trade_n upon_o equal_a term_n with_o those_o three_o nation_n they_o will_v in_o acknowledgement_n thereof_o every_o three_o year_n come_v and_o salute_v his_o majesty_n bring_v present_n but_o with_o this_o proviso_n that_o the_o ship_n or_o ship_n which_o bring_v the_o ambassador_n may_v have_v licence_n to_o depart_v in_o due_a time_n without_o stay_v for_o the_o return_n of_o they_o because_o the_o vessel_n which_o be_v use_v to_o salt_n water_n can_v not_o be_v continue_v in_o fresh_a without_o very_o great_a damage_n but_o the_o ambassador_n after_o all_o their_o endeavour_n be_v not_o able_a to_o effect_v any_o thing_n be_v not_o well_o furnish_v with_o money_n the_o key_n of_o the_o work_n and_o that_o which_o give_v a_o quick_a dispatch_n to_o all_o affair_n in_o china_n for_o they_o have_v already_o dispose_v both_o of_o their_o present_n and_o silver_n and_o to_o take_v up_o money_n at_o eight_o or_o ten_o per_fw-la cent._n for_o a_o month_n time_n they_o do_v not_o think_v it_o convenient_a and_o therefore_o they_o resolve_v to_o apply_v themselves_o to_o the_o emperor_n himself_o who_o be_v please_v to_o send_v to_o know_v how_o far_o the_o council_n have_v proceed_v in_o the_o business_n and_o understand_v that_o the_o ambassador_n offer_v every_o five_o year_n to_o come_v and_o salute_v the_o emperor_n he_o himself_o be_v please_v to_o put_v out_o with_o his_o own_o hand_n the_o number_n of_o five_o and_o to_o insert_v that_o of_o eight_o out_o of_o a_o particular_a inclination_n to_o the_o hollander_n allege_v that_o they_o have_v need_n have_v five_o whole_a year_n to_o go_v and_o come_v if_o so_o be_v they_o will_v only_o travel_v by_o day_n for_o say_v the_o emperor_n how_o be_v it_o possible_a for_o they_o to_o continue_v such_o tedious_a voyage_n if_o you_o allow_v they_o no_o long_o time_n beside_o why_o shall_v we_o straiten_v they_o in_o such_o a_o point_n who_o do_v not_o stand_v in_o need_n of_o i_o nor_o fear_v i_o but_o out_o of_o a_o singular_a respect_n and_o affection_n come_v to_o salute_v i_o with_o their_o good_n and_o present_n certain_o we_o ought_v to_o use_v these_o people_n more_o kind_o that_o so_o after_o they_o have_v perform_v such_o undertake_n they_o may_v tarry_v at_o home_n and_o rest_v themselves_o for_o two_o or_o three_o year_n this_o favourable_a answer_n of_o the_o emperor_n give_v great_a encouragement_n to_o the_o ambassador_n to_o hope_v well_o of_o their_o business_n but_o the_o chancellor_n chief_a secretary_n do_v all_o that_o possible_o he_o can_v to_o dissuade_v they_o from_o make_v over_o much_o haste_n with_o what_o they_o have_v to_o desire_v further_o of_o his_o imperial_a majesty_n say_v be_v it_o not_o enough_o that_o such_o who_o never_o till_o then_o address_v themselves_o in_o embassy_n to_o salute_v his_o majesty_n and_o be_v so_o much_o prejudice_v by_o former_a aspersion_n as_o make_v they_o almost_o unacceptable_a to_o many_o great_a person_n in_o china_n be_v receive_v and_o admit_v as_o friend_n and_o ally_n at_o the_o first_o overture_n and_o have_v leave_v to_o progress_n through_o the_o country_n wherefore_o he_o endeavour_v to_o persuade_v the_o ambassador_n not_o to_o insist_v too_o much_o upon_o a_o free_a trade_n that_o be_v the_o way_n to_o unhinge_v their_o well-begun_a business_n for_o they_o be_v not_o to_o imagine_v that_o the_o emperor_n and_o his_o council_n be_v oblige_v to_o grant_v at_o first_o sight_n all_o what'ere_o they_o shall_v desire_v and_o therefore_o advise_v they_o to_o forbear_v mention_v a_o free_a trade_n till_o their_o next_o return_n when_o they_o will_v have_v a_o better_a opportunity_n but_o the_o ambassador_n do_v not_o think_v fit_a to_o follow_v his_o advice_n because_o the_o time_n draw_v near_o that_o the_o emperor_n be_v to_o make_v his_o entrance_n into_o his_o new_a palace_n when_o he_o have_v appoint_v and_o promise_v the_o ambassador_n to_o give_v they_o audience_n but_o before_o they_o can_v have_v a_o hear_v they_o be_v first_o to_o perform_v obedience_n in_o the_o old_a palace_n where_o the_o emperor_n treasure_n and_o seal_n be_v keep_v in_o regard_n according_a to_o a_o proverb_n among_o the_o chinese_n this_o place_n be_v old_a than_o the_o emperor_n and_o therefore_o choose_v and_o bless_v by_o heaven_n and_o the_o first_o honour_n do_v also_o belong_v unto_o it_o so_o that_o all_o foreign_a ambassador_n who_o refuse_v to_o pay_v such_o respect_n must_v not_o appear_v before_o the_o emperor_n but_o depart_v without_o a_o hear_v as_o it_o happen_v to_o the_o ambassador_n of_o muscovy_n who_o to_o preserve_v the_o dignity_n and_o esteem_n of_o his_o lord_n and_o master_n will_v not_o perform_v here_o the_o usual_a compliment_n and_o ceremony_n likewise_o all_o the_o grandee_n of_o the_o kingdom_n must_v do_v their_o duty_n here_o ere_o they_o appear_v before_o his_o majesty_n nay_o more_o the_o emperor_n himself_o before_o he_o be_v install_v be_v oblige_v to_o come_v and_o bow_v here_o this_o custom_n be_v usual_o perform_v by_o ambassador_n three_o day_n before_o their_o audience_n upon_o the_o 22._o of_o august_n come_v the_o agent_n of_o the_o canton_n vice-roys_n with_o the_o mandorin_n pinxenton_n and_o other_o of_o canton_n early_o in_o the_o morning_n to_o our_o lodging_n and_o not_o long_o after_o also_o appear_v three_o chinese_n doctor_n and_o some_o of_o the_o court_n in_o very_o rich_a habit_n these_o person_n conduct_v the_o ambassador_n and_o their_o follower_n in_o great_a state_n into_o a_o room_n of_o the_o old_a palace_n much_o like_o a_o library_n for_o we_o see_v none_o but_o scholar_n and_o gownsman_n with_o book_n in_o their_o hand_n from_o whence_o after_o some_o short_a stay_n we_o be_v conduct_v into_o a_o open_a court_n within_o a_o high_a wall_n where_o we_o be_v command_v at_o the_o voice_n of_o the_o herald_n to_o kneel_v three_o time_n and_o to_o bow_v our_o head_n to_o the_o ground_n after_o a_o short_a pause_n the_o herald_n proclaim_v aloud_o in_o the_o chinese_n language_n caschan_n which_o in_o english_a be_v god_n have_v send_v the_o emperor_n afterward_o he_o cry_v aloud_o quee_n that_o be_v fall_v upon_o your_o knee_n then_o he_o pronounce_v the_o word_n canto_n signify_v bow_v your_o head_n after_o that_o coe_n bid_v they_o stand_v up_o and_o this_o do_v he_o three_o time_n in_o order_n one_o after_o another_o wherein_o we_o also_o conform_v at_o last_o he_o signify_v to_o we_o that_o we_o shall_v stand_v aside_o which_o we_o do_v all_o these_o ceremony_n be_v perform_v in_o presence_n of_o at_o least_o a_o hundred_o chinese_n doctor_n or_o rabbi_n after_o which_o we_o return_v to_o our_o lodging_n and_o now_o the_o ambassador_n according_a to_o the_o custom_n be_v to_o appear_v upon_o the_o 25._o of_o august_n before_o the_o emperor_n but_o be_v prevent_v by_o the_o sudden_a death_n of_o the_o emperor_n young_a brother_n who_o be_v about_o six_o year_n of_o age_n happen_v to_o die_v upon_o the_o 23._o of_o the_o same_o month_n not_o without_o suspicion_n of_o poison_n by_o some_o of_o the_o council_n who_o it_o seem_v as_o we_o be_v tell_v do_v not_o think_v he_o worthy_a to_o live_v because_o he_o have_v provoke_v the_o emperor_n in_o some_o ill_a language_n before_o our_o arrival_n at_o peking_n but_o other_o ascribe_v his_o death_n to_o a_o violent_a cold_a he_o take_v by_o drink_v a_o glass_n of_o ice-water_n be_v very_o hot_a which_o put_v he_o into_o such_o a_o violent_a distemper_n that_o he_o die_v in_o few_o hour_n after_o the_o emperor_n seem_v very_o much_o to_o lament_v his_o death_n for_o he_o will_v not_o be_v see_v by_o any_o person_n in_o three_o day_n this_o young_a prince_n be_v keep_v a_o whole_a month_n before_o his_o interment_n so_o that_o the_o ambassador_n be_v hold_v from_o have_v audience_n of_o the_o emperor_n until_o the_o second_o of_o september_n upon_o the_o 14._o of_o august_n they_o understand_v that_o the_o ambassador_n of_o muscovy_n go_v from_o thence_o without_o audience_n because_v he_o refuse_v to_o bow_v to_o the_o seal_n of_o the_o emperor_n so_o to_o preserve_v the_o honour_n and_o dignity_n of_o his_o lord_n and_o master_n one_o of_o his_o gentleman_n come_v about_o noon_n whilst_o the_o ambassador_n be_v at_o dinner_n and_o take_v leave_v in_o the_o name_n of_o the_o all_o the_o rest_n and_o he_o desire_v likewise_o the_o favour_n of_o a_o letter_n to_o show_v in_o russia_n that_o he_o have_v find_v we_o here_o which_o be_v present_o grant_v afterward_o we_o be_v inform_v that_o this_o ambassador_n be_v not_o suffer_v to_o depart_v till_o such_o time_n as_o the_o emperor_n have_v give_v he_o a_o pass_n upon_o the_o day_n appoint_v for_o this_o long_o expect_a audience_n come_v the_o mandorin_n pinxenton_n with_o the_o agent_n and_o mandorin_n of_o the_o canton_n vice-roys_n and_o some_o
first_o recruit_v themselves_o for_o they_o find_v all_o the_o frontier_n town_n and_o place_n of_o strength_n well_o fortify_v and_o guard_v among_o all_o other_o chinese_n commander_n who_o signalise_v themselves_o in_o show_v their_o courage_n in_o their_o country_n behalf_n against_o the_o enemy_n be_v one_o maovenlung_v who_o do_v very_o great_a execution_n upon_o they_o in_o several_a encounter_n he_o be_v a_o native_a of_o the_o province_n of_o quantung_n where_o he_o have_v learn_v and_o understand_v in_o his_o conversation_n among_o the_o portuguese_a at_o macao_n several_a thing_n concern_v their_o military_a discipline_n from_o thence_o he_o have_v likewise_o bring_v with_o he_o several_a great_a gun_n which_o he_o purchase_v out_o of_o a_o netherlands_n ship_n that_o be_v cast_v away_o there_o and_o those_o he_o plant_v upon_o the_o wall_n of_o the_o chief_a city_n of_o ningyven_v the_o eastern_a part_n of_o leaotung_n and_o the_o chief_a city_n of_o leaoyang_n be_v thus_o lose_v in_o this_o new_a make_v chief_a city_n there_o happen_v to_o be_v at_o the_o same_o time_n the_o tutang_n or_o viceroy_n of_o leaotung_n with_o the_o whole_a chinese_n army_n the_o tartar_n have_v many_o time_n have_v trial_n to_o their_o sorrow_n and_o cost_n of_o the_o courage_n of_o this_o maovenlung_v have_v often_o be_v rout_v by_o he_o dare_v not_o adventure_v any_o further_a to_o cope_v with_o he_o in_o a_o honourable_a way_n but_o bethink_v themselves_o of_o some_o stratagem_n or_o politic_a device_n whereby_o to_o wound_v the_o integrity_n and_o virtue_n of_o this_o brave_a person_n and_o they_o suppose_v the_o best_a mean_n to_o assail_v he_o with_o will_v be_v fair_a word_n and_o high_a promise_n wherefore_o to_o put_v in_o execution_n this_o their_o design_n they_o offer_v he_o by_o a_o private_a letter_n which_o they_o cause_v cunning_o to_o be_v deliver_v to_o he_o half_o the_o empire_n of_o china_n if_o he_o will_v desert_v his_o natural_a prince_n with_o the_o flower_n of_o his_o army_n and_o help_v they_o to_o conquer_v the_o empire_n but_o maovenlung_v who_o will_v neither_o forfeit_v his_o honour_n nor_o oath_n courageous_o refuse_v these_o high_a offer_n and_o return_v for_o answer_n that_o he_o have_v rather_o lose_v his_o life_n than_o betray_v his_o prince_n and_o country_n the_o tartar_n find_v that_o this_o plot_n of_o they_o will_v take_v no_o effect_n and_o that_o the_o chineses_n have_v well_o provide_v against_o their_o come_n resolve_v to_o desist_v and_o to_o make_v no_o further_o progress_n in_o the_o present_a war_n which_o whole_o cease_v till_o the_o year_n 1625._o when_o sudden_o it_o break_v forth_o again_o they_o come_v and_o besiege_v the_o chief_a city_n of_o ningyven_v this_o great_o startle_v the_o chineses_n who_o think_v they_o have_v overcome_v the_o great_a difficulty_n and_o danger_n but_o maovenlung_n come_v time_n enough_o to_o the_o rescue_n and_o relief_n of_o this_o place_n and_o fall_v so_o furious_o upon_o the_o besieger_n that_o they_o be_v force_v to_o raise_v their_o siege_n with_o the_o loss_n of_o at_o least_o ten_o thousand_o man_n that_o be_v slay_v upon_o the_o spot_n among_o who_o fall_v the_o king_n be_v own_o son_n who_o death_n be_v so_o high_o resent_v by_o the_o survive_a tartar_n that_o they_o in_o a_o great_a rage_n and_o madness_n make_v over_o the_o ice_n for_o it_o be_v in_o winter_n and_o get_v into_o the_o island_n of_o theyoven_n whereof_o they_o quick_o make_v themselves_o master_v they_o put_v every_o live_a creature_n they_o find_v to_o the_o sword_n which_o be_v a_o very_a great_a number_n in_o revenge_n of_o the_o young_a prince_n which_o have_v do_v they_o immediate_o leave_v the_o province_n of_o leaotung_n and_o retreat_v into_o their_o own_o country_n not_o with_o a_o intention_n to_o be_v quiet_a but_o only_o to_o recruit_v themselves_o with_o more_o force_n and_o then_o to_o return_v again_o at_o a_o convenient_a time_n and_o hereupon_o follow_v a_o cessation_n of_o arm_n till_o the_o year_n 1627._o when_o the_o chinese_n emperor_n thienkius_n happen_v to_o die_v be_v but_o a_o young_a man_n who_o death_n prove_v to_o be_v the_o loss_n of_o all_o china_n although_o the_o tartar_n king_n of_o ninche_n call_v thienning_n who_o have_v destroy_v so_o many_o thousand_o of_o people_n by_o fire_n and_o sword_n do_v not_o long_o survive_v but_o as_o a_o attendant_n on_o his_o corpse_n die_v the_o same_o year_n thienkius_n be_v succeed_v by_o his_o brother_n who_o be_v very_o unfortunate_a in_o all_o his_o undertake_n and_o at_o length_n through_o the_o treachery_n of_o his_o subject_n have_v both_o a_o unfortunate_a reign_n and_o death_n as_o by_o the_o remain_a part_n of_o the_o history_n will_v appear_v the_o tartar_a king_n thienning_n have_v for_o his_o successor_n in_o the_o throne_n his_o son_n thientung_v who_o quick_o change_v the_o savage_a and_o barbarous_a manner_n and_o custom_n use_v by_o his_o tyrannize_a father_n insomuch_o that_o he_o do_v not_o pursue_v the_o chineses_n so_o fierce_o but_o begin_v to_o treat_v they_o with_o more_o civility_n which_o produce_v a_o very_a great_a change_n and_o cause_v all_o his_o affair_n to_o become_v more_o acceptable_a and_o certain_o this_o prudent_a and_o politic_a prince_n have_v effect_v great_a thing_n have_v he_o not_o be_v cut_v off_o by_o a_o untimely_a death_n his_o mildness_n have_v get_v so_o great_a renown_n withal_o that_o the_o council_n who_o have_v make_v choice_n of_o he_o think_v themselves_o happy_a in_o the_o change_n and_o withal_o learn_v from_o he_o by_o example_n that_o the_o chineses_n will_v soon_o be_v reduce_v and_o bring_v under_o their_o government_n by_o clemency_n and_o civility_n than_o by_o force_n of_o arms._n in_o this_o year_n 1627._o the_o commander_n and_o officer_n of_o general_n maovenlung_v who_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o quietness_n of_o the_o tartar_n have_v no_o enemy_n to_o encounter_n begin_v much_o to_o molest_v and_o be_v injurious_a to_o their_o friend_n and_o ally_n of_o coreâ—_n by_o make_v inroad_n and_o incursion_n upon_o they_o nay_o by_o degree_n they_o grow_v so_o very_o insolent_a and_o troublesome_a to_o all_o part_n adjoin_v to_o their_o quarter_n especial_o the_o inhabitant_n of_o the_o province_n of_o hienkien_n who_o be_v so_o intolerable_o oppress_v by_o their_o rapine_n that_o out_o of_o revenge_n and_o hatred_n they_o put_v themselves_o under_o the_o protection_n of_o the_o tartar_n advise_v he_o to_o re-invade_a and_o fall_v into_o china_n with_o a_o mighty_a army_n which_o he_o not_o willing_a to_o let_v slip_n so_o fair_a a_o opportunity_n immediate_o do_v so_o that_o a_o very_a great_a army_n be_v in_o the_o field_n ready_a to_o assail_v the_o chinese_n force_n before_o they_o have_v any_o thought_n of_o a_o enemy_n and_o when_o they_o least_o dream_v of_o their_o come_n who_o by_o this_o mean_n lie_v careless_o disperse_v up_o and_o down_o in_o the_o province_n be_v soon_o destroy_v maovenlung_v however_o rally_v and_o by_o the_o addition_n of_o some_o new_a levy_n and_o recruit_n be_v grow_v into_o a_o strong_a body_n he_o fight_v several_a doubtful_a battle_n with_o the_o tartar_n but_o they_o at_o last_o grow_v superior_a to_o he_o in_o strength_n and_o number_n maovenlung_v the_o chinese_n general_n be_v constrain_v to_o quit_v the_o field_n with_o the_o gross_a of_o his_o army_n yet_o neither_o the_o loss_n of_o the_o army_n nor_o greatness_n of_o the_o victory_n obtain_v by_o the_o tartar_n do_v make_v any_o great_a impression_n upon_o the_o chinese_n nor_o indeed_o be_v they_o trouble_v at_o it_o when_o they_o understand_v that_o their_o general_n have_v save_v himself_o out_o of_o the_o island_n of_o corea_n but_o the_o ninchean_a commander_n imagine_v that_o those_o of_o that_o place_n have_v be_v instrumental_a in_o help_v to_o convey_v the_o general_n maovenlung_v away_o with_o their_o army_n fall_v into_o it_o plunder_v the_o inhabitant_n and_o ruine_v the_o country_n by_o fire_n and_o sword_n this_o act_n be_v high_o disapprove_v of_o by_o the_o tartar_n king_n himself_o because_o it_o stir_v up_o the_o king_n of_o corea_n to_o arm_n against_o he_o and_o join_v his_o force_n with_o those_o of_o the_o chinese_n which_o maovenlung_v have_v be_v gather_v together_o and_o with_o they_o be_v march_v towards_o corea_n to_o revenge_v himself_o upon_o the_o tartar_n the_o tartar_n have_v thus_o inhumane_o and_o without_o reason_n turn_v their_o arm_n upon_o the_o country_n of_o corea_n be_v set_v forward_o with_o their_o army_n against_o the_o royal_a city_n thereof_o and_o be_v arrive_v at_o the_o begin_n of_o the_o mountain_n through_o which_o the_o way_n run_v to_o the_o city_n be_v about_o seven_o mile_n from_o the_o same_o here_o the_o king_n of_o corea_n in_o the_o narrow_a way_n have_v pitch_v to_o receive_v they_o and_o the_o tartar_n be_v eager_a to_o
respect_n sina_n in_o their_o language_n signify_v a_o most_o brave_a and_o famous_a country_n other_o oppose_v will_v have_v this_o kingdom_n to_o derive_v its_o name_n from_o the_o inhabitant_n of_o the_o city_n chincheu_o because_o these_o people_n drive_v only_o a_o constant_a trade_n by_o sea_n to_o most_o place_n of_o asia_n so_o that_o the_o portuguese_n and_o indian_n by_o leave_v out_o the_o same_o letter_n of_o the_o word_n chincheu_o may_v easy_o give_v it_o the_o name_n of_o china_n but_o those_o be_v in_o a_o very_a great_a error_n that_o will_v have_v the_o word_n china_n to_o be_v derive_v from_o a_o certain_a word_n cinch_n which_o by_o the_o chinese_n be_v very_o much_o use_v the_o falseness_n of_o this_o assertion_n will_v clear_o appear_v from_o hence_o in_o that_o the_o chinese_n who_o trade_n with_o the_o indian_n or_o portuguese_n to_o those_o place_n and_o go_v with_o their_o ship_n to_o india_n use_v on_o the_o score_n of_o civility_n and_o kind_a respect_n to_o greet_v each_o other_o in_o their_o mother_n tongue_n not_o with_o the_o name_n of_o cinch_n but_o siam_fw-it now_o that_o which_o appear_v to_o i_o to_o be_v a_o most_o probable_a truth_n among_o the_o various_a opinion_n of_o writer_n be_v that_o which_o the_o jesuit_n martinus_n martinii_n a_o man_n of_o great_a learning_n and_o skill_n in_o the_o antiquity_n of_o china_n have_v assert_v in_o the_o six_o book_n of_o his_o history_n of_o china_n the_o word_n whereof_o be_v as_o follow_v i_o shall_v not_o say_v he_o let_v this_o pass_v unmentioned_a which_o seem_v to_o i_o most_o likely_a that_o not_o only_o by_o the_o indian_n but_o also_o by_o stranger_n the_o name_n china_n take_v rise_v and_o original_n from_o the_o generation_n family_n or_o branch_n of_o cina_n who_o govern_v in_o china_n in_o the_o 246._o year_n before_o the_o birth_n of_o christ_n so_o that_o we_o ought_v not_o to_o call_v it_o china_n but_o rather_o the_o kingdom_n of_o sinen_n or_o cinen_n for_o in_o the_o time_n of_o those_o king_n which_o proceed_v from_o this_o branch_n the_o name_n of_o siner_n be_v first_o make_v know_v by_o stranger_n and_o especial_o by_o the_o indian_n by_o the_o indian_n the_o name_n of_o china_n afterward_o come_v into_o use_n and_o be_v follow_v by_o the_o portuguese_n after_o the_o conquest_n of_o india_n for_o this_o family_n of_o cina_n govern_v over_o the_o great_a part_n of_o the_o siner_n who_o live_v towards_o the_o west_n and_o continual_o have_v war_n with_o foreiner_n when_o afterward_o the_o court_n or_o seat_n of_o the_o kingdom_n be_v plant_v there_o receive_v the_o name_n of_o the_o kingdom_n of_o china_n this_o family_n of_o cina_n be_v rise_v to_o the_o high_a pitch_n of_o all_o prosperity_n prove_v after_o a_o great_a invader_n of_o other_o territory_n insomuch_o that_o it_o seem_v no_o wonder_n that_o stranger_n and_o remote_a nation_n have_v the_o name_n of_o cina_n so_o frequent_a among_o they_o and_o though_o the_o sineses_n call_v this_o far_a part_n of_o asia_n or_o cina_n by_o several_a name_n according_a to_o the_o govern_v family_n that_o happen_v to_o change_v yet_o however_o foreiner_n do_v reserve_v the_o first_o name_n which_o they_o hear_v and_o this_o be_v my_o opinion_n concern_v the_o original_a of_o the_o name_n sina_n and_o according_a to_o this_o assertion_n the_o first_o letter_n of_o the_o word_n ought_v to_o be_v write_v not_o with_o a_o saint_n but_o with_o a_o c._n all_o china_n be_v former_o divide_v by_o the_o chinese_n emperor_n xunus_n into_o 12_o province_n china_n afterward_o the_o emperor_n yva_n who_o take_v upon_o he_o the_o government_n after_o the_o death_n of_o xinus_fw-la about_o 260_o year_n before_o the_o incarnation_n of_o our_o saviour_n reduce_v all_o china_n into_o nine_o province_n which_o only_o at_o that_o time_n comprehend_v the_o northern_a part_n of_o china_n and_o have_v for_o their_o confine_n the_o river_n kiang_n but_o after_o that_o they_o have_v conquer_a the_o southern_a part_n by_o degree_n and_o somewhat_o civilise_v the_o inhabitant_n the_o whole_a kingdom_n of_o china_n be_v divide_v into_o 15_o province_n among_o these_o also_o they_o reckon_v the_o province_n of_o leaotung_n which_o be_v situate_v on_o the_o west_n of_o peking_n where_o the_o great_a wall_n begin_v and_o the_o hanging-island_n of_o corea_n both_o which_o pay_v tribute_n to_o the_o emperor_n there_o be_v several_a other_o island_n beside_o which_o pay_v also_o tribute_n among_o which_o the_o island_n haman_n be_v the_o chief_a lie_v in_o the_o sea_n over_o against_o the_o province_n of_o quangsi_n among_o the_o island_n which_o be_v tributary_n to_o this_o kingdom_n be_v also_o account_v the_o island_n formosa_fw-la which_o the_o chineses_n call_v lieukieu_o and_o situate_v over_o against_o the_o province_n of_o foken_n and_o also_o the_o island_n cheuxan_n over_o against_o the_o province_n of_o chekiang_n a_o very_a famous_a place_n for_o trading_n but_o of_o this_o more_o at_o large_a hereafter_o six_o of_o the_o 15_o province_n verge_n upon_o the_o sea_n as_o peking_n xantung_n kiangnan_n or_o nank_v cheaiang_n foke_v and_o quantung_v from_o hence_o towards_o the_o north_n lie_v the_o midland_n country_n as_o quangsi_n kiangsi_fw-la huquang_n honan_n and_o xansi_fw-fr and_o towards_o the_o west_n the_o other_o four_o xensi_fw-la sucheu_fw-la queicheu_o and_o junnan_n last_o this_o empire_n which_o comprehend_v 15_o kingdom_n be_v also_o divide_v into_o the_o south_n and_o north-china_n south-china_n the_o tartar_n call_v the_o kingdom_n of_o mangin_n and_o north-china_n the_o kingdom_n of_o catay_n in_o the_o first_o be_v nine_o kingdom_n and_o in_o the_o last_o six_o or_o eight_o if_o you_o will_v reckon_v among_o they_o the_o kingdom_n of_o leaotung_n and_o the_o hanging-island_n of_o corea_n by_o what_o have_v be_v already_o say_v it_o do_v clear_o appear_v how_o far_o those_o be_v mistake_v who_o write_v of_o another_o empire_n beyond_o china_n which_o they_o call_v catay_n as_o likewise_o of_o several_a town_n as_o quinsey_n cambalu_n and_o many_o other_o fiction_n whereas_o in_o truth_n beyond_o the_o great_a wall_n no_o other_o people_n live_v but_o tartar_n who_o have_v no_o fix_a abode_n but_o wander_v up_o and_o down_o the_o country_n in_o wagon_n and_o so_o travel_v from_o place_n to_o place_n as_o may_v be_v find_v at_o large_a in_o the_o write_n of_o those_o who_o have_v sufficient_o confute_v this_o great_a error_n and_o mistake_v as_o virgantius_fw-la and_o martinus_n martinii_n in_o his_o atlas_n of_o china_n among_o the_o rest_n the_o jesuit_n have_v likewise_o find_v by_o experience_n that_o beyond_o the_o empire_n of_o china_n no_o monarchy_n of_o catay_n be_v to_o be_v find_v insomuch_o that_o the_o same_o people_n who_o we_o call_v chineses_n be_v by_o the_o persian_n call_v cataians_n this_o same_o mistake_n have_v be_v likewise_o sufficient_o and_o learned_o confute_v with_o undeniable_a argument_n by_o the_o most_o learned_a jacob_n gool_n a_o person_n of_o extraordinary_a knowledge_n in_o all_o art_n of_o literature_n and_o especial_o in_o the_o oriental_a language_n and_o at_o present_a arabic_a professor_n in_o the_o university_n of_o leyden_n in_o his_o appendix_n to_o the_o atlas_n of_o china_n the_o kingdom_n of_o china_n be_v so_o enclose_v with_o several_a island_n and_o on_o the_o east_n and_o south_n with_o sea_n that_o it_o seem_v almost_o to_o be_v foursquare_a only_o two_o great_a mountain_n thrust_v themselves_o out_o towards_o the_o sea_n which_o in_o the_o chinese_n language_n be_v call_v tung_n the_o one_o lie_n by_o the_o town_n of_o ningpo_n from_o whence_o you_o may_v sail_v in_o 40_o hour_n to_o the_o island_n of_o japan_n the_o other_o great_a hill_n be_v in_o the_o province_n of_o xantung_n near_o to_o the_o town_n of_o tengoheu_o china_n situate_v in_o the_o far_a part_n of_o asia_n situation_n border_n towards_o the_o east_n south_n and_o west_n upon_o the_o great_a indian_a sea_n and_o be_v call_v tung_n by_o the_o chinese_n which_o signify_v easterly_a and_o on_o the_o north_n it_o be_v separate_v from_o the_o kingdom_n of_o ninche_n and_o nicolhan_n by_o that_o famous_a wall_n which_o be_v make_v by_o those_o of_o china_n against_o the_o invasion_n of_o the_o tartar_n high_a up_o towards_o the_o north_n it_o have_v for_o frontier_n the_o kingdom_n of_o taniju_n and_o a_o wilderness_n call_v samo_n which_o separate_v the_o north_n side_n of_o this_o china_n from_o the_o kingdom_n of_o samahan_n and_o cascar_n upon_o the_o other_o province_n situate_v towards_o the_o south_n join_v the_o kingdom_n of_o prester-iohn_n geo_n which_o by_o the_o chinese_n be_v call_v by_o one_o common_a name_n sifan_n as_o also_o tibet_n laos_n and_o mien_n likewise_o china_n reach_v as_o far_o as_o brangale_n and_o to_o some_o part_n of_o tartary_n and_o the_o mountain_n of_o damascus_n which_o
account_n of_o this_o earthen_a ware_n and_o to_o receive_v his_o duty_n which_o be_v of_o each_o sort_n the_o five_o piece_n according_a to_o the_o law_n of_o the_o kingdom_n the_o rest_n they_o afterward_o sell_v to_o the_o inhabitant_n of_o this_o village_n ucienjen_n where_o as_o they_o say_v be_v the_o staple_n of_o this_o porcelain_n trade_n which_o be_v send_v from_o this_o village_n not_o only_o through_o all_o china_n but_o also_o through_o the_o whole_a world_n we_o depart_v the_o same_o day_n from_o this_o place_n and_o upon_o the_o 26._o come_v to_o the_o chief_a city_n of_o nankang_n which_o lie_v upon_o the_o westside_n of_o this_o lake_n which_o be_v very_o broad_a and_o long_o this_o city_n be_v build_v upon_o a_o mountainous_a soil_n about_o fifty_o mile_n from_o nankang_n the_o wall_n be_v both_o high_a and_o strong_a and_o fortify_v with_o bulwark_n within_o the_o city_n stand_v a_o well-built_a tower_n the_o street_n be_v very_o full_a of_o wind_n and_o turn_n which_o make_v they_o very_o troublesome_a to_o such_o as_o use_v they_o the_o first_o street_n which_o lie_v on_o the_o left-hand_a as_o you_o come_v in_o have_v several_a triumphal_a arch_n stand_v in_o it_o very_o artificial_o build_v according_a to_o the_o chinese_n fashion_n beside_o these_o ornament_n there_o be_v nothing_o rare_a in_o this_o city_n for_o the_o house_n be_v but_o mean_a and_o slight_o build_v in_o prospect_n of_o this_o city_n lie_v several_a stately_a temple_n whereof_o the_o big_a and_o chief_a be_v build_v upon_o the_o mountain_n quangliu_fw-mi and_o juenxiu_fw-la the_o inhabitant_n round_o about_o worship_n these_o mountain_n upon_o which_o dwell_v a_o great_a company_n of_o priest_n and_o friar_n each_o of_o which_o have_v a_o little_a hutch_n where_o he_o daily_a cruciate_n and_o afflict_v himself_o by_o scourge_v and_o discipline_v his_o body_n the_o endure_v of_o which_o castigation_n make_v he_o a_o miracle_n to_o those_o people_n of_o implicit_a faith_n who_o fancy_n these_o their_o suffering_n to_o merit_v after_o death_n the_o high_a felicity_n in_o another_o world_n for_o they_o believe_v that_o their_o soul_n be_v transmigrate_v into_o other_o body_n the_o inhabitant_n tell_v we_o that_o upon_o the_o mountain_n quanglu_n there_o be_v as_o many_o cloister_n as_o day_n in_o the_o year_n they_o say_v likewise_o that_o this_o mountain_n be_v always_o cover_v with_o cloud_n and_o fog_n though_o round_o about_o the_o wether_n be_v clear_a and_o serene_a the_o country_n produce_v store_n of_o hemp_n whereof_o the_o inhabitant_n make_v themselves_o clothes_n for_o the_o summer_n which_o very_o much_o keep_v off_o the_o scorch_a heat_n of_o the_o sun_n on_o the_o westside_n of_o this_o city_n lie_v a_o hill_n which_o the_o chineses_n call_v kien_n the_o water_n that_o fall_v from_o the_o brow_n of_o this_o hill_n be_v hold_v by_o the_o chineses_n very_o sovereign_a for_o several_a disease_n the_o pool_n poyang_n divide_v the_o territory_n belong_v to_o this_o city_n into_o two_o part_n both_o which_o be_v very_o fruitful_a in_o rice_n and_o corn_n of_o all_o sort_n upon_o the_o 29._o we_o make_v for_o the_o city_n of_o hukeu_n be_v the_o four_o small_a city_n of_o the_o five_o chief_a city_n kieukiang_n to_o furnish_v ourselves_o with_o provision_n this_o city_n lie_v forty_o mile_n from_o the_o forego_n chief_a city_n of_o nankang_n upon_o the_o narrow_a of_o the_o lake_n poyang_n and_o upon_o the_o rightside_n of_o the_o river_n kiang_n which_o mingle_v with_o it_o and_o receive_v no_o small_a share_n of_o its_o water_n on_o the_o north-side_n of_o the_o city_n do_v appear_v a_o very_a pleasant_a and_o antique_a rock_n which_o hang_v somewhat_o over_o the_o river_n and_o appear_v a_o most_o delightful_a prospect_n be_v overgrow_v with_o tree_n at_o the_o bottom_n of_o this_o mountain_n stand_v a_o large_a and_o beautiful_a idol-temple_n the_o wall_n of_o this_o city_n be_v very_o thick_a and_o high_a and_o for_o the_o great_a safety_n of_o the_o city_n be_v guard_v in_o several_a place_n with_o foot-soldier_n this_o city_n drive_v a_o handsome_a trade_n be_v full_a of_o people_n and_o well_o build_v all_o manner_n of_o provision_n be_v sell_v very_o cheap_a especial_o fish_n which_o yield_v but_o a_o small_a price_n about_o this_o city_n lie_v a_o hill_n call_v xechung_a which_o signify_v a_o stone_n bell_n for_o the_o wave_n and_o billow_n which_o rise_v out_o of_o the_o pool_n poyang_n in_o foul_a and_o stormy_a wether_n beat_v against_o this_o hill_n and_o occasion_n thereby_o such_o a_o strange_a and_o ring_a noise_n that_o it_o very_o much_o resemble_v the_o sound_n of_o a_o bell._n we_o be_v no_o soon_o come_v to_o a_o anchor_n but_o the_o news_n of_o our_o arrival_n fill_v the_o whole_a city_n with_o joy_n so_o that_o both_o old_a and_o young_a come_v run_v to_o the_o shore_n to_o view_v we_o and_o our_o vessel_n who_o behold_v we_o with_o great_a admiration_n and_o fain_o will_v have_v be_v talk_v to_o we_o if_o the_o difference_n of_o language_n have_v not_o hinder_v we_o cause_v our_o trumpet_n to_o sound_v that_o old_a tune_n of_o william_n of_o nassaw_n suppose_v to_o have_v delight_v they_o but_o on_o the_o contrary_a they_o be_v so_o much_o affright_v with_o their_o brazen_a voice_n that_o they_o run_v roar_v with_o full_a speed_n for_o shelter_n to_o the_o city_n have_v provide_v ourselves_o with_o necessary_n we_o depart_v from_o this_o place_n and_o come_v to_o pengce_n the_o five_o small_a city_n under_o this_o capital_a one_o of_o kieukiang_n thus_o far_o have_v we_o proceed_v in_o our_o voyage_n upon_o the_o river_n can_v from_o kancheu_fw-la to_o nank_v from_o whence_o we_o pass_v over_o the_o pool_n poyang_n and_o so_o come_v into_o the_o river_n kiang_n which_o to_o prosecute_v the_o remainder_n of_o our_o voyage_n to_o peking_n we_o be_v to_o sail_v up_o eastward_o this_o river_n kiang_n which_o signify_v the_o son_n of_o the_o sea_n divide_v all_o china_n into_o northern_a and_o southern_a glide_v from_o west_n to_o east_n and_o receive_v several_a name_n from_o the_o province_n through_o which_o it_o run_v the_o forementioned_a city_n pengce_o lie_v thirty_o mile_n from_o hukeu_n behind_o a_o island_n on_o the_o east-side_n of_o the_o river_n kiang_n and_o have_v behind_o it_o high_a and_o famous_a hill_n it_o be_v a_o well-built_a place_n but_o far_o less_o than_o hukeu_n not_o far_o from_o this_o pengce_n lie_v a_o mountain_n call_v siaocu_n which_o be_v so_o steep_a high_a and_o inaccessible_a that_o none_o can_v ever_o scale_v the_o top_n it_o be_v surround_v with_o water_n and_o have_v on_o the_o southside_n a_o small_a but_o very_o safe_a road_n for_o ship_n in_o foul_a wether_n upon_o the_o southside_n of_o the_o river_n kiang_n lie_v also_o a_o hill_n call_v makang_v talk_v on_o with_o terror_n through_o all_o china_n for_o the_o abundance_n of_o shipwreck_n which_o happen_v near_o this_o place_n for_o if_o the_o pilot_n miss_v never_o so_o little_a his_o steerage_n they_o seldom_o escape_v bilge_v on_o the_o neighbour_a rock_n the_o ambassador_n with_o some_o of_o their_o follower_n go_v ashore_o upon_o the_o say_a island_n but_o be_v force_v immediate_o to_o return_v have_v observe_v the_o foot_n of_o a_o tiger_n which_o sort_n of_o beast_n be_v very_o numerous_a in_o this_o country_n when_o the_o chinese_n pilot_n see_v our_o cook_n go_v to_o make_v a_o fire_n to_o dress_v dinner_n they_o come_v into_o the_o cabin_n to_o the_o ambassador_n fall_v down_o upon_o their_o knee_n and_o earnest_o entreat_v that_o they_o will_v forbid_v any_o such_o thing_n to_o be_v do_v for_o that_o as_o they_o say_v there_o be_v a_o certain_a spirit_n who_o keep_v himself_o under_o water_n about_o this_o pool_n and_o appear_v in_o the_o shape_n of_o a_o dragon_n or_o great_a fish_n and_o have_v the_o command_n over_o this_o country_n who_o nature_n and_o constitution_n be_v such_o that_o he_o can_v not_o endure_v the_o scent_n in_o his_o nose_n of_o roast_a poultry_n boil_a bacon_n or_o other_o savoury_n smell_v for_o so_o soon_o as_o he_o be_v sensible_a of_o any_o such_o thing_n he_o immediate_o raise_v a_o storm_n which_o do_v infallible_o cast_v away_o the_o vessel_n the_o ambassador_n at_o their_o earnest_a entreaty_n send_v word_n to_o the_o cook_n that_o they_o shall_v be_v content_a with_o a_o cold_a dinner_n for_o that_o day_n during_o the_o discourse_n there_o appear_v play_v above_o the_o water_n two_o or_o three_o tunny_n fish_n which_o put_v the_o chineses_n into_o no_o little_a fear_n in_o regard_n they_o imagine_v the_o water-spirit_n have_v already_o give_v order_n for_o the_o cast_v away_o of_o their_o vessel_n thus_o far_o we_o have_v travel_v through_o the_o province_n of_o kiangsi_n when_o about_o noon_n we_o come_v in_o sight_n of_o two_o column_n which_o stand_v
find_v guilty_a of_o robbery_n he_o be_v brand_v upon_o the_o arm_n with_o a_o hot_a iron_n with_o two_o character_n if_o the_o three_o time_n he_o be_v brand_v in_o the_o forehead_n but_o if_o he_o commit_v the_o like_a fault_n the_o four_o time_n he_o be_v then_o whip_v and_o banish_v this_o neglect_n of_o punish_v rogue_n for_o steal_v be_v the_o cause_n why_o china_n do_v swarm_v so_o very_a much_o with_o thief_n and_o vagrant_n but_o since_o the_o tartar_n have_v be_v conqueror_n of_o this_o empire_n they_o have_v with_o great_a prudence_n and_o strictness_n redress_v those_o abuse_n and_o put_v the_o law_n in_o force_n against_o all_o offender_n insomuch_o that_o when_o i_o be_v in_o china_n petty_a offence_n be_v make_v criminal_a for_o he_o that_o be_v find_v guilty_a of_o the_o least_o fault_n be_v punish_v with_o death_n in_o the_o execution_n of_o which_o sentence_n as_o soon_o as_o any_o one_o be_v condemn_v to_o die_v his_o hand_n be_v bind_v behind_o he_o with_o a_o board_n upon_o his_o back_n whereon_o be_v write_v his_o offence_n and_o so_o bind_v he_o be_v lead_v by_o the_o sheriff_n into_o a_o open_a place_n according_a to_o custom_n either_o within_o or_o without_o the_o city_n and_o there_o he_o be_v behead_v without_o any_o further_a ceremony_n if_o it_o happen_v that_o any_o be_v pardon_v and_o have_v their_o life_n spare_v they_o they_o be_v punish_v with_o that_o extreme_a severity_n that_o oftentimes_o they_o choose_v rather_o to_o die_v than_o to_o undergo_v the_o torture_n which_o they_o must_v suffer_v to_o preserve_v their_o life_n which_o be_v after_o this_o manner_n two_o lusty_a fellow_n be_v command_v to_o beat_v the_o criminal_a upon_o the_o calf_n of_o his_o leg_n till_o all_o the_o sinew_n and_o nerve_n be_v miserable_o tear_v and_o bruise_v if_o not_o break_v and_o this_o be_v their_o ordinary_a method_n of_o punishment_n which_o be_v inflict_v without_o any_o distinction_n of_o person_n now_o as_o the_o punishment_n be_v severe_a to_o prevent_v all_o disorder_n and_o robbery_n which_o stir_v up_o this_o severity_n there_o be_v strict_a watch_n keep_v every_o night_n in_o the_o street_n which_o go_v the_o round_n through_o the_o city_n at_o certain_a hour_n as_o the_o guard_n 〈◊〉_d use_v to_o do_v in_o the_o best_a govern_v city_n of_o europe_n chap._n v._n of_o their_o ceremony_n and_o manner_n of_o burial_n and_o of_o their_o tomb_n or_o monument_n by_o what_o have_v be_v say_v in_o the_o former_a chapter_n it_o may_v appear_v that_o the_o chineses_n may_v be_v compare_v in_o many_o thing_n which_o concern_v their_o manner_n of_o live_v with_o the_o philosopher_n and_o virtuoso_n of_o europe_n but_o they_o differ_v very_o much_o in_o thing_n relate_v to_o funeral_n among_o which_o this_o may_v be_v reckon_v the_o first_o that_o those_o of_o europe_n seldom_o think_v of_o their_o mortality_n and_o so_o consequent_o take_v little_a or_o no_o care_n of_o their_o burial_n while_o they_o be_v live_v but_o the_o chineses_n be_v in_o nothing_o more_o serious_a and_o solicitous_a than_o to_o provide_v for_o their_o interment_n whilst_o they_o live_v and_o be_v in_o perfect_a health_n and_o that_o ignorance_n may_v be_v no_o excuse_n they_o put_v down_o in_o write_v how_o they_o will_v have_v the_o same_o perform_v strict_o charge_v their_o child_n upon_o their_o deathbed_n and_o and_o even_o at_o their_o last_o gasp_n to_o observe_v their_o order_n now_o there_o be_v one_o custom_n through_o the_o whole_a country_n inviolable_o observe_v which_o be_v never_o to_o bury_v any_o one_o without_o a_o coffin_n though_o it_o be_v a_o child_n but_o of_o two_o day_n old_a for_o every_o person_n according_a to_o his_o quality_n be_v lay_v into_o a_o coffin_n make_v of_o the_o best_a sort_n of_o wood_n their_o ability_n will_v reach_v to_o but_o person_n of_o more_o eminency_n be_v at_o far_o great_a charge_n for_o a_o rich_a repository_n for_o their_o poor_a carcase_n the_o first_o ceremony_n they_o observe_v when_o they_o perceive_v the_o patient_n to_o lie_v a_o die_a be_v this_o they_o take_v he_o and_o lay_v he_o upon_o a_o mat_n carry_v he_o into_o the_o outward_a hall_n of_o the_o house_n there_o to_o breathe_v his_o last_o and_o this_o custom_n though_o it_o carry_v somewhat_o of_o barbarism_n in_o it_o be_v observe_v through_o the_o whole_a empire_n by_o the_o commonalty_n but_o for_o what_o reason_n i_o can_v never_o learn_v notwithstanding_o all_o the_o diligence_n of_o my_o curious_a and_o pry_a inquiry_n but_o among_o the_o better_a sort_n a_o person_n of_o equal_a quality_n with_o themselves_o be_v suffer_v to_o die_v in_o bed_n another_o fantastic_a humour_n here_o be_v whilst_o the_o sick_a party_n be_v breathe_v forth_o his_o last_o the_o elder_a of_o his_o son_n put_v on_o his_o bonnet_n or_o cap_n and_o come_v to_o the_o bed_n in_o a_o distract_a manner_n tear_v the_o curtain_n and_o cover_v therewith_o the_o dead_a body_n which_o after_o it_o have_v lie_v a_o convenient_a time_n be_v wash_v according_a to_o the_o custom_n of_o the_o country_n and_o wrap_v either_o in_o very_o fine_a linen_n or_o silk_n some_o be_v yet_o more_o extravagant_a and_o will_v dress_v out_o the_o corpse_n with_o new_a clothes_n and_o after_o they_o be_v embalm_v set_v they_o at_o a_o table_n well_o furnish_v with_o provision_n of_o all_o sort_n and_o this_o a_o great_a but_o not_o much_o commendable_a fashion_n among_o the_o grandee_n the_o near_a relation_n of_o the_o decease_a be_v invite_v to_o this_o solemn_a though_o mournful_a entertainment_n who_o entreat_v he_o to_o eat_v and_o be_v merry_a with_o they_o as_o if_o he_o be_v live_v in_o the_o mean_a time_n the_o priest_n be_v busy_v in_o sing_v and_o perform_a the_o other_o usual_a ceremony_n as_o to_o the_o mourn_a habit_n it_o differ_v from_o all_o country_n that_o i_o have_v see_v not_o only_o for_o its_o colour_n which_o general_o be_v white_a but_o for_o the_o form_n and_o shape_n of_o it_o for_o son_n when_o they_o mourn_v for_o their_o father_n they_o clothe_v themselves_o for_o the_o first_o month_n in_o a_o course_n stiff_a habit_n hang_v down_o to_o their_o heel_n and_o tie_v about_o the_o middle_a with_o a_o cord_n after_o the_o manner_n of_o the_o monk_n of_o the_o franciscan_a order_n but_o although_o they_o lie_v aside_o that_o habit_n then_o yet_o it_o be_v a_o constant_a custom_n for_o child_n to_o mourn_v three_o year_n for_o their_o parent_n the_o reason_n whereof_o they_o allege_v in_o their_o book_n to_o be_v this_o because_o that_o parent_n carry_v their_o child_n for_o the_o three_o first_o year_n of_o their_o infancy_n in_o their_o arm_n with_o great_a care_n and_o trouble_v and_o therefore_o the_o child_n ought_v to_o requite_v their_o affection_n and_o kindness_n by_o show_v their_o duty_n in_o mourn_v after_o this_o manner_n but_o the_o time_n of_o mourn_v for_o other_o friend_n be_v much_o abbreviate_v sometime_o it_o last_v a_o year_n otherwhiles_o but_o three_o month_n according_a as_o they_o stand_v relate_v or_o affect_v to_o one_o another_o the_o legal_a time_n of_o mourn_v for_o the_o death_n of_o the_o emperor_n or_o empress_n be_v former_o three_o year_n and_o this_o outward_a show_n of_o sorrow_n extend_v even_o to_o the_o furthermost_a confine_n of_o the_o empire_n but_o now_o with_o the_o emperor_n consent_n which_o be_v open_o proclaim_v the_o month_n be_v turn_v into_o day_n so_o that_o at_o the_o present_a they_o mourn_v but_o only_o one_o month_n for_o his_o death_n but_o still_o the_o extent_n reach_v over_o all_o his_o dominion_n all_o the_o funeral_n ceremony_n be_v write_v in_o a_o large_a book_n which_o those_o concern_v peruse_v when_o a_o person_n of_o quality_n die_v whereby_o they_o know_v how_o to_o order_v his_o burial_n as_o soon_o as_o any_o nobleman_n be_v dead_a the_o son_n or_o who_o be_v next_o relate_v to_o he_o in_o blood_n signify_v the_o same_o by_o a_o book_n to_o all_o his_o kindred_n and_o friend_n upon_o the_o three_o or_o four_o day_n wherein_o the_o mourn_a be_v set_v forth_o in_o the_o usual_a term_n at_o the_o same_o time_n the_o corpse_n be_v incoffine_v and_o place_v in_o the_o hall_n or_o chamber_n which_o be_v hang_v with_o white_a linen_n in_o the_o middle_n whereof_o be_v erect_v a_o altar_n whereon_o be_v place_v the_o corpse_n and_o portraiture_n of_o the_o decease_a into_o this_o room_n come_v all_o the_o kindred_n and_o friend_n upon_o the_o three_o or_o four_o day_n clad_v in_o mourn_v and_o bring_v incense_n and_o wax-light_n to_o the_o altar_n which_o be_v once_o light_v and_o burn_a they_o tender_v their_o respect_n to_o the_o dead_a in_o bow_v and_o fall_v upon_o their_o knee_n four_o time_n a_o while_n before_o burn_v a_o little_a incense_n over_o against_o the_o coffin_n and_o
be_v image_n cut_v out_o of_o one_o hard_a stone_n and_o make_v by_o the_o command_n of_o a_o king_n who_o live_v all_o his_o life_n here_o in_o solitariness_n near_o to_o vucheu_o upon_o the_o hill_n vangkiu_fw-mi stand_v a_o strange_a image_n in_o shape_n and_o proportion_n resemble_v a_o man_n but_o attend_v with_o this_o peculiarity_n that_o according_a to_o the_o several_a temper_n of_o the_o air_n it_o receive_v several_a colour_n by_o the_o change_n whereof_o the_o inhabitant_n know_v whether_o they_o shall_v have_v fair_a or_o foul_a wether_n the_o emperor_n xius_o employ_v five_o thousand_o man_n to_o dig_v a_o passage_n quite_o through_o the_o mountain_n fang_n for_o he_o have_v hear_v of_o the_o beforementioned_a deceitful_a mountain-gazer_n who_o promise_v to_o foretell_v every_o person_n destiny_n by_o the_o shape_n of_o the_o hill_n some_o of_o who_o have_v give_v out_o that_o they_o foresee_v by_o this_o hill_n shape_n that_o another_o emperor_n shall_v reign_v wherefore_o xius_o to_o frustrate_v his_o approach_a fate_n cause_v this_o hill_n to_o be_v cut_v through_o to_o alter_v its_o shape_n near_o to_o the_o city_n ce_v upon_o the_o mountain_n loyo_n stand_v the_o statue_n of_o a_o great_a lion_n out_o of_o who_o mouth_n gush_v water_n continual_o near_o to_o the_o city_n xeu_fw-fr in_o the_o province_n of_o nank_v upon_o the_o hill_n cuke_v be_v find_v a_o great_a lump_n of_o gold_n which_o they_o say_v have_v the_o virtue_n of_o cure_v several_a disease_n the_o hill_n kieuquan_n be_v call_v the_o hill_n of_o seven_o palace_n because_o the_o son_n of_o king_n cyugan_n cause_v seven_o palace_n to_o be_v build_v upon_o it_o in_o which_o they_o reside_v and_o study_v several_a science_n the_o hill_n lin_n near_o to_o the_o city_n tauleu_n be_v very_o famous_a for_o the_o expert_a archery_n of_o one_o hevyus_fw-la who_o in_o this_o place_n shoot_v seven_o bird_n fly_v one_o after_o another_o near_o to_o the_o city_n ceu_fw-la be_v the_o mountain_n changp_v very_o much_o note_v for_o the_o birth_n of_o the_o great_a and_o admire_a philosopher_n confutius_n here_o also_o may_v be_v see_v the_o ruin_n of_o some_o city_n or_o town_n that_o former_o stand_v upon_o it_o near_o to_o the_o city_n kioheu_o lie_v the_o hill_n fang_n not_o a_o little_a frequent_v by_o reason_n of_o the_o tomb_n of_o the_o ancestor_n of_o confutius_n the_o hill_n kieuchin_n near_o to_o hanyang_n have_v its_o name_n from_o nine_o virgin_n that_o be_v sister_n and_o live_v thereon_o study_v chemistry_n near_o to_o the_o city_n cuckoe_n lie_v the_o mountain_n cuckoe_n where_o report_n say_v king_n ci_o bury_v much_o gold_n and_o afterward_o because_o he_o will_v not_o have_v it_o discover_v put_v to_o death_n all_o those_o that_o be_v employ_v in_o hide_v it_o but_o by_o chance_v a_o young_a son_n of_o one_o of_o the_o workman_n take_v notice_n of_o what_o his_o father_n be_v do_v and_o bear_v the_o same_o in_o mind_n when_o he_o come_v to_o year_n of_o discretion_n go_v and_o take_v it_o away_o with_o the_o cause_n of_o his_o father_n death_n felicitate_v his_o own_o life_n upon_o certain_a high_a hill_n of_o the_o province_n of_o suchue_n where_o it_o border_n upon_o the_o province_n honan_n lie_v a_o kingdom_n call_v kiug_v absolute_a of_o itself_o and_o no_o way_n subject_a to_o the_o emperor_n be_v of_o china_n only_o upon_o the_o account_n of_o honour_n and_o the_o maintain_n of_o a_o good_a correspondence_n the_o king_n thereof_o receive_v from_o the_o chinese_n monarch_n his_o crown_n and_o sceptre_n these_o high-land_n people_n will_v in_o no_o wise_n suffer_v the_o chineses_n to_o come_v among_o they_o and_o very_o hardly_o to_o speak_v to_o they_o the_o people_n of_o this_o kingdom_n be_v the_o issue_n of_o they_o who_o flee_v out_o of_o the_o province_n of_o huquang_n to_o avoid_v the_o outrage_n of_o the_o enemy_n of_o the_o race_n of_o cheva_n and_o betake_v themselves_o to_o these_o high_a mountain_n for_o safety_n where_o ever_o since_o their_o posterity_n have_v continue_v possess_v innumerable_a brave_a vale_n and_o incomparable_a good_a land_n which_o be_v secure_v against_o the_o invasion_n or_o inroad_n of_o any_o enemy_n upon_o some_o of_o the_o mountain_n in_o china_n be_v great_a store_n of_o wild_a people_n who_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o narrow_a and_o difficult_a passage_n to_o they_o be_v not_o to_o be_v bring_v under_o subjection_n to_o the_o emperor_n notwithstanding_o great_a endeavour_n have_v be_v use_v to_o effect_v the_o same_o chap._n fourteen_o of_o mine_n of_o all_o sort_n as_o metal_n stone_n etc._n etc._n within_o the_o spacious_a continent_n of_o this_o empire_n and_o chief_o upon_o the_o mountain_n be_v find_v many_o rich_a mine_n as_o well_o of_o silver_n and_o gold_n as_o other_o metal_n in_o great_a abundance_n yet_o to_o dig_v for_o gold_n or_o silver_n out_o of_o any_o of_o they_o be_v forbid_v although_o it_o remain_v free_a for_o any_o person_n to_o seek_v for_o gold_n upon_o the_o side_n and_o bank_n of_o river_n where_o the_o same_o be_v also_o find_v in_o great_a quantity_n with_o which_o all_o the_o country_n drive_v their_o trade_n by_o barter_v and_o exchange_v it_o away_o for_o other_o commodity_n upon_o the_o mountain_n yocheu_fw-la be_v dig_v up_o a_o green_a stone_n which_o be_v beat_v to_o powder_n afford_v the_o painter_n a_o most_o delicate_a vert._n there_o be_v also_o several_a excellent_a stone_n quarry_n among_o which_o some_o of_o marble_n whereof_o they_o make_v table_n and_o other_o curious_a ornament_n for_o their_o house_n it_o have_v such_o strange_a yet_o natural_a vein_n that_o by_o their_o concentr_n the_o shape_n of_o hill_n water_n tree_n flower_n be_v so_o admirable_o figure_v upon_o the_o same_o as_o if_o the_o most_o exquisite_a artist_n of_o the_o world_n have_v depict_v they_o with_o his_o pencil_n in_o the_o province_n of_o peking_n be_v find_v very_o clear_a white_a and_o red_a marble_n as_o also_o touchstone_n and_o several_a other_o sort_n of_o stone_n which_o for_o colour_n and_o hardness_n be_v much_o value_v and_o upon_o the_o mountain_n xaitung_n in_o the_o province_n of_o xansi_fw-la the_o jasper_n of_o several_a colour_n be_v find_v as_o also_o in_o xensi_fw-la upon_o the_o hill_n io_n be_v very_o clear_a stone_n which_o for_o their_o lustre_n and_o sparkle_a resemble_v diamond_n out_o of_o mount_n kiun_n be_v dig_v red_a marble_n in_o suchue_n on_o mount_n tiexe_n grow_v a_o stone_n which_o be_v burn_v in_o the_o fire_n yield_v iron_n very_o fit_a to_o make_v sword_n the_o hill_n cucay_n near_a chingtien_n bring_v forth_o tree_n and_o stone_n red_a of_o colour_n and_o in_o the_o province_n of_o huquang_n all_o the_o product_n of_o the_o hill_n hoan_n which_o signify_v the_o yellow_a hill_n even_o to_o the_o earth_n and_o stone_n be_v of_o a_o gold_n colour_n there_o be_v several_a other_o hill_n which_o produce_v strange_a and_o precious_a stone_n as_o the_o hill_n 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successor_n in_o your_o empire_n though_o there_o be_v many_o other_o better_a able_a to_o advise_v in_o a_o point_n of_o so_o high_a a_o nature_n yet_o i_o shall_v acquaint_v you_o with_o that_o which_o i_o suppose_v and_o hope_n may_v tend_v to_o your_o own_o and_o the_o empire_n good_n there_o be_v say_v he_o proceed_v a_o husbandman_n your_o subject_n and_o a_o bachelor_n look_v upon_o by_o all_o people_n for_o a_o very_a honest_a man_n who_o for_o his_o piety_n virtue_n and_o good_a disposition_n be_v so_o belove_v and_o respect_v among_o his_o neighbour_n that_o they_o will_v give_v or_o lend_v he_o their_o money_n land_n and_o house_n without_o ask_v and_o so_o great_a be_v their_o opinion_n of_o his_o prudence_n that_o upon_o all_o occasion_n they_o ask_v his_o advice_n and_o follow_v it_o his_o name_n be_v xunus_n who_o by_o his_o virtuous_a and_o exemplary_a life_n have_v reclaim_v many_o vicious_a and_o debauch_a person_n and_o bring_v they_o to_o be_v imitator_n of_o his_o 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that_o you_o must_v serve_v not_o enslave_v the_o people_n and_o so_o they_o will_v love_v and_o not_o fear_v you_o for_o this_o reason_n a_o king_n exceed_v all_o his_o subject_n because_o he_o alone_o be_v to_o take_v care_n and_o to_o watch_v over_o all_o the_o rest_n have_v thus_o say_v he_o yield_v up_o the_o ghost_n for_o who_o xunus_n mourn_v not_o as_o one_o friend_n for_o another_o but_o as_o a_o son_n for_o his_o father_n for_o according_a to_o the_o custom_n of_o the_o country_n where_o son_n lament_v their_o parent_n death_n he_o leave_v the_o government_n whole_o to_o his_o council_n and_o continue_v three_o whole_a year_n at_o the_o grave_a of_o his_o prince_n without_o remove_v from_o it_o this_o solemnity_n of_o grief_n be_v past_a and_o xunus_n return_v to_o the_o exercise_n of_o his_o government_n he_o quick_o give_v proof_n of_o his_o prudence_n and_o clemency_n which_o cause_v he_o to_o be_v very_o much_o belove_v by_o his_o subject_n it_o be_v report_v that_o in_o 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die_v and_o his_o elder_a son_n take_v it_o ill_o thas_o yuus_n shall_v be_v prefer_v before_o he_o in_o regard_n he_o take_v it_o for_o grant_v that_o the_o sceptre_n do_v by_o hereditary_a right_n belong_v unto_o he_o he_o endeavour_v to_o seat_v himself_o in_o the_o imperial_a throne_n by_o force_n of_o arm_n but_o what_o stratagem_n policy_n or_o force_v soever_o he_o use_v all_o prove_v vain_a â—or_a he_o can_v not_o prevail_v the_o generality_n of_o the_o people_n adhere_v cordial_o to_o yuus_n in_o regard_n they_o judge_v he_o most_o deserve_v of_o the_o crown_n which_o according_o be_v settle_v upon_o he_o though_o not_o without_o some_o trouble_n this_o yuus_n be_v the_o founder_n of_o the_o first_o chinese_n imperial_a race_n which_o he_o cause_v to_o be_v style_v hiaa_n and_o the_o last_o of_o the_o elect_a emperor_n for_o when_o the_o royal_a chair_n after_o his_o death_n become_v void_a his_o son_n be_v unanimous_o admit_v to_o succeed_v he_o and_o from_o that_o time_n the_o manner_n and_o custom_n of_o election_n be_v change_v into_o a_o hereditary_a succession_n from_o father_n to_o son_n this_o royal_a race_n or_o family_n which_o have_v its_o beginning_n in_o the_o beforementioned_a yuus_n in_o the_o year_n 2207_o before_o christ_n birth_n sway_v the_o imperial_a sceptre_n four_o hundred_o forty_o one_o year_n in_o a_o continue_a line_n of_o seventeen_o emperor_n who_o succeed_v each_o other_o in_o the_o government_n of_o china_n this_o race_n be_v extinct_a for_o want_v of_o issue_n arise_v the_o family_n of_o xanga_n whereof_o the_o emperor_n tangus_n in_o the_o year_n 1766_o before_o christ_n birth_n be_v the_o first_o who_o call_v it_o xanga_n from_o a_o lordship_n of_o the_o same_o name_n he_o possess_v this_o family_n produce_v twenty_o eight_o emperor_n who_o sit_v upon_o the_o throne_n successive_o for_o six_o hundred_o year_n and_o upward_o to_o the_o year_n 1122_o before_o the_o birth_n of_o christ._n this_o line_n be_v extinct_a in_o 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who_o be_v bear_v great_a cham_n of_o tartary_n and_o thus_o have_v lead_v you_o as_o it_o be_v by_o the_o hand_n to_o the_o tartar_n government_n it_o will_v not_o be_v amiss_o to_o show_v you_o as_o brief_o as_o the_o subject_n will_v bear_v as_o well_o the_o cause_n as_o the_o manner_n of_o that_o terrible_a devastation_n which_o not_o only_o extirpate_v the_o same_o family_n but_o bring_v the_o whole_a country_n to_o the_o slavish_a subjection_n of_o their_o uncivilise_v barbarism_n the_o tartar_n who_o for_o antiquity_n go_v beyond_o all_o other_o people_n in_o asia_n and_o from_o who_o many_o and_o several_a nation_n be_v spring_v do_v in_o the_o year_n 2158_o before_o christ_n birth_n make_v very_o bloody_a war_n against_o the_o chinese_n wherein_o they_o be_v sometime_o conqueror_n possess_v the_o land_n and_o at_o other_o time_n conquer_v and_o drive_v out_o again_o now_o it_o be_v to_o be_v observe_v that_o under_o the_o name_n of_o tartar_n i_o understand_v here_o those_o 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terrible_a as_o those_o in_o this_o our_o age_n for_o thereby_o the_o tartar_n have_v not_o only_o make_v themselves_o master_n of_o all_o the_o say_a empire_n but_o extirpated_a the_o last_o royal_a line_n that_o there_o be_v not_o any_o vestigium_fw-la or_o trace_v leave_v of_o they_o in_o be_v in_o short_a that_o the_o occasion_n of_o this_o last_o war_n may_v be_v the_o more_o full_o and_o clear_o understand_v i_o shall_v relate_v unto_o you_o the_o two_o first_o conquest_n of_o china_n by_o way_n of_o proemium_fw-la you_o must_v first_o then_o take_v notice_n that_o the_o people_n of_o west-tartary_n after_o they_o have_v bring_v under_o their_o power_n almost_o all_o asia_n which_o be_v the_o fruitfull_a part_n of_o the_o inhabit_a world_n fall_v upon_o the_o empire_n of_o china_n about_o the_o year_n 1206_o before_o christ_n birth_n which_o be_v continue_v as_o be_v
do_v so_o close_o as_o they_o suppose_v they_o present_o imagine_v they_o have_v weather_v the_o point_n and_o overcome_v all_o difficulty_n but_o they_o be_v not_o a_o little_a disappoint_v in_o their_o expectation_n for_o his_o son_n who_o like_o his_o father_n be_v of_o a_o princely_a and_o warlike_a spirit_n be_v substitute_v in_o his_o place_n as_o soon_o as_o settle_v in_o the_o throne_n and_o at_o peace_n with_o his_o neighbour_n raise_v a_o great_a army_n with_o a_o intention_n to_o invade_v china_n in_o revenge_n of_o his_o father_n death_n the_o chief_a grandee_n and_o councillor_n of_o his_o kingdom_n encourage_v he_o in_o this_o design_n whereupon_o in_o the_o year_n 1616_o he_o come_v with_o a_o very_a great_a army_n to_o the_o great_a wall_n of_o partition_n between_o tartary_n and_o china_n with_o hope_n to_o pass_v there_o which_o succeed_v according_a to_o his_o desire_n for_o after_o a_o sharp_a skirmish_n the_o chineses_n betake_v themselves_o to_o flight_n leave_v 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lay_v open_a the_o deceitful_a carriage_n of_o his_o governor_n in_o many_o particular_n but_o chief_o in_o the_o misusage_n of_o his_o subject_n in_o their_o trade_n and_o commerce_n and_o the_o like_a he_o likewise_o desire_v that_o the_o emperor_n will_v not_o harbour_v a_o hard_a opinion_n but_o pass_v a_o just_a censure_n upon_o his_o action_n and_o undertake_n and_o cause_v condign_a punishment_n to_o be_v inflict_v upon_o his_o governor_n last_o of_o all_o he_o desire_v that_o the_o emperor_n will_v quit_v he_o the_o yearly_a tax_n which_o he_o pay_v to_o defray_v the_o charge_n of_o this_o war_n and_o upon_o performance_n of_o these_o thing_n he_o promise_v to_o quit_v the_o city_n he_o have_v take_v and_o to_o retreat_v with_o his_o army_n beyond_o the_o wall_n and_o that_o the_o inhabitant_n of_o china_n shall_v be_v receive_v and_o treat_v in_o ninche_n as_o friend_n and_o ally_n for_o the_o bearer_n of_o this_o letter_n the_o king_n of_o ninche_n to_o make_v it_o the_o 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ground_v upon_o weighty_a reason_n and_o not_o without_o great_a cause_n yet_o he_o take_v the_o business_n so_o little_a to_o heart_n and_o judge_v it_o of_o so_o small_a consequence_n as_o not_o worthy_a to_o be_v debate_v in_o his_o presence_n and_o so_o refer_v it_o to_o the_o consideration_n of_o some_o of_o the_o council_n or_o rather_o true_o to_o some_o of_o his_o governor_n and_o commander_n who_o have_v labour_v all_o they_o can_v at_o court_n that_o it_o may_v be_v transmit_v to_o they_o that_o so_o they_o may_v show_v their_o pride_n in_o not_o answer_v the_o letter_n of_o a_o tartar_n king_n for_o to_o that_o height_n be_v their_o insufferable_a arrogance_n grow_v that_o they_o think_v it_o a_o undervalue_v to_o their_o honour_n and_o grandeur_n to_o return_v any_o answer_n unto_o it_o but_o in_o stead_n thereof_o signify_v their_o high_a displeasure_n that_o people_n subject_n unto_o they_o and_o who_o pay_v tax_n yearly_a to_o the_o emperor_n shall_v take_v upon_o they_o 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this_o confederacy_n against_o licungzus_n be_v not_o so_o private_o carry_v but_o he_o have_v intelligence_n thereof_o but_o when_o the_o news_n be_v bring_v he_o that_o they_o be_v not_o only_o join_v but_o upon_o their_o march_n against_o he_o it_o strike_v such_o a_o terror_n into_o the_o robber_n that_o he_o present_o quit_v the_o imperial_a city_n of_o peking_n not_o dare_v to_o stay_v or_o abide_v their_o come_n and_o flee_v into_o the_o province_n of_o xensi_fw-la for_o safety_n take_v with_o he_o all_o that_o be_v of_o value_n and_o seat_v himself_o in_o the_o chief_a city_n of_o sigan_n former_o the_o court_n of_o the_o ancient_a emperor_n as_o a_o testimony_n of_o the_o greatness_n of_o the_o treasure_n that_o be_v carry_v out_o of_o peking_n by_o this_o fly_a tyrant_n and_o his_o follower_n it_o be_v most_o certain_a that_o seven_o or_o eight_o day_n be_v spend_v whole_o about_o load_v of_o wagon_n and_o horse_n with_o the_o same_o and_o yet_o they_o leave_v great_a store_n 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have_v wage_v war_n and_o fight_v so_o many_o bloody_a battle_n for_o many_o age_n and_o although_o at_o this_o time_n which_o be_v at_o the_o very_a first_o entrance_n the_o tartar_n king_n zungteus_n happen_v to_o die_v yet_o which_o be_v very_o observable_a they_o be_v not_o thereby_o deter_v from_o pursue_v their_o design_v conquest_n but_o endeavour_v both_o by_o cunning_a and_o policy_n to_o win_v the_o heart_n of_o the_o chineses_n to_o affect_v they_o for_o though_o the_o death_n of_o zungteus_n give_v a_o little_a check_n to_o their_o affair_n yet_o through_o his_o good_a conduct_n while_o he_o live_v he_o have_v open_v such_o a_o way_n for_o they_o that_o they_o easy_o see_v in_o what_o method_n to_o proceed_v for_o the_o gain_n of_o the_o whole_a empire_n he_o leave_v behind_o he_o a_o son_n who_o be_v but_o six_o year_n old_a who_o he_o declare_v his_o successor_n upon_o his_o deathbed_n enjoin_v and_o conjure_v his_o own_o brother_n prudent_o to_o supervise_v and_o govern_v the_o great_a transaction_n of_o his_o dominion_n during_o his_o minority_n the_o elder_a of_o these_o brother_n have_v the_o great_a hand_n in_o the_o management_n of_o affair_n which_o he_o most_o faithful_o perform_v effect_v very_o great_a thing_n the_o robber_n licungzus_n be_v thus_o expel_v from_o his_o usurpation_n usanguejus_n endeavour_v to_o settle_v again_o in_o the_o throne_n the_o next_o heir_n of_o the_o family_n and_o race_n of_o taiminga_n and_o with_o the_o more_o applause_n to_o effect_v it_o he_o return_v his_o hearty_a thanks_o to_o the_o tartar_n for_o their_o faithful_a assistance_n and_o service_n high_o commend_v their_o courage_n show_v in_o drive_v out_o the_o robber_n after_o this_o compliment_n perform_v he_o proffer_v they_o the_o promise_v present_n with_o request_n that_o upon_o receive_v the_o same_o they_o will_v depart_v out_o of_o china_n and_o for_o the_o future_a forget_v the_o old_a injury_n which_o they_o have_v now_o sufficient_o revenge_v but_o usanguejus_n receive_v from_o they_o a_o answer_v quite_o contrary_a to_o his_o expectation_n which_o they_o have_v long_o since_o in_o their_o thought_n frame_v in_o these_o word_n it_o seem_v to_o we_o although_o perhaps_o you_o shall_v judge_v it_o otherwise_o as_o yet_o too_o soon_o for_o you_o to_o part_v with_o we_o china_n be_v not_o yet_o free_a from_o arm_a thief_n but_o still_o too_o much_o overrun_v with_o they_o you_o may_v easy_o imagine_v how_o great_a a_o danger_n be_v still_o imminent_a over_o your_o head_n in_o regard_n the_o grand_a robber_n licungzus_n have_v settle_v himself_o in_o sigan_n the_o chief_a city_n of_o the_o province_n of_o xensi_fw-la we_o have_v new_o strike_v a_o fear_n and_o terror_n into_o he_o but_o if_o he_o be_v once_o inform_v of_o our_o departure_n he_o will_v soon_o re-invade_a the_o throne_n with_o fresh_a force_n and_o re-conqu_a the_o whole_a and_o then_o in_o regard_n of_o the_o great_a distance_n that_o will_v be_v between_o we_o it_o will_v be_v impossible_a for_o we_o to_o come_v timely_a enough_o to_o your_o assistance_n wherefore_o we_o judge_v it_o better_o for_o we_o now_o we_o be_v here_o and_o before_o our_o departure_n whole_o to_o destroy_v these_o plunderer_n and_o then_o all_o be_v in_o peace_n and_o quietness_n your_o new_a choose_a prince_n for_o the_o future_a will_v be_v free_v from_o any_o new_a trouble_n as_o to_o your_o promise_n never_o think_v of_o they_o for_o they_o be_v as_o well_o perform_v by_o you_o as_o by_o we_o but_o if_o your_o intention_n aim_v at_o the_o public_a good_a march_v with_o a_o potent_a army_n against_o licungzus_n and_o force_v he_o to_o leave_v that_o city_n while_o we_o in_o the_o mean_a time_n will_v endeavour_v to_o drive_v the_o other_o robber_n out_o of_o the_o province_n of_o xantung_n and_o in_o the_o do_n of_o this_o the_o whole_a empire_n will_v be_v settle_v in_o peace_n usanguejus_n who_o either_o do_v not_o perceive_v the_o craftiness_n of_o the_o tartar_n of_o else_o dissemble_v his_o knowledge_n on_o purpose_n at_o present_a not_o to_o provoke_v he_o agree_v at_o last_o to_o his_o proposal_n and_o permit_v he_o with_o his_o force_n to_o continue_v in_o china_n but_o the_o tartar_n in_o pursuance_n of_o their_o long_a intend_a design_n before_o they_o begin_v their_o march_n at_o the_o request_n of_o usanguejus_n with_o their_o army_n into_o china_n to_o drive_v out_o licungzus_n have_v send_v into_o their_o own_o country_n to_o raise_v a_o mighty_a army_n with_o all_o speed_n for_o the_o conquest_n thereof_o yet_o the_o better_a to_o palliate_v their_o practice_n they_o use_v no_o force_n against_o the_o chinese_n but_o keep_v they_o in_o hand_n with_o kind_n and_o crafty_a language_n till_o they_o have_v get_v their_o force_n out_o of_o tartary_n who_o bring_v with_o they_o their_o young_a king_n of_o six_o year_n old_a call_v xunteus_fw-la whereby_o they_o first_o give_v to_o understand_v that_o they_o aim_v at_o the_o sovereignty_n for_o no_o soon_o be_v their_o new-raised_a potent_a army_n arrive_v but_o they_o proclaim_v this_o young_a child_n emperor_n of_o china_n give_v he_o the_o name_n of_o xunchi_n and_o entitle_v his_o race_n taicung_n this_o child_n who_o yet_o live_v and_o reign_v in_o china_n and_o be_v now_o about_o twenty_o nine_o year_n of_o age_n be_v place_v with_o great_a majesty_n in_o the_o ancient_a imperial_a throne_n through_o the_o good_a conduct_n of_o his_o uncle_n and_o near_a relation_n who_o prove_v very_o faithful_a to_o he_o be_v entrust_v with_o the_o sole_a management_n of_o all_o affair_n and_o of_o so_o great_a courage_n and_o valour_n civil_a love_a and_o just_a deportment_n that_o they_o win_v the_o heart_n of_o the_o chinese_n upon_o the_o very_a day_n of_o this_o new_a emperor_n instalment_n there_o be_v send_v in_o his_o name_n by_o the_o advice_n of_o his_o uncle_n a_o regiment_n or_o two_o of_o tartar_n to_o usanguejus_n who_o be_v upon_o his_o march_n towards_o the_o province_n of_o xensi_fw-la to_o fight_v with_o licungzus_n with_o seal_a letter_n whereby_o he_o be_v constitute_v king_n pingsi_n which_o signify_v a_o pacifier_n of_o the_o west_n the_o chief_a city_n sigan_n order_v to_o be_v his_o court_n and_o that_o he_o shall_v pay_v some_o yearly_a tribute_n in_o token_n of_o his_o obedience_n this_o policy_n do_v the_o guardian_n of_o the_o young_a emperor_n use_v to_o satisfy_v and_o gain_v usanguejus_n to_o their_o party_n for_o they_o know_v very_o well_o that_o the_o interest_n which_o he_o have_v in_o china_n be_v sufficient_a to_o embroil_v the_o affair_n of_o the_o tartar_n and_o involve_v they_o in_o new_a trouble_n usanguejus_n who_o can_v never_o expect_v the_o like_a preferment_n from_o the_o chinese_n emperor_n consider_v that_o all_o the_o last_o emperor_n child_n be_v dead_a and_o see_v the_o tartar_n upon_o their_o march_n
whatsoever_o they_o find_v upon_o the_o north_n side_n of_o the_o river_n kiang_n no_o place_n be_v able_a to_o withstand_v they_o only_o the_o rich_a and_o famous_a city_n of_o jangcheu_fw-la make_v some_o considerable_a resistance_n and_o kill_v many_o of_o the_o tartar_n in_o their_o sally_n among_o who_o be_v a_o son_n of_o one_o of_o their_o petty_a king_n this_o city_n be_v command_v by_o one_o zuus_fw-la colaus_n place_v there_o by_o the_o new_a emperor_n to_o who_o he_o prove_v very_o faithful_a for_o he_o defend_v the_o place_n wherein_o be_v a_o strong_a garrison_n to_o the_o very_a last_o yet_o have_v endure_v a_o long_a and_o cruel_a siege_n and_o see_v no_o likelihood_n of_o relief_n the_o provision_n also_o be_v all_o spend_v he_o be_v force_v to_o deliver_v it_o up_o to_o the_o tartar_n who_o put_v all_o as_o well_o the_o soldier_n as_o inhabitant_n to_o the_o sword_n plunder_v the_o city_n and_o afterward_o set_v it_o on_o fire_n the_o tartar_n hereupon_o increase_v very_o much_o in_o power_n and_o authority_n so_o that_o many_o of_o the_o chinese_n commander_n go_v over_o to_o they_o and_o be_v either_o continue_v in_o their_o present_a employment_n or_o else_o prefer_v to_o better_a which_o friendly_a and_o favourable_a treat_v such_o officer_n and_o city_n as_o come_v voluntary_o and_o without_o force_n over_o to_o they_o and_o on_o the_o other_o hand_n inflict_v such_o great_a severity_n and_o cruelty_n on_o such_o as_o make_v opposition_n be_v the_o cause_n that_o most_o of_o the_o place_n situate_v on_o the_o north_n side_n of_o the_o river_n kiang_n submit_v themselves_o to_o avoid_v the_o punishment_n and_o misusage_n which_o they_o shall_v otherwise_o undergo_v by_o make_v opposition_n have_v subdue_v these_o place_n the_o next_o thing_n they_o undertake_v be_v against_o the_o city_n of_o nank_v former_o the_o court_n of_o the_o ancient_a emperor_n a_o stately_a city_n lie_v upon_o the_o south_n side_n of_o the_o river_n kiang_n which_o separate_v the_o whole_a empire_n of_o china_n into_o the_o southern_a and_o northern_a division_n and_o run_v quite_o through_o the_o middle_n of_o this_o province_n and_o the_o better_a to_o accomplish_v their_o design_n and_o to_o get_v the_o new_a emperor_n into_o their_o hand_n who_o they_o know_v be_v in_o this_o place_n the_o tartar_n provide_v beforehand_o great_a number_n of_o boat_n to_o transport_v they_o over_o the_o river_n but_o the_o chinese_n have_v likewise_o a_o considerable_a fleet_n under_o the_o command_n of_o the_o valiant_a prince_n hoangchoang_v endeavour_v to_o hinder_v their_o passage_n the_o tartar_n in_o their_o boat_n fall_v upon_o the_o chinese_n fleet_n with_o great_a fury_n which_o be_v as_o manful_o receive_v and_o maintain_v the_o fight_n so_o that_o both_o side_n fight_v valiant_o but_o at_o last_o the_o tartar_n be_v vanquish_v and_o total_o rout_v with_o a_o very_a great_a slaughter_n of_o their_o men._n but_o fortune_n never_o constant_a but_o in_o her_o inconstancy_n do_v not_o long_o favour_v this_o brave_a general_n for_o a_o while_n after_o he_o be_v most_o treacherous_o kill_v by_o one_o of_o his_o commander_n a_o traitor_n who_o have_v long_o before_o be_v hire_v by_o the_o enemy_n to_o perpetrate_v this_o villainy_n one_o thienus_n a_o native_a of_o the_o province_n of_o leaotung_n who_o from_o his_o very_a childhood_n have_v serve_v among_o the_o chinese_n and_o as_o this_o act_n in_o itself_o be_v direful_a so_o the_o event_n that_o follow_v have_v a_o like_a miserable_a issue_n for_o through_o the_o unfortunate_a death_n of_o this_o excellent_a commander_n the_o chinese_n affair_n begin_v infinite_o to_o decline_v and_o the_o whole_a empire_n become_v a_o prey_n to_o the_o tartar_n in_o a_o short_a time_n after_o the_o traitor_n thienus_n not_o satisfy_v in_o have_v commit_v this_o foul_a action_n but_o resolve_v to_o add_v villainy_n to_o villainy_n fly_v with_o his_o man_n into_o nank_v under_o colour_n of_o perform_v his_o duty_n as_o a_o faithful_a officer_n but_o in_o truth_n with_o hope_n to_o effect_v some_o other_o treason_n as_o he_o afterward_o do_v for_o the_o emperor_n hear_v of_o the_o death_n of_o the_o late_a general_n be_v persuade_v by_o this_o thienus_n to_o leave_v the_o city_n as_o soon_o as_o the_o tartar_n who_o be_v get_v over_o the_o river_n with_o their_o army_n understand_v that_o the_o emperor_n be_v flee_v they_o send_v great_a party_n in_o pursuit_n of_o he_o who_o the_o traitor_n be_v present_a see_v approach_n command_v his_o man_n to_o seize_v he_o and_o then_o deliver_v he_o up_o to_o the_o tartar_n in_o july_n 1645._o who_o now_o have_v obtain_v what_o they_o aim_v at_o do_v not_o present_o put_v he_o to_o death_n but_o carry_v he_o about_o in_o triumph_n and_o at_o length_n bring_v he_o under_o the_o wall_n of_o the_o chief_a city_n of_o peking_n there_o strangle_v he_o with_o a_o bowstring_n which_o manner_n of_o death_n be_v hold_v in_o great_a esteem_n among_o the_o tartar_n and_o thus_o the_o emperor_n hungquang_n come_v to_o his_o end_n before_o he_o have_v reign_v a_o complete_a year_n then_o they_o cause_v the_o youth_n who_o pretend_v himself_o to_o be_v the_o son_n of_o zungchinius_n and_o who_o they_o find_v in_o prison_n to_o be_v also_o strangle_v and_o not_o only_o these_o but_o all_o other_o they_o can_v meet_v with_o of_o the_o royal_a race_n for_o it_o be_v a_o custom_n through_o all_o asia_n that_o when_o a_o kingdom_n be_v take_v from_o another_o all_o the_o kindred_n of_o that_o king_n be_v put_v to_o death_n by_o the_o conqueror_n these_o thing_n thus_o bring_v to_o pass_v the_o tartar_n army_n fall_v upon_o the_o chief_a city_n of_o nank_v and_o take_v the_o same_o without_o any_o resistance_n or_o so_o much_o as_o â—_o blow_v give_v and_o out_o of_o a_o innate_a hatred_n turn_v the_o imperial_a palace_n the_o ancient_a seat_n of_o the_o emperor_n court_n and_o also_o their_o tomb_n and_o sepulcher_n into_o a_o heap_n of_o stone_n yet_o never_o offer_v any_o hurt_n to_o the_o inhabitant_n house_n march_v thence_o they_o reduce_v all_o the_o other_o city_n of_o this_o province_n without_o any_o opposition_n they_o free_o submit_v to_o avoid_v their_o cruelty_n this_o province_n thus_o settle_v part_n of_o their_o army_n be_v send_v for_o hangcheu_fw-la the_o first_o chief_a city_n of_o the_o dominion_n of_o chekiang_n and_o the_o other_o part_n march_v over_o the_o river_n kiang_n to_o subdue_v the_o southern_a country_n as_o kiangsi_n huquang_n and_o quantung_v about_o this_o city_n be_v get_v together_o the_o remainder_n of_o the_o chinese_n army_n that_o have_v save_v themselves_o by_o flight_n where_o they_o be_v about_o to_o choose_v a_o new_a emperor_n call_v lovangus_n of_o the_o race_n of_o taiminga_n but_o he_o earnest_o refuse_v to_o take_v upon_o he_o that_o dignity_n be_v content_v with_o the_o kingly_a title_n say_v that_o when_o the_o tartar_n be_v beat_v and_o drive_v out_o of_o china_n than_o he_o will_v accept_v of_o it_o his_o reign_n have_v not_o continue_v three_o day_n but_o he_o see_v the_o tartar_n come_v to_o fight_n with_o he_o and_o to_o drive_v he_o out_o of_o the_o kingdom_n but_o he_o not_o fright_v therewith_o be_v a_o valiant_a prince_n encourage_v his_o man_n to_o make_v a_o manly_a resistance_n which_o they_o not_o only_o promise_v but_o faithful_o perform_v behave_v themselves_o with_o great_a valour_n and_o fidelity_n till_o they_o be_v not_o able_a to_o hold_v out_o any_o long_o be_v overpower_v by_o hunger_n whereupon_o lovangus_n who_o have_v not_o his_o fellow_n among_o the_o chinese_n for_o civility_n and_o a_o passionate_a affection_n to_o his_o subject_n go_v to_o the_o wall_n and_o entreat_v the_o tartar_n general_n upon_o his_o knee_n that_o if_o he_o will_v forgive_v the_o city_n and_o inhabitant_n he_o shall_v do_v with_o he_o what_o he_o will_v for_o he_o will_v willing_o offer_v up_o himself_o a_o sacrifice_n for_o his_o subject_n safety_n which_o say_v he_o forthwith_o deliver_v himself_o free_o over_o to_o the_o tartar_n who_o by_o that_o mean_n become_v master_n of_o the_o city_n yet_o be_v enrage_v by_o their_o resistance_n they_o neither_o have_v compassion_n on_o the_o soldier_n nor_o inhabitant_n but_o put_v all_o to_o the_o sword_n who_o can_v not_o save_v themselves_o by_o flight_n after_o this_o the_o enemy_n take_v the_o city_n of_o hangcheu_fw-la without_o do_v any_o prejudice_n to_o the_o inhabitant_n thereof_o and_o from_o thence_o by_o the_o help_n of_o boat_n pass_v the_o river_n cienthang_fw-mi they_o come_v before_o xaok_v the_o most_o complete_a and_o uniform_a city_n of_o all_o china_n which_o present_o submit_v to_o their_o arm_n without_o make_v the_o least_o resistance_n and_o without_o doubt_n they_o have_v take_v all_o the_o other_o southern_a city_n without_o any_o opposition_n have_v they_o
man_n die_v in_o misery_n his_o design_n be_v real_o to_o have_v depopulate_v the_o whole_a country_n of_o china_n that_o so_o be_v alone_o there_o may_v be_v none_o leave_v to_o oppose_v he_o or_o be_v his_o competitor_n and_o although_o the_o barbarousness_n of_o his_o nature_n appear_v every_o where_o and_o upon_o all_o occasion_n yet_o do_v he_o give_v a_o proof_n of_o his_o cruelty_n in_o no_o place_n more_o than_o in_o the_o province_n of_o suchuen_n where_o he_o take_v upon_o he_o the_o royal_a title_n and_o put_v most_o of_o the_o inhabitant_n to_o death_n he_o will_v frequent_o cause_v a_o whole_a family_n to_o be_v utter_o destroy_v if_o any_o one_o of_o they_o have_v not_o obey_v his_o order_n according_a to_o his_o will_n and_o mind_n he_o abound_v so_o very_a much_o in_o feral_a barbarism_n that_o oftentimes_o if_o by_o chance_n any_o one_o have_v offend_v he_o he_o will_v cause_v all_o the_o inhabitant_n reside_v within_o the_o same_o street_n to_o undergo_v the_o fury_n of_o his_o inhuman_a and_o bestial_a rage_n he_o be_v civil_a and_o kind_a to_o none_o but_o his_o soldier_n with_o who_o he_o will_v converse_v and_o drink_v as_o if_o he_o have_v be_v but_o their_o companion_n and_o many_o time_n will_v bestow_v great_a present_n upon_o they_o if_o they_o have_v perform_v any_o thing_n well_o and_o according_a to_o his_o mind_n yet_o on_o the_o other_o hand_n for_o the_o least_o offence_n or_o neglect_v he_o make_v nothing_o to_o put_v multitude_n of_o they_o to_o death_n and_o which_o be_v yet_o more_o this_o bloody_a caitiff_n butchery_n extend_v to_o very_a magistrate_n but_o in_o special_a manner_n to_o those_o of_o the_o chief_a city_n of_o chingtu_n of_o the_o province_n of_o suchuen_n so_o that_o of_o six_o hundred_o in_o the_o space_n of_o three_o year_n be_v hardly_o twenty_o left_a that_o escape_v with_o their_o life_n and_o it_o be_v a_o recreation_n to_o see_v and_o cause_v people_n to_o be_v flay_v alive_a when_o this_o bloodthirsty_a tyrant_n endeavour_v to_o take_v the_o chief_a city_n of_o the_o province_n of_o xensi_fw-la which_o in_o regard_n of_o its_o strength_n be_v call_v the_o key_n of_o suchuen_n and_o xensi_fw-la he_o come_v in_o the_o year_n 1645._o before_o it_o with_o a_o very_a great_a army_n of_o at_o least_o a_o hundred_o and_o eighty_o thousand_o native_n of_o the_o province_n only_o beside_o a_o vast_a number_n of_o other_o out_o of_o several_a other_o province_n when_o the_o siege_n have_v continue_v a_o long_a time_n for_o the_o inhabitant_n defend_v themselves_o with_o wonderful_a courage_n there_o run_v over_o to_o the_o besiege_a at_o least_o forty_o thousand_o man_n out_o of_o his_o camp_n which_o trouble_v and_o provoke_v the_o tyrant_n so_o much_o that_o he_o cause_v the_o remainder_n of_o a_o hundred_o and_o eighty_o thousand_o man_n of_o suchuen_n to_o be_v cruel_o massacre_v and_o murder_v by_o their_o other_o fellow_n soldier_n before_o his_o face_n when_o he_o hear_v that_o the_o tartar_n in_o the_o year_n 1646._o be_v fall_v with_o their_o force_n into_o the_o province_n of_o xensi_fw-la he_o find_v himself_o necessitate_v to_o prevent_v such_o a_o unquiet_a and_o troublesome_a neighbourhood_n to_o march_v against_o they_o but_o lest_o the_o inhabitant_n of_o suchuen_n to_o many_o of_o who_o he_o have_v be_v so_o cruel_a shall_v conspire_v against_o he_o in_o his_o absence_n he_o cause_v they_o all_o to_o be_v put_v to_o death_n except_o such_o as_o live_v towards_o the_o north-east_n then_o he_o march_v first_o to_o chingtu_n the_o principal_a chief_a city_n of_o the_o province_n of_o suchen_n and_o cause_v all_o its_o inhabitant_n both_o rich_a and_o poor_a be_v above_o six_o hundred_o thousand_o in_o number_n to_o be_v bind_v by_o his_o soldier_n and_o afterward_o miserable_o slay_v by_o the_o effusion_n of_o who_o blood_n the_o chineses_n write_v that_o the_o water_n of_o the_o great_a river_n kiang_n which_o run_v before_o the_o city_n be_v extraordinary_o swell_v and_o raise_v the_o dead_a body_n that_o they_o may_v not_o taint_v or_o infect_v the_o air_n be_v fling_v into_o the_o river_n which_o be_v carry_v down_o with_o the_o stream_n soon_o bring_v this_o mournful_a news_n to_o the_o neighbour_a city_n and_o place_n view_v what_o they_o be_v like_a to_o expect_v if_o they_o resist_v not_o the_o fierceness_n of_o that_o merciless_a beast_n which_o though_o they_o do_v with_o all_o their_o may_v yet_o it_o be_v not_o long_o before_o the_o same_o cruel_a usage_n reach_v many_o of_o they_o and_o after_o this_o manner_n be_v this_o province_n which_o former_o abound_v with_o people_n lay_v waste_n and_o make_v desolate_a both_o of_o people_n and_o habitation_n these_o villainy_n perpetrate_v and_o be_v now_o to_o march_v against_o the_o tartar_n he_o encourage_v his_o soldier_n to_o behave_v themselves_o valiant_o for_o that_o he_o have_v silver_n enough_o to_o reward_v such_o as_o do_v well_o but_o in_o regard_n the_o woman_n as_o he_o suppose_v will_v be_v a_o trouble_n to_o they_o not_o only_o upon_o their_o march_n but_o in_o the_o battle_n he_o cause_v they_o to_o be_v put_v to_o death_n therein_o show_v they_o the_o way_n for_o of_o three_o hundred_o beautiful_a woman_n which_o he_o use_v for_o his_o own_o lustful_a pleasure_n he_o reserve_v only_o twenty_o to_o wait_v upon_o his_o three_o queen_n all_o the_o other_o be_v massacre_v in_o view_n of_o the_o whole_a army_n whereupon_o the_o soldier_n follow_v his_o barbarous_a and_o bloody_a example_n do_v the_o like_a either_o by_o shot_n or_o sword_n kill_v their_o wife_n in_o a_o most_o wretched_a manner_n have_v destroy_v all_o the_o inhabitant_n of_o the_o province_n and_o no_o more_o leave_v to_o exercise_v his_o cruelty_n upon_o he_o fall_v upon_o the_o city_n and_o house_n lay_v they_o waste_v and_o not_o leave_v any_o one_o place_n stand_v wheresoever_o his_o ruine_v foot_n tread_v nay_o more_o to_o show_v his_o hatred_n to_o posterity_n he_o cause_v all_o the_o tree_n to_o be_v fell_v and_o cut_v down_o that_o so_o no_o body_n for_o the_o future_a shall_v have_v any_o benefit_n by_o they_o after_o he_o such_o as_o be_v sick_a and_o not_o able_a to_o follow_v the_o camp_n he_o cause_v likewise_o to_o be_v hang_v up_o to_o prevent_v they_o as_o he_o scoff_o say_v from_o live_v or_o die_v in_o pain_n and_o misery_n after_o all_o this_o barbarous_a havoc_n and_o desolation_n make_v this_o enemy_n of_o mankind_n pass_v with_o his_o army_n into_o the_o province_n of_o xensi_fw-la whither_o the_o general_n of_o the_o tartar_n follow_v he_o at_o the_o heel_n with_o a_o army_n of_o fifty_o thousand_o man_n unâ—â—l_v the_o residue_n of_o the_o whole_a army_n can_v get_v up_o to_o he_o when_o the_o news_n be_v bring_v he_o that_o the_o tartar_n be_v in_o sight_n of_o he_o with_o a_o great_a army_n he_o laugh_v at_o those_o that_o report_v such_o a_o fable_n as_o he_o think_v it_o not_o believe_v it_o possible_a that_o such_o a_o thing_n can_v be_v till_o go_v out_o of_o his_o tent_n himself_o to_o make_v the_o discovery_n the_o first_o object_n that_o he_o meet_v with_o be_v the_o sight_n of_o five_o tartar_n who_o according_a to_o the_o custom_n of_o those_o people_n be_v send_v out_o before_o to_o discover_v and_o demand_v whether_o he_o will_v have_v peace_n or_o war_n but_o in_o stead_n thereof_o they_o present_o fall_v upon_o he_o and_o the_o first_o arrow_n that_o be_v shoot_v pierce_v he_o quite_o through_o the_o heart_n wherewith_o fall_v down_o dead_a upon_o the_o place_n it_o strike_v so_o great_a a_o fear_n into_o all_o his_o follower_n that_o they_o be_v soon_o overthrow_v the_o news_n of_o this_o victory_n be_v quick_o spread_v abroad_o upon_o the_o report_n of_o which_o such_o tartar_n as_o be_v leave_v alive_a and_o have_v escape_v the_o bloody_a hand_n of_o the_o traitor_n in_o the_o province_n of_o suchuen_n come_v out_o of_o their_o holes_n and_o cry_v up_o the_o victor_n as_o their_o deliverer_n and_o thus_o at_o length_n the_o province_n of_o suchuen_n fall_v under_o the_o subjection_n of_o the_o tartar_n who_o put_v garrison_n into_o the_o chief_a place_n march_v back_o with_o their_o army_n to_o the_o imperial_a city_n of_o peking_n where_o upon_o their_o arrival_n the_o general_n of_o the_o army_n though_o he_o return_v victorious_a yet_o so_o slippery_a be_v the_o station_n of_o great_a man_n be_v very_o unworthy_o receive_v by_o his_o brother_n who_o accuse_v he_o of_o neglect_n in_o that_o he_o have_v not_o well_o perform_v his_o charge_n the_o faithful_a general_n with_o this_o disgraceful_a affront_n be_v put_v into_o so_o violent_a a_o passion_n as_o be_v conscious_a of_o his_o own_o merit_n and_o know_v that_o he_o have_v deserve_v the_o great_a thanks_o imaginable_a for_o what_o he_o have_v do_v he_o
the_o chinese_n tongue_n and_o the_o italian_a translate_v from_o the_o portuguese_n place_n the_o year_n of_o the_o erection_n of_o this_o stone_n in_o the_o year_n 782._o after_o the_o birth_n of_o christ_n but_o the_o syriack_n inscription_n fix_v the_o time_n according_a to_o the_o compute_v of_o the_o grecian_n at_o the_o year_n 1092._o which_o how_o different_a it_o be_v from_o the_o other_o account_n be_v easy_a to_o be_v discover_v by_o any_o one_o now_o that_o all_o these_o particular_n may_v be_v the_o better_o reconcile_v and_o this_o knot_n also_o unloose_v i_o think_v it_o requisite_a first_o to_o set_v down_o word_n for_o word_n the_o translation_n of_o the_o aforesaid_a inscription_n thus_o the_o portuguese_n have_v it_o no_o nosso_fw-it potentado_n do_fw-mi grande_n tam_fw-la segundo_fw-la anno_fw-la deste_fw-fr kien_fw-fr cium_o que_fw-fr eram_fw-la do_v senhor_n 782._o no_o mes_fw-fr de_fw-fr autuno_n no_o settimo_fw-la dia_z dia_z de_fw-fr domingo_n foy_fw-fr allevantada_n esta_fw-es pedra_fw-fr sendo_fw-la bispo_n nim_n ciu_o que_fw-fr governa_fw-la a_o igreia_n china_n thus_o the_o italian_a nell_n nostro_fw-la potentato_fw-it del_fw-it grand_fw-mi tam_fw-la secondo_fw-la adno_fw-la di_fw-it questo_fw-la kien_n cium_o che_fw-it erano_fw-it del_fw-it signore_fw-la 782._o nel_fw-it mese_fw-it di_fw-it autunno_n nel_fw-it settimo_fw-la giorno_fw-la giorno_fw-la di_fw-it dominica_n fu_fw-la inalzata_fw-la questa_fw-la pietra_fw-la essendo_fw-la vescovo_fw-la nim_n ciu_o che_fw-it governa_fw-la la_fw-it chiesa_fw-la della_fw-it china_n the_o italian_a version_n be_v thus_o in_o our_o dominion_n of_o the_o grand_a tamburlaine_n the_o second_o year_n of_o this_o kien_fw-fr cium_o which_o be_v of_o our_o lord_n 782._o in_o the_o month_n of_o autumn_n on_o the_o seven_o day_n upon_o the_o sunday_n this_o monument_n be_v erect_v nim_n ciu_o being_n bishop_n who_o be_v over_o the_o church_n of_o china_n the_o interpretation_n of_o both_o of_o they_o be_v this_o in_o our_o potency_n of_o the_o great_a tamburlaine_n viz._n the_o king_n in_o the_o second_o year_n of_o this_o kien_fw-fr cium_o which_o be_v the_o year_n of_o our_o lord_n 782._o in_o the_o month_n of_o autumn_n on_o the_o seven_o day_n be_v the_o lord_n day_n this_o stone_n be_v erect_v nim_n ciu_o the_o bishop_n govern_v the_o church_n of_o china_n the_o syriack_n inscription_n bisnat_fw-la alf_n we_o tissain_v we_o tarten_v diunoio_n that_o be_v in_o the_o year_n 1092._o according_a to_o the_o grecian_a account_n now_o see_v the_o eastern_a or_o the_o greek_a church_n do_v agree_v for_o the_o most_o part_n with_o the_o latin_a in_o the_o compute_v of_o their_o year_n it_o be_v demand_v after_o what_o manner_n these_o year_n may_v be_v reconcile_v i_o answer_v therefore_o that_o this_o monument_n be_v mark_v or_o sculp_v with_o a_o twofold_a kind_n of_o computation_n of_o the_o year_n use_v by_o the_o aforesaid_a promulger_n of_o the_o christian_a law_n viz._n one_o be_v the_o ecclesiastical_a account_n of_o the_o year_n of_o christ_n which_o the_o faithful_a christian_n 〈◊〉_d where_o use_n in_o china_n the_o other_o be_v a_o politic_a or_o civil_a year_n which_o be_v common_a to_o the_o syrian_n chaldean_n arabian_n egyptian_n and_o almost_o to_o the_o whole_a east_n which_o that_o you_o may_v the_o better_o understand_v you_o must_v observe_v that_o the_o year_n of_o the_o grecian_n of_o which_o the_o book_n of_o the_o maccabee_n make_v mention_v be_v the_o same_o with_o those_o that_o be_v otherwise_o call_v by_o the_o chaldean_n the_o year_n of_o the_o seleâ—cians_n syrogrecians_a or_o syro-macedonians_a but_o by_o the_o hebrew_n the_o year_n of_o contract_n and_o by_o the_o egyptian_o the_o alexandrian_a year_n or_o the_o account_n from_o the_o 〈◊〉_d of_o alexander_n by_o the_o arabian_n they_o be_v term_v dhul_n karnain_n which_o be_v as_o much_o as_o to_o say_v of_o alexander_n hold_v of_o two_o horn_n and_o they_o therefore_o call_v he_o 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that_o he_o may_v become_v master_n of_o his_o desire_n but_o it_o seem_v otherwise_o fit_a to_o the_o divine_a disposal_n of_o the_o heavenly_a majesty_n for_o expect_v a_o opportunity_n of_o enter_v china_n in_o santian_n a_o isle_n adjoin_v to_o the_o coast_n of_o china_n he_o be_v seize_v with_o a_o fever_n where_o be_v replenish_v with_o merit_n and_o now_o ready_a to_o receive_v the_o reward_n of_o eternal_a blessedness_n for_o those_o his_o signal_n labour_n perform_v he_o render_v his_o spirit_n unto_o his_o creator_n and_o take_v his_o flight_n unto_o heaven_n and_o what_o he_o can_v not_o perform_v of_o himself_o that_o he_o obtain_v with_o god_n by_o his_o intercession_n that_o his_o successor_n in_o so_o great_a a_o charge_n may_v accomplish_v after_o the_o follow_a manner_n alexander_n valignanus_n of_o our_o society_n who_o anno_fw-la 1582._o conduct_v the_o three_o vice-roys_n of_o japan_n who_o be_v convert_v to_o the_o christian_a faith_n to_o render_v obedience_n to_o 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