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A33163 Tullys offices in three books / turned out of Latin into English by Ro. L'Estrange; De officiis Cicero, Marcus Tullius.; L'Estrange, Roger, Sir, 1616-1704. 1680 (1680) Wing C4309; ESTC R26024 120,077 230

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be Protected in his Propriety and that Private men may not be dispossess'd of their Rights and Estates under the Pretext of a Publick Good It was a Pestilent Proposition That of Philip's in his Tribuneship about an Equal Partition of Lands But then it was a great Instance of his Modesty the letting of it fall so Easily again He did many Ill things to curry Favour with the People and he dropt one lewd speech too that there were not Two thousand men of Estates in the whole City What a desperate Hint was That toward the bringing of all things to a Level and all Conditions of men to a Parity One of the greatest Plagues that can befal a State For it was the main End of the Founding and Establishing of Cities and Publick Bodies that Particulars might be secur'd in their Possessions and every man safe in the Enjoyment of his Own For though men Associate by an Impulse of Nature it was Desire and Hope yet of keeping what they had gotten that made them Build Cities for their Protection It has been a Great Inconvenience that our Fore-fathers have been often put upon the charging of the People with Extraordinary Taxes which happened either through the Lowness of the Treasury or the Expence and Burthen of a Continual War This is a Course by all means Possible to be Avoided by laying in of Provisions Beforehand but if ever any Commonwealth should fall under This Necessity for I had rather foretel it of any Other then Ours as I speak This only by way of General Discourse it will be highly necessary that the People be punctually enformed of the Exigent and that there is no way for them to subsist but by complying with such a Necessity It behoves all Governors to furnish the Publique Stores with Necessaries before the Danger presses them in what Proportion and of what Kind is a matter so well known that it is sufficient the bare mention of the thing thus by the By. BUT above all things let all men in Publique Administratión keep themselves clear from the least suspition of Avarice I woùld to the Heavens says C. Pontius the Samnite that Fortune had reserved me for another Age and kept me from coming into the World till the Romans had begun to take Bribes If this had been I should quickly have put an end to their Empire Truly he must have staid a good while then sor 't is but of late that Rome has been teinted with This Evil. Now if Pontius was a man of such a Resolution as he appears to have been it is well for us that he came into the World when he did The first Law that ever we had against the Corruption of Magistrates is not as yet of a hundred and ten years standing and That was Piso's But we have had a great many Others since That time and every one still more severe then the Other How many Criminals have we had How many Condemn'd What a Confusion upon the Social War in Italy And That War excited too merely by the Guilty to save themselves from Punishment There was no longer any Course of Law or Justice but our Friends and Allies lay exposed to Seisure and Pillage without Relief And if we are not Totally ruin'd it proceeds more from the Weakness of Others then from our own Virtue PANAETIVS extols Affricanus for his Abstinence in the matter of Money And why not But still he might have found greater Virtues in him then That For That Abstinence of his was not the Virtue of the Man only but of the Times Paulus AEmilius upon his Victory over Perseus made himself Master of all the Macedonian Wealth to an Infinite Value and brought so much Money into the Publique Treasury that One Captain 's Booty deliver'd the People from any further need of Taxes And This he did without any Other Advantage to his Family than the Honourable and Immortal Memory of his Name and Action Affricanus the Younger in imitation of his Father got as little by the Destruction of Carthage and his Fellow-Censor L. Mummius as little as either of them by the Ruines of the Magnificent City of Corinth But his bus'ness was rather the Ornament and Lustre of his Country than That of his House Although in giving Reputation to the One he could not fail of doing the like to the Other But to go on where I left THERE is not certainly a more Detestable Vice especially in Princes and Publique Magistrates than Covetousness And it is not only a Mean thing but an Impious to make a Prey of the Commonwealth That which the Pythian Oracle deliver'd in the Case of Sparta looks like a Prediction not only Applicable to the Lacedemonians but to all Opulent Nations also whatsoever To wit that it was not in the Power of any thing in the World but Avarice to Destroy That Commonwealth There is no surer way in Nature for Men in Power to gain upon the Affections of the Multitude than by Frugality and Moderation But yet when out of an Affectation of Popularity they come to propound such a Levelling Division of Lands as is above-mentioned and either to Force the Right Owners out of their Possessions or to the remitting of Just Debts these People shake the very Foundations of Government In the First place Dissolving the Bonds of Concord and Agreement which can never consist with This way of taking Moneys from Some and Discharging Others And what 's become of Common Equity then when no Man is left the Master of his Own For it is a Privilege Essential to a Community that it be Free and every Man secur'd in the Enjoyment of what belongs to him Neither does This way of Confounding all things create that Interest and Reputation among the People which the Projectors may Imagine for it makes the Loser still your Enemy and the very Receiver will hardly thank you for 't neither Or at best so coldly as if it were a thing he had no great mind to Especially dissembling the Inward satisfaction of being forgiven a Debt for fear of being thought unable to Pay it Whereas the Injur'd Party will never Forget it but carry the purpose of a Revenge in his Heart Or what if there should be more to whom we Unjustly Give than there are from whom we do as Unjustly Take away This does not mend the matter One jot for we are not to judge in This case by Number but Weight What colour of Equity is there for a Man that never Had an Estate to Dispossess another of an Estate that has been many Years nay Ages perhaps in the Possession of it himself and Family and that he that Has an Estate should have it taken from him It was for this way of proceeding that the Lacedemonians Banish'd Lysander and put their King Agis to Death beyond all President of former times And there follow'd such Broils upon it that their Best Men