured But returne we now vnto our historie The king of Azcapuzalco seeing the resolution of his subiects which was to kil the Mexicans intreated them first to steale away the yong king his grand-childe and afterwards do what they pleased to the Mexicans All in a manner yeelded heerevnto to give the king contentment and for pitty they had of the child but two of the chiefest were much opposite inferring that it was bad counsell for that Chimalpopoca although hee were of their bloud yet was it but by the mothers side and that the fathers was to be preferred and therefore they concluded that the first they must kill was Chimalpopoca king of Mexico protesting so to doe The king of AzcapuZalco was so troubled with this contradiction and the resolution they had taken that soone after for very griefe he fell sicke and died By whose death the Tapan●cans finishing their consultation committed a notable treason for one night the yong King of Mexico sleeping without guard or feare of any thing they of Azcapuzalco entred his pallace and slew him sodainly returning vnseene The morning being come when the Nobles w●nt to salute the King as they were accustomed they found him slaine with great and cruell wounds then they cried out and filled all their cittie with teares and transported with choller they presently fell to armes with an intent to revenge their Kings death As they ranne vppe and downe full of fury and disorder one of their chiefest knightes stept foorth labouring to appease them with a grave admonition Whither goe you saide hee O yee Mexicaines quiet your selves consider that things done without consideration ar● not well guided nor come to good end suppresse your griefe considering that although your king be dead the noble blood of the Mexicaines is not extinct in him Wee have children of our kings deceased by whose conduct succeeding to the realme you shall the better execute what you pretend having a leader to guide your enterprise go not blindely surcease and choose a king first to guide and encourage you against your en●mies In the meane time dissemble discreetly performing the funeralls of your deceased king whose body you see heere present for heereafter you shall finde better meanes to take rev●nge By this meanes the Mexicans passed no farther but stayed to make the obsequies of their King wherevnto they invited the Lords of Tescuco and Culhuacan reporting vnto them this foule and cruell fact which the Tapanecans had committed moving them to have pitty on them and incensing them against their ennemies concluding that their resolution was to die or to bee revenged of so great an indignitie intreating them not to favour so vniust a fact of their enemies and that for their part they desired not their aide of armes or men but onely to

Moteçuma or to speake truly to Tlacaellec his Generall for the good order and policy setled in the realme of Mexico as also for the counsells and goodly enterprises which they did execute and likewise for the numbers of Iudges and Magistrates being as well ordered there as in any common-weale yea were it in the most flourishing of Europe This King did also greatly increase the Kings house giving it great authoritie and appointing many and sundry officers which served him with great pompe and ceremony Hee was no lesse remarkable touching the devotion and service of his idolls increasing the number of his Ministers and instituting new ceremonies wherevnto hee carried a great respect Hee built that great temple dedicated to their god Vitziliputzli whereof is spoken in the other booke He did sacrifice at the dedication of this temple a great number of men taken in sundry victories finally inioying his Empire in great prosperitie hee fell sicke and died having raigned twenty eight yeares 〈◊〉 to his successor Ticoci● who did not resemble him neither in valour nor in good fortune How Tlacaellec refused to be King and of the election and deedes of Ticocic CHAP. 17. THE foure Deputies assembled in counsell with the lords of Tcscuc● Tacuba where Tlacaellec was President in the election where by all their voices Tlacaellec was chosen as deserving this charge better then any other Yet he refused it perswading them by pertinent reasons that they shuld choose another saying that it was better and more expedient to have another king and he to be his instrument and assistant as hee had beene till then and not to lay the whole burthen vpon him for that he held himselfe no lesse bound for the Common-weale then if hee were king It is a rare thing to refuse principalitie and commaund and to indure the paine and the care and not to reape the honour There are few that will yeeld vp the power and authority which they may hold were it profitable to the common-weale This Barbarian did heerein exceed the wisest amongst the Greekes and Romans and it may be a lesson to Alexander and Iulius Caesar whereof the one held it little to command the whole world putting his most deere and faithfull servants to death vpon some small iealosies of rule and empire and the other declared himselfe enemy to his country saying that if it were lawfull to do any thing against law and reason it was for a kingdome such is the thirst and desire of commaund Although this acte of Tlacael●e●● might well proceede from too great a confidence of himselfe seeming to him though he were not king yet in a maner that he commanded kings suffering him to carry certaine markes as a Tiara or ornament for the head which belonged onely to themselves Yet this act deserves greater commendation and to be well considered of in that he held opinion to be better able to serve his Common-weale as a subiect then being a soveraigne Lord. And as in a comedie he deserves most commendation that represents the personage that importes most bee it of a sheepheard or a peasant and leaves the King or Captaine to him that can performe it So in good Philosophy men ought to have a special regard to the common good and apply themselves to that office and place which they best vnderstand But this philosophie is farre from that which is practised at this day But let vs returne to our discourse and say that in recompence of his modestie and for the respect which the Mexicaine Electors bare him they demanded of Tlacaellec that seeing hee would not raigne whom he thought most fit Wherevpon hee gave his voice to a sonne of the deceased king who was then very yong called Ticocic but they replied that his shoulders were very weake to beare so heavy a burthen Tlacaellec answered that his were there to helpe him to beare the burthen as he had done to the deceased by meanes whereof they tooke their resolution and Tico●ic was chosen to whom were done all the accustomed ceremonies They pierced his nosthrils and for an ornament put an Emerald therein and for this reason in the Mexicane bookes this king is noted by his nosthrills pierced Hee differed much from his father and predecessor being noted for a coward and not valiant He went to make warre for his coronation in a province that was rebelled where he lost more of his own men then hee tooke captives yet he returned saying that hee brought the number of captives required for the sacrifice of his coronation and so hee was crowned with great solemnitie But the Mexicaines discontented to have a king so little disposed to warre practised to hasten his death by poison For this cause hee continued not above foure yeares in the kingdome whereby wee see that the children do not alwaies follow the blood and valour of their fathers and the greater the glorie of the predecessors hath beene the more odious is the weakenes and cowardise of such that succeed them in command and not in merit But this losse was well repaired by a brother of the deceased who was also sonne to great Moteçuma called Axayaca who was likewise chosen by the advice of Tlacacllec wherein hee happened better then before Of the death of Tlacaellec and the deedes of Axayaca the seventh King of Mexicaines CHAP. 18. NOw was Tlacaellec very old who by reason of his age he was carried in a chaire vpon mens shoulders to assist in counsell when busines required In the end hee fell sicke whenas the king who was not yet crowned did visit him often sheading many teares seeming to loose in him his father and the father of his countrie Tlacaellec did most affectionately recommend his children vnto him especially the eldest who had shewed himselfe valiant in the former warres The king promised to have regard vnto him and the more to comfort the olde man in his presence he gave him the charge and ensignes of Captaine Generall with all the preheminences of his father wherewith the olde man remained so well satisfied as with this content he ended his daies If hee had not passed to another life they might have held themselves very happy seeing that of so poore and small a cittie wherein hee was borne he established by his valour and magnanimitie so great so rich and so potent a kingdome The Mexicans made his funerall as the founder of that Empire more sumptuous and stately then they had done to any of their former kings And presently after Axayaca to appease the sorrow which all the people of Mexico shewed for the death of their captaine he resolved to make the voyage necessary for his coronation Hee therefore led his army with great expedition into the province of Tequantepec two hundred leagues from Mexico where he gave battaile to a mighty army and an infinite number of men assembled together as well out of that province as from their neighbours to oppose themselves against the Mexicans