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A36046 A clear and learned explication of the history of our blessed Saviour Jesus Christ taken out of above thrity Greek, Syriack, and other Oriental authors, by way of Catena: by Dionysius Syrus, who flourish'd most illustriously in the tenth and eleventh centuries. And faithfully translated by Dudley Loftus, doctor of the laws, Master in chancery, and judge of Their Majesties Court of Prerogative in Ireland. Dionysius Exiguus, d. ca. 540.; Loftus, Dudley, 1619-1695. 1695 (1695) Wing D1524; ESTC R221210 116,956 162

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Nazareth and both declare the Truth but this of Luke was first for he abode forty days in Bethlehem from the time he was born and afterwards went to Jerusalem and offer'd Gifts and Simeon bore him and from Jerusalem he went to Nazareth and at the end of that Anniversary he came to Jerusalem and so returned to Nazareth and at the end of the second year he came from Nazareth to Jerusalem and from thence to Bethlehem and there the Wise-Men Worshipped him and from Bethlehem he went to Egypt as saith Mathew and Luke declares where he was born and what things were done at his Nativity and that he went up to Jerusalem when the days of her Purification were accomplish'd and when they had performed what the Law required they went unto Nazareth Mathew afterwards sets forth that the Wise-men came and found him in Bethlehem after he was Circumciz'd and had offered his Gifts and was two years old and then it was told Joseph that he should carry him by flight into Egypt and he remained three years in Egypt and suddenly returned to Nazareth and hence it is known that the Wife-men worshipped him when he was two years old for there was no Congruity with reason or conveniency that they should bring him up to the Temple whilest Herod breath'd forth destruction against the Children Which is called Nazareth The Jews question in what book these two passages are written viz. He shall be called a Nazarite and Out of Egypt have I called my Son To whom we say that these are not allegations of praise and exaltation but of humiliation for this word Nazareth they spoke of it as an house of Indecency out of Nazareth c. And the other is applyed to flight and had they not been True Mathew had not produced them because they were not of advantage Moreover many books perished as the book of Barjamin teacheth us for the Jews continually were drawn into the Errour of Idolatry and some of the Books they lost and some of them they tore as Jeremia declares and he who wrote the Book of the Kings faith that Deuteronomie was scarce found after a long time which was hidden and plundered For if when they were free from Warr they had so little care or regard for Books much less had they in the time of war And if they shall say if it was not written in the time of Christ whence doth Matthew produce it We answer that it was the daughter of a Voice And in the time of Mathew it was delivered and propagated from mouth to mouth and therefore Mathew wrote it or it was in the Books which were Lost or the Spirit which dwelt upon him in the Parlour Revealed it unto him or in his time it was preserv'd in Books and after Mathew wrote it perish'd in the destruction of the City by the Romans And if a Jew will indeavour to Falcify the Gospel because this allegation is not Extant he may be Reprehended from his own Books wherein are many Speeches written say'd to be in writing and are not written wherefore we may hold theirs in the like repute Moses speaks to Aaron concerning the death of his Sons I will be Sanctified by my near ones and I will be praised before all the People yet this is not found any where and it is said in the Book of the Wars of the Lord. A Flame in the Whirlwind in the Torrent of Aron Moreover To teach the Children of Israel the use of the Bow behold it is written in the Book of Jasher But neither did he reveal what is the Doctrine of the Bow It is said of Jeroboam the Son of Jehu I will turn the Border from the going in of Hamath to the Book of the Sallows as said the Lord by his Servant Jonas the Son of Mathi the Prophet in Gad-Hether and this is not written any where no not in Jonas And Thou hast said the World shall be Built in Grace and also in Esaia This Word the Lord spake concerning Moab and it is unknown where these two passages are written therefore let the Jew take our Excuse from his own Moreover The Gospel according to Custom and with regard to the accomplishment of things produceth an Allegation for Isaiah saith There shall come forth a Rod from the Root of Jess and a Bough shall sprout forth And in the Hebrew a Branch or Bough is expounded a Branch and Nazaren one who sprouts out and when Mathew saw that Christ came and dwelt in Nazareth he expounded this of Esaiah A Branch shall sprout out He shall be called a Nazaren and he was called a Nazaren from Nazareth that is 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 one sprouting out from 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 a Sprout so they are expounded in the Hebrew Tongue Others say that 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 which is 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 is expounded New and that Nazareth signifieth New and signifies Typically that the Son would newly be made Man for Men Others say That Nazareth signifies Justice and Nazaren signifies Just and if they shall say that because he was born in Bethlehem and not in Nazareth Esaiah calls him 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 let them know that the Apostles called him as did the Prophets and that this of Bethlehem was not hid as to the Prophecy but chiefly intended according to that of Nathaniel who from this was moved to make Enquiry and said From Nazareth c. For Nazareth was a contemptible place as was Galilee and our Lord was not ashamed to be called from thence After he had discoursed concerning Christ's Nativity c. at last he came to the beginning of the Gospel which is the Baptism of Christ And so he Continueth his Discourse on towards his Passion MATH III. ANd in those days came John the Baptish He doth not understand by those days the time when Jesus returned from Egypt to Nazareth for in those days Jesus was five years old but the time of his abode in Nazareth being Twenty five Years he was Thirty Years of Age when he came to Baptism as saith Luke Others are of opinion that he calls those days the time when he came to be baptized for it is the custom of Scripture to term by the Name of those days the days wherein any matter what-e'er it be is acted or done Others think that he calls those days the time wherein the Jews had neither King nor Prophet forasmuch as the Prophecy of Jacob was fulfilled The Scepter shall not depart c. but Tiberius then Reigned as Luke saith Others say thus In those days that is our Lord did not immediately after his teturn from Egypt come to John but when he was Thirty Years of Age being Two years old when he went down into Egypt where he remained Three years and afterwards dwelt in Nazareth Twenty five Years and in these years he paid the debt of our Nature and fulfilled the Law and abrogated it and it is the Custom of
steeped in Water crumble away and fall in pieces as dry Dirt so we unless we be dipped in Baptism return into Dust and dryness void of Godly Waters 10. There are two Cleansing Elements Water and Fire and they who are not here Cleansed with Water shall there be Tormented with Fire 11. Water washeth all things and wanteth no Cleansing and he who is washed with Baptism needs no other Cleansing 12. Water is a thing exposed to the Use of all Men and that no Man might be deprived of Baptism therefore was Baptism thereof Constituted 13. Because by Waters were washed away the Filth of Noahs Family and because the Egyptians were drowned and the Worshippers of Balaam were thereby tryed therefore baptism was Established 14. To abolish the Evil Opinion of those Fools who said That Water was Evil because therein was the Common Deluge and Pharoah was Drowned therein He sheweth that Water by baptism gives Immortal Life 15. Because by Water were made the Espousals of Rebecca of Rachel and Tsiphora tipifying the VVater of Baptism whereby the Church is Espoused 16. Because the Passage of the Children of Israel was made by VVater and also of Eliah and Elishah in Jordan and the Cleansing of Naaman and that Torrent of Esechiel and the washing Shiloah did all of them Typifie our Baptism And in the place through which Joshua passed Jordan and Elias and Elishah also was as they say Christ Baptized Thus much for the Third Chapter MATH XXVI ANd it came to pass when Jesus had finished these speeches he said to his disciples Ye know that after two days the passover will be Our Redeemer spoke this on the mount of Olives but Luke saith that he came on the day of unleavened Bread and John said fix days before the passover he who heard those how can he these Jesus came to Bethanie on the Sabbath day when he raised Lazarus and he made him a supper and he raised Lazarus and Martha ministred and Mary washed his seet the next day after which was the first day of the week he entred into Jerusalem with Hosanna's as say'd John and on that first dayof the week he went forth into Bethanie and lodged there as said Mathew and in the morning of the second day of the week he returned to Jerusalem and dried up the fig Tree as Mathew say'd and again on the third day of the week he went forth to the mouth of olives as Mathew said and sat upon the Mount and his Disciples came unto him and spoke unto him and he taught many things and on this third day he said unto them there on the Mount After two days will be the passover that is after the fourth and fifth day of the week the passover was to be Early in the morning of the preparation and on that third day Christ was anointed in the house of Simon the Leper in the town of Bethanie as say Mathew and Mark and from Bethanie where he was anointed he sent two Disciples Peter and John to Jerusalem on the fifth day to prepare for him the passover as Luke sayeth The Day of Vleavened Bread being come c. and when it was the evening of the dawning of the Friday he came to Jerusalem and lay down in the Parlour with his Disciples as sayeth Mathew and the first day of the passover and of unleavened bread was the Friday as John sayeth which was the preparation of the passover and they entred not into the Pretorium that they might not be defiled and if thou shalt reckon from the Sabbath whereon Lazarus arose until the preparation there will be six days as sayeth John from whence it is apparent that the Evangelists agree with one another for Mathew said Ye know that after two days shall be the passover that is on the third day of the Week he said this unto them and the fourth and fifth days of the Week were two intermediate days and on the Friday happened the first of Unleavened Bread whereon the Passover of that year was slain and whereon Christ was crucified as said John And the Son of Man shall be betrayed to be crucified First of all he introduced the matter of the Passover that he might conceal that which would have affected them with sadness that is that he was to be Crucifyed Then were gathered together the chief Priests and Scribes For the Law had commanded there should be but one High Priest and that when he died another should succeed for with the life of this one he measured the flight of those who had involuntarily slain a man but at this time their Laws were corrupted for instead of one Chief Priest many succeeded Moreover he set up unto them two Chief Priests to the end that if there should happen to one of them Nocturnal Pollution or any Liquefaction and he should be polluted the other might administer without any disappointment to the Feast But Herod when he reigned as King he made one High Priest every year that they might not rebel against him He made them also to exercise that Priesthood for certain years as Zachary And they took Counsel against Jesus to take him by deceipt For they were assembled unto the Court of Caiaphas the high Priest and after four days from the raising of Lazarus being the fourth day of the Week they took Counsel for his Death and therefore the Apostles appointed that on the fourth day of the Week on the Friday and on the first day of the Week there should be a Fast and the holy Mysteries On the fourth because they consulted his Death on that day on the Friday because thereon he was Crucifyed and on the first day of the Week because on that day he arose Some say That even the Beasts on this Friday Honour the Fast Not in the Feast lest there be a Commotion among the People Observe That they were not afraid of God but of the People And observe The Devil did not consent that Christ should suffer in the Feast that his Passion might not be Publick but because They were overcome with overflowing Rage unlawfully and found Judas ready to betray him they could not Govern their Rage They Consulted in the Court of Caiphas because He was the Chief Priest for that year And some say That he was Josephus and afterward Repented was Converted and Believed in Christ but we say That the Josephus who fought smartly with the Romans and afterwards was taken by them made a Disciple and wrote many Books concerning what happened in the time of the Machabees and also concerning the War of Jerusalem was another than this Caiaphas the High Priest and Eusebius Caesariensis in his Ecclesiasticks Testifieth unto us the same but Josephus was called the Second Joseph by the Romans by reason of his Wisdom and he said of Vespasian It will come to pass that he shall Reign Jesus being in Bethany in the House of Simon the Leper This Bethany was the Village of Mary
Traytor that peradventure he might Repent for this Shall dip wlth me is thus Expounded by Sanctus Johannes he was so Unmannerly and Impudent that he did not honour the Lord but dipped with him but it seems to me That he spoke to make him ashamed and as drawing him to Lover Ye are they who Eat with me freely and yet one of ye shall betray me That is He who shall betray me is not from without but is of those who dip the hand with me in the Dish VVas it requisite that they should dip in any thing since that it is commanded in the Law That nothing shall be Eaten that is made with Fire We Answer That they dipped in fitting Sauces where with Roasted Meat was to be Eaten as being a young Creature for they did also eat a Roasted Lamb after the Old Rule Saint Hypolitus Although all the Disciples stretched forth their Hands with him into the Dish yet when our Lord stretched forth his Hand they drew back their hands but Judas did not so but impudently stretched forth his hand together with him into the Dish as if he had been his equal and this is that he who shall dip his hand and when from hence the Disciples did not understand who was the Traytor he dipped Bread and gave and immediately they knew him Others They did set before them two Dishes and each six of them dipped in one Dish and Judas was of that Company which dipped with our Lord and therefore he said That he who shall dip with me shall betray me Some say That he did not Reveal the Traytor until he washed their Feet and gave them the Mystery but this is not true And the Son of Man goeth away That is shall dye As it is Written of him and if it be so Written concerning him That he shall dye Wherefore was Judas to be blamed who accomplished what was Written We Answer That he did not accomplish what things were Written that he might fulfil them or with a good iniention so neither did his Crucifiers Crucifie him for the Accomplishment of Prophecy but for an Evil Intention and neither because things were foretold do they who accomplish them remain without Judgment and Vengeance for between the Speech of the Lips and the accomplishment of things there is placed a freedom and every one shall be Rewarded according to his Freedom and Will and if thou shalt not require the Will of him who is to perform the Deed thou shalt free the Devil from many Accusations and those who perform his Will and if Judas had not betrayed him without all doubt some other had betrayed him and if another had not Providence had been extirpated for he who is Wise in all things knew how to Govern and Dispence his Affairs and also without the Treachery of Judas or the Evil Intention of the Crucifiers for his Wisdom is Opulent and his Doings Incomprehensible But Wo to the Man by whom He bestows a Wo on the Man who was Minister by constraint of Providence and incouraged those his Disciples that they might not think that he was betrayed out of Weakness And Judas the Traytor gave unto them a Token he it is whom I shall Kiss For it was the Custom of the Disciples that he who came from afar off should Kiss Christ on his Mouth and Judas made use of this Custom for a Token to the Jews Others Judas thought that he might have deceived our Lord herewith when he shall see me Kiss him he will think think that I kissed him out of Love to him and not that I am to betray him whereas Christ who knew Seerets knew very well what he designed Wherefore had the Jewish Ministers need of Judas to betray him had he been willing to have concealed himself for he had Power as Lord at all times to change his Visage and had he designed not to have been known he had neither been known by his Voice nor by his Visage no more than he was known to Mary Magdalen when he arose from the Dead and afterwards made himself known by his Voice when he called her Mary and it is evident from this that John Reports Whom seek ye And they said Jesus of Nazary because they did not know him But how was it That Judas who was continually with him did not know him Because he did conceal himself from them and they did not know him until he was so pleased and Revealed himself and said I am he Moreover the Jews stood in need of Judas to betray him unto them that he might be an excuse for them they saying That his Disciple betrayed him and had he not been Wicked his Disciple had not betrayed him And they laid their hands on him and took him That is forasmuch as he had fulfilled his Dispensation and there remained the Passion Death and Resurrection he yielded up himself and was taken MATH XXVII WHen the Morning was come Vers 1. they took Council against Jesus That is to say that they might put him to Death for they consider'd and consulted together early in the Morning Forasmuch as they fear'd lest the people should Rise in Commotion and Rebel against them as at other times they had done and they understood not that he had consented to put himself into their Hands And they bound him Vers 2. Viz. They bound his Hands behind him and led him to Pilate Viz. Forasmuch as their Authority was Abolish'd and they could not put any one to Death They led him to Pilate that they might make shew that they did not Murther him by their own Power or Tumult of the People but in the Form of a Legal proceeding Judicially as a Traytor to Caesar and a Seditious Person 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 This Word is by Exposition a Judg Governour Prince Then Judas the Traytor Vers 3. when he saw that Jesus was Condemned Repented himself That is to say in such manner as the Evangelists recites his Condemnation for had our Lord been Righteously Condemned Judas had Rejoyced and would not have Repented nor would he have called that Innocent Blood which he had betray'd but the Cause was that the Priests had unjustly pronounced Sentence against him And observe That Judas did not Repent till his Sin and Iniquity was accomplish'd for so the Devil deals with his Servants not permitting them to observe their Iniquity before it be fulfilled Wherefore was not Judas accepted since that the Evangelist saith that he Repented Because he Repented of Disposition and not voluntarily and for that he did not perfectly Repent for that he went out and hanged himself without applying himself to Repentance was the work of a Devil who caused it Others say that his Repentance was not sincere and spontaneous but proceeding from fear for he did not truly Repent but seared the same fate with the Sodomites Dathan and Abiram because he had betrayed innocent blood Others are of opinion that he was not accepted for as
to a King so they made Simon bear his Cross And this is certain from hence that it is not Written that the Thieves did bear their Crosses but that there came with him two Malefactors And as Simon bare his Cross and was not Crucified so our Lord was Crucified not for himself but for others Furthermore when Satan perceived what good things there came from the Cross he made the Jews give his Cross to another that the Good which was to be wrought by his Death might come to pass by other means and not by the hands of Jesus and that all the World might look upon him who carried the Cross and not upon Jesus Yet the Will of Satan was not performed for tho' another bore the Cross yet the Cross bore Jesus and all the Good was wrought by him Again he did as did the ancient Patriarchs and Prophets for they indeed prophecied and did not suffer but Simon carried the Cross and another was Crucified Moreover it was to teach us that whosoever will be his Disciple must take up his Cross and that the Prophecy might be fulfilled that his Dominion is upon his shoulder that is to say his Cross by which he exerciseth Dominion over things in Heaven and Earth and as Isaac bore on his Shoulder the Wood of his Sacrifice so our Lord bore upon his Shoulder the Cross Wherefore did not God permit Abraham to slay Isaac That the Seed of Abraham might not follow the Custom of the Prophane Gentiles who Sacrificed their Sons to Devils and to learn by Abraham that God delights not in Slaughter but in true Love But since there are many kinds of Death Why did he suffer the Death of the Cross To the end that when he should be lifted upon the Cross he might draw all Men to him from the Earth and that he might Sanctifie the Earth by the Sprinkling of his Blood Moreover That he might publish the putting off his Flesh to the Principalities for the Powers of Satan for the most part reside in the Air Again because by the Tree also Death entered so by the Tree came Salvation when he was mounted thereupon and that he might free us from this Curse Cursed be the Earth for thy sake he suffered a Cursed Death according to what he said Cursed be every one who hangeth upon a Tree and that he might bless us with all the Blessings of the Spirit And there came behind him a multitude of People and Women who Lamented This was the custom that when any sad thing happened the people gathered themselves together and Women grieved and wept And this is it which is said in John Ye shall seek me and shall not find me My Lord John saith Here they sought him Lamenting and Weeping for him Cyril saith That they Wept and Lamented because Woman kind are prone to Tears because of their soft Constitutions or Tenderness of Conscience Moreover the Weeping and Wayling of the Women was a Sign of the Destruction of their City But Weep for your selves and your Children That is to say a bitter Destruction is coming upon you Blessed are the Barren That is to say you shall count them happy who have no Children when ye shall see this sharp Destruction from the Romans If with the Green Tree Green he calls himself who was Delightful and Fruitful That is to say he wrought Miracles affording Teaching and Preaching and if after these things the Romans and Grecians Reproached and Despised me What will become of you What will they do with you who are dry Wood and fruitless because they find nothing useful in you they will have no Pity for you Christ is the Green Tree the Jews the Dry and the Romans the Fire And they came to a place which is called Gagultha which is Interpreted a Skull that is to say the Syrians call the Pan and bone of the Head a Skull but Interpreters say that when Noah enter'd into the Ark he took with him the Bones of Adam and that going out of the same he divided them among his three Sons to Shem as to his first born he gave his Head to Ham and Japheth the rest of his Bones accordingly he divided the Earth between them three to Japheth fell the Northern part to Ham the Southern and to Shem the Middlemost to which belonged Jerusalem and they say that by way of Mystery the Skull of Adam was buried in the self same place and Earth whereon Christ was Crucified and that when Christ was Crucified they fix'd his Cross in the Mouth of Adam to the intent That in the very place where Death and the Fall first happened Life and Resurrection might there begin Moreover he was Crucified in this place because therein were Administred the Mysteries which prefigured the Crucifixion for from Generations and many years it was kept for this Use Therein Melchizedeck exercised the Sacerdotal Function and effered Sacrifice and Oblation thereon Also David built an Altar and interdicted Death and finally this was the Threshing Floor of Arnon the Jebusite And they gave unto him to Drink Vineger mixed with Gall. Mark saith They gave him Wine mixed with Myrrh but he did not take it for it was a Law with them to give Wine to him who is Crucified to the end he may become forgetful and unsensible of his Passion and they gave him Wine mix'd with Gall but he drank it not First because his time was not yet come Secondly The Prophets did not Prophecy of him that he should drink Wine mix'd with Gall. They oftentimes offered him Vinegar to drink thereby deriding him before and at his Crucifixion which is manifest from hence that they did not offer it to the Thieves that were Crucified with him and he drank not the Vinegar because as Mathew saith The time was not yet come They divided his Garments by Lots That the Prophecy of David may be fulfilled but this did they by way of Derision And they divided them into four Parts because there were four Chieftains of the Soldiers and he had a Tunick an head-covering a Shash and Sandals and because the Shash was small they were willing to divide the Tunick and to add to the Girdle for the which because they divided it not they cast Lotts and it fell to one of them They divided his Garments into four Parts The Mystery hereof is that they were guilty of four-fold Sin What every one should take that is to say what part of every one of the Souldiers should take of his Garments and who should have the Tunick or Girdle His Tunick was Seamless from the top being all Woven It was the custom in the Land of Palestine to weave two pieces of Cloth and to stich them together above the shoulders and so make a Tunick and they called it without seam from the top that is to say woven without that stitch above the shoulders Moreover that it was seamless shews the meanless of his attire Furthermore he calls