concurrer_n kill_v any_o of_o the_o robber_n they_o be_v declare_v free_a upon_o which_o it_o may_v be_v doubt_v if_o such_o as_o kill_v robber_n without_o acquaint_v the_o sheriff_n or_o justice_n of_o peace_n be_v punishable_a and_o it_o seem_v they_o be_v see_v this_o act_n explain_v the_o other_o and_o modify_v somewhat_o the_o indefinite_a power_n give_v to_o private_a person_n who_o upon_o pretence_n of_o such_o invasion_n which_o may_v prove_v very_o dangerous_a and_o therefore_o the_o last_o do_v wise_o require_v the_o concourse_n of_o the_o magistrate_n and_o upon_o this_o consideration_n i_o know_v that_o it_o be_v consult_v that_o notwithstanding_o of_o this_o such_o as_o have_v not_o acquaint_v the_o sheriff_n or_o justice_n can_v not_o be_v exculpat_o and_o yet_o it_o may_v be_v argue_v that_o this_o act_n narrate_v not_o the_o other_o nor_o bear_v express_o a_o rectification_n of_o it_o but_o without_o lessen_v the_o privilege_n therein_o grant_v add_v a_o new_a one_o and_o so_o be_v introduce_v in_o favour_n of_o possessor_n shall_v not_o be_v interpret_v to_o their_o disadvantage_n by_o the_o civil_a law_n licebat_fw-la nocturnum_fw-la furum_fw-la occidere_fw-la and_o by_o the_o 227._o act_n 14._o par._n ja._n 6._o it_o be_v declare_v lawful_a for_o the_o liege_n to_o conveen_n and_o execute_v thief_n and_o they_o be_v all_o make_v justice_n for_o that_o effect_n upon_o which_o act_n a_o defence_n be_v propon_v for_o the_o inhabitant_n of_o kintail_n who_o take_v a_o robber_n and_o execute_v he_o by_o their_o own_o authority_n in_o a_o formal_a court_n but_o by_o the_o civil_a law_n and_o doctor_n it_o be_v not_o lawful_a furem_fw-la vel_fw-la predatorem_fw-la diurnum_fw-la occidere_fw-la except_o the_o thing_n steal_v be_v of_o great_a value_n and_o can_v not_o be_v otherways_o recover_v or_o that_o he_o defend_v himself_o and_o resist_v his_o be_v apprehend_v all_o which_o defence_n may_v be_v prove_v by_o the_o assertion_n of_o the_o killer_n farin_n 125._o part_n 4._o and_o if_o any_o other_o probation_n be_v requisite_a the_o benefit_n of_o these_o act_n be_v a_o snare_n rather_o than_o a_o advantage_n and_o necessity_n legittimat_n many_o thing_n which_o be_v otherways_o hard_o fourteen_o by_o the_o civil_a law_n it_o be_v lawful_a for_o the_o father_n to_o kill_v his_o own_o daughter_n if_o he_o find_v her_o commit_a adultery_n and_o to_o kill_v also_o her_o adulterer_n l._n part_n 1._o ff_n de_fw-fr adult_n which_o be_v allow_v rather_o in_o hatred_n to_o adultery_n then_o because_o the_o law_n consider_v it_o be_v too_o hard_o for_o a_o father_n to_o restrain_v his_o passion_n in_o that_o case_n for_o if_o it_o have_v be_v allow_v to_o the_o father_n only_o upon_o this_o last_o account_n it_o have_v be_v allow_v much_o more_o to_o the_o husband_n to_o kill_v his_o wife_n if_o he_o find_v her_o commit_a adultery_n for_o his_o relation_n be_v near_o and_o his_o honour_n more_o concern_v than_o the_o father_n his_o passion_n behove_v to_o be_v also_o more_o violent_a and_o yet_o the_o law_n be_v jealous_a of_o the_o husband_n violence_n do_v only_o allow_v the_o husband_n to_o kill_v the_o adulterer_n if_o he_o be_v a_o mean_a person_n but_o if_o the_o adulterer_n be_v a_o person_n of_o quality_n or_o if_o the_o adulterer_n be_v find_v elsewhere_o then_o in_o the_o husband_n own_o house_n it_o it_o not_o lawful_a to_o kill_v they_o for_o the_o injury_n be_v heighten_v by_o pollute_v the_o husband_n own_o house_n and_o become_v a_o kind_n of_o adulterous_a hamsuckin_n and_o yet_o if_o the_o husband_n kill_v in_o either_o of_o these_o case_n that_o law_n ordain_v the_o husband_n only_o to_o be_v punish_v by_o some_o arbitrary_a punishment_n but_o not_o by_o death_n l._n marito_fw-la ff_n de_fw-fr adulter_fw-la but_o this_o last_o determination_n do_v not_o satisfy_v justice_n for_o it_o seem_v reasonable_a that_o it_o shall_v be_v rather_o lawful_a to_o kill_v a_o person_n of_o quality_n commit_v adultery_n than_o a_o mean_a person_n both_o because_o adultery_n be_v more_o ordinar_n among_o they_o as_o have_v more_o ease_n and_o be_v more_o luxorious_o feed_v and_o because_o the_o husband_n can_v be_v so_o easy_o presume_v to_o have_v have_v former_a quarrel_n with_o a_o person_n above_o his_o rank_n and_o so_o shall_v be_v believe_v to_o have_v kill_v he_o mere_o to_o satisfy_v his_o just_a revenge_n as_o also_o since_o they_o can_v soon_o prevail_v they_o ought_v to_o be_v more_o rigid_o punish_v the_o law_n have_v deny_v this_o privilege_n to_o woman_n who_o may_v not_o kill_v their_o daughter_n or_o husband_n the_o reason_n whereof_o i_o conceive_v to_o have_v be_v that_o the_o law_n consider_v that_o husband_n be_v more_o prejudge_v than_o the_o wife_n by_o adultery_n since_o thereby_o not_o only_o be_v their_o bed_n defile_v but_o their_o estate_n carry_v away_o to_o another_o man_n child_n or_o else_o it_o think_v woman_n too_o passionate_a to_o be_v entrust_v with_o such_o a_o licence_n or_o that_o it_o be_v undecent_a to_o allow_v woman_n the_o use_n of_o arm_n and_o yet_o i_o believe_v their_o just_a grief_n will_v secure_v they_o against_o the_o ordinar_n punishment_n and_o though_o some_o prerogative_n be_v due_a to_o the_o man_n over_o his_o wife_n but_o not_o è_fw-la contra_fw-la yet_o woman_n may_v complain_v that_o man_n be_v the_o only_a legislator_n have_v take_v too_o great_a a_o measure_n of_o favour_n to_o themselves_o in_o this_o law_n i_o have_v not_o observe_v any_o decision_n of_o this_o in_o our_o law_n and_o since_o our_o statute_n have_v secute_v murderer_n in_o other_o case_n as_o in_o self-defence_n kill_v of_o thief_n etc._n etc._n and_o yet_o have_v not_o privilege_v this_o case_n it_o may_v seem_v that_o the_o husband_n nor_o rather_o can_v kill_v by_o our_o law_n and_o the_o most_o that_o they_o can_v expect_v be_v that_o after_o they_o be_v find_v guilty_a by_o the_o law_n the_o council_n may_v either_o change_v the_o doom_n of_o death_n into_o a_o arbitrary_a punishment_n or_o may_v recomend_v the_o party_n to_o his_o majesty_n clemency_n for_o a_o remission_n but_o it_o be_v hard_a to_o punish_v with_o death_n among_o we_o what_o almost_o all_o nation_n allow_v as_o lawful_a and_o what_o may_v be_v yet_o a_o further_a check_n to_o that_o grow_a vice_n and_o this_o seem_v just_a than_o to_o allow_v with_o the_o civil_a law_n that_o the_o husband_n or_o father_n who_o be_v person_n interest_v shall_v be_v judge_n in_o their_o own_o concern_n and_o shall_v be_v judge_n when_o they_o be_v in_o passion_n and_o because_o they_o be_v in_o passion_n nor_o can_v i_o see_v why_o the_o law_n shall_v punish_v even_o he_o who_o possess_v by_o his_o own_o authority_n what_o be_v true_o his_o own_o and_o yet_o shall_v allow_v here_o the_o party_n interest_v to_o punish_v with_o death_n by_o their_o own_o authority_n or_o that_o passion_n which_o only_o infer_v mitigation_n of_o the_o pain_n elsewhere_o shall_v here_o infer_v absolute_a impunity_n for_o this_o be_v to_o make_v one_o irregular_a act_n legittimat_fw-la another_o since_o passion_n be_v a_o transgression_n against_o reason_n as_o adultery_n be_v against_o law_n but_o since_o this_o indulgence_n be_v personal_a and_o only_o grant_v to_o the_o father_n and_o husband_n because_o of_o their_o just_a passion_n and_o near_a relation_n it_o be_v not_o reasonable_a that_o it_o shall_v be_v extend_v to_o such_o as_o kâ—ll_v by_o the_o father_n or_o husband_n command_v which_o command_v none_o ought_v to_o obey_v be_v contrair_a to_o law_n nor_o ought_v this_o indulgence_n to_o extend_v to_o the_o father_n or_o husband_n when_o they_o kill_v ex_fw-la intervallo_fw-la and_o not_o when_o they_o find_v the_o committer_n in_o the_o very_a transgression_n for_o the_o law_n allow_v no_o passion_n to_o continue_v &_o therefore_o what_o ever_o revenge_n be_v allow_v to_o it_o be_v only_o allow_v if_o it_o be_v execute_v immediate_o &_o ex_fw-la in_o continenti_fw-la and_o though_o in_o civil_a case_n that_o be_v say_v to_o be_v do_v ex_fw-la in_o continenti_fw-la or_o immediate_o which_o be_v do_v before_o the_o doer_n go_v about_o any_o thing_n else_o yet_o i_o conceive_v that_o interpretation_n will_v be_v too_o lax_n in_o this_o case_n and_o that_o the_o killer_n can_v not_o plead_v this_o privilege_n except_o he_o kill_v they_o in_o the_o very_a act_n or_o rise_v from_o it_o homicidium_fw-la deliberatum_fw-la or_o upon_o forethought_a felony_n be_v still_o punishable_a by_o death_n and_o confiscation_n of_o the_o movable_n of_o the_o defunct_a for_o his_o majesty_n use_n stat._n rob._n 3._o cap._n 43._o and_o albeit_o lawyer_n say_v that_o it_o be_v still_o rather_o presumable_a to_o be_v casual_a then_o deliberate_a and_o that_o by_o our_o law_n and_o custom_n design_n be_v still_o libel_v yet_o because_o it_o be_v impossible_a to_o
of_o these_o statute_n conversation_n shall_v be_v criminal_a even_o after_o prohibition_n except_o it_o be_v in_o suspect_v place_n 2._o the_o justice_n be_v only_o declare_v to_o be_v judge_n to_o the_o notoriety_n of_o adultery_n and_o therefore_o it_o may_v be_v controvert_v if_o lord_n of_o regality_n be_v judge_n competent_a to_o the_o cognition_n of_o it_o 3._o this_o act_n do_v not_o exclude_v capital_a punishment_n in_o other_o case_n of_o adultery_n but_o only_o ordain_v that_o these_o three_o degree_n shall_v be_v punish_v by_o death_n and_o since_o there_o be_v other_o case_n more_o grievous_a to_o the_o party_n injure_v and_o more_o scandalous_a to_o the_o commonwealth_n it_o may_v be_v argue_v that_o the_o punishment_n of_o death_n shall_v likewise_o be_v extend_v to_o they_o as_o for_o instance_n to_o commit_v frequent_a adultery_n and_o it_o appear_v it_o be_v upon_o this_o account_n that_o the_o sentence_n of_o death_n be_v pronounce_v against_o sir_n john_n stewart_n for_o three_o adultery_n 15._o august_n 1628._o as_o also_o isabel_n hamiltoun_n be_v pursue_v in_o july_n 1647._o for_o adultery_n and_o have_v enact_v herself_o never_o to_o return_v under_o the_o pain_n of_o death_n she_o have_v thereafter_o return_v be_v immediate_o without_o any_o other_o process_n by_o a_o order_n from_o the_o justice_n execute_v in_o anno_fw-la 1649._o iu._n and_o albeit_o there_o be_v no_o express_a law_n for_o inflict_a death_n in_o other_o case_n upon_o ordinary_a adulterer_n yet_o i_o see_v no_o reason_n why_o the_o justice_n may_v not_o as_o well_o for_o the_o good_a of_o the_o commonwealth_n inflict_v death_n without_o any_o express_a law_n here_o as_o they_o do_v in_o theft_n and_o other_o less_o crime_n and_o in_o effect_n adultery_n include_v theft_n as_o i_o say_v former_o and_o albeit_o inclusio_fw-la unius_fw-la est_fw-la exclusio_fw-la alterius_fw-la and_o that_o it_o may_v be_v argue_v that_o by_o the_o former_a act_n appoint_v death_n in_o the_o case_n abovecited_a the_o punishment_n of_o death_n be_v thereby_o exclude_v in_o other_o case_n yet_o to_o this_o it_o may_v be_v answer_v that_o the_o foresay_a rule_n be_v only_o a_o brocard_n and_o have_v only_o the_o strength_n of_o a_o presumption_n and_o therefore_o take_v only_a place_n in_o favourable_a case_n but_o shall_v not_o be_v extend_v in_o prejudice_n of_o the_o law_n of_o god_n which_o express_o ordain_v adulterer_n to_o die_v and_o in_o the_o foresay_a 74._o act_n 9_o parl._n q._n marry_o it_o be_v declare_v that_o this_o act_n shall_v be_v but_o prejudice_n of_o all_o other_o act_n and_o law_n already_o make_v with_o all_o rigour_n but_o i_o can_v find_v no_o other_o act_n make_v prior_n to_o that_o anent_o adultery_n whereby_o the_o punishment_n be_v limit_v and_o therefore_o i_o believe_v that_o that_o act_n relate_v to_o the_o punishment_n relate_v to_o by_o the_o law_n of_o god_n at_o the_o least_o i_o think_v that_o the_o magistrate_n be_v leave_v to_o his_o own_o freedom_n to_o consider_v circumstance_n and_o whereas_o it_o may_v be_v allege_v that_o if_o single_a adultery_n be_v punishable_a by_o death_n these_o act_n have_v be_v needless_a to_o this_o it_o may_v be_v answer_v that_o the_o design_n of_o the_o former_a act_n be_v to_o necessitat_fw-la the_o magistrate_n always_o in_o the_o case_n express_v in_o that_o act_n to_o inflict_v death_n and_o not_o to_o empower_v they_o only_o to_o do_v so_o and_o see_v single_a adultery_n be_v punishable_a by_o the_o magistrate_n sometime_o by_o banishment_n as_o in_o the_o case_n of_o a_o english_a woman_n in_o december_n 1668._o sometime_o with_o scourge_v as_o in_o the_o case_n of_o ridpath_n december_n 1642._o and_o sometime_o with_o fine_v as_o in_o the_o case_n of_o that_o woman_n who_o commit_v adultery_n with_o george_n swintoun_n in_o anno_fw-la 1666._o though_o there_o be_v no_o express_a law_n warrant_v they_o to_o inflict_v these_o punishment_n and_o whereupon_o the_o pursuer_fw-mi be_v force_v to_o found_v his_o summons_n upon_o the_o law_n of_o god_n and_o law_n of_o nature_n upon_o which_o law_n they_o be_v sustain_v without_o cite_v any_o municipal_a law_n as_o in_o the_o case_n of_o that_o english_a woman_n i_o see_v no_o reason_n why_o they_o may_v not_o by_o the_o same_o law_n inflict_v likewise_o the_o punishment_n of_o death_n albeit_o the_o foresay_a punishment_n of_o death_n be_v appoint_v in_o case_n of_o notour_n adultery_n yet_o the_o council_n do_v use_v to_o mitigate_v the_o punishment_n and_o so_o they_o ordain_v only_a ridpath_n a_o tinker_n though_o he_o be_v find_v guilty_a of_o double_a adultery_n in_o keep_v another_o tinker_n wife_n two_o year_n to_o be_v only_o scourge_v banish_v and_o burn_v on_o the_o cheek_n decemb._n 4._o 1662._o but_o the_o reason_n here_o be_v because_o tinker_n be_v in_o effect_n vile_a person_n who_o be_v seldom_o ever_o lawful_o marry_v and_o in_o such_o i_o find_v of_o old_a adultery_n be_v not_o punish_v by_o death_n as_o l._n 29._o c._n h._n t._n where_o adultery_n commit_v with_o a_o taverner_n be_v not_o punish_v severe_o quas_fw-la aquavitae_fw-la vilitas_fw-la dignas_fw-la legum_fw-la observatione_fw-la non_fw-la credidit_fw-la &_o erant_fw-la infra_fw-la legum_fw-la curam_fw-la and_o some_o respect_n be_v likewise_o have_v here_o to_o that_o absurd_a custom_n among_o tinker_n of_o live_v promiscuous_o and_o use_v one_o another_o wife_n as_o concubine_n the_o council_n sometime_o do_v likewise_o banish_v person_n for_o adultery_n without_o suffer_v they_o to_o come_v before_o a_o justice_n court_n even_o where_o notour_n adultery_n may_v be_v prove_v against_o they_o as_o in_o the_o case_n of_o jeal_n there_o a_o english_a man_n for_o commit_v adultery_n with_o margaret_n hamiltoun_n who_o at_o her_o death_n confess_v that_o the_o say_v there_o have_v lyen_fw-we several_a year_n with_o she_o and_o that_o he_o have_v alienat_fw-la her_o affection_n from_o her_o husband_n which_o induce_v she_o though_o without_o his_o accession_n to_o kill_v her_o husband_n and_o that_o she_o have_v several_a child_n by_o he_o all_o which_o in_o effect_n be_v great_a aggravation_n of_o the_o crime_n and_o he_o deserve_v well_o to_o have_v die_v from_o this_o it_o appear_v that_o the_o punishment_n of_o ordinary_a adultery_n be_v arbitrary_a and_o use_v to_o be_v inflict_v either_o by_o banishment_n whip_v fyne_a or_o imprisonment_n if_o a_o person_n be_v only_o banish_v for_o adultery_n and_o return_v again_o without_o leave_n here_o she_o may_v be_v execute_v and_o thus_o the_o justice_n find_v by_o advice_n of_o the_o council_n in_o the_o case_n of_o griselda_n hamiltoun_n decemb._n 1649._o or_o if_o adultery_n be_v complicate_v with_o any_o other_o crime_n the_o guilt_n be_v thereby_o aggrage_v and_o the_o crime_n may_v be_v capital_o punish_v thus_o margaret_n thomson_n be_v execute_v for_o commit_v adultery_n with_o a_o minister_n and_o for_o falsify_v a_o testimonial_a to_o the_o end_n she_o may_v get_v her_o child_n baptise_a may_v 28._o 1646._o v._o since_o adultery_n be_v only_o commit_v betwixt_o marry_a person_n it_o be_v therefore_o requisite_a that_o the_o libel_n in_o adultery_n bear_v that_o such_o person_n be_v marry_v and_o one_o of_o the_o ordinary_a fault_n commit_v by_o the_o pursuer_fw-mi in_o this_o crime_n be_v they_o seldom_o ever_o lead_v witness_n for_o prove_v the_o marriage_n without_o which_o be_v prove_v or_o be_v notour_n to_o the_o assize_n they_o shall_v not_o file_v the_o panel_n though_o copulation_n be_v prove_v but_o though_o the_o marriage_n be_v not_o just_a but_o only_o a_o suppose_a marriage_n or_o matrimonium_fw-la putativum_fw-la as_o lawyer_n call_v it_o yet_o the_o violation_n even_o of_o that_o marriage_n will_v infer_v adultery_n as_o for_o instance_n if_o a_o man_n not_o know_v the_o relation_n shall_v marry_v within_o the_o degree_n de_fw-fr fendant_n though_o there_o be_v in_o that_o case_n no_o lawful_a marriage_n yet_o if_o either_o of_o these_o party_n who_o be_v marry_v shall_v lie_v with_o any_o other_o they_o will_v be_v guilty_a of_o adultery_n cravet_fw-la consilio_fw-la 205._o num_fw-la 36._o the_o reason_n whereof_o be_v because_o the_o committer_n do_v all_o that_o lay_v in_o his_o power_n to_o commit_v adultery_n which_o be_v the_o main_a thing_n to_o be_v look_v to_o in_o crime_n nam_fw-la proposita_fw-la maleficia_fw-la distinguant_fw-la and_o from_o this_o i_o be_o much_o incline_v to_o think_v that_o conatus_fw-la or_o a_o endeavour_n to_o commit_v adultery_n if_o the_o adulterer_n do_v all_o that_o in_o he_o lay_v to_o accomplish_v the_o say_a design_n make_v the_o committer_n guilty_a of_o adultery_n if_o that_o design_n be_v bring_v the_o length_n of_o be_v in_o actu_fw-la proximo_fw-la as_o lawyer_n call_v it_o though_o in_o that_o case_n i_o think_v the_o rigour_n of_o the_o ordinary_a punishment_n shall_v be_v somewhat_o remit_v &_o haec_fw-la attentatio_fw-la est_fw-la
the_o offer_n have_v before_o their_o examination_n come_v to_o light_n ix_o the_o three_o kind_n of_o falsehood_n be_v commit_v by_o falsify_v money_n falsum_fw-la nummartum_fw-la which_o be_v account_v so_o great_a a_o crime_n that_o it_o be_v common_o except_v out_o of_o remission_n as_o may_v be_v see_v in_o crightoun_n remission_n march_v 15._o 1661._o this_o crime_n be_v commit_v 1._o by_o forge_v true_a money_n without_o authority_n 2._o by_o coin_v false_a money_n and_o impress_v copper_n lead_v or_o any_o base_a metal_n with_o the_o stamp_n of_o the_o prince_n or_o of_o other_o currant_n money_n 2._o by_o mix_v and_o ally_v worset_n with_o noble_a metal_n in_o currant_n coin_n 4._o by_o vent_v and_o pass_v or_o out-putting_a as_o our_o law_n term_v it_o the_o adulterate_a money_n coin_a by_o other_o or_o entertain_v the_o forger_n or_o be_v art_n and_o part_v red_a or_o of_o the_o council_n with_o the_o coiner_n by_o the_o civil_a law_n qui_fw-la probos_fw-la nummos_fw-la cudunt_fw-la sed_fw-la non_fw-la in_o officina_fw-la publica_fw-la tenentur_fw-la lege_fw-la cornelia_n nummaria_fw-la l._n 12._o c._n de_fw-fr falsa_fw-la monet_fw-la qui_fw-la adulterinos_fw-la cudunt_fw-la &_o qui_fw-la veros_fw-la adulterant_fw-la radunt_fw-la fingunt_fw-la l._n qui_fw-la cunque_fw-la &_o l._n seque_fw-la ff_n hoc_fw-la tit_n qui_fw-la nammos_fw-la probos_fw-la lavant_fw-la constant_a aut_fw-la vultu_fw-la principum_fw-la signatos_fw-la reprobant_fw-la l._n 1._o c._n de_fw-fr vet_n numis_fw-la pot_n by_o our_o law_n every_o burgh_n shall_v have_v a_o clipping-house_n which_o be_v a_o house_n for_o try_v money_n for_o the_o trial_n be_v by_o clip_v and_o swear_v man_n who_o shall_v clip_v evil_a money_n who_o be_v to_o have_v a_o penny_n for_o ilk_fw-mi pound_n that_o be_v clip_v and_o the_o haver_n be_v to_o tine_n the_o false-money_n i._o 6._o p._n 1._o c._n 19_o and_o the_o clip_a money_n if_o it_o be_v evil_a stuff_n or_o false_a coin_n shall_v be_v return_v to_o the_o owner_n i._o 4._o p._n 4._o act_n 4._o they_o who_o falsify_v money_n or_o counterfeit_v the_o king_n iron_n be_v to_o be_v justify_v id_fw-la est_fw-la punish_v according_a to_o the_o old_a law_n act_n 124._o p._n 7._o i._o 5._o by_o which_o act_n though_o it_o be_v add_v according_a to_o the_o old_a law_n yet_o we_o have_v no_o law_n de_fw-fr falso_fw-la nummario_fw-la prio_fw-la to_o this_o except_o act_n 40._o p._n 5._o i._o 3._o which_o punish_v only_o the_o home-bringer_n of_o black_a money_n with_o death_n by_o the_o act_n 70._o p._n 9_o q._n m._n the_o home-bringer_n of_o false_a coin_v or_o lay-money_n shall_v be_v dilate_v and_o the_o dilater_n be_v to_o have_v the_o half_a of_o all_o his_o good_n movable_a and_o immovable_a for_o his_o reveal_n and_o it_o seem_v by_o that_o act_n that_o it_o be_v make_v treason_n for_o confiscation_n of_o land_n or_o movable_a good_n be_v only_o in_o the_o case_n of_o treason_n and_o i_o find_v no_o other_o act_n that_o can_v be_v the_o foundation_n of_o drummond_n conviction_n as_o a_o traitor_n et_fw-fr de_fw-fr practica_fw-la this_o crime_n have_v be_v diverse_o punish_v reid_n be_v hang_v for_o forge_v false_a money_n with_o the_o king_n iron_n july_n 13._o 1602._o drummond_n burn_v for_o forge_v false_a money_n novemb_n 27._o 1601._o and_o his_o brother_n patrick_n drummond_n burn_v also_o for_o art_n and_o part_n red_a counsel_n and_o conceal_v the_o treasonable_a forge_n coin_v and_o out-putting_a for_o vent_v be_v still_o a_o crime_n and_o be_v design_v out-putting_a in_o our_o style_n of_o false_a money_n meinzy_n also_o be_v hang_v for_o art_n and_o part_n as_o say_v be_v june_n 30._o 1603._o thomson_n be_v hang_v and_o forefault_n for_o bring_v home_o and_o out-putting_a false_a money_n january_n 19_o 1603._o x._o the_o four_o species_n of_o falsehood_n be_v false_a weight_n and_o measure_n adulterinae_fw-la staterae_fw-la which_o be_v punish_v per_fw-la l._n corneliam_n l._n annonam_fw-la ff_n de_fw-fr extraord_n crim_n &_o falsae_fw-la measurae_fw-la which_o be_v punish_v per_fw-la relegationem_fw-la ibid._n with_o we_o the_o use_v false_a measure_n or_o weight_n of_o old_a be_v punish_v by_o a_o fine_a leg_n burg._n cap._n 52._o and_o the_o baily_n of_o the_o burgh_n be_v declare_v judge_n competent_a thereto_o for_o the_o first_o three_o fault_n but_o the_o forth_o be_v declare_v to_o be_v only_o punishable_a by_o the_o justice_n because_o the_o committer_n life_n be_v to_o be_v in_o the_o king_n will_v cap._n 74._o ibid._n but_o now_o such_o as_o use_v false_a measure_n or_o weight_n deceive_v the_o people_n be_v to_o be_v indict_v as_o falsar_n act_n 47._o p._n 4._o i._o 4._o by_o which_o act_n haver_n can_v be_v punish_v except_o they_o use_v since_o the_o act_n ordain_v user_n to_o be_v punish_v and_o mention_n only_o such_o as_o deceive_v the_o people_n which_o be_v not_o do_v without_o use_v and_o by_o the_o 2._o act_n parl._n 19_o ja._n 6._o the_o user_n of_o false_a weight_n and_o measure_n be_v to_o tine_n their_o hail_n good_n and_o geir_n which_o punishment_n derogat_n not_o from_o the_o former_a act_n inflict_v the_o punishment_n of_o falsit_fw-la as_o have_v be_v debate_v more_o full_o in_o the_o title_n of_o deforcement_n de_fw-fr practica_fw-la i_o find_v that_o brown_n be_v fyne_v for_o false_a measure_n by_o the_o council_n warrant_v in_o 100_o mark_n pen._n july_n 1629._o and_o that_o porteus_n be_v find_v guilty_a though_o use_v be_v not_o prove_v since_o have_v of_o false_a weight_n in_o the_o shop_n presume_v use_v except_o this_o presumption_n be_v take_v off_o as_o by_o allege_v that_o the_o weight_n be_v present_o buy_v or_o borrow_v or_o lay_v aside_o as_o light_v may_n 1671._o by_o the_o foresay_a last_o act_n the_o sheriff_n lord_n of_o regality_n and_o stewart_n be_v declare_v judge_n competent_a to_o this_o crime_n but_o their_o commission_n there_o be_v only_o tempory_o for_o a_o year_n and_o therefore_o it_o may_v be_v conclude_v that_o these_o be_v not_o otherways_o judge_n competent_a to_o this_o crime_n else_o this_o commission_n have_v be_v unnecessary_a the_o use_v also_o a_o long_a ell_n or_o yard_n be_v also_o punishable_a though_o it_o will_v appear_v that_o here_o the_o merchant_n himself_o be_v only_o prejudge_v for_o he_o may_v receive_v as_o well_o as_o give_v out_o by_o it_o nor_o do_v the_o law_n presume_v that_o a_o man_n will_v keep_v any_o measure_n to_o his_o own_o disadvantage_n i_o find_v also_o that_o there_o be_v a_o merchant_n in_o elgin_n pursue_v before_o the_o justice_n july_n ult_n 1672._o for_o false_a weight_n in_o swaâ—_n far_o as_o he_o go_v to_o a_o mercat_n drag_v his_o tobacco_n after_o the_o boat_n in_o the_o salt_n water_n which_o make_v it_o weigh_v more_o than_o otherwise_o it_o will_v have_v do_v and_o so_o the_o people_n be_v cheat_v but_o the_o diet_n be_v desert_v and_o though_o the_o defender_n allege_v that_o this_o be_v do_v for_o keep_v the_o tobacco_n from_o dry_v too_o much_o and_o moulder_v into_o piece_n yet_o the_o magistrate_n of_o elgin_n have_v fyned_fw-we he_o former_o for_o the_o same_o fault_n in_o 20._o pound_n scot_n even_o for_o the_o ill_a example_n paena_fw-la falsi_fw-la arbitraria_fw-la tenetur_fw-la qui_fw-la in_o sua_fw-la mercatura_fw-la addit_fw-la inutile_fw-la ut_fw-la pulverem_fw-la arenam_fw-la etc._n etc._n aut_fw-la species_n aridas_fw-la detinet_fw-la in_o loco_fw-la humido_fw-la carp_n pag._n 375._o xi_o falshood_n be_v also_o commit_v by_o assume_v a_o false_a name_n vid._n stellionatum_fw-la and_o by_o present_v one_o person_n for_o another_o at_o the_o subscribe_v of_o paper_n suppositio_fw-la salsae_fw-la personae_fw-la which_o be_v punish_v tanquam_fw-la partum_fw-la svi_fw-la positum_fw-la by_o the_o civil_a law_n i_o find_v one_o david_n donaldson_n hang_v for_o this_o imposture_n have_v make_v use_v of_o a_o false_a person_n who_o design_v himself_o to_o be_v the_o person_n who_o shall_v by_o the_o agreement_n have_v subscribe_v the_o assignation_n decemb._n 12._o 1611._o the_o suppose_v a_o false_a birth_n that_o be_v to_o say_v the_o lay_n in_o one_o child_n for_o another_o be_v punishable_a as_o a_o false_a deed_n with_o the_o punishment_n of_o falsehood_n since_o thereby_o man_n be_v cheat_v out_o of_o their_o estate_n l._n ad_fw-la corn._n the_o fall_v the_o word_n whereof_o be_v periculum_fw-la capitis_fw-la subeat_fw-la be_v find_v to_o extend_v to_o death_n boer_n decis_fw-la 82._o and_o the_o midwife_n who_o bring_v in_o such_o a_o false_a child_n be_v punish_v by_o death_n pegner_n decis_fw-la 80._o but_o i_o find_v that_o farin_n relate_v that_o periculum_fw-la capitis_fw-la be_v in_o this_o case_n extend_v no_o further_o than_o scourge_v but_o yet_o since_o this_o be_v a_o great_a cheat_n and_o do_v steal_v away_o a_o estate_n from_o the_o righteous_a heir_n and_o adulterats_n the_o offspring_n it_o ought_v to_o be_v panish_v as_o severe_o
sodomy_n in_o which_o endeavour_n be_v punishable_a by_o the_o opinion_n of_o the_o doctor_n though_o by_o the_o law_n of_o england_n sodomy_n require_v habuisse_fw-la rem_fw-la veneream_n &_o pverum_fw-la carnaliter_fw-la cognovisse_fw-la cook_n p._n 59_o albeit_o the_o manner_n of_o death_n be_v not_o express_v in_o this_o act_n yet_o practic_a have_v determine_v the_o same_o to_o be_v hang_v as_o in_o the_o case_n of_o barnoch_n who_o be_v hang_v for_o commit_v incest_n with_o his_o own_o sister_n decemb._n 8._o 1641._o and_o of_o joan_n knox_n who_o be_v hang_v for_o commit_v incest_n with_o her_o husband_n brother_n may_v 1646._o sometime_o it_o be_v likewise_o punish_v with_o head_v as_o in_o the_o case_n of_o james_n strang_n who_o be_v behead_v for_o commit_v incest_n with_o his_o brother_n daughter_n the_o 4._o of_o april_n 1649._o iii_o sodomy_n be_v when_o a_o man_n lie_v with_o a_o man_n for_o which_o both_o be_v punishable_a by_o death_n l._n cum_fw-la vir_fw-la nubit_fw-la c._n the_o adult_n they_o be_v burn_v in_o france_n and_o savoy_n as_o gothofred_n observe_v by_o the_o 25._o act_n henry_n the_o 8._o sodomy_n be_v declare_v felony_n and_o the_o punishment_n of_o felony_n by_o the_o law_n of_o england_n be_v in_o all_o case_n to_o be_v hang_v by_o the_o neck_n till_o death_n though_o carpzovius_fw-la and_o the_o other_o doctor_n be_v of_o opinion_n that_o confession_n alone_o be_v not_o a_o sufficient_a probation_n in_o this_o crime_n except_o other_o presumption_n concur_v for_o clear_v that_o the_o crime_n be_v true_o commit_v yet_o with_o we_o the_o confession_n itself_o without_o any_o other_o adminicle_n be_v sufficient_a to_o infer_v the_o punishment_n of_o death_n except_o the_o confessor_n be_v know_v or_o at_o least_o suspect_v to_o be_v distemper_v mastrupatio_fw-la est_fw-la ubi_fw-la quis_fw-la propriis_fw-la manibus_fw-la aliove_n instrumento_fw-la se_fw-la polluit_fw-la &_o punitur_fw-la ut_fw-la sodomia_fw-la carp_n part._n 2._o quest_n 76._o haec_fw-la paena_fw-la non_fw-la est_fw-la in_o usu_fw-la apud_fw-la nos_fw-la iv._o bestiality_n be_v when_o a_o man_n lie_v with_o a_o beast_n which_o the_o roman_n also_o punish_v with_o death_n and_o in_o which_o some_o lawyer_n affirm_v the_o endeavour_n be_v as_o high_o punishable_a as_o the_o crime_n itself_o effectus_fw-la sine_fw-la affectu_fw-la papon_n lib._n 22._o tit_n 7._o art_n 1._o damhaud_fw-fr cap._n 96._o n._n 16._o which_o opinion_n they_o find_v upon_o the_o attrocity_n of_o the_o crime_n and_o it_o seem_v that_o he_o deserve_v not_o to_o live_v who_o can_v harbour_v such_o horrid_a thought_n but_o especial_o if_o he_o do_v all_o that_o be_v in_o his_o power_n to_o put_v his_o design_n in_o practice_n and_o be_v only_o let_v by_o some_o interveen_a accident_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d but_o yet_o other_o lawyer_n conclude_v that_o even_o in_o this_o crime_n the_o endeavour_n be_v punishable_a by_o a_o less_o severe_a punishment_n than_o death_n which_o seem_v clear_a by_o l._n 1._o §_o fin_fw-fr ff_n de_fw-fr extraord_n crim_n qui_fw-la pvero_fw-la struprum_fw-la abducto_fw-la ab_fw-la eo_fw-la vel_fw-la corrupto_fw-la comite_fw-la persuaserit_fw-la aut_fw-la mulierem_fw-la puellamve_fw-la interpellaverit_fw-la quidve_fw-la impudicitiae_fw-la gratia_fw-la fecerit_fw-la perfecto_fw-la flagitio_fw-la punitur_fw-la capite_fw-la imperfecto_fw-la in_o insulam_fw-la deportatur_fw-la and_o though_o in_o hot_a country_n where_o custom_n and_o climate_n lessen_v this_o crime_n the_o crime_n be_v by_o their_o lawyer_n think_v punishable_a less_o severe_o yet_o with_o we_o death_n ought_v to_o punish_v it_o if_o the_o delinquent_n be_v only_o let_v by_o other_o and_o in_o both_o their_o crime_n of_o sodomy_n and_o bestiality_n witness_n who_o be_v liable_a to_o exception_n will_v be_v receive_v because_o of_o the_o attrocity_n of_o the_o crime_n bos._n de_fw-fr judiciis_fw-la we_o have_v no_o particular_a statute_n for_o punish_v either_o sodomy_n or_o bestiality_n for_o they_o be_v crime_n extraordinar_fw-mi and_o rare_o commit_v in_o this_o kingdom_n but_o our_o libel_n bear_v that_o albeit_o by_o the_o law_n of_o the_o omnipotent_a god_n as_o it_o be_v declare_v in_o the_o 20._o c._n of_o leviticus_n as_o well_o the_o man_n who_o lie_v with_o mankind_n as_o the_o man_n who_o lie_v with_o a_o beast_n be_v punishable_a by_o death_n yet_o etc._n etc._n the_o ordinar_n punishment_n in_o both_o these_o be_v burn_v and_o the_o beast_n be_v also_o burn_v with_o which_o the_o bestiality_n be_v commit_v as_o in_o the_o case_n of_o james_n fidde_v who_o be_v convict_v of_o bestiality_n be_v ordain_v to_o be_v burn_v in_o the_o last_o of_o may_n 1650._o and_o major_a weir_n april_n 1670._o yet_o sometime_o it_o be_v only_o punish_v by_o hang_v and_o thus_o john_n logie_n be_v only_o hang_v in_o july_n 1642._o and_o james_n wilson_n be_v only_o hang_v for_o the_o same_o crime_n 15._o feb._n 1649._o which_o last_o sentence_n bear_v that_o the_o execution_n shall_v be_v very_o early_o in_o the_o morning_n and_o ordain_v the_o mare_n with_o which_o the_o buggery_n be_v commit_v to_o be_v drown_v in_o any_o moss_n or_o loach_n title_n xvi_o raptus_fw-la ravish_v 1._o the_o nature_n of_o a_o rapt_v describe_v and_o its_o punishment_n 2._o whether_o the_o violent_a lie_v with_o a_o woman_n without_o the_o carry_v she_o away_o be_v a_o rapt_v 3._o if_o the_o carry_v a_o woman_n away_o upon_o any_o other_o account_n then_o lust_n be_v a_o rapt_v 4._o if_o the_o carry_v she_o away_o without_o lie_v with_o she_o be_v a_o rapt_v 5._o if_o a_o woman_n carry_v away_o a_o man_n be_v a_o rapt_v 6._o whether_o a_o subsequent_a consent_n purge_v this_o crime_n 7._o some_o instance_n of_o the_o punishment_n of_o this_o crime_n 8._o whether_o the_o parent_n consent_n not_o be_v obtain_v make_v a_o rapt_v 9_o whether_o minor_n and_o such_o as_o force_v common_a whore_n be_v punishable_a for_o a_o rapt_v rapt_v or_o ravish_v be_v that_o crime_n which_o be_v commit_v in_o the_o violent_a carry_v away_o a_o woman_n from_o one_o place_n to_o another_o for_o satisfy_v the_o ravisher_n lust_n and_o be_v in_o the_o civil_a law_n punishable_a by_o death_n l._n un_fw-fr c._n the_o rapt_v virgin_n etc._n etc._n in_o our_o law_n it_o be_v one_o of_o the_o four_o point_n of_o the_o crown_n that_o be_v to_o say_v the_o cognition_n of_o it_o belong_v only_o to_o his_o majesty_n justice_n and_o not_o to_o any_o other_o judge_n r._n maj._n l._n 1._o c._n 1._o n._n 6._o and_o be_v punishable_a by_o death_n and_o confiscation_n of_o the_o committer_n moveable_n for_o albeit_o i_o remember_v not_o that_o the_o punishment_n of_o death_n be_v express_o appoint_v for_o it_o yet_o in_o the_o 8_o cap._n l._n 4._o r._n m._n it_o be_v say_v express_o that_o it_o shall_v be_v punish_v as_o the_o other_o crime_n above_o relate_v and_o these_o be_v murder_n treason_n and_o fire-raising_a which_o be_v all_o capital_o punish_v and_o by_o the_o act._n 4._o p._n 21._o i._o 6._o it_o be_v declare_v that_o albeit_o the_o consent_n and_o declaration_n of_o the_o woman_n ravish_v declare_v that_o she_o go_v away_o of_o her_o own_o free_a will_n may_v free_v the_o committer_n from_o capital_a punishment_n yet_o shall_v it_o not_o free_v he_o from_o such_o arbitrary_a punishment_n as_o his_o majesty_n shall_v inflict_v by_o ward_n confiscation_n of_o their_o good_n or_o impose_v upon_o they_o pecunial_a mulct_n which_o act_n insinuat_v that_o the_o crime_n be_v otherways_o capital_a else_o that_o act_n have_v be_v unnecessar_n ii_o the_o definition_n give_v of_o a_o rapt_v l._n 4._o c._n 8._o r.m._n be_v that_o it_o be_v the_o unjust_a oppress_v of_o a_o woman_n by_o a_o man_n against_o the_o king_n peace_n in_o which_o it_o differ_v from_o the_o civil_a law_n at_o least_o from_o some_o doctor_n who_o allege_v that_o lie_v with_o a_o woman_n or_o abuse_v her_o body_n violent_o be_v not_o a_o rapt_v except_o she_o be_v carry_v from_o one_o place_n to_o another_o albeit_o they_o do_v confess_v that_o this_o violence_n be_v punishable_a by_o deportation_n or_o banishment_n and_o be_v as_o some_o affirm_v non_fw-la raptus_fw-la sed_fw-la stuprum_fw-la l._n 3._o c._n de_fw-fr ad_fw-la leg_n iu_n l._n de_fw-fr vi_fw-la but_o yet_o other_o lawyer_n and_o chief_o mathaeus_n do_v conclude_v that_o albeit_o the_o away_o take_v and_o the_o force_n or_o violent_a abuse_v a_o woman_n body_n be_v different_o punish_v yet_o they_o be_v degree_n of_o the_o same_o crime_n and_o both_o be_v rapt_n but_o according_a to_o our_o law_n both_o be_v rapt_n and_o both_o punishable_a by_o death_n neither_o do_v our_o law_n make_v any_o distinction_n inter_fw-la raptores_fw-la &_o deforciatores_fw-la mulierum_fw-la betwixt_o ravisher_n and_o deforcer_n of_o woman_n and_o it_o be_v most_o unreasonable_a that_o he_o who_o defloure_n a_o woman_n violent_o shall_v not_o be_v as_o severe_o punish_v
of_o achingter_n daughter_n 5._o july_n 1596._o yet_o i_o find_v that_o john_n kincaid_n have_v come_v in_o the_o king_n will_v feb._n 1601._o for_o ravish_a isobel_n hutchison_n a_o widow_n the_o king_n only_o fine_v he_o in_o 2500_o mark_n harry_n speed_n be_v hang_v 20._o feb._n 1639._o quia_fw-la laceravit_fw-la pudenda_fw-la pveri_fw-la which_o crime_n jul._n clar._n gothofred_n and_o other_o affirm_v to_o be_v also_o capital_a in_o their_o country_n i_o find_v one_o leiutenent_n ker_n pursue_v for_o ravish_v and_o away-taking_a robert_n cuninghame_n 6._o feb._n 1640._o but_o this_o be_v rather_o a_o species_n of_o plagium_n then_o of_o rapt_v vii_o since_o minor_n be_v punishable_a by_o death_n for_o adultery_n much_o more_o ought_v they_o to_o be_v punishable_a by_o death_n for_o a_o rapt_v since_o the_o injury_n be_v there_o both_o more_o attorcious_a and_o more_o unnatural_a and_o carp_n part_n 2._o quest._n 75._o give_v we_o several_a instance_n where_o this_o crime_n be_v capital_o punish_v in_o minor_n where_o he_o likewise_o tell_v we_o that_o to_o force_v even_o a_o common_a whore_n be_v capital_o punishable_a though_o it_o may_v seem_v that_o they_o be_v infralegum_fw-la obseruantiam_fw-la and_o they_o ought_v not_o to_o have_v the_o protection_n of_o the_o law_n who_o offend_v against_o it_o title_n xvii_o adultery_n 1._o the_o definition_n of_o adultery_n and_o whether_o the_o lie_a with_o a_o unmarried_a woman_n or_o with_o a_o whore_n be_v adultery_n 2._o the_o punishment_n of_o adultery_n by_o the_o law_n of_o god_n and_o our_o law_n 3._o the_o difference_n betwixt_o single_a and_o nottour_n adultery_n 4._o whether_o death_n can_v be_v inflict_v for_o single_a adultery_n in_o scotland_n 5._o whether_o the_o marriage_n ought_v to_o be_v prove_v 6._o who_o can_v be_v punish_v as_o accessory_n in_o adultery_n 7._o what_o probation_n be_v requisite_a in_o adultery_n 8._o whether_o a_o dicreet_a of_o devorce_n before_o the_o commissary_n be_v sufficient_a to_o prove_v adultery_n in_o a_o criminal_a case_n 9_o whether_o he_o who_o hear_v his_o wife_n be_v dead_a marry_v another_o be_v punishable_a as_o a_o adulterer_n 10._o whether_o a_o pursuit_n be_v intend_v for_o nottour_n adultery_n and_o single_a adultery_n only_o prove_v if_o the_o single_a adultery_n can_v be_v punish_v in_o that_o case_n 11._o how_o adulterous_a child_n succeed_v adultery_n be_v a_o sin_n whereby_o man_n not_o only_o violat_a the_o second_o table_n in_o wrong_v their_o neighbour_n by_o steal_v from_o he_o his_o quiet_a his_o good_a name_n the_o affection_n and_o person_n of_o his_o wife_n endeavour_v also_o ofttimes_o to_o steal_v his_o estate_n for_o the_o adulterous_a child_n but_o be_v likewise_o a_o breach_n of_o the_o first_o in_o break_v of_o that_o vow_n which_o be_v make_v to_o god_n in_o marriage_n and_o contemn_v that_o holy_a and_o mighty_a majesty_n who_o be_v then_o call_v upon_o as_o judge_n and_o witness_v i._o adulterium_fw-la est_fw-la vitiatio_fw-la alterius_fw-la thori_fw-la the_o violation_n of_o another_o bed_n and_o be_v commit_v by_o a_o marry_a person_n lie_v with_o a_o unmarried_a or_o a_o unmarried_a person_n lie_v with_o one_o who_o be_v marry_v for_o albeit_o by_o the_o civil_a law_n when_o a_o man_n who_o be_v marry_v do_v lie_v with_o a_o woman_n who_o be_v free_a that_o be_v judge_v to_o be_v no_o adultery_n and_o albeit_o the_o lie_a with_o a_o whore_n by_o the_o civil_a law_n be_v judge_v no_o adultery_n l._n 22._o cod._n hoc_fw-la tit_n si_fw-mi ea_fw-la quae_fw-la stupro_fw-la tibi_fw-la cognita_fw-la est_fw-la &_o passim_fw-la venalem_fw-la formam_fw-la exhibuit_fw-la ac_fw-la prostitutam_fw-la meritricio_fw-la more_fw-it vulgo_fw-la se_fw-la praebuit_fw-la adulterii_fw-la crimen_fw-la in_o ea_fw-la cessat_fw-la upon_o which_o law_n the_o doctor_n conclude_v that_o though_o he_o who_o first_o debaush_v a_o woman_n with_o adultery_n be_v punishable_a as_o a_o adulterer_n yet_o these_o who_o do_v thereafter_o debauch_v she_o can_v farr_n quest._n 141._o num_fw-la 85._o yet_o this_o be_v against_o both_o the_o law_n of_o god_n and_o our_o law_n for_o the_o lie_v with_o another_o man_n wife_n be_v still_o adultery_n but_o so_o it_o be_v that_o though_o she_o be_v a_o whore_n yet_o she_o be_v another_o man_n wife_n nor_o be_v the_o marriage_n dissolve_v by_o the_o adultery_n and_o yet_o i_o think_v that_o if_o the_o woman_n with_o who_o the_o adultery_n be_v commit_v be_v at_o the_o time_n when_o the_o same_o be_v commit_v live_v as_o a_o common_a whore_n and_o the_o committer_n be_v a_o single_a man_n who_o know_v not_o of_o she_o be_v marry_v his_o punishment_n shall_v be_v somewhat_o moderate_a upon_o that_o account_n but_o if_o the_o committer_n be_v marry_v the_o crime_n be_v the_o same_o whether_o the_o woman_n be_v a_o whore_n or_o not_o since_o it_o be_v still_o a_o violation_n upon_o the_o man_n part_n to_o lie_v likewise_o with_o a_o man_n betroth_a or_o promise_a spouse_n or_o as_o we_o say_v his_o affidat_n spouse_n be_v adultery_n na_o nec_fw-la violare_fw-la licet_fw-la matrimonium_fw-la nec_fw-la spem_fw-la matrimonii_fw-la l._n 13._o §_o diu_fw-la 6._o ff_n h._n t._n which_o agree_v as_o i_o conceive_v with_o deu._n 22.23_o where_o he_o who_o lie_v with_o a_o betroth_a virgin_n shall_v be_v stone_v as_o a_o adulterer_n because_o say_v verse_n 24._o he_o lie_v with_o his_o neighbour_n wife_n and_o he_o who_o lie_v with_o a_o betroth_a virgin_n who_o be_v to_o be_v short_o marry_v render_v the_o succession_n as_o doubtful_a as_o he_o who_o lie_v with_o a_o marry_a wife_n the_o punishment_n of_o adultery_n by_o the_o civil_a law_n be_v death_n as_o some_o think_v by_o the_o julian_n law_n relegatio_fw-la or_o banishment_n as_o other_o think_v but_o certain_o the_o pain_n of_o death_n be_v the_o punishment_n to_o be_v inflict_v by_o that_o excellent_a constitution_n leg_n quamvis_fw-la cod._n hoc_fw-la do_fw-mi albeit_o thereafter_o justinian_n do_v by_o the_o 134._o n._n cap._n 11._o remit_v to_o the_o woman_n the_o pain_n of_o death_n and_o ordain_v she_o only_o to_o be_v imprison_v in_o a_o monastery_n by_o the_o law_n likewise_o of_o most_o nation_n adultery_n be_v only_o punishable_a by_o pecuniary_a mulct_n albeit_o by_o the_o law_n of_o god_n it_o be_v punishable_a by_o ston_a both_o man_n and_o woman_n to_o death_n 20._o deut._n 22._o which_o punishment_n some_o think_v likewise_o to_o have_v be_v abrogate_a by_o our_o saviour_n because_o when_o the_o woman_n accuse_v for_o adultery_n be_v bring_v before_o he_o he_o do_v dismiss_v she_o without_o any_o punishment_n but_o this_o be_v very_o groundless_a for_o our_o saviour_n come_v not_o to_o be_v a_o judge_n in_o such_o cause_n as_o himself_o declare_v and_o though_o he_o have_v be_v a_o judge_n yet_o she_o want_v a_o accuser_n iii_o our_o law_n divide_v adultery_n in_o that_o which_o be_v notour_n adultery_n and_o single_a adultery_n notour_fw-fr adultery_n be_v by_o the_o 74._o act_n parl._n 9_o q._n marry_o declare_v to_o be_v punishable_a by_o death_n after_o premonition_n be_v make_v to_o abstain_v from_o the_o say_v manifest_a and_o notour_n crime_n which_o premonition_n have_v its_o origin_n from_o auth._n si_fw-la quis_fw-la c._n ad_fw-la l._n 1._o de_fw-fr adult_n by_o which_o it_o be_v lawful_a for_o the_o husband_n to_o kill_v he_o who_o be_v thrice_o premonish_v not_o to_o converse_v with_o his_o wife_n and_o in_o effect_n the_o design_n of_o that_o act_n be_v only_o to_o punish_v a_o horrid_a abuse_n which_o be_v then_o ordinar_n viz._n the_o take_v away_o other_o man_n wife_n and_o keep_v they_o open_o as_o their_o own_o to_o the_o great_a contempt_n of_o law_n yet_o by_o the_o explication_n of_o this_o act_n which_o be_v give_v by_o the_o 105._o act_n 7._o parl._n i._n 6._o that_o be_v only_o declare_v to_o be_v notour_n adultery_n where_o 1._o there_o be_v bairn_n one_o or_o more_o procreate_v betwixt_o the_o adulterer_n 2._o when_o they_o keep_v company_n or_o bed_n together_o notorious_o know_v 3._o when_o they_o be_v suspect_v of_o adultery_n and_o thereby_o give_v slander_n to_o the_o kirk_n whereupon_o be_v admonish_v to_o satisfy_v the_o kirk_n they_o contemptuous_o refuse_v and_o for_o their_o refusal_n they_o be_v excommunicate_a if_o either_o of_o which_o three_o degree_n be_v prove_v before_o the_o justice_n the_o committer_n be_v punishable_a by_o death_n from_o which_o act_n it_o be_v to_o be_v observe_v 1._o that_o though_o by_o the_o first_o act_n premonition_n to_o abstain_v be_v still_o to_o be_v make_v in_o all_o case_n yet_o in_o neither_o of_o the_o two_o first_o case_n here_o relate_v it_o be_v declare_v necessary_a but_o since_o it_o be_v not_o lawful_a to_o kill_v he_o who_o be_v premonish_v and_o thereafter_o converse_v except_o they_o converse_v in_o suspect_a place_n gribald_n de_fw-fr homicide_n num_fw-la 11._o it_o seem_v that_o in_o neither_o
law_n by_o which_o non_fw-la licebat_fw-la ducere_fw-la eam_fw-la in_o vxorem_fw-la quam_fw-la quis_fw-la polluit_fw-la adulterio_fw-la but_o it_o must_v be_v observe_v that_o this_o only_o hold_v where_o there_o be_v a_o actual_a divorce_n upon_o the_o adultery_n prior_n to_o the_o marriage_n and_o therefore_o a_o present_a marriage_n can_v not_o be_v dissolve_v by_o offer_v to_o prove_v that_o the_o contracter_n have_v commit_v adultery_n during_o their_o former_a marriage_n this_o act_n of_o parliament_n have_v declare_v such_o marriage_n unlawful_a it_o do_v very_o consequential_o declare_v the_o succession_n to_o be_v beget_v by_o such_o unlawful_a conjunction_n to_o be_v unhabile_fw-la to_o succeed_v as_o heir_n to_o these_o parent_n and_o i_o have_v hear_v it_o it_o doubt_v whether_o they_o be_v capable_a to_o receive_v disposition_n from_o their_o adulterous_a parent_n but_o i_o conceive_v as_o to_o this_o there_o be_v no_o difficulty_n for_o though_o the_o law_n make_v they_o uncapable_a to_o succeed_v as_o heir_n yet_o it_o do_v not_o make_v they_o uncapable_a to_o receive_v a_o disposition_n and_o though_o it_o may_v seem_v that_o this_o be_v a_o far_a check_n upon_o the_o adulterer_n who_o child_n can_v no_o way_n be_v gratify_v by_o those_o with_o who_o they_o commit_v the_o crime_n yet_o since_o quilibet_fw-la est_fw-la arbyter_n rei_fw-la suae_fw-la it_o be_v hard_a to_o deprive_v a_o man_n of_o the_o use_n of_o his_o property_n because_o he_o have_v commit_v adultery_n i_o find_v that_o by_o the_o civil_a law_n such_o bastard_n as_o be_v bear_v in_o adultery_n or_o incest_n who_o in_o the_o civil_a law_n call_v nati_fw-la ex_fw-la damnato_fw-la coitu_fw-la can_v neither_o succeed_v to_o their_o vicious_a parent_n nor_o be_v they_o capable_a of_o any_o thing_n by_o their_o parent_n testament_n cum_fw-la ita_fw-la facilius_fw-la paterna_fw-la libido_fw-la coercere_fw-la possess_v censeatur_fw-la l._n fin._n c._n the_o nat_n lib._n bald._n ad_fw-la l._n 1._o c._n de_fw-fr jur_fw-fr aur._n nor_o can_v they_o be_v adopt_v by_o their_o parent_n l._n legem_fw-la c._n de_fw-fr na_fw-fr lib._n upon_o which_o principle_n our_o parliament_n have_v be_v induce_v to_o make_v the_o 117._o act._n par._n 12._o i._o 6._o but_o have_v streatched_a it_o a_o little_a further_o than_o the_o civil_a law_n do_v for_o by_o that_o statute_n a_o woman_n divorce_v for_o her_o adultery_n marry_v thereafter_o the_o person_n with_o who_o she_o commit_v the_o adultery_n for_o which_o she_o be_v divorce_v or_o dwell_v and_o resort_v in_o company_n with_o he_o at_o bed_n and_o buird_v can_v dispone_v her_o land_n or_o set_v tack_n thereof_o in_o prejudice_n of_o the_o heir_n who_o will_v otherways_o have_v succeed_v to_o she_o from_o which_o statute_n it_o be_v observable_a that_o since_o the_o woman_n be_v only_o incapacitat_fw-la to_o dispone_fw-la in_o this_o case_n that_o therefore_o a_o man_n though_o divorce_v for_o adultery_n may_v lawful_o dispone_v his_o land_n in_o favour_n of_o the_o child_n procreate_v in_o that_o adultery_n this_o prohibition_n be_v restrict_v to_o the_o woman_n because_o of_o the_o imbecility_n of_o her_o sex_n who_o may_v be_v tempt_v or_o seduce_v more_o easy_o than_o man_n can_v be_v and_o yet_o since_o the_o presumption_n do_v only_o run_v against_o the_o adulterous_a child_n procreate_v in_o the_o second_o marriage_n who_o it_o be_v probable_a the_o mother_n will_v have_v prefer_v to_o the_o child_n of_o the_o first_o and_o slight_v husband_n it_o seem_v strange_a why_o any_o deed_n do_v by_o she_o in_o prejudice_n of_o not_o only_o those_o child_n but_o even_o of_o any_o of_o her_o heir_n will_v be_v null_a though_o do_v in_o favour_n of_o neither_o the_o adulterous_a husband_n nor_o his_o child_n but_o even_o in_o favour_n of_o mere_a stranger_n who_o the_o law_n need_v not_o have_v suspect_v but_o this_o be_v certain_o do_v to_o prevent_v the_o mother_n fraudulent_a convyance_n who_o may_v have_v transmit_v the_o estate_n to_o the_o adulterous_a husband_n or_o his_o posterity_n or_o friend_n under_o borrow_a name_n the_o discover_v of_o such_o contryvance_n be_v very_o difficult_a and_o the_o hazard_n of_o not_o discover_v being_n very_o great_a i_o conceive_v likeways_o for_o the_o same_o reason_n that_o the_o grant_n of_o a_o personal_a bond_n upon_o which_o the_o estate_n be_v thereafter_o comprise_v from_o the_o mother_n may_v be_v quarrel_v upon_o this_o statute_n for_o else_o the_o law_n may_v be_v easy_o cheat_v and_o the_o statute_n itself_o declare_v all_o deed_n do_v to_o the_o prejudice_n of_o the_o say_n heir_n direct_o or_o indirect_o to_o be_v null_a and_o yet_o since_o the_o mother_n remain_v still_o fire_n notwhithstand_v of_o this_o prohibition_n i_o see_v not_o why_o a_o bond_n and_o comprise_v lead_v thereon_o for_o debt_n true_o owe_v by_o the_o mother_n can_v be_v quarrel_v where_o nothing_o be_v fraudulent_o design_v against_o this_o act_n and_o though_o this_o act_n be_v only_o conceive_v in_o favour_n of_o the_o heir_n of_o the_o prior_n marriage_n or_o the_o woman_n heir_n whatsoever_o yet_o i_o see_v no_o reason_n why_o this_o act_n will_v not_o militat_fw-la in_o favour_n of_o the_o king_n to_o reduce_v deed_n do_v to_o his_o prejudice_n as_o vltimus_fw-la haeres_fw-la since_o a_o last_o heir_n in_o the_o construction_n of_o law_n be_v a_o true_a heir_n title_n xviii_o bigamy_n 1_o what_o be_v bigamy_n by_o our_o law_n and_o how_o punish_v 2_o why_o bigamy_n be_v not_o punish_v as_o adultery_n 3_o whether_o quaker_n may_v be_v punish_v for_o bigamy_n 4_o whether_o long_a absence_n may_v excuse_v in_o this_o crime_n 5_o whether_o the_o marriage_n sine_fw-la concubitu_fw-la infer_v bigamy_n 6_o whether_o a_o woman_n divorce_v for_o adultery_n marry_v again_o be_v guilty_a of_o bigamy_n that_o a_o man_n may_v marry_v two_o wife_n be_v allow_v by_o many_o nation_n and_o tacitus_n observe_v that_o only_o the_o german_n among_o all_o the_o nation_n be_v content_a with_o one_o but_o no_o nation_n allow_v that_o a_o wife_n shall_v marry_v two_o husband_n which_o be_v do_v either_o because_o man_n be_v the_o only_a legislator_n and_o so_o be_v kind_a to_o themselves_o in_o allow_v themselves_o that_o liberty_n they_o deny_v to_o poor_a woman_n or_o else_o this_o be_v not_o allow_v because_o a_o woman_n marry_v two_o man_n prejudge_v the_o people_n the_o commonwealth_n whereas_o a_o man_n marry_v more_o wife_n be_v advantageous_a for_o it_o and_o the_o law_n say_v that_o more_o chastity_n be_v require_v in_o woman_n then_o in_o man_n and_o man_n be_v by_o nature_n hot_a than_o they_o bigamy_n be_v therefore_o more_o unnatural_a in_o woman_n i._o yet_o in_o our_o law_n either_o a_o man_n marry_v two_o wife_n or_o a_o woman_n marry_v two_o husband_n commit_v bigamy_n and_o this_o be_v account_v by_o the_o 19_o act_n 5._o par._n q._n marry_o a_o breach_n of_o the_o oath_n make_v at_o marriage_n and_o therefore_o be_v punishable_a as_o perjury_n by_o confiscation_n of_o all_o their_o movable_n ward_n of_o their_o person_n for_o year_n and_o day_n and_o long_o during_o the_o queen_n will_n and_o as_o infamous_a person_n never_o to_o bruik_v office_n honour_n dignity_n or_o benefice_n in_o time_n come_v ii_o it_o may_v be_v here_o doubt_v why_o bigamy_n be_v not_o punish_v as_o adultery_n see_v it_o may_v be_v notour_n adultery_n and_o be_v ordinary_o so_o to_o which_o difficulty_n i_o think_v the_o answer_n be_v that_o it_o be_v controvert_v among_o lawyer_n whether_o bigamy_n be_v punishable_a as_o adultery_n or_o as_o stuprum_fw-la or_o fornicatio_fw-la that_o it_o be_v not_o adultery_n they_o contend_v because_o god_n allow_v bigamy_n but_o he_o never_o allow_v adultery_n 2._o many_o nation_n allow_v bigamy_n who_o condemn_v adultery_n and_o l._n 2._o c._n the_o incest_n nupt_n where_o it_o be_v say_v that_o vemini_fw-la licet_fw-la dvas_fw-la vxores_fw-la ducere_fw-la the_o punishment_n of_o adultery_n be_v not_o subjoin_v but_o it_o be_v only_o say_v that_o praefes_fw-la provinciae_fw-la hoc_fw-la inultum_fw-la non_fw-la patietur_fw-la and_o it_o may_v be_v add_v that_o their_o marry_n show_v some_o more_o respect_n to_o the_o law_n then_o adultery_n &_o obfiguram_fw-la matrimonii_fw-la multa_fw-la non_fw-la adeo_fw-la puniuntur_fw-la 3._o when_o bigamy_n be_v by_o this_o act_n declare_v punishable_a only_o as_o perjury_n and_o not_o by_o death_n even_o incorrigible_a and_o manifest_a adulteres_fw-la be_v only_o punishable_a by_o confiscation_n of_o their_o movable_n be_v clear_a as_o by_o the_o subsequent_a act_n and_o the_o act_n against_o notour_n adulterer_n to_o be_v punish_v by_o death_n be_v not_o make_v till_o the_o 9_o the_o parl._n q._n marry_o i_o know_v that_o menoch_n de_fw-fr arb_n case_z 420._o think_v that_o bigamy_n shall_v be_v punish_v as_o adultery_n and_o i_o do_v think_v that_o if_o the_o marriage_n be_v contract_v upon_o design_n
to_o palliate_v the_o adultery_n it_o shall_v be_v punish_v more_o severe_o than_o adultery_n and_o though_o the_o offender_n can_v be_v punish_v with_o death_n as_o a_o bigamist_n yet_o he_o may_v be_v punish_v with_o death_n as_o a_o notour_n adulterer_n the_o same_o may_v be_v likewise_o say_v if_o the_o person_n marry_v against_o express_a prohibition_n of_o the_o church_n or_o it_o may_v be_v of_o friend_n for_o thereby_o they_o be_v put_v in_o pessima_fw-la fide_fw-la and_o want_v the_o advantage_n arise_v figura_fw-la matrimonii_fw-la and_o this_o statute_n punish_v only_o simple_a bigamy_n which_o be_v possible_o contract_v when_o the_o wife_n belive_v the_o husband_n to_o be_v dead_a or_o è_fw-la contra_fw-la or_o when_o there_o be_v some_o other_o pretext_n for_o it_o but_o exclude_v not_o a_o further_a punishment_n due_a from_o other_o circumstance_n or_o complext_v crime_n and_o it_o be_v absurd_a to_o think_v that_o incestuous_a person_n be_v forbid_v to_o marry_v because_o of_o their_o contingency_n in_o blood_n or_o affinity_n shall_v not_o be_v punishable_a for_o incest_n iii_o it_o may_v be_v doubt_v if_o quaker_n can_v be_v punish_v as_o perjurer_n see_v they_o give_v no_o oath_n at_o marriage_n and_o certain_o they_o shall_v see_v marriage_n imply_v a_o vow_n though_o no_o implicit_a oath_n be_v give_v iv._o the_o husband_n long_a absence_n may_v be_v a_o cause_n why_o the_o punishment_n may_v be_v mitigate_v but_o take_v not_o away_o the_o crime_n see_v death_n and_o not_o time_n dissolve_v marriage_n and_o i_o remember_v of_o a_o minister_n who_o be_v depose_v for_o marry_v a_o man_n wife_n after_o he_o be_v sixteen_o year_n absent_a and_o albeit_o the_o first_o husband_n come_v home_o yet_o the_o second_o husband_n still_o retain_v the_o wife_n which_o certain_o be_v adultery_n in_o he_o after_o that_o knowledge_n that_o she_o be_v another_o man_n wife_n see_v he_o want_v that_o pretext_n for_o which_o bigamy_n be_v not_o punishable_a as_o adultery_n from_o which_o likewise_o that_o general_a conclusion_n may_v be_v draw_v that_o when_o the_o bigamist_n know_v that_o the_o other_o person_n be_v marry_v if_o he_o continue_v he_o commit_v adultery_n and_o if_o he_o know_v that_o it_o be_v incestuous_a he_o commit_v incest_n v._o it_o may_v be_v doubt_v also_o if_o two_o person_n marry_v be_v guilty_a of_o adultery_n eo_fw-la ipso_fw-la that_o they_o marry_v though_o because_o of_o any_o interveen_a accident_n as_o death_n they_o bid_v not_o and_o see_v by_o the_o second_o marriage_n they_o give_v contrary_a oath_n certain_o they_o be_v guilty_a of_o perjury_n for_o perjury_n be_v the_o medium_n peccati_fw-la in_o this_o crime_n and_o not_o copulatio_fw-la or_o coitus_fw-la as_o in_o adultery_n reatus_fw-la contrahitur_fw-la per_fw-la contraria_fw-la vota_fw-la and_o he_o who_o lie_v with_o another_o man_n wife_n immediate_o after_o they_o come_v from_o church_n though_o before_o she_o have_v bed_v with_o her_o husband_n do_v in_o our_o law_n commit_v adultery_n which_o show_v that_o marriage_n be_v contract_v with_o we_o per_fw-mi 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d or_o benedictionem_fw-la ecclesiae_fw-la &_o ante_fw-la coitum_fw-la and_o if_o after_o come_v from_o church_n the_o person_n be_v marry_v certain_o they_o be_v by_o that_o also_o guilty_a of_o bigamy_n and_o from_o this_o principle_n also_o it_o may_v be_v infer_v that_o though_o the_o first_o marriage_n be_v null_a per_fw-la frigiditatem_fw-la or_o maleficiationem_fw-la yet_o the_o other_o person_n who_o may_v have_v declare_v that_o marriage_n to_o have_v be_v null_n marry_v another_o before_o the_o first_o marriage_n be_v declare_v to_o have_v be_v null_n though_o it_o be_v null_a ab_fw-la initio_fw-la will_v be_v guilty_a of_o bigamy_n because_o there_o be_v contraria_fw-la vota_fw-la in_o that_o case_n and_o because_o he_o be_v not_o lawful_o divorce_v for_o as_o a_o person_n who_o may_v have_v get_v a_o first_o marriage_n declare_v null_a ex_fw-la capite_fw-la adulterii_fw-la marry_v again_o will_v be_v punishable_a so_o it_o shall_v be_v here_o and_o if_o it_o be_v urge_v that_o marriage_n be_v declare_v in_o frigidis_fw-la &_o maleficiatis_fw-la to_o have_v be_v null_a ab_fw-la initio_fw-la and_o therefore_o there_o have_v be_v no_o marriage_n at_o first_o the_o second_o be_v no_o bigamy_n and_o the_o first_o oath_n not_o bind_v ab_fw-la initio_fw-la for_o it_o be_v give_v upon_o the_o supposition_n that_o the_o other_o person_n be_v habilis_fw-la to_o contract_n a_o marriage_n that_o vow_n be_v null_a and_o therefore_o there_o be_v no_o contrairy_a vow_n in_o this_o case_n it_o may_v be_v answer_v that_o the_o law_n consider_v that_o first_o marriage_n as_o a_o sufficient_a marriage_n till_o it_o be_v declare_v null_n and_o the_o other_o person_n who_o may_v have_v get_v the_o marriage_n declare_v null_a will_v have_v be_v punish_v as_o a_o adulterer_n if_o she_o have_v lyen_fw-we with_o another_o ergo_fw-la she_o may_v be_v likewise_o punish_v as_o a_o bigamist_n vi_o the_o act_n add_v except_o the_o person_n be_v lawful_o divorce_v from_o which_o two_o question_n may_v arise_v 1._o see_v the_o party_n guilty_a can_v marry_v v_o g._n if_o a_o woman_n be_v divorce_v for_o adultery_n she_o can_v marry_v quaeritur_fw-la then_o if_o she_o marry_v again_o may_v be_v pursue_v as_o guilty_a of_o bigamy_n and_o it_o may_v be_v allege_v that_o it_o be_v not_o bigamy_n see_v the_o act_n say_v that_o if_o person_n not_o lawful_o divorce_v marry_o they_o commit_v bigamy_n ergo_fw-la à _fw-la contraria_fw-la where_o the_o person_n be_v lawful_o divorce_v they_o commit_v not_o bigamy_n nor_o do_v the_o law_n speak_v any_o thing_n of_o the_o difference_n betwixt_o the_o nocent_a and_o innocent_a party_n 2._o if_o a_o person_n be_v divorce_v and_o thereafter_o he_o marry_v albeit_o thereafter_o that_o decreet_a of_o divorce_n be_v reduce_v certain_o the_o other_o party_n who_o marry_v the_o person_n divorce_v be_v not_o punishable_a except_o the_o decreet_a be_v reduce_v upon_o his_o fault_n but_o the_o first_o decreet_a of_o divorce_n be_v reduce_v upon_o his_o fault_n who_o obtain_v it_o as_o if_o he_o have_v bribe_v the_o witness_n or_o judge_n etc._n etc._n eo_fw-la casu_fw-la it_o may_v be_v allege_v that_o he_o know_v that_o the_o first_o marriage_n be_v not_o lawful_o dissolve_v and_o so_o the_o second_o marriage_n be_v bigamy_n quo_fw-la ad_fw-la he_o albeit_o upon_o the_o other_o hand_n it_o may_v be_v debate_v that_o the_o first_o marriage_n be_v dissolve_v authore_fw-la praetore_fw-la it_o be_v no_o marriage_n at_o the_o time_n the_o second_o marriage_n be_v contract_v and_o so_o not_o bigamy_n albeit_o the_o briber_n or_o forger_n may_v be_v punish_v for_o the_o crime_n so_o commit_v title_n xix_o theft_n 1._o the_o definition_n of_o theft_n 2._o in_o what_o thing_n can_v theft_n be_v commit_v and_o whether_o it_o can_v be_v commit_v in_o commodato_fw-la &_o societate_fw-la 3._o the_o law_n of_o burdein-sack_n or_o theft_n commit_v for_o necessity_n 4._o whether_o the_o take_a thing_n belong_v to_o no_o man_n be_v punishable_a as_o theft_n 5._o the_o division_n of_o theft_n in_o furtum_fw-la manifestum_fw-la &_o non_fw-la manifestum_fw-la 6._o whether_o theft_n ought_v to_o be_v punish_v by_o death_n 7._o the_o punishment_n of_o it_o by_o our_o law_n 8._o how_o three_o consecutive_a theft_n ought_v to_o be_v punish_v and_o how_o inferior_a judge_n proceed_v in_o judge_v theft_n 9_o how_o the_o justice_n proceed_v in_o judge_v this_o crime_n 10._o how_o hareship_n or_o abigeatus_fw-la be_v punish_v 11._o how_o sacrilege_n be_v punish_v 12._o theft_n in_o land_a man_n be_v treason_n 13._o how_o theft_n be_v aggravate_v from_o frequency_n time_n place_n and_o other_o circumstance_n 14._o several_a extenuation_n of_o theft_n 15._o statutory_a theft_n such_o as_o breaker_n of_o yard_n steal_v fish_n out_o of_o pond_n bee_n etc._n etc._n 16._o be_v and_o part_n of_o theft_n how_o punish_v albeit_o at_o first_o every_o thing_n be_v make_v common_a so_o that_o then_o there_o can_v be_v no_o theft_n yet_o since_o by_o the_o common_a consent_n of_o all_o nation_n property_n be_v introduce_v theft_n be_v forbid_v as_o a_o enemy_n to_o this_o property_n and_o as_o destructive_a to_o that_o order_n and_o method_n whereby_o god_n resolve_v to_o govern_v the_o world_n and_o therefore_o the_o basilick_n observe_v that_o this_o crime_n be_v against_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d i._o theft_n be_v define_v by_o lawyer_n to_o be_v fraudulosa_fw-la contractatio_fw-la lucri_fw-la faciendi_fw-la gratia_fw-la vel_fw-la ipsius_fw-la rei_fw-la vel_fw-la etiam_fw-la usus_fw-la ejus_fw-la possessionis_fw-la ve_fw-la quod_fw-la lege_fw-la naturali_fw-la prohibitume_v §_o 1._o inst_n the_o obl_a ex_fw-la del_o by_o the_o word_n contrectatio_fw-la they_o understand_v not_o only_o the_o away_o take_v of_o a_o thing_n for_o theft_n be_v commit_v by_o conceal_v what_o
its_o own_o nature_n punishable_a by_o death_n 3._o by_o the_o 82._o act_n i._o 6._o p._n 11._o stealer_n of_o pleugh_n graith_n or_o breaker_n of_o miâ—nes_n be_v to_o be_v punish_v therefore_o to_o the_o death_n as_o thief_n but_o because_o our_o practic_n be_v in_o this_o a_o little_a arbitrary_a and_o uncertain_a it_o will_v be_v fit_a to_o know_v that_o theft_n in_o scotland_n be_v either_o pursue_v by_o accusation_n which_o be_v at_o the_o instance_n of_o a_o private_a accuser_n or_o by_o way_n of_o indictment_n which_o be_v at_o the_o instance_n of_o the_o procurator-fiskal_a if_o the_o pursuit_n be_v intent_a by_o way_n of_o accusation_n it_o may_v be_v judge_v by_o baron_n have_v power_n of_o pitt_n and_o gallow_n or_o as_o our_o charter_n call_v foffa_o &_o furca_fw-la or_o by_o sheriff_n but_o if_o it_o be_v pursue_v by_o way_n of_o indictment_n the_o cognition_n thereof_o belong_v to_o the_o justice_n reg._n maj._n cap._n 1._o num._n 7._o but_o this_o distinction_n be_v not_o well_o observe_v for_o the_o sheriff_n do_v proceed_v to_o judge_v theft_n even_o by_o citation_n &_o though_o the_o thief_n be_v not_o take_v with_o with_o the_o fang_n which_o be_v certain_o a_o error_n for_o all_o process_n upon_o citation_n against_o a_o thief_n shall_v belong_v to_o the_o justice_n viii_o in_o the_o procedor_fw-la before_o these_o inferior_a court_n they_o do_v not_o condemn_v to_o death_n except_o upon_o three_o theft_n or_o that_o the_o person_n be_v take_v with_o fang_n and_o he_o be_v likewise_o famosus_fw-la fur_n as_o to_o the_o three_o theft_n i_o find_v no_o express_a law_n for_o it_o only_o stat_fw-la da._n 2._o cap._n 17._o where_o it_o be_v say_v if_o a_o thief_n be_v defame_v at_o three_o baron_n court_n and_o want_v a_o pledge_n or_o cautioner_n than_o he_o may_v be_v hang_v or_o if_o he_o be_v defame_v and_o cite_v in_o two_o court_n or_o in_o one_o and_o be_v of_o ill_a fame_n likewise_o or_o as_o we_o say_v there_o be_v public_a bruit_n and_o open_a fame_n that_o he_o be_v a_o thief_n than_o he_o may_v be_v hang_v but_o simple_a fame_n be_v say_v there_o not_o to_o be_v sufficient_a to_o infer_v death_n except_o that_o ill_a fame_n be_v find_v by_o a_o assize_n upon_o oath_n yet_o this_o be_v now_o absolet_n for_o fame_n be_v in_o no_o case_n sufficient_a to_o infer_v death_n as_o to_o the_o three_o theft_n i_o find_v the_o civilian_n relate_v that_o the_o three_o theâ—t_n by_o the_o statutory_a law_n of_o most_o place_n be_v capital_a and_o it_o seem_v to_o be_v ground_v upon_o very_o good_a reason_n for_o he_o who_o be_v oft_o find_v commit_v the_o same_o crime_n be_v presume_v by_o the_o law_n to_o design_n to_o make_v it_o a_o trade_n ang._n ad_fw-la l._n 8._o devi_fw-la publica_fw-la where_o the_o commit_n of_o theft_n twice_o infer_v this_o presumption_n the_o law_n of_o holland_n provide_v that_o a_o thief_n shall_v be_v hang_v for_o the_o three_o theft_n except_o it_o seem_v otherways_o just_a to_o the_o judge_n because_o of_o his_o age_n or_o any_o other_o pregnant_a reason_n and_o ordinary_o three_o small_a theft_n be_v by_o matheus_n say_v not_o to_o be_v construe_v such_o according_a to_o the_o law_n of_o holland_n as_o deserve_v death_n the_o civilian_n do_v upon_o supposition_n that_o the_o three_o theft_n be_v capital_a conclude_v that_o these_o three_o theft_n shall_v be_v distinct_a even_o as_o to_o to_o the_o time_n and_o that_o he_o be_v to_o be_v punish_v with_o death_n for_o the_o three_o theft_n though_o he_o have_v be_v former_o punish_v for_o both_o the_o other_o two_o or_o though_o the_o former_a two_o have_v be_v remit_v to_o he_o by_o the_o prince_n and_o albeit_o they_o use_v many_o distinction_n for_o clear_v whether_o a_o thief_n shall_v be_v hang_v for_o the_o three_o theft_n where_o the_o first_o two_o be_v not_o commit_v within_o his_o territory_n or_o jurisdiction_n and_o so_o can_v not_o be_v punish_v by_o he_o yet_o since_o capital_a punishment_n be_v not_o infer_v by_o a_o statute_n against_o the_o three_o theft_n but_o that_o the_o three_o theft_n be_v only_o punishable_a with_o death_n because_o the_o committer_n be_v presume_v to_o be_v irreclaimable_a therefore_o i_o think_v that_o where_o ever_o the_o theft_n be_v commit_v yet_o for_o the_o three_o theft_n the_o thief_n shall_v be_v hang_v for_o albeit_o there_o be_v no_o express_a statute_n for_o that_o with_o we_o yet_o see_v gomesius_n chasaneus_n and_o other_o famous_a lawyer_n attest_v this_o to_o be_v the_o general_a custom_n of_o the_o world_n i_o think_v it_o shall_v be_v follow_v by_o our_o sheriff_n and_o inferior_a judge_n who_o be_v determine_v by_o that_o number_n have_v some_o certain_a rule_n whereby_o they_o may_v be_v both_o limit_v and_o warrand_v which_o be_v much_o safe_a than_o that_o they_o shall_v be_v allow_v scop_n to_o break_v out_o into_o the_o extreme_n of_o either_o cruelty_n or_o cowardliness_n the_o law_n of_o england_n divide_v theft_n or_o larcenry_n into_o petty_a larcenry_n when_o the_o thing_n steal_v exceed_v not_o twelve_o penny_n and_o its_o punishment_n extend_v not_o to_o death_n and_o grand_a larcenry_n when_o it_o exceed_v twelve_o penny_n wherein_o the_o thief_n be_v punishable_a by_o death_n except_o he_o be_v save_v by_o the_o book_n and_o if_o one_o steal_v to_o the_o value_n of_o six_o penny_n at_o one_o time_n and_o six_o penny_n at_o another_o time_n than_o he_o be_v guilty_a of_o death_n but_o if_o two_o steal_v to_o the_o value_n of_o eighten_v penny_n joint_o each_o be_v guilty_a common_a bruit_n and_o open_a fame_n of_o be_v a_o ordinary_a thief_n be_v likewise_o a_o good_a ground_n of_o make_v theft_n puishable_a by_o death_n the_o thief_n be_v take_v with_o the_o fang_n &_o high_a fures_fw-la famosi_fw-la sive_fw-la infamati_fw-la de_fw-la pluribus_fw-la furtis_fw-la be_v ordinary_o hang_v likewise_o as_o be_v clear_a by_o clarus_n num._n 8._o hoc_fw-la tit_n menoch_n arbitrariis_fw-la casu_fw-la 295._o and_o it_o be_v sufficient_a that_o witness_n depon_n of_o their_o credulity_n and_o that_o they_o be_v inform_v by_o other_o our_o law_n call_v such_o de_fw-fr famiati_fw-la de_fw-fr latrocinio_fw-la and_o if_o he_o can_v find_v caution_n the_o old_a law_n appoint_v that_o he_o shall_v be_v proceed_v against_o as_o if_o he_o be_v a_o prove_v thief_n for_o latro_fw-la defamatus_fw-la &_o latro_fw-la probatus_fw-la be_v still_o aequipollent_a in_o our_o law_n but_o i_o think_v these_o law_n too_o severe_a and_o they_o be_v not_o in_o use_n ix_o as_o to_o the_o procedor_fw-la of_o the_o justice_n it_o be_v because_o their_o power_n be_v more_o eminent_a that_o they_o be_v allow_v to_o be_v more_o arbitrary_a but_o i_o think_v the_o distinction_n allow_v by_o civilian_n will_v be_v very_o reasonable_a which_o be_v that_o in_o furto_fw-la simplici_fw-la in_o simple_a theft_n the_o pain_n of_o death_n shall_v never_o be_v impose_v but_o in_o qualify_a theft_n if_o the_o quality_n be_v such_o as_o agredge_v the_o crime_n very_o much_o which_o aggravation_n be_v either_o take_v from_o the_o thing_n itself_o that_o be_v steal_v as_o in_o our_o statute_n the_o stealer_n of_o pleugh-graith_a cutter_n and_o destroyer_n of_o pleugh_n and_o pleugh-graith_a in_o the_o time_n of_o tell_v and_o cutter_n and_o destroyer_n of_o grow_a tree_n or_o breaker_n of_o milnes_n or_o of_o lead_v coâ—ns_n or_o fuel_n be_v to_o be_v punish_v to_o the_o death_n as_o thief_n 82._o act._n 11._o p._n i._n 6_o and_o hocheâ—s_n and_o killer_n of_o ox_n horse_n and_o other_o cattle_n be_v punishable_a by_o death_n and_o confiscation_n of_o moveable_n as_o well_o committer_n as_o recepter_n act._n 110._o p._n ja._n 6._o and_o upon_o this_o act_n be_v hang_v for_o kill_v drumlanerk_n sheep_n 20._o feb._n 1666._o albeit_o it_o will_v appear_v that_o that_o act_n be_v only_o to_o be_v extend_v to_o labour_a cattle_n nota_fw-la this_o be_v a_o case_n wherein_o theft_n may_v be_v commit_v without_o carry_v any_o thing_n away_o for_o the_o do_v of_o these_o wrong_n without_o carry_v away_o the_o thing_n wrong_v be_v constant_o declare_v to_o be_v theft_n &_o per_fw-la constitutionem_fw-la frederici_fw-la secundi_fw-la de_fw-la stat_fw-la §_o agricultores_fw-la the_o steal_a pleugh_n graith_o be_v punish_v as_o a_o particular_a crime_n x._o herdship_n likewise_o which_o be_v the_o driving_z away_o a_o great_a many_o cattle_n call_v by_o the_o civilian_n crimen_fw-la abigeatus_fw-la be_v likewise_o by_o the_o law_n of_o all_o nation_n and_o particular_o by_o we_o punish_v with_o death_n but_o though_o lex_fw-la prima_fw-la dig_v de_fw-fr abigeat_fw-la say_v that_o abigei_fw-la ad_fw-la gladium_fw-la dentur_fw-la yet_o matheus_n do_v interpret_v that_o not_o to_o be_v mean_v de_fw-fr ultimo_fw-la supplicio_fw-la but_o only_o de_fw-fr ludo_fw-la gladiatorio_n and_o with_o this_o agree_v l
allowable_a if_o the_o tennent_n after_o count_n oblige_v himself_o to_o remove_v and_o declare_v that_o it_o shall_v be_v lawful_a to_o his_o master_n to_o enter_v brevi_fw-la manu_fw-la if_o he_o pay_v not_o what_o be_v declare_v to_o be_v due_a for_o there_o the_o precede_a count_n be_v equivalant_n to_o a_o declarator_n and_o the_o party_n eject_v be_v not_o prejudge_v otherwise_o then_o by_o his_o own_o not_o payment_n and_o therefore_o the_o lord_n the_o 19_o of_o december_n 1661._o find_v not_o the_o countess_n of_o murray_n liable_a to_o aspoilzie_n for_o eject_v dewer_n her_o tennent_n because_o dewer_n have_v by_o a_o count_n declare_v that_o he_o be_v debtor_n in_o such_o a_o sum_n and_o by_o a_o bond_n oblige_v himself_o to_o remove_v betwixt_o and_o a_o particular_a day_n and_o if_o he_o fail_v declare_v it_o shall_v be_v lawful_a for_o the_o countess_n to_o enter_v brevi_fw-la manu_fw-la to_o the_o possession_n by_o the_o civil_a law_n he_o who_o violent_o intromit_v even_o with_o what_o be_v his_o own_o lose_v thereby_o his_o property_n in_o it_o the_o next_o defence_n be_v that_o the_o pursuer_fw-mi have_v immediate_o before_o possess_v himself_o violent_o and_o it_o be_v lawful_a for_o the_o defender_n to_o recover_v his_o possession_n ex_fw-la incontinenti_fw-la nam_fw-la vim_o vi_fw-la licet_fw-la repellere_fw-la and_o the_o law_n sustain_v this_o defence_n l._n 3._o â—_o 9_o &_o l._n 17._o ff_n eod_a and_o explain_v that_o to_o be_v ex_fw-la incontinenti_fw-la factum_fw-la quod_fw-la factum_fw-la est_fw-la priusquam_fw-la ad_fw-la aliud_fw-la negotium_fw-la fuerit_fw-la recessum_fw-la what_o time_n shall_v be_v allow_v for_o repel_v violence_n be_v arbitrary_a to_o the_o judge_n for_o violence_n commit_v by_o a_o great_a man_n require_v more_o time_n for_o reparation_n to_o redress_v it_o then_o when_o it_o be_v commit_v by_o a_o private_a person_n for_o friend_n must_v be_v convocat_n and_o arm_n prepare_v as_o bart._n and_o the_o glos._n instance_n upon_o the_o former_a law_n but_o in_o personal_a injury_n id_fw-la tantum_fw-la diciturex_fw-la incontinenti_fw-la fieri_fw-la quod_fw-la fit_a in_o ipso_fw-la flagranti_fw-la crimine_fw-la iv._o the_o violent_a ejection_n of_o his_o majesty_n liedge_n out_o of_o their_o possession_n be_v pursue_v either_o by_o a_o action_n mere_o civil_a which_o in_o moveable_n be_v call_v spoilzie_a in_o land_n ejection_n which_o the_o civil_a law_n term_n still_o dejectio_fw-la &_o non_fw-la ejectio_fw-la or_o criminal_o as_o a_o riot_n which_o be_v a_o mix_a action_n partly_o civil_a partly_o criminal_a when_o spoilzy_n or_o ejection_n be_v civil_o pursue_v the_o conclusion_n be_v violent_a profit_n which_o be_v the_o double_a rent_n of_o the_o land_n and_o restitution_n of_o the_o thing_n crave_v but_o when_o this_o be_v pursue_v as_o a_o riot_n the_o punishment_n be_v arbitrary_a as_o be_v also_o the_o criminal_a punishment_n the_o civil_a action_n prescribe_v in_o three_o year_n k._n ja._n 6._o parl._n 6._o cap._n 8._o but_o the_o action_n of_o riot_n or_o criminal_a action_n prescribe_v not_o and_o yet_o it_o may_v be_v doubt_v if_o these_o action_n prescribe_v not_o quo_fw-la ad_fw-la the_o conclusion_n of_o restitution_n see_v that_o be_v a_o civil_a conclusion_n and_o it_o may_v be_v debate_v that_o the_o maxim_n spoliatus_fw-la ante_fw-la omne_fw-la est_fw-la restituendus_fw-la lose_v its_o vigour_n after_o that_o time_n so_o that_o one_o pursue_v for_o a_o riotous_a ejection_n or_o spoilzie_a may_v allege_v that_o no_o riot_n can_v be_v conclude_v see_v the_o thing_n or_o land_n controvert_v be_v his_o own_o we_o shall_v speak_v of_o the_o criminal_a pursuit_n in_o its_o own_o place_n whether_o the_o one_o of_o these_o action_n do_v exclude_v the_o pursuer_fw-mi from_o all_o other_o reparation_n so_o that_o he_o who_o pursue_v the_o action_n of_o spoilzie_n or_o ejection_n can_v thereafter_o pursue_v a_o riot_n or_o a_o criminal_a pursuit_n may_v be_v controvert_v and_o the_o civil_a law_n decide_v it_o thus_o that_o quando_fw-la &_o una_fw-la &_o altera_fw-la tendunt_fw-la ad_fw-la vindictam_fw-la tunc_fw-la una_fw-la agitur_fw-la ad_fw-la vindictam_fw-la altera_fw-la vero_fw-la ad_fw-la prosecutionem_fw-la rei_fw-la familiaris_fw-la and_o thus_o the_o have_v obtain_v a_o decreet_a of_o ejection_n imp_v not_o the_o pursuer_fw-mi to_o intent_n a_o action_n or_o criminal_a pursuit_n but_o after_o a_o decreet_a obtain_v for_o the_o riot_n a_o criminal_a pursuit_n can_v be_v intent_a for_o these_o respiciunt_fw-la vindictam_fw-la v._o the_o council_n cognose_n likewise_o upon_o crime_n by_o way_n of_o precognition_n which_o they_o do_v in_o two_o case_n 1._o where_o considerable_a person_n be_v interest_v in_o the_o crime_n commit_v as_o noble_a man_n or_o clann_n where_o there_o be_v a_o hazard_n of_o aliment_v the_o feud_n by_o remit_v the_o criminal_o to_o the_o ordinary_a course_n of_o justice_n wherefore_o to_o prevent_v future_a resentment_n and_o cement_v old_a difference_n the_o council_n in_o quorum_n tutela_fw-la est_fw-la pax_fw-la publica_fw-la cognosce_fw-la upon_o the_o crime_n and_o remit_v much_o of_o the_o ordinary_a rigour_n the_o 2._o case_n be_v when_o the_o crime_n be_v so_o ciâ—cumstantiat_fw-la that_o it_o require_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d and_o lessen_v of_o the_o ordinary_a punishment_n the_o form_n in_o precognition_n be_v that_o either_o the_o friend_n of_o the_o party_n give_v in_o a_o bill_n to_o the_o council_n which_o can_v be_v grant_v but_o in_o praesentia_fw-la deduce_v the_o case_n and_o represent_v what_o danger_n be_v like_a to_o ensue_v quo_fw-la casu_fw-la letter_n be_v direct_v ordain_v the_o other_o party_n to_o be_v cite_v and_o both_o â—_z to_o cite_v such_o witness_n and_o probation_n as_o they_o will_v use_v or_o else_o if_o no_o application_n be_v make_v the_o council_n ordain_v letter_n to_o be_v direct_a cite_v both_o party_n his_o majesty_n have_v with_o consent_n of_o parliament_n appoint_v that_o the_o justice-court_n shall_v be_v serve_v by_o many_o of_o the_o lord_n of_o session_n do_v because_o of_o their_o number_n and_o ability_n discharge_v all_o precognition_n in_o their_o commission_n and_o yet_o because_o these_o precognition_n be_v not_o discharge_v in_o the_o commission_n grant_v to_o the_o council_n the_o council_n do_v sustain_v themselves_o judge_n competent_a to_o precognition_n their_o commission_n bear_v to_o be_v as_o full_a and_o to_o give_v they_o as_o much_o power_n as_o any_o former_a council_n have_v but_o real_o it_o be_v happy_a for_o this_o nation_n that_o we_o want_v all_o precognition_n since_o thereby_o the_o delinquent_n have_v power_n to_o choose_v such_o diet_n as_o he_o please_v and_o so_o may_v pursue_v his_o precognition_n when_o he_o know_v the_o witness_n who_o can_v prove_v his_o guilt_n be_v absent_a or_o may_v prevail_v with_o they_o to_o absent_v themselves_o for_o some_o time_n and_o this_o be_v ordinary_o practise_v nor_o have_v i_o ever_o see_v any_o who_o pursue_v a_o precognition_n bring_v to_o condign_a punishment_n and_o whereas_o it_o be_v pretend_v that_o there_o be_v some_o case_n wherein_o the_o severity_n of_o law_n ought_v to_o be_v remit_v upon_o the_o consideration_n of_o lessen_v circumstance_n wherein_o equity_n may_v be_v allow_v to_o blunt_a the_o edge_n of_o justice_n it_o be_v answer_v that_o this_o may_v be_v do_v by_o the_o justice_n either_o upon_o a_o special_a commission_n for_o try_v the_o merit_n of_o the_o panel_n pretence_n or_o alter_v that_o the_o justice_n have_v hear_v all_o that_o will_v be_v legal_o urge_v by_o either_o party_n in_o a_o full_a trial_n they_o may_v delay_v the_o execution_n and_o make_v report_n to_o his_o majesty_n of_o the_o just_a state_n of_o the_o case_n the_o council_n likewise_o sometime_o inflict_v punishment_n without_o recognition_n by_o way_n of_o citation_n as_o in_o the_o case_n of_o giles_n there_o englishman_n who_o be_v incarcerat_a as_o accessary_a to_o the_o death_n of_o mr._n bedford_n in_o lie_v and_o as_o guilty_a of_o adultery_n with_o mistress_n hamiltoun_n wife_n to_o the_o say_v bedford_n there_o do_v upon_o a_o petition_n to_o the_o council_n wherein_o he_o confess_v the_o adultery_n but_o deny_v the_o murder_n which_o mistress_n hamiltoun_n have_v likewise_o at_o her_o death_n acquit_v he_o of_o obtain_v himself_o banish_v without_o be_v put_v to_o the_o knowledge_n of_o a_o inquest_n by_o who_o he_o have_v certain_o die_v as_o guilty_a of_o notour_n adultery_n 1665._o vi_o the_o council_n name_n likewise_o assessor_n to_o the_o justice_n before_o the_o trial_n these_o the_o grecian_a lawyer_n call_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d and_o sometime_o they_o discharge_v or_o continue_a yet_n after_o sentence_n also_o the_o council_n upon_o application_n make_v to_o they_o do_v either_o mitigat_n the_o punishment_n not_o only_a where_o it_o be_v arbitrary_a but_o even_o where_o it_o be_v statutory_a as_o in_o the_o case_n of_o brown_n who_o they_o ordain_v only_o to_o pay_v 100_o
without_o insert_v any_o part_n of_o the_o process_n in_o the_o journal_n book_n wherein_o also_o i_o find_v that_o malefactor_n be_v ordain_v to_o be_v execute_v very_o early_o in_o the_o morning_n for_o bestiality_n which_o be_v occasion_v by_o the_o confession_n of_o one_o who_o assert_v that_o the_o reason_n of_o his_o commit_v that_o crime_n be_v a_o curiosity_n he_o contract_v at_o his_o see_v one_o execute_v for_o it_o and_o in_o such_o crime_n no_o man_n needs_o to_o be_v deter_v nor_o wâ—ll_n terror_n restrain_v he_o who_o nature_n can_v since_o than_o execution_n for_o some_o crime_n incite_v some_o to_o curiosity_n and_o vex_v other_o with_o horror_n and_o be_v necessary_a to_o none_o some_o may_v be_v more_o proper_o punish_v private_o then_o public_o and_o thus_o such_o person_n as_o be_v popular_a and_o be_v execute_v only_o for_o crime_n for_o which_o the_o people_n have_v a_o kindness_n will_v be_v more_o happy_o execute_v private_o then_o public_o because_o the_o person_n execute_v be_v by_o public_a execution_n obleidge_v to_o die_v rebellious_o and_o the_o people_n be_v confirm_v in_o their_o good_a opinion_n of_o they_o by_o their_o courage_n at_o death_n ii_o constantine_n do_v forbid_v that_o any_o malefactor_n shall_v be_v crucify_v and_o this_o he_o do_v because_o of_o his_o respect_n to_o the_o cross_n he_o likewise_o do_v forbid_v to_o stigmatize_v the_o face_n l._n 17._o c._n de_fw-fr paenis_fw-la because_o the_o face_n be_v god_n image_n martyrus_n be_v of_o opinion_n that_o banishment_n be_v not_o lawful_a lest_o the_o person_n so_o punish_v shall_v be_v force_v to_o live_v among_o turk_n and_o other_o by_o who_o he_o may_v become_v more_o flagitious_a then_o former_o and_o i_o have_v oft_o think_v it_o inhuman_a to_o send_v our_o malefactor_n to_o our_o neighbour_n and_o imprudent_a because_o it_o will_v occasion_v the_o send_n of_o they_o from_o home_n whereby_o we_o may_v be_v likewise_o trouble_v with_o such_o as_o they_o have_v banish_v and_o it_o be_v probable_a that_o correction-house_n will_v be_v both_o safe_a and_o more_o advantageous_a for_o in_o these_o they_o may_v serve_v the_o public_a who_o they_o have_v offend_v but_o with_o we_o no_o judge_n can_v confine_v a_o man_n who_o he_o banish_v to_o any_o place_n without_o his_o jurisdiction_n because_o he_o have_v no_o jurisdiction_n over_o other_o country_n and_o so_o can_v make_v any_o act_n nor_o pronounce_v any_o sentence_n relative_a to_o they_o torture_v punishment_n at_o death_n be_v also_o very_o inexcusable_a for_o they_o ofttimes_o occasion_v blasphemy_n in_o the_o die_a malefactor_n and_o so_o damn_v both_o soul_n and_o body_n whereas_o the_o soul_n shall_v be_v allow_v to_o leave_v quiet_o this_o earth_n and_o go_v in_o peace_n to_o the_o region_n of_o peace_n nor_o do_v these_o terrify_v other_o from_o the_o like_a offence_n for_o these_o who_o fear_v not_o death_n will_v fear_v nothing_o iii_o it_o be_v a_o rule_n among_o the_o civilian_n that_o no_o man_n can_v obliedge_v himself_o to_o any_o thing_n under_o a_o corporal_a pain_n quia_fw-la nemo_fw-la est_fw-la dominus_fw-la suorum_fw-la membrorum_fw-la but_o with_o we_o it_o be_v most_o ordinary_a for_o a_o man_n who_o be_v guilty_a of_o a_o crime_n to_o obliedge_v himself_o never_o to_o return_v to_o scotland_n under_o the_o pain_n of_o death_n thus_o hamiltoun_n be_v hang_v anno_fw-la 1649._o for_o return_v to_o scotland_n after_o she_o haâ—_n enact_v herself_o never_o to_o return_v under_o pain_n of_o death_n and_o her_o dittay_n be_v only_o found_v upon_o that_o contravention_n and_o certain_o contempt_n be_v add_v to_o the_o former_a guilt_n may_v make_v a_o crime_n that_o be_v not_o capital_a become_v so_o and_o this_o contravention_n imply_v in_o effect_n paenam_fw-la effracti_fw-la carceris_fw-la which_o be_v ofttimes_o capital_a so_o that_o though_o a_o person_n can_v bind_v himself_o when_o he_o be_v guilty_a of_o no_o crime_n to_o perform_v any_o thing_n under_o pain_n of_o life_n or_o limb_n yet_o if_o he_o be_v guilty_a of_o a_o crime_n he_o may_v consent_v and_o enact_v himself_o as_o say_v be_v iv._o whether_o when_o law_n allow_v a_o judge_n a_o arbitrary_a power_n in_o punish_v that_o judge_n may_v inflict_v death_n in_o that_o case_n be_v much_o controvert_v chassan_n and_o socin_n think_v that_o he_o can_v and_o this_o seem_v clear_a 1.4_o qui_fw-la vexant_fw-la annonam_fw-la debent_fw-la puniri_fw-la extra_fw-la ordinem_fw-la non_fw-la tamen_fw-la animae_fw-la amissione_n inst._n the_o publ_n ind_z and_o pappon_o relate_v a_o decision_n of_o the_o parliament_n of_o paris_n find_v that_o it_o can_v not_o 2._o this_o will_v make_v judge_n very_o arbitrary_a and_o render_v the_o life_n and_o fortoun_n of_o the_o liege_n very_o unsecure_a 3._o see_v lawyer_n be_v of_o opinion_n that_o no_o man_n life_n can_v be_v take_v away_o without_o a_o express_a law_n it_o seem_v very_o consequential_a to_o this_o that_o no_o man_n life_n can_v be_v take_v away_o upon_o so_o general_a a_o law_n 4._o by_o the_o 20._o act_n parl._n 1_o sess._n 1._o ch._n 2._o death_n and_o arbitrary_a punishment_n be_v oppose_v for_o these_o who_o have_v pass_v sixteen_o year_n of_o age_n beat_v or_o curse_v parent_n be_v ordain_v to_o die_v but_o if_o they_o be_v within_o sixteen_o and_o past_a pupilarity_n they_o be_v ordain_v to_o be_v arbitrar_o punish_v whereas_o if_o arbitrary_a punishment_n may_v be_v extend_v to_o death_n this_o difference_n will_v be_v ineffectual_a and_o the_o law_n thereby_o evacuat_a and_o by_o the_o 5._o act_n 1._o parl._n ja._n 6._o the_o punishment_n of_o say_v and_o hear_v mess_n be_v escheat_v of_o their_o good_n and_o a_o arbitrary_a punishment_n of_o their_o person_n for_o the_o first_o fault_n banishment_n for_o the_o second_o and_o death_n for_o the_o three_o so_o that_o arbitrary_a punishment_n be_v look_v upon_o as_o less_o than_o death_n else_o the_o first_o fault_n shall_v be_v as_o seveer_o punish_v as_o the_o three_o against_o both_o the_o principal_n of_o reason_n and_o the_o design_n of_o the_o lawgiver_n 5._o arbitrary_a punishment_n be_v appoint_v ordinary_o for_o so_o mean_a and_o inconsiderable_a fault_n that_o it_o be_v inhuman_a to_o think_v that_o these_o can_v be_v extend_v to_o death_n skeen_n also_o de_fw-fr verb._n sig_n verb._n iter_fw-la say_v that_o if_o the_o panel_n come_v in_o will_n it_o be_v lawful_a for_o the_o justice_n to_o fine_v he_o according_a to_o his_o offence_n but_o he_o speak_v not_o there_o of_o his_o power_n to_o inflâ—ct_v death_n eo_fw-la casu_fw-la and_o yet_o skeen_n ad_fw-la cap._n 6._o l._n malcolimbi_fw-la vers_fw-la 2._o wherein_o it_o be_v statute_n that_o the_o marischal_n and_o constable_n shall_v punish_v offender_n according_a to_o the_o quality_n of_o the_o offence_n observe_v that_o paena_fw-la extraordinaria_fw-la may_v be_v sometime_o extend_v to_o death_n because_o of_o the_o aggradge_v circumstance_n and_o cite_v for_o this_o l._n ult_n ff_n de_fw-fr priv_n delict_n &_o 16._o de_fw-fr paenis_fw-la but_o these_o law_n be_v ill_o cite_v as_o will_v appear_v by_o read_v they_o when_o the_o pain_n be_v by_o law_n or_o custom_n arbitrary_a and_o the_o defender_n come_v in_o will_n he_o must_v present_o find_v caution_n to_o satisfy_v the_o king_n will_v betwixt_o and_o such_o a_o day_n this_o be_v the_o constant_a custom_n and_o be_v practise_v the_o 22._o of_o november_n 1600._o advocatus_fw-la contra_fw-la patrick_n mc._n creif_n and_o other_o but_o where_o the_o crime_n be_v punishable_a by_o a_o express_a and_o determinat_fw-la punishment_n there_o though_o a_o defender_n come_v in_o will_n it_o ought_v not_o to_o be_v receive_v and_o thus_o the_o marquis_n of_o argile_n be_v pursue_v before_o the_o parliament_n for_o treason_n offer_v to_o come_v in_o will_n but_o his_o submission_n be_v not_o accept_v v._o it_o be_v uncontravert_v with_o we_o if_o when_o any_o crime_n be_v punishable_a by_o death_n the_o movable_n fall_v to_o the_o king_n though_o the_o act_n bear_v not_o that_o the_o crime_n shall_v be_v punishable_a by_o death_n and_o confiscation_n of_o movable_n and_o according_a to_o the_o civil_a law_n proscriptus_fw-la eratis_fw-la cujus_fw-la bona_fw-la expressim_fw-la confiscabantur_fw-la damnatus_fw-la vero_fw-la cujus_fw-la bona_fw-la tacit_a publicatio_fw-la enim_fw-la bonorum_fw-la sequebatur_fw-la tacit_a paenam_fw-la capitalem_fw-la matheus_n cap._n 2._o de_fw-la sicartis_fw-la num_fw-la 2._o and_o albeit_o the_o judge_n shall_v omit_v in_o his_o sentence_n the_o punishment_n due_a by_o law_n yet_o ipso_fw-la jure_fw-la there_o be_v by_o the_o damnation_n jus_o quaesitum_fw-la fisco_fw-la as_o be_v find_v after_o a_o large_a debate_n in_o the_o case_n of_o wauch_n who_o be_v a_o land_a man_n find_v guilty_a of_o theft_n though_o he_o be_v only_o fine_v by_o the_o sheriff_n in_o a_o thousand_o pound_n yet_o the_o donator_n to_o the_o escheat_n be_v find_v to_o have_v