216 CHAP. VII The Greek Affairs from the Persian Wars to the Peloponesian 221 CHAP. VIII The Peloponesian War with the Condition of Athens and Sparta at the beginning of it Alcibiades his Victories his deposing 224 CHAP. IX Matters concurring with the Peloponesian War and some time after 230 CHAP. X. Cyrus the Younger his Expedition into Persia and the great Services of Xenophon 232 CHAP. XI Of the Greek Affairs under the Lacedemonians Command 237 CHAP. XII Of the flourishing Condition of Thebes from the Battle of Leuctra to that of Mantinea Of the Peace that succeeded A Comparison between Agasilaus and the Roman Pompey 241 BOOK IV. CHAP. I. Of the Macedonian Kingdom from Philip Father to Alexander the Great to the Race of Antigonus 247 CHAP. II. Of Alexander the Great his Wars with Darius and others his Cruelty Death and Character 251 CHAP. III. Aordaeus's Reign after Alexander 271 CHAP. IV. Of Antigonus's growth in Asia 282 CHAP. V. Of the Civil Wars of Alexander's Captains 286 CHAP. VI. Of the Wars between the New Kings 'till they were all destroy'd 287 CHAP. VII Rome's Growth and the setling of the Eastern State 299 BOOK V. From the setled Rule of Alexander's Successors 'till the Romans Conquer'd Asia and Macedon CHAP. I. Of the First Punick War 307 CHAP. II. What pass'd between the First and Second Punick War 326 CHAP. III. Of the Second Punick War 336 CHAP. IV. Philip King of Macedon Father of Perseus subdu'd by the Romans 370 CHAP. V. Of the Roman Wars with Antiochus and his Adherents 380 CHAP. VI. Of the Second Macedonian War With the death of Philopoemen Hannibal Scipio c. 396 ERRATA PAge 13. l. 31. r. but one p. 32. l. ult after slew add many thousands of them p. 37. l. 25. instead of Cursed r. not needful to be taken in p. 38. l. 19. dele Toy E. p. 54. l. 26. r. of Chush p. 64. l. 9. for Legal r. Regal p. 65. l. 29. for Babel r. Babylon p. 70. l. 23. for no r. a. p. 94. l. 13. for Linages r. Images p. 96. l. 10. r. many things p. 96. l. 19. for Their r. Therefore and for that r. a. p. 131. l. 15. for lightsomely r. plainly p. 139. l. 24. for Three r. Third p. 216. l. 27. after Thousand r. Darici p. 220. l. 10. for thirty thousand r. three hundred thousand ibid l. 20. after fifty thousand r. more p. 226. l. 26. for first r. worst p. 243. l. 35. after grown r. powerful p. 248. l. 28. r. set up Pausanius p. 286. l. 13. r. he would not share THE HISTORY OF THE WORLD PART I. OF THE First Ages from the Creation to Abraham CHAP. I. Of the Creation and Preservation of the World § GOD Invisible is seen in his Creatures God acknowledged by the wisest men to be a Power uneffable a Virtue infinite a Light by the abundant Clarity invisible an Understanding which it self can only comprehend an Essence eternal and spiritual of absolute Pureness and Simplicity was and is pleased to make himself known by the Works of the World In the wonderful magnitude whereof we behold the Image of that Glory which cannot be measured and that one Universal Nature which cannot be defined In the glorious Lights of Heaven we perceive a shadow of his Divine Countenance in his Provision for all that live his manifold Goodness and in creating by the absolute power of his own Word his All-sufficiency which All-sufficiency in Power and Wisdom which Light Virtue and Goodness being but Attributes of one simple Essence and one God we in all admire and in part discern by the Glass of his Creatures in the disposition order and variety of Bodies Celestial and Terrestrial Terrestrial in strange manifold Diversities Celestial in their Beauty Magnitude and continual contrary motions yet neither repugned intermixed nor confounded By these potent Effects we approach to the knowledge of the Omnipotent Cause and by these motions their Almighty wise Mover In these more than wonderful Works God speaketh to Men who by their Reason may know their Maker to be God who with Corporal Eyes can no otherways be seen but by his Word and this visible World Of all which Works there was no other Cause preceding but his Will no Matter but his Power no Workman but his Word no other Consideration but his own Goodness § 2. The Worlds Creation acknowledged by ancient Philosophers Mercurius Trismegistus called God the Original of the Vniverse and that God made it only by his Word Jupiter having hidden all things in himself did after send forth into the grateful Light the admirable Works he had fore-thought Pindar calls him the one God Father and Creator of all And Original of all saith Pâ—ato Though Scripture have no need of Foreign Testimonies yet St. Paul despised not the Use of Philosophers c. Truth by whomsoever uttered is of the Holy Ghost said Ambrose § 3. All things began to be in the Creation before which was neither Matter nor Form of any thing but the Eternal For had there been a former Matter the Creation had not been first and if any thing were before Created there must be a double Creation if any thing had been uncreated but God there must have been a Beginning and two infinite Eternals § 4. Heaven and Earth first Created was not Matter without all Form without which nothing can exist but it was that solid Substance and Matter as well of the Heavens and Orbs as of the Globe of the Earth and Waters which cover'd it the Seed of that Vniversal saith Calvin § 5. As Moses by Heaven meant the Matter of all Heavenly Bodies and Natures so by Earth comprehending the Waters he meant the Matter of all things under the Moon Waters in the plural signifying a double Liquor of divers natures mixed with Earth 'till God separated them § 6. Spirit of God moved c. Seeing that God is every way above Reason though the Effects which follow his wonderful ways of working may in some measure be perceived by Man's Understanding yet that manner and first operation of his divine Power cannot be conceived by any Mind or Spirit united with a mortal Body And St. Paul saith they are past finding out Therefore whether that motion vitality and operation were by Incubation or any other way that 's only known to God The English word Moved is most proper and significant for of motion proceeds all production and whatsoever is effected This moving â—pirit can be no other but that infinite Power of God which then formed and distinguished and which now sustains the Universe This motion of the Spirit upon the Waters produced their Spiritual and Natural motion which brought forth Heat whereof came rarefaction of Parts thus was Air begotten an Element lighter and superiour to the Waters § 7. The Light is next which for Excellency is first called good but as I conceive did not yet distinguish Day
having been trained up in the Art of War by Cyna a Warlike Woman The Souldiers disappoint her and Pithon who hoped to have been intreated by them to hold and chose Antipater who in a few days arrived at the Camp with his Army and took it upon him as the only powerful Man then living of all Alexander's Captains whom all acknowledge their Superior Antipater taketh the King Queen and Princess into Macedon leaving Antigonus General of the Royal Army against Eumenes and Ruler of Asia during the War and besides his former Provinces gave him the Rule of Susiana § 11. Antigonus Lieutenant of Asia being to subdue Eumenes Alcetus and Attalus began with Eumenes seeking to Corrupt his Army by Letters but failed therein by Eumenes's cunning who made shew as if he writ them to try their faith to him Then Antigonus dealt with the Captains of which one brake out untimely and another called Apollonides held close 'till the Battle and then turned to Antigonus with such of the Horse-men as he could persuade being their General but Eumenes overtook him and cut him off though he lost the Battle Eumenes not able to keep the Field wished his Men to shift for themselves and retained only five hundred Horse and two hundred Foot with which he tired Antigonus in following At last he entred Nora a strong and well provided Fort bordering on Cappadocia where they parted without agreeing so Antigonus leaveth Nora besieged and with his other Forces entred Pisidia and overthrew Alcetus § 12. Ptolomy while other Princes were quiet in their Government sent an Army and won Syria and Phaenicia and took Laomedon the Governour thereof Prisoner Antipater being Eighty Years Old reposing great Confidence in Polyspercon one of Alexanders most Ancient Captains committed to him the Protectorship and Government of Macedon doubting his Son Cassander's sufficiency he also gave charge that no Woman should be admitted into the Administration of the Empire and so dyed § 13. Polysâ—ercon's skill was greater in War than in the high Office he now undertook being a man of an Inferior Wit fitter to assist than command in Chief The better to Countenance his Injunctions to the Governours of Provinces he and his Council thought fit to call the Queen of Olympias to Court whom Antipater suffered not in Macedon But Cassander Son of Antipater who thought himself the better Man was not satisfyed with the Captainship of a Thousand his Ambition soared high when he considered the Love of those which commanded the Garrisons and all the Rulers in the Cities so of Greece so placed by his Father Besides he had that Interest in Queen Euridice that was due only to her Husband all which would not serve to bear out an open Rebellion Cassander therefore finding what Ptolomy had done in Syria and what Antigonus aimed at since Antipater's death for whose sake he presumed upon them and seeing their occasions needed a Civil War he went to Antigonus in Asia and writ to Ptolomy § 14. Polyspercon upon Cassander's departure to disappoint him of his hopes from Greece decreed in Council to restore the popular Government in their Cities and discharge the Garrisons and Banish or kill the Governours placed by Antipater Thus he dishonours the Man that raised him overthrew worthy Men placed as Friends to the State of Macedon and gives away Macedon's Command of Greece if he means as he pretends c. § 15. Athens by this Decree in all haste cast out their Governours Phocion and others who fly for their Lives but cannot remove the Garrison commanded by Nicanor a trusty Friend to Cassander He possessing one of the Havens found means to take the other called Paraeus to their great discouragement but by Alexander the Son of Polyspercon coming with an Army are wholly misled as if he came to aid them whereas he came to get what Nicanor held if he could persuade him thereto Phocion and his Fellows fly to Polyspercon for Patronage but he finding he could not get the Key of Athens as he fought without offending the other Towns of Greece to cover his intent as meaning well to Athens he sent Phocion back into Athens who wickedly put him to death being above Eighty Years old who had been chosen forty five times Governour without seeking it whose Integrity was approved whose Counsel the City never repented nor private Man for trusting him Philip and Alexander honoured him but could fasten no Gifts upon him Athens never after bred a worthy Man § 16. Cassander with such Forces as Antigonus lent him entred Pireus which drew Polyspercon headlong into Attica with an Army but for want of Victuals departed leaving Alexander with some Forces to hindeâ— Nicanor 'till he in Peloponesus attempted Megalopolis which affected Cassander But the Town furnished with Fifteen thousand able Men was so defended and his Elephants so galled in their Feet with Nails driven through Boards laid and lightly covered in the Way that he prevailed not and wanting Provision to stay long he forsook the Siege After this his Admiral Clitus after an Overthrow given to Nicanor in Propontis is in the second Encounter Antigonus having furnished Nicanor utterly defeated which made Athens submit to Cassander as did other Cities § 17. Antigonus lying before the Fort Nora when he heard of Antipater's death knowing Eumenes's sufficiency and fidelity to Perdicas thought no Man fitter to be employed in his designs He sent therefore a Friend to them both to deal with him to take an Oath of Fidelity to Antigonus which he refused except Olympias and the Children of Alexander were put in which was yielded to so he departed Antigonus had before this taken on him as Lieutenant of Asia to remove Governours of Provinces as Aridaeus of Phrygia and Clitus of Lydia which repaired to the Court for Relief but all failed in Clitus's overthrow at Sea § 18. Antigonus now commanding the most of the Lesser Asia was able to enter Macedon and seize the Court but doubted the Reconciliation of Cassander and Polyspercon thereby he also knew Eumenes's fidelity to the Royal Blood Against him therefore he bent with Twenty thousand Foot and Four thousand Horse hoping to surprize him in Cilicia Eumenes a Thracian of all the old Souldiers was only faithful to the Royal Blood the Court therefore gave him Commission to raise an Army against Antigonus requiring the Provincials to assist and the old Silver-shield-bands to follow him § 19. Olympias the Old Queen intending to remove Aridaeus and place Alexander Son of Roxane joining with Polyspercon enters Macedon taketh Euridice and Aridaeus forsaken of all that followed her at the sight of Olympias both are Murdered and a hundred of Cassander's Friends with Nicanor his Brother § 20. Cassander lying at the Siege of Tegea in Peloponesus hearing these ill Tidings compounded with Tegea and shipt his Army into Thessaly the Aetolians keeping the Streights of Thermopylae by Land in favour of the Queen Cassander leaveth Callas with part
of his Forces to divert Polyspercon carrying the rest to Besiege Pidna a strong Sea-Town where Olympias lay with the Court. Aeacides King of Epyrus her Cousin hasted to her Succour but upon Difficulties of passages held by Cassander's Men his Subjects refuse to proceed and upon his seeking to inforce them banish him and join with Cassander Polyspercon now is the Queen 's only hope which also failed for by Callas's means corrupting of the Souldiers he was glad to make a swift Retreat for want of Men. The Miseries of the Besieged by Famin and Mortality was so great that she is forced to yield to Cassander upon promise of Life and procured Aristonus to whom she had committed Amphypolis to yield up the Town which he did and was killed by private Enemies procured to it by Cassander Olympias is then called into publick question in an Assembly of the Macedonians and condemned for the Murders committed by her under Title of Justice and shortly after put to death Cassander after his death Celebrated Funerals for Aridaeus and Euridice Married Thessalonica Daughter of King Philip taken in Pidna built the City Cassandria committed Roxane and Alexander to close Prison Re-edified Thebes and restored it c. CHAP. IV. Of Antigonus's growth in Asia § 1. EVmenes with the Argyraspides or Silver-Bands took his March towards the East with his Commission to take Possession of those Countries having small Assurance of his Silver Shields whose Captains scorned his direction Yet Ptolomy and Antigonus could not withdraw them Python and Seleuchus who govern'd Medea and Babylon as he went refused to let him pass 'till they were forc'd to fly so he came to the East where Peucestes and other Lords receive him yet through Opinion of Self-worthiness contended for Superiority but by his Wisdom and Command of the Kings Treasure he gained many of the most powerful § 2. Antigonus followed taking Python and Seleucus with him to force the Enemies further off from the King's Treasure in Susa but passing over Coprates by small Vessels when the greater part was over Eumenes who kept a Bridge on Tygris came with a Thousand Horse and four Thousand Foot and finding them disordered forced most of 'em into the River and drowned them and slew the rest except four Thousand which yielded in the sight of Antigonus who with Python turned to Media leaving Seleuchus to Besiege Susa Castle § 3. Eumenes desired to lead the Army into the Province left by Antigonus but Peucestes Governour of Persia drew them thither using all means to win the Souldiers which Eumenes prevented by a feign'd Letter from Orontes Governour of Armenia reporting Olympias had slain Cassander and sent Polyspercon with a great Army to join with Eumenes which News bred much fruitless joy Antigonus brings his Army out of Media to all their amazements yet Eumenes then sick in an Horse-Litter set his in a good form of Battle and though he were inferiour to Antigonus by a third part except Elephants he held it out and Antigonus was glad the next Night to steal away into Media § 4. Antigonus in the dead of Winter being within Nine Days Journey of his Enemy passed through a difficult Wilderness forbidding all use of Fire by Night to prevent his being discovered which was observed for some time but broken at last and so discerned Peucestes and the rest as Men amazed fly Eumenes stays them promising to protract Antigonus 'till their Forces be drawn up Then taking some choise Captains he disposed them on Tops of Hills looking towards Antigonus keeping many Fires thereon Antigonus thinking he was discovered and fearing to be forced while his Men were tired turned aside to places convenient for Refreshment but upon Advice finding that he was deluded he sent thinking to be revenged on them who were gone All the Eastern Army was come except the Elephants which he sent to cut off forcing the Horse-men which came with them and had overthrown the Elephants if brave Troops sent by Eumenes to look after them had not come in unexpectedly § 5. Eumenes having obtain'd the honour of an Expert General got therewith the hatred of Peucestes and the other Commanders which conspire his death but conclude to spare him 'till after the Battle with Antigonus which argued their Malice against his meer Virtue Eudamus who had charge of the Elephants whom he had obliged and others of whom he used to borrow Money when he needed not to make them the more careful of his Life certifyed him of the Treason Hereupon he made his Will and burnt his Writings of Secrets and considered what he should do To make his Peace with Antigonus were contrary to his Faith given to Olympias and the Princes c. He therefore resolved to withstand the Enemy and after to look to himself c. § 6. Eumenes's Souldiers not knowing the cause of his Perplexity encouraged him only desiring him to draw 'em up in Battalia and they would play the Men. Antigonus had the advantage in Horse but his Footmen advanced heavily being to encounter the old Silver Shields who had beaten them so oft as now also they slew five thousand of them without the loss of a Man Antigonus's Horse and Elephants had the better the rather by Peucestes who drew off one thousand five hundred Horse and departed But while all the charge lay on Eumenes Antigonus sent Companies of Horse about unto Eumenes's Carriages unseen by reason of the Dust and surprized them for the Night growing on they return'd to their Camps § 7. Eumenes finding the Silver Shields discontented for the loss of their Carriages comforted them with hopes of Recovery the Enemy being weakened by their Valour and unable to draw the Carts through the Wilderness of Mountains This availed not for Peucestes was gone and other Captains would fight no more Teutamus one of the Silver-shield Captains to win the Love of the Bands dealt secretly with Antigonus intreated the restoring of the Booty which was all the Old Souldiers had for many Years service The crafty Man answered that if they will deliver Eumenes he will do more for them which they presently performed and villanously betrayed their worthy General whom his Ambitious Adversary despairing to win slew This was the end of the Wisdom Fidelity Valour and Patience of him whose Courage no Adversity could lessen nor Prosperity his Circumspection But his Virtue Wit and Industry were all cast away by lâ—ading an Army without power to command besides God's purpose to cast down that Family he sought to uphold Antigonus buried him honourably burnt one of the Captains alive that betrayed him and committed all the Silver Shields to a Leader to carry them into far Countries with charge to Conjure such perjured Wretches nâ—vâ—r to come near Greece § 8. Antigonus and Python return to Media where while Pithon by Gifts sought to win the Souldiers which he only wanted to become chief Antigonus discerning it took him in his security condemn'd and
expelled them neither would the Romans invited by them undertake it as they likewise refused to accept Vtica offering it self This might have served for an example of Roman Faith to Posterity if they had not thrust themselves into it after Carthage had ended her home Wars and prepared for Sardinia which the Romans pretending to be against Rome it self made the Quarrel to proclaim War which forced Carthage in her present weakness to renounce her Right in Sardinia § 5. Carthage having found her own Punick Faith and Dealing at the hands of Rome learned how necessary it was to make her self strong or resolve to submit to Rome and because the Roman jealousie forbad them to attempt any thing in the Midland-Sea they resolve upon an Expedition to Spain which they commit to Amilcar who in Nine Years subdued most of the Country and was then slain in Battle with the People which then inhabited Portugal Asdrubal his Son-in-Law succeeded enlarged their Dominions and built Carthagena in the Kingdom of Granado Rome grew jealous but knows not how to ground a quarrel having no acquaintance in Spain They send to Asdrubal requiring him not to pass over Iberus hoping his Resolute Spirit would give them a ground to work upon but are deceived by his appearance to conform to their will The Saguntines on the South of Iberus perceiving how Carthage gave way to Rome entred Confederation with her which the Carthaginians now grown strong thought to be an ill example and to their prejudice and remembring old injuries prepare against the Saguntines § 6. Greece during the first Punick War after Pyrrhus's Death had somewhat recover'd her Liberty through the dissentions in Macedon which after Pyrrhus was established in Antigonus the Son of Demetrius and his Issue as Aegypt was in Ptolomy's and Asia and Syria in Seleucus Antigonus being after Pyrrhus driven out by Alexander the Son of Pyrrhus was restored by his own Son Demetrius who also expelled Alexander the Epirot out of Epirus Demetrius also got his Father possession of the Citadel of Corinth which was the entrance by Land into Peloponnesus Demetrius succeeded Antigonus in Macedon Ten Years and left Philip a young Son his Uncle Antigonus being Protector who held it for life and by the dissentions of Greece got no less Authority therein than old Philip had done by the same means The Achaians in his time were grown the most powerful People of Greece unto whom many other Cities united themselves by means of Aratus a Sicyonian who having freed Sicyon from the Tyrant which held it for fear of Antigonus entred the League He also surprized the Citadel of Corinth and the Magarians fell from him and joyned with Achaia as did other States Aratus freed Argos Megapons and Hermion from their Tyrants and by Mony gain'd the Captains of the Garrison in Athens Now also the Aetolians grew powerful but after Devastations made in Peloponnesus they were glad to beg assistance of Achaia against Demetrius yet ungratefully they sought to â—et the Lacedemonians against them and drew in Antigous Lacedemon at that time was in a weak Condition but by Cleomenes one of their Kings was raised to such hopes that he was so bold as to claim the Principality of Greece Aratus seeing the danger of Achaia by the Lacedemonians rising which he knew not how to stop used means to Antigonus giving him hopes of the Achaians submitting to him But it had been more honourable if Aratus had ended the War withdrawing Achaia to yield to Cleomenes seeing he had sâ— freed his Country of further trouble and the Macedonian Command But as disdain at the Lacedemonians rising over them carried them to Antigonus so Aratus that wrought it lost his Honour and Life by the Macedonians who might have been Fellows with Cleomenes with whom Ptolomy joyned and left the Achaians with whom he had been in League After this Cleomenes gave them such an overthrow that they sought Peace which was willingly yielded upon fair Conditions that Lacedemon should lead in the Wars and will restore all Persons and Places taken Aratus opposed this all he could so that Cleomenes proceeded with his War and many Cities became his whereupon Aratus hasteneth Antigonus who promiseth help if he may be put in possession of the Corinthian Citadel which Aratus promised and sent his Son for Hostage The Corinthians importune Cleomenes to prevent this which he sought to do by all fair offers to Aratus which he rejected surrounding it with Trenches but all in vain for upon the danger of losing Argos Cleomenes went to rescue his Garrison there and in the mean time Corinth yielded to Antigonus who following Cleomenes disappointed him at Argos also and after took in many other Places so that Sparta shortly lost all again to Antigonus whom Aratus honoured even as a God offering Sacrifice to him at his being at Sicyon which Example the other Cities of Achaia followed For though Cleomenes performed many brave Services and put many Affronts upon Antigonus yet at length in a Battel at Selasia he was overthrown and all his Forces broken and himself returning to Sparta persuaded the little remainder to yield to Antigonus and so departed from them embarking for Egypt where Ptolomy lovingly entertain'd him Thus ended the Glory of Lacedemon which as a Light ready to go out had with a great but no long blaze shined more brightly of late than in some Ages past and Cleomenes a generous Prince but his Son Leoniaus who had wretchedly brought worthy King Agis his Fellow with his Mother and Grandmother unto a bloody end â—lew himself in Aegypt and had his own Wife and Grand Children murdered by the vicious young Prince Ptolomy Philopater Antigonus after this entred Sparta whereinto the force of the Enemies could never make way before where he kindly treated the Citizens and left them to their own Laws but he could not stay the Illyrians wasting Macedon whom he overcame but by straining a Vein died soon after Philip the Son of Demetrius a Boy succeeded in Macedon as did Antiochus the Great in Asia and Ptolomy Philopater in Aegypt who was young also c. § 7. Rome subdued Sardinia and Corsica and the Illyrians while Carthage is Conquering Spain The Illyrians Inhabited the Country now called Slavonia whom Demetrius King of Macedon hired to rescue the Macedonians so distressed by the Aetolians yet strive for dividing the Booty before the Town was won as did the French at Poictiers and Agin-Court But the Illyrians ended the Controversie slew many and took more and divided their Baggage The Illyrians proud of worsting the stoutest of the Greeks Tuta their Queen gave them liberty to rob at Sea whom they could Friend or Foe and sent an Army by Sea and Land which invaded Epirus and took Phaenice by the Treachery of Eight Hundred Gauls entertain'd there being driven out of Sicily by the Romans for the like Treachery Lying here they made prize of many Italian Merchants and being
Heathens concerning God 31 8. Heathenism and Iudaism when destroy'd 32 9. Satans last Refuge 33 CHAP. VII Of Noah's Flood § 1 2 3. God's forewarning of it neither Ogyges's Flood nor that of Ducalion nor that of the Umbri was Noah's 34 35 3 4. Some Records of the Vniversal Island Noah's Flood supernatural ibid. 6. No need of new Created Waters What the Chataracts of Heaven are ibid. 8 9 10. Noah's Memory among the Heathen His Ark was of sufficient capacity rested upon the Hills Taurus 36 37 38. CHAP. VIII The Planting of Nations Noah's Sons which the Eldest 45 § 1. Whether Shem or Ham Elder than Japhet ibid. 2. All Histories must yield to Moses Lords of the first Ages were of the Issue of Ham. 45 3 4. Of the Isles of the Gentiles Of Gog Magog Tubal and Mesech 46 5 6 7 8 9 Berosus's Fiction Gomer and Togarma setled in the East Of the other Sons of Japhet Of Ascanes and Riphath Gomer's Eldest Son Of the four Sons of Javan 47 48 49. 10. Cush the Eldest Son of Ham was in Arabia 50 11. Mizraim chief Planter of Aegypt 52. 12. The Bounds of Canaan his Eleven Sons where situated ibid. 13. The Sons of Cush 54 14. The Issue of Mizraim 55 15. Sem's Posterity 56 CHAP. IX The Beginning and Establishment of Government 58 Sect. 1. Of Regal Absolute and Regal tempered by Laws 59 2. The approved sorts of Government 60 3. The good Government of the first Kings ibid. 4. The Original of Nobility 61 CHAP. X. Of Nimrod Belus and Ninus 62 Sect. 1 2 3 4. Nimrod first Sovereign after the Flood Built Ninive Established the Babylonian Monarchy 63 5 6 7 8. Of Ninus and Belus in whose time Image-Worship began The first Idolater 64 65 CHAP. XI Of Ninus Semiramis and Belus ibid. BOOK II. From Abraham's Death to the Destruction of Solomon's Temple which was 1525 Years 67 CHAP. I. The time of Abraham's Birth and Order of the Assyrian Empire ibid. Sect. 1 2 3. Some Successors of Semiramis and of the Birth of Abraham 68 4. Terah begat Abraham in his 130th Year 69 5 6 7. Answers to several Objections about Abraham's Age. 70 71 8. The Assyrian times regulated by Abraham's History ibid. 9. Amraphel probably was Ninias 72 10 11. Arioth King of Alassar Tidal King of Nations 73 12. Chedorlaomer chief of the Four 74 CHAP. II. Of the Kings of Egypt from Cham to the Delivery of the Israelites 75 Sect. 1. The Kings of Egypt and the causes of the uncertainty of the History ibid. 2. C ham began his Reign in Egypt after the Flood Anno 191. ibid. 3. The Dynasties were not Kings but Vice-Roys 76 4. Cham and Mizraim or Oris ibid. 5 6. Osiris's Reign guess'd at Typhon and Hercules their Reigns 77 7 8. Busiris or Orus's Reign Rathoris succeeded his Sister 78 CHAP. III. Israel's delivery out of Egypt 79 Sect. 1. Israel's Captivity and Moses's Birth ibid. 2. Cities of Egypt in Scripture ibid. 3 4 5. Moses's Preservation and Education Pharaoh and his Army drowned and Moses's Passage Miraculous 80 81. CHAP. IV. § 1. The Israelites Journey from the Red Sea to Sinai 83 2. Of the Amalekites Midianites Kenites and of Jethro ibid. 3. When the Law was given 84 CHAP. V. §. 1 The Story from receiving the Law to Moses's death 84. 2. The Offering of the Twelve Princes The Passover and Jethro's departure 85 3. Israel's Iourney from Horeb to Kades 86 4. Their unwillingness to return they remove to Zin 87 5 6. They turn to the North. ibid. 7. Of the Book of the Lord's Battels and other lost Books 88. 8. Moses sparing Lot's Issue 89 9. The Midianites and Moabites corrupt Israel ibid. CHAP. VI. Of the Bordering Nations Of other Renowned Men and of Iushua's Acts. 90 Sect. 1. How the bordering Nations were prepared to be Enemies to Israel ibid. 2 3. Of the Kings of the Canaanites and Moabites Of the Midianites Amalekites and Ismaelites 91 4 5 6 7. Prometheus Atlas Pelasgus Ducalion Hermies Aesculapius when they flourished 92 93 94 95. 8. Of Joshua Othoniel and his Cotemporaries 96 CHAP. VII Sect. 1 2. Of the Phoenician Kingdom and the Invention of Letters 99. 3 4. The Kings of the Ten Tribes from Jeroboam to Achab. 101. CHAP. VIII The History of the Syrians bordering their Tribes on Jordan 103 CHAP IX Memorable things from Joshua to Jeptha 107 CHAP. X. The War and Destruction of Troy 114 CHAP. XI Of Samson Eli and Samuel 117 CHAP. XII Of Saul the First King of Israel 120 CHAP. XIII Of David and his condition under Saul his Reign overthrows the Philistins and Hadadezar his Troubles last Acts his vast Treasure his Cotemporaries 126 CHAP. XIV Of Solomon Anno Mundi 2991. His Building and Glory sends a Fleet to Ophir his Fall Writings and Cotemporaries 133 CHAP. XV. Solomon's Successors to Jehoram Rehoboam's Impiety Punishment End and Cotemporaries Abija succeeds Rehoboam Asa succeeds Abija Israel unhappy under her Princes Jehosaphat succeeds Asa. His Cotemporaries 136 CHAP. XVI Of Jehoram and Ahaziah Jehoram's Reign alone Ahaziah perished with the House of Ahab 143 CHAP. XVII Athaliah's Vsurpation and Government for 6 Years 149 CHAP. XVIII Of Joash Amaziah and their Cotemporaries the Death of Jehojada and Apostacy of Joash Zachariah murdered by Joash The Death of Joash who is succeeded by Amaziah who is overthrown by Joash and afterwards slain An interregnum in Iudah Of Amaziah's Cotemporaries and of Sardanapalus 153 CHAP. XIX Of Uzziah and his Cotemporaries the end of his Reign and Life Of the Olympian Games Jothan and his Cotemporaries Achas and his Cotemporaries 165 CHAP. XX. Of Italy and Rome's Foundation The Aborigines The Latin Kings 'till Aeneas a Trojan of the Blood Royal The beginning of Rome Romulus's Birth and Death 171 CHAP. XXI Of Hezekiah and his Cotemporaries his Deliverance his Sickness and Recovery Kings in Media in his Reign 175 CHAP. XXII Egyptian Kings from Moses to Hezekiah many of which were only Regents or Vice-Roys 177 CHAP. XXIII Of Manasses who succeeded Sethon and his Cotemporaries his Bondage and Enlargement The Messenian Wars 181 CHAP. XXIV Of Ammon Josiah and the rest to the Destruction of Jerusalem 187 BOOK III. From the Destruction of Ierusalem to Philip of Macedon 197 CHAP. I. From the Destruction of Jerusalem to the Assyrian Fall The Connection of Sacred and Prophane History The Babylonish Captivity several Opinions concerning it Nebuchadnezzar's Victories and Actions 197 CHAP. II. The Persian Greatness how it grew 204. CHAP. III. Cyrus the first Persian Monarch He takes Babylon His last Wars His Decree for Building God's Temple His two Sons and three Daughters 206 CHAP. IV. The Persian Affairs from Cyrus to Darius 110 CHAP. V. Darius the Son of Histaspes his Actions and Death 212 CAHP. VI. Xerxes Emperour of Persia his vast Army Opposed by Leonidas burnt the Temple of Athens The Peloponesians beat his Fleet. His Army is soon after Vanquish'd
unprosperous than that of Generals besides the Rapes Slaughters Devastations c. which are so hateful to God That were not the Mercies of God infinite as Monluc Marshal of France confessed it were in vain for those of his profession to hope for any portion thereof such Cruelties being permitted or committed by them And true it is that as the Victories obtained by so many of the greatest Commanders are commonly ascribed either to Fortune or to their Followers or Cowardize of the vanquished so the most whose Virtues have raised them above all Envy have in the end been rewarded either with Disgrace Banishment or Death as Examples both of the Romans and Grecians Witness § 3. Philip well perceiving the Romans aimed at his Kingdom repented himself of his Obsequiousness to them Yet was in ill Condition to help himself having been beaten by them his People unwilling to deal with them and no Friends to assist him Yeâ— Necessity the Mother of Invention made him resolved to remove the Inhabitants of his Maritime Towns to Emathia and people them with Thracians that feared not the Romans He also designed to draw the Bacternae an hardy Nation beyond Danubius into Dardania and to root out the Dardanians always troublesome to Macedon But this device took slow effect and was hindred divers ways His Subjects removed against their Will broke into words which his cruel Nature seeking to repress by putting many unto Death increased to exclamation which inflamed him barbarously to Massacre their Children After this the Furies enter his own House and Vengeance was poured upon him from Heaven in his own Children as was thought by the jealousie he had of Demetrius his Younger Son and the fear Prusius had of him for his Interest in the Romans Affections Wicked Instruments are not wanting who counterfeit a Letter from Quintius to Philip intreating for Demetrius with an intimation of his ambitious Desire against his Brother Prusius One Didas also to whom he was committed by Philip pretending Friendship to him sounded him and told the King that he meant to flye to the Romans who would not fail him So the Father without any examination commanded his unhappy Son to be Murdered and after upon his Cousin Antigonus his searching found out the Contrivance too late Hereupon he intended to confer the Kingdom upon Antigonus but Death prevented it § 4. Perseus succeeded his Father who had Reigned Forty two Years he thought it not expedient to imbroil himself so soon with the Roman War but to settle his Dominions and therefore to prevent danger slew Antigonus Then to get his Subjects Affections he sate in Judgment and made them many publick Shows and to win the Romans he sent and renewed the League Masanissa had heretofore taken the Country of Emporia from Carthage and about this time he took other Land from them by force about Seventy Towns and Castles of which when the Carthaginians complained by their Embassadours prostrate with Tears before the Senate desiring Right or Liberty to defend themselves against him or at least to know how far Masanissa should be allowed to proceed And if none of these would be granted that then the Senate it self would inflict upon them what they thought meet rather than to keep them in continual fear of this Numidian Hangman See the fruits of their Envy against that valiant Family of the Barchines and of the Roman Peace desired by Hanno which hath made them Slaves to the Servants of the Numidian whose Fathers they had used to sell over Africk and Greece Their Answer was gentle but without effect and Masanissa hath a mild rebuke Perseus is not yet brought into such a Yoke but must be for he is questioned for taking up Arms without their leave though to subdue his own Rebels After the same manner they dealt with Greece And of all others with the Achaeans who presumed most on their Favour So that all saw that the Roman Patronage tended to nothing but the bondage of Greece This gave Perseus hopes to find a Party there as indeed he did though it little availed him § 5. Eumenes King of Pergamus hated Perseus exceedingly not only for an Hereditary quarrel with Macedon but for that he perceived the Greeks began to favour him more than himself whom they seemed to neglect for being over serviceable to Rome For Redress hereof he thought it not hard to induce the Romans utterly to overthrow the Macedonian Kingdom which the Greeks now adored to which end he took a second Journey to Rome where he laboured to provoke the Fathers against Perseus which needed not though yet they heard him willingly that their Pretence of War might have the fairer shew as proceeding from the information of such a King come on purpose so far as out of Asia The Rhodians also were there with the Macedonian Embassadours to answer with matter of recrimination that Eumenes had provoked the Lycians to Rebel against the Rhodians Careless Audience was given to the Rhodians for their Friendly Office in conveying Laodice the Daughter of Antiochus to Perseus and their Answer is that the Lycians were assigned to Rhodes not as Vassals but Associates Thus their Subjects are become their Fellows Masanissa and the Aetolians whose Subjects were not increased by the Romans or by the Cities and Peo +ple bestowed upon them after Antiochus's Overthrow but their Friends had cause to resent this Decree The Macedonian Embassadours were heard not so carelesly as angerly being glad that Harpatus the chief Embassadour had by violent Speeches given them cause of anger And though Perseus his faint Heart was not sit to threaten Yet now he might think to get more by a little Bravery than submission seeing the Eyes of all Greece were set upon him for a Delivery from the Roman Servitude And it seems Perseus was not very cautious of offending them when he hired three or four Ruâ—â—ians to Murder Eumenes in his return from Worshiping at Delphos whom they had left for Dead though he recovered The Report of his Death made Attalus his Brother to take upon him as King and would have taken Stratonica his Wife as a matter of State had not Eumenes's coming home put a stop to it All which Eumenes only checked with wishing him not to Marry with the Queen till he was sure the King was Dead who then bequeathed her to him The Senate upon these occasions Decree War and send Embassadours to require satisfaction or to denounce it which Perseus slights calling the Romans greedy and insolent commanding them to depart This present heat was too much he wanting constant resolution which he neglected in hope of Peace § 6. Rome had now fair occasion of War with Macedon which though it had been long sought yet the preparation for War was to seek and the want of it helped to sound the disposition of Greece which they solicite by Embassadours with better terms than Threatnings though they durst not but promise aid to them