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ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A64914	The lives of the illustrious Romans writ in Latin by Sextus Aurelius Victor ; and translated by several young gentlemen educated by Mr. Maidwell.; De viris illustribus urbis Romeo. English.	Pliny, the Younger.; Suetonius, ca. 69-ca. 122.; Nepos, Cornelius.; Victor, Sextus Aurelius.; Maidwell, Lewis, 1650-1715.	1693 (1693)	Wing V342; ESTC R13291	41,581	228

he sided with the latter and after his Overthrow march'd the Army through the Desarts of Africa where he delivered up his Command to Scipio that had been Consul as superior to him who was but a Praetor When his party was beaten he went to Utica where advising his Son to submit to Caesar's Mercy he kill'd himself having first read over Plato's Book of the Souls Immortality and Happiness after Death U C. 〈…〉 MARCUS TULLIUS CICERO Before Ch. 61. Marcus Tullius Cicero was born at Arpinum his Father was a Roman Knight descended from King Titus Tatius At Seven and twenty years of Age he shewed his Eloquence and Boldness of Speech in the Cause between Roscius and Sulla's Party and immediately after to secure himself went to Athens to follow his Studies and was a constant Auditor of Antiochus the Academick Philosopher from thence to improve his Eloquence he went into Asia and so to Rhodes where Molo the Graecian who was the greatest Master of Rhetorick in those Days was his Tutor and is said to have wept when he parted with him because he thought the Graecians then reputed the most eloquent Men in the World would be outdone by him He was Quaestor in Sicily and in his Aedileship condemn'd Caius Verres for Extortion in his Government He governed Cilicia under the Title of Praetor and cleared it from the Robbers who had long pestered the Country In his Consulship he put to death all that were Confederates in Catilin's Conspiracy afterwards he was banished by the Malice of Publius Clodius at the instigation of Caesar and Pompey whom he had lash'd as severely as he formerly did Sulla's Party upon suspicion of their aiming to get the Government into their Hands Piso and Gabinius the Consuls were prevailed upon by Clodius to join in this Affair and had for this Service the Provinces of Macedonia and Syria assigned them Yet soon after Pompey himself asserting his Cause in the Senate he was recalled and in the Civil War sided with him upon whose Overthrow Caesar freely pardoned him after Caesar was murthered he joyned with Augustus and declared Mark Antony an Enemy to the Common-wealth When Caesar Lepidus and Antony had made themselves Triumviri there was no likelyhood of their Agreement till Tully was cut off by the Table of Proscription Antony sent Executioners to kill him and as he lay asleep at his House at Formiae he had warning of his approaching danger by a Crow which pulled him by his Cloak they killed him in his Litter as he was making his Escape and brought his Head to Antony MARCUS BRUTUS Marcus Brutus was in the Conduct of his Life like his Uncle Cato U.C. 710. he learned Philosophy at Athens Before Ch. 40. and Rhetorick at Rhodes In his youth he was amorous Antony Gallus and he were in love with Cytheris the Actress He would not go Quaestor into Gaul being opposed by some good Men. He was in Cilicia with Appius Claudius and when his Colleague was accused of Extortion by Dolabella he himself had nothing laid to his Charge In the Civil War between Caesar and Pompey he was sent for out of Cilicia by Cato and sided with Pompey however Caesar pardoned him and sent him Proconsul into Gaul yet notwithstanding all Caesar's kindness to him he was one of the Conspirators that killed him in the Senate House Hence being sent into Macedonia because Caesar's old Soldiers were incensed against him he was overcome by Augustus at Philippi and so in despair desired his Friend Strato to kill him CAIUS CASSIUS LONGINUS U.C. 710. Caius Cassius Longinus was Quaestor in Syria under Crassus Before Ch. 40. and after he was slain retreated into Syria with the Remainder of the Army He beat Osaces King Orodes''s General at the River Orontes in Syria He was nick-named Caryota because he bought up the Dates in Syria and sold them at an unreasonable rate When he was Tribune of the People he opposed Caesar and in the Civil War served under Pompey as his Admiral However Caesar pardoned him thô after all he and Brutus were the chief of the Conspirators that assassined him and cried out to one that was afraid to kill him I would have you stab him even through me Then having raised a great Army and joined Brutus in Macedonia was overcome by Antony at Philippi where thinking that Brutus suffered the same ill Fortune with himself tho he really had worsted Caesar he bade his Freed Man Pandarus put an end to his unhappy Life But some say that Antony cryed out I have overcome him before he had notice of his Death SEXTUS POMPEIUS Sextus Pompeius U.C. 714. after his Overthrow at Munda in Spain Before Ch. 36. and his Brother Cnaeus's Death got together the Remainder of the Army and passed over into Sicily where he broke open the Work-Houses and arming the Slaves block'd up the Sea and plagued Italy with want of Provision by taking all the Ships that traffick'd thither This good Success at Sea so puffed him up that he declared himself the Son of Neptune and sacrific'd to him Bulls with gilt Horns and a Horse He was facetious in Conversation for during the Peace when he treated on Shipboard Antony and Augustus Caesar he is reported to have said not improperly Hae sunt meae Carinae which might be taken in two Senses These are my Ships or This is my House which Antony had taken possession of in the Street at Rome called Carinae But soon after Antony broke the League and Sextus being beat at Sea by Agrippa Augustus's Admiral fled into Asia and was killed by Antony's Soldiers MARC ANTONY U.C. 721. Marc Antony was Julius Caesar's Companion in all his Expeditions Before Ch. 29. at the Feasts dedicated to Pan kept on the Fifteenth of February he offered to put a Diadem upon his Head and when he was killed made an Order that Divine Honors should be paid him he dealt perfidiously with Augustus Caesar but was beaten by him at Mutina starved out of Perusium and fled into Gaul where he joined himself with Lepidus and slew Decimus Brutus having first corrupted his Army Thus having recruited his Forces he returned into Italy and was in favour again with Caesar When he was Triumvir his Uncle Lucius Caesar was the first Man that he proscribed When he was sent Commander into Syria he made War upon the Parthians and was so beaten by them that he scarce brought off with him a third part of 15 Legions into Aegypt where he fell in love with Cleopatra and was routed by Augustus in a Sea-Fight on the Coast of Actium Whence he returned to Alexandria and sitting on his Throne in his Royal Robes killed himself CLEOPATRA Queen of Aegypt Cleopatra U.C. 721. the Daughter of Ptolemy King of Aegypt Before Ch. 29. being banished by Ptolemey who was both her Husband and Brother for endeavouring to deprive him of his Kingdom in the Civil Was presented her self to Caesar at Alexandria and by her Beauty and Caresses prevailed upon him to kill Ptolemey and settle the Kingdom upon her She was so lewd that she would often prostitute her self and so beautiful that many lost their Lives to possess her Love After this she joyned her Interest with Antony and was beaten with him at Actium and under pretenee of sacrificing to his Ghost at his Tomb she put Serpents to her Breasts and died FINIS

after the Muster of his Army at the Lake Capra he was never seen more From which Accident a Dissention arising between the Senators and the People Julius Proculus a Nobleman came before them and affirmed upon Oath that he saw Romulus on the Hill Quirinalis in a more splendid and august Form than heretofore as a Proof of his being Deified who commanded them to cease from Seditions and to love Virtue Thus they should become Lords of the World The Romans believ'd him as one of great Authority among them therefore they built Romulus a Temple upon the Hill Quirinalis and worship'd him as a God by the Name of Quirinus NUMA POMPILIUS Second King of the Romans After the Consecration of Romulus the People growing mutinous from a long Interregnum and the want of a Successor Numa Pompilius the Son of Pompo was sent for from Cures a Town of the Sabines He came to Rome with the assurance of good Omens and that he might soften this fierce People with a Sense of Religion he instituted many holy Rites built a Temple to Vesta and appointed the Vestal Nuns He ordain'd the three Flamens for the particular Sacrifices of Jupiter Mars and Romulus and constituted the twelve Salii Priests of Mars the chief of which was called Praeful He created the High-Priest and built a Temple for Janus who was represented with two Faces the Gates of which were shut in Peace and open in War He divided the Year into twelve Months by adding January and February and made many profitable Laws pretending he did all those things by the Direction of his Wife the Nymph Egeria None of his Neighbours made War upon him out of the great respect they had of his Justice He died a natural Death and was buried in the Mount Janiculus where many years after a certain Man by Name Terentius as he was ploughing found a Stone-Chest with fourteen Books in it which containing many slight and frivolous Reasons about their Religious Ceremonies were burnt in prudence by an Order of the Senate TULLUS HOSTILIUS Third King of the Romans Tullus Hostilius for his good Service against the Sabines U.C. 82. was made King Before Ch. 668. He proclaimed War with the Albans which was ended by a Combat of three Brothers on each side the Horatii on the Romans and the Curiatii on the Albans He demolished Alba for the Treachery of Metius Fufetius their General and commanded the Inhabitants to remove to Rome He built that Senate-House from him called Hostilia and added the Mount Caelius to the City At last as he imitated the Example of Numa Pompilius in his Sacrifices he by mistaking the Ceremonies performed to Jupiter Elicius so enraged the God that he was struck dead with a Thunder-Bolt and his Palace burnt with Lightning The HORATII and the CURIATII U. C. 86. The Romans and the Albans having for a long time carried on a War under Hostilius and Fufetius Before Ch. 664. and finding their Forces daily to decrease they resolved to determine it with the loss of a few The Romans chose out three Brothers called Horatii and the Albans the three Curiatii for this Combat in which two of the Romans were presently slain and the three Albans wounded Now Horatius who survived perceiving this and judging himself unable tho not wounded to fight with three feigned a Flight and by this Stratagem kill'd them one by one pursuing him as their Wounds would permit them The Conqueror in his return laden with the Spoils of his Enemies met his Sister who wept when she saw the Embroider'd Coat of her slain Lover one of the Curiatii This Indiscretion provok'd him in his rage to kill her for which bloody Fact he was condemned by the Duumviri two Judges appointed for that purpose But apappealing to the People with the assistance of his Fathers Supplications and Tears he obtain'd his Pardon yet to expiate his Crime he was forced to go under a Gibbet which is to be seen at this day in the High-way and called Sororium METIUS FUFETIUS Metius Fufetius U. C. 88. the Alban General observing himself much hated by his Citizens for putting an end to the War by the Combat of the Horatii and the Curiatii Before Ch. 662. to make amends secretly stirr'd up the Vejentes and the Fidenates against the Romans Now Tullus upon account of the League between them demanded Fufetius's Auxiliary Forces who before the Fight drew his Army upon a Hill expecting the Event of the Battle with a design to fall in with the Conqueror Tullus understanding his Design gave publick Notice that Metius was posted there by his Order by which Artifice the Enemies were terrified and easily overcome And when Metius came the next day to congratulate him for his Victory he was by King Tullus's Command tyed to four Horses and for his Treachery pull'd in pieces ANCUS MARCIUS Fourth King of the Romans Ancus Marcius U.C. 113. Numa Pompilius's Grandson by his Daughter was not unlike his Grandfather Before Ch. 667. either in his Justice or Piety He overcame the Latins added the Hills Aventinus and Janiculus to Rome new wall'd the City and confiscated the timber of some Woods for publick Shipping He laid a Tax on Salt-Pits was the first that built a Prison and planted a Colony at Ostia situate at the Mouth of the Tiber very convenient for Trade He also instituted the Office of Heralds to assist Embassadors in demanding satisfaction which Custom was borrowed from the Aequiculi a People of Latium and reported to have been found out by Rhesus at the Siege of Troy Thus having settled these things in a very short time he was taken away by an untimely Death and by that Misfortune could not complete the Character of so great a King as his Subjects expected from him LUCIUS TARQUINIUS PRISCUS Fifth King of the Romans Lucius Tarquinius Priscus was Son of that Damaratus of Corinth U.C. 137. who flying from the Tyrant Cypselus Before Ch. 613. settled in Etruria He was first called Lucumo and came to Rome from Tarquinii a City of the Tusci In his Journey thither an Eagle took off his Cap and after a high Flight replaced it on his Head Which Tanaquil his Wife observing she from her great Skill in Augury knew by that Omen he should obtain the Kingdom Tarquinius by his Riches and Industry rais'd himself to great Honour and became a particular Favourite to King Ancus who dying left him Guardian of his Children but he governed in his own Name and ruled with such Justice as if he had been lawful Successor He chose an hundred new Senators whom he stil'd the Inferior Order and doubled the Centuries of the Knights but durst not alter their Names being discouraged by Accius Navius the Augur and fully convinc'd of his Art by the Experiment of the Whetstone cut ●n two by a Razor He overthrew the Latins built the Circus Maximus for publick Shews and

his Enemies Eyes which Victory honoured him with the additional Name of Corvinus His Prudence was of great Consequence to the Common-Wealth when a great number of poor Debtors not able to pay their Creditors had attempted to seize Capua and forc'd Quinctius to head them in appeasing that Sedition by taking off the Debt SPURIUS POSTHUMIUS U.C. 433. Titus Veturius and Spurius Posthumius in their Consulship warring with the Samnites Before Ch. 317. were drawn into an Ambuscade by their General Pontius Thelesinus who sent out some pretended Deserters to tell the Romans that Luceria a City in Apulia was besieg'd by the Samnites Two Roads lead to this place the one longer but safer the other shorter yet more dangerous the Romans in great haste to raise the Seige by taking the shorter way fell into the Ambush the place where this Misfortune happen'd was call'd Furculae Caudinae Caius Pontius when he had taken them sent for his Father Herennius to consult his Judgment in this matter who answer'd He would either have them all killed to weaken their Forces beyond hopes of Recovery or else sent away without Ransom that they might be for ever oblig'd to him for such a generous Favour but he rejecting both these Propositions made them all Slaves and enter'd into a League with dishonourable Conditions on their part which the Romans so disliked that Posthumius their General was deliver'd up to them to disannul the Articles but not received upon that Account by them LUCIUS PAPIRIUS CURSOR Lucius Papirius from his swiftness call'd Cursor U.C. 434. was sent Dictator against the Samnites Before Ch. 316. perceiving the War to be undertook with ill Omens he return'd to Rome to consult the Soothsayers for better Divination and left the Command of the Army to Fabius Rullianus with Orders not to fight upon any Occasion yet he inticed by a fair Opportunity fought the Enemy for which Papirius at his return would have beheaded him For the safety of his life he escaped to Rome where it was not in the Power of the Tribunes to defend him nevertheless by his Fathers Tears and the Peoples Intreaty he was at last pardoned and Papirius triumph'd over the Samnites He was very pleasant in his Conversation and a great Lover of Jests as appear'd one time after having severely reprimanded the Praetor of Praeneste for his Cowardise he order'd the Lictors to make ready their Axes and when he saw him sufficiently terrified with the fear of Death commanded them only to cut up the Roots that hinder'd their March The HONORABLE Mr. ROBERT BERTIE From the Year 434. to 511. U.C. QUINCTUS FABIUS RULLIANUS U.C. 434. Q. Fabius Rullianus was the first of his Family Before Ch. 316. for his Valour call'd Maximus when he was General of the Horse under Papirius Cursor he conquer'd the Samnites but had like to have been beheaded by the Dictator for fighting without Order in his absence He first triumph'd over the Apuli and Lucerini then over the Samnites thirdly over the Gauls the Umbri the Marsi and the Tusci In his Censorship he distinguish'd the Libertini in respect of their Votes into four inferior Tribes and would not be chose Censor a second time declaring it was not for the good of the Commonwealth to have the same Men often Censors He first instituted the Cavalcade of the Roman Knights on the Ides of July from the Temple of Honor upon white Horses to the Capitol At his death so much Money was collected for him by publick Contribution that his Son made a publick Feast and gave a Dole of raw Flesh to the People MANLIUS CURIUS DENTATUS U.C. 404. Manlius Curius Dentatus first triumph'd over the Samnites Before Ch. 446. whom he conquer'd as far as the Adriatick Sea At his return to Rome he thus signaliz'd the Greatness of his Victory in an Affembly of the People I hvae taken so much Land that it would turn a Desart had I not taken so many Prisoners to inhabit it and have taken so many Men that they must perish with Hunger had I not taken so much Ground for them to subsist on He triumph'd a second time over the Sabines and thirdly enter'd the City with a less Triumph call'd Ovation for conquering the Lucanians He drove Pyrrhus King of Epirus out of Italy In the Division of the publick Lands he gave forty Acres a Man amongst the People and reserv'd but forty for himself professing that none ought to be reckon'd a Roman Citizen who could not be contented with it He was so moderate in his Desires that he answer'd the Samnite Embassadors proffering him a great Present of Gold as he was at Dinner upon roasted Turnips I had rather eat these Turnips in this Earthen Dish and govern them that possess such Riches When he was accus'd of converting to his own use the publick Money he produced for his Vindication a Wooden Cruet which he us'd at his Sacrifices solemnly swearing he never had any thing more of the Enemies Spoils in his House He brought the Aqueducts of the River Anio into Rome at the Expence of the same Plunder and in his Tribuneship forced the Senate to make the Law from him call'd Curia by which Magistrates might be elected out of the Plebeians for which many Obligations the Republick conferr'd upon him an House and five hundred Acres of Land in Tiphata APPIUS CLAUDIUS CAECUS Appius Claudius Caecus U.C. 462. in his Censorship Before Ch. 288. tho he admitted the Libertini into the Senate prohibited the Musicians from publick Feasting and playing on Pipes in Jupiter's Temple Two Families call'd the Potitii and the Pinarii had for many Ages been constituted to perform Sacrifices to Hercules he brib'd the Potitii to instruct the common Slaves in those Religious Ceremonies for which Offence he was struck blind and the Race of the Potitii utterly extinguish'd He violently oppos'd the Communication of the Consulship to any Plebeian and would not gratifie the Ambition of Fabius Rullianus to have absolute Command without Decius Mus in the War against the Samnites He conquer'd the Sabines Samnites and Hetrurians and pav'd the way as far as Brundusium whence it was call'd the Appian Road. He finish'd the Aqueduct which was brought into Rome from the River Anio and was the only Man that kept the Censorship five years together When a Peace was concluding with King Pyrrhus and his Embassador Cineas had corrupted many of the Senators Appius old and blind was brought in his Litter into the Senate and with a noble Speech broke off those base Propositions PYRRHUS King of Epirus Pyrrhus U.C. 472. King of Epirus was by his Father descended from Achilles Before Ch. 278. by his Mother from Hercules he ambitiously aimed at the Empire of the World and perceiving the Romans very powerful consulted the Delphick Oracle about the Fortune of the War whom Apollo thus ambiguously answer'd Aio te Aeacida Romanos